High-voltage power distribution units and vehicles

Abstract

To provide a high-voltage power distribution unit that can solve the conventional problem of complicated and messy wiring that occupies a large amount of space. [Solution] The present invention provides a high-voltage power distribution unit and a vehicle. The high-voltage power distribution unit comprises a case, a BMS assembly, and a harness assembly. The case comprises a box cover and a bottom wall arranged in a first direction, between the box cover and the bottom wall, a first mounting chamber and a second mounting chamber arranged in a first direction, the BMS assembly is mounted in the first mounting chamber, a wiring space is formed between one side of the BMS assembly and the case along the second direction, and the harness assembly passes through the wiring space to connect the BMS assembly and the overcurrent assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application with the application number 202411946525.4, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on December 26, 2024, and the priority of an international application with the application number PCT / CN2025 / 076400, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on February 8, 2025, and incorporates herein by reference all the contents of the above applications.

[0002] This application relates to energy storage technology, specifically to high-voltage power distribution units and vehicles.

Background Art

[0003] Automobiles are equipped with many electrical systems and electronic devices, such as engine control systems, lighting systems, infotainment systems, and safety systems. A high-voltage power distribution unit (PDU) plays a role in appropriately distributing the power output from the vehicle's battery and generator to each system and device, ensuring a stable power supply. For example, the high-voltage power distribution unit (PDU) can provide a power path with a sufficient large current to a starter motor that requires a large amount of power, and can also supply a stable small current to a low-power sensor.

[0004] In related technologies, a large number of electrical components in the high-voltage power distribution unit are connected to each other using a large number of harnesses, and wiring is performed from around the housing of the high-voltage power distribution unit.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] By the way, in such a method, the wiring becomes complicated and messy, occupying a large amount of space.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] This application provides a high-voltage power distribution unit. The high-voltage power distribution unit A case comprising a box cover and a bottom wall arranged along a first direction, wherein a first mounting chamber and a second mounting chamber are formed between the box cover and the bottom wall, arranged along the first direction. A BMS assembly mounted in a first mounting chamber, wherein a wiring space is formed between one side thereof and the case along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the BMS assembly is electrically connected to a battery pack and external electrical equipment, respectively. An overcurrent assembly installed in a second mounting chamber, comprising a battery-side module and a load-side module electrically connected to each other, wherein the battery-side module is electrically connected to a battery pack and the load-side module is electrically connected to an external electrical device, The system includes a harness assembly that connects the BMS assembly and the overcurrent assembly by passing through the wiring space.

[0007] Furthermore, this application provides a vehicle, which is equipped with the high-voltage power distribution unit described above. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] The high-voltage power distribution unit according to this invention divides the internal space of the case into two chambers, a first mounting chamber and a second mounting chamber, which are arranged along a first direction. By arranging the BMS assembly and the overcurrent assembly in the first and second mounting chambers, which are distributed in the first direction, the space in the first direction of the high-voltage power distribution unit can be fully utilized, resulting in shorter wiring distances and a more compact high-voltage power distribution unit. The harness assembly passes through the wiring space and connects to the BMS assembly and the overcurrent assembly. In the second mounting chamber, by concentrating the wiring of the harness assembly in the wiring space, the harness structure inside the case becomes neat and compact, occupying less space and making it easier for workers to operate and organize.

