Evacuation shelter selection system, evacuation shelter selection method, and program
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- PASCO CORP
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-30
Smart Images
Figure 2026123359000001_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to an evacuation location selection system, an evacuation location selection method, and a program.
Background Art
[0002] The risk of inundation of residential areas due to heavy rain, floods, etc. has become apparent. In response, local governments and others are working on grasping the inundation risk and considering securing evacuation destinations for residents who may be affected by inundation disasters and evacuation guidance. In Patent Document 1, a technique is disclosed for dynamically selecting the evacuation destination of each resident according to the congestion status of each evacuation site, and for selecting and guiding a suitable evacuation route for each resident based on the positional relationship between the residence and the evacuation site and inundation prediction.
Prior Art Documents
Patent Documents
[0003]
Patent Document 1
Summary of the Invention
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
[0004] However, in the current evacuation site settings, there are problems such that the site may be difficult to use depending on the inundation situation or may be in a location where it is difficult to guide many residents, and sufficient evacuation sites are not always secured. In addition, there is a problem that if there are temporary stayers other than residents, the evacuation site may not be able to accommodate them all.
[0005] An object of this invention is to provide an evacuation location selection system, an evacuation location selection method, and a program capable of obtaining information for determining an evacuation location more suitable to the regional situation.
Means for Solving the Problems
[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention A difficult area acquisition unit that uses building data and flood depth data to acquire areas where evacuation is difficult during flood disasters, A human flow data processing unit that uses human flow data to calculate the maximum value of the population staying in the aforementioned difficult-to-evacuate area during multiple time periods, A candidate site extraction unit extracts candidate evacuation sites from within the aforementioned difficult-to-evacuate area that can provide a place to accommodate at least a portion of the population staying there during the flood disaster, A selection unit that selects an evacuation site from the candidate evacuation sites based on the maximum resident population, This is an evacuation site selection system equipped with [features / equipment]. [Effects of the Invention]
[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain information that is more appropriate to the local situation for determining evacuation sites. [Brief explanation of the drawing]
[0008] [Figure 1] This is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of an information processing device. [Figure 2] This diagram schematically shows areas where securing evacuation sites is necessary. [Figure 3] This figure shows examples of building designs that will serve as new evacuation sites. [Figure 4] This diagram shows the process for setting up evacuation shelters. [Figure 5] This flowchart shows the control procedure for the process of setting up areas where evacuation is difficult. [Figure 6] This flowchart shows the control procedure for the maximum occupancy population calculation control process. [Figure 7] This flowchart shows the control procedure for the process of extracting potential evacuation sites. [Figure 8] This flowchart shows the control procedure for determining evacuation locations. [Modes for carrying out the invention]
[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the information processing device 1 included in the evacuation site selection system of this embodiment.
[0010] The information processing device 1 includes a control unit 11, a storage unit 12, an input / output interface 13 (I / F), a display unit 14, an operation reception unit 15, and the like.
[0011] The control unit 11 provides overall control over the operation of the information processing device 1. The control unit 11 has a processor that performs arithmetic processing. The processor may be a single general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), or it may have multiple CPUs that perform arithmetic processing in parallel or independently depending on the application. The processor may include components specialized for specific arithmetic processing or image processing. The control unit 11 performs various control processing by reading and executing programs 120 and the like from the storage unit 12.
[0012] The storage unit 12 has RAM (Random Access Memory) and non-volatile memory, and stores various types of data. The RAM provides the control unit 11 with a working memory space and stores temporary data. The non-volatile memory stores and holds the program 120 and setting data, etc. The non-volatile memory is, for example, flash memory or HDD (Hard Disk Drive), but is not limited to these. The storage unit 12 may also have ROM (Read Only Memory). The ROM may store an initial control program, etc. The program 120 includes a control program related to the setting of evacuation locations, which will be described later.
[0013] The input / output interface 13 performs data input and output with the outside of the information processing device 1 (including peripheral devices). The input / output interface 13 has connection terminals 131 and a communication unit 132. The connection terminals 131 include, for example, USB (Universal Serial Bus) terminals and LAN (Local Area Network) connectors. The communication unit 132 controls communication according to a LAN-related communication protocol such as TCP / IP.
