A contact bridge device and a switching device having fixed contacts positioned between two contact bridges.

Abstract

This provides a contact bridge assembly in which the contacts remain in contact even in the event of a short circuit, preventing arc generation. [Solution] The contact bridge device includes a first contact bridge (4) including two switching contacts (10) and a second contact bridge (6) including at least two auxiliary switching contacts (12). Two fixed contact assemblies (28, 30) are positioned between the first and second contact bridges, and each of the two fixed contact assemblies includes at least one fixed contact (34) for contacting the switching contacts and at least one fixed contact (36) for contacting the auxiliary switching contacts. In the event of a short circuit, a magnetic force is generated, which presses the contacts together and counteracts the repulsive force acting between these contacts.

Description

Technical Field

[0004] , ,

[0001] The present invention relates to a contact bridge arrangement and a switching device comprising such a contact bridge arrangement.

Background Art

[0002] Contact bridge assemblies are used in switching devices such as relays or contactors, for example, to open and close electrical circuits. In a closed circuit, the fixed contact and the switching contact are in contact with each other. In an open circuit, the switching contact moves away from the fixed contact. Generally, a magnetic drive device operating against a return spring is used as a drive device for moving the switching contact in such a switching device.

[0003] Short-circuit events are a problem in such switching devices. The short-circuit current in an electric vehicle can reach 27 kA or more. At such currents, a large force that moves the switching contact away from the fixed contact occurs at the contacts of the contact bridge assembly before the short-circuit protection device operates. The resulting electric arc can destroy the switching device. Therefore, in the case of a short circuit, the contacts must not be allowed to separate from each other.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a contact bridge assembly in which the contacts remain in contact even in the case of a short circuit and no arc is generated.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] One solution is a contact bridge device for switching devices such as relays or contactors, particularly in electric vehicles, wherein the contact bridge device comprises a first contact bridge including a portion for connecting to a drive system, a first switching contact, and a second switching contact, the first and second switching contacts being separated from each other, and the first contact bridge being movable between an open position and a closed position along the switching direction; a second contact bridge including a first auxiliary switching contact and a second auxiliary switching contact, the first and second auxiliary switching contacts being separated from each other; and a first fixed contact device positioned between the first and second contact bridges in the switching direction, comprising a proximal fixed contact for contacting the first switching contact and a distal fixed contact for contacting the first auxiliary switching contact; and a second fixed contact device The system comprises a second fixed contact device, positioned between a first contact bridge and a second contact bridge in the switching direction, and including a proximal fixed contact for contacting the second switching contact and a distal fixed contact for contacting the second auxiliary switching contact. In the open position, the first switching contact is separated from the proximal fixed contact of the first fixed contact device (disengaged), the distal fixed contact of the first fixed contact device is separated from the first auxiliary switching contact, the second switching contact is separated from the proximal fixed contact of the second fixed contact device, and the distal fixed contact of the second fixed contact device is separated from the second auxiliary switching contact. In the closed position, the first switching contact abuts against the proximal fixed contact of the first fixed contact device, the distal fixed contact of the first fixed contact device abuts against the first auxiliary switching contact, the second switching contact abuts against the proximal fixed contact of the second fixed contact device, and the distal fixed contact of the second fixed contact device is separated from the proximal fixed contact of the second fixed contact device.The objective is to provide a contact bridge device that contacts the second auxiliary switching contact.

[0006] This solution prevents the switching contacts from separating from the fixed contacts in the event of a short circuit.

[0007] By using two contact bridges, in the event of a short circuit, the magnetic force generated by the short-circuit current acts toward the contact bridges. In the event of a short circuit, this magnetic force counteracts the force that pushes the contacts apart.

[0008] This effect eliminates the need to design the drive system to absorb and compensate for the total repulsive force generated in the event of a short circuit between overlapping contacts, thus simplifying the design. A desirable side effect of this design is that the conductive cross-section is reduced by the two contact bridges, and therefore the line resistance is reduced.

[0009] Another solution relates to switching devices, particularly relays or contactors in electric vehicles, that incorporate such contact devices.

[0010] Further developments of the above solution are described in more detail below. The further developed features described herein are advantageous independently and can be combined as desired. Unless the distinction between the first switching contact and the second switching contact is important in the individual case, the term "switching contact" is used simply. The same applies to the first auxiliary switching contact and the second auxiliary switching contact, which are generally referred to as "auxiliary switching contacts." When the distinction between proximal and distal fixed contacts is not important, the term "fixed contact" is simply used. Finally, when the distinction between switching contacts, auxiliary switching contacts, and / or fixed contacts is not important, the term "contact" is used.

[0011] The first contact bridge and the second contact bridge can be formed identically in a single configuration, thereby reducing the number of parts and manufacturing costs.

[0012] The direction in which the first switching contact moves away from the second switching contact is hereafter referred to as the longitudinal direction. In one configuration, the longitudinal direction extends perpendicular to the switching direction. The first auxiliary switching contact can move away from the second auxiliary switching contact in the longitudinal direction or parallel to the longitudinal direction, and therefore, firstly, the distance between the first switching contact and the second switching contact, and secondly, the distance between the first auxiliary switching contact and the second auxiliary switching contact, extend parallel to each other. However, this parallel extension is not mandatory, and therefore, the direction in which the first auxiliary switching contact moves away from the second auxiliary switching contact does not necessarily have to extend parallel to the longitudinal direction.

