Method and heating device for recycling building tiles.

Abstract

This invention provides a method for regenerating building tiles and a heating device that allows for easy removal of mortar from the back surface while reducing the burden on workers and the environmental impact. [Solution] The system includes a heating step (S2) for heating mortar 3 attached to building material tiles 2 removed from an existing building under predetermined heating conditions (e.g., heating temperature and temperature maintenance time to maintain heating at the heating temperature), and a removal step (S4) for removing the mortar 3 after the heating step (S2).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for recycling building materials tiles and a heating device.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, in the construction field, renovation work on historical buildings has been actively carried out. Since it is difficult to reproduce the same products as the building materials of historical buildings, the building materials attached to historical buildings are precious. Therefore, for example, when removing building materials from a building for renovation, it is necessary to pay sufficient attention. Also, from the perspective of environmental consideration in recent years, the need to reuse the tiles attached to buildings whose demolition is planned has been increasing. Many of these tiles are attached to the building structure with cement-based mortar, so a lot of mortar adheres to the back surface of the recovered tiles, as shown in Fig. 13. As a method for removing this mortar, generally, tiles with mortar attached are immersed in an acidic solution (e.g., hydrochloric acid) with adjusted concentration for about one night to dissolve and weaken the cement component of the mortar to some extent, and finally the mortar on the back surface is removed by hand and washed with water. According to this method, a large number of tiles can be easily taken out in a clean state at one time.

[0003] On the other hand, the following problems can be cited for the conventional mortar removal method. (1) The tile surface may be eroded by the acidic solution. Also, when glaze is applied to the tile surface, the acidic solution may enter between the glaze and the tile base and cause discoloration. (2) Immersion in the acidic solution is performed by batch processing in which the solution is placed in a container of appropriate size and the tiles are submerged. However, as the dissolution of the mortar progresses, the acidic solution is neutralized, so the dissolution effect of the mortar decreases over time. Also, the degree of weakening of the mortar after immersion varies depending on the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution and the volume balance between the hydrochloric acid solution and the tiles. Therefore, if the mortar is not sufficiently weakened after immersion, an unexpected burden is imposed on the work of removing the mortar. (3) The acidic solution must be disposed of after proper treatment, such as neutralization. Also, since the acidic solution adheres to the removed mortar, the mortar must also be disposed of after proper treatment.

[0004] Due to these problems, conventional methods for recycling building tiles needed improvement in terms of reducing the quality of the tiles, the burden on workers, and the environmental impact.

[0005] Furthermore, in response to problem (1), a method for regenerating building material tiles to prevent discoloration has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this method for regenerating building material tiles, when building material tiles with mortar attached are immersed in an acidic solution to weaken the mortar, the surface is covered with a covering material, and at the same time, a discoloration prevention treatment is performed by dissolving salts such as aluminum chloride or magnesium chloride in the acidic solution. In addition, as a preliminary test before the discoloration prevention treatment, the salts to be dissolved in the acidic solution, their proportions, and the covering material are selected over a period of 14 days. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7312564 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] The method for regenerating building tiles described in Patent Document 1 can solve problem (1) above by preventing discoloration, but since it is a wet process, problems (2) and (3) above remain unresolved. Furthermore, the selection of salts to be dissolved in the acidic solution, their proportions, and the cover material is time-consuming and laborious.

[0008] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a method for regenerating building tile materials and a heating device that can easily remove mortar while reducing the burden on workers and the environment. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] To achieve the above objective, the method for regenerating building material tiles according to the present invention comprises a heating step of heating mortar attached to building material tiles removed from an existing building under predetermined heating conditions, and a removal step of removing the mortar that has undergone the heating step.

[0010] In this invention, the mortar is weakened by a heating process. Therefore, compared to dissolution treatment with acid, it is possible to uniformly and reliably weaken the mortar regardless of the passage of time while reliably preventing deterioration and discoloration of the surface of building material tiles. Furthermore, since many building material tiles can be processed at once, the time required to regenerate all building material tiles in the target building is shortened and the workload is reduced. Moreover, since pre-treatment curing of building material tiles is unnecessary, the time required to regenerate individual building material tiles is shortened and the workload is reduced. In addition, since no acidic solution is used to weaken the mortar, the environmental impact is reduced.

[0011] In the method for regenerating building material tiles according to the present invention, the predetermined heating conditions include a heating temperature, and the heating temperature may be 600°C or more and 700°C or less.

[0012] In the method for regenerating building material tiles according to the present invention, the predetermined heating conditions include a heating temperature and a temperature duration for maintaining the heating at the heating temperature. The method further includes a preliminary testing step in which a test heating is performed on the mortar attached to the building material tiles removed from the building, and the heating temperature and temperature duration are set as the predetermined heating conditions based on the results of the test heating. In this way, the heating conditions can be optimized in response to differences in the thickness of the glaze and the materials contained in the building material tiles.

[0013] The method for regenerating building tile according to the present invention further includes a cooling step in which the mortar heated in the heating step is cooled under predetermined cooling conditions, and in the removal step, the mortar that has undergone the cooling step may be removed. Generally, a heating temperature of at least 600°C is required to weaken mortar, but since the mortar is removed after cooling, the safety of the mortar removal work can be improved.

[0014] The predetermined cooling conditions consist of a cooling rate, and the cooling rate may be 2°C / min or less.

[0015] To achieve the above objective, the building tile heating device according to the present invention has a heating chamber into which building tile removed from an existing building and with mortar attached can be set, a box body that can seal the heating chamber, and a temperature control device that can maintain the temperature of the heating chamber at a constant temperature and can adjust the heating rate and cooling rate. Similar to the building tile regeneration method according to the present invention, the mortar is weakened by heating, thereby increasing the certainty of mortar weakening, shortening the time required for regeneration of building tile, and reducing the deterioration of building tile quality, workload, and environmental impact.

[0016] To achieve the above objective, the building tile heating device according to the present invention comprises a container capable of holding building tile removed from an existing building and with mortar attached to its back surface, a combustion means installed to allow a flame to be applied directly to the mortar, and a cooling means installed to cool the surface of the building tile. Similar to the building tile regeneration method according to the present invention, the mortar is weakened by heating, thereby increasing the certainty of mortar weakening, shortening the time required for regeneration of the building tile, and reducing the deterioration of the building tile's quality, the workload, and the environmental impact.

[0017] In the heating device for building materials tiles according to the present invention, the container is configured to be set in a state where the back surface of the building materials tile faces upward and is separated from the bottom surface in the vertical direction, and the cooling means may include a supply means for supplying a liquid to the container at a constant flow rate, and a discharge means provided in the container for discharging the liquid from the container.

[0018] To achieve the above object, the heating device for building materials tiles according to the present invention has a support base for supporting building materials tiles removed from an existing building and having mortar attached to the back surface, and a combustion means capable of generating a flame. The support base supports the building materials tile in a state where the back surface of the building materials tile faces downward and the back surface of the building materials tile is exposed, and the combustion means is installed so as to be able to heat the mortar with a flame from below the building materials tile. Similar to the method for regenerating building materials tiles according to the present invention, heating makes the mortar vulnerable, so the certainty of mortar vulnerability can be enhanced, the time required for regenerating building materials tiles can be shortened, and the quality deterioration, work burden, and environmental burden of building materials tiles can be reduced.

