Lifting equipment and construction methods using lifting equipment

Abstract

To provide lifting equipment that can contribute to shortening construction periods and reducing the labor involved in construction work. [Solution] The lifting device has a first portion that corresponds to a part of the upper back surface of the retaining wall block, a second portion that corresponds to a part of the upper surface of the retaining wall block, a first frame that connects the first portion and the second portion, a third portion that is connected to the first frame and can reach a part of the front surface of the retaining wall block, and a first arm that is connected to the first frame and extends above the front surface of the retaining wall block so that the retaining wall block can be suspended via the lifting device. The lifting device makes it possible to lift the retaining wall block by placing the first and second portions against one end of the retaining wall block which is the upper part of the retaining wall block and hooking the third portion onto the front surface of the retaining wall block.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a lifting tool such as a block for a retaining wall and a construction method.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a retaining wall block excellent in workability during the construction of a retaining wall and a retaining wall construction method excellent in workability. It is a retaining wall block used for the construction of an inclined retaining wall formed by installing an upper retaining wall block on a lower retaining wall block, and includes a support member that can be attached to the upper surface of the retaining wall block and an insertion hole on the lower surface of the retaining wall block. When the support member is attached to the upper surface, it has a support portion protruding from the upper surface. The insertion hole is formed at a position where the support portion of the support member of the lower retaining wall block is inserted when the upper retaining wall block is installed on the lower retaining wall block. The support member of the lower retaining wall block is inserted into the insertion hole of the upper retaining wall block installed on the lower retaining wall block to maintain the installation state of the upper retaining wall block.

[0003] Patent Document 2 describes providing a panel placement device that can move a plurality of panels and place the panels one by one, enabling high-speed panel placement. It also describes providing a panel placement device that can shorten the occupancy time of a mobile crane, enable panel placement with a single input operation, and reduce the manpower required for placement. The panel placement device places panels in a predetermined surface area. It includes gripping portions arranged opposite to each other with an interval, and adjustment connection means that adjusts the interval between the opposing gripping portions and bears the connection when lifting the gripping portions. In the adjacent area between the gripping portions and the adjustment connection means, there is power transmission means that enables the panel held by the gripping portions to move horizontally and vertically between the gripping portions. And the gripping portions are connected on the lower side of the adjustment connection means.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

[0005] When constructing retaining walls, it is often required to suspend and move heavy objects such as retaining wall blocks. For example, eliminating the need to repeatedly attach and detach suspension bolts or adjust the spacing between gripping points to suspend retaining wall blocks is important for shortening construction time and reducing the labor involved in construction work. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] One aspect of the present invention is a lifting device for retaining wall blocks. This lifting device has a first part that corresponds to a part of the upper back surface of the retaining wall block, a second part that corresponds to a part of the upper surface of the retaining wall block, a first frame that connects the first part and the second part, a third part that is connected to the first frame and can grip a part of the front surface of the retaining wall block, and a first arm that is connected to the first frame and extends above the front surface of the retaining wall block so that the retaining wall block can be suspended via the lifting device. This lifting device makes it possible to lift the retaining wall block by applying the first and second parts to one end of the retaining wall block which is the upper part of the retaining wall block and hooking the third part onto the front surface of the retaining wall block. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the trouble of attaching and detaching lifting bolts each time or adjusting the distance between gripping parts each time, which can contribute to shortening the construction period of the retaining wall and reducing the labor of construction work. Furthermore, since this lifting device can be implemented with a simple structure, the device itself can be made lighter, allowing for the provision of a low-cost, highly durable lifting device.

[0007] The first frame may include a first support surface including a first portion, and a second support surface including a second portion, which is positioned at an acute angle to the first support surface. When a lifting device is attached to one end of the retaining wall block away from its center of gravity, and the first support surface is used to support and lift one end of the retaining wall block, i.e., the underside of the upper part, it is necessary to apply a force (moment) that causes the upper part to pivot downward or prevents the upper part from pivoting upward in order to lift the other end, i.e., the lower part as well. By positioning the second support surface at an acute angle to the first support surface, a downward force (moment) can be applied to the upper part of the retaining wall block by the second support surface. Therefore, the retaining wall block can be easily lifted by grasping its upper part with the lifting device.

[0008] One embodiment of a concrete block lifting device comprises a first portion corresponding to a part of the back surface of the wall exposed on the upper side of the concrete block, a second portion corresponding to a part of the upper surface of the wall, a first frame connecting the first portion and the second portion, a third portion connected to the first frame and capable of engaging with a part of the front surface of the wall, and a first arm connected to the first frame and extending upward from the front surface of the wall so as to be able to suspend the concrete block via the lifting device. Another different embodiment of a concrete block lifting device comprises a first frame having a substantially U-shaped cross-section into which a part of the upper end of the concrete block is inserted, and a second support surface configured to form an acute angle with the lower first support surface, a first arm extending diagonally upward in the forward direction of the open first frame, and a second arm provided to pivot in front of the first frame, the tip of which engages with a part of the front surface of the concrete block. If the lifting device is attached to a portion of the upper wall of a concrete block, it can be made smaller and lighter, reducing the workload of tasks including moving the concrete block. If the concrete block includes a front wall and a rear wall, the lifting device can be attached to the exposed portion of the upper part of the front wall. By inserting a portion of the upper end of the front wall into the first frame and engaging the second arm with a portion of the uneven pattern provided on the front of the concrete block or the exposed wall, the lifting device can be easily attached to and detached from the front upper part of the concrete block. Therefore, even when stacking concrete blocks and removing the lifting device from the concrete block, the structure under construction, such as a retaining wall, wall structure, building, or revetment structure on which the concrete blocks are stacked, can be easily accessed, and the device can be easily removed by utilizing the unobstructed space above the front of the structure.

[0009] A further different aspect of the present invention is a method for constructing a retaining wall, comprising stacking a plurality of retaining wall blocks. Each of the plurality of retaining wall blocks may include a front wall and a rear wall, and the front wall may include a front portion and a bottom portion that are provided at an acute angle. Stacking includes the following steps: • Attach a hanging device to a portion of the upper end of the front wall of the retaining wall block. • Moving retaining wall blocks while suspending them using lifting equipment. Remove the hanging fixtures from the top edge of the front wall.