[0013] In one configuration, the material of the first contact bridge can extend continuously in the longitudinal direction from the first switching contact to the second switching contact. Similarly, in another configuration, the material of the second contact bridge can extend continuously, particularly in the longitudinal direction, from the first auxiliary switching contact to the second auxiliary switching contact. Each of these two configurations allows for a direct, short, linear, and therefore low-loss current path, either from the first switching contact to the second switching contact or from the first auxiliary switching contact to the second auxiliary switching contact.

[0014] In a further configuration, the first contact bridge may extend linearly from the first switching contact to the second switching contact. Alternatively or cumulatively, the second contact bridge may extend linearly from the first switching contact to the second switching contact. The first contact bridge and / or the second contact bridge may each be formed elongated across the switching direction, particularly in the longitudinal direction. In one configuration, the first contact bridge and / or the second contact bridge may be configured, for example, as a beam or an elongated plate. The contact bridges may be manufactured from sheet metal, particularly by punching.

[0015] One of the two fixed contact assemblies, for example, the first fixed contact assembly, may be located at one end of the longitudinally arranged first and / or second contact bridge, and the other of the two fixed contact assemblies, for example, the second fixed contact assembly, may be located at the other end of the longitudinally arranged first and / or second contact bridge.

[0016] In one configuration, the first contact bridge and the second contact bridge are aligned parallel to each other at least in the closed position, or the contact bridges extend parallel to each other. Therefore, the first contact bridge and the second contact bridge can extend parallel to each other when the first auxiliary switching contact and the second auxiliary switching contact are separated from each other longitudinally or parallel to each other longitudinally. In a further configuration, the contact bridges can extend parallel to each other if, at least, a line extending longitudinally and connecting the first switching contact and the second switching contact is entirely located within the material of the first contact bridge, and a line extending parallel to the longitudinal direction and connecting the first auxiliary switching contact and the second auxiliary switching contact is entirely located within the material of the second contact bridge.

[0017] In the event of a short circuit, the first and second contact bridges should be electrically connected to each other in the closed position so that the magnetic force pressing the contacts together is sufficiently large, and the currents flowing through the first and second contact bridges in the closed position should flow in the same direction.

[0018] For example, in one configuration, the contact bridge device can form a continuous current path in the closed position from a first switching contact to a second switching contact, the current path including a first branch extending through the first contact bridge and a second branch extending through the second contact bridge, the first and second branches extending parallel to each other in the same direction. In one configuration, the first branch extends from the first switching contact across the first contact bridge to the second switching contact, and the second branch extends from the first auxiliary switching contact across the second contact bridge to the second auxiliary switching contact. These two branches generate a magnetic force in the opposite direction to the separation of the contacts in the event of a short circuit. To enable accurate calculation of this force, it is preferable that the current paths in the first and second contact bridges be linear.

[0019] The first switching contact and the second switching contact can each be positioned at the ends of a longitudinally arranged first contact bridge; for example, the first switching contact can be positioned at one end of the longitudinally arranged bridge and the second switching contact at the other end. Nevertheless, the auxiliary switching contact can be positioned at the ends of a longitudinally arranged second contact bridge; for example, the first auxiliary switching contact can be positioned at one end of the longitudinally arranged bridge and the second auxiliary switching contact at the other end.

[0020] The first fixed contact device and the second fixed contact device may be separated from each other in the longitudinal direction of the contact bridge.

[0021] Furthermore, the first fixed contact device and / or the second fixed contact device may have two sides facing opposite directions and positioned opposite to the switching direction. For example, the first side may be positioned opposite the (first or second) switching contact, and the second side may be positioned opposite the (first or second) auxiliary switching contact.

[0022] The proximal fixed contacts of the first and / or second fixed contact devices are located, for example, on the first side of each fixed contact device, and the distal fixed contacts of the first and / or second fixed contact devices are located, for example, on the second side. This results in a particularly simple configuration of the fixed contact assembly. The configuration can be further simplified if the proximal and distal fixed contacts of the first fixed contact device, and / or the proximal and distal fixed contacts of the second fixed contact device, are formed monolithically, i.e., formed by a single continuum.

[0023] In one configuration, the second contact bridge may be stationary or fixed to the housing, thereby reducing the effort required for design and manufacturing.

[0024] However, the second contact bridge may alternatively be movable, and in particular may be driven along the switching direction, so as to maximize the distance between the fixed contact, switching contact, and auxiliary switching contact in the open position.

[0025] For example, the second contact bridge can include a portion for connecting to a drive system of the switching device. The drive system can include a common drive device for the first contact bridge and the second contact bridge, or two separate drive devices, particularly drive devices that can be independently controlled, one for each contact bridge. In one configuration, the first contact bridge and the second contact bridge move towards each other during the transition from the open position to the closed position, and move away from each other during the transition from the closed position to the open position.

[0026] In an advantageous configuration, the two fixed contact assemblies are formed by two separate parts spaced apart from each other across the switching direction. Each fixed contact device can be connected, for example, to different externally accessible terminals of the switching device.