[0009] The vehicle according to this application is equipped with the high-voltage power distribution unit described above, and the high-voltage power distribution unit can be miniaturized because its internal structure is compact. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0010] [Figure 1] This is a schematic three-dimensional view of a high-voltage power distribution unit according to a possible embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 1 shows a possible embodiment of the exploded view of the high-voltage power distribution unit. [Figure 3] This is a second possible embodiment of the exploded view of the high-voltage distribution unit shown in Figure 1. [Figure 4] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a high-voltage power distribution unit. [Figure 5] This is a partial enlargement view of section A in Figure 4. [Figure 6] This is a magnified view of a portion of section B in Figure 4. [Figure 7] This is a partial enlargement view of section C in Figure 4. [Figure 8] This is a partial enlargement of section D in Figure 4. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0011] Automobiles are equipped with many electrical and electronic systems, including engine control systems, lighting systems, infotainment systems, and safety systems. The Power Distribution Unit (PDU) plays a crucial role in ensuring a stable power supply by appropriately distributing the power output from the vehicle's battery pack to each system and device (e.g., motors, air conditioning compressors, charging systems, etc.). For example, it can provide a sufficiently high-current power path to the starter motor, which requires high power, while also supplying a stable low current to low-power sensors. In emergencies, the PDU can quickly shut off the power supply to ensure the safety of the occupants. The Power Distribution Unit can also communicate with the vehicle's control system (e.g., BMS, Battery Management System) to share data such as power usage and fault information. The Power Distribution Unit is further equipped with CAN (Controller Area Network) and other data bus interfaces, enabling communication with other in-vehicle systems. In electric vehicles, the PDU is typically located between the high-voltage battery and the main load, acting as a bridge to ensure that power is safely and efficiently delivered to each demand point.

[0012] In related technologies, numerous electrical components within a high-voltage distribution unit are connected using numerous harnesses, and these harnesses are routed around the housing of the high-voltage distribution unit. As a result, the wiring becomes complicated and messy, and takes up a large amount of space.

[0013] To overcome at least some of the aforementioned drawbacks, the first embodiment provides a high-voltage distribution unit comprising a case 100 on which other components, such as a BMS assembly and an overcurrent assembly, are mounted, with reference to Figure 1.

[0014] Referring to Figure 2, in some embodiments, the high-voltage distribution unit further comprises a BMS assembly 300 and an overcurrent assembly 500 that can be electrically connected to external electrical equipment. The BMS assembly 300 is electrically connected to the battery pack and is mainly capable of monitoring and managing the operating status of the battery pack. The BMS assembly 300 is electrically connected to and can communicate with external electrical equipment. In some examples, the external electrical equipment includes another BMS, in which case the BMS assembly 300 of this application can communicate with the BMS in the external electrical equipment. In some examples, the BMS assembly can provide the high-voltage distribution unit with real-time information on the power output capability of the battery pack in accordance with the vehicle's driving needs (e.g., different driving conditions such as acceleration, deceleration, and cruising). The overcurrent assembly appropriately distributes the power of the battery pack to the external electrical equipment.

[0015] In some embodiments, the high-voltage power distribution unit of the present invention is electrically connected to a battery pack in the vehicle. The external electrical equipment may be various electrical systems of the vehicle, such as a drive motor, air conditioning system, or on-board electronic equipment, and the power from the battery pack can be appropriately distributed to the external electrical equipment.

[0016] The high-voltage distribution unit in this application may function as a sub-high-voltage distribution unit, and the high-voltage distribution unit in this application may be electrically connected to a battery pack in the vehicle. The external electrical equipment may function as a main high-voltage distribution unit equipped with a BMS. The high-voltage distribution unit in this application is electrically connected to the main high-voltage distribution unit, and the BMS assembly 300 in this application communicates with the BMS in the main high-voltage distribution unit to exchange information with the BMS in the main high-voltage distribution unit, so that the main high-voltage distribution unit is connected to each system and equipment in the vehicle and can appropriately distribute the power output from the battery pack to each system and equipment in the vehicle, such as a drive motor, air conditioning system, and on-board electronic equipment.

[0017] Referring to FIG. 4, the case 100 can include a box cover 110 and a bottom wall 130 arranged along a first direction. Between the box cover 110 and the bottom wall 130, a first mounting chamber 120 and a second mounting chamber 140 arranged along the first direction are formed. Referring to FIG. 3, the BMS assembly 300 can be mounted in the first mounting chamber 120, and the overcurrent assembly 500 can be mounted in the second mounting chamber 140. Thus, the overcurrent assembly 500 and the BMS assembly 300 are hierarchically arranged in the case 100 along the first direction.