[0010] A further different aspect of the invention is a method for manufacturing a structure, comprising arranging a plurality of concrete blocks side by side (arranging them adjacent to each other), wherein arranging them side by side includes attaching a suspension device to a portion of the concrete block, moving the concrete block while suspending it via the suspension device, and removing the suspension device from the concrete block, wherein attaching the suspension device includes placing a first portion of the suspension device against a portion of the upper back surface of a wall portion exposed above the concrete block, placing a second portion against a portion of the upper surface of the wall portion, and hooking a third portion onto a portion of the front surface of the wall portion, and moving the block includes suspending it via a first arm. Arranging them side by side may also include arranging the concrete blocks side by side (adjacent to each other) in a horizontal direction, or it may include stacking the concrete blocks vertically or diagonally upwards. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0011] [Figure 1] A perspective view showing the suspension device attached. [Figure 2] Several examples of retaining wall blocks to be suspended. [Figure 3] A perspective view of an example of a lifting device. [Figure 4] Side view of the lifting device. [Figure 5] Plan view of the lifting device. [Figure 6] A diagram showing the lifting device in its deployed state. [Figure 7] A diagram showing the process of attaching the lifting equipment. [Figure 8] A diagram showing the suspension device attached. [Figure 9] A diagram showing how retaining wall blocks are attached during the construction of a retaining wall. [Figure 10]A diagram showing how to attach to the retaining wall blocks when constructing a retaining wall, following Figure 9. [Figure 11] A diagram showing how to attach to the retaining wall blocks when constructing a retaining wall, following Figure 10. [Figure 12] A diagram showing how to lift and move the retaining wall blocks with a lifting tool when constructing a retaining wall. [Figure 13] A diagram showing how to lift and move the retaining wall blocks with a lifting tool when constructing a retaining wall, following Figure 12. [Figure 14] A diagram showing how to remove the lifting tool after stacking the retaining wall blocks on the retaining wall. [Figure 15] A diagram showing how to remove the lifting tool, following Figure 14. [Figure 16] A diagram showing how to lift and move the retaining wall at different gradients with a lifting tool.

Embodiments for Carrying out the Invention

[0012] Hereinafter, the large-sized stacked blocks and their lifting tools will be further described. In the past, concrete blocks called intermediate blocks have been used for revetment work. The surface area of these blocks is about 0.1 square meters, and their weight is often 40 kilograms or less, which can be constructed manually. However, constructing a revetment (retaining wall) by stacking a large number of blocks was heavy labor. Recently, due to the popularization of heavy machinery and to increase the construction speed, large-sized stacked blocks (retaining wall blocks) with a surface area of 0.5 square meters, 1 square meter, 1.5 square meters, etc. have emerged. These lifting tools are generally large and heavy. In particular, the lifting tools for constructing retaining walls with gentle gradients such as 10%, 12%, 15%, 20%, etc. often exceed 50 kilograms themselves, are heavy, have complicated operations, and the operations of attaching and detaching the lifting tools or removing the lifting tool from the stacked blocks and attaching it to the next block are carried out manually, so it cannot be said that labor reduction has been achieved.

[0013] The lifting tool disclosed below reconsiders the relationship between the shape (form) of large stacked blocks (stacked blocks, retaining wall blocks) and the lifting tool, aiming to solve these problems. It is a lifting tool for large retaining wall blocks that is effective at sites with a construction gradient of 10% or a gentler slope (especially 10%, 12% (1.2 parts in 10), 15% (1.5 parts in 10), 20% or less). In particular, when lifting with a crane, since the work of attaching and removing the lifting tool to the block needs to be done manually, it provides a lifting tool that is as light and compact as possible and can reduce the work load.

[0014] Figure 1 shows an example of moving (carrying) the retaining wall block 10 by a wire 91 via a lifting tool 20 attached to the upper part of the retaining wall block 10 with a crane (not shown) and stacking it on a foundation block 5 previously installed on a foundation (ground) 2 to construct a retaining wall (revetment) 1. An example of the retaining wall block 10 is what is called a square meter block, with a front (front face) size of about 1 square meter. An example of the size is a height of 66.5 cm, a length of 150 cm, a depth (width in the front-back direction, thickness) of about 35 cm, and a weight of about 900 kilograms, but it is not limited to these sizes and weights. The cross-section of the retaining wall block 10 may be rectangular or parallelogram-shaped, and fixtures for hanging, such as fixtures called däher or inserts, may be embedded in parts connecting the upper part or the front wall 11 and the rear wall 12 of the block.

[0015] An example of a retaining wall block 10 is a block with a parallelogram cross-section, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2019-127718 of the present applicant. As shown in Figure 2, the front (front wall) 11 is inclined backward with respect to the bottom surface 13, and the front wall 11 forms an acute angle θ1 with respect to the bottom surface 13. Similarly, the rear wall 12 forms an acute angle θ1 with respect to the top surface 14. One example of a retaining wall block 10 has an acute angle θ1 of 73.3 degrees, and by stacking these blocks, a retaining wall with a 3 / 10 slope (73.3 degrees, 0.3 / 1m) can be constructed. Another example has an acute angle θ1 of 68.2 degrees, and by stacking these blocks, a retaining wall with a 4 / 10 slope (68.2 degrees, 0.4 / 1m) can be constructed. Yet another example has an acute angle θ1 of 63.4 degrees, and a retaining wall with a 5 / 10 slope (63.4 degrees, 0.5 / 1m) can be constructed. These retaining wall blocks 10 are further provided with a protrusion on the lower part 15b and a recess on the upper part 15a, and a retaining wall can be constructed by combining the lower part 15b of the upper part 15a of the lower part. The upper and lower configurations may be reversed, and other combination shapes may also be available. By embedding a deha in the connecting wall 16 that connects the front wall 11 and the rear wall 12, these blocks 10 can be lifted vertically and stacked using a lightweight lifting device called a coupler, which weighs about 5 kilograms, thereby enabling the construction of retaining walls with a slope of 3 to 5 minutes as described above.

[0016] However, in construction sites where a retaining wall 1 with a gentle slope of 10% (45 degrees) or more is to be constructed using this block 10, the angle (angle of inclination) at which the block 10 is suspended becomes too large, and the wire and the front wall 11 of the block 10 interfere with each other using the same method as described above, making it impossible to suspend and move the block 10. For example, when constructing a retaining wall 1 with a slope of 15% (approximately 35.7 degrees) using retaining wall blocks 10 that are tilted at an acute angle θ1, as is done when constructing a retaining wall of 5%, the inclination of the retaining wall blocks 10, which are tilted backward relative to the retaining wall blocks with a rectangular cross-section, can be suppressed. However, when stacking, the inclination of the front (front wall) 11 must be set to 15%. Furthermore, in that state, the back (rear wall) 12 of the block 10 must be inserted diagonally into the upper part 15a of the lower section along the ground (slope) 3 which has been adjusted to a slope of 15% beforehand, and then the suspension device must be removed from the block 10. Therefore, using a jig that supports and suspends the block 10, including its back (rear wall) 12, makes installation, including attachment and detachment, significantly more difficult.