[0027] When the proximal fixed contact of the first fixed contact device overlaps or is aligned with the first switching contact along the switching direction, a short current path is obtained in the closed position. Furthermore, the distal fixed contact of the first fixed contact device may overlap or be aligned with the first auxiliary switching contact along the switching direction. Similarly, the proximal fixed contact of the second fixed contact device may overlap or be aligned with the second switching contact along the switching direction. Finally, the distal fixed contact of the second fixed contact device may overlap or be aligned with the second auxiliary switching contact along the switching direction. The proximal fixed contact of the first fixed contact device may be aligned with the distal fixed contact of the first fixed contact device along the switching direction, and the proximal fixed contact of the second fixed contact device may be aligned with the distal fixed contact of the second fixed contact device along the switching direction.

[0028] In order to obtain a particularly short current path in the closed position, the first switching contact and the first auxiliary switching contact and / or the second switching contact and the second auxiliary switching contact can be arranged so as to be aligned with each other in the switching direction, at least in the closed position.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the first fixed contact device and the second fixed contact device can be formed identically, thereby reducing manufacturing costs. The first fixed contact device and the second fixed contact device may face each other particularly symmetrically across the switching direction with respect to the first contact bridge and / or the second contact bridge.

[0030] In the closed position, several proximal fixed contacts of the first fixed contact device can contact the first switching contact, and / or several proximal fixed contacts of the second fixed contact device can contact the second switching contact. However, conversely, several first switching contacts can contact a single proximal fixed contact of the first fixed contact device, or several second switching contacts can contact a single proximal fixed contact of the second fixed contact device.

[0031] The same applies to auxiliary switching contacts. In the closed position, multiple distal fixed contacts of the first fixed contact device can contact the first auxiliary switching contact, or multiple first auxiliary switching contacts can contact a single distal fixed contact of the first fixed contact device. In the closed position, multiple distal fixed contacts of the second fixed contact device can contact the second auxiliary switching contact, or multiple second auxiliary switching contacts can contact a single distal fixed contact of the second fixed contact device.

[0032] Each of these devices forms a larger contact area, thereby reducing the contact resistance between contacts that are in contact with each other in the closed position. In the context described herein, the term “first switching contact” also includes arrangements or arrays of several first switching contacts, the term “second switching contact” also includes arrangements or arrays of several second switching contacts, the term “first auxiliary switching contact” also includes arrangements or arrays of several first auxiliary switching contacts, and the term “second auxiliary switching contact” also includes arrangements or arrays of several second auxiliary switching contacts.

[0033] In one configuration, the first fixed contact device may include two or more proximal fixed contacts and / or two or more distal fixed contacts. Alternatively or cumulatively, the second fixed contact device may have two or more proximal fixed contacts and / or two or more distal fixed contacts. In one configuration, this number may be equal to, for example, the number of proximal and distal fixed contacts of the second fixed contact device.

[0034] The first fixed contact device and / or the second fixed contact device may include at least one spring arm that can elastically flex along the switching direction, extends between the first contact bridge and the second contact bridge, and includes at least one proximal fixed contact and / or at least one distal fixed contact. In one configuration, at least one distal fixed contact and / or at least one proximal fixed contact are located at the free end of the spring arm protruding between the first contact bridge and the second contact bridge. For example, positional tolerances in the closed position can be compensated using such a spring arm.

[0035] In one configuration, the spring arm, in the closed position, bends elastically along the switching direction relative to the open position. In this configuration, the spring arm is pressed against the second contact bridge by the first contact bridge, so it is not necessary to configure the second contact bridge to be movable along the switching direction. In this configuration, the spring arm returns to the open position automatically, for example. In the open position, the spring arm may be in a state where no particular force is applied.

[0036] Each spring arm may include one or more proximal fixed contacts and / or distal fixed contacts. However, it is preferable that each spring arm includes only one proximal fixed contact and only one distal fixed contact. This arrangement allows for the best tolerance compensation. This ensures that each spring arm, in the closed position, is electrically in contact with exactly one (first or second) switching contact and exactly one (correspondingly first or second) auxiliary switching contact.

[0037] All fixed contact devices, i.e., the proximal and distal fixed contacts of the first or second solid-state device, can be electrically connected to one another. Alternatively, the proximal and distal fixed contacts of the solid-state devices can be arranged to be electrically isolated from each other within their respective solid-state devices.

[0038] If the first fixed contact device or the second fixed contact device includes a plurality of proximal fixed contacts and / or distal fixed contacts, the first fixed contact device or the second fixed contact device may include a plurality of spring arms.

[0039] As a result, at least one spring arm of the first fixed contact device is positioned opposite at least one spring arm of the second fixed contact device in a direction transverse to the switching direction. The spring arm can extend beyond the first and second contact bridges in a direction transverse to the switching direction. At least one spring arm of the first fixed contact device can extend parallel to at least one spring arm of the second fixed contact device. In particular, the spring arms can extend toward each other. In the closed and / or open positions, the spring arms can extend parallel to the contact bridge. All spring arms of the first fixed contact device and / or the second fixed contact device can be positioned in the same plane and / or parallel to each other, at least in the closed and / or open positions.

[0040] In another advantageous configuration, the spring arm is configured in multiple layers, i.e., the spring arm is composed of multiple, in particular, at least two layers. The layers can overlap each other in the switching direction or across the switching direction.

