Method for distributing a mixture in a gaseous state

Abstract

The present invention provides a system and method for distributing a mixture in a gaseous state. [Solution] A system (1) for distributing a mixture, comprising a transfer circuit (3) designed such that one end is connected to a source of mixture (12) and the other end is connected to a sealed container (6), a first heating element (4), a second heating element (40), a first expansion element (8), a second expansion element (9), and a third expansion element (10), wherein the system (1) is configured such that, in the direction of the flow of the mixture in the transfer circuit (3), the mixture is continuously heated by the first heating element (4), expanded by the first expansion element (8), heated by the second heating element (40), expanded by the second expansion element (9), and expanded by the third expansion element (10).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a system for dispensing a mixture and a method for dispensing such a mixture.

Background Art

[0002] Document FR3054018 describes a method for dispensing a mixture to high-voltage or medium-voltage electrical equipment.

[0003] Such electrical equipment is used, for example, in high-voltage or medium-voltage transmission lines or high-voltage or medium-voltage distribution substations. [[ID=1十七]]

[0004] High-voltage or medium-voltage gas-insulated distribution substations are known as gas-insulated substations (GIS).

[0005] High-voltage or medium-voltage gas-insulated transmission lines are known as gas-insulated transmission lines (GIL).

[0006] As used herein, the term high voltage refers to a voltage that is strictly greater than 52 kV in alternating current and can reach 800 kV or more, and the term medium voltage refers to a voltage of 10 kV to 52 kV in alternating current.

[0007] As used herein, the term storage device refers to a container such as a gas cylinder or vessel that can hold a gas or mixture in a liquid state and / or a gaseous state and / or a supercritical state.

[0008] Currently, the most commonly used gas in this type of equipment is sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). This gas has relatively high dielectric strength, good thermal conductivity, and low dielectric loss. It is chemically inert, non-toxic to humans and animals, and recombines rapidly and almost completely after being dissociated by an electric arc. Furthermore, it is non-flammable and still readily available at an affordable price. However, SF6 has a major drawback: a global warming potential (GWP) of 22,200 and a residence time in the atmosphere of 3,200 years (compared to CO2's residence time of over 100 years), making it one of the most potent greenhouse gases.

[0009] Therefore, SF6 was added to the list of gases whose emissions must be restricted under the Kyoto Protocol (1997). The European Commission has also established a timetable for the gradual reduction of this gas in high-voltage and medium-voltage facilities.

[0010] The best way to limit SF6 emissions is to restrict the use of this gas, but this has led manufacturers in the electrical equipment industry to look for alternatives to SF6.

[0011] One promising alternative is the use of gas mixtures containing small proportions of the active molecule, fluoronitrile, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. For example, but not limited to, 3%–4% C4F7N, 10%–20% O2, and 75%–90% CO2. The proportions of the gas mixture must be carefully considered, particularly as they determine the dielectric properties of the mixture and its performance over a wide temperature range, such as from -25°C in winter to +50°C in summer. Other gas mixtures are also possible.

[0012] When this gas mixture is transported to a facility in a liquefied form, equipment located in that area faces difficulties in transferring the mixture from storage devices to high-voltage or medium-voltage electrical equipment.

[0013] This is because, considering that at least two components of this gas mixture do not have the same properties, the liquid and gas phases of the mixture are inherently heterogeneous within the storage device.

[0014] Liquefied gases stored in a storage device consist of two phases in equilibrium: a liquid phase and a gas phase. This equilibrium implies that at a given temperature, the liquefied gas has a predetermined pressure, and that this pressure fluctuates with temperature according to a relationship known as Clapeyron's equation, where the parameters are specific to each gas.

[0015] When extracting the gas phase from a bottle of liquefied gas, a portion of the liquid must be evaporated to maintain equilibrium and to regenerate the gas phase once it is exhausted.

[0016] Therefore, the energy necessary to compensate for this loss must be supplied. If the energy is not sufficient or fast enough to vaporize the liquid and thereby regenerate the vapor phase, the temperature, flow rate, and pressure will decrease.

[0017] One solution is to heat the cylinder by controlling the heating process using the pressure inside the cylinder.

