lifting gear

Abstract

This system aims to improve the efficiency of rigging and unrigging operations, while also enabling the mechanical execution of these processes to suppress complexity and increase in size. [Solution] A lifting device 10 used for rigging and unrigging a suspended load, the lifting device 10 having a guide groove with an entrance into which a projection 101 provided on the suspended load 100 enters and an exit from which the projection exits, and a guide part provided on the outer surface of the lifting device 10 for guiding the projection 101 into the guide groove. The lifting device 10 further includes a check plate provided at the exit of the guide groove, and the check plate is biased toward the exit.

Description

Technical Field

[0005] ,

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a lifting tool used for hooking and unhooking.

Background Art

[0002] Generally, in cargo handling operations using a crane or the like, a worker performs hooking, which is to suspend a suspended load with a crane hook, and unhooking, which is to remove the suspended load from the crane hook. For the purpose of improving work efficiency and eliminating dangerous work, a lifting tool has been proposed to enable automation of the unhooking operation (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The lifting tool includes a gantry suspended from a crane, a hook rotatably supported by the gantry, and a fluid cylinder that rotationally drives the hook with compressed air from a compressor.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, the above-described lifting tool requires a compressor for operating the fluid cylinder. In addition, it is necessary to provide a hose for supplying compressed air from the compressor to the fluid cylinder. For this reason, there is a problem that the lifting tool becomes complicated or large-sized.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] The present disclosure provides a lifting tool that solves the above problems. The lifting tool is a lifting tool used for hooking and unhooking a suspended load, and includes a guide groove having an inlet into which a protrusion provided on the suspended load enters and an outlet from which the protrusion exits, and a guiding portion provided on an outer surface of the lifting tool for guiding the protrusion into the guide groove.

Effects of the Invention

[0006] According to this disclosure, it is possible to provide a lifting device that improves the efficiency of lifting and unlifting operations, and that enables mechanical lifting and unlifting, thereby suppressing complexity and size increases. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] This is a perspective view of a suspension frame and suspended load according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] This is a perspective view of the suspension device provided on the suspension frame of the same embodiment. [Figure 3] This is a perspective view showing the suspension frame of the same embodiment in a lowered state. [Figure 4] This is a perspective view of the suspension device of the same embodiment, seen from the rear. [Figure 5] This is a disassembled perspective view of the suspension device of the same embodiment. [Figure 6] This is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the suspension device according to the same embodiment. [Figure 7] Figures (a) to (e) show the operation of the suspension device in the same embodiment. [Figure 8] Figures (a) to (e) show the operation of the suspension device in the same embodiment. [Figure 9] This is the key part of the back of the modified suspension fixture. [Figure 10] This is a rear view of the modified suspension device. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0008] The following describes one embodiment of the suspension device. <Hanging stand> As shown in Figure 1, the suspension frame 11 comprises a frame body 12 and a suspension device 10. In this embodiment, the suspended load 100 is a steel frame assembled on the ground.

[0009] The frame body 12 is rectangular in shape, formed by assembling four steel members 12A into a frame. Lifting pieces 13 and shackles 14 are provided on the flat surfaces of the steel members 12A. A lifting wire rope 15 is passed through the shackles 14. The lifting wire rope 15 is attached to a crane hook 16 of a crane (not shown). Lifting devices 10 are attached to both ends of the pair of steel members 12A shown in Figure 1. As a result, a total of four lifting devices 10 are provided at each corner of the lifting frame 11.

[0010] The suspended load 100 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape assembled from 12 steel members 102. Two steel members 12A located at the top are each provided with projections 101. The projections 101 are attached to the suspended load 100 at approximately the same height. The projections 101 are equipped with bolts or the like, as will be described later.

[0011] Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the lifting device 10 from the front. Each of the lifting devices 10 is pivotally supported on the steel frame 12A by a fixing pin 17 at its base end 26. As a result, the four lifting devices 10 are supported on the steel frame 12A so that they can individually swing around the fixing pin 17. The tip 27 of each lifting device 10 hangs down from the steel frame 12A. Each of the lifting devices 10 is positioned to contact the projection 101 when the lifting frame 11 approaches the suspended load 100.

