Battery control system, battery control method, and program

Abstract

This invention provides a battery control system, battery control method, and program that utilize the resources of multiple energy storage systems and take overall economic efficiency into consideration. [Solution] The battery control system 100, which controls the charging and discharging of batteries 41 in each of the multiple energy storage facilities 4, includes a battery control server 1, a discrepancy determination unit 13 that determines whether there is a discrepancy between the measured value of the amount of electricity output from the receiving point 40 of each energy storage facility 4 to the power grid 5 in the actual supply and demand period and the planned value of the amount of electricity to be output from the receiving point 40 of each energy storage facility 4 to the power grid 5 in the actual supply and demand period, and an overall optimization processing unit 14 that determines whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance in the actual supply and demand period using the multiple energy storage facilities 4 when the discrepancy determination unit 13 determines that there is a discrepancy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery control system, a battery control method, and a program.

Background Art

[0002] Currently, as efforts towards decarbonization progress in various countries around the world, there is a growing interest in "24 / 7 CFE" (24 / 7 Carbon Free Electricity), which is a more advanced concept than the current method of offsetting carbon dioxide emissions generated by a company's business by utilizing renewable energy certificates or the like. "24 / 7 CFE" refers to the concept of supplying power from renewable energy to consumers in such a way that the supply amount meets the demand amount in all time zones. In addition, the technological development of a Virtual Power Plant (VPP) that provides the same functions as a power plant by remotely and integrally controlling distributed energy resources is underway.

[0003] In addition, a power generation system equipped with a renewable energy power source and a battery may be used as a distributed energy resource. For example, "a power generation system having a renewable energy power source and a battery that is charged only from the renewable energy power source and discharges to the power grid, and for each power generation system that sells electricity by reverse power flow of the discharge from the battery to the power grid, a planning unit that creates a charge / discharge plan for the battery and a power generation plan for the power generation system to maximize the predicted value of the electricity sales revenue based on the predicted power generation value of the renewable energy power source and the electricity sales unit price" is disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] The invention described in Patent Document 1 involved creating a charge / discharge plan for the storage battery and a power generation plan for the power generation system that maximized the predicted revenue from electricity sales for each power generation system. Therefore, it did not utilize the resources of multiple power generation systems and did not consider the overall revenue.

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a battery control system, a battery control method, and a program that utilize the resources of multiple energy storage systems and take into account overall economic efficiency. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] This disclosure relates to a battery control system that controls the charging and discharging of batteries in each of a plurality of energy storage systems, comprising: a discrepancy determination means for determining whether there is a discrepancy between a measured value of the amount of power output to the grid from the receiving point of each energy storage system during a controlled time period and a planned value of the amount of power output to the grid from the receiving point of each energy storage system during the controlled time period; and an imbalance avoidance control determination means for determining whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance during the controlled time period using the plurality of energy storage systems if the discrepancy determination means determines that there is a discrepancy.

[0008] Furthermore, in a battery control system, the imbalance avoidance control determination means may, when the deviation determination means determines that there is a deviation, compare the economics of performing imbalance avoidance control with those of not performing imbalance avoidance control, and then decide whether or not to perform imbalance avoidance control.

[0009] Furthermore, the battery control system includes a resolution deadline calculation means for calculating the deadline for resolving the discrepancy in the remaining battery capacity when imbalance avoidance is performed, a threshold price calculation means for calculating a threshold price based on a unit price forecast from the control target time period to the deadline calculated by the resolution deadline calculation means, and a balance calculation means for calculating the assumed balance for the case in which control to avoid imbalance is performed and the case in which it is not performed during the control target time period using the threshold price calculated by the threshold price calculation means, and the imbalance avoidance control determination means may compare each assumed balance calculated by the balance calculation means to determine whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance.

[0010] Furthermore, in the battery control system, if the deviation determination means determines that there is a deviation, the system may include a deviation state determination means that determines whether there is a surplus or shortage of power from the measured value and the planned value, and the resolution deadline calculation means may calculate the time until the remaining battery amount calculated from the planned value reaches the upper limit by avoiding imbalance if the deviation state determination means determines that there is a surplus, and calculate the time until the remaining battery amount reaches the lower limit by avoiding imbalance if the deviation state determination means determines that there is a shortage, as the deadline.

[0011] Furthermore, in a battery control system, the threshold price calculation means may, when the deviation state determination means determines that there is a surplus, calculate the threshold price of the surplus imbalance using the highest unit price forecast up to the deadline calculated by the resolution deadline calculation means and a preset risk preference. If the deviation state determination means determines that there is a shortage, the threshold price of the shortage imbalance may be calculated using the lowest unit price forecast up to the deadline calculated by the resolution deadline calculation means and a preset risk preference.

[0012] Furthermore, in the battery control system, the imbalance avoidance control determination means may determine to perform the imbalance avoidance control if the assumed balance when imbalance avoidance control is performed during the control target time period is the same as, or better than, the assumed balance when imbalance avoidance control is not performed.

[0013] Furthermore, the battery control system includes: a planned amount calculation means that calculates the charge and discharge amount during the controlled period based on the planned value of the amount of power at the power receiving point of each energy storage system during the controlled period; a control instruction output means that generates control instruction data for the batteries based on the charge and discharge amount calculated by the planned amount calculation means and outputs the control instruction data to each energy storage system; and a measurement value receiving means that receives the measured value of the amount of power at the power receiving point, wherein the deviation determination means may determine whether or not there is a deviation between the measured value received by the measurement value receiving means and the planned value.