[0019] The heating device for building materials tiles according to the present invention may further include an air ejection means for ejecting air toward the mortar contained in the building materials tile heated by the combustion means.

[0020] The heating device for building materials tiles according to the present invention may further include a coating means for attaching a coating agent to the surface of the building materials tile heated by the combustion means to form a protective film.

Effects of the Invention

[0021] According to the present invention, the mortar can be easily removed while reducing the burden on workers and the environmental burden.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] [Figure 1] It is a flowchart of a method for regenerating building materials tiles according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] It is a diagram showing the experimental results of the first examination experiment. [Figure 3] It is a diagram showing the experimental results of the second examination experiment. [Figure 4] It is a diagram showing the temperature change rate during cooling. [Figure 5] It is a diagram showing the experimental results of the third examination experiment. [Figure 6] It is a diagram showing the experimental results of the fourth examination experiment. [Figure 7] It is a table showing the evaluation results of the heating conditions. [Figure 8] It is a diagram showing the relationship between the heating temperature and the temperature holding time. [Figure 9] It is a schematic diagram showing the main part configuration of the first heating device. [Figure 10] It is a schematic diagram showing the main part configuration of the second heating device. [Figure 11] It is a schematic diagram showing the main part configuration of the third heating device. [Figure 12] It is a partial plan view schematically showing the main part configuration of the support base constituting the third heating device in FIG. 11. [Figure 13] It is an image showing the situation of the building material tile after the conventional method for recycling building material tiles has been implemented.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0023] (First Embodiment) Hereinafter, based on FIGS. 1 - 12, a method for recycling building material tiles and a heating device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, the method for recycling building material tiles will be described.

[0024] The method for recycling building material tiles according to the first embodiment is a method of removing and recycling the mortar from the building material tiles removed from an existing building and having mortar attached to the back surface. And one of the features of the method for recycling building material tiles according to the first embodiment is to make the mortar vulnerable by heating and then remove it.

[0025] In the following, building material tiles and mortar (building material tiles with mortar attached) that have been removed from existing buildings and are integrated into them will be referred to as "pre-recycling tiles" to distinguish them from the building material tiles that are to be recycled. The method for removing the building material tiles from existing buildings is not particularly limited, and publicly known techniques may be used.

[0026] Furthermore, building tiles may be used as exterior or interior materials. Moreover, the material of the building tiles is not particularly limited. In addition, if a glaze is applied to the surface of the building tiles, the glaze will also be included in the building tile. When a glaze is applied to the surface of a building tile, the main body of the building tile excluding the glaze will be referred to as the "underlayment."

[0027] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for regenerating building material tiles. As shown in Figure 1, the method for regenerating building material tiles includes a pre-testing step (S1), a heating step (S2), a cooling step (S3), and a removal step (S4). In the method for regenerating building material tiles, the pre-testing step (S1) is performed first, followed by the heating step (S2), the cooling step (S3), and the removal step (S4) in sequence.

[0028] In the preliminary testing process (S1), the mortar attached to the building material tiles to be recycled is tested by heating them under various heating conditions to determine the heating conditions to be applied in the heating process (S2). In particular, when glaze is applied to the surface of building material tiles, the degree of damage to the building material tiles due to heating varies depending on the thickness of the glaze, the materials used, and the condition of the substrate. Therefore, by checking the condition of the building material tiles after test heating, it is possible to set appropriate heating conditions that can prevent damage to the building material tiles and reliably weaken the mortar. In addition, the degree of heating of the building material tiles varies depending on the specifications of the heating device used in the heating process (S2). For this reason, it is preferable to perform the preliminary test process (S1) using the heating device used in the heating process (S2).

[0029] In the first embodiment, the heating conditions consist of the heating temperature and the duration of heating at that temperature (temperature duration). The temperature duration does not include the time it takes to reach the heating temperature. Details of the heating conditions will be described later.

[0030] In the heating step (S2), the mortar contained in the pre-recycle tile is heated under the heating conditions set in the pre-test step (S1). The heating step (S2) weakens the mortar adhering to the building material tile, making it easy to remove. In the heating step (S2), it is sufficient to heat at least the mortar, so the entire pre-recycle tile including the mortar may be heated, or only the mortar portion may be heated intensively.

[0031] In the cooling process (S3), the mortar, which has been heated under the heating conditions in the heating process (S2), is cooled under predetermined cooling conditions. As will be described later, the heating temperature included in the heating conditions is 600°C or higher, so the cooling process (S3) ensures that the subsequent removal process (S4) can be carried out safely. If the building material tile portion has also been heated in the heating process (S2), the entire tile before regeneration is cooled to a degree that allows for safe removal in the removal process (S4). In the first embodiment, the cooling conditions consist of a cooling rate, which is approximately 2°C / min.

[0032] In the removal step (S4), the mortar that has cooled under the cooling conditions of the cooling step (S3) is removed from the building material tiles. Since the mortar has been weakened by the heating step (S2), it can be easily removed from the building material tiles. The method of removing the mortar can be set as appropriate, as long as it does not damage the building material tiles. For example, if the removal step (S4) is performed manually, the mortar may be removed using known tools such as a spatula or by hand. Alternatively, the mortar may be removed automatically using a machine.

[0033] As described above, according to the method for regenerating building material tiles according to the first embodiment, by performing a pre-test step (S1), a heating step (S2), a cooling step (S3), and a removal step (S4), it is possible to easily prevent deterioration of the surface of the building material tile while removing mortar from the back surface of the building material tile. Alternatively, the pre-test step (S1) may be omitted, and the heating step (S2) may be performed using pre-set heating conditions. In this case, the burden of preventing deterioration of the surface of the building material tile and removing the mortar can be reduced. On the other hand, by performing the pre-test step (S1), the reliability of preventing deterioration of the surface of the building material tile and removing the mortar can be increased.

[0034] Next, we will describe Experiments 1 to 4 (the first to fourth experimental experiments) conducted by the applicant to investigate appropriate heating and cooling conditions. In Experiments 1 to 4, pre-recycled tiles of the same type, removed from an existing building, were used. Hereafter, the pre-recycled tiles used in Experiments 1 to 4 will be referred to as "experimental tiles." The surface of the experimental tiles was coated with glaze. Furthermore, heating in Experiments 1 to 4 was performed using the same oven.

[0035] The first experimental study concerns heating conditions. First, let's explain the preliminary study regarding heating conditions. The surface of building tiles is often coated with a glassy material made of glaze. Glaze is a powdered chemical mixed with various materials during the manufacturing process of building tiles for the purpose of coloring silicate materials. Generally, the glaze is melted at a temperature of around 900°C to 1000°C or higher while placed on the substrate of the building tile, and the glaze is fused to the surface of the substrate.

[0036] Therefore, it is unlikely that the glaze will remelt up to this temperature range, but caution is required in the case of building tiles manufactured several decades ago, as the type of glaze used is unknown. On the other hand, the main component of the mortar on the back of building tiles is cement, and the calcium component that makes up cement weakens at 600°C to 800°C. Therefore, for the time being, a heating temperature of 600°C to 800°C seems appropriate.