[0012] Figure 3 shows the state in which the lifting platform 11 is lowered and the load 100 is attached by the lifting device 10. A crane (not shown) lifts the load 100 by winding up a crane wire (not shown) while the load is attached. The crane then transports the lifting platform 11 and the load 100 to a predetermined position. After the load 100 is in the predetermined position, the sling is removed and the lifting platform 11 is removed.

[0013] <Hanging tool> The configuration of the suspension device 10 will be explained in detail with reference to Figures 4 to 6. Figure 4 is a perspective view of the lifting tool 10 as seen from the back side. As shown in Figure 4, the lifting tool 10 includes a main body 20 having a guide groove 21 and a check plate 22. The protrusion 101 of the suspended load 100 faces the back surface of the main body 20 and slides along the guide groove 21.

[0014] At the base end portion 26 of the main body 20, a mounting hole 28 for inserting the fixing pin 17 is formed. The tip end portion 27 of the main body 20 has a shape that tapers to an acute angle. The main body 20 includes a guiding portion 23 for guiding the protrusion 101 of the suspended load 100 into the guide groove 21. The guiding portion 23 has a first guiding surface 24 and a second guiding surface 25. The second guiding surface 25 is provided on one side surface S1 of the main body 20. The first guiding surface 24 is a surface continuous with the second guiding surface 25, and is inclined so as to extend downward, that is, in a direction away from the base end portion 26, from the lower end of one side surface S1 toward the lower end of the other side surface S2.

[0015] On the side surface S2 of the main body 20, a retreat surface 29 on which the protrusion 101 slides when removing the ball is provided. The retreat surface 29 is located above the check plate 22. The guide groove 21 opens on the back surface of the main body 20. The guide groove 21 has a first groove 31, a second groove 32, and a third groove 33. Taking the direction in which the second groove 32 extends through the center of the second groove 32 as the axis X1. The mounting hole 28 is located on the axis X1.

[0016] The first groove 31 has an inlet 34 into which the protrusion 101 enters. The end portion 38 of the first groove 31 on the side opposite to the inlet 34 is connected to the second groove 32. The first groove 31 is inclined with respect to the axis X1 so as to approach the tip end portion 27 from the inlet 34 to the end portion 38.

[0017] The other end of the second groove 32 on the side opposite to the one end connected to the first groove 31 is closed. This other end functions as a support portion 35 that supports the suspended load 100 via the protrusion 101 by abutting against the protrusion 101.

[0018] The third groove 33 has an exit 36 ​​through which the projection 101 exits. The third groove 33 is inclined with respect to the axis X1 so as to approach the tip 27 from the exit 36 ​​to the opposite end 39.

[0019] The outlet 36 is located higher than the inlet 34, closer to the base end 26. Furthermore, the end 38 of the first groove 31 and the end 39 of the third groove 33 are offset in the direction of axis X1, with the end 38 located lower than the end 39, closer to the tip 27. Between the end 38 and the end 39, a projection 37 is provided to prevent the projection 101 from returning from the third groove 33 to the first groove 31.

[0020] The check plate 22 is a thin, plate-shaped member. The check plate 22 is made of metal or resin. The check plate 22 is attached to the side of the main body 20 and is biased to close the outlet 36. The check plate 22 may be flexible and elastic.

[0021] Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view of the main body 20 of the suspension device 10. The main body 20 has a laminated structure in which a first base plate 41, a second base plate 42, and a third base plate 43 are stacked on top of each other. The outer shape of each base plate 41 to 43 is the same. Each base plate 41 to 43 is made of metal or resin. When stacked, each base plate 41 to 43 constitutes the guide section 23 (see Figure 4).

[0022] The first base plate 41 has a base end portion 44 and a tip portion 45. The first base plate 41 is stacked on the second base plate 42 and the third base plate 43 with a groove 47 between the base end portion 44 and the tip portion 45. The base end portion 44 and the tip portion 45 also have holes 49 formed therein for fastening the base plates 41 to 43 to each other with fastening portions 48.