[0014] Furthermore, the battery control system may include an estimation calculation means that calculates an estimated landing amount for the control target time period from the measured values ​​for the control target time period received by the measured value receiving means, and the imbalance avoidance control determination means determines whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance during the control target time period using the multiple energy storage systems when there is a discrepancy between the estimated landing amount calculated by the estimation calculation means and the charge / discharge amount calculated by the planned amount calculation means, and the control instruction output means may generate control instruction data to resolve the imbalance and output it to each energy storage system when the imbalance avoidance control determination means determines that control to avoid imbalance should be performed.

[0015] Furthermore, in the battery control system, the imbalance avoidance control determination means may determine whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance if the deviation determination means determines that there is a deviation in each energy storage system, and if, during the control target time period, it is not possible to control each energy storage system to match the measured value to the planned value.

[0016] Furthermore, the battery control system may include a means for acquiring planned values ​​from an external device to obtain a charge / discharge plan that includes at least a predicted power generation value, a predicted demand value, and a planned value at the power receiving point of the energy storage system.

[0017] Furthermore, in a battery control system, the energy storage system may store electricity generated from renewable energy sources in the battery and discharge it to the grid.

[0018] Furthermore, this disclosure relates to a battery control method that includes a battery control system for controlling the charging and discharging of batteries in each of a plurality of energy storage systems, comprising: a discrepancy determination step for determining whether there is a discrepancy between a measured value of the amount of power output to the grid from the power receiving point of each energy storage system during a controlled time period and a planned value of the amount of power output to the grid from the power receiving point of each energy storage system during the controlled time period; and an imbalance avoidance control determination step for determining whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance during the controlled time period using the plurality of energy storage systems if a discrepancy is determined in the discrepancy determination step.

[0019] Furthermore, this disclosure relates to a program for causing a computer that controls the charging and discharging of batteries in each of a plurality of energy storage systems to function as a discrepancy determination means for determining whether there is a discrepancy between the measured value of the amount of power output to the grid from the power receiving point of each energy storage system during the controlled time period and the planned value of the amount of power output to the grid from the power receiving point of each energy storage system during the controlled time period, and an imbalance avoidance control determination means for determining whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance during the controlled time period using the plurality of energy storage systems if the discrepancy determination means determines that there is a discrepancy. [Effects of the Invention]

[0020] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a battery control system, a battery control method, and a program that utilize the resources of multiple energy storage systems and take into account overall economic efficiency.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] [Figure 1] It is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the battery control system according to this embodiment and the functional blocks of each device. [Figure 2] It is a diagram for explaining the flow of processing in the battery control system according to this embodiment. [Figure 3] It is a graph for explaining the landing prediction in the battery control server according to this embodiment. [Figure 4] It is a graph showing the data transition related to the excess of the amount of electric power in the battery control server according to this embodiment. [Figure 5] It is a graph showing the data transition related to the shortage of the amount of electric power in the battery control server according to this embodiment. [Figure 6] It is a flowchart showing the imbalance avoidance control determination process in the battery control server according to this embodiment.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0022] Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that this is merely an example, and the technical scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. (Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the battery control system 100 according to this embodiment and the functional blocks of each device.

[0023] The battery control system 100 is a system for realizing the power supply to consumers by "24 / 7 CFE" (24 / 7 carbon-free power) by operating a plurality of power storage facilities equipped with off-site batteries (grid-connected batteries and renewable energy co-located batteries), on-site batteries, and other renewable energy power sources. The battery control system 100 appropriately executes the control of the batteries in the power storage facilities based on the supply plan, focusing on ensuring the carbon-free power amount (CFE amount) and optimizing the imbalance charge. Here, a grid-connected battery refers to a battery connected to the power grid, while a renewable energy-integrated battery refers to a battery installed within the site of a power generation facility.

[0024] The battery control system 100 shown in Figure 1 comprises a battery control server 1, an edge terminal 3, a battery storage facility 4, a power grid 5, and a planned value setting server 6 (external device). The battery control server 1 is connected to multiple edge terminals 3 and a planning value setting server 6 via a communication network. The communication network is, for example, an internet connection. The battery control server 1 obtains charge and discharge plans for the batteries 41 of each energy storage facility 4 from the planning value server 6. The battery control server 1 also transmits control instruction data for controlling the batteries 41 in each energy storage facility 4 to the edge terminals 3 connected to the energy storage facilities 4. The energy storage facility 4 is connected to the power grid 5 as part of the power supply network. The power grid 5 is equipment for supplying electricity to the power receiving facilities of consumers.

[0025] [Battery control server 1] The battery control server 1 controls the battery 41 based on the charge and discharge plan for the battery 41 obtained from the planning value server 6. In addition, by measuring the power at the power receiving point 40 of each energy storage facility 4, even if the power demand or supply amount deviates from the charge and discharge plan, the battery control system 100 as a whole controls the battery 41 to ensure carbon-free power and optimize imbalance charges while considering economic benefits, and updates the charge and discharge plan. Battery control server 1 is, for example, a server provided by a virtual power plant (VPP) operator.