[0014] As peripheral devices as the learning data storage means of this embodiment, a database device 21 which is an auxiliary storage device, and an optical reading device 22 which reads portable storage media (optical disks) such as CD-ROMs, DVDs, and Blu-ray (registered trademark) may be included. Further, a magnetic tape may be included in the portable storage media, and a reading device which reads this magnetic tape may be included in the peripheral devices.
[0015] Data that can be acquired by the information processing apparatus 1 from the outside via the input / output interface 13 includes map data 201, building data 202, crowd flow data 203, and inundation depth data 204. The map data 201 includes a map including an area that is an extraction target of evacuation locations. The map includes information such as, for example, rivers, water channels, marshes and lakes, roads, buildings, and other land uses.
[0016] The building data 202 includes information on the area of each building described in the map. The building data 202 may include information on the construction year of the building and the structure (that is, wooden, steel frame, etc.). Information such as the current usage status, floors, uses, owners, etc. may be included. The information on uses and owners may be simple. For example, regarding uses, it is sufficient if it is possible to determine whether each building has already been set as an evacuation location and can be used as it is, can be made available if renovated, or is neither. Regarding the owner, for example, it is sufficient if it is possible to determine whether it is state-owned or not. Note that the building data 202 and the map data 201 may be integrated.
[0017] The crowd flow data 203 is data that numerically represents the movement of people and includes information on the staying population in the extraction target area of the evacuation site in each of a plurality of predetermined time zones. The staying population may represent the number of people staying within a predetermined range for a certain period of time, for example, 15 minutes or more. However, the staying population may include simple passing numbers. The crowd flow data 203 may be, for example, data obtained by aggregating position information obtained from radio waves received by a mobile terminal from positioning satellites of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System). Alternatively, the crowd flow data 203 may be based on data in which the staying area of each user is specified based on the wireless communication status between the mobile terminal and each base station, etc. The crowd flow data 203 may be obtained, for example, as the average value or maximum value of the staying population for the whole year or for a plurality of sampled days considering dependencies such as day of the week and season. In this case, the crowd flow may be underestimated for users without mobile terminals such as minors and the elderly. For example, in areas with many minors such as around schools or areas with many elderly people such as around hospitals, the staying population may be corrected based on auxiliary data such as the number of commuting students and the number of hospital visitors.
[0018] The crowd flow data 203 may be defined, for example, with the staying population for each time zone, for example, every hour, with unit areas (meshes) divided in a grid pattern for each unit area. The size of the unit area may be, for example, 100 - 125 m on each side. The vertical and horizontal widths of the unit area may be different from each other. Such crowd flow data 203 may be obtained or purchased as something created by a third party.
[0019] The inundation depth data 204 includes information on the inundation area assumed during flooding and the maximum water depth during inundation. The inundation depth data 204 may be used to specify the inundation area by overlapping it with the map data 201.
[0020] The display unit 14 displays information on the display screen based on the control of the control unit 11. The display screen is, for example, a liquid crystal display or an organic EL (Electro-Luminescent) display, but is not limited to these.
[0021] The operation reception unit 15 receives input operations from an external source and outputs an operation signal corresponding to the input operation to the control unit 11. The operation reception unit 15 includes, for example, a keyboard and a pointing device. The pointing device may be a mouse. The display unit 14 and / or the operation reception unit 15 may be peripheral devices of the information processing device 1. That is, they may be attached to the main body (computer) of the information processing device 1, which includes the control unit 11, the storage unit 12, and the input / output interface 13.
[0022] Next, we will explain how to select evacuation sites during flood disasters. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing areas where securing evacuation sites is necessary. Evacuation during flooding disasters can be divided into two types: vertical evacuation, which involves moving to upper floors (usually the second floor or higher) within the same building, and horizontal evacuation, which involves moving to an area that will not be flooded or to the upper floors of another building. Single-story buildings, buildings where the upper floors will also be flooded, and buildings that are likely to collapse or be lost due to flood currents or riverbank erosion are buildings where vertical evacuation is difficult. Furthermore, buildings where there are no areas that can be reached within a certain distance from the building, for example within 500 meters, or where it is necessary to cross a river to reach an area that will not be flooded, are buildings where horizontal evacuation is difficult.