[0018] Generally, heating techniques used to increase the flow rate of liquefied gas consist of heating the cylinder walls using resistance heating elements such as heating belts, heating cords, or heat transfer fluid circulation jackets.

[0019] Another heating technique used involves induction heating, for example, using an induction belt.

[0020] Document FR3054018 describes a solution for homogenizing dielectric insulating mixtures in a storage device. This ensures that the concentrations of various compounds remain the same before the mixture is removed, regardless of the level of the mixture in the storage device. The mixture can then be transferred to high-voltage or medium-voltage equipment via a transfer circuit without losing homogeneity. In particular, condensation of one or more gases in this mixture must be avoided. Known solutions include: Heating the mixture inside the storage device to obtain a homogeneous fluid within the storage device, To sample a homogeneous mixture inside the storage device, Raise the temperature of the collected mixture to 65°C to 90°C, In particular, this involves reducing the pressure of the collected mixture to 0 to 12 bar so that it can be filled into the equipment at a pressure of 6 to 12 bar.

[0021] Such temperature and pressure fluctuations within the transfer circuit can lead to the formation of at least one undesirable by-product, which may also crystallize when the temperature drops as a result of the pressure decrease. This can damage the equipment or limit the useful flow rate for distributing the gas mixture to high-voltage or medium-voltage electrical equipment. [Overview of the project]

[0022] The present invention aims to effectively improve these shortcomings by proposing a system for distributing a mixture into an enclosure, such as an enclosure for electrical equipment. A transfer circuit designed to be fluidly connected by one end to a source of a mixture, such as a single-phase mixture in the gas phase or supercritical phase, wherein the mixture includes, for example, a dielectric insulator, and the transfer circuit is also designed to be connected by the other end to a sealed container. A first heating element configured to enable heating of the mixture within the transfer circuit, A second heating element configured to enable heating of the mixture within the transfer circuit. For example, a first expansion element configured to enable expansion of the mixture within the transfer circuit such that the pressure of the mixture within the transfer circuit is reduced by only a value between 10 bar and 60 bar. For example, a second expansion element configured to enable expansion of the mixture within the transfer circuit such that the pressure of the mixture within the transfer circuit is reduced by only a value between 10 bar and 60 bar. For example, a third expansion element configured to enable expansion of the mixture within the transfer circuit such that the pressure of the mixture within the transfer circuit is reduced by only a value between 10 bar and 60 bar, and comprising. The system is configured such that, in the direction of flow of the mixture within the transfer circuit, the mixture is continuously heated by the first heating element, expanded by the first expansion element, heated by the second heating element, expanded by the second expansion element, and expanded by the third expansion element.

[0023] Therefore, the present invention starts from a source of a mixture, particularly a single-phase mixture in the gas phase or supercritical phase, and transfers this mixture to high-voltage or medium-voltage equipment without losing homogeneity while limiting the generation of by-products of the mixture and the crystallization of at least one by-product and thereby the deterioration of the performance of components such as expansion elements or flow control elements.

[0024] The present invention is particularly useful when the mixture contains CO2. This is because CO2 absorbs a large amount of energy when it expands, thus causing significant cooling, which in turn crystallizes one or more by-products.

[0025] According to one embodiment, the first heating element is configured to heat the mixture within the transfer circuit such that the temperature of the mixture within the transfer circuit increases by a predetermined value between 15°C and 40°C, and the second heating element is configured to heat the mixture within the transfer circuit such that the temperature of the mixture within the transfer circuit increases by a predetermined value between 15°C and 40°C.

[0026] According to one embodiment, the system comprises a third heating element configured to heat the mixture in the transfer circuit such that the temperature of the mixture in the transfer circuit increases by a predetermined value between 10°C and 25°C.

[0027] According to one embodiment, the second expansion element and the third expansion element are fluidly connected to each other by a portion of the transfer circuit, the body of the second expansion element and the body of the third expansion element are at least 5 cm apart, for example separated from each other by said portion, which has a passage cross-section for the mixture that is, for example, larger than the minimum passage cross-section of either the second expansion element or the third expansion element.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the mixture is associated with a specific thermodynamic diagram.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the mixture is single-phase and preferably homogeneous.