[0018] The overcurrent assembly 500 is configured to be electrically connected to the battery pack and the external electrical device respectively. The overcurrent assembly 500 may include a battery-side module 510 and a load-side module 530 that are electrically connected to each other, where the battery-side module is electrically connected to the battery pack and the load-side module is electrically connected to the external electrical device. In some examples, the battery-side module 510 can include a hall sensor 900, and the load-side module 530 can include a relay 501. Specifically, the relay 501 can include a positive relay and a negative relay.

[0019] In some examples, the battery pack can include a positive terminal and a negative terminal, and the positive terminal of the battery pack is electrically connected to the positive relay. The high-voltage power distribution unit of the present application can further include an electrical exchange connector, and the positive relay is electrically connected to the electrical exchange connector. The negative terminal of the battery pack is electrically connected to the hall sensor and the negative relay in sequence, and the negative relay is electrically connected to the electrical exchange connector. The positive relay and the negative relay can control the on and off of the high-voltage circuit. The positive relay and the negative relay can turn on or off the current when the system requires it to protect the circuit from overload and short circuit.

[0020] The Hall sensor, also known as the Hall Effect Sensor, can mainly detect current. The Hall Effect Sensor is a current measurement tool based on the Hall effect. When current passes through a conductor, a magnetic field is generated around the conductor. When a semiconductor material (such as a Hall element) placed in this magnetic field is excited by a current perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field, a voltage is generated in a direction perpendicular to both the current and the magnetic field. The Hall sensor can detect the current intensity passing through the PDU in real time, and can monitor the charge and discharge state of the battery, calculate the remaining capacity (SOC), perform fault diagnosis, etc. When an abnormal current (such as overcurrent, short circuit, etc.) is detected, the Hall sensor can quickly feedback to the control system and take appropriate protection measures such as cutting off the power supply to prevent damage to the battery pack and other electrical components.

[0021] Here, referring to FIG. 3, a wiring space 150 can be formed between one side of the BMS assembly 300 and the case 100 along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. Referring to FIG. 3, this high-voltage power distribution unit further includes a harness assembly 700 with one end connected to the overcurrent assembly 500 and the other end passing through the wiring space 150 and connected to the BMS assembly 300. That is, the harness assembly 700 passes through the wiring space to connect the BMS assembly 300 and the overcurrent assembly 500.

[0022] FIG. 3 schematically shows three directions of the high-voltage power distribution unit. The three directions specifically include the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction. The first direction can also be called the height direction of the high-voltage power distribution unit, the second direction can also be called the width direction of the high-voltage power distribution unit, and the third direction can also be called the length direction of the high-voltage power distribution unit.

[0023] In related technologies, high-voltage power distribution units typically have many electrical components located on the same floor, occupying a large amount of space in the longitudinal and width directions. This leads to congestion in the second (width) and third (length) directions of the high-voltage power distribution unit. On the other hand, the space in the first direction (height) of the high-voltage power distribution unit cannot be fully utilized. In these systems, the distance between electrical components located at both ends is large, requiring long wiring distances between electrical components, making operation inconvenient for workers.

[0024] In the embodiment of the present invention, the internal space of the case 100 is divided into two chambers, a first mounting chamber 120 and a second mounting chamber 140, which are arranged along a first direction (height direction). By arranging the BMS assembly 300 and the overcurrent assembly 500 in the second mounting chamber 140 and the first mounting chamber 120, which are distributed in the first direction, the height-direction space of the high-voltage power distribution unit can be fully utilized, shortening the wiring distance and making the high-voltage power distribution unit more compact. In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the harness assembly 700 penetrates the wiring space and connects the BMS assembly 300 and the overcurrent assembly 500. Within the first mounting chamber 120, the wiring of the harness assembly is more concentrated, the structure is orderly and compact, the space occupied is small, and operation and organization by the operator are easier.