[0023] Buildings that make both horizontal and vertical evacuation difficult are considered difficult to evacuate from, and areas with a large number of such buildings are designated as difficult-to-evacuate zones during flood disasters. For difficult-to-evacuate zones, it is necessary to secure evacuation sites, that is, buildings that are within a specified distance, have upper floors that are not flooded, and are not expected to be lost due to water flow.
[0024] Evacuation shelters are buildings that accommodate residents or visitors (people unable to evacuate) of buildings that are difficult to evacuate from within a difficult-to-evacuate zone (difficult-to-evacuate buildings). These evacuation shelters only need to provide temporary shelter during flooding and are not intended for long-term evacuation. Therefore, they are not required to have the necessary size or facilities for long-term evacuation. Evacuation shelters must be located in a position that allows for horizontal evacuation from difficult-to-evacuate buildings, and there may be multiple shelters if necessary.
[0025] Here, the population facing difficulties in evacuation includes not only residents but also temporary occupants such as workers. In order to accommodate the entire population, including temporary occupants, in areas facing difficulties in evacuation, evacuation sites must be designated to accommodate the maximum population facing difficulties in evacuation, that is, the maximum number of people staying in areas facing difficulties in evacuation (maximum occupancy population).
[0026] In Figure 2, the residential area located near River R is included in the flood-prone area A1. Within this area, the portion along River R, far from Road R1 and Building B2 (which are outside the flood-prone area A1), is designated as a difficult-to-evacuate zone A2. Evacuation from this difficult-to-evacuate zone A2 to the opposite bank, outside the flood-prone area A1, via Bridge C, is not considered.
[0027] Within the difficult-to-evacuate zone A2, for example, the upper floors of building B1 are considered as potential evacuation sites as they are areas where evacuation is possible. Additionally, vacant lots V1 and V2 exist within the difficult-to-evacuate zone A2. If these vacant lots are not land from which vertical evacuation is impossible, and are public land or abandoned land that can be easily acquired, then these vacant lots can be considered as potential evacuation sites, as they are land on which buildings capable of providing evacuation shelters to accommodate at least some of the people staying in the difficult-to-evacuate zone during a flood disaster can be constructed.
[0028] Figure 3 shows an example of a building design intended for use as a new evacuation site. Using Figure 3(a), we will explain the case where a new building B3 that can be used as an evacuation site is constructed on vacant lot V2. Building B3 is constructed on vacant lot V2 with floors higher than the expected maximum flood depth. The floor area of the floors higher than the maximum flood depth is determined to be the area necessary to accommodate evacuees according to the maximum population. However, if one vacant lot cannot accommodate the maximum population of evacuees, evacuation sites may be designated in two or more locations. Evacuation sites may be used in combination with other purposes. For example, in Figure 3(b), the second floor B32 of the two-story section may be an event venue or conference room. Also, for example, the second and third floors B33 and B34 of the three-story section may be a multi-story parking garage. Alternatively, the two-story section may be a regular shopping center and not be designated as an evacuation site. Furthermore, there may be residential sections on the upper floors above the two-story section. Even in the case of a multi-story parking garage, if it includes parking spaces for residents of the residential sections, those parking spaces may be excluded from the evacuation site. In other words, once the location and number of evacuees required for newly secured evacuation sites are determined, development plans should be proposed that are as close as possible to the site conditions and the needs and requirements of the region, and should include room for private sector participation. At this stage, detailed designs and structures do not need to be determined.
[0029] Figure 4 shows the flow of setting up evacuation sites. In the evacuation site selection method of this embodiment, the control unit 11 acquires building data 202 and inundation depth data 204 within the flood prediction area (P1). As a difficult area acquisition unit, the control unit 11 determines whether evacuation is possible for each building within the flood prediction area based on the acquired building data 202 and inundation depth data 204. The difficult area acquisition unit sets an area where buildings that are difficult to evacuate are lined up as a difficult evacuation area (P2; difficult area acquisition means). Buildings that are possible to evacuate vertically but difficult to evacuate horizontally may also be included as difficult evacuation buildings, and the area where such difficult evacuation buildings are located may be included in the difficult evacuation area. Alternatively, depending on the length of time it is expected to take for the water to recede once flooded, buildings that are possible to evacuate vertically but difficult to evacuate horizontally may be included as difficult evacuation buildings, and it may be determined whether or not to include such difficult evacuation buildings in the difficult evacuation area. That is, in areas where rescue operations will ultimately be necessary from individual buildings if the water does not recede for a long time, buildings that are possible to evacuate vertically may be included as difficult evacuation buildings within the difficult evacuation area.