[0030] Such a mixture is homogeneous when its various components and / or elemental gases are homogeneous at the source.

[0031] According to one embodiment, the source of the single-phase mixture is obtained from a heterogeneous and / or at least two-phase mixture.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the thermodynamic diagram is an enthalpy diagram such as a Mollier diagram.

[0033] In one embodiment, the electrical equipment is electrical equipment for high-voltage or medium-voltage transmission lines or electrical equipment for high-voltage or medium-voltage distribution substations.

[0034] According to one embodiment, the mixture contains an insulating gas such as a dielectric insulator.

[0035] According to one embodiment, the mixture contains carbon dioxide.

[0036] According to one embodiment, the mixture contains an insulating gas, such as a dielectric insulating material, and carbon dioxide in specific proportions.

[0037] In one embodiment, the mixture contains a specific proportion of fluorinated nitrile such as (CF3)2CFCN and carbon dioxide.

[0038] According to one embodiment, the mixture comprises CO2 and fluorinated nitrile, for example, the mixture comprises 2 mol% to 10 mol% of fluorinated nitrile, particularly 3.5 mol% to 3.8 mol% of fluorinated nitrile, preferably 3.5 mol% or 3.8 mol% of fluorinated nitrile.

[0039] In one embodiment, the system includes a storage device for containing a fluid, for example, a dielectric insulating material, which is in the liquid phase, gas phase, or supercritical phase within the storage device.

[0040] According to one embodiment, the storage device is configured to enable the storage of a fluid in a liquid / gas phase, a pure gas phase, or a supercritical phase within the storage device.

[0041] According to one embodiment, the system comprises a heating element for a storage device configured to enable heating of a fluid in the storage device, for example, to change a mixture from a liquid phase to a gas phase or supercritical phase, and / or to maintain the fluid in a gas phase or supercritical phase.

[0042] According to one embodiment, the transfer circuit is fluidly connected to a storage device and, for example, functions as a source of a mixture of gaseous or supercritical phases for the system, thereby allowing a portion of the gaseous or supercritical phase fluid to flow from the storage device into the transfer circuit.

[0043] According to one embodiment, the system includes valves and / or taps configured to selectively fluid-isolate a storage device from a transfer circuit or to fluid-connect the storage device and the transfer circuit, thereby allowing a portion of the gaseous or supercritical fluid to flow from the storage device into the transfer circuit.

[0044] According to one embodiment, the system is configured to keep the volume of a storage device occupied by a fluid constant, and to allow the fluid to enter a supercritical phase when its temperature increases.

[0045] According to one embodiment, the system is configured to keep the volume of a storage device occupied by a fluid constant, and to allow the fluid to enter a pure gas phase when its temperature increases.

[0046] According to one embodiment, the heating element of the storage device includes an induction heater such as an induction belt.

[0047] According to one embodiment, the heating element of the storage device comprises electromagnetic induction means and / or microwave means capable of heating the fluid inside the storage means.

[0048] According to one embodiment, the storage device comprises an insulated, airtight container such as an insulated box.

[0049] According to one embodiment, the transport circuit comprises, for example, a pipe lined with an insulating wall.

[0050] According to one embodiment, the first heating element comprises a heat exchanger such as a coil-type exchanger and / or a plate-type exchanger and / or an immersion-type exchanger.

[0051] According to one embodiment, the second heating element comprises a heat exchanger such as a coil-type exchanger and / or a plate-type exchanger and / or an immersion-type exchanger.

[0052] According to one embodiment, the third heating element comprises a heat exchanger such as a coil-type exchanger and / or a plate-type exchanger and / or an immersion-type exchanger.

[0053] According to one embodiment, the first heating element and the second heating element belong to the same heating device configured, for example, to exchange heat with a transfer circuit on two different sections.

[0054] In one variant, the first heating element and the second heating element belong to two separate heating devices.

[0055] According to one embodiment, the first expansion element comprises a pressure reducer and / or an expansion valve and / or a pressure regulator.

[0056] According to one embodiment, the second expansion element comprises a pressure reducer and / or an expansion valve and / or a pressure regulator.

[0057] According to one embodiment, the third expansion element comprises a pressure reducer and / or an expansion valve and / or a pressure regulator.