[0026] The battery control server 1 comprises a control unit 10, a storage unit 20, and a communication interface unit 29. The control unit 10 is a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that controls the entire battery control server 1. The control unit 10 works in cooperation with the aforementioned hardware to perform various functions by appropriately reading and executing programs stored in the memory unit 20. The control unit 10 includes a planned value acquisition processing unit 11, a measured value receiving unit 12, a deviation determination unit 13, a control instruction generation unit 15, and a control instruction output unit 16.

[0027] The planned value acquisition processing unit 11 functions as a means for acquiring planned values ​​and a means for calculating planned amounts. The planned value acquisition processing unit 11 acquires charge and discharge plans for the batteries 41 of each energy storage facility 4 from the planned value formulation server 6. The planned value acquisition processing unit 11 can acquire a charge and discharge plan that includes the planned value of the amount of electricity at the future power receiving point 40, including the actual supply and demand period, and the predicted values ​​of generation and demand, up to a predetermined time (for example, 5 minutes) before the actual supply and demand period (controlled time period). Here, the actual supply and demand period is the unit to be controlled, for example, 30 minutes, which is the bidding unit of JEPX (Japan Electric Power Exchange). In addition, the charge and discharge plan acquired from the planned value formulation server 6 is finalized up to 1 hour before the start of the actual supply and demand period. Then, the planned value acquisition processing unit 11 calculates the charge and discharge amounts in the actual supply and demand period based on the planned values ​​of the amount of electricity at the power receiving point 40 of each energy storage facility 4 in the actual supply and demand period.

[0028] The measurement value receiving unit 12 functions as a means for receiving measurement values. The measurement value receiving unit 12 receives the measured amount of energy output from the energy storage facility 4 at the power receiving point 40 to the power system 5 via the edge terminal 3. For example, the measurement value receiving unit 12 receives the measured amount of energy at the power receiving point 40 every minute or every 5 minutes via the edge terminal 3. The deviation determination unit 13 functions as a means for determining deviations. The deviation determination unit 13 determines whether there is a deviation between the measured value of the amount of electricity at the power receiving point 40 of each energy storage facility 4 received by the measurement value receiving unit 12 and the planned value of the amount of electricity at the power receiving point 40 of each energy storage facility 4 in the actual supply and demand period calculated by the planned value acquisition processing unit 11.

[0029] The overall optimization processing unit 14 has the functions of an estimated calculation means, a resolution deadline calculation means, a threshold price calculation means, a revenue and expenditure calculation means, and an imbalance avoidance control judgment means. When the deviation determination unit 13 determines that there is a deviation, the overall optimization processing unit 14 determines whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance in the actual supply and demand frame using multiple energy storage facilities 4. More specifically, the overall optimization processing unit 14 calculates the expected end date in the actual supply and demand period from the measured power consumption values, and if there is a discrepancy between the calculated expected end date and the charge / discharge amount calculated by the planned value acquisition processing unit 11, it decides whether or not to perform battery control to avoid imbalance in the actual supply and demand period using multiple energy storage facilities 4.

[0030] The overall optimization processing unit 14 calculates the time limit for resolving the discrepancy in the remaining battery capacity when imbalance is avoided, and calculates a threshold price based on the unit price forecast for that time limit calculated from the actual supply and demand timeframe. If the deviation determination unit 13 determines that there is a deviation, the overall optimization processing unit 14 determines whether there is a surplus or shortage of power based on the measured power amount and the planned value. The deadline for resolving the deviation in the remaining battery capacity when imbalance avoidance is determined by the overall optimization processing unit 14. If the overall optimization processing unit 14 determines that there is a surplus, it is the time until the remaining battery capacity calculated from the planned power amount reaches the upper limit by imbalance avoidance. If the overall optimization processing unit 14 determines that there is a shortage, it is the time until the remaining battery capacity calculated from the planned power amount reaches the lower limit by imbalance avoidance.

[0031] Then, if the overall optimization processing unit 14 determines that there is a surplus of electricity, it calculates a threshold price for the surplus imbalance using the highest predicted unit price up to the deadline and a pre-set risk preference. If it determines that there is a shortage of electricity, it calculates a threshold price for the shortage imbalance using the lowest predicted unit price up to the deadline and a pre-set risk preference.

[0032] Next, the overall optimization processing unit 14 uses a threshold price to calculate the assumed balance for each case: when battery control is performed to avoid imbalance in the actual supply and demand slot, and when it is not. Then, the overall optimization processing unit 14 compares the calculated assumed balances to determine whether or not to perform battery control to avoid imbalance. More specifically, the overall optimization processing unit 14 decides to perform battery control to avoid imbalance in the actual supply and demand slot if the assumed balance when battery control to avoid imbalance is performed is the same as, or better than, the assumed balance when battery control to avoid imbalance is not performed.

[0033] The control instruction generation unit 15 functions as a control instruction output means. Before the start of the actual supply and demand period, the control instruction generation unit 15 generates control instruction data for the storage battery 41 based on the charge and discharge amounts in the actual supply and demand period calculated by the planned value acquisition processing unit 11. The control instruction data generated here includes instructions for the duration of the actual supply and demand period. Furthermore, when the overall optimization processing unit 14 determines that battery control should be performed to avoid imbalance, the control instruction generation unit 15 generates control instruction data to resolve the imbalance in the actual supply and demand frame. The control instruction output unit 16 functions as a control instruction output means. The control instruction output unit 16 issues control instructions to the batteries 41 of each energy storage facility 4 by outputting the control instruction data generated by the control instruction generation unit 15 to the edge terminal 3.