[0030] The maximum population of each difficult-to-evacuate area is calculated based on the human flow data 203. The control unit 11, acting as a human flow data processing unit, identifies the time period in which the total number of people staying in the difficult-to-evacuate area is highest among the people staying in each mesh for each time period, and sets the total people staying in that time period as the maximum people staying (P3; human flow data processing means). If only a part of a mesh belongs to a difficult-to-evacuate area, as described later, a part of the people staying in that mesh is set as the people staying in the difficult-to-evacuate area. In this case, the human flow data processing unit may obtain the age distribution of the maximum people staying.
[0031] Meanwhile, the control unit 11, acting as a candidate site extraction unit, extracts candidate evacuation sites in the difficult-to-evacuate zone (P4; candidate site extraction means). Candidate evacuation sites include buildings that are reachable from each building in the difficult-to-evacuate zone within the range that satisfies the above-mentioned horizontal evacuation conditions, and that also allow for vertical evacuation, as well as areas where buildings that allow for vertical evacuation can be constructed. Among these buildings that allow for vertical evacuation and areas where buildings can be constructed, those that can accommodate a large number of residents or visitors in the difficult-to-evacuate zone other than the residents of the building are selected, taking into consideration their area and intended use.
[0032] The control unit 11, acting as a selection unit, selects and confirms (selects) evacuation sites from candidate evacuation sites according to the maximum population that can stay (population that cannot evacuate) (P5; selection means). Specifically, for example, the selection unit sets a capacity for each building according to its area. The capacity for each building means the number of people that can be accommodated in the candidate evacuation site where the building exists or can be built. The selection unit selects one or more candidate evacuation sites as evacuation sites so that the total capacity is equal to or greater than the maximum population that can stay.
[0033] Figure 5 is a flowchart showing the control procedure for the evacuation difficulty zone setting control process. This process corresponds to step P2 above. The difficult area acquisition unit acquires the flood-prone area by referring to the flood depth data 204 (S21). Based on the flood-prone area, the difficult area acquisition unit sets the horizontal evacuation difficult zone (S22). Specifically, for example, the difficult area acquisition unit sets the horizontal evacuation difficult zone as the area inside the flood-prone area that is located at a predetermined distance or more along a road from the boundary of the flood-prone area. Roads do not include bridges crossing rivers. Roads that may become impassable due to riverbank erosion or landslides may also be excluded.
[0034] The difficult area acquisition unit sequentially selects buildings within the horizontal evacuation difficult zone (S23). The difficult area acquisition unit obtains the number of floors of the selected buildings (S24). The difficult area acquisition unit sets the vertical height of the building by multiplying the value obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of floors of the building by a predetermined unit height, for example, 3m (S25). This allows the floor height of the top floor of the building to be roughly determined.
[0035] The difficult area acquisition unit acquires the maximum inundation depth at the location based on the inundation depth data 204 (S26). The difficult area acquisition unit determines whether the vertical height is greater than or equal to the maximum inundation depth (S27). If it is determined that the vertical height is less than or equal to the maximum inundation depth (S27;N), the difficult area acquisition unit sets the selected building as a building that is difficult to evacuate (S29). After that, the processing of the difficult area acquisition unit proceeds to process S30. If it is determined that the vertical height is greater than the maximum inundation depth (S27;Y), the difficult area acquisition unit determines whether the selected building is a dangerous building that may be lost due to water flow, riverbank erosion, etc. (S28). If it is determined that it is a building at risk of loss (S28;Y), the processing of the difficult area acquisition unit proceeds to process S29 and sets the selected building as a building that is difficult to evacuate. If it is determined that it is not a building at risk of loss (S28;N), the processing of the difficult area acquisition unit proceeds to process S30. In this case, the selected building may be explicitly designated as a candidate building that could serve as an evacuation site.
