Method of constructing partition walls

Abstract

To provide an inexpensive method that maintains the sliding mechanism of the studs and boards relative to the runner without requiring much effort during installation. [Solution] The method for constructing a partition wall includes the steps of: attaching horizontal members to the upper and lower structural members of a structure, each having a fixing part fixed adjacent to the structural member and a pair of rising parts extending vertically from both ends of the fixing part; inserting multiple vertical furring strips between the upper and lower horizontal members to create a base material; and covering both sides of the base material with multiple facing materials, sandwiching the multiple vertical furring strips, and screwing the multiple facing materials to the multiple vertical furring strips. The screwing step includes screwing the base material with reinforcing screws at positions near the rising parts where the rising parts and vertical furring strips do not overlap, after the base material has been covered with multiple facing materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for constructing a partition wall.

Background Art

[0002] A dry partition wall is constructed by attaching a gypsum board or the like to a base made of steel with screws. The base is made of a U-shaped steel material, using horizontal members (studs) and vertical edge members (runners), attaching runners to the floor and ceiling, and inserting studs at regular intervals between the two upper and lower runners.

[0003] In a conventional dry partition wall, when a load is applied in the out-of-plane direction (horizontal direction), the stud pushes against the rising part on the side opposite to the loading side among the two rising parts extending in the vertical direction of the U-shaped runner, and the stud is supported only by one rising part on that side.

[0004] In this case, when a large horizontal load is applied due to an earthquake, wind pressure, etc., the stud cannot be supported only by one rising part, and that rising part may open wide to the outside, the stud may come off the runner, and the partition wall may be damaged.

[0005] Therefore, a technique has been proposed in which a connecting member for connecting the two rising parts of the runner is provided to prevent the rising part from opening wide to the outside even when a large load is applied in the horizontal direction and to prevent damage to the partition wall (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0008] Furthermore, because the two connecting members are attached along the longitudinal direction of the runner, sandwiching the studs, the connecting members obstruct the sliding of the studs, which presents a problem in that it is not possible to maintain the sliding mechanism between the studs and the facing material (board) relative to the runner during an earthquake, which is important for dry partition walls.

[0009] Therefore, there was a need for a method that was inexpensive, easy to install, and could maintain the sliding mechanism between the studs and boards on the runner. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is a method for constructing a partition wall, The process involves attaching horizontal members to the upper and lower structural members of a structure, each having a fixing portion fixed adjacent to the structural member and a pair of rising portions extending vertically from both ends of the fixing portion, and then inserting multiple vertical furring strips between the upper and lower horizontal members to create a base structure. The process involves sandwiching multiple vertical furring strips between multiple facing materials and covering both sides of the base material with multiple facing materials, and screwing the multiple facing materials to the multiple vertical furring strips. Includes, A method for constructing a partition wall is provided, which includes a screwing step, in which, after covering the base material with multiple facing materials, reinforcing screws are used to fasten the vertical section and the vertical furring strips at positions near the vertical section where they do not overlap. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method that is inexpensive and does not require much effort to install, while maintaining the sliding mechanism between the stud and the board relative to the runner. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0012] [Figure 1] A diagram showing the state of constructing a partition wall. [Figure 2] A diagram showing an example of the structure of a runner as a horizontal member. [Figure 3] A diagram showing an example of the structure of a stud as a vertical body edge member. [Figure 4] A diagram showing another example of the structure of a stud. [Figure 5] A diagram exemplifying the state where no horizontal load is applied to the partition wall and the state where a horizontal load is applied. [Figure 6] A diagram explaining the position where screws are driven with reinforcing screws. [Figure 7] A flowchart showing an example of the construction of a partition wall. [Figure 8] A diagram explaining the position where a reinforcing member is installed.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0013] A dry partition wall is not a wall using water such as concrete, but a wall formed by attaching a facing material such as a gypsum board that does not use water to a base material such as a lightweight steel frame base with screws. Hereinafter, it will be simply described as a partition wall, but this partition wall is a dry partition wall.

[0014] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the state of constructing a partition wall. FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing an example of the structure of a runner and a stud.

[0015] A runner 10 is attached as a horizontal member to a predetermined position of the upper and lower bodies of a structure such as a warehouse. The body is a floor (slab), ceiling, roof, etc., and the runner 10 is attached to the slab as the lower body and the ceiling or roof as the upper body.