[0041] In such a configuration, each layer can perform a different function. For example, one layer can primarily function as a conductor, while the other layer can primarily function as a spring.

[0042] In this case, at least one layer of the spring arm can form a leaf spring, and at least one other layer can form a conductor. The layer forming the conductor can be supported or carried by the layer forming the spring. The layer forming the spring may have higher spring elasticity than the layer forming the conductor.

[0043] To improve the functional separation between the conductive layer and the elastic layer, the conductor-forming layer may have a separation structure in the form of an arc or bend (kink) oriented away from the spring-forming layer, which reduces the spring effect of the conductive layer. The separation portion decouples the elastic properties of the conductive layer from those of the elastic layer. The conductive cross-section of the conductor-forming layer can remain uniform across the separation structure, and therefore no change in resistance occurs along the layer.

[0044] The layers of the spring arm may be composed of different materials, particularly metallic materials, and / or two layers of the same material that are processed and / or treated differently. At least one layer contains or is composed of copper, for example. Alternatively or cumulatively, at least one layer contains or is composed of chromium and / or nickel. The copper layer has low electrical resistance and can function as a conductor, while layers formed from or containing chromium and / or nickel exhibit good spring properties.

[0045] However, at least one of the spring arms may be formed from a single material, for example, a single layer of a material including aluminum or copper having sufficiently good spring properties and sufficient fatigue strength.

[0046] If the fixed contact device includes a spring arm, the spring arm can extend longitudinally between the contact bridges in the direction of the first and / or second contact bridges. This configuration allows the switching device to be made very flat. On the other hand, if the switching device is to be made as compact as possible in the longitudinal direction of the first and / or second contact bridges, the spring arm can also extend across the switching direction and across the longitudinal direction of the contact bridges between the first and second contact bridges.

[0047] The contact device may include a blow magnet that generates a magnetic field extending along the longitudinal direction of the contact bridge in switching contacts and auxiliary switching contacts.

[0048] A switching device comprising a contact bridge device in one of the above configurations may include a drive system, which is connected to a first contact bridge and configured to move the first contact bridge between an open position and a closed position along the switching direction.

[0049] In a further configuration, the drive system may be connected to a second contact bridge and configured to move the second contact bridge between an open position and a closed position along the switching direction.

[0050] In the latter configuration, the direction of movement of the first contact bridge from the open position to the closed position may be opposite to the direction of movement of the second contact bridge from the open position to the closed position.

[0051] The use of two driven contact bridges has the advantage, compared to a single driven contact bridge, of providing, in the open position, firstly, greater spacing between the switching contacts and fixed contacts positioned opposite each other in the switching direction, and secondly, greater spacing between the auxiliary switching contacts and fixed contacts positioned opposite each other in the switching direction. In addition, a spring arm can be omitted, thus simplifying the configuration of the switching device.

[0052] Nevertheless, even when using two driven contact bridges, it may be advantageous to provide at least one elastically flexible spring arm on the fixed contact, as described above. This is because the elasticity of the spring arm allows for tolerance compensation.

[0053] However, the use of a spring arm generally requires a greater driving force to be applied to a part of the drive system in order to flex the spring arm.

[0054] The first contact bridge can be driven independently of the second contact bridge. For example, the drive system may include a first drive unit for driving the first contact bridge and a second drive unit that can be operated independently of the first drive unit for driving the first contact bridge. The drive unit may be, for example, a solenoid.

[0055] Alternatively, the first and second contact bridges can be driven together by a drive system. In such a configuration, the first and second contact bridges can be mechanically coupled to each other.

[0056] The switching device may also include at least one overtravel spring. The first contact bridge may include an overtravel spring, and the second contact bridge may similarly include an overtravel spring. The overtravel spring is preferably positioned between the drive system and the first and / or second contact bridges.

[0057] Furthermore, the first contact bridge and / or the second contact bridge may be held in the holder so as to be movable along the switching direction against the action of the overtravel spring. The holder may be cage-like in particular. The first contact bridge and / or the second contact bridge may be pressed against the holder in the open position, in particular by the overtravel spring. The overtravel spring may be deflected in the closed position relative to the open position, and the first contact bridge and / or the second contact bridge associated with the overtravel spring may be displaced in the holder in the closed position relative to the open position along the switching direction.

[0058] The present invention will be described in more detail below using embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. Features not present in the illustrated and described embodiments may be added in accordance with the above description. Conversely, features present in the illustrated and described embodiments may be omitted in accordance with the above description.

[0059] For simplicity, in the following diagrams, the same reference numerals will be used for elements that correspond to each other in terms of function and / or structure. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0060] [Figure 1] This is a schematic perspective view of a switching device equipped with a contact bridge device. [Figure 2] This is a schematic perspective view of a fixed contact device. [Figure 3] This is a schematic side view of the contact device in the closed position. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram of a further configuration of a contact device or switching device in the closed position. [Figure 5] This diagram is along line VV in Figure 4. [Figure 6] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the contact device or switching device in the open position. [Figure 7] This diagram shows the line VII-VII in Figure 6. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0061] Figure 1 shows a contact device 1 of a switching device 2, such as a relay or contactor in an electric vehicle, for example. The switching device 2 is shown only in Figure 1.

