Architecture Construction

Abstract

This reduces the axial force and bending stress acting on the slanted column. [Solution] The frame structure includes diagonal columns that project downward from the top of the building, beam members that span across the diagonal columns, vertical support columns whose upper ends are rigidly joined to the joint between the beam members and the diagonal columns and which have less cross-sectional rigidity than the diagonal columns, and foundation beams that cantilever out from the top of the piles and are pinned to the lower ends of the vertical support columns.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a structural structure.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a building in which a trapezoidal frame is configured as a main frame in the span direction of a steel-frame building to form the framework of the entire building.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In Patent Document 1, since the diagonal column functions as a brace and large axial force and bending stress act thereon, it is necessary to increase the cross-sectional performance of the diagonal column, which is not preferable in terms of design.

[0005] This disclosure provides a structural structure that reduces the axial force and bending stress acting on the diagonal column.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The structural structure of the first aspect includes a diagonal column projecting obliquely downward from the top of the building, a beam member spanned over the diagonal column, a vertical column having an upper end rigidly joined to a joint portion between the beam member and the diagonal column and having a smaller cross-sectional rigidity than the diagonal column, and a foundation beam springing out from the pile head and having a lower end of the vertical column pin-jointed thereto.

[0007] In this aspect, by supporting the diagonal column with a vertical column instead of a foundation beam, the diagonal column can be accommodated in a minimum space as compared with a structure in which the diagonal column is supported by a foundation beam.

[0008] Furthermore, by rigidly connecting vertical supports to the joints between the beams and the diagonal columns, deformation of the frame formed by the diagonal columns and beams outside the structural plane is suppressed.

[0009] Furthermore, since the vertical support columns, which have less cross-sectional rigidity than the diagonal columns, are pinned to the foundation beams that can bend out from the pile heads, the axial force and bending stress acting on the diagonal columns can be reduced.

[0010] Furthermore, by reducing the sectional rigidity of the vertical support columns, the cross-section of the vertical support columns becomes smaller, improving the aesthetic design of the exterior.

[0011] In the frame structure of the second embodiment, the pin joint consists of a horizontal plate protruding laterally from the side surface of the lower end of the vertical support column, and a bolt that connects the horizontal plate and the connecting plate to the foundation beam by overlapping them.

[0012] In this embodiment, by pinning the horizontal plate and the connecting plate at the side of the lower end of the vertical support column, rather than directly below the vertical support column, it is possible to reduce the likelihood of plate bending.

[0013] In the third embodiment of the frame structure, the pin joint comprises a column flange protruding from the lower end of the vertical support column, a beam flange provided on the foundation beam and superimposed on the column flange, and a support pin provided through the column flange and the beam flange to rotatably support the column flange.

[0014] In this embodiment, by using a pin joint, the degree of fixation of the vertical support column is reduced, the axial force acting on the vertical support column is suppressed, and bending stress can be reduced. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] According to this disclosure, a frame structure can be provided that reduces axial force and bending stress acting on diagonal columns. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0016] [Figure 1] This is a front view showing a building including the frame structure of this embodiment. [Figure 2] It is a front sectional view showing the joint part of the diagonal column and the vertical column in the frame structure of this embodiment. [Figure 3] It is an analysis result showing the deformed state when an external force in the width direction is generated with respect to the analysis model corresponding to the building shape of FIG. 1. [Figure 4] Regarding the joint part of the vertical column