[0016] The runner 10 has a U-shaped cross-section as shown in Figs. 2(a) and (b), and is long on one side. For creating the base material, two runners, an upper runner and a lower runner, are used. The upper runner is attached to a flat surface facing downward under the ceiling or roof as an upper housing, and the lower runner is attached to a flat surface facing upward on the slab as a lower housing. The upper runner and the lower runner have a fixing portion 11 fixed adjacent to the surface facing in the vertical direction of the housing, and rising portions 12 and 13 extending vertically from both ends of the fixing portion 11. The fixing portion 11 has a flat surface arranged adjacent to the flat surface of the housing. When the runner 10 is the upper runner, the pair of rising portions 12 and 13 extend substantially parallel from both ends of the fixing portion 11 (both ends in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the upper runner) toward the lower runner attached directly below the upper runner. Conversely, when the runner 10 is the lower runner, the pair of rising portions 12 and 13 extend substantially parallel from both ends of the fixing portion 11 (both ends in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the lower runner) toward the upper runner attached directly above the lower runner. The upper runner and the lower runner are attached so that the openings 14 formed by the pair of rising portions 12 and 13 of each of the upper runner and the lower runner face each other.

[0017] For attaching the runner 10 to the housing, fastening means such as anchors, drill screws, welding, and nails can be used.

[0018] The stud 15 has a C-shaped cross-section as shown in Figs. 3(a) and (b), and is long on one side. The stud 15 is installed by inserting both ends into two runners 10 attached to the upper and lower housings. Specifically, the stud 15 is tilted obliquely with respect to the flat surface of the lower housing to which the runner 10 is attached, one end is inserted between the pair of rising portions 12 and 13 of the lower runner, the tilted stud 15 is lifted, and the other end is inserted between the pair of rising portions 12 and 13 of the upper runner, and is installed in a standing state. At this time, the stud 15 is in a state supported by the two upper and lower runners 10. The stud 15 has a first flat plate portion 16 and a second flat plate portion 17 adjacent to the inner surfaces of the rising portions 12 and 13 of the runner 10.

[0019] According to the Public Building Construction Standard Specifications and JIS standards, studs 15 should be installed at intervals of approximately 300 mm when only one facing material is attached to one side of the base material, and at intervals of approximately 450 mm when two facing materials are attached. Therefore, by preparing the required number of studs 15 in accordance with these regulations and inserting them between the two runners 10 as described above, a base material 18 as shown in Figure 1 can be created.

[0020] The stud 15 is not limited to the C-shaped cross-section shown in Figures 3(a) and (b), but may also be a square pipe or the like. For example, as shown in Figures 4(a) and (b), the stud 15 may be hollow, have a roughly rectangular cross-section, be longer on one side, be made of a bent metal plate, and have folded portions 19 at the four roughly rectangular corners, folded into the hollow inner portion at positions spaced apart from the joint with the runner 10. Having such folded portions 19 with one fold at each of the four corners can improve the load-bearing capacity of the base material 18. The folded portions 19 are not limited to one fold, but may have two or more folds.

[0021] If the wall height exceeds 5m, the stud 15 can be made to be longer than 5m to match the wall height. In the case of such a long stud 15, it is prone to bending, so a stud 15 having a substantially rectangular cross-section with a folding portion 19 as shown in Figures 4(a) and (b) is preferred.

[0022] The metal plates used for the runner 10 and stud 15 can be, for example, steel plates, and the steel plates may have a plated surface. As a steel plate with a plated surface, for example, hot-dip galvanized steel (SGC) can be used.

[0023] The facing material is attached to both sides of the base material 18. Figure 1 shows an example where the facing material is attached to one side. The facing material may be a single-layer board or a double-layer board made by overlapping two layers. Here, the facing material will be described as a double-layer board. The double-layer board consists of a lower board adjacent to the base material 18 and an upper board that covers the lower board. The lower board is the underlayment material 20, and the upper board is the overlayment material 21.

[0024] The underlayment 20 is screwed into the studs 15 using small screws with pointed ends. The screws can be driven in at regular intervals. The top layer 21 can be attached to the underlayment 20 by applying adhesive to the surface of the underlayment 20. Alternatively, the top layer 21 may be fixed to the underlayment 20 using staples or the like.