[0034] The storage unit 20 is a storage area such as a hard disk or semiconductor memory element for storing programs, data, etc., necessary for the control unit 10 to perform various processes. The storage unit 20 includes a program storage unit 21, a planned value storage unit 22, and a unit price forecast storage unit 23. The program storage unit 21 is a storage area that stores application programs for executing the various functions performed by the control unit 10 described above. Note that multiple application programs may be used to execute the various functions performed by the control unit 10.

[0035] The planned value storage unit 22 is a storage area that stores the charge / discharge plan, including the power receiving point planned value and power generation and demand forecast values, which the planned value acquisition processing unit 11 has acquired from the planned value formulation server 6. The unit price forecast storage unit 23 is a storage area for storing unit price forecasts. The unit price forecast storage unit 23 stores unit price forecasts obtained, for example, from an external device (not shown) or input from an input unit (not shown). The unit price forecast includes imbalance forecasts and market price forecasts. For imbalance processing, the imbalance forecast is used, and for charge / discharge processing according to the plan, the market price forecast is used.

[0036] The communication interface unit 29 is an interface for communicating with each edge terminal 3 and the planning value setting server 6, etc. Furthermore, a computer refers to an information processing device equipped with a control unit, memory device, etc., and the battery control server 1 is an information processing device equipped with a control unit 10, a memory unit 20, etc., and is included in the concept of a computer. Furthermore, the battery control server 1 may be implemented not as a single server, but as a combination of multiple servers, or at least a portion of it may be cloud-based.

[0037] [Edge terminal 3] The edge terminal 3 is a terminal that is communicatively connected between the battery control server 1 and the energy storage facility 4, and controls the energy storage facility 4. The edge terminal 3 is installed, for example, in the vicinity of the energy storage facility 4. The edge terminal 3 controls the battery 41 of the energy storage facility 4 based on control instruction data received from the battery control server 1. The edge terminal 3 also transmits the measured power amount at the power receiving point 40, received from the energy storage facility 4, to the battery control server 1.

[0038] The edge terminal 3 is, for example, a personal computer (PC). The edge terminal 3 may also be an embedded device incorporated into the energy storage facility 4. The edge terminal 3, although not shown in the diagram, includes a control unit, a storage unit, an input unit, a display unit, a communication interface unit, and the like.

[0039] [Energy storage facility 4] As described above, the energy storage facility 4 is a facility that combines off-site batteries (grid batteries and batteries integrated with renewable energy), on-site batteries, and other renewable energy sources. The energy storage facility 4 is arranged so that the power receiving point 40, the batteries 41, and the renewable energy sources 42 are connected to the power grid 5. The energy storage facility 4 controls the batteries 41 based on control instruction data from the edge terminal 3.

[0040] The power receiving point 40 is the point of demarcation between the electrical installations of the electric utility (power company, etc.) and the electrical installations of the electricity consumer. The energy storage facility 4 supplies power from the power receiving point 40 to the power grid 5. The battery 41 is a charging device that has the function of storing electricity. Renewable energy sources 42, unlike fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and natural gas which are finite resources, are power sources that utilize energy that is always present in nature, such as solar, wind, and geothermal energy, which are part of the Earth's resources. Renewable energy sources 42 also include electricity generated from hydrogen. In Figure 1, the energy storage facility 4 is shown as an example equipped with a renewable energy source 42, but it is not limited to this. It may also consist only of a battery 41 without a renewable energy source 42.

[0041] [Planning Value Formulation Server 6] The planning value formulation server 6 is a server that formulates a charge / discharge plan, including power receiving point planning values ​​and power generation and demand forecast values, based on at least power generation forecasts and demand forecasts. The planning value formulation server 6 may be provided by, for example, a business operator equipped with the battery control server 1, or by another business operator. The planned value formulation server 6, although not shown in the figure, comprises at least a control unit, a storage unit, and a communication interface unit.

[0042] [Explanation of the process] Next, the processing of the battery control system 100 will be described. Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating the processing flow in the battery control system 100 according to this embodiment. Figure 3 is a graph G1 illustrating the expected landing date in the battery control server 1 according to this embodiment. Figure 4 is a graph G2 showing the data transitions related to the surplus of power in the battery control server 1 according to this embodiment. Figure 5 is graph G3, which shows the data transitions related to power shortage in the battery control server 1 according to this embodiment.

[0043] In step S1 of Figure 2 (hereinafter referred to simply as "S"), the control unit 10 (planned value acquisition processing unit 11) of the battery control server 1 acquires the charge and discharge plans for each energy storage facility 4 in the actual supply and demand period from the planned value formulation server 6. The charge and discharge warning includes the planned value of the amount of electricity at the power receiving point 40 and the predicted values ​​of generation and demand. Then, the control unit 10 (planned value acquisition processing unit 11) calculates the charge and discharge amounts in the actual supply and demand period based on the planned value of the amount of electricity at the power receiving point 40 of each energy storage facility 4 in the actual supply and demand period.

[0044] In S2, the control unit 10 (control instruction generation unit 15) generates control instruction data for the battery 41 based on the charge and discharge amounts in the actual supply and demand period calculated in the processing of S1. Then, the control unit 10 (control instruction output unit 16) controls the battery 41 in the actual supply and demand period based on the generated control instruction data. The S1 and S2 processes are carried out before the actual supply and demand cycle begins.