[0062] The contact device comprises a first contact bridge 4 and a second contact bridge 6. As shown in the figure, the two contact bridges 4 and 6 can be formed identically.

[0063] The first contact bridge 4 includes two switching contacts 10, namely a first switching contact 10a and a second switching contact 10b, which are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction 8. The second contact bridge 6 includes two auxiliary switching contacts 12, namely a first auxiliary switching contact 12a and a second auxiliary switching contact 12b, which are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction 8. Both contact bridges 4 and 6 are formed from a conductive material and allow current to flow from one contact 10 or 12 to the corresponding contact on the other side.

[0064] The first switching contact 10a is separated from the second switching contact 10b in the longitudinal direction 8. In the illustrated embodiment, the first auxiliary switching contact 12a is also separated from the second auxiliary switching contact 12b in the longitudinal direction 8. As a result, the two contact bridges 4 and 6 already extend parallel to each other.

[0065] Furthermore, the material of the first contact bridge 4 or the first contact bridge 6 can extend continuously in the longitudinal direction 8 from the first switching contact 10a to the second switching contact 10b, and / or the material of the second contact bridge 6 or the second contact bridge 6 can extend continuously in the longitudinal direction 8 from the first auxiliary switching contact 12a to the second auxiliary switching contact 12b. This is also an example of the first contact bridge 4 and the second contact bridge 6 extending in parallel.

[0066] The first contact bridge 4 can extend linearly along the longitudinal direction 8 from the first switching contact 10a to the second switching contact 10b, as shown in the figure. Similarly, the second contact bridge 6 can also extend linearly along the longitudinal direction 8 from the first auxiliary switching contact 10a to the second auxiliary switching contact 10b, as shown in the figure. For example, the first contact bridge 4 and / or the second contact bridge 6 can be configured in the form of beams or plates.

[0067] The first contact bridge 4 is movable along the switching direction 14. The first contact bridge 4 includes a portion 16 for connecting to a drive system 18 (shown schematically here as well). The drive system 18 includes, for example, an electromagnet 20, which drives a plunger 22 along the switching direction 14 against the action of a return spring 23 fixed at one end to the housing. The first contact bridge 4 is pressed by an overtravel spring 24 toward the second contact bridge 6, in this case against a holder 26 that engages bracket-like around the first contact bridge. The first contact bridge 4 can move toward the holder 26 along the switching direction 14 against the action of the overtravel spring 24.

[0068] Between the first contact bridge 4 and the second contact bridge 6, the first fixed contact device 28 and the second fixed contact device 30 are arranged along the switching direction 14.

[0069] The first fixed contact device 28 is located longitudinally 8 away from the second fixed contact device 30. The fixed contact assemblies 28 and 30 can each be connected to terminals 32 of the switching device 2. Terminals 32 connect either the contact device 1 or the switching device 2 to the circuit to be switched.

[0070] Both fixed contact assemblies 28, 30 each include at least one proximal fixed contact 34 for contacting the switching contact 10 and at least one distal fixed contact 36 for contacting the auxiliary switching contact 12. The proximal fixed contact 34a of the first fixed contact assembly 28 is configured to contact the first switching contact 10a, and the distal fixed contact 36a of the first fixed contact assembly 28 is configured to contact the first auxiliary switching contact 12a. The proximal fixed contact 34b of the second fixed contact assembly 28 is configured to contact the second switching contact 10b, and the distal fixed contact 36b of the second fixed contact assembly 30 is configured to contact the second auxiliary switching contact 12b.

[0071] Along the switching direction 14, distal fixed contacts 36a and 36b are positioned directly opposite their respective associated auxiliary switching contacts 12a and 12b. Similarly, along the switching direction 14, proximal fixed contacts 34a and 34b are positioned opposite their respective associated switching contacts 10a and 10b.

[0072] The proximal fixed contact 34 and distal fixed contact 36 are located on opposite sides of their respective fixed contact devices 28 and 30 with respect to the switching direction 14. The fixed contact 34 can be structurally integrated with the fixed contact 36, resulting in a monolithic configuration.

[0073] The proximal fixed contact 34 can overlap with the distal fixed contact 36, the switching contact 10, and the auxiliary switching contact 12 along the switching direction 14. Therefore, contacts 10a, 34a, 36a, 12a and contacts 10b, 34b, 36b, 12b can be aligned and positioned along the switching direction, respectively.

[0074] In Figure 1, the two fixed contact assemblies 28 and 30 each comprise a different number of differently configured fixed contacts 34 and 36. For example, in Figure 1, the first fixed contact assembly 28 includes two proximal fixed contacts 34 and three distal fixed contacts 36, and the second fixed contact assembly 30 includes three proximal fixed contacts 34 and three distal fixed contacts 36, with the fixed contacts 34 and 36 of the second fixed contact assembly 30 being smaller than those of the first fixed contact assembly 28. This configuration is merely an example. Both fixed contact assemblies 28 and 30 may be configured identically, for example, each containing two or three pairs of proximal fixed contacts 34 and distal fixed contacts 36.

[0075] The first fixed contact device 28 and / or the second fixed contact device 30 may each include one or more spring arms 38, each spring arm 38 may include, in particular, one pair, consisting of a proximal fixed contact 34 and a distal fixed contact 36, especially at its free end. Each spring arm 38 may be elastically flexed along the switching direction 14.