[0058] According to one embodiment, the expansion valve comprises a diaphragm expansion valve and / or a membrane expansion valve and / or a dome expansion valve and / or a piston expansion valve.

[0059] According to one embodiment, the system includes a valve or tap that allows selective isolation of the supply source of the transfer circuit from the fluid flow.

[0060] The present invention also relates to a method for distributing a mixture from a source to a sealed container, such as a sealed container for electrical equipment, wherein the method a) Providing a source of a mixture such as a single-phase mixture of a gas phase or supercritical phase, wherein the mixture includes, for example, a dielectric insulating material. b) A step of transferring the mixture from the supply source to the sealed container via a transfer circuit that fluidly connects the supply source to the sealed container, c) A step of heating the mixture in the transfer circuit via a first heating element, wherein the mixture has an inlet temperature and inlet pressure upstream of the first heating element in the transfer circuit, and heating step c) is carried out such that the temperature of the mixture downstream of the first heating element in the transfer circuit reaches a first predetermined temperature, the first predetermined temperature being higher than the inlet temperature, and heating step c) is carried out, for example, during the transfer step b). d) A step of expanding the mixture heated in step c) through the first expansion element until the pressure of the mixture downstream of the first expansion element in the transfer circuit equals a first predetermined pressure, where the first predetermined pressure is reduced by, for example, 10 to 60 bar relative to the inlet pressure, and so the temperature of the mixture downstream of the expansion element in the transfer circuit reaches a second temperature, the second temperature being lower than the first predetermined temperature, and the expansion step d) is performed, for example, during the transfer step b). e) A step of heating the mixture expanded in step d) in the transfer circuit via the second heating element such that the temperature of the mixture downstream of the second heating element in the transfer circuit reaches a third predetermined temperature, where the third predetermined temperature is higher than the second temperature, and the heating step e) is performed, for example, during the transfer step b). f) A step of expanding the mixture heated in step e) through the second expansion element until the pressure of the mixture in the transfer circuit downstream of the second expansion element becomes equal to a second predetermined pressure, where the second predetermined pressure is reduced by, for example, 10 to 60 bar relative to the first predetermined pressure, and the expansion step f) is performed, for example, during the transfer step b). g) expand the mixture expanded in step f) through the third expansion element until the pressure of the mixture downstream of the third expansion element in the transfer circuit is equal to a third predetermined pressure, where the third predetermined pressure is reduced by, for example, 10 to 60 bar relative to the second predetermined pressure, and the expansion step g) is performed, for example, during the transfer step b).

[0061] According to one embodiment, the process comprises the step of heating the mixture expanded in step f) through the third heating element such that the temperature of the mixture downstream of the third heating element in the transfer circuit reaches a fourth predetermined temperature, the fourth predetermined temperature being higher than the third predetermined temperature, and the heating step h) is performed before or during the expanding step g), and the heating step h) is performed, for example, during the transfer step b).

[0062] According to one embodiment, the inlet temperature is 20°C to 40°C, for example 25°C to 35°C, and / or the first predetermined temperature is 45°C to 70°C, for example 50°C to 65°C, and / or the second predetermined temperature is 45°C to 70°C, for example 50°C to 65°C.

[0063] According to one embodiment, in heating step c), the temperature of the mixture in the transfer circuit increases by a predetermined value of 15°C to 40°C, and / or in heating step e), the temperature of the mixture in the transfer circuit increases by a predetermined value of 15°C to 40°C.

[0064] According to one embodiment, in heating step c), the first predetermined temperature is 20% to 120% higher than the inlet temperature.

[0065] According to one embodiment, the fourth predetermined temperature is 20°C to 50°C.

[0066] According to one embodiment, in heating step h), the temperature of the mixture in the transfer circuit increases by a value of 10°C to 25°C.

[0067] According to one embodiment, the values ​​of a first predetermined temperature and / or a third predetermined temperature and / or a fourth predetermined temperature and / or a first predetermined pressure and / or a second predetermined pressure and / or a third predetermined pressure are calculated based on a thermodynamic diagram that has been predetermined so that the characteristics of the mixture in the transfer circuit remain away from the condensation curve of the thermodynamic diagram.