[0045] In the actual supply and demand timeframe, the processes described below from S3 onwards are repeated in each cycle. Here, the cycle is, for example, every minute or every 5 minutes. In S3, the control unit 10 (measurement value receiving unit 12) receives the measured value of the amount of electricity output from the energy storage facility 4 at the power receiving point 40 to the power system 5 from the edge terminal 3.

[0046] In S4, the control unit 10 (deviation determination unit 13) determines whether there is a discrepancy between the planned value of the amount of power at the power receiving point 40 of each energy storage facility 4 and the measured value of the amount of power received in processing S3. More specifically, the control unit 10 calculates the charge and discharge amount based on the planned value of the amount of power at the power receiving point 40, the expected end date, and the remaining time of the actual supply and demand period, using simultaneous equal-amount control for each energy storage facility 4 to avoid imbalance. If the calculated charge and discharge amount matches the planned value of the amount of power, that is, if it is possible to control each energy storage facility 4 to match the planned value, the control unit 10 assumes there is no discrepancy and moves the process to S8. On the other hand, if the calculated charge and discharge amount does not match the planned value, the control unit 10 moves the process to S5.

[0047] In S5, the control unit 10 (overall optimization processing unit 14) calculates the expected landing point from the measured power amount at the power receiving point 40, the slope of the power amount within the sampling time, and the remaining time of the actual supply and demand time slot. As shown in graph G1 of Figure 3, the projected landing time can be calculated using the following formula, where T is the time of the actual supply and demand interval and t is the current time.

number

[0048] In S6 of Figure 2, the control unit 10 (overall optimization processing unit 14) uses the aggregated landing forecast calculated in processing S5 to determine whether or not to perform battery control to avoid imbalance in the current actual supply and demand frame. First, the control unit 10 (overall optimization processing unit 14) determines whether there is a surplus or shortage of energy based on the measured and planned values ​​of energy. Here, an energy surplus means that the amount of power generated is greater than the amount of power charged, and an energy shortage means that the amount of power generated plus the amount of power discharged is less than or equal to the demand. Next, the control unit 10 (overall optimization processing unit 14) performs the following processing.

[0049] First, let's explain the case of a surplus of electricity. Figure 4 shows an example of graph G2 in the case of a surplus of electricity. For simplicity, graph G2 represents the case where the deviation from the pre-planned battery capacity is 0, and is expressed in comparison with price.

[0050] (1) Calculate the deadline by which the discrepancy in battery capacity after imbalance avoidance must be resolved. Calculate the charge / discharge amount and remaining capacity of battery 41 from the planned value of electricity, and determine the time frame (time period) until the battery capacity deviates from the planned value due to imbalance avoidance and reaches the required level. In graph G2 of Figure 4, the period t2, where the current time is denoted as time t, represents the time until the battery level reaches the upper limit of the State of Charge (SOC), which indicates the charge rate, due to the deviation from the planned level.

[0051] (2) Compare the current actual supply and demand period with the predicted unit price for the period until the expiration date. In doing so, calculate a threshold price based on the lowest and highest prices for this period (period t2) and a pre-set risk preference. The threshold price is introduced to provide a buffer from the economically optimal price, taking into account fluctuations in the unit price forecast. It is assumed to be the most pessimistic price when correcting the deviation from the planned battery capacity. Here, the threshold price is in the relationship "lowest price ≤ threshold price < highest price".

[0052] (3) Calculate the projected balance of income and expenses under the current supply and demand conditions, both with and without imbalance avoidance. The projected balance (actual) after avoiding imbalances is expressed by the following formula. Projected balance (actual) = (Current deviation from planned battery capacity + amount of imbalance to be avoided by current actual supply and demand) × (threshold price) The projected balance (non-implementation) if imbalance avoidance is not implemented is expressed by the following formula. Projected balance (not implemented) = (Amount of imbalance to be avoided with current actual supply and demand) × (Current price) + (Deviation from current battery capacity plan) × (Threshold price)

[0053] (4) If projected balance (implemented) ≥ projected balance (not implemented), imbalance avoidance measures will be taken. In graph G2 of Figure 4, in box f2, the unit price forecast is lower than the threshold price. Therefore, by charging the storage battery 41, discharge at the low imbalance unit price is avoided. As a post-processing measure, if there is a discrepancy in the battery capacity, the battery will be discharged through separate market transactions, etc., and if there is a discrepancy in the discharge amount, the charge / discharge plan will be revised.

[0054] Next, we will explain the case of insufficient power supply. Figure 5 shows an example of graph G3 in the case of a power shortage. (1) Calculate the deadline by which the discrepancy in battery remaining capacity after imbalance avoidance must be resolved. Calculate the charge / discharge amount and remaining capacity of battery 41 from the planned energy consumption, and determine the number of intervals until the battery remaining capacity reaches the required level after the energy consumption deviates from the plan due to imbalance avoidance. In graph G3 of Figure 5, the period t3, where the current time is denoted as time t, represents the period until the battery capacity deviates from the plan and reaches the lower limit of the State of Charge (SOC).

[0055] (2) Compare the current actual supply and demand timeframe with the predicted unit price of timeframes up to the expiration date. In doing so, calculate a threshold price based on the lowest and highest prices for this period (period t3) and a pre-set risk preference level. Here, the threshold price is in the relationship "lowest price < threshold price ≤ highest price". (3) Calculate the projected balance with and without imbalance avoidance using the current actual supply and demand frame. The formula for calculating the projected balance is the same as the one used for the surplus of electricity above, but the deficit is used as a negative amount in the calculation. (4) If projected balance (implemented) ≥ projected balance (not implemented), imbalance avoidance measures will be taken.