[0025] Referring to Figure 4, in some embodiments, the second mounting chamber 140 is located close to the box cover 110, and the overcurrent assembly 500 is mounted in the second mounting chamber 140, i.e., the overcurrent assembly 500 is located close to the box cover 110. The high-voltage distribution unit also further comprises a first connector 200 mounted on the box cover 110, which can connect external electrical equipment to the overcurrent assembly 500. The overcurrent assembly 500 is electrically connected to the external electrical equipment via the first connector 200. Here, the first connector 200 may further comprise a first connection end 210 and a second connection end 230 that are connected to each other. The first connection end 210 is located in the second mounting chamber 140 and is electrically connected to the overcurrent assembly 500, while the second connection end 230 is located on the side away from the bottom wall 130 of the box cover 110 to facilitate connection to external electrical equipment. The first connecting end 210 and the second connecting end 230 may be integrally molded, or the first connecting end 210 and the second connecting end 230 may be connected by screws, rivets, or the like.

[0026] In these embodiments, the overcurrent assembly 500 is mounted in the second mounting chamber 140 and positioned closer to the first connector 200. This reduces the connection distance between the overcurrent assembly 500 and the first connector 200, resulting in a more compact internal structure for the high-voltage distribution unit.

[0027] In some embodiments, the case 100 further comprises a first side wall 160 and a second side wall 170 arranged along a second direction (width direction). Referring to Figure 2, the case 100 further comprises a transverse frame 180 and a partition plate 190 positioned between the box cover 110 and the bottom wall 130, the transverse frame 180 reinforcing the high-voltage distribution unit and supporting and mounting the partition plate 190. Here, the opposing ends of the transverse frame 180 may be fixed to the first side wall 160 and the second side wall 170, respectively, the partition plate 190 is fixed to the side of the transverse frame 180 closer to the box cover 110, the partition plate 190 and the box cover 110 together form a second mounting chamber 140, and the overcurrent assembly 500 is mounted on the side of the partition plate 190 facing the box cover 110. In these embodiments, the provision of the transverse frame and partition plate allows the overcurrent assembly 500 to be mounted on the partition plate 190, resulting in a neater and easier installation. The horizontal frame 180 reinforces the case 100 and can support the partition plate 190 and the overcurrent assembly 500, thereby making the structure of the case 100 more stable.

[0028] In some embodiments, with reference to Figure 5, the transverse frame 180 may include a first part 181, a second part 182, and a third part 183, where, along the third direction, the first part 181 may have parallel first side surfaces 184 and a second side surface 185, the second part 182 is bent and connected to the first side surface 184, and the third part 183 is bent and connected to the second side surface 185. During installation, the third part 183 may be connected to the BMS assembly 300, and the connection between the third part 183 and the BMS assembly 300 may be screw-jointed, riveted, or the like. The second part 182 may also be connected to the BMS assembly 300, and the connection between the second part 182 and the BMS assembly 300 may be screw-jointed, riveted, or the like. This allows the BMS assembly 300 to be stably fixed to the transverse frame 180. The first part 181 and the second part 182 are spaced apart along the first direction, and the first part 181 and the third part 183 are spaced apart along the first direction. As a result, there is space between the first part and the BMS assembly 300 in the first direction, and this space can be used as an additional mounting space.

[0029] In some embodiments, with reference to Figure 4, the BMS assembly 300 may be further connected to the bottom wall 130. This allows the BMS assembly 300 to be fixed to the first mounting chamber 120 along the first direction.

[0030] Referring to Figures 7 and 8, in some embodiments, the BMS assembly 300 may include a BMS and a BMS bracket 303, where there may be one or more BMSs, for example, three BMSs.

[0031] In some embodiments, the BMS bracket 303 is connected to the bottom wall 130 by a fastening member 305. The connection between the BMS bracket 303 and the bottom wall 130 may be made by screw joining, riveting, welding, etc. In some embodiments, the fastening member 305 may be a bolt.

[0032] Referring to Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8, in some embodiments, the BMS assembly 300 is mounted on the side of the partition plate 190 away from the box cover 110. The BMS assembly 300 and the partition plate 190 may be detachably connected, for example, by screws, snaps, etc. In this way, the distance between the BMS assembly 300 and the partition plate 190 can be reduced, making the overall structure of the high-voltage distribution unit more compact.