[0068] According to one embodiment, the process includes the step of calculating a first predetermined temperature and / or a third predetermined temperature and / or a fourth predetermined temperature and / or a first predetermined pressure and / or a second predetermined pressure and / or a third predetermined pressure based on a predetermined thermodynamic diagram such that the characteristics of the mixture in the transfer circuit remain away from the condensation curve of the thermodynamic diagram.

[0069] According to one embodiment, the process comprises the step of heating the fluid inside the storage device to a temperature such that the contents of the storage device become a homogeneous fluid, particularly in the gas phase or supercritical phase.

[0070] According to one embodiment, during step b) transfer, a variable pressure control setpoint calculated in real time from the weight of the storage medium is applied, and when the variation in the pressure setpoint is a density variation of less than 0.2 bar per 1 kg / m3, a constant temperature control setpoint is applied until the contents of the storage medium are emptied.

[0071] According to one embodiment, the fluid heating step comprises heating the fluid to a predetermined temperature based on a thermodynamic diagram, for example, such that the characteristics of the fluid in the storage device remain away from the condensation curve of the thermodynamic diagram, until the fluid reaches the gas phase or supercritical phase.

[0072] According to one embodiment, the storage device is fluid-isolated from the transfer circuit during the fluid heating step.

[0073] According to one embodiment, at the end of the fluid heating step, the pressure inside the storage means is 40 to 120 bar.

[0074] According to one embodiment, during step b) the transfer, the flow rate of the mixture in the transfer circuit is 6 Nm³ / h to 50 Nm³ / h, preferably 10 Nm³ / h to 25 Nm³ / h.

[0075] According to one embodiment, during step g) expansion, a predetermined third pressure is equal to a predetermined sealed container filling pressure.

[0076] The present invention may also relate to any alternative apparatus or method comprising any combination of the features described above or below.

[0077] The present invention will be better understood by reading the following description and referring to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0078] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of the system according to the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0079] Referring to Figure 1, a system 1 for distributing a mixture into a sealed container 6, for example, a sealed container 6 for electrical equipment.

[0080] In one exemplary embodiment, the electrical equipment is electrical equipment for high-voltage or medium-voltage transmission lines, or electrical equipment for high-voltage or medium-voltage distribution substations.

[0081] In one exemplary embodiment, the mixture includes an insulating gas such as a dielectric insulating material, and also includes carbon dioxide, where the insulating gas and carbon dioxide are in a specific ratio.

[0082] In one exemplary embodiment, the mixture contains a specific proportion of fluorinated nitrile such as (CF3)2CFCN and carbon dioxide.

[0083] System 1 is A transfer circuit 3 is designed to be fluidly connected by one end to a source 12 of a mixture, such as a single-phase mixture in the gas phase or supercritical phase, where the mixture includes, for example, a dielectric insulating material, and the transfer circuit 3 is further designed to be connected by the other end to a sealed container 6. A first heating element 4 is configured to allow heating of the mixture within the transfer circuit 3, A second heating element 40 is configured to enable heating of the mixture in the transfer circuit 3, For example, a first expansion element 8 is configured to allow the mixture in the transfer circuit 3 to expand so that the pressure of the mixture in the transfer circuit 3 is reduced by a value of 10 bar to 60 bar, For example, a second expansion element 9 is configured to allow the mixture in the transfer circuit 3 to expand so that the pressure of the mixture in the transfer circuit 3 is reduced by a value of 10 bar to 60 bar, For example, the system includes a third expansion element 10 configured to allow the mixture in the transfer circuit 3 to expand so that the pressure of the mixture in the transfer circuit 3 is reduced by a value of 10 bar to 60 bar.

[0084] System 1 is configured such that, in the direction of the flow of the mixture in the transfer circuit 3, the mixture is continuously heated by the first heating element 4, expanded by the first expansion element 8, heated by the second heating element 40, expanded by the second expansion element 9, and expanded by the third expansion element 10.

[0085] The first heating element 4 is configured to enable heating of the mixture in the transfer circuit 3 so that the temperature of the mixture in the transfer circuit 3 increases by a predetermined value between 15°C and 40°C.