[0056] In graph G3 of Figure 5, the predicted unit price in box f3 is higher than the threshold price. Therefore, discharging is performed to avoid imbalance at an expensive imbalance unit price. As a post-processing measure, if there is a discrepancy in the battery capacity, the amount of discharge to the power system 5 will be reduced and the amount of charge to the battery 41 will be increased. If a discrepancy in the discharge amount occurs, the charge / discharge plan will be revised.

[0057] The determination of the imbalance avoidance control described above will be explained based on Figure 6. Figure 6 is a flowchart showing the imbalance avoidance control decision process in the battery control server 1 according to this embodiment. Figure 6 shows that processing is initiated when an imbalance is detected in any of the energy storage facilities 4.

[0058] In S11, the control unit 10 (overall optimization processing unit 14) determines whether or not there is a surplus of energy. If there is a surplus of energy (S11: YES), the control unit 10 moves the process to S12. On the other hand, if there is no surplus of energy (S11: NO), the control unit 10 moves the process to S15. In S12, the control unit 10 (overall optimization processing unit 14) determines whether the planned value and the imbalance amount are greater than the demand. If the planned value and the imbalance amount are greater than the demand (S12: YES), the control unit 10 moves the process to S14. On the other hand, if the planned value and the imbalance amount are not greater than the demand (S12: NO), the control unit 10 moves the process to S13.

[0059] In S13, the control unit 10 (overall optimization processing unit 14) determines, based on the unit price forecast, whether or not a resolution is necessary in the current supply and demand slot. If a resolution is necessary in the current supply and demand slot (S13: YES), the control unit 10 moves the process to S14. On the other hand, if a resolution is not necessary in the current supply and demand slot (S13: NO), the control unit 10 terminates this process without taking any action. In S14, the control unit 10 (overall optimization processing unit 14) performs charging and other imbalance avoidance and terminates this process.

[0060] On the other hand, in S15, the control unit 10 (overall optimization processing unit 14) determines, based on the unit price forecast, whether or not a resolution is necessary in the current actual supply and demand slot. If a resolution is necessary in the current actual supply and demand slot (S15: YES), the control unit 10 moves the process to S16. On the other hand, if a resolution is not necessary in the current actual supply and demand slot (S15: NO), the control unit 10 terminates this process without doing anything. In S16, the control unit 10 (overall optimization processing unit 14) performs an imbalance avoidance such as discharge and terminates the process.

[0061] In S7 of Figure 2, the control unit 10 (overall optimization processing unit 14) prioritizes resources on the power generation side and allocates the entire required amount, including resources on the demand side. In S8, if the control unit 10 (control instruction generation unit 15) has transitioned from the processing in S4, it generates control instruction data for the battery 41 until the end of the actual supply and demand period based on the planned value of the power amount. Furthermore, if the control unit 10 (control instruction generation unit 15) transitions from the processing in S7, it generates control instruction data for the storage battery 41 related to the allocated amount. Then, the control unit 10 (control instruction output unit 16) controls the storage battery 41 in the actual supply and demand period based on the generated control instruction data. Subsequently, the control unit 10 moves on to processing S3, and repeatedly performs the processes from S3 to S8 between actual supply and demand periods.

[0062] Thus, the battery control system 100 of this embodiment has the following advantages. (1) The battery control server 1 determines whether there is a discrepancy between the measured amount of electricity output from the receiving point 40 of each energy storage facility 4 to the power grid 5 in the actual supply and demand period and the planned amount of electricity to be output from the receiving point 40 of each energy storage facility 4 to the power grid in the actual supply and demand period. If a discrepancy is determined, the server determines whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance in the actual supply and demand period using multiple energy storage facilities 4. Therefore, it is possible to use the resources of multiple energy storage facilities 4 to determine the overall control of multiple energy storage facilities 4.

[0063] (2) When the battery control server 1 determines that there is a discrepancy between the measured amount of electricity output from the receiving point 40 of each energy storage facility 4 to the power grid 5 in the actual supply and demand period and the planned amount of electricity to be output from the receiving point 40 of each energy storage facility 4 to the power grid in the actual supply and demand period, it compares the economics of performing imbalance avoidance control with and without performing imbalance avoidance control, and decides whether or not to perform imbalance avoidance control. Therefore, by utilizing the resources of multiple energy storage facilities 4, it is possible to create a system that takes overall economic efficiency into consideration.

[0064] (3) The battery control server 1 calculates the time limit until the discrepancy in battery capacity is resolved when imbalance is avoided, calculates a threshold price based on the unit price forecast up to the time limit calculated from the actual supply and demand slots, uses the calculated threshold price to calculate the assumed balance for each case, with and without the control to avoid imbalance in the actual supply and demand slots, compares the calculated assumed balances to decide whether or not to perform the control to avoid imbalance. Therefore, the overall economic viability can be judged by comparing it with the assumed income and expenditure calculated from the threshold price within the time limit.