[0023] The second base plate 42 has a base end portion 54 and a tip end portion 55. A recess 58 is formed on the side surface of the second base plate 42. The recess 58 is provided with a pivot portion 50 for supporting the base end portion of the check plate 22. The pivot portion 50 comprises a biasing portion 51 housed in the recess 58, a base 52 on which the biasing portion 51 is provided, and a shaft portion 53 pivotally supported in a hole (not shown) formed on the inner surface of the recess 58. The base end portion of the check plate 22 is fixed to the base 52. The biasing portion 51 is, for example, a coil spring, which applies a biasing force to the check plate 22 in the direction of closing the outlet 36.

[0024] The second base plate 42 is stacked on the first base plate 41 and the third base plate 43 with a groove 57 between its base end 54 and tip end 55. The grooves 47 of the first base plate 41 and the second base plate 42 constitute a guide groove 21. The width W2 of the groove 57 of the second base plate 42 is greater than the diameter of the bolt head of the projection 101. The width W1 of the groove 47 of the first base plate 41 is smaller than the diameter of the bolt head of the projection 101. As a result, when the first base plate 41 and the second base plate 42 are stacked, a stepped surface 65 (see Figures 4 and 7) is formed on the first base plate 41.

[0025] The third base plate 43 is stacked on top of the second base plate 42, thereby closing the grooves 47 and 57, excluding the inlet 34 and outlet 36. In addition, a confirmation hole 63 is formed at the tip of the third base plate 43 for confirming the position of the projection 101.

[0026] The first base plate 41, the second base plate 42, and the third base plate 43 have through holes 46, 56, and 61 for inserting fixing pins 17. The through holes 46, 56, and 61 constitute mounting holes 28 (see Figure 4). In addition, the first base plate 41, the second base plate 42, and the third base plate 43 have multiple holes 49, 59, and 62. The holes 49, 59, and 62 constitute through holes 60 (see Figure 4). The first base plate 41, the second base plate 42, and the third base plate 43 are fixed by inserting fastening parts 48 such as cap bolts through each of the through holes 60.

[0027] Figure 6 shows a cross-section of the main body 40 with the projection 101 engaged in the guide groove 21. The projection 101 comprises a bolt 105, a collar 108 which is a cylindrical member with a female thread formed on its inner surface, and a washer 109. The washer 109 is supported between the head 106 of the bolt 105 and the collar 108. The head 106 of the bolt 105 is located in the groove 57 of the second base plate 42. The shaft 107 of the bolt 105 and the collar 108 are inserted into the groove 47 of the first base plate 41. As described above, the width W1 of the groove 47 (see Figure 5) is smaller than the head 106 of the bolt 105. Therefore, even if the bolt 105 moves relative to the main body 40 in a direction that would cause it to pull out of the guide groove 21, the head 106 will contact the stepped surface 65 via the washer 109, as shown in Figure 6. This prevents the bolt 105 from being pulled out of the main body 40.

[0028] <Operation of this embodiment> Next, the operation of the suspension device 10 will be explained with reference to Figures 7 and 8. As described above, the head of the projection 101 enters the groove 57 of the second base plate 42, but does not enter the groove 47 of the first base plate 41. Therefore, in Figures 7 and 8, for convenience, the third base plate 43 of the suspension device 10 is removed, and the suspension device 10 is shown as viewed from the front, in order to show the position of the projection 101 within the guide groove 21.

[0029] (During unloading) A projection 101 is pre-attached to the suspended load 100. A lifting platform 11 is also attached to the crane hook 16. For example, the crane operator lowers the crane hook 16 by reeling in the crane wire. This causes the lifting platform 11 to descend.

[0030] As shown in Figure 7(a), as the lifting frame 11 descends, the projection 101 comes into contact with the first guide surface 24 of the lifting device 10 (lifting: lifting frame descending). As the lifting frame 11 descends further, the projection 101 slides along the first guide surface 24 toward the second guide surface 25. As the projection 101 approaches the second guide surface 25, the main body 20 tilts counterclockwise around the projection 101 in Figure 7. At this time, each of the lifting devices 10 can swing independently. Therefore, even if the height positions of the projections 101 are slightly different, each of the lifting devices 10 comes into contact with the projection 101 at a different timing, thus initiating the lifting process.