[0033] Referring to Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8, in some embodiments, the BMS assembly 300 may be mounted on the side of the transverse frame 180 away from the box cover 110, and the BMS assembly 300 is fixed to the transverse frame 180. The transverse frame 180 is strong, resistant to breakage, and can support the weight of the BMS assembly 300. Referring to Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8, in some embodiments, mounting members may be connected to the side of the BMS assembly 300, and these mounting members can be connected to the side of the transverse frame 180 away from the box cover 110.

[0034] Referring to Figures 3 and 4, in some embodiments, the case 100 further comprises a third side wall 101 and a fourth side wall 103 arranged along a third direction, the third direction being perpendicular to the first direction and perpendicular to the second direction. The partition plate 190 extends in the third direction, and the overcurrent assembly 500 comprises a plurality of relays 501 and a TBOX signal box 503 electrically connected to the BMS assembly 300, the plurality of relays 501 are arranged on the partition plate 190 at intervals along the third direction, and because the plurality of relays 501 are arranged along the direction in which the partition plate 190 extends, there can be a large heat dissipation space between the plurality of relays 501, resulting in good heat dissipation. The TBOX signal box 503 is located on the fourth side wall 103 and is spaced apart from the relays 501. In these embodiments, by arranging multiple relays 501 at intervals along the third direction on the partition plate 190 and arranging the TBOX signal box 503 on the fourth side wall 103, the space within the second mounting chamber 140 can be fully utilized, resulting in a compact structure.

[0035] Here, the TBOX (Telematics BOX) can collect data from each electronic control unit (ECU) of the vehicle, such as engine operating status, vehicle speed, and fault codes. The TBOX signal box integrates and packages this data, and then transmits it to the vehicle manufacturer's background server or other relevant remote service platform via a network (such as a 4G / 5G network). At the same time, the TBOX signal box also receives instructions from the remote end, such as remote vehicle start or door unlocking, and transmits these instructions to the corresponding ECUs in the vehicle for execution.

[0036] Referring to Figure 4, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the TBOX signal box 503 may be located above the relay 501, where above refers to the side of the relay 501 closer to the box cover 110. A certain space exists between the above the relay 501 and the box cover 110. By arranging the TBOX signal box 503 on the fourth side wall 103 and in the space between the above the relay 501 and the box cover 110, the space within the second mounting chamber 140 can be utilized more effectively.

[0037] Referring to Figures 2 and 4, in some embodiments the high-voltage distribution unit further comprises a second connector 400 and an insulating post 600, and the high-voltage distribution unit connects the battery pack via the second connector 400. The second connector 400 is mounted on the second side wall 170, and at least a portion of the second connector 400 is located outside the case 100 to facilitate connection with the battery pack.

[0038] The overcurrent assembly 500 further comprises conductive bars 504, which may include copper conductive bars, aluminum conductive bars, and the like. Components such as relays within the overcurrent assembly 500 are connected to the first connector 200 via the conductive bars 504.

[0039] Since one end of the conductive bar 504 is connected to the side of the relay 501 away from the partition plate 190, a large gap is formed between the conductive bar 504 and the partition plate 190, facilitating heat dissipation and allowing for a compact configuration. At least a portion of the conductive bar 504 together with the partition plate 190 forms a first chamber 104, the other end of the conductive bar 504 is connected to a second connector 400, an insulating post 600 is attached to the first chamber 104, and the opposing ends of the insulating post 600 are connected to the partition plate 190 and the conductive bar 504, respectively. In these embodiments, the support of the conductive bar 504 by the insulating post 600 prevents the conductive bar 504 from applying large pressure to the relay 501, while ensuring a heat dissipation gap (e.g., the first chamber 104) and facilitating heat dissipation of the overcurrent assembly 500. The insulating post 600 can achieve electrical insulation, preventing unwanted current conduction between different circuits and suppressing the occurrence of short circuits between circuits.