[0076] If the fixed contact devices 28, 30 include several spring arms 38, these spring arms 38 can be positioned parallel to each other. There is a gap between the spring arms 38 of the spring devices 28, 30, and therefore the spring arms 38 can bend independently of each other. The spring arms 38 can extend parallel to the longitudinal direction 8 or across the longitudinal direction 8.

[0077] At least one spring arm 38 can be configured to have one or more layers.

[0078] A single-layer spring arm is constructed from a material with high conductivity, sufficient fatigue strength, and sufficient spring elasticity, such as copper or an aluminum alloy.

[0079] If the spring arm 38 is multilayered, the spring arm 38 has at least two layers 40, 42 that overlap along or across the switching direction 14.

[0080] Layers 40 and 42 may be formed from different materials, or they may be formed from the same material but processed in different ways.

[0081] The two layers 40 and 42 can perform different functions. For example, the first layer 40 can function as a conductor, and the second layer can function as a spring, particularly a leaf spring. In such a configuration, the first layer 40 is supported or held by the second layer 42. The first layer 40 can be made of copper or formed from a material containing copper. The second layer can be made of, for example, spring steel, or from a material made of or containing chromium and / or nickel.

[0082] The spring arm 38 may have a separation structure 44 in the form of, for example, an arc or a bend, in which the two layers are not connected to each other. To maintain low electrical resistance, the cross-section of the first layer 40 should remain uniform across the separation structure. The separation structure 40 modifies, in particular, the spring constant of the first layer 40 so that the overall spring constant of the spring arm is substantially determined by the second layer 42 alone. If each spring arm 38 carries only one pair of contacts 34, 36, each of these contact pairs can flex along the switching direction independently of the other contact pairs.

[0083] The first fixed contact device 28 is separated from the second fixed contact device 30 in the longitudinal direction 8. The spring arm 38 extends from outside the spatial region located between the two contact bridges 4, 6 along the switching direction into this spatial region.

[0084] The contact bridge device 1 further comprises a yoke structure 50 extending along the switching direction behind the first contact bridge 4 or the second contact bridge 6, and thus the first contact bridge or the second contact bridge is at least partially surrounded along the switching direction by the yoke structure 50 at least at its end located in the longitudinal direction 8.

[0085] In particular, the yoke structure 50 may have two substructures 52, 54, where the first substructure 52 connects the first fixed contact device 28 to terminal 32, and the second substructure connects the second fixed contact device 30 to another terminal 32. The substructures may be formed by busbars having two legs 56, 58 that are parallel to each other. The two legs 56, 58 may extend parallel to the longitudinal direction 8. The two legs 56, 58 of the substructures 52, 54 may be connected by further legs 60, 62 that extend along the switching direction 14. Overall, the two substructures 52, 54 may be substantially C-shaped or U-shaped.

[0086] In Figure 1, the contact device 1 is shown in the open position 64, where all contacts 10, 36, 34, and 12 are separated from each other. Therefore, the circuit between the two terminals 32 is open.

[0087] The drive system 20 is activated to move the switching device 1 to the closed position. The first contact bridge 4 then moves in the switching direction 14 relative to the two fixed contact assemblies 28 and 30. The driving force 66 of the drive system 18 is sufficient to deflect the spring arm 38 toward the second contact bridge 6 against the force of the return spring 23 until the fixed contact 36 moves toward the auxiliary switching contact 12. When the contacts 10, 36, 34, and 12 make contact, the circuit is closed. After the contacts 10, 36, 34, and 12 make contact, the drive system 18 moves the plunger 22 forward while the overtravel spring 24 is deformed, generating a predetermined contact force that presses the contacts 10, 36, 34, and 12 toward each other.

[0088] In the closed position 74, a current path 68, schematically shown by the arrow, is formed by the first switching contact 10a and the second switching contact 10b. The current path 68 includes two parallel branches 68a and 68b through which current flows in the same direction and parallel to each other.

[0089] This current path 68 generates a magnetic field. This magnetic field at least partially compensates for the repulsive force that subsequently occurs in the event of a short circuit between terminals 32, which pushes contacts 8, 36, 34, and 12 apart from each other. Therefore, in the event of a short circuit, a smaller force acts against the driving force 66, allowing the driving force 66 applied by the drive system 18 to be configured to be somewhat smaller.

[0090] Figure 2 shows solid contact devices 28, 30 that can be used in the contact device 1 of Figure 1. The solid contact device forms a single structural unit, which has two parallel spring arms 38 extending away from a common base 70. The base 70 is firmly fixed to the housing of the contact back device 1 and is attached to a busbar, which can form, for example, substructures 52, 54. In this case, the layer 40 having the lowest electrical resistance abuts against the busbar. The two spring arms 38 can flex independently of each other and thus can compensate for positional tolerances of the contact bridges 4, 6. The two layers 40, 42 can form an arm 38 and extend integrally across the entire fixed contact device.

[0091] The base 70 is provided with a device 72 for fastening a fixed contact device, such as a through hole for a rivet or screw.