[0031] As shown in Figure 7(b), when the crane hook 16 is lowered further, the projection 101 moves from sliding on the first guide surface 24 to sliding on the second guide surface 25. At this time, the main body 20 tilts further by rotating counterclockwise around the projection 101 in Figure 7.

[0032] As shown in Figure 7(c), when the projection 101 reaches the entrance 34, the main body 20 is tilted significantly toward the projection 101. This makes it easier for the projection 101 to be guided into the guide groove 21. When the projection 101 enters the guide groove 21 from the entrance 34, the lifting platform 11 begins to rise (lifting: lifting platform rise). The projection 101 slides along the first groove 31. Also, when the projection 101 slides along the guide groove 21, the stepped surface 65 of the first base plate 41 prevents the projection 101 from coming out of the first base plate 41.

[0033] As shown in Figure 7(d), as the suspension frame 11 rises further, the projection 101 enters the second groove 32 from the first groove 31. When the projection 101 slides within the second groove 32, the axis X1 (see Figure 4) of the main body 20 becomes approximately parallel to the vertical direction.

[0034] As shown in Figure 7(e), as the suspension frame 11 rises further, the projection 101 comes into contact with the support portion 35. The position of the projection 101 in contact with the support portion 35 is called the support position. As described above, the head of the projection 101 is located within the groove 57 of the second base plate 42, so the head comes into contact with the end of the groove 57. For this reason, the support portion 35 includes at least the end of the groove 57 of the second base plate 42. The projection 101 at the support position is exposed through the inspection hole 63 (see Figure 2). The crane operator visually confirms through the inspection hole 63 that the projection 101 has reached the support position.

[0035] When the lifting platform 11 begins to rise, the projection 101 is supported by the support portion 35, and the suspended load 100 is lifted (lifting: lifting platform rises). Then, the operator operates the crane to transport the suspended load 100 to the desired position.

[0036] (During unloading) Figure 8(a) shows the projection 101 in the support position, which is the same state as in Figure 7(e). After the suspended load 100 lands at the target position, the descent of the suspension frame 11 begins, thereby releasing the load.

[0037] As shown in Figure 8(b), as the suspension frame 11 descends, the projection 101 slides upward in the second groove 32. At this time, the projection 101 comes into contact with the protrusion 37 at the end of the second groove 32, preventing the projection 101 from returning to the first groove 31. The projection 101 is guided into the third groove 33 by contact with the protrusion 37. The third groove 33 is inclined so as to approach the base end 26 from the protrusion 37 side towards the exit 36 ​​side. As a result, during the process of raising the suspension frame 11, the projection 101 pushes up the inner surface of the guide groove 21, causing the main body 20 to rotate clockwise in Figure 8(b).

[0038] As shown in Figure 8(c), when the suspension frame 11 descends further with the projection 101 having reached the exit 36, the projection 101 exits the exit 36 ​​against the biasing force of the check plate 22. As shown in Figure 8(d), as the suspension frame 11 descends further, the projection 101 comes into contact with the retraction surface 29, which is the side surface of the main body 20. The operator visually confirms that the projection 101 has reached the retraction surface 29 and raises the suspension frame 11. When the projection 101 is positioned on the retraction surface 29, the check plate 22 is biased toward the exit 36 ​​of the main body 20.

[0039] As shown in Figure 8(e), when the lifting frame 11 rises, the projection 101 slides along the side of the check plate 22 and moves below the position of the exit 36. As a result, the projection 101 is completely detached from the lifting device 10. The operator then removes the lifting device 10 from the suspended load 100.

[0040] <Effects of this embodiment> As described above, the following effects can be obtained according to this embodiment. (1) Lifting is performed by guiding the projection 101 of the suspended load 100 into the guide groove 21 via the guide part 23, and unloading is performed by moving the projection 101 out of the guide groove 21, thus enabling unmanned lifting and unloading. Furthermore, the lifting device 10 can repeatedly lift and unload simply by raising and lowering the crane hook 16. In this way, the lifting device 10 does not need to have a power source, so complexity and size can be suppressed. Moreover, since the lifting device 10 does not require power cables and hydraulic hoses to be connected to a power source, the number of parts can be reduced.