[0025] The boards used as facing materials have a predetermined area and can be made of gypsum board, reinforced gypsum board, calcium silicate board, plywood, etc. The thickness of the boards can be any thickness, and in the case of double layering, for example, boards of 12.5 mm thickness can be used per sheet.

[0026] The maximum usable height of walls, as stipulated in the Standard Specifications for Public Building Construction and JIS standards, is limited to 5m. Furthermore, the horizontal load-bearing capacity of partition walls in the out-of-plane direction (horizontal direction) is assumed to be equivalent to the load exerted by a person pushing on them.

[0027] However, buildings such as logistics warehouses have wall heights exceeding 5m, and the load applied to the walls is also 2500N / m² as stipulated by the Warehouse Business Act. 2 This may be required.

[0028] Therefore, the partition wall also exceeds 5m in height, and the load applied to the wall is 2500N / m 2There is a need for the development of lightweight steel frame wall substrates that meet the specifications of fire-resistant certifications. Possible solutions include increasing the thickness of the runner plates, using square pipes or lip channel steel for the studs, developing special cross-sections, and further narrowing the stud pitch to increase the wall's load-bearing capacity.

[0029] When no horizontal loads such as earthquakes or wind force are applied to the partition wall, it is installed with both ends of the studs 15 inserted into the openings 14 of the upper and lower runners 10, as shown in Figure 5(a).

[0030] On the other hand, as shown in Figure 5(b), when a horizontal load is applied to the partition wall, the stud 15 bends like a bow, pushing against the rising section 12 on the opposite side of the load-bearing side, and the stud 15 is supported by only one rising section 12. Here, the rising section on the opposite side of the load-bearing side is referred to as the rising section 12.

[0031] As the horizontal load increases, the rising portion 12 on one side can no longer support the stud 15, causing the rising portion 12 to spread outward as shown in Figure 5(b), and the stud 15 to detach from the runner 10. Normally, the angle θ between the direction in which the rising portions 12 and 13 extend and the plane of the fixing portion 11 is approximately 90 degrees, but when the rising portion 12 spreads outward, the direction in which the rising portion 12 extends relative to the plane of the fixing portion 11 becomes θ > 90 degrees as shown in Figure 5(b).

[0032] In some cases, the horizontal load at which the stud 15 detaches from the runner 10 is determined as the maximum horizontal load. When determining the maximum horizontal load, in order to increase the maximum load, it is necessary to improve the support capacity of the end of the stud 15 so that the stud 15 is less likely to detach from the runner 10.

[0033] Therefore, as shown in Figure 6, reinforcing screws 22 are driven in from above the top covering material 21, through the top covering material 21 and the under covering material 20, along the longitudinal direction of the runner 10, at positions near the top covering material 12 and 13 where the top covering material 12 and 13 do not overlap with the studs 15, and are fixed to the studs 15. This is done on each of the boards that are double-layered on both sides (front and back) of the base material 18, and at both ends of the studs 15. Note that any number of reinforcing screws 22 can be driven in.

[0034] When the stud 15 is inserted into the runner 10, the inserted end of the stud 15 overlaps with the rising portions 12 and 13 of the runner 10. Therefore, the remaining portion (for example, the central part in the longitudinal direction of the stud 15) does not overlap with the rising portions 12 and 13. Reinforcing screws 22 are driven into the portion where the rising portions 12 and 13 do not overlap with the stud 15, within a 10 mm range from the tip of the rising portions 12 and 13. The closer the reinforcing screws 22 are to the tip of the rising portions 12 and 13, the better.

[0035] The tips of the rising portions 12 and 13 are the lowest ends extending toward the lower runner when the runner 10 is the upper runner, and the tips of the rising portions 12 and 13 are the highest ends extending toward the upper runner when the runner 10 is the lower runner, as the rising portions 12 and 13 extend toward the upper runner.

[0036] Each of the rising sections 12 and 13 is sandwiched between the stud 15 and two boards (underlayment 20 and overlayment 21). However, with conventional screw fastening, the screw closest to the rising sections 12 and 13 is located several centimeters away from the tip of the rising sections 12 and 13. As a result, the fulcrum is far away, and an out-of-plane horizontal load is applied to the partition wall. Even if the stud 15 pushes against the rising section 13, the board on the opposite side, the rising section 12, will bend, and the force with which the board pushes against the rising section 12 is weak, so the rising section 12 bears almost no load.