[0040] In some embodiments, a first fitting portion is provided at the end of the insulating post 600 closest to the partition plate 190, and the high-voltage distribution unit further comprises a mounting seat 810 fitted to the first fitting portion, the mounting seat 810 being fixed to the side of the partition plate 190 facing the box cover. In these embodiments, the partition plate may be provided with a mounting seat 810 that connects to the insulating post 600 in order to facilitate the positioning of the insulating post 600 and to facilitate the worker attaching the insulating post 600 to the predetermined position on the partition plate 190.

[0041] Referring to Figure 2, the mounting base 810 comprises a support portion 811 and a second fitting portion 813. The support portion 811 is provided with a second chamber 812, the second fitting portion 813 is attached to the side of the support portion 811 away from the partition plate 190, the second fitting portion 813 engages with the first fitting portion 603 to connect the insulating post 600 and the partition plate 190, and the second chamber 812 is located between the second fitting portion 813 and the partition plate 190.

[0042] The insulating post 600 can be securely attached to the partition plate 190 by fitting the second fitting portion of the mounting seat 810 on the partition plate 190 with the first fitting portion 603 of the insulating post 600. In some embodiments, the first fitting portion of the insulating post 600 may be a recess, and the second fitting portion 813 of the mounting seat 810 may be a protrusion that fits into the recess to connect the insulating post 600 and the mounting seat 810. In some embodiments, the first fitting portion of the insulating post 600 is a protrusion, and the second fitting portion 813 of the mounting seat 810 may be a recess, with the protrusion fitting into the recess to connect the insulating post 600 and the mounting seat 810. Furthermore, in these embodiments, providing a second chamber 812 between the second fitting portion and the partition plate 190 contributes to improving heat dissipation performance.

[0043] Referring to Figure 4, in some embodiments, a slot 601 may be provided at the end of the insulating post 600 closest to the box cover, and a through hole may be provided in the conductive bar 504. The high-voltage distribution unit further includes a locking member 820 that sequentially passes through the through hole 505 and the slot 601 to fasten the insulating post 600 and the conductive bar 504. Providing a slot 601 at the end of the insulating post 600 closest to the box cover facilitates the connection between the insulating post 600 and the conductive bar 504.

[0044] In some embodiments, the high-voltage distribution unit may further include a Hall sensor 900, which is electrically connected to a relay 501, electrically connected to a battery pack, and located between a second connector 400 and the relay 501.

[0045] Hall sensors detect current using the principle of magnetic field induction, thus eliminating the need for direct electrical connection to the circuit under test. In a vehicle's high-voltage power distribution unit, Hall sensors can be easily mounted around conductive bars. When current flows through the conductive bars, a magnetic field is generated around them, and the Hall sensor can detect changes in the strength of this magnetic field to determine the magnitude of the current. This non-intrusive measurement method does not interfere with the normal operation of the circuit or have any further impact on the electrical structure inside the PDU. Furthermore, the Hall sensor 900 can also provide important current information to the BMS assembly. Based on this information, the BMS assembly can control the charging and discharging process of the battery pack, for example, by preventing overcharging and over-discharging of the battery pack, ensuring safe and efficient operation of the battery pack, and extending the battery pack's lifespan.

[0046] In the high-voltage distribution unit according to the embodiment of the present invention, the overcurrent assembly 500 and the BMS assembly 300 are arranged in a hierarchical manner in the case 100 along a first direction, thereby making effective use of the space in the length, width, and height directions of the high-voltage distribution unit and making the overall structure of the high-voltage distribution unit more compact.