[0041] (2) The projection 101 is allowed to exit when it pushes the check plate 22 from inside the guide groove 21, and is prevented from entering from outside the guide groove 21. As a result, the ball can be removed without power from the lifting device 10. (3) The width W1 of the groove 47 formed in the first base plate 41 is smaller than the head of the projection 101, and the width W2 of the groove 57 formed in the second base plate 42 is larger than the head of the projection 101. Therefore, when the projection 101 enters the guide groove 21 from the entrance 34, it is possible to prevent the projection 101 from coming out of the first base plate 41.

[0042] (4) The guide groove 21 has a first groove 31 that extends in a direction inclined with respect to the lifting direction and has an entrance 34, a second groove 32 that extends parallel to the lifting direction and has a support portion 35 that supports the suspended load 100 via the projection 101, and a third groove 33 that extends in a direction inclined with respect to the lifting direction and has an exit 36 ​​for the guide groove 21. Therefore, when rigging, the projection 101 can be slid into the first groove 31 and guided into the second groove 32. Also, when removing the load, the projection 101 can be slid into the third groove 33 and the main body 20 can be tilted to guide the projection 101 to the exit 36.

[0043] (5) A projection 37 is provided between the first groove 31 and the third groove 33, so that the projection 101 does not return to the first groove 31 when removing the ball.

[0044] <Example of changes> The above embodiments can be implemented with the following modifications. Each embodiment and the following modifications can be combined with each other to the extent that they do not contradict each other technically.

[0045] (Hanging tool) Figure 9 shows a suspension device 10A with a modified shape of the guide groove 21. The suspension device 10A may have a guide groove 21A in which the projection 37 is omitted. For example, the guide groove 21A may have a shape in which the projection 37 of the above embodiment is not provided between the first groove 31A having an inlet 34A and the third groove 33A having an outlet 36A. In this embodiment, a check plate 110 may be provided in the middle of the first groove 31A. The check plate 110 is rotatably provided around a pivot shaft 110A provided on the main body 20. The pivot shaft 110A may be provided with a biasing part (not shown), such as a torsion coil spring, that biases the check plate 110 to its initial position. The check plate 110 is biased to the initial position shown by the solid line in Figure 9 so as to allow movement from the first groove 31A to the second groove 32A, but not to allow entry from the third groove 33A or the second groove 32A to the first groove 31A. In other words, when the projection 101 (not shown in Figure 9) enters the first groove 31A and comes into contact with the check plate 110, the check plate 110 rotates to the position shown by the dashed line in Figure 9, and the projection 101 enters the second groove 32A. Once the projection 101 passes the check plate 110, the check plate 110 returns to its initial position due to the biasing force. Therefore, when the projection 101 enters the third groove 33A from the second groove 32A, the check plate 110 is in its initial position, and the first groove 31A is closed. This prevents the projection 101 from returning from the third groove 33A to the first groove 31A, even without the protrusion 37.

[0046] Figure 10 shows a lifting device 10B with a modified body 20A. The body 20A may also have a projection 111 for guiding the projection 101 into the entrance 34. When the lifting frame 11 is lowered, the projection 101 of the suspended load 100 comes into contact with the projection 111. This makes it easier for the crane operator to guide the projection 101 into the guide groove 21.

[0047] The suspension device 10 is provided as having a laminated structure consisting of three base plates 41 to 43, but it may also be composed of two base plates 41 and 42. Alternatively, the suspension device 10 may be a single-layer structure with a guide groove 21 formed therein, rather than a laminated structure.

[0048] The entrance 34 of the guide groove 21 may be widened to facilitate the acceptance of the projection 101. In other words, the entrance 34 may be formed to be wider than the width of the first groove 31 excluding the entrance 34.