[0065] (4) When the battery control server 1 determines that there is a discrepancy between the measured amount of electricity output from the receiving point 40 of each energy storage facility 4 to the power grid 5 in an actual supply and demand period and the planned amount of electricity to be output from the receiving point 40 of each energy storage facility 4 to the power grid in an actual supply and demand period, it determines whether there is a surplus or shortage of electricity based on the measured and planned amounts. If a surplus of electricity is determined, it calculates the time until the remaining battery capacity calculated from the planned amount of electricity reaches the upper limit by avoiding imbalance as a deadline. If a shortage of electricity is determined, it calculates the time until the remaining battery capacity reaches the lower limit by avoiding imbalance as a deadline. Therefore, the timeframe for considering economic efficiency can be set to match the battery capacity.

[0066] (5) When the battery control server 1 determines that there is a surplus of electricity, it calculates a threshold price for the surplus imbalance based on the highest predicted unit price up to the calculated deadline and a pre-set risk preference. When it determines that there is a shortage of electricity, it calculates a threshold price for the shortage imbalance based on the lowest predicted unit price up to the calculated deadline and a pre-set risk preference. Therefore, the threshold price for considering economic viability can be different depending on whether there is a surplus or shortage of electricity.

[0067] (6) The battery control server 1 is configured to decide to perform battery control to avoid imbalance in actual supply and demand units if the assumed balance when battery control is performed to avoid imbalance is the same as, or better than, the assumed balance when battery control is not performed to avoid imbalance. Therefore, it is possible to optimize imbalance charges at the time of processing of the actual supply and demand slot.

[0068] (7) The battery control server 1 calculates the charge and discharge amount in the actual supply and demand period based on the planned value of the amount of electricity at the power receiving point 40 of each energy storage facility 4 in the actual supply and demand period, generates control instruction data for the batteries 41 based on the calculated charge and discharge amount, outputs the control instruction data to each energy storage facility 4, receives the measured value of the amount of electricity at the power receiving point 40, and determines whether or not there is a discrepancy between the received measured value and the planned value. Therefore, at the start of the actual supply and demand cycle, control instructions for the charge and discharge amount based on the planned value of the power quantity can be given to the storage battery 41. In addition, during the cycle of the actual supply and demand cycle, the deviation of the power quantity at that point can be determined by determining whether or not there is a discrepancy between the measured value of the power quantity at the power receiving point 40 and the planned value.

[0069] (8) The battery control server 1 calculates the expected end date for the actual supply and demand period from the measured amount of electricity in the actual supply and demand period, and if there is a discrepancy between the calculated expected end date and the calculated charge and discharge amount, it decides whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance in the actual supply and demand period using multiple energy storage facilities 4, and if it decides to perform control to avoid imbalance, it generates control instruction data to resolve the imbalance and outputs it to each energy storage facility 4. Therefore, by calculating the expected landing amount from the measured power quantity, the discrepancy with the charge / discharge amount can be confirmed. In addition, when performing control to avoid imbalance, a control instruction to resolve the imbalance is output to each energy storage facility 4, allowing each energy storage facility 4 to perform the necessary processing.

[0070] (9) The battery control server 1 is configured to determine whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance when it determines that there is a discrepancy between the planned value and the measured value of the amount of electricity in each energy storage facility 4, and furthermore, when it is not possible to control the measured value of the amount of electricity in each energy storage facility 4 to match the planned value in the actual supply and demand frame. Therefore, the decision of whether or not to implement control to avoid imbalance can now be limited to cases where, at present, it is not possible to control the actual supply and demand unit to match the measured value of electricity to the planned value.

[0071] (10) The battery control server 1 is configured to obtain a charge / discharge plan from the planning value formulation server 6, which includes at least the predicted power generation value and the predicted demand value, as well as the planned value at the power receiving point 40 of the energy storage facility 4. Therefore, the charge and discharge plans obtained from the planning server 6 can be used to control the batteries 41 of each energy storage facility 4.

[0072] (11) The energy storage facility 4 stores electricity generated by renewable energy sources 42 in a battery 41 and discharges it to the power grid 5. Therefore, a battery control system 100 can be realized that utilizes the resources of multiple energy storage facilities 4 and takes overall economic efficiency into consideration.

[0073] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Furthermore, the effects described in the embodiments are merely a list of the most preferred effects arising from the present invention, and the effects of the present invention are not limited to those described in the embodiments. The embodiments described above and the modified forms described later can be used in combination as appropriate, but a detailed explanation is omitted.

[0074] (Transformed form) (1) In this embodiment, the number of energy storage facilities 4 is not mentioned, but it may include a large number of energy storage facilities 4 located in various regions.

[0075] (2) In this embodiment, a system has been described in which the battery 41 is controlled based on the charge / discharge plan of the battery 41 obtained from the planning value formulation server 6, but the system is not limited to this. The battery control server 1 may also be configured to have the functions of the planning value formulation server 6. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0076] 1. Battery control server 3 Edge devices 4. Energy storage facilities 5 Power system 6. Server for formulating planned values 10 Control Unit 11. Planned Value Acquisition Processing Unit 12 Measurement Value Reception Section 13. Discrepancy Determination Unit 14 Overall Optimization Processing Unit 15 Control instruction generation unit 16 Control instruction output unit 20 Memory section 22 Planned Value Storage Unit 23. Unit Price Prediction Memory Unit 40. Power receiving point 41 Storage Battery 42 Renewable energy sources 100 Battery Control System G1, G2, G3 graphs

Claims

1. A battery control system that controls the charging and discharging of batteries in each of multiple energy storage systems, A discrepancy determination means for determining whether there is a discrepancy between the measured amount of electricity output to the grid from the receiving point of each energy storage system during the controlled time period and the planned amount of electricity to be output to the grid from the receiving point of each energy storage system during the controlled time period, An imbalance avoidance control determination means determines whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance during the controlled time period using the multiple energy storage systems when the aforementioned imbalance determination means determines that there is a discrepancy, A battery control system equipped with this feature.