[0017] Figure 3 shows a magnified view of the suspension device 20 in this example. Figure 4 shows the suspension device 20 viewed from the side, and Figure 5 shows the suspension device 20 viewed from above (top view). Figure 6 shows the suspension device 20 divided into a first part 21 and a second part 22. Figures 7 and 8 show the suspension device 20 being attached to the upper part of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10.

[0018] The lifting device 20 is a lifting device for a retaining wall block 10 and has a first portion 31a which is the back surface of the upper part 17a of the retaining wall block 10, in this example a part of the back surface 11b of the upper part 17a of the front wall 11 which is the wall portion exposed upward when stacked; a second portion 32a which is the upper surface 14 of the retaining wall block, in this example a part of the upper surface 14 of the front wall (wall portion) 11; a first frame 25 which connects the first portion 31a and the second portion 32a; a third portion 33a which is connected to the first frame 25 and is capable of reaching a part of the front surface (front surface of the front wall) 11a of the retaining wall block; and a first arm 41 which is connected to the first frame 25 and extends above 17a of the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10 so that the retaining wall block 10 can be suspended via the lifting device 20. The first frame 25 includes a first support surface 31 including a first portion 31a, and a second support surface 32 including a second portion 32a, which is positioned at an acute angle θ2 with respect to the first support surface. The first frame 25 includes a substantially U-shaped cross section 35 where the first support surface 31 and the second support surface 32 intersect at an acute angle θ2, and further includes an upper surface 34 provided at an obtuse angle θ3 with respect to the second support surface 32, which covers a portion of the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10. The lifting device 20 further has a second arm 42 that pivotably supports a third portion 33a relative to the first frame 25.

[0019] In other words, the lifting device 20 for the concrete block 10 has a first frame 25 with a roughly U-shaped cross-section 35 into which a part of the upper end of the concrete block, in this example, the upper end 17a of the front wall 11 that is exposed when stacking or moving, is inserted, and the first frame 25 has a second support surface 32 configured to form an acute angle with the lower first support surface 31, a first arm 41 extending diagonally upward 17a in the forward direction 36 of the first frame 25 which is the open direction, and a second arm 42 provided to pivot in front of the first frame 25 36, the second arm 42 having a tip 43 that engages with a part of the front surface 11a of the concrete block 10 as a third part 33a.

[0020] The suspension device 20 in this example has a first component 21 including a first frame 25, and a second component 22 including a second arm 42 that is pivotably attached to the first component 21. The above configuration is achieved by rotatably connecting a first connecting hole 26a provided at the base of the first arm 41, which is fixed to the first frame 25 at a predetermined angle, and a connecting hole 26b provided at one end of the second arm 42, using a bolt 27.

[0021] The first frame 25 of the lifting device 20 includes a first channel member 29 that is long in the horizontal direction (lateral direction, the direction in which it becomes approximately horizontal when suspended, longitudinal direction) X, and a plurality of first arms 41, in this example two first arms 41, are distributed along the longitudinal direction X of the channel member 29 of the first frame 25. Therefore, this lifting device 20 can be suspended via wires 91 or the like at multiple points (two points in this example) in the horizontal direction (longitudinal direction) X, and the retaining wall block 10 can be suspended and moved in a stable state.

[0022] The suspension device 20 includes a plurality of second arms 42, in this example two second arms 42, which are rotatably attached to the first frame 25 and are distributed along the longitudinal direction (horizontal direction) X of the first channel member 29 of the first frame 25. The suspension device 20 further has a second channel member 44 with an L-shaped cross section, which is provided to connect the ends 43 of these second arms 42, and the portion 44a extending downward of the L-shaped second channel member 44, which is positioned to face downward, is configured as a third portion 33a to catch (engage) with a recessed portion 19a of the uneven pattern 19 on part of the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10. The retaining wall block 10 has a pattern 19 on its front surface 11a in which a recess 19a extends horizontally (laterally) X, and the hanger 20 has a third portion 33a that extends in the X direction at the lower end of an L-shaped second channel member 44 that extends in the X direction. Therefore, the hanger 20 can be set on the retaining wall block 10 so that the third portion 33a of the hanger 20 reliably engages with the recess 19a of the retaining wall block 10. In the hanger 20 of this example, each of the second arms 42 is made up of two plates 42a and 42b, which are attached to sandwich the first arm 41 and are rotatably mounted by bolts 27. The hanger 20 may also include a reinforcing member (rod) 49b that connects the second arms 42 to each other.

[0023] The lifting device 20 further includes a stopper 50 that fixes the angle of the second arm 42 so that the third portion 33a is in contact with a part (recess) 19a of the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10. An example of the stopper 50 includes a projection 51 provided on the first frame 25 and a second hole 57 provided on the second arm 42 so as to be connected by a pin 55 to a first hole 56 provided on the projection 51. The projection 51 may also be provided on the first arm 41. By fixing the angle of the second arm 42 with respect to the first frame 25, which is attached to the upper part of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10, with the stopper 50, the movement of the third portion 33a at the tip of the second arm 42 can be fixed, and it is possible to prevent the third portion 33a from coming off the retaining wall block 10 due to vibration of the retaining wall block 10 or vibration of the lifting device 20 during lifting. Therefore, the retaining wall block 10 can be safely moved while suspended. On the other hand, after setting the retaining wall block 10 in a stacked state, the second arm 42 can be easily removed from the pattern 19 on the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10 by releasing the stopper 50 (by removing the pin 55), and the retaining wall block 10 can be easily removed from the front wall 11 by moving the lifting device 20 diagonally upward.

[0024] Furthermore, when the lifting device 20 is not attached to the retaining wall block 10, the stopper pin 55 may be inserted into the second hole 57 of the second arm 42 instead of the first hole 56 of the projection 51. The first arm 41 will come into contact with the pin 55 inserted into the second hole 57, limiting the angle at which the second arm 42 can rotate relative to the first arm 41. This prevents accidents such as fingers getting caught between the first arm 41 and the second arm 42.