[0047] According to a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle equipped with the high-voltage power distribution unit described above.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present invention, the internal space of the case 100 is divided into two chambers, a first mounting chamber 120 and a second mounting chamber 140, which are arranged along a first direction. By arranging the BMS assembly 300 and the overcurrent assembly 500 in the second mounting chamber 140 and the first mounting chamber 120, which are distributed along the first direction, the vertical space of the high-voltage distribution unit can be fully utilized, the wiring distance can be shortened, and the high-voltage distribution unit can be made more compact. In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, one end of the harness assembly 700 is connected to the overcurrent assembly 500, and the other end of the harness assembly 700 is connected to the BMS assembly 300 via the wiring space 150 on the BMS assembly 300 side. Within the first mounting chamber 120, the wiring of the harness assembly is more concentrated, the structure is orderly and compact, the space occupied is smaller, and operation and organization by the operator are easier.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present invention, the internal structure of the high-voltage distribution unit is compact, which allows for miniaturization of the high-voltage distribution unit. Here, the length direction of the high-voltage distribution unit corresponds to the length direction of the vehicle, the width direction of the high-voltage distribution unit corresponds to the width direction of the vehicle, and the height direction of the high-voltage distribution unit corresponds to the height direction of the vehicle. As a result, the high-voltage distribution unit can occupy less space in the length direction and width direction of the vehicle, and the space in the height direction of the vehicle can be fully utilized.

[0050] In some embodiments, the high-voltage distribution unit in the embodiments of the present invention can function as a sub-high-voltage distribution unit of a vehicle, and the vehicle may further comprise a main high-voltage distribution unit. The vehicle can perform electrical exchange.

[0051] In the embodiments of this invention, the high-voltage distribution unit (sub-high-voltage distribution unit) can cooperate with the main high-voltage distribution unit, and the sub-high-voltage distribution unit may be directly connected to the battery pack and located inside or outside the battery pack, and it records and manages the current, voltage, etc. of the battery pack. When replacing electrical components, the high-voltage distribution unit (from the high-voltage distribution unit) and the battery pack in the embodiments of this invention can be replaced simultaneously. In some embodiments, the vehicle is capable of performing electrical replacement from the bottom.

[0052] In some embodiments, the slave high-voltage distribution unit and the main high-voltage distribution unit work together to detect the correctness of the connection between the battery and the vehicle's electrical system during the electrical exchange process. If there are loose connections, poor contact, etc., the sub-high-voltage distribution unit or the main high-voltage distribution unit can detect abnormal circuit parameters and warn the user or maintenance personnel via the vehicle's warning system.

[0053] In some embodiments, the high-voltage distribution unit (sub-high-voltage distribution unit) in the embodiments of the present invention may be a high-voltage distribution unit that exchanges power in three branches, and the first connector 200 may be an electrical exchange connector. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0054] 100 cases 110 Box Cover 130 Bottom wall 120 First Installation Room 140 Second Installation Room 150 wiring space 160 First side wall 170 Second side wall 180 horizontal frame 190 partition plates 101 Third side wall 103 Fourth side wall 104 Chamber 1 181 Part 1 182 Part 2 183 Part 3 184 First aspect 185 Second aspect 190 partition plates 200 First connector 210 First connection end 230 Second connection end 300 BMS Assembly 305 Fastening Member 303 BMS Bracket 400 Second connector 500 Overcurrent Assembly 501 Relay 503 TBOX signal box 504 Conductive Bar 505 Through hole 510 Battery-side module 530 Load-side module 600 Insulated Post 601 slots 603 First mating section 700 Harness Assembly 810 Mounting base 811 Support part 812 Second Chamber 813 Second mating section 820 Locking component 900 Hall sensor.

Claims

1. A high-voltage power distribution unit comprising a case (100), a BMS assembly (300), an overcurrent assembly (500), and a harness assembly (700), The case (100) comprises a box cover (110) and a bottom wall (130) arranged along a first direction, and a first mounting chamber (120) and a second mounting chamber (140) are formed between the box cover (110) and the bottom wall (130) along the first direction. The BMS assembly (300) is mounted in the first mounting chamber (120), and a wiring space (150) is formed between one side of the BMS assembly (300) and the case (100) along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the BMS assembly (300) is electrically connected to the battery pack and external electrical equipment, respectively. The overcurrent assembly (500) is mounted in the second mounting chamber (140) and comprises a battery-side module (510) and a load-side module (530) that are electrically connected to each other, wherein the battery-side module (510) is configured to be electrically connected to the battery pack, and the load-side module (530) is configured to be electrically connected to the external electrical equipment. The harness assembly (700) is configured to pass through the wiring space (150) and connect the BMS assembly (300) and the overcurrent assembly (500). High-voltage power distribution unit.