[0092] Figure 3 shows the contact device 1 in a closed position 74 in which the driving force 66 presses the switching contact 10, fixed contacts 34, 36, and auxiliary switching contact 12 against each other. The spring arms 38 of the fixed contact assemblies 28, 30 flex elastically along the switching direction 14.

[0093] When the drive system is turned off, the return spring 23 returns the contact device 1 to the open position 64.

[0094] Figures 4 to 7 show an example configuration of a contact device 1 or switching device 2 in which the first contact bridge 4 and the second contact bridge 6 are driven together along the switching direction 14 by a drive system 18. The contact device 1 includes a drive mechanism 76, which is actuated by the drive system 18, for example, a plunger 22, to move the contact device 1 from the closed position 74 shown in Figures 4 and 5 to the open position 64 shown in Figures 6 and 7. Here, the drive mechanism 76 converts the drive motion 78 of the plunger into the simultaneous motion of two contact bridges 4 and 6 along the switching direction 14. In the configuration shown here, the switching direction 14 is perpendicular to the direction of the drive motion 78. In other configurations of the drive mechanism 76, the drive motion 78 and the switching direction 14 may be parallel to each other.

[0095] In the configurations shown in Figures 4 to 7, the auxiliary switching contacts 12 are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction 8, similar to the switching contacts 10. Therefore, the contact bridges 4 and 6 extend parallel to each other at least in the closed position 74, but also in the open position 64. Furthermore, similar to the above configuration, the first contact bridge 4 extends directly in a straight line in the longitudinal direction 8 from the first switching contact 10a to the second switching contact 10b. Similar to the configuration described above, the second contact bridge 6 extends linearly in the longitudinal direction 8 from the first auxiliary switching contact 12a to the second auxiliary switching contact 12b. Similar to the configuration described above, such parallel arrangement of the first contact bridge 4 and the second contact bridge 6 in the closed position 74 can form two linear, and therefore short, branches of current paths extending parallel to each other.

[0096] The plunger 22 terminates, for example, at a ram 80, which drives together two levers 84 and 86 that are pivotable around a common axis 82, shown here as an example. A first contact bridge 4 is located on one lever 84, and a second contact bridge 6 is located on the other lever 86. A spring element 88 biases both levers 84 and 86 to, for example, the open position 64, so that the contact device 1 is in the open position when no force is applied. A spring element 88 can be provided instead of, or in addition to, the return spring 23.

[0097] The shaft 82 is fixed here to the housing. One end of the levers 84, 86 moves across the switching direction 14 along the ram 88 on the roller or sliding surface 90 as the ram 88 moves along the switching direction 78. This crossing motion causes the two levers 84, 86 to undergo flap motion around the shaft 82, thereby causing the contact bridges 4, 6 to move toward or away from each other.

[0098] Therefore, the drive mechanism 76 converts the driving force 66 into a flap moment 92 that counteracts the effect of the spring element 88, and thus the two contact bridges 4, 6 pivot toward the two fixed contact assemblies 28, 30 positioned between them.

[0099] The levers 84 and 86 can be configured at least partially as spring arms, thereby performing the function of an overtravel spring. At least one of the levers 84 and 86 may include, for example, two leg-shaped sub-regions 94 and 96 positioned substantially perpendicular to each other. One sub-region 96 can support the contact bridges 4 and 6 and form a spring arm. In the closed position 74, this lever extends substantially perpendicular to the switching direction 14. The other sub-region 94 extends substantially parallel to the switching direction 14, at least in the closed position of the illustrated configuration. The other sub-region 94 primarily functions to provide the lever force necessary to generate the flap moment 92 to the shaft 82.

[0100] In this configuration, the fixed contact assemblies 28 and 30 do not necessarily need to be elastically configured, as long as the motion of the switching contact 10 and auxiliary switching contact 12 from the open position to the closed position is sufficiently symmetrical. In the illustrated configuration, misalignment can be compensated for by elastic sub-regions 94 and 96.

[0101] Figures 5 and 7 further show that the contact device 1 and the switching device 2 can each include a blow magnet 98 that generates a magnetic field oriented across the switching direction 14. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0102] 1. Contact device 2 Switching devices 4. First Contact Bridge 6. Second Contact Bridge 8 Longitudinal direction 10 Switching Contacts 10a First switching contact 10b Second switching contact 12 Auxiliary switching contacts 12a First Auxiliary Switching Contact 12b Second Auxiliary Switching Contact 14 Switching direction 16 Portion for connection to a drive system 18 Drive system 20 Electromagnet 22 Plunger 23 Return spring 24 Over-travel spring 26 Holder 28 First fixed contact device 30 Second fixed contact device 32 Terminals of the switching device 34 Proximal fixed contact for contacting the switching contact 34a Proximal fixed contact of the first fixed contact device 34b Proximal fixed contact of the second fixed contact device 36 Distal fixed contact for contacting the auxiliary switching contact 36a Distal fixed contact of the first fixed contact device 36b Distal fixed contact of the second fixed contact device 38 Spring arm 40 First layer / conductor 42 Second layer / spring 44 Separation structure 5O Yoke structure 52 First partial structure 54 Second partial structure 56, 58 Legs 60, 62 Legs 64 Open position 66 Driving force 68 Current path 68a, 68b Branches 70 Base 72 Device for clamping 74 Closed position 76 Driving mechanism 78 Driving motion 80 Ram 82 Shaft 84, 86 Levers 88 Spring element 90 Sliding surface 92 Flap moment 94, 96 subregion 98 Blow Magnets