[0086] The second heating element 40 is configured to enable heating of the mixture in the transfer circuit 3 so that the temperature of the mixture in the transfer circuit 3 increases by a predetermined value between 15°C and 40°C.

[0087] In one exemplary embodiment, system 1 includes a third heating element 5 configured to heat the mixture in the transfer circuit 3 such that the temperature of the mixture in the transfer circuit increases by a predetermined value between 10°C and 25°C.

[0088] The second expansion element 9 and the third expansion element 10 are fluidly connected to each other by a part of the transfer circuit 3.

[0089] The body of the second expansion element 9 and the body of the third expansion element 10 are separated by at least 5 cm, for example, by a portion thereof, which has a passage cross-section for a mixture that is larger than the minimum passage cross-section of either the second expansion element 9 or the third expansion element 10.

[0090] In one exemplary embodiment, system 1 comprises a storage device 2 that contains a fluid, for example, a dielectric insulating material, which is in a liquid phase, gaseous phase, or supercritical phase within the storage device.

[0091] The storage device 2 is configured to allow the fluid to be stored within the storage device in a liquid / gas phase, a pure gas phase, or a supercritical phase.

[0092] System 1 includes a heating element 11 for a storage device 2 configured to enable heating of a fluid in the storage device, for example, to change a mixture from a liquid phase to a gas phase or supercritical phase, and / or to maintain the fluid in a gas phase or supercritical phase.

[0093] The transfer circuit 3 is fluidly connected to the storage device 2 and, for example, functions as a source 12 for supplying a mixture of gaseous or supercritical phases for system 1, thereby allowing a portion of the gaseous or supercritical phase fluid to flow from the storage device 2 into the transfer circuit 3.

[0094] System 1 includes a valve 7 and / or tap configured to selectively isolate the storage device 2 from the transfer circuit 3 or to fluidly connect the storage device 2 and the transfer circuit 3, thereby allowing a portion of the gaseous or supercritical fluid to flow from the storage device 2 into the transfer circuit 3.

[0095] When valve 7 or tap is open, the supercritical phase or pure gaseous mixture in the container can enter the transfer circuit 3, where it can be cooled by Joule-Thomson expansion.

[0096] System 1 is configured to keep the volume of the storage device 2 occupied by the fluid constant, and to allow the fluid to enter a supercritical phase when its temperature increases.

[0097] System 1 is configured to keep the volume of the storage device 2 occupied by the fluid constant, and to allow the fluid to enter a pure gas phase when its temperature increases.

[0098] The heating element 11 of the storage device includes an induction heater such as an induction belt.

[0099] The heating element 11 of the storage device includes electromagnetic induction means and / or microwave means capable of heating the fluid inside the storage means 2.

[0100] The storage device 2 includes an insulated, airtight container such as an insulated box.

[0101] The transport circuit 3 includes, for example, a pipe lined with an insulating wall.

[0102] A method for distributing the mixture from the supply source 12 to a sealed container 6, such as a sealed container 6 for electrical equipment, will be described below.

[0103] In one exemplary embodiment, such a method is carried out using System 1 shown in Figure 1.