[0037] On the other hand, as shown in Figure 6, by fastening the runner 10 with reinforcing screws 22 at a position a few millimeters from the tips of the rising portions 12 and 13, the fulcrum is close, so when the stud 15 pushes against the rising portion 13, the board on the rising portion 12 side hardly flexes, and the board firmly pushes against the rising portion 12, causing the rising portion 12 to bear the load. This improves the load-bearing capacity of the end of the stud 15.

[0038] In the example shown in Figure 6, two sets of two studs 15 placed back-to-back are inserted into two runners 10 to create a base material 18. Underlayment 20 is screwed to the studs 15 on both sides of the base material 18, and after the top layer 21 is attached to the underlayment 20 using adhesive, reinforcing screws 22 are driven in at the above positions. Two reinforcing screws 22 are driven in on each side of a stud 15 near the upper runner, for a total of four screws on both sides, and including the screws near the lower runner, a total of eight screws can be driven in per stud 15. In this example, four studs 15 are used, so a total of 32 screws are driven in.

[0039] The reinforcing screws 22 can be driven directly into the board, but to prevent the screw heads from coming out of the board, they can also be driven in via a washer, which is a circular washer with a hole in the center through which the threaded portion of the reinforcing screw 22 can be inserted, placed between the screw head and the board. This improves the load-bearing capacity of the partition wall. In addition to washers, the load-bearing capacity of the end of the stud 15 can be further improved by adding a steel plate 23 or steel material as shown in Figure 6, and extending its tip to the end of the board.

[0040] Furthermore, since the runner 10 and stud 15 are not directly screwed together, the sliding mechanism between the board and stud 15 relative to the runner 10 during an earthquake, which is crucial for a partition wall, can be maintained.

[0041] Figure 7 is a flowchart showing an example of partition wall construction. Prepare the materials to be used when constructing the partition wall, and start construction from step 100. In step 101, attach the runners 10 to the slab and ceiling and other upper and lower structural elements at the designated locations of the structure, such as a logistics warehouse. In step 102, bend the studs 15 diagonally, insert them into the upper and lower runners 10, raise the studs 15, and create the base material 18.

[0042] In step 103, the underlayment 20 is screwed to the studs 15, adhesive is applied to the screwed underlayment, and the toplayment 21 is attached. In step 104, reinforcing screws 22 are driven through the toplayment 21 and the underlayment 20 at positions near the rising sections 12 and 13 where the rising sections 12 and 13 do not overlap with the studs 15, and are fixed to the studs 15. After driving reinforcing screws 22 into both ends of each stud 15 and fixing them to the studs 15, the process proceeds to step 105, and the construction of the partition wall is completed.

[0043] When attaching the underlayment material 20 to the stud 15, the underlayment material 20 can be directly screwed to the stud 15, but this is not the only option.

[0044] The studs 15 that make up the base material 18 can be installed at predetermined intervals. The spacing between the studs 15 needs to be narrowed as the load-bearing capacity and wall height increase, and the number of studs 15 needs to be increased. This increases the number of screws that need to be driven in to fix the board, and thus increases the labor involved in construction.

[0045] As mentioned above, the spacing between studs 15 is approximately 450 mm (Standard Specifications for Public Building Construction) or 606 mm (Construction method certified by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism as a fire-resistant partition wall) when using two layers of board, and it is necessary to screw boards to all studs 15. In other words, boards need to be screwed to studs 15 installed at intervals of approximately 450 mm or 606 mm, but studs 15 installed in addition to those installed at intervals of approximately 450 mm or 606 mm, for example, studs installed to increase load-bearing capacity and wall height, can be considered reinforcing materials, and boards can be left untouched to these reinforcing materials. In this way, even if load-bearing capacity and wall height are increased, the number of screws to be driven and the labor involved in construction will not increase, and productivity can be improved.

[0046] Figure 8 illustrates the position of the reinforcing material. Figure 8 is a view of the lower side from the upper runner, with the underlayment 30a and overlayment 30b of board 30 positioned on one side of the lower runner, and the underlayment 31a and overlayment 31b of board 31 positioned on the other side of the lower runner. Studs 15 are installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the lower runner between the pair of rising sections 12 and 13 of the lower runner. The studs 15 are installed at intervals of approximately 450 mm or 606 mm.