[0036] When the process moves to step S30, the difficult area acquisition unit determines whether all buildings have been selected (S30). If it is determined that not all buildings have been selected, i.e., that there are buildings that have not been selected (S30;N), the difficult area acquisition unit returns to step S23. If it is determined that all buildings have been selected (S30;Y), the difficult area acquisition unit sets the difficult evacuation zone based on the set distribution of buildings that are difficult to evacuate (S31). Then, the difficult area acquisition unit terminates the difficult evacuation zone setting control process.
[0037] Figure 6 is a flowchart showing the control procedure for the maximum occupancy population calculation control process. This process corresponds to step P3 in Figure 4. The pedestrian flow data processing unit selects unit areas that include at least a portion of the difficult-to-evacuate zone (S41). The pedestrian flow data processing unit obtains the population occupying each selected unit area for each time period (S42). The population occupying is obtained from pedestrian flow data 203. The length of stay may be, for example, 15 minutes. The pedestrian flow data processing unit allocates (prorates) the population of each unit area for each time period to each building in that unit area according to its plan view area (S43). For example, the pedestrian flow data processing unit obtains the buildings in each unit area and the plan view area of each building by referring to building data 202. The pedestrian flow data processing unit calculates the total area by adding up the plan view areas of all buildings in the unit area. The pedestrian flow data processing unit allocates the population of the unit area to each building based on the plan view area of each building relative to the total area. For each time period, the pedestrian flow data processing unit calculates the difficult-to-evacuate population by adding up the population allocated to difficult-to-evacuate buildings within the difficult-to-evacuate zone for multiple unit areas (S44). If the entire unit area is a difficult-to-evacuate zone, the population staying in the unit area is considered the difficult-to-evacuate population for that unit area. If only a portion of the unit area is within the difficult-to-evacuate zone, the difficult-to-evacuate population for that unit area is the sum of the populations staying in buildings within the difficult-to-evacuate zone in a plan view.
[0038] The pedestrian flow data processing unit identifies the maximum value of the population unable to evacuate, calculated for each time period, and the time period in which that maximum value occurs (S45). The pedestrian flow data processing unit then identifies the population unable to evacuate for each unit area during the time period in which the maximum value occurs (S46). Finally, the pedestrian flow data processing unit terminates the maximum occupancy population calculation control process.
[0039] Figure 7 is a flowchart showing the control procedure for the process of extracting potential evacuation sites. This process corresponds to step P4 in Figure 4. The candidate site selection department selects buildings within the difficult-to-evacuate zone that are not at risk of loss (S61). The risk of loss is determined by factors such as being washed away by river flooding or collapsing due to riverbank erosion, as described above. The candidate site selection department then determines whether the selected buildings are unsuitable as evacuation sites, taking into account their area, use, and location, and excludes unsuitable buildings (S62). The candidate site selection department may also exclude buildings that are too small to accommodate the minimum number of people required as evacuation sites. The candidate site selection department may also exclude buildings such as private residences, factories, research institutes, and offices that are unsuitable for the general public to enter as evacuation sites. The candidate site selection department may also exclude buildings located on land where access requires traversing roads that pose a risk of landslides, or buildings with large elevation differences that make them difficult for the elderly and others to reach.
[0040] The candidate site selection unit extracts buildings that can be rebuilt within the difficult-to-evacuate zone (S63). The candidate site selection unit may determine whether a building can be rebuilt based on, for example, whether it is a building already scheduled for demolition, a building that does not meet the latest seismic standards, or a building whose owner has effectively abandoned its use. The candidate site selection unit extracts vacant lots within the difficult-to-evacuate zone (S64). Buildings that will serve as new evacuation sites can be constructed on these vacant lots. The capacity can be increased or adjusted by constructing buildings of appropriate height (floors). For example, the candidate site selection unit may determine the capacity of a candidate evacuation site that is a vacant lot so that it exceeds the maximum capacity of the population that has difficulty evacuating as required above. Parking lots and forests may be added to the vacant lot category depending on the situation, or they may not be considered vacant lots. The candidate site selection unit excludes vacant lots that cannot be designated as evacuation sites based on their area, ownership, etc. (S65). The candidate site selection unit may, for example, use public land or other land owned by the government as candidate evacuation sites. The candidate site selection unit may exclude land that is privately owned, such as temporary vacant lots with established use plans, or land that is difficult or would require significant expense to construct buildings, such as wetlands, as unsuitable land.