[0037] Therefore, as the first experimental test, the entire experimental tile containing mortar was heated under four heating conditions: Heating condition 1 (heating temperature = 600°C, temperature duration = 6 hours), Heating condition 2 (heating temperature = 600°C, temperature duration = 12 hours), Heating condition 3 (heating temperature = 700°C, temperature duration = 8 hours), and Heating condition 4 (heating temperature = 800°C, temperature duration = 6 hours). After heating, the oven door was opened to allow the experimental tile to cool to room temperature by heat dissipation. In addition, the experimental tile was set up in the oven so that the mortar (back side of the building material tile) was facing upwards.

[0038] The mortar under heating conditions 2, 3, and 4 was weakened and could be easily removed with a spatula. On the other hand, the mortar under heating condition 1 was not sufficiently weakened and required considerable effort to remove with a spatula. Therefore, from the perspective of mortar weakening, heating conditions 2, 3, and 4 are acceptable, while heating condition 1 is unacceptable.

[0039] Furthermore, no discoloration was observed in the glaze (surface of the experimental tile) under heating conditions 1, 2, and 3. On the other hand, discoloration was observed in the glaze (surface of the experimental tile) under heating condition 4. In detail, the area where the glaze was thin and the base material was visible increased overall, and the color of the glaze as a whole also changed from green to a slightly brownish color. This is thought to be due to the glaze becoming thinner and the base material being more visible, or due to the glaze itself undergoing deterioration. Therefore, from the perspective of preventing surface deterioration, heating conditions 1, 2, and 3 are acceptable, while heating condition 4 is unacceptable.

[0040] For example, Figure 2(a) shows the condition of the surface (glaze) of the test tile after heating under heating condition 2, and Figure 2(b) shows the condition of the back surface of the test tile after heating under heating condition 2 and removal of the mortar.

[0041] Next, I will explain the second experimental study. The second experimental study concerns cooling conditions. In the second experimental study, we measured the rate of temperature change (°C / min) inside the mortar and on the surface of the experimental tile during cooling (heat dissipation) after heating under heating condition 4 in the first experimental study.

[0042] Figure 3(a) shows the condition of the surface (glaze) of the test tile before heating, and Figure 3(b) shows the condition of the surface (glaze) of the experimental tile after cooling. As shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b), numerous cracks have formed in the glaze after cooling.

[0043] Here, we will explain our considerations regarding crack formation in the second experimental study. Figure 4 is a graph showing the measured temperature change rate (°C / min) inside the mortar and on the surface of the experimental tile. As shown in Figure 4, a rapid decrease in the temperature change rate occurred in both the surface of the experimental tile and inside the mortar in the short time immediately after the start of cooling, but the decrease was more pronounced on the surface of the experimental tile. Based on these results, it is presumed that cracks occurred due to differences in the amount of thermal shrinkage of the glaze, substrate and mortar, and localized temperature differences in the thin, glassy glaze. Therefore, from the viewpoint of preventing deterioration of the surface of building material tiles, the method of cooling by opening the door is inappropriate as a cooling method after heating under heating condition 4 (heating temperature = 800°C, temperature duration = 6 hours). In addition, no noticeable cracks were observed in the glaze of the experimental tiles that were heated under heating conditions 1 to 3 and then cooled by opening the door in the first experimental study.

[0044] Next, I will explain the third experimental experiment. The third experimental experiment concerns cooling conditions. In the third experimental experiment, the experimental tile was heated under heating condition 4 (heating temperature = 800°C, temperature maintenance time = 6 hours), and then cooled under programmed control so that the cooling rate was 2°C / minute or less.

[0045] Figure 5(a) shows the surface (glaze) of the experimental tile before heating, and Figure 5(b) shows the surface (glaze) of the experimental tile after cooling. In Figures 5(a) and 5(b), the relatively darker areas are where the glaze is thin and the base material is visible, while the other areas are where the glaze is effectively applied (where the base material is not visible). As shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b), although extremely fine cracks appear in the glaze after cooling, the cracking is reduced compared to when the door is left open for cooling, that is, compared to situations where the cooling rate is not controlled, such as heat dissipation, and rapid cooling can occur. Therefore, from the viewpoint of preventing deterioration of the surface of building material tiles, cooling at a gradual cooling rate is more effective.

[0046] Next, we will explain the fourth experimental study. The fourth experimental study concerns heating conditions. As part of the fourth experimental study, differential thermal-thermogravimetric analysis was performed on mortar sampled from experimental tiles. Figure 6 shows the results in graph form, specifically the graph showing the relationship between heating temperature and weight change (solid line in Figure 6) and the graph showing the relationship between heating temperature and thermal behavior (dashed line in Figure 6).

[0047] As shown in Figure 6, the graph relating to weight change (TG curve) decreases significantly around 600°C to 750°C. This indicates that carbon dioxide was released and decomposed from calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the mortar, meaning the mortar became brittle. Therefore, from the perspective of preventing mortar brittleness, heating temperatures above 600°C are necessary.

[0048] Next, we will explain the evaluation results of the heating conditions based on the results of the first to fourth experimental experiments. Figure 7 is a table showing these evaluation results. The heating conditions include heating temperature and temperature duration. The evaluation results include individual evaluation results (individual evaluation result 1, individual evaluation result 2), which are the evaluation results for each individual evaluation item, and an overall evaluation result that takes the individual evaluation results into consideration. The individual evaluation items are ease of mortar removal (evaluation item 1) and the condition of the glaze (evaluation item 2). In Figure 7, "○" and "×" indicate the grade of the evaluation result, with "○" indicating acceptable and "×" indicating unacceptable. The condition of the glaze is related to the fundamental problem of this invention, "prevention of surface deterioration of building material tiles."

[0049] As shown in Figure 7, the overall evaluation result for heating conditions 1 and 4, which include "×" in the individual evaluation results, is "×". On the other hand, the overall evaluation result for heating conditions 2 and 3, where all individual evaluation results are "〇", is "〇". Therefore, from the viewpoint of preventing deterioration of the surface of the building material tiles and being able to remove mortar from the building material tiles, heating conditions 2 and 3 are within the acceptable range. Furthermore, since the condition of the glaze is "×" when the heating temperature is 800°C, it is presumed that the condition of the glaze will also be "×" when the heating temperature exceeds 800°C.

[0050] Thus, heating conditions 2 and 3 are acceptable as heating conditions applicable to the method of regenerating building material tiles. However, in order to flexibly set heating conditions according to various conditions, it is necessary that heating conditions other than heating conditions 2 and 3 are also applicable. Here, the relationship between heating temperature and temperature duration, which serves as a guideline for setting heating conditions, is preferably a straight line from the viewpoint of working time and thermal energy used. In that case, this straight line will be a straight line passing through heating conditions 2 and 3 on a coordinate system with heating temperature on the horizontal axis and temperature duration on the vertical axis. Hereafter, this straight line will be referred to as the "setting reference line". Figure 8 is a graph showing the setting reference line according to the first embodiment.