Claims

1. A contact bridge device (1) for a switching device (2) such as a relay or contactor, wherein the contact bridge device (1) - A first contact bridge (4) including a portion for connecting to the drive system (18), a first switching contact (10a), and a second switching contact (10b), The first switching contact (10a) and the second switching contact (10b) are separated from each other. The first contact bridge (4) is movable between an open position (64) and a closed position (74) along the switching direction (14), - A second contact bridge (6) including a first auxiliary switching contact (12a) and a second auxiliary switching contact (12b), The first auxiliary switching contact (12a) and the second auxiliary switching contact (12b) are separated from each other, and a second contact bridge (6) is formed. - A first fixed contact device (28), which is positioned between the first contact bridge (4) and the second contact bridge (6) in the switching direction (14), A first fixed contact device (28) includes a proximal fixed contact (34) for contacting the first switching contact (10a) and a distal fixed contact (36) for contacting the first auxiliary switching contact (12a), - A second fixed contact device (30), which is positioned between the first contact bridge (4) and the second contact bridge (6) in the switching direction (14), A second fixed contact device (30) includes a proximal fixed contact (34) for contacting the second switching contact (10b) and a distal fixed contact (36) for contacting the second auxiliary switching contact (12b). Equipped with, In the open position (64), The first switching contact (10a) is separated from the proximal fixed contact (34) of the first fixed contact device (28), and the distal fixed contact (36) of the first fixed contact device (28) is separated from the first auxiliary switching contact (12a). The second switching contact (10b) is separated from the proximal fixed contact (34) of the second fixed contact device (39), and the distal fixed contact (36) of the second fixed contact device is separated from the second auxiliary switching contact (12b). In the closed position (74), The first switching contact (10a) abuts against the proximal fixed contact (34) of the first fixed contact device (28), and the distal fixed contact (36) of the first fixed contact device (28) abuts against the first auxiliary switching contact (12a). A contact bridge device (1) wherein the second switching contact (10b) abuts against the proximal fixed contact (34) of the second fixed contact device (30), and the distal fixed contact (32) of the second fixed contact device abuts against the second auxiliary switching contact (12b).

2. At least in the closed position (74), The first switching contact (10a) and the first auxiliary switching contact (12a) are positioned to be aligned with each other in the switching direction (14), and / or The contact bridge device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the second switching contact (10b) and the second auxiliary switching contact (12b) are arranged to be aligned with each other in the switching direction (14).

3. The contact bridge device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first contact bridge (4) and the second contact bridge (6) extend parallel to each other at least in the closed position (74).

4. The contact bridge device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first contact bridge (4) extends linearly from the first switching contact to the second switching contact (10b), and / or the second contact bridge (6) extends linearly from the first auxiliary switching contact to the second auxiliary switching contact (12b).

5. The contact bridge device (1) includes a continuous current path (68) in the closed position (74), and the current path (68) is A first branch (68a) extends from the first switching contact (10a) through the first contact bridge (4) to the second switching contact (10b), A second branch (68b) extends from the first auxiliary switching contact (12a) through the second contact bridge (6) to the second auxiliary switching contact (12b) and Includes, The contact bridge device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first branch (68a) and the second branch (68b) extend parallel to each other in the same direction.

6. The contact bridge device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first fixed contact device (28) and the second fixed contact device (30) are formed by two separate components (28, 30) that are separated from each other across the switching direction (14).

7. The first fixed contact device (28) and / or the second fixed contact device (30) include a spring arm (38) that can be elastically flexed. The contact bridge device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the proximal fixed contact (34) and the distal fixed contact (36) of the first contact device (28) or the second contact device (30) are arranged on the spring arm (38).

8. The contact bridge device (1) according to claim 7, wherein the spring arm (38) is elastically deflected in the closed position (74) along the switching direction (14) relative to the open position (64).

9. The contact bridge device (1) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the spring arm (38) is configured in multiple layers.

10. The first fixed contact device (28) and / or the second fixed contact device (30) includes at least one further spring arm (38), The contact bridge device (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein at least one further proximal fixed contact (34) and at least one further distal fixed contact (36) of the first fixed contact device (28) or the second fixed contact device (30) are arranged on the at least one further spring arm (38).

11. The contact bridge device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the second contact bridge (6) is fixedly mounted or is arranged to be movable along the switching direction (14).

12. Switching device (2), A contact bridge device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, A drive system (18) connected to the first contact bridge (4) and configured to move the first contact bridge (4) between the open position (64) and the closed position (74) along the switching direction (14) and A switching device (2) comprising:

13. The switching device (2) according to claim 12, wherein the drive system (18) is connected to the second contact bridge (6) and is configured to move the second contact bridge (6) between the open position (64) and the closed position (74) along the switching direction (14).

14. The switching device (2) according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the direction of movement of the first contact bridge (4) from the open position (64) to the closed position (74) is opposite to the direction of movement of the second contact bridge (6) from the open position (64) to the closed position (74).

15. The switching device (2) according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the drive system (18) includes overtravel springs (24, 94) for both the first contact bridge (4) and the second contact bridge (6).

Images