[0025] The first arm 41 may include at least one suspension point 45 for suspending the retaining wall block 10 at at least one predetermined angle by the suspension device 20. The first arm 41 of the suspension device 20 in this example includes a hole 48 at its tip for attaching a member 49a for connecting and reinforcing a plurality of first arms 41, and further includes three suspension points (suspension holes) 45a, 45b, and 45c extending from the tip 41a toward the base 41b connected to the first frame 25. The wire 91 may be attached directly to any of the suspension holes 45a to 45c, or the wire 91 may be attached via a jig 92 such as a clamp.

[0026] In the suspension device 20 of this example, the suspension hole 45a furthest from the base 41b is for suspending the retaining wall block 10 at a 15-degree angle, the suspension hole 45c closest to the base 41b is for suspending the retaining wall block 10 at a 10-degree angle, and the suspension hole 45b located between them is for suspending the retaining wall block 10 at a 12-degree angle. The slope of the retaining wall block 10 is determined by the position of the center of gravity 10g of the retaining wall block 10, so the positions of the suspension holes 45a to 45c may change depending on the design of the retaining wall block to which the suspension device 20 is attached and moved, and the number of suspension holes is not limited to this example. Furthermore, the angle at which the retaining wall block 10 is suspended (lifted up, lowered) by the suspension device 20 is not limited to the range of 10 to 15 degrees.

[0027] The lifting device 20 in this example is suitable for attaching to and moving a retaining wall block 10, which includes a front wall 11 and a rear wall 12. The first part 31a of the lifting device 20 is attached to a part of the back surface 11b of the upper part 17a of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10, and the second part 32a is attached to a part of the upper surface 14 of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10. Furthermore, in the lifting device 20, the third part 33a provided at the tip of the second arm 42 is attached to engage with a part (recess or protrusion) 19a of the uneven pattern 19 provided on the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10.

[0028] As shown in Figure 8, the suspension device 20 in this example is mounted such that the first support surface 31, including the first portion 31a, contacts a part of the back surface 11b of the upper side 17a of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10, and the second support surface 32, including the second portion 32a, is configured to form an acute angle θ2 with respect to the first support surface 31 and contacts a part of the upper surface 14 of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10. The retaining wall block 10 to be suspended by the suspension device 20 in this example is a block with a parallelogram cross-section, inclined backward so that the front wall 11 forms an acute angle θ1 with respect to the bottom surface 13. For example, a retaining wall block 10 with an acute angle θ1 of approximately 63.4 degrees is suitable for constructing a retaining wall with a 5-minute slope. In this block 10, the corner (rear end of the upper surface 14) 14a between the back surface 11b of the front wall 11 and the upper surface 14 forms an acute angle θ1. Therefore, in the suspension device 20, the acute angle θ2 formed by the first support surface 31 and the second support surface 32 is set to an angle substantially equal to the acute angle θ1 of the rear end 14a of the upper surface 14 of the retaining wall block 10. Accordingly, the angle θ2 of the acute corner 29c formed by the first support surface 31 and the second support surface 32 of the first channel member 29 whose cross section 35 constituting the first frame 25 is U-shaped is adjusted to an angle substantially equal to the angle θ1 of the retaining wall block 10 tilted backward. The angle θ2 formed by the first support surface 31 and the second support surface 32 may be a right angle or substantially a right angle, but may also be an acute angle or substantially an acute angle, and the angle θ2 may be less than 90 degrees, 85 degrees or less, 80 degrees or less, 75 degrees or less, or 70 degrees or less. Furthermore, the angle θ2 may be 10 degrees or more, 20 degrees or more, 30 degrees or more, 35 degrees or more, 40 degrees or more, or 45 degrees or more.

[0029] Therefore, when the first frame 25 of the lifting device 20 is attached to the upper part of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10, the first support surface 31 contacts the back surface 11b of the front wall 11 over a surface area (a certain area), and the second support surface 32 contacts the top surface 14 over a surface area (a certain area). Thus, when the retaining wall block 10 is lifted by the lifting device 20, the force F acting on the retaining wall block 10 and the moment M generated by the reaction force can be transmitted to the retaining wall block 10 over a surface area, preventing situations in which the load (load) is concentrated on the retaining wall block 10 when it is lifted and moved, which could cause damage. Therefore, the inclination θ1 of the retaining wall block 10 and the angle θ2 of the acute corner 29c on the lower side of the first frame 25 of the lifting device 20 do not have to be the same. It is sufficient that the lifting device 20 is installed such that at least a part of the first support surface 31 contacts the back surface 11b of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10 as the first part 31a, and at least a part of the second support surface 32 contacts the upper surface 14 of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10 as the second part 32a. If the inclination θ1 of the retaining wall block 10 and the angle θ2 of the acute corner 29c on the lower side of the first frame 25 of the lifting device 20 are not the same, or in order to concentrate the lifting load and suppress its effect on the retaining wall block 10, a deformable or elastic resin material or wood may be placed between the lifting device 20 and the retaining wall block 10.

[0030] When the retaining wall block 10 is suspended via the lifting device 20, an upward force (suspension load, suspension force) F corresponding to the weight of the retaining wall block 10 is applied to the back surface 11b of the front wall 11 by the first support surface 31, which includes the first portion 31a corresponding to the back surface 11b of the front wall 11. On the other hand, a moment M is applied to the top surface 14 by the second support surface 32, which includes the second portion 32a corresponding to the top surface 14, as a reaction force to the upward force F, causing the retaining wall block 10 to rotate downward with respect to its center of gravity 10g. This allows the retaining wall block 10 to be suspended at a predetermined angle without rotating around its center of gravity 10g. In other words, the lifting device 20 can lift the retaining wall block 10 simply by gripping the upper side of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10 by lifting the back surface 11b of the front wall 11 with the first support surface 31 and pushing down the top surface 14 of the front wall 11 with the second support surface 32. In particular, when lifting the retaining wall block 10 by supporting (gripping) only the upper side of the front wall 11, which is far from the center of gravity 10g, it is important to obtain a sufficient force (moment) M to rotate the upper side of the retaining wall block 10 downward in order to prevent the retaining wall block 10 from rotating around the center of gravity 10g. In this example, the lifting device 20 does not have a surface adjacent to the first support surface 31 to which the load F is applied and positioned at a right angle, but rather a second support surface 32 is provided at an acute angle θ2 with respect to the first support surface 31, so that the second support surface 32 is closer to parallel with the first support surface 31, and a larger moment M can be obtained as a reaction force to the load F.