[0104] This method, a) Providing a source 12 of a mixture such as a single-phase mixture of the gas phase or supercritical phase, wherein the mixture includes, for example, a dielectric insulating material. b) A step of transferring the mixture from the supply source 12 to the sealed container 6 via a transfer circuit 3 that fluidly connects the supply source 12 to the sealed container 6, c) A step of heating the mixture in the transfer circuit 3 via a first heating element 4, where the mixture has an inlet temperature and inlet pressure upstream of the first heating element 4 in the transfer circuit 3, and heating step c) is carried out such that the temperature of the mixture downstream of the first heating element 4 in the transfer circuit reaches a first predetermined temperature, the first predetermined temperature being higher than the inlet temperature, and heating step c) is carried out, for example, during the transfer step b). d) A step of expanding the mixture heated in step c) through the first expansion element 8 until the pressure of the mixture downstream of the first expansion element 8 in the transfer circuit 3 becomes equal to a first predetermined pressure, where the first predetermined pressure is reduced by, for example, 10 to 60 bar relative to the inlet pressure, and so the temperature of the mixture downstream of the expansion element 8 in the transfer circuit 3 reaches a second temperature, the second temperature being lower than the first predetermined temperature, and the expansion step d) is performed, for example, during the transfer step b). e) A step of heating the mixture expanded in step d) in the transfer circuit 3 via the second heating element 40 such that the temperature of the mixture downstream of the second heating element 40 in the transfer circuit 3 reaches a third predetermined temperature, where the third predetermined temperature is higher than the second temperature, and the heating step e) is performed, for example, during the transfer step b). f) The step of expanding the mixture heated in step e) through the second expansion element 9 until the pressure of the mixture in the transfer circuit 3 downstream of the second expansion element 9 is equal to a second predetermined pressure, where the second predetermined pressure is reduced by, for example, 10 to 60 bar relative to the first predetermined pressure, and the expansion step f) is performed, for example, during the transfer step b). g) expand the mixture expanded in step f) through the third expansion element 10 until the pressure of the mixture downstream of the third expansion element 10 in the transfer circuit 3 is equal to a third predetermined pressure, where the third predetermined pressure is reduced by, for example, 10 to 60 bar relative to the second predetermined pressure, and the expansion step g) is performed, for example, during the transfer step b).

[0105] The method comprises the step of heating the mixture expanded in step f) through the third heating element 5 such that the temperature of the mixture downstream of the third heating element 5 in the transfer circuit 3 reaches a fourth predetermined temperature, the fourth predetermined temperature being higher than the third predetermined temperature, and the heating step h) is performed before or during the expanding step g), and the heating step h) is performed, for example, during the transfer step b).

[0106] The inlet temperature is 20°C to 40°C, for example, 25°C to 35°C, and / or the first predetermined temperature is 45°C to 70°C, for example, 50°C to 65°C, and / or the second predetermined temperature is 45°C to 70°C, for example, 50°C to 65°C.

[0107] In heating step c), the temperature of the mixture in the transfer circuit 3 increases by a predetermined value between 15°C and 40°C, and / or in heating step e), the temperature of the mixture in the transfer circuit increases by a predetermined value between 15°C and 40°C.

[0108] In one exemplary embodiment, System 1 comprises a computing unit for implementing the process described above.

[0109] In one exemplary embodiment, the filling pressure of the sealed container 6 is set to 10 bar. When the pressure obtained during the expansion step g) is sufficient, filling proceeds as is, and thus expansion continues between the downstream side of the third expansion element 10 and the sealed container 6. The pressure inside the sealed container 6 gradually increases. When the pressure caused by the expansion step g) is no longer sufficient, a final compression step by the final compressor allows the pressure of the mixture to increase to reach the filling pressure of the sealed container 6.

Claims

1. A system (1) for distributing a mixture into a sealed container (6), for example, a sealed container (6) for electrical equipment, - A transfer circuit (3) designed to be fluidly connected by one end to a source (12) of a mixture, such as a single-phase mixture of a gas phase or supercritical phase, wherein the mixture includes, for example, a dielectric insulating material, and the transfer circuit (3) is also designed to be connected by the other end to the sealed container (6). - A first heating element (4) configured to enable heating of the mixture in the transfer circuit (3), - A second heating element (40) configured to enable heating of the mixture in the transfer circuit (3), - For example, a first expansion element (8) configured to allow the mixture in the transfer circuit (3) to expand so that the pressure of the mixture in the transfer circuit (3) is reduced by a value of 10 bar to 60 bar, - For example, a second expansion element (9) configured to allow the mixture in the transfer circuit (3) to expand so that the pressure of the mixture in the transfer circuit (3) is reduced by a value of 10 bar to 60 bar, - For example, a third expansion element (10) configured to allow the mixture in the transfer circuit (3) to expand so that the pressure of the mixture in the transfer circuit (3) is reduced by a value of 10 bar to 60 bar, Equipped with, The system (1) is configured such that, in the direction of the flow of the mixture in the transfer circuit (3), the mixture is continuously heated by the first heating element (4), expanded by the first expansion element (8), heated by the second heating element (40), expanded by the second expansion element (9), and expanded by the third expansion element (10).