[0051] Based on this reference line, we will examine the applicable heating conditions. As mentioned above, the heating temperatures for heating conditions 1 and 2 are 600°C, but the individual evaluation result 1 for heating condition 1 was "×". Here, since heating condition 1 is located below the reference line, heating conditions consisting of a range below the reference line where the temperature duration for each heating temperature is shorter than the reference line are not included in the acceptable range from the viewpoint of ease of mortar removal. Also, although it is possible to weaken the mortar in a short time when the heating temperature is 700°C or higher, the individual evaluation result 2 for heating condition 4 was "×", so from the viewpoint of preventing deterioration of the surface of building material tiles, heating conditions consisting of a range of 700°C or higher, which is higher than heating condition 3, are not included in the acceptable range. Furthermore, from the results of the fourth experimental study, a heating temperature of 600°C or higher is necessary to make the mortar easy to remove, so from the viewpoint of ease of mortar removal, heating conditions consisting of a range of less than 600°C are not included in the acceptable range.

[0052] Based on the above, in the first embodiment, the heating conditions applicable in the heating step (S2) are a heating temperature of 600°C to 700°C, within the range above the set reference line (hatched area in Figure 8). Hereinafter, this range above the set reference line will be referred to as the "applicable heating condition range". Therefore, in the aforementioned preliminary test step (S1), by first performing test heating using the applicable heating condition range as a guideline, the time required for the preliminary test step (S1) can be shortened.

[0053] It should be noted that the setting reference line and heating condition application range according to the first embodiment are examples only. The components of the building material tiles to be recycled, such as the thickness of the glaze, the material of the glaze, and the condition of the substrate, as well as the specifications of the heating device, vary, and these factors affect the condition of the glaze due to heating (prevention of deterioration of the surface of the building material tiles) and the ease of mortar removal, which are evaluation items of the heating conditions. Therefore, it is preferable to perform the aforementioned preliminary test process (S1) for each item to be recycled and set appropriate heating conditions.

[0054] As a method for setting appropriate heating conditions, for example, in the preliminary testing process (S1), two suitable combinations of heating temperature and temperature duration are first determined based on the results of test heating under various heating conditions. Then, a setting reference line is determined connecting these two combinations. Furthermore, based on the results of test heating under various heating conditions, the highest heating temperature acceptable in terms of the glaze condition, in other words, the highest temperature among the heating temperatures for which the individual evaluation result regarding the glaze condition is "○", is set as the upper limit of the heating temperature for the heating conditions. On the other hand, based on the results of test heating under various heating conditions, the lowest heating temperature acceptable in terms of the ease of mortar removal, in other words, the lowest temperature among the heating temperatures for which the individual evaluation result regarding the ease of mortar removal is "○", is set as the lower limit of the heating temperature for the heating conditions. The range between these upper and lower limits, and the range above the setting reference line, may then be set as the heating conditions.

[0055] Next, a heating device for building tiles according to the first embodiment will be described. The heating device for building tiles is a device for heating at least the mortar attached to building tiles during the regeneration process of building tiles removed from a building. The heating device for building tiles according to the first embodiment includes a first heating device 10, a second heating device 20, and a third heating device 30.

[0056] It should be noted that, as a prerequisite, mortar is attached to the building material tiles removed from the building. In the following descriptions of the first heating device 10, the second heating device 20, and the third heating device 30, the building material tiles and mortar that have been removed from the building and are integrated together will be referred to as "pre-recycling tile 1". Therefore, pre-recycling tile 1 includes the building material tiles 2 to be recycled and the mortar 3 to be removed.

[0057] First, the first heating device 10 will be described. Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the main components of the first heating device 10. The first heating device 10 includes a housing 11, a heat source 12, and a temperature control device 13 (temperature control equipment).

[0058] Inside the housing 11, a heating chamber 110 is formed for taking in and heating the tiles 1 before regeneration. While a detailed explanation is omitted, the housing 11 is configured to be openable and closable. When the housing 11 is open, the heating chamber 110 is in communication with the outside, and when the housing 11 is closed, the heating chamber 110 is sealed.

[0059] The heating chamber 110 is provided with multiple shelves 111. Multiple pre-recycled tiles 1 are set on each shelf 111. The pre-recycled tiles 1 are set such that the mortar 3 is positioned on the upper side (with the back surface of the building material tile 2 facing upwards) and the building material tile 2 is positioned on the lower side (with the surface of the building material tile 2 facing downwards). Therefore, the mortar 3 is completely exposed to the heating chamber 110.

[0060] The heat source 12 is installed in the heating chamber 110 and is configured to heat the heating chamber 110. The heating principle of the heat source 12 can be set as appropriate, but for example, the heat source 12 can heat the entire heating chamber 110 using convection heat, like an oven.

[0061] The temperature control device 13 consists of an information processing device and is electrically connected to the heat source 12. The information processing device may consist of an information processing terminal (e.g., a PC, tablet, smartphone, etc.) located outside the housing 11 or elsewhere, or it may consist of an operation panel or the like installed in the housing 11.

[0062] The temperature control device 13 is equipped with a temperature control program 13P that can maintain the temperature of the heat source 12 at a constant temperature and adjust the heating rate and cooling rate of the heat source 12. The temperature control program 13P makes it possible to maintain the temperature of the heat source 12 at a constant temperature and to adjust the heating rate and cooling rate of the heat source 12.

[0063] While there are no particular restrictions on the heating rate, a rapid increase in temperature may lead to cracking of the glaze, so it is desirable to set it at approximately 10°C / min. Similarly, there are no particular restrictions on the cooling rate, but a rapid decrease in temperature may also lead to cracking of the glaze, so it is desirable to lower the temperature gradually at 2°C / min or less. Furthermore, the structure for heating the heating chamber 110 of the temperature control device 13 is not particularly limited; it is sufficient as long as it can maintain the heating chamber 110 at a constant temperature and is configured to allow adjustment of the heating rate and cooling rate.

[0064] Furthermore, in Figure 9, five pre-recycled tiles 1 are arranged in one direction (left-right in Figure 9) on each shelf 111, but multiple pre-recycled tiles 1 are also arranged in the depth direction relative to each pre-recycled tile 1. In other words, a large number of pre-recycled tiles 1 are set in a grid pattern on each shelf 111.

[0065] Next, the second heating device 20 will be described. Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the main components of the second heating device 20. As shown in Figure 10, the second heating device 20 includes a water tank 21, a support base 22, a burner 23, a water supply device 24, and a temperature measuring device 25.

[0066] The water tank 21 is a rectangular box-shaped body, and is formed in an overall flattened shape. The top of the water tank 21 is open. Support bases 22 are provided on the bottom surface of the water tank 21 for setting up multiple pre-recycled tiles 1 vertically away from the bottom surface. In the first embodiment, the support bases 22 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the pre-recycled tiles 1. In other words, the same number of pre-recycled tiles 1 as there are support bases 22 can be set up as targets for regeneration. The pre-recycled tiles 1 are set up so that the mortar 3 is on the upper side (so that the back surface of the building material tile 2 faces upward) and the building material tile 2 is on the lower side (so that the surface of the building material tile 2 faces downward).