[0047] The studs 15, which are installed at intervals of approximately 450 mm or 606 mm, are fastened with screws 32 after the underlayment materials 30a and 31a have been placed. The toplayment materials 30b and 31b are attached to the underlayment materials 30a and 31a by applying adhesive to their surfaces.

[0048] The stud used as reinforcing material 33 is installed adjacent to the stud 15 back-to-back, and the reinforcing material 33 is simply placed against the stud 15 and not screwed in. The stud 15, which has a C-shaped cross-section, is made by bending a steel plate and has a connecting portion with a flat surface that is arranged to linearly connect the two rising portions 12 and 13 of the runner 10, and a first flat plate portion 16 and a second flat plate portion 17 that extend from both ends of the connecting portion along the two rising portions 12 and 13 of the runner 10, respectively. The stud used as reinforcing material 33 has the same structure as the stud 15, and when installed adjacent to the stud 15 back-to-back, the connecting portions are installed adjacent to each other.

[0049] In the example shown in Figure 8, the studs 15 and reinforcing members 33 are installed back-to-back adjacent to each other, but this is not the only option. Therefore, the reinforcing members 33 may be installed at any position between adjacent studs 15.

[0050] This invention improves load-bearing capacity by preventing the risers 12 and 13 of the runner 10 from spreading outwards, by allowing the load from the end of the stud 15 to be borne not only by the riser on the side opposite the load-bearing side, but also by allowing the riser on the load-bearing side to bear the load. This is inexpensive and requires no effort to install, as it only requires driving in reinforcing screws 22. Since the stud 15 and runner 10 are not directly screwed together, the sliding mechanism between the stud 15 and boards 30 and 31 relative to the runner 10 can be maintained.

[0051] Furthermore, by installing studs 15 for screwing the underlayment at predetermined intervals, and considering the additional studs required to increase the load-bearing capacity and wall height as reinforcing members 33 and not screwing them in, the number of screws to be driven in does not increase, thereby improving productivity. In addition, the load-bearing capacity of the ends of the reinforcing members 33 can be increased by driving screws into those ends as well.

[0052] Up to this point, the method for constructing partition walls of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and can be modified to include other embodiments, additions, changes, or deletions within the scope that a person skilled in the art can conceive. Any embodiment that achieves the function and effect of the present invention is included within the scope of the present invention.

[0053] Therefore, partition walls and the like constructed using this method can also be provided. [Explanation of symbols]

[0054] 10… Runner 11...Fixed part 12, 13... rising section 14…Opening 15…Stud 16...First flat section 17...Second flat section 18…Underlayment 19...Folding section 20, 30a, 31a...underlayment material 21, 30b, 31b...Top material 22…Reinforcement screws 23...Steel plate 30, 31... board 32...bis 33…Reinforcement material

Claims

1. A method for constructing partition walls, The process involves attaching horizontal members to the upper and lower structural members of a structure, each having a fixing portion fixed adjacent to the structural member and a pair of rising portions extending vertically from both ends of the fixing portion, and then inserting multiple vertical furring strips between the upper and lower horizontal members to create a base structure. The process involves covering both sides of the base material with multiple facing materials, sandwiching the multiple vertical furring strips, and screwing the multiple facing materials to the multiple vertical furring strips. Includes, A method for constructing a partition wall, wherein the screwing step includes, after covering the base material with the multiple facing materials, screwing the rising portion and the vertical furring strip material in place of the rising portion at a location near the rising portion where the rising portion and the vertical furring strip material do not overlap.

2. The method for constructing a partition wall according to claim 1, wherein in the screw fastening step, one or more reinforcing screws are driven into one end of one of the vertical furring strips on one side of the base material, along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member.

3. The method for constructing a partition wall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reinforcing screws are driven in at a position within 10 mm from the tip of the rising portion toward the center in the longitudinal direction of the vertical furring strip, so as to penetrate the facing material and be fixed to the vertical furring strip.

4. The process of creating the base material includes inserting it between the upper and lower horizontal members and installing one or more reinforcing members between each of the vertical furring strips which are installed at predetermined intervals, The method for constructing a partition wall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the screw fastening step, the facing material is screwed to the vertical furring strips, but not to the reinforcing material.

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