2. The second mounting chamber (140) is provided in close proximity to the box cover (110), The high-voltage power distribution unit further comprises a first connector (200) attached to the box cover (110), The first connector (200) has a first connection end (210) and a second connection end (230), The first connection terminal (210) is located in the second mounting chamber (140) and is electrically connected to the overcurrent assembly (500). The second connection terminal (230) is located on the side of the box cover (110) away from the bottom wall (130) and is configured to be connected to the external electrical equipment. The high-voltage power distribution unit according to claim 1.

3. The case (100) further comprises a first side wall (160) and a second side wall (170) provided along the second direction, The case (100) further comprises a horizontal frame (180) and a partition plate (190) provided between the box cover (110) and the bottom wall (130), wherein the opposing ends of the horizontal frame (180) are fixed to the first side wall (160) and the second side wall (170), respectively, and the partition plate (190) is fixed to the side of the horizontal frame (180) closer to the box cover (110), and the partition plate (190) and the box cover (110) form the second mounting chamber (140), and the overcurrent assembly (500) is attached to the side of the partition plate (190) facing the box cover (110). The high-voltage power distribution unit according to claim 1.

4. The case (100) further comprises a third side wall (101) and a fourth side wall (103) provided along a third direction perpendicular to the first and second directions, and the partition plate (190) extends along the third direction. The overcurrent assembly (500) comprises a plurality of relays (501) and a TBOX signal box (503) electrically connected to the BMS assembly (300), wherein the plurality of relays (501) are provided on the partition plate (190) at intervals along the third direction, and the TBOX signal box (503) is provided on the fourth side wall (103) and at intervals from the relays (501). The high-voltage power distribution unit according to claim 3.

5. The aforementioned high-voltage distribution unit further comprises a second connector (400) and an insulating post (600), The second connector (400) is attached to the second side wall (170), and at least a portion thereof is located outside the case (100) and is configured to be connected to the battery pack. The overcurrent assembly (500) further comprises a conductive bar (504) one end of which is connected to the side of the relay (501) away from the partition plate (190), at least a portion of which together with the partition plate (190) forms a first chamber (104), and the other end of which is connected to the second connector (400), The insulating post (600) is attached to the first chamber (104), and its opposing ends are connected to the partition plate (190) and the conductive bar (504), respectively. The high-voltage power distribution unit according to claim 4.

6. A first fitting portion (603) is provided at the end of the insulating post (600) closest to the partition plate (190). The high-voltage power distribution unit further comprises a mounting seat (810) fitted into the first fitting portion, and the mounting seat (810) is fixed to the side of the partition plate (190) facing the box cover (110). The high-voltage power distribution unit according to claim 5.

7. The mounting base (810) comprises a support portion (811) on which a second chamber (812) is provided, and a second fitting portion (813) attached to the side of the support portion (811) away from the partition plate (190), The second fitting portion (813) is fitted into the first fitting portion (603) to connect the insulating post (600) and the partition plate (190), The second chamber (812) is located between the second fitting portion (813) and the partition plate (190), The high-voltage power distribution unit according to claim 6.

8. A slot (601) is provided at the end of the insulating post (600) closest to the box cover (110), and a through hole (505) is provided in the conductive bar (504). The high-voltage power distribution unit further includes a locking member (820) that passes through the through-hole (505) and the slot (601) in order to fasten the insulating post (600) and the conductive bar (504). The high-voltage power distribution unit according to claim 5.

9. The high-voltage power distribution unit further comprises a Hall sensor (900) electrically connected to the relay (501), The Hall sensor (900) is configured to be electrically connected to the battery pack and is provided between the second connector (400) and the relay (501). The high-voltage power distribution unit according to claim 4.

10. A vehicle equipped with a high-voltage power distribution unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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