[0041] The candidate selection unit calculates the area and capacity for each of the remaining candidate evacuation sites selected (S66). The candidate selection unit calculates the usable area for evacuees by multiplying the area of each candidate evacuation site by a predetermined percentage, for example, 80%. The candidate selection unit then calculates the usable area as space per person, for example, 2m². 2 The capacity may be calculated by dividing by [a certain factor]. The area of each candidate evacuation site may be the planar area, but in the case of a multi-story building, it may be the area multiplied by the number of floors to which evacuation is possible. If the total capacity of the selected candidate evacuation sites is less than the total population with evacuation difficulties, the selection criteria may be lowered, for example, by lowering the minimum required area or by increasing the capacity on the premise of increasing the number of floors of vacant land.
[0042] The candidate site extraction unit may set a priority order for each extracted candidate site. The priority order may be determined quantitatively by quantifying the degree of suitability or unsuitability of each site. For example, the candidate site extraction unit may be configured to prioritize the selection of sites that have already been designated and used as evacuation sites, or it may be configured from the beginning in order of the best conditions. Alternatively, the candidate site extraction unit may be configured to prioritize the selection of evacuation sites that are close to the centroid of the people staying in the difficult-to-evacuate zone. Distribution data from one or more past sample dates and times may be used for the distribution of people staying in the zone. If the actual distribution of people staying in the zone is unknown, for example, the centroid may be set as the average position weighted according to the area of buildings within the difficult-to-evacuate zone. In addition, the elevation of the candidate evacuation site and, in the case of existing buildings, the presence or absence of barrier-free facilities may be considered. When river flooding or levee breaches are considered, the lower the elevation, the easier it is for the elderly and others to access. On the other hand, when tsunamis, storm surges, or dam breaches are considered, the higher the elevation, the greater the safety. Additionally, the priority of candidates that include dangerous areas along evacuation routes, such as those prone to landslides, may be lowered. The candidate site extraction unit then terminates the process of extracting candidate evacuation sites.
[0043] Figure 8 is a flowchart showing the control procedure for determining evacuation locations. This process corresponds to step P5 in Figure 4.
[0044] The selection unit selects candidate evacuation sites (S81). The number of selected candidate evacuation sites may be multiple, provided that the total number is equal to or greater than the maximum required number of people who have difficulty evacuating. The selection unit assigns the evacuation destinations of the people staying in each difficult-to-evacuate building to the candidate evacuation sites according to predetermined conditions, such as being within an appropriate distance and travel time from the building (S82). The selection unit compares the people staying in each difficult-to-evacuate building with the capacity of the candidate evacuation sites. At this time, predetermined conditions may be set so that the people staying in each difficult-to-evacuate building do not exceed the capacity of the candidate evacuation site. The selection unit determines whether or not evacuation destinations could be set for the people staying in all difficult-to-evacuate buildings (S83). If it is determined that evacuation destinations could be set for all people who have difficulty evacuating, that is, that there were no people who had no evacuation destinations determined (S83; Y), the selection unit confirms the selected candidate sites as selection targets and terminates the evacuation site confirmation process.
[0045] If it is determined that evacuation destinations could not be set for all of the people who have difficulty evacuating, that is, if it is determined that there are people who have difficulty evacuating and whose evacuation destinations have not been determined (S83;N), the selection unit determines whether there are any remaining candidate evacuation sites that have not been selected (S84). If it is determined that there are no remaining candidate evacuation sites (S84;N), the selection unit outputs a message indicating that there is insufficient capacity (S86) and terminates the evacuation site confirmation process.
[0046] If it is determined that there are remaining unselected evacuation site candidates (S84; Y), the selection unit adds the unselected evacuation site candidates or changes them from the currently selected candidates (S85). After that, the selection unit returns to process S83.
[0047] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible. For example, while pedestrian flow data was used to calculate the resident population, it is not necessary to use only pedestrian flow data. Other information, such as the aforementioned school and medical visit data, as well as visitor data for various commercial facilities, may be used in combination.
[0048] Furthermore, the specific method for calculating the capacity of each evacuation center is not limited to the above. For example, the available space may be changed or set according to the type of building, etc.