2. The system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first heating element (4) is configured to heat the mixture in the transfer circuit (3) so that the temperature of the mixture in the transfer circuit (3) increases by a predetermined value of 15°C to 40°C, and the second heating element (40) is configured to heat the mixture in the transfer circuit (3) so that the temperature of the mixture in the transfer circuit (3) increases by a predetermined value of 15°C to 40°C.

3. The system (1) according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a third heating element (5) configured to enable heating of the mixture in the transfer circuit (3) such that the temperature of the mixture in the transfer circuit increases by a predetermined value between 10°C and 25°C.

4. The system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second expansion element (9) and the third expansion element (10) are fluidly connected to each other by a portion of the transfer circuit (3), the body of the second expansion element (9) and the body of the third expansion element (10) are separated by at least 5 cm, for example by the portion, the portion having a passage cross-section for the mixture that is larger than the minimum passage cross-section of either the second expansion element (9) or the third expansion element (10).

5. A method for distributing a mixture from a source (12) to a sealed container (6), such as a sealed container (6) for electrical equipment, - a) Providing a source (12) of a mixture such as a single-phase mixture of a gas phase or supercritical phase, wherein the mixture includes, for example, a dielectric insulating material. - b) A step of transferring the mixture from the supply source (12) to the sealed container (6) via a transfer circuit (3) that fluidly connects the supply source (12) to the sealed container (6), - c) A step of heating the mixture in the transfer circuit (3) via a first heating element (4), wherein the mixture has an inlet temperature and inlet pressure upstream of the first heating element (4) in the transfer circuit (3), and step c) is performed such that the temperature of the mixture downstream of the first heating element (4) in the transfer circuit reaches a first predetermined temperature, the first predetermined temperature being higher than the inlet temperature, and step c) is performed, for example, during step b), - d) A step of expanding the mixture heated in step c) through the first expansion element (8) until the pressure of the mixture downstream of the first expansion element (8) in the transfer circuit (3) is equal to a first predetermined pressure, where the first predetermined pressure is reduced by, for example, 10 to 60 bar relative to the inlet pressure, so that the temperature of the mixture downstream of the expansion element (8) in the transfer circuit (3) reaches a second temperature, the second temperature being lower than the first predetermined temperature, and the expansion step d) is performed, for example, during the transfer step b). - e) A step of heating the mixture expanded in step d) in the transfer circuit (3) via the second heating element (40) such that the temperature of the mixture downstream of the second heating element (40) in the transfer circuit (3) reaches a third predetermined temperature, where the third predetermined temperature is higher than the second temperature, and the heating step e) is performed, for example, during the transfer step b). - f) A step of expanding the mixture heated in step e) through the second expansion element (9) until the pressure of the mixture in the transfer circuit (3) downstream of the second expansion element (9) is equal to a second predetermined pressure, where the second predetermined pressure is reduced by, for example, 10 to 60 bar relative to the first predetermined pressure, and the expansion step f) is performed, for example, during the transfer step b). - g) Expanding the mixture expanded in step f) through the third expansion element (10) until the pressure of the mixture downstream of the third expansion element (10) in the transfer circuit (3) is equal to a third predetermined pressure, wherein the third predetermined pressure is reduced by, for example, 10 to 60 bar relative to the second predetermined pressure, and the expansion step g) is performed, for example, during the transfer step b). A method that includes [a certain feature].

6. The method according to claim 5, comprising the step of heating the mixture expanded in step f) via the third heating element (5) such that the temperature of the mixture downstream of the third heating element (5) in the transfer circuit (3) reaches a fourth predetermined temperature, wherein the fourth predetermined temperature is higher than the third predetermined temperature, the heating step h) is performed before or during the expanding step g), and the heating step h) is performed, for example, during the transfer step b).

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the inlet temperature is 20°C to 40°C, for example 25°C to 35°C, and / or the first predetermined temperature is 45°C to 70°C, for example 50°C to 65°C, and / or the second predetermined temperature is 45°C to 70°C, for example 50°C to 65°C.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein in step c) heating, the temperature of the mixture in the transfer circuit (3) increases by a predetermined value of 15°C to 40°C, and / or in step e) heating, the temperature of the mixture in the transfer circuit increases by a predetermined value of 15°C to 40°C.

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