[0067] In Figure 10, five sets of support bases 22 and five pre-recycled tiles 1 are arranged in one direction (left-right in Figure 10). However, multiple sets of support bases 22 and pre-recycled tiles 1 are also arranged in the depth direction relative to each set of support bases 22 and pre-recycled tiles 1. In other words, numerous sets of support bases 22 and pre-recycled tiles 1 are installed in a grid pattern inside the tank 21. Furthermore, each support base 22 is configured to be height-adjustable.

[0068] A burner 23 is installed in a one-to-one correspondence with each support base 22. The burner 23 is positioned above the pre-recycled tile 1 installed on the support base 22. The flame emitted from the burner 23 can be directed onto the mortar 3. In other words, the mortar 3 of each pre-recycled tile 1 can be directly heated by the burner 23. Each burner 23 is connected to a drive mechanism (not shown) that allows adjustment of its vertical position, or in other words, its distance from the pre-recycled tile 1.

[0069] The water inlet 24h of the water supply device 24 is located near the tip of one side wall 211 of the water tank 21 (hereinafter referred to as the "first side wall 211"). Water flowing out from the water inlet 24h flows into the inside of the water tank 21. The water supply device 24 is configured to be able to supply water at a constant flow rate.

[0070] Furthermore, the second side wall 212, which is opposite the first side wall 211, is slightly lower than the other side walls, including the first side wall 211. Therefore, as water continues to flow into the tank 21, water flows out (is drained) from the upper side of the second side wall 212. In other words, the fact that the second side wall 212 is formed lower than the other side walls functions as a drainage means 26 for draining water.

[0071] Furthermore, when the second heating device 20 is used, the height of the support base 22 is adjusted so that the center of the building material tile 2 in the thickness direction is at approximately the same height as the tip of the first side wall 211.

[0072] The temperature measuring device 25 includes a temperature sensor 251 and an information processing device 252. The temperature sensor 251 is attached to any one pre-recycled tile 1 building material tile 2 and is electrically connected to the information processing device 252.

[0073] The information processing device 252 consists of an information processing terminal (e.g., a PC, tablet, or smartphone) and is located outside the water tank 21. The information processing device 252 is equipped with a heating control program 252P. The information processing device 252 is electrically connected to a drive mechanism (not shown) that can adjust the distance between the burner 23 and the pre-regeneration tile 1, and a mechanism (not shown) that can switch the combustion of the burner 23 ON / OFF.

[0074] Here, we will explain the heating control program 252P. As mentioned above, a constant flow rate of water flows out from the water supply device 24, and a drainage means 26 is provided in the water tank 21. The center of the building material tile 2 in the thickness direction is positioned at approximately the same height as the tip of the first side wall 211. Therefore, the water level of the water flowing into the water tank 21 is maintained at a height of about half the thickness of the building material tile 2. As a result, the surface side (glaze) of the building material tile 2 can be immersed in water with the mortar 3 positioned above the water level.

[0075] On the other hand, when the mortar 3 is directly heated by the burner 23, the heat is transferred to the surface (glaze) through the interior of the building material tile 2. Here, since the surface (glaze) of the building material tile 2 is immersed in water, the temperature rise of the surface (glaze) is suppressed. Furthermore, since a temperature sensor 251 is installed on one of the building material tile 2, the heating control program 252P adjusts the distance between the pre-recycled tile 1 and the burner 23 and the heating time while monitoring to ensure that the temperature of the building material tile 2 does not reach a predetermined value (for example, 100°C).

[0076] Furthermore, since the building material tiles 2, which are indirectly heated by the burner 23, are cooled by being immersed in water, the water supply device 24 that supplies water to the water tank 21 and the drainage means 26 that prevents the temperature of the water in the water tank 21 from rising by draining water from the water tank 21 constitute a cooling device 27 for cooling the building material tiles 2.

[0077] Next, the third heating device 30 will be described. Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the main components of the third heating device 30. As shown in Figure 11, the third heating device 30 includes a support base 31, a plurality of burners 32, a plurality of air ejectors 33, a coating device 34, and a control device 35.

[0078] In the third heating device 30, multiple pre-recycled tiles 1 are set so that each mortar 3 faces downwards and the building material tiles 2 face upwards. The mortar 3 is heated from below by combustion, causing it to weaken. The weakened mortar 3 can then fall due to gravity. This fall removes the mortar 3 from the building material tiles 2. Furthermore, the third heating device 30 blows air onto the weakened mortar 3, blowing it away and assisting or accelerating its removal. In addition, the third heating device 30 coats the surface of the building material tiles 2 that are set facing upwards.

[0079] The control device 35 consists of an information processing terminal (e.g., a PC, tablet, smartphone, etc.). The control device 35 is communicated with each of the following: the support base 31, the combustible device (not shown) including multiple burners 32, the air ejection device (not shown) including multiple air ejectors 33, and the coating device 34.

[0080] The control device 35 is equipped with a heating control program 35P1, a removal assistance control program 35P2, and a coating control program 35P3, which will be described later. The heating control program 35P1 further includes a temperature control program 35P11, a scan control program 35P12, and a height position control program 35P13. The coating control program 35P3 further includes a silo control program 35P31, a transport gas supply control program 35P32, a combustion gas supply control program 35P33, and a dissolution control program 35P34.

[0081] The support base 31 supports multiple pre-recycled tiles 1. Figure 12 is a schematic partial plan view showing the main components of the support base 31 supporting the pre-recycled tiles 1. As shown in Figure 12, the support base 31 has a pair of rail members 310 and a receiving member 311.

[0082] The pair of rail members 310 are held in a parallel state at a predetermined height. The pair of rail members 310 are separated by a distance longer than the length of the long side of the tile 1 before regeneration. Multiple support members 311 (one in Figure 12) are installed across the upper surface of the pair of rail members 310. The multiple support members 311 are arranged in parallel at approximately equal intervals along the extending direction of the pair of rail members 310.

[0083] The receiving member 311 has a rectangular frame shape in plan view. The length of the receiving member 311 in the long side direction is sufficiently longer than the length of the long side of the tile 1 before refurbishment. The length of the receiving member 311 in the short side direction is slightly shorter than the length of the short side of the tile 1 before refurbishment.

[0084] The receiving member 311 is installed on the pair of rail members 310 such that both of its long sides span across the upper surfaces of the pair of rail members 310. Therefore, the gap K1 formed inside the receiving member 311 communicates with the lower side through the space between the pair of rail members 310. The pre-recycled tile 1 is set on the receiving member 311 such that the mortar 3 faces downwards and the building material tile 2 faces upwards. Therefore, the mortar 3 is exposed to the lower side.

[0085] Each of the pair of rail members 310 is composed of a narrow roller conveyor. The receiving member 311, which is placed on the pair of rail members 310, can be manually moved in one direction M along the extending direction of the pair of rail members 310.

[0086] Let's return to the explanation in Figure 11. Below the pair of rail members 310, a combustible device (not shown) containing multiple burners 32 is installed. The multiple burners 32 are arranged at approximately equal intervals along the extending direction of the pair of rail members 310. Each of the multiple burners 32 is positioned below each of the multiple receiving members 311.