[0049] The guide groove 21 is not limited to the shape described above. The guide groove 21 may also have grooves other than the first groove 31, the second groove 32, and the third groove 33. For example, the main body 20 may further have a groove that connects the third groove 33 and the outlet 36. In this embodiment, the third groove 33 does not have an outlet 36, and the connecting groove that communicates with the third groove 33 has an outlet 36. In this case, the projection 101 can be guided by the connecting groove when removing the ball. Also, the check plate 22 can be omitted depending on the shape of the connecting groove.

[0050] (Hanging stand) In the above embodiment, the suspension devices 10 are provided at four locations on the suspension frame 11, but the suspension devices 10 may be provided at one location or at multiple locations other than four. The number and location of the suspension devices 10 can be changed according to the size and shape of the suspension frame 11.

[0051] In the above embodiment, the frame-shaped support body 12 is constructed using four steel members 12A, but it is not limited to this. The support body 12 may be composed of a single rod-shaped member. In this embodiment, suspension devices 10 are provided at both ends of the rod-shaped member.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the lifting platform 11 is raised and lowered by an operator operating the crane, but the crane may be operated unmanned or remotely to perform operations such as winding up and lowering the crane wire. In this case, an imaging device capable of capturing the relative position between the projection 101 and the guide groove 21 may be provided around the lifting device 10.

[0053] (hanging load) In the above embodiment, the suspended load 100 is provided with a projection 101, for example, made of a bolt, but the projection 101 only needs to be shaped to slide in the guide groove 21. For example, if the suspended load itself has a projection, the load can be rigged and unrigged using that projection without having to attach a new projection.

[0054] Next, the technical concepts that can be understood from the above embodiments and alternative examples are described below. [A] comprising a frame body and suspension devices provided at multiple positions on the frame body, The aforementioned suspension device is A guide groove having an entrance into which a projection provided on the suspended load enters and an exit from which the projection exits, The suspension device has a guide portion provided on its outer surface for guiding the projection into the guide groove, A suspension frame characterized in that each of the aforementioned suspension devices is pivotably attached to the frame body. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0055] 10,10A,10B...Hanging device, 11...Hanging frame, 12...Frame body, 17...Fixing pin, 20,20A...Body, 21,21A...Guide groove, 22...Check plate, 23...Guiding part, 24...First guiding surface, 25...Second guiding surface, 26...Base end, 27...Tip, 29...Retractable surface, 31,31A...First groove, 32,32A...Second groove, 33,33A...Third groove, 34,34A...Inlet, 35...Support part, 36,36A...Outlet, 37...Protrusion, 38, 39...end, 41...first base plate, 42...second base plate, 43...third base plate, 44...base end, 45...tip, 47...groove, 48...fastening part, 50...axis support, 51...biasing part, 52...base, 53...axis part, 54...base end, 55...tip, 57...groove, 58...recess, 63...confirmation hole, 65...stepped surface, 100...suspended load, 101...projection, 110...check plate, 111...protruding part, S1...side, S2...side.

Claims

1. A lifting device used for rigging and unrigging loads, A guide groove having an entrance into which a projection provided on the suspended load enters and an exit from which the projection exits, A lifting device characterized by having a guide portion provided on the outer surface of the lifting device for guiding the projection portion into the guide groove.

2. The guide groove is provided with a check plate at its outlet, The suspension device according to claim 1, wherein the check plate is biased toward the outlet.

3. The aforementioned suspension device has a laminated structure in which a first base plate, a second base plate, and a third base plate are stacked, and the guide groove is formed by a groove formed in the first base plate and a groove formed in the second base plate. The width of the groove formed in the first base plate is smaller than the head of the projection. The lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the width of the groove formed in the second base plate is greater than the head of the projection.

4. The aforementioned guide groove is A first groove extending in a direction inclined with respect to the lifting direction and having the aforementioned entrance, A second groove having a support portion that extends parallel to the lifting direction and supports the suspended load via the projection, The lifting device according to claim 1, further comprising a third groove extending in a direction inclined with respect to the lifting direction and having the outlet.

5. The groove having the entrance of the guide groove, The lifting device according to claim 1, wherein a projection is provided between the guide groove and the groove having the outlet to prevent the projection from returning.

Images