[0049] Furthermore, while the above method estimates the population of residents in areas where evacuation is difficult by using the population of residents at the mesh level and assigning it to each building according to the area ratio in a plan view, this method is not limited to this. For example, the population of residents in each building could be calculated by assigning individual location information to the nearest building, or it might be possible to determine whether an individual location is inside or outside an area where evacuation is difficult without assigning it to a building at all.
[0050] Furthermore, while the above describes a system for selecting evacuation locations using a single information processing device 1, it is not limited to this configuration. Multiple information processing devices may perform the extraction and setting of evacuation locations through distributed processing or other means.
[0051] Furthermore, while the above description has used a storage unit 12 consisting of an HDD, flash memory, or other non-volatile memory as an example of a computer-readable medium for storing the program 120 related to the evacuation location selection control of the present invention, the invention is not limited to these. Other computer-readable mediums that can be used include other non-volatile memories such as MRAM, and portable recording media such as CD-ROMs and DVD discs. In addition, a carrier wave can also be used as a medium for providing the program data according to the present invention via a communication line. Furthermore, the specific configurations, processing operations, and procedures shown in the above embodiments can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention includes the scope of the invention described in the claims and its equivalents.
[0052] As described above, the information processing device 1 of this embodiment includes a control unit 11. The control unit 11, as a difficult area acquisition unit, uses building data 202 and flood depth data 204 to acquire areas where evacuation is difficult during a flood disaster. The control unit 11, as a human flow data processing unit, uses human flow data 203 to calculate the maximum value of the population staying in the difficult evacuation area during multiple time periods. The control unit 11, as a candidate extraction unit, extracts candidate evacuation sites from within the difficult evacuation area that can provide a place to accommodate the population staying there during a flood disaster. The control unit 11, as a selection unit, selects an evacuation site from the candidate evacuation sites based on the maximum population staying there and the capacity of the candidate evacuation site. In this way, the information processing device 1 can identify the number of people who need to evacuate during a flood disaster using not only the residents but also the population staying there, and can extract and select areas where that number of people can evacuate. This makes it possible to prevent situations where people who need to evacuate cannot evacuate, and to promote the creation of safer cities. In particular, it is possible to systematically plan the construction of buildings that can be used for evacuation, taking into account the occurrence of flood disasters, for example, by incorporating it into redevelopment projects. Therefore, this information processing device 1 can provide information to determine evacuation shelters that are more in line with local conditions.
[0053] Furthermore, the selection committee may choose evacuation sites by considering both vertical evacuation within buildings in areas where evacuation is difficult, and horizontal evacuation from buildings to potential evacuation sites. By selecting evacuation sites in a way that newly enables horizontal evacuation from areas where horizontal evacuation was previously difficult, the safe evacuation of the population staying there can be ensured. In addition, since the evacuation sites are set at a height that ensures vertical evacuation based on the inundation depth data 204, it becomes possible to safely evacuate to a safe place.
[0054] Furthermore, the evacuation area acquisition unit may identify buildings that are difficult to evacuate to during a flood disaster and acquire evacuation areas based on the distribution of such buildings. The human flow data processing unit may allocate the occupant population for each mesh to buildings located within that mesh according to the planar area of each building, and calculate the maximum occupant population in the evacuation area by summing the occupant population allocated to the buildings that are difficult to evacuate. The selection unit may determine comparison targets between buildings that are difficult to evacuate and candidate evacuation sites based on predetermined conditions such as the distance and time required for the evacuation of those who have difficulty evacuating, so as to cover the occupant population allocated to each building that is difficult to evacuate, and may select evacuation sites by comparing the maximum occupant population with the capacity of the candidate evacuation sites. In this way, the maximum occupant population can be estimated by appropriately utilizing the occupant population at the mesh level that is currently available. As a result, the information processing device 1 can select evacuation sites for occupants in each building that is difficult to evacuate, while satisfying the appropriate conditions for evacuation routes and corresponding to the appropriate capacity of the evacuation sites.