[0087] The burner 32 is positioned so that the flame is directed upward. The upward flame generated by the burner 32 heats the mortar 3, which is exposed facing downward through the inside of the receiving member 311. When the mortar 3 is heated by the flame generated by the burner 32, the calcium component contained in the mortar 3 weakens. Since the mortar 3 is exposed downward, the weakened portion of the mortar 3 falls through the inside of the receiving member 311. As a result, the mortar 3 is removed from the pre-recycled tile 1.

[0088] The temperature of the flame generated from the burner 32 is appropriately controlled by the control device 35 by executing the temperature control program 35P11. The flame temperature can be set as appropriate, but in this embodiment, the temperature of the outer flame is set in the range of 500°C to 600°C. The control of the flame temperature by the control device 35 may be performed simultaneously for multiple burners 32, or individually for each burner.

[0089] The burner 32 is configured to be movable relative to the pre-recycled tile 1 that is to be heated. This is to ensure uniform heating of the entire mortar 3 contained in the pre-recycled tile 1. The movement of the burner 32 is appropriately controlled by the control device 35 executing the scan control program 35P12. The movement speed of the burner 32 can be set as appropriate, but in this embodiment, it is set in the range of 30 mm / s to 60 mm / s. The control of the movement of each burner 32 by the control device 35 may be performed simultaneously for multiple burners 32, or individually for each burner 32.

[0090] The height of the burner 32 is appropriately controlled by the control device 35 executing the height position control program 35P13. The height of the burner 32 can be appropriately set within a range in which the flame generated from the burner 32 can weaken the mortar 3, but in this embodiment, it is set so that the distance between the tip of the burner 32 and the surface of the mortar 3 (the upper surface of the receiving member 311) is 100 mm to 200 mm. The control of the height of the burner 32 by the control device 35 may be performed simultaneously for multiple burners 32, or individually for each burner 32.

[0091] An air ejection device (not shown) including multiple air ejectors 33 is installed on the side of the pair of rail members 310. In Figure 11, for convenience, the air ejectors 33 are shown to be located below the pair of rail members 310, but in reality, they are located on the side of the pair of rail members 310. Each of the multiple air ejectors 33 is located in a one-to-one relationship with each of the multiple burners 32. Each of the multiple air ejectors 33 corresponding to each of the multiple burners 32 is located slightly ahead of the corresponding burner 32 in the direction of movement of the pre-regeneration tile 1. In this embodiment, the position of the multiple air ejectors 33 in the direction along the extending direction of the pair of rail members 310 is fixed.

[0092] The air ejector 33 is configured to eject air. The air ejector 33 is positioned and oriented so that the ejected air hits the mortar 3 on the pre-recycled tile 1 placed on the receiving member 311. Since the air ejector 33 is positioned slightly ahead of the corresponding burner 32 in the direction of movement of the pre-recycled tile 1, the air ejected by the air ejector 33 blows away any weakened portions of the mortar 3. As a result, the removal of the mortar 3 from the pre-recycled tile 1 is assisted or accelerated.

[0093] The start and stop of air ejection by the air ejector 33 are appropriately controlled by the control device 35 by executing the removal assistance control program 35P2. The control device 35 may control the start and stop of air ejection for multiple air ejectors 33 simultaneously or individually.

[0094] The coating apparatus 34 comprises a silo 340, a container 341, a first supply pipeline 342, a second supply pipeline 343, a third supply pipeline 344, and an ignition device 345. The silo 340, container 341, first supply pipeline 342, second supply pipeline 343, third supply pipeline 344, and ignition device 345 are installed above the pre-recycled tile 1 set on the support base 31.

[0095] The silo 340 is configured to be able to store the raw materials 4m that make up the coating agent, which will form the protective film 4 that functions as a coating, as described later, and to be able to discharge them towards the container 341.

[0096] Container 341 is installed directly beneath silo 340. The inside of container 341 is connected to an outlet (not shown) formed in silo 340. The raw material 4m discharged from silo 340 through the outlet is poured into container 341.

[0097] The first supply pipeline 342 is composed of piping. The first supply pipeline 342 is joined to the container 341 as appropriate, and the inside of the first supply pipeline 342 is in communication with the inside of the container 341.

[0098] The second supply pipeline 343 is composed of piping. The second supply pipeline 343 is joined to the container 341 as appropriate, and the inside of the second supply pipeline 343 is in communication with the inside of the container 341. A discharge port 343h is formed at the end of the second supply pipeline 343. The discharge port 343h faces downward. The discharge port 343h is positioned approximately in the center in the width direction of a pair of rail members 310, and at a height that allows the transport gas CG to be blown onto the surface of the pre-recycled tile 1 set on the support base 31.

[0099] The coating apparatus 34 is configured to supply transport gas CG from the tip of the first supply pipeline 342. The supplied transport gas CG flows into the container 341 through the first supply pipeline 342, and then flows from the container 341 into the second supply pipeline 343, and is discharged from the discharge port 343h of the second supply pipeline 343.

[0100] The transport gas CG is the material used to transport the raw material 4m to the discharge port 343h of the second supply pipeline 343. The raw material 4m, which is put into container 341, is transported together with the transport gas CG that flows into container 341 to the discharge port 343h and discharged from the discharge port 343h. The materials that make up the transport gas CG can be set as appropriate, but for example, it is composed of non-combustible gases such as N2 or HeCO2. The transport gas CG is composed of a single type of material.

[0101] The third supply pipeline 344 is composed of piping. The third supply pipeline 344 is connected to the second supply pipeline 343 as appropriate, and the inside of the third supply pipeline 344 is in communication with the inside of the second supply pipeline 343.

[0102] The coating device 34 is configured to supply combustion gas FG from the tip of the third supply pipeline 344. The supplied combustion gas FG flows through the third supply pipeline 344 into the second supply pipeline 343 and is discharged from the discharge port 343h of the second supply pipeline 343.

[0103] Combustion gas FG is a material used to dissolve raw material 4m through combustion. The materials that make up combustion gas FG can be set as appropriate, but for example, it may consist of combustible gases such as H2, O2, or CO, city gas such as methane, or LP gas such as propane or butane. Combustion gas FG may consist of a single type of material or multiple types of materials.

[0104] The connection point of the third supply pipeline 344 to the second supply pipeline 343 can be set as appropriate, but in this embodiment, it is near the discharge port 343h of the second supply pipeline 343.

[0105] The ignition device 345 is installed between the connection point of the second supply pipeline 343 with the third supply pipeline 344 and the discharge port 343h. The ignition device 345 is configured to ignite the supplied combustion gas FG and generate a flame from the discharge port 343h.

[0106] Furthermore, the discharge of 4 m of raw materials stored in silo 340 into container 341 is appropriately controlled by the control device 35 executing the silo control program 35P31. The supply of transport gas CG is appropriately controlled by the control device 35 executing the transport gas supply control program 35P32. The supply of combustion gas FG is appropriately controlled by the control device 35 executing the combustion gas supply control program 35P33. The combustion of combustion gas FG by the ignition device 345 is appropriately controlled by the control device 35 executing the dissolution control program 35P34.