2. In the battery control system according to claim 1, The battery control system includes an imbalance avoidance control determination means which, when the deviation determination means determines that there is a deviation, compares the economics of performing imbalance avoidance control with that of not performing imbalance avoidance control, and determines whether or not to perform imbalance avoidance control.

3. In the battery control system according to claim 1, A means for calculating the deadline for resolving the discrepancy in battery capacity when imbalance avoidance is performed, A threshold price calculation means that calculates a threshold price based on the unit price forecast from the controlled time period to the deadline calculated by the resolution deadline calculation means, A profit and loss calculation means calculates the expected profit and loss for each case in which control to avoid imbalances is performed and not performed during the controlled time period, using the threshold price calculated by the threshold price calculation means. Equipped with, The aforementioned imbalance avoidance control determination means is a battery control system that compares each assumed balance calculated by the balance calculation means and determines whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance.

4. In the battery control system according to claim 3, If the aforementioned deviation determination means determines that there is a deviation, the system is further provided with a deviation state determination means that determines whether there is a surplus or shortage of power based on the measured value and the planned value. The aforementioned elimination deadline calculation means calculates the time until the remaining battery capacity calculated from the planned value reaches the upper limit by avoiding imbalance when the deviation state determination means determines that there is a surplus, and calculates the time until the remaining battery capacity reaches the lower limit by avoiding imbalance when the deviation state determination means determines that there is a shortage, as the deadline for a battery control system.

5. In the battery control system according to claim 4, A battery control system wherein the threshold price calculation means calculates the threshold price of the surplus imbalance based on the highest unit price forecast up to the deadline calculated by the resolution deadline calculation means and a preset risk preference when the deviation state determination means determines that there is a surplus, and calculates the threshold price of the deficit imbalance based on the lowest unit price forecast up to the deadline calculated by the resolution deadline calculation means and a preset risk preference when the deviation state determination means determines that there is a deficit.

6. In the battery control system according to claim 3, The battery control system includes an imbalance avoidance control determination means which determines to perform the imbalance avoidance control if the assumed balance when imbalance avoidance control is performed during the control target time period is the same as, or better than, the assumed balance when imbalance avoidance control is not performed.

7. In the battery control system according to claim 1, A planned amount calculation means that calculates the charge and discharge amount during the controlled time period based on the planned value of the amount of power at the receiving point of each energy storage system during the controlled time period, A control instruction output means generates control instruction data for the battery based on the charge / discharge amount calculated by the planning amount calculation means and outputs the control instruction data to each energy storage system, A measurement value receiving means for receiving measured values ​​of the amount of power at the power receiving point, Equipped with, The aforementioned deviation determination means is a battery control system that determines whether or not there is a deviation between the measured value received by the measured value receiving means and the planned value.

8. In the battery control system according to claim 7, The measurement value receiving means includes an estimation calculation means that calculates the estimated landing time for the controlled time period from the measurement values ​​received during the controlled time period, The imbalance avoidance control determination means determines whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance during the control target time period using the multiple energy storage systems when there is a discrepancy between the estimated landing amount calculated by the estimated calculation means and the charge / discharge amount calculated by the planned amount calculation means. The control instruction output means is a battery control system that, when the imbalance avoidance control determination means determines that control should be performed to avoid imbalance, generates control instruction data to resolve the imbalance and outputs it to each energy storage system.

9. In the battery control system according to claim 1, The battery control system includes an imbalance avoidance control determination means which determines whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance when the deviation determination means determines that there is a deviation in each energy storage system, and further determines that it is not possible to control each energy storage system to match the measured value to the planned value during the control target time period.

10. In the battery control system according to claim 1, A battery control system comprising a means for acquiring planned values ​​from an external device, which acquires a charge / discharge plan that includes at least a predicted power generation value and a predicted demand value, and a planned value at the power receiving point of the energy storage system.

11. In the battery control system according to claim 1, The aforementioned energy storage system is a battery control system that stores electricity generated from renewable energy sources in the battery and discharges it to the grid.

12. A battery control system that controls the charging and discharging of batteries in each of multiple energy storage systems, A discrepancy determination step to determine whether there is a discrepancy between the measured value of the amount of electricity output to the grid from the receiving point of each energy storage system during the controlled time period and the planned value of the amount of electricity to be output to the grid from the receiving point of each energy storage system during the controlled time period, If a deviation is determined in the deviation determination step, an imbalance avoidance control determination step is made to determine whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance during the controlled time period using the multiple energy storage systems, Includes a battery control method.

13. A computer that controls the charging and discharging of batteries in each of multiple energy storage systems, A discrepancy determination means for determining whether there is a discrepancy between the measured amount of electricity output to the grid from the receiving point of each energy storage system during the controlled time period and the planned amount of electricity to be output to the grid from the receiving point of each energy storage system during the controlled time period, An imbalance avoidance control determination means determines whether or not to perform control to avoid imbalance during the controlled time period using the multiple energy storage systems when the aforementioned imbalance determination means determines that there is a discrepancy, A program to make it work.

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