[0055] Furthermore, the evacuation site selection method of this embodiment includes the following steps: (1) Using building data 202 and flood depth data 204, acquire areas where evacuation is difficult during a flood disaster. (2) Using pedestrian flow data 203, calculate the maximum value of the population staying in the areas where evacuation is difficult during multiple time periods. (3) Extract candidate evacuation sites from within the areas where evacuation is difficult. (4) Based on the maximum resident population and the capacity of the candidate evacuation sites, select an evacuation site from the candidate sites. According to this evacuation site selection method, it is possible to extract and select areas where not only residents but also the resident population can evacuate during a flood disaster. This prevents situations where people who need to evacuate cannot evacuate, and makes it possible to promote the creation of safer cities. In particular, it is possible to plan the construction of buildings that can be used for evacuation, taking into account the occurrence of flood disasters. Therefore, according to this evacuation site selection method, it is possible to obtain information for determining evacuation shelters that are more in line with the local situation. Also, the amount of information in pedestrian flow data is very large, and its data processing tends to be complex. However, this method for selecting evacuation sites does not process pedestrian flow data directly, but rather assigns the pedestrian flow data to buildings and then compares the assigned buildings with potential evacuation sites to narrow down the comparison targets. As a result, this method simplifies processing, reduces data processing while maintaining the required accuracy, and makes it possible to select evacuation sites in a simplified manner.
[0056] Furthermore, by installing and running the program 120 related to the above-mentioned evacuation site selection method on a computer, it becomes possible to easily set evacuation sites according to the population and formulate evacuation plans using a regular PC or other computer. [Explanation of Symbols]
[0057] 1. Information Processing Device 11 Control Unit 12 Storage section 120 programs 13 Input / Output Interfaces 131 Connection terminals 132 Communications Department 14 Display section 15 Operation reception section 21 Database Device 22 Optical reading device 201 Map Data 202 Building Data 203 people flow data 204 Flood Depth Data A1 Flood-prone area A2 Difficult evacuation area
Claims
1. A difficult area acquisition unit that uses building data and flood depth data to acquire areas where evacuation is difficult during flood disasters, A human flow data processing unit that uses human flow data to calculate the maximum value of the population staying in the aforementioned difficult-to-evacuate area during multiple time periods, A candidate site extraction unit extracts candidate evacuation sites from within the aforementioned difficult-to-evacuate area that can provide a place to accommodate at least a portion of the population staying there during the flood disaster, A selection unit that selects an evacuation site from the candidate evacuation sites based on the maximum population size and the capacity of the candidate evacuation sites, An evacuation shelter selection system equipped with the following features.
2. The evacuation site selection system according to claim 1, wherein the selection unit selects the evacuation site considering vertical evacuation within a building in the area where evacuation is difficult and horizontal evacuation from the building to the candidate evacuation site.
3. The aforementioned evacuation area acquisition unit identifies buildings that are difficult to evacuate from during the flood disaster, and acquires the evacuation area based on the distribution of such buildings. The pedestrian flow data processing unit allocates the resident population for each unit area to buildings located within that unit area according to the plan view area of each building, and calculates the maximum resident population in the difficult-to-evacuate area by summing the resident population allocated to the difficult-to-evacuate buildings from the allocated resident population. The selection unit determines a comparison target between the building that is difficult to evacuate and the candidate evacuation site under predetermined conditions, and selects the evacuation site by comparing the maximum value of the occupant population with the capacity of the candidate evacuation site. The evacuation site selection system according to claim 1.
4. Using building data and flood depth data, we can identify areas where evacuation is difficult during flood disasters. Using human flow data, the maximum value of the population staying in the aforementioned difficult-to-evacuate area during multiple time periods is calculated. From within the aforementioned difficult-to-evacuate area, candidate evacuation sites are selected that can provide a place to accommodate at least a portion of the population staying there during the flood disaster. Based on the maximum number of people staying and the capacity of the candidate evacuation sites, an evacuation site is selected from the candidate evacuation sites. Methods for selecting evacuation sites.
5. Computer A method for acquiring areas where evacuation is difficult during flood disasters, using building data and flood depth data. A human flow data processing means that uses human flow data to calculate the maximum value of the population staying in the aforementioned difficult-to-evacuate area during multiple time periods. Candidate site extraction means for extracting candidate evacuation sites from within the aforementioned difficult-to-evacuate area that can provide a place to accommodate at least a portion of the population staying there during the flood disaster, A selection means for selecting an evacuation site from the candidate evacuation sites based on the maximum population of people staying and the capacity of the candidate evacuation sites. A program that makes it function as such.