[0107] Here, we will describe a method for coating the surface of the building material tile 2 contained in the pre-recycled tile 1 using the coating device 34. This coating method differs depending on the characteristics of the raw material 4m. Specifically, this coating method includes coating method 1 when raw material 4m that vaporizes at low temperatures is used, and coating method 2 when raw material 4m that does not vaporize at low temperatures is used.

[0108] Coating method 1 will now be explained. In coating method 1, first, the raw material 4m in an unvaporized state is stored in silo 340. When this raw material 4m is stored in silo 340 and discharged into container 341, the raw material 4m vaporizes at low temperature, so the vaporized raw material 4m gas (raw material gas) spreads inside container 341. Next, the supply of transport gas CG is started. When transport gas CG is supplied to container 341, the raw material gas is discharged together with the transport gas CG through the second supply pipeline 343 and discharged from the outlet 343h, and sprayed onto the surface of the building material tile 2. Then, when the raw material gas cools, it condenses and adheres to the surface of the building material tile 2 as a protective film 4.

[0109] Coating method 2 will now be described. In coating method 2, first, the raw material 4m in an unvaporized state is stored in silo 340. When this raw material 4m is stored in silo 340 and discharged into container 341, the raw material 4m does not vaporize at low temperatures, so the unvaporized raw material 4m is introduced into the container 341. Next, the supply of transport gas CG is started. When transport gas CG is supplied to container 341, the raw material 4m is discharged together with the transport gas CG through the second supply pipeline 343 from the discharge port 343h. At the same time, the supply of combustion gas FG and the combustion of combustion gas FG are started. As a result, the raw material 4m discharged from the discharge port 343h melts and drips onto the surface of the building material tile 2. Then, when the melted raw material 4m condenses, it adheres to the surface of the building material tile 2 as a protective film 4.

[0110] In this way, the protective film 4 adheres to the surface of the building material tile 2 by coating methods 1 and 2, thereby coating the surface of the building material tile 2. Furthermore, if the raw material 4m is composed of a chelate complex, since the chelate complex is an organic compound used to stabilize metal ions, the adhesion of the protective film 4 made of the chelate complex to the surface of the building material tile 2 improves the durability and corrosion resistance of the building material tile 2. Also, if the raw material 4m is composed of an organic polymer such as epoxy resin or polyurethane resin, the adhesion of the protective film 4 made of the organic polymer to the surface of the building material tile 2 improves the abrasion resistance and water resistance of the building material tile 2, providing protection from dirt and chemicals. Moreover, if the raw material 4m is composed of a metal compound such as copper oxide or aluminum oxide, the adhesion of the protective film 4 made of the metal compound to the surface of the building material tile 2 improves the antibacterial properties and abrasion resistance of the building material tile 2. The raw material 4m may be composed of a single type of material or multiple types of materials.

[0111] As described above, the method for regenerating building tiles according to the first embodiment includes a heating step (S2) in which mortar attached to building tiles removed from an existing building is heated under predetermined heating conditions, and a removal step (S4) in which the mortar that has undergone the heating step is removed. Therefore, compared to dissolution treatment with acid, it is possible to reliably prevent deterioration and discoloration of the surface of the building tiles while uniformly and reliably weakening the mortar regardless of the passage of time. In addition, since many building tiles can be processed at once, the time required to regenerate all building tiles related to the target building can be shortened and the workload can be reduced. Furthermore, since curing of the building tiles as a pretreatment is unnecessary, the time required to regenerate individual building tiles can be shortened and the workload can be reduced. In addition, since no acidic solution is used to weaken the mortar, the environmental burden can be reduced.

[0112] Furthermore, the heating conditions in the heating process (S2) include a heating temperature, which is between 600°C and 700°C. With these heating conditions, based on the results of the aforementioned first and fourth experimental experiments, it is possible to reliably weaken and remove the mortar while further reducing the deterioration of the quality of the building material tiles. Moreover, the heating conditions in the heating process (S2) include a heating duration in addition to the heating temperature, and a preliminary test process (S1) is conducted in which a test heating is performed on the mortar attached to the building material tiles removed from the building, and the heating temperature and heating duration are set as heating conditions based on the results of the test heating. The preliminary test process (S1) allows for the optimization of heating conditions in response to differences in the thickness of the glaze and the materials contained in the building material tiles.

[0113] The method for regenerating building material tiles according to the first embodiment further includes a cooling step (S3) in which the mortar heated in the heating step is cooled under predetermined cooling conditions, and in the removal step (S4), the mortar that has gone through the cooling step (S3) is removed. Generally, a heating temperature of 600°C is required to weaken mortar, but since the mortar is removed after cooling, the safety of the mortar removal work can be improved. Furthermore, the cooling conditions in the cooling step (S3) consist of a cooling rate, which is 2°C / min or less. With these cooling conditions, the deterioration of the quality of building material tiles can be reduced more reliably, as seen from the results of the second and third experimental studies mentioned above.

[0114] Furthermore, the first heating device 10 for building material tiles according to the first embodiment has a heating chamber 110 into which building material tiles 2 (tiles 1 before regeneration) that have been removed from an existing building and have mortar 3 attached can be set, a housing 11 (box) that can seal the heating chamber 110, and a temperature control device 13 that can maintain the temperature of the heating chamber 110 at a constant temperature and can adjust the heating rate and cooling rate. Similar to the method for regenerating building material tiles, the mortar is weakened by heating, thereby increasing the certainty of weakening the mortar, shortening the time required for regenerating building material tiles, and reducing the deterioration of building material tile quality, workload, and environmental impact. In addition, since the first heating device 10 heats the mortar 3 using a heating principle similar to that of an oven, a large number of building material tiles 2 can be easily regenerated. Moreover, since it has a temperature control device 13, for example, the heating process (S2) and the cooling process (S3) with controlled cooling rate can be performed continuously in the same device.

[0115] Furthermore, the second heating device 20 for building material tiles according to the first embodiment includes a water tank 21 (container) into which building material tiles 2 (tiles 1 before regeneration) that have been removed from an existing building and have mortar 3 attached to their back surface can be set, a burner 23 (combustion means) installed so as to be able to apply a flame directly to the mortar 3, and a cooling device 27 (cooling means) installed so as to be able to cool the surface of the building material tile 2. Similar to the method for regenerating building material tiles, the mortar is weakened by heating, thereby increasing the certainty of weakening the mortar, shortening the time required for regenerating building material tiles, and reducing the deterioration of building material tile quality, workload, and environmental burden. Furthermore, the water tank 21 (container) is configured so that the back surface of the pre-recycled tile 1 is facing upward and vertically away from the bottom surface. This allows for concentrated heating of the mortar 3 while cooling the surface of the building material tile 2. This prevents cracking of the glaze contained in the building material tile 2, increases the heating temperature of the mortar 3, enhances the certainty of weakening the mortar 3, and shortens the time required for the heating process (S2). Moreover, the cooling device 27 (cooling means) in the second heating device 20 includes a water supply device 24 (supply means) capable of supplying water (liquid) to the water tank 21 (container) at a constant flow rate, and a drainage means 26 (discharge means) provided in the water tank 21 (container) capable of discharging water (liquid) from the water tank 21 (container). Since the building material tile 2 can be cooled using ordinary water, the cost required for the regeneration of the building material tile 2 can be reduced.