[0031] Furthermore, the lifting device 20 can obtain the support force necessary to lift (or lower) the retaining wall block 10 through its first support surface 31, which is in contact with the back surface 11b of the front wall 11, and its second support surface 32, which is adjacent to it and is in contact with the upper surface 14 of the front wall 11. For this reason, although the front surface 34 of the U-shaped first channel 29 constituting the first frame 25 covers a part of the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10, almost no load is applied to the front surface 11a via the first channel 29. Therefore, the retaining wall block 10 can be suspended while gripping only the upper part of the front wall 11 without damaging the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10, which is a decorative surface with an uneven pattern 19. In this lifting device 20, the front surface 34 of the U-shaped first channel 29 constituting the first frame 25 contributes almost nothing to suspending the retaining wall block 10. The front surface 34 of the first channel 29 contacts the front surface 11a of the front wall 11, making it less likely for the first channel 29 (first frame 25) to detach from the front wall 11, and allowing the retaining wall block 10 to be lifted and moved more stably by the lifting device 20. Furthermore, by covering the front surface 11a of the front wall 11 with the front surface 34 of the first channel 29, it is possible to prevent the second arm 42, which is pivotably attached to the first channel 29, from unexpectedly rotating and damaging the front surface 10a of the retaining wall block 10.

[0032] Furthermore, the lifting device 20 can obtain the support force necessary to lift (or lower) the retaining wall block 10 through a first support surface 31 including a first portion 31a that corresponds to the back surface 11b of the front wall 11, and a second support surface 32 that is adjacent to it at an acute angle θ2 and includes a second portion 32a that corresponds to the upper surface 14 of the front wall 11. For this reason, the lifting device 20 can be attached to the upper part of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10 such that the first portion 31a, on which an upper force F acts, is close to the center of gravity 10g of the retaining wall block 10 relative to the second portion 32a, on which a lower force M acts. Alternatively, the lifting device 20 can be rotated so that the first portion 31a, on which an upper force F acts, is close to the center of gravity 10g of the retaining wall block 10 relative to the second portion 32a, on which a lower force M acts. Furthermore, the lifting device 20 is equipped with a first arm 41 extending forward 36 (towards the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10) from the first frame 25. By lifting this first arm 41 upward using a wire 91 or the like, the lifting device 20 can be rotated so that the first part 31a, to which an upper force F acts, is closer to the center of gravity 10g of the retaining wall block 10 relative to the second part 32a, to which a lower force M acts.

[0033] Therefore, when the lifting device 20 is lifted via the first arm 41 which is fixed to the first frame 25 so as to extend forward, an upward force F acts on the first part 31a, which is close to the center of gravity 10g, relative to the second part 32a, which is subjected to a downward force M. This causes the first part 31a to pivot upward relative to the second part 32a, and as a result, the retaining wall block 10 can be lifted and moved at a predetermined angle. In this way, the lifting device 20 is provided with a first support surface 31 and a second support surface 32 which intersects it at an acute angle θ2. By sandwiching the adjacent back surface 11b and top surface 14 of the retaining wall block 10 between these adjacent surfaces 31 and 32, the retaining wall block 10 can be lifted at two points.

[0034] As described above, the lifting device 20 supports the load of the retaining wall block 10 to be lifted by bringing the first portion 31a and the second portion 32a, or the first support surface 31 and the second support surface 32, into contact with the back surface 11b and the top surface 14 of the block 10. On the other hand, during the lifting operation, if vibrations or other factors cause the contact between the first portion 31a and the second portion 32a, or the first support surface 31 and the second support surface 32, and the back surface 11b and the top surface 14 of the block 10 to be lost, the device may become unstable. For this reason, the lifting device 20 is connected to the first frame 25 and includes a third portion 33a that is attached to a part of the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10 and can stably maintain contact between the first portion 31a and the second portion 32a, or the first support surface 31 and the second support surface 32, and the back surface 11b and the top surface 14 of the block 10. Furthermore, the suspension device 20 includes a second arm 42 that pivotably supports the third portion 33a relative to the first frame 25.

[0035] Therefore, when gripping and lifting the retaining wall block 10 with the lifting device 20, the worker can manually rotate the second arm 42 to engage the third portion 33a with a part of the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10 in a single action, thereby fixing the lifting device 20 to the retaining wall block 10. Furthermore, when removing the lifting device 20, the worker can easily remove it manually in a single action by rotating the second arm 42 to disengage the third portion 33a from a part of the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10. The lifting device 20 is lightweight, weighing approximately 20 kg, and including the operation of the second arm 42, the worker can easily attach and detach the lifting device 20 to the retaining wall block 10 manually.

[0036] In recent years, the surface 11a of retaining wall blocks 10 is often decorated with various patterns for purposes such as ornamentation, greening, and anti-slip, and in the case of concrete retaining wall blocks 10, the pattern is formed by the irregularities of the surface 11a. An example of an irregular pattern 19 is a large tile-like pattern with grooves 19a provided in the horizontal direction X. The irregular pattern 19 may also be a broken stone pattern, and many irregular patterns 19 include joints (recesses) 19a extending in the horizontal direction X. For example, if a pattern having recesses 19a with a width of about 2 to 5 mm and a depth of about 2 mm or more is provided on the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10, it is possible to hook (engage) the third part 33a at the tip of the second arm 42 using the recesses 19a. The retaining wall block 10 may have a recess or projection on its front surface 11a that the third portion 33a at the tip of the second arm 42 engages with, so that it can be moved using the lifting device 20. Alternatively, the recess 19a of the uneven pattern 19 can be used as the portion that the third portion 33a at the tip of the second arm 42 engages with. This allows the retaining wall block 10 to be moved while being stably suspended by the lifting device 20 without the need to provide a special design for working with the lifting device 20.

[0037] In other words, in the suspension device 20, the third portion 33a provided at the tip of the second arm 42 is attached so as to engage with a part (recessed or protruding portion) 19a of the uneven pattern 19 provided on the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10. As shown in Figure 8, in the suspension device 20, the distance B between the lower end 29a of the roughly U-shaped first channel 29 of the first frame 25 and the tip 33a of the second arm 42 may be shorter than the distance A between the part 19a of the uneven pattern 19 that engages with the second arm 42 on the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10 and the rear end 14a of the upper end 14 of the front wall 11. By engaging the tip 33a of the second arm 42 with the part 19a of the uneven pattern 19, the suspension device 20 can be attached to the retaining wall block 10 more reliably and safely so that the first frame 25 does not come off the upper part of the front wall 11.

[0038] The second arm 42 may extend so that its tip 33a reaches the bottom surface 13 of the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10. In this retaining wall block 10, the tip 33a of the second arm 42 is hooked into a groove 19a provided in the middle of the front surface 11a. Therefore, the second arm 42 can be shortened, and in this respect as well, the weight of the lifting device 20 can be reduced. The retaining wall block 10 may have multiple grooves 19a formed on the top and bottom of the front surface 11a, in which case the lifting device 20 may be designed so that the tip 33a of the second arm 42 is hooked into the uppermost groove 19a, or the lifting device 20 may be designed so that the tip 33a of the second arm 42 is hooked into the second or third groove from the top. This lifting device (clamp) 20 can be made small and light, so it can be easily attached and detached by workers manually.

[0039] The distance C between the tip 33a of the second arm 42 and the lower corner (acute angle θ2 corner) 29c of the roughly U-shaped channel 29 of the first frame 25 may change as the second arm 42 rotates. For example, in the case of a second arm 42 that is pivotably attached to the base of the first arm 41, the distance C increases when the arm rotates in the direction of the first arm 41 (upward, in the direction of releasing the suspension device 20), and decreases when the arm rotates downward (in the direction of setting the suspension device 20). The distance C1 when the second arm 42 is rotated to the planned position for gripping the retaining wall block 10 (planned engagement position, downward) without gripping the retaining wall block 10 may be shorter than the distance A, and the tip 33a can be reliably engaged with a part 19a of the uneven pattern 19. The distance C2 when the second arm 42 is moved away from the intended engagement position (when it is swung upward) may be longer than the distance A, and by swung the second arm 42 upward from the intended engagement position, its tip 33a can be easily removed from part 19a of the uneven pattern 19. For this reason, by swung the second arm 42 downward, the lifting device 20 can be attached to the retaining wall block 10 very easily, and by swung the second arm 42 upward, the lifting device 20 can be removed from the retaining wall block 10 very easily.

[0040] Figures 9 to 15 show how retaining wall blocks 10 are moved using a lifting device 20 to construct a retaining wall 1. This method of constructing the retaining wall 1 involves stacking multiple retaining wall blocks 10 at a predetermined slope. Each of the multiple retaining wall blocks 10 includes a front wall 11 and a rear wall 12, and the front wall 11 includes a front portion (front) 11a and a bottom portion (bottom) 13 that form an acute angle θ1. Stacking involves attaching a lifting device 20 to a part of the upper end 11c of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10, as shown in Figures 9 to 11; moving the retaining wall block 10 while suspending it via the lifting device 20, as shown in Figures 12 and 13; and removing the lifting device 20 from the upper end 11c of the front wall 11, as shown in Figures 14 and 15. The process of attaching (installing) the lifting device 20 to the retaining wall block 10, and the process of removing the lifting device 20 from the retaining wall block 10 after stacking, can be performed manually by a worker simply by accessing it from the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10.

[0041] The retaining wall block 10 in this example is hollow inside to reduce weight, and has a structure in which the front plate (front wall) 11 and the back plate (rear wall) 12 are partially connected by a connecting wall 16. The structure for connecting the front wall 11 and the rear wall 12 can vary, and the connecting wall 16 may also serve as a side wall, or the front wall 11 and the rear wall 12 may be connected in an H shape when viewed from above inside the block, or they may be connected in an O shape or a square shape, or there may be two or more walls in the horizontal direction, or the walls may extend in the vertical direction, or they may be provided only on the upper or lower side, or only in the center, or the structure may have an opening in the center. In such a block 10, the front wall 11 and the rear wall 12 also function as a substitute for formwork, and after the block 10 is laid (stacked), ready-mix concrete is filled on site and the retaining wall 1 is constructed. Therefore, the thickness of the front wall 11 and the rear wall 12 is a fraction of the total thickness of the block 10. For example, while the total thickness is 40-150 cm, the thickness of each wall 11 and 12 is about 10 cm. The lifting device 20 in this example is designed not to grip the entire block 10, but only the vicinity of the upper end 11c of the front wall 11. Furthermore, the block 10 is gripped using a portion of the uneven pattern 19 provided on the front surface 11a of the block 10. Thus, the object to be gripped (clamped) by the lifting device 20 can be limited to the vicinity of the upper end 11c of the front wall (wall portion) 11, which is relatively thin and exposed upwards when the lifting device 20 is attached, rather than the entire block 10, and a small and lightweight lifting device 20 can be provided. For example, a specific example of the size of the lifting device 20 is about 30-40 cm in both length and width, and weighs about 20 kg, making it a jig that can be easily carried by a worker.

[0042] As shown in Figures 9 to 11, in the process of attaching the lifting device 20, the lifting device 20 is attached to the retaining wall block 10 placed in the temporary storage area 99. The first frame 25 of the lifting device 20 is attached so that its first support surface 31, including its first portion 31a, touches a part of the upper side 11c of the back surface 11b of the front wall (wall portion) 11 exposed above the retaining wall block 10, and its second support surface 32, including its second portion 32a, touches a part of the upper surface 14 of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10. Furthermore, the second arm 42, which extends rotatably from the first frame 25, is rotated so that its tip, the third portion 33a, is hooked onto a part 19a of the uneven pattern 19 on the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10, thereby attaching the lifting device 20 to the upper part 11c of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10. The stopper pin 55 is inserted through the stopper hole 57 of the second arm 42 into the hole 56 of the protrusion 51 fixed to the first frame 25, thereby activating the stopper 50. Furthermore, the retaining wall block 10 is lifted upward by attaching the wire 91 to the suspension hole 45a of the first arm 41 which extends forward from the first frame 25.

[0043] Figures 12 and 13 show how the retaining wall 1 is assembled by moving the retaining wall blocks 10 while suspending them with the lifting device 20. In this example, the retaining wall blocks 10 are moved by attaching a wire (rope) 91 to a hole 45a of the first arm 41, which is used to suspend the retaining wall blocks 10 at a 15% incline. The lifting device 20 is attached to the upper part 11c of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall blocks 10. As a result, the rear wall 12 of the retaining wall blocks 10 can come into contact with the slope 3 without being obstructed by the lifting device 20, and can move along the pre-prepared slope 3. Furthermore, with the lifting device 20 attached, the recess 15a of the lower retaining wall block 10 and the protrusion 15b of the retaining wall block 10 in motion can be combined without the lifting device 20 becoming an obstacle. Therefore, it is unnecessary to first move the retaining wall blocks 10 onto the slope 3 using heavy machinery such as a crane via the lifting device 20, then remove the lifting device 20, and have workers manually move and combine the retaining wall blocks 10. It is possible to combine the retaining wall blocks 10 while they are supported by heavy machinery via the lifting device 20, which significantly reduces the labor required from workers.

[0044] The first arm 41 includes at least one suspension point 45 for suspending the retaining wall block 10 by the suspension device 20 at at least one predetermined angle, and at least one suspension point 45 includes points 45a to 45c for suspending the retaining wall block 10 at an angle ranging from 10 to 15 or 20 percent. The process of suspending the retaining wall block may include suspending the retaining wall block 10 at an angle ranging from 10 to 15 or 20 percent.

[0045] Figure 16 shows how a retaining wall 1 with a 10% slope is constructed by attaching a wire 91 to a hole 45c of the first arm 41, which is one of the suspension points 45 for suspending a retaining wall block 10 at a 10% incline, and moving the retaining wall block 10. The first arm 41 may also be provided with suspension points (suspension holes) for suspending a retaining wall block 10 at a slope of 20% or more (gentle slope), for example, points for suspending at slopes of 20% or 25% may be provided. In addition, the first arm 41 is provided with a hole (suspension hole) 45 to which the wire 91 can be attached directly or via a suspension jig such as a clamp, but other forms of suspension points such as protrusions or bars for attaching the wire 91 may also be provided.

[0046] Figures 14 and 15 show the process of removing the lifting device 20. First, the stopper pin 55 is removed to release the stopper, allowing the second arm 42 to rotate. The second arm 42 is then rotated upward to remove its tip 33a from the recess 19a of the uneven pattern 19 on the front surface 11a of the retaining wall block 10. Next, the first frame 25 of the lifting device 20 is removed from the upper part 11c of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10. The upper part 11c of the front wall 11 of the retaining wall block 10 can be easily accessed from the front of the retaining wall 1 even after the retaining wall blocks 10 have been stacked to form the retaining wall 1. Therefore, these operations for removing the lifting device 20 can be performed manually by a worker from the front of the retaining wall 1. Furthermore, the lifting device 20 is lightweight, weighing approximately 20 kg or less, so it can be easily carried by a worker. At that time, by attaching the removed pin 55 to the hole 57 of the second arm 42, it is possible to prevent the second arm 42 from overlapping with the first arm 41, thereby preventing situations in which workers may pinch their fingers. In this way, the retaining wall block 10 can be moved easily and safely using the lifting device 20, and the labor required of workers to construct the retaining wall 1 can be greatly reduced. In addition, the lifting device 20 can be attached to and detached from the retaining wall block 10 easily and in a short time, which also contributes to shortening the construction period of the retaining wall 1.

[0047] As described above, the lifting device 20 of the present invention grips and lifts a portion of the upper part of the wall portion (front wall) 11 exposed on the upper side of a concrete block such as a retaining wall block 10. This allows the lifting device 20 to be made smaller and lighter, and as mentioned above, it reduces the labor required for stacking or arranging multiple concrete blocks adjacent to each other, making it possible to economically construct (manufacture) structures that include structures in which multiple concrete blocks are arranged adjacently or stacked. Furthermore, although the above describes an example in which a retaining wall 1 is constructed by stacking retaining wall blocks 10 with parallelogram-shaped sides, the structure is not limited to a retaining wall. Structures that include structures in which large concrete blocks are stacked or arranged side by side (adjacent to each other) may include, for example, buildings, walls, various structures for revetments and slope protection, tunnels, pillars, bridge piers, bridges, etc.

[0048] The blocks to be moved and stacked using the lifting device may be made of resin or metal, but given their large size, weight, and the large number of blocks used in construction or manufacturing, a lifting device designed for concrete blocks is particularly useful. The concrete blocks only need to have exposed walls to which the lifting device can be attached, and are not limited to rectangular blocks as a whole, but may also be cylindrical, semi-cylindrical, or have polygonal shapes when viewed from above or from the side. Furthermore, the embossed patterns applied to the front of the block or wall are not limited to geometric patterns, but may also consist of multiple natural stones or shapes that imitate natural stones, and the concrete blocks to be lifted may include patterns (structures) that realize other functions (purposes) such as greening or protection of flora and fauna, in addition to their primary function as revetments. Moreover, the blocks to be moved while being lifted via the lifting device may be of the stacking type or of the type that are arranged adjacently in the horizontal direction (arranged side by side), and may be blocks used to construct or manufacture structures for various purposes such as road shoulders, waterways (drainage ditches), land boundaries, and ground support. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0049] 1 retaining wall, 10 retaining wall blocks, 20 lifting devices

Claims

1. A lifting device for retaining wall blocks, The first portion, which is part of the upper back surface of the retaining wall block, The second portion, which is part of the upper surface of the retaining wall block, A first frame connecting the first part and the second part, A third portion connected to the first frame and capable of relating to a part of the front surface of the retaining wall block, A lifting device having a first arm connected to the first frame and extending above the front surface of the retaining wall block so as to suspend the retaining wall block via the lifting device.

2. In claim 1, A suspension device comprising a first frame including a first support surface including the first portion and a second support surface including the second portion, which is arranged to form an acute angle with respect to the first support surface.

3. In claim 2, A lifting device comprising a first frame having a substantially U-shaped cross-section in which the first support surface and the second support surface intersect at an acute angle, and further including an upper surface provided at an obtuse angle with respect to the second support surface, which covers a portion of the front surface of the retaining wall block.

4. In claim 3, A suspension device comprising a first frame including a horizontally elongated first channel member, wherein a plurality of the first arms are distributed along the longitudinal direction of the first channel member.

5. In claim 1, A lifting device having a second arm that pivotably supports the third portion relative to the first frame.

6. In claim 4, A lifting device comprising a plurality of second arms that pivotably support the third portion with respect to the first frame, the plurality of second arms being distributed in the longitudinal direction of the first channel member of the first frame.

7. In claim 6, The third portion of the suspension device includes a second channel member having an L-shaped cross-section, which is provided to connect the ends of the plurality of second arms.

8. In claim 5 or 6, A lifting device having a stopper that fixes the angle of the second arm such that the third portion is related to a part of the front surface of the retaining wall block.

9. In claim 8, The stopper is a suspension device comprising a projection provided on the first frame or the first arm, and a second hole provided on the second arm so as to be connected by a pin to a first hole provided on the projection.

10. In claim 1, The first arm of the suspension device includes at least one suspension point for suspending the retaining wall block by the suspension device at at least one predetermined angle.

11. In claim 10, A lifting device in which at least one lifting point includes a point for lifting the retaining wall block at an angle ranging from 10% to 20%.

12. In claim 1, The retaining wall block includes a front wall and a rear wall, the first portion of which is part of the upper back surface of the front wall of the retaining wall block, and the second portion of which is part of the upper surface of the front wall of the retaining wall block, and is a lifting device.

13. A lifting device for concrete blocks, The first portion is a part of the back surface of the wall portion exposed on the upper side of the concrete block, The second portion, which is part of the upper surface of the aforementioned wall, A first frame connecting the first part and the second part, A third portion connected to the first frame and capable of relating to a part of the front surface of the wall, A suspension device having a first arm connected to the first frame and extending above the front surface of the wall so as to suspend the concrete block via the suspension device.

14. In claim 13, A suspension device comprising a first frame including a first support surface including the first portion and a second support surface including the second portion, which is arranged to form an acute angle with respect to the first support surface.

15. In claim 13, A suspension device comprising a first frame including a horizontally elongated first channel member, wherein a plurality of the first arms are distributed along the longitudinal direction of the first channel member.

16. In claim 15, A suspension device in which the second arms are distributed in the longitudinal direction of the first channel member.

17. In claim 15 or 16, A suspension device having a stopper that fixes the angle of the second arm so that it is positioned relative to a part of the front surface of the wall.

18. In claim 13, The first arm is a suspension device that includes at least one suspension point for suspending the wall portion at at least one predetermined angle.

19. In claim 18, A suspension device in which at least one suspension point includes a point for suspending the wall portion at an angle ranging from 10% to 20%.

20. In claim 13, The concrete block includes a front wall and a rear wall, and the front wall includes the wall portion, in the lifting device.

21. In claim 20, The first arm is a suspension device that tilts the front wall by the suspension device to at least one angle in the range of 10% to 20% and includes at least one suspension point.

22. In claim 13, The second arm is a suspension device that engages with a portion of the uneven pattern provided on the front surface.

23. In claim 22, The first frame includes a frame with a substantially U-shaped cross-section into which a portion of the upper end of the wall portion is inserted. The second arm is a suspension device in which the distance B between the lower end of the substantially U-shaped frame and the tip of the second arm is shorter than the distance A between a part of the uneven pattern on the front surface that engages with the second arm and the rear end of the upper end.

24. In claim 23, A lifting device in which the distance C1 between the tip of the second arm and the lower corner of the substantially U-shaped frame is shorter than the distance A when the second arm is rotated to a position where it is intended to grip the wall without gripping the wall, and the distance C2 when the second arm is moved away from the intended position is longer than the distance A.

25. A method for constructing retaining walls, It involves stacking multiple retaining wall blocks, Each of the aforementioned retaining wall blocks includes a front wall and a rear wall, and the front wall includes a front portion and a bottom portion that are provided at an acute angle. The aforementioned stacking involves attaching a lifting device to a part of the upper end of the front wall of the retaining wall block, The retaining wall block is moved while being suspended via the lifting device, A construction method that includes removing the suspension device from the upper end of the front wall.

26. In claim 25, The aforementioned lifting device has a first portion which is part of the upper back surface of the retaining wall block, The second portion, which is part of the upper surface of the retaining wall block, A first frame connecting the first part and the second part, A third portion connected to the first frame and capable of relating to a part of the front surface of the retaining wall block, It includes a first arm connected to the first frame and extending above the front surface of the retaining wall block so as to suspend the retaining wall block via the suspension device, Attaching the aforementioned suspension device means The first portion of the lifting device is placed against a part of the upper back surface of the retaining wall block, the second portion is placed against a part of the upper surface of the retaining wall block, and the third portion is hooked onto a part of the front surface of the retaining wall block. The aforementioned movement is, A construction method comprising suspending the retaining wall block via the first arm.

27. In claim 26, The first frame includes a first support surface including the first portion, and a second support surface including the second portion, which is arranged to form an acute angle with respect to the first support surface. Attaching the aforementioned suspension device means A construction method comprising applying the first support surface of the lifting device to a part of the upper back surface of the retaining wall block, and applying the second support surface to a part of the upper surface of the retaining wall block.

28. In claim 26, The retaining wall block has an uneven pattern on its front surface, A construction method comprising attaching the aforementioned suspension device, wherein the third portion is hooked onto a part of the uneven pattern.

29. In claim 26, The suspension device includes a second arm that pivotably supports the third portion relative to the first frame, Attaching the aforementioned suspension device includes rotating the second arm to attach the third portion, Removing the suspension device is a construction method that includes rotating the second arm to remove the third portion.

30. In claim 29, The retaining wall block has an uneven pattern on its front surface, Attaching the aforementioned suspension device includes rotating the second arm to hook the third portion onto a part of the uneven pattern, A construction method for removing the aforementioned suspension device, which includes rotating the second arm to detach the third portion from a part of the uneven pattern.

31. In claim 27, The first arm includes at least one suspension point for suspending the retaining wall block by the suspension device at at least one predetermined angle, the at least one suspension point includes a point for suspending the retaining wall block at an angle ranging from 10% to 20%, A construction method for suspending the retaining wall block, which includes suspending the retaining wall block at an angle ranging from 10% to 20%.

32. A method for manufacturing a structure, It involves arranging multiple concrete blocks side by side. The aforementioned arrangement involves attaching a lifting device to a part of the concrete block, Moving the concrete block while suspending it via the lifting device, This includes removing the lifting device from the concrete block, The aforementioned suspension device has a first portion which is part of the back surface of the wall portion exposed on the upper side of the concrete block, The second portion, which corresponds to a part of the upper surface of the wall portion of the concrete block, A first frame connecting the first part and the second part, A third portion connected to the first frame and capable of relating to a part of the front surface of the wall portion of the concrete block, It includes a first arm connected to the first frame and extending above the front surface of the wall so as to suspend the concrete block via the suspension device, Attaching the aforementioned suspension device means The first portion of the hanging device is placed against a part of the upper back surface of the wall, the second portion is placed against a part of the upper surface of the wall, and the third portion is hooked onto a part of the front surface of the wall. The aforementioned movement is, A manufacturing method comprising suspending the concrete block via the first arm.

33. In claim 32, A manufacturing method comprising arranging the aforementioned plurality of concrete blocks in a line, which includes stacking the aforementioned plurality of concrete blocks.

Images