[0116] Furthermore, according to the third heating device 30 for building material tiles as per the first embodiment, it includes a support base 31 for supporting building material tiles 2 (tiles 1 before regeneration) that have been removed from an existing building and have mortar 3 attached to their back surface, and a burner 32 (combustion means) capable of generating a flame. The support base 31 supports the building material tile 2 with its back surface facing downwards and exposed, and the burner 32 (combustion means) is installed so that the mortar 3 is heated with a flame from below the building material tile 2. Similar to the method for regenerating building material tiles, the mortar 3 is weakened by heating, thereby increasing the certainty of weakening the mortar 3, shortening the time required for regenerating the building material tile 2, and reducing the deterioration of the quality of the building material tile 2, the workload, and the environmental burden. Moreover, since the weakened mortar 3 can fall due to gravity, the weakened mortar 3 can be efficiently removed. Furthermore, the third heating device 30 further includes an air blower 33 (air blowing means) that blows air towards the mortar 3 contained in the building material tile 2 heated by the burner 32 (combustion means), thereby improving the certainty of removing the weakened mortar 3. In addition, the third heating device 30 further includes a coating device 34 (coating means) that adheres raw material 4m (coating agent) to the surface of the building material tile 2 heated by the burner 32 (combustion means) to form a protective film 4, so the heat added by the burner 32 (combustion means) can be used to efficiently coat and reinforce the surface of the building material tile 2.

[0117] In addition, heating in the heating process (S2) may be performed using the first heating device 10, the second heating device 20, and the third heating device 30, or a heating device other than the first heating device 10, the second heating device 20, and the third heating device 30 may be used. If a heating chamber 110 that can be sealed, like the first heating device 10, is provided, and a temperature control device 13 that can maintain a constant temperature and adjust the heating rate and cooling rate is provided, the heating process (S2) and the cooling process (S3) can be performed continuously.

[0118] The embodiments of the building tile regeneration method and heating apparatus according to the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0119] For example, in the first embodiment described above, the method for regenerating building material tiles includes a pre-test step (S1) and a cooling step (S3), but either one or both of these steps may be omitted. Also, while the predetermined heating conditions consist of a heating temperature and a temperature duration, the contents of the heating conditions are not particularly limited and may be changed as appropriate. Similarly, while the predetermined cooling conditions consist of a cooling rate, the contents of the cooling rate are not particularly limited and may be changed as appropriate.

[0120] The first heating device 10 heats the pre-recycled tiles 1 using an oven-like heating principle, but the heating principle is not particularly limited and may be changed as appropriate. In the second heating device 20, the building material tiles 2 are cooled by water, but the building material tiles 2 may be cooled by a liquid other than water, a gas, or a solid. In the second heating device 20, the top of the water tank 21 is open, but the water tank 21 may be configured to be openable and closable so that the mortar 3 is heated with the inside sealed. Furthermore, in the second heating device 20, the mortar 3 is heated using a burner 23, but the equipment or device for heating the mortar 3 may be changed as appropriate, within a range that can heat the mortar 3 intensively and directly.

[0121] In the third heating device 30, the removal of mortar 3 from the building material tiles 2 is assisted and accelerated by blowing air from the side onto the weakened mortar 3, but air may also be blown from below. Furthermore, as a method of assistance and acceleration, chipping with tools such as scrapers may be applied instead of or in addition to blowing air.

[0122] The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 international goals adopted at the UN Summit in September 2015. The building tile recycling method and heating device according to this embodiment can contribute to achieving some of the 17 SDGs, such as Goal 11, "Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable." [Explanation of Symbols]

[0123] S1...Pre-test process, S2...Heating process, S3...Cooling process, S4...Removal process 1…Tiles before recycling, 2…Building material tiles, 3…Mortar, 4…Protective coating, 4m…Raw materials (coating agent) 10…First heating device (heating device) 11...Housing (box body), 110...Heating chamber, 111...Shelf 12…Heat source 13...Temperature control device (temperature control equipment), 13P...Temperature control program 20…Second heating device (heating device) 21…Aquarium (container) 22...Support stand 23... Burner (means of combustion) 24...Water supply device (supply means) 25...Temperature measuring device, 251...Temperature sensor, 252...Information processing device, 252P...Heating control program 26...Drainage means (discharge means) 27…Cooling device (cooling means) 30…Third heating device (heating device) 31...Support stand 32... Burner (means of combustion) 33…Air ejector (means of ejecting air) 34…Coating apparatus (coating means) 35...Control device 35P1…Heating control program, 35P2…Removal assistance control program, 35P3…Coating control program

Claims

1. A heating process in which the mortar attached to building material tiles removed from an existing building is heated under predetermined heating conditions, A method for regenerating building material tiles, comprising a removal step of removing the mortar that has undergone the heating step.

2. The method for regenerating building material tiles according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined heating conditions include a heating temperature, and the heating temperature is 600°C or more and 700°C or less.

3. The predetermined heating conditions include a heating temperature and a duration for maintaining heating at the heating temperature. The method for regenerating building material tiles according to claim 1, further comprising a preliminary test step of performing a preliminary test heating on the mortar attached to the building material tiles removed from the building, and setting the heating temperature and temperature duration as predetermined heating conditions based on the results of the preliminary test heating.

4. The process further includes a cooling step in which the mortar heated in the heating step is cooled under predetermined cooling conditions. The method for regenerating building material tiles according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the removal step involves removing the mortar that has undergone the cooling step.

5. The method for regenerating building material tiles according to claim 4, wherein the predetermined cooling conditions consist of a cooling rate, and the cooling rate is 2°C / min or less.

6. A box having a heating chamber into which building material tiles removed from an existing building and with mortar attached can be set, and the heating chamber can be sealed, A heating apparatus comprising a temperature control device capable of maintaining the temperature of the heating chamber at a constant temperature and adjusting the heating rate and cooling rate.

7. A container capable of holding building material tiles that have been removed from existing buildings and have mortar attached to the back, A combustion means is installed so as to be able to apply a flame directly to the mortar, A heating device having a cooling means installed to cool the surface of the building material tile.

8. The container is configured such that the building material tile can be set with its back surface facing upward and vertically separated from the bottom surface. The heating apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the cooling means comprises a supply means capable of supplying liquid to the container at a constant flow rate, and a discharge means provided in the container and capable of discharging liquid from the container.

9. A support base for supporting building material tiles that have been removed from existing buildings and have mortar attached to the back, It has a combustion means capable of generating flames, The support base supports the building material tile with its back surface facing downwards and with the back surface of the building material tile exposed. The combustion means is a heating device installed so as to heat the mortar with a flame from the underside of the building material tile.

10. The heating device according to claim 9, further comprising an air ejection means for ejecting air toward the mortar contained in the building material tile heated by the combustion means.

11. The heating apparatus according to claim 9 or claim 10, further comprising a coating means for attaching a coating agent to the surface of the building material tile heated by the combustion means to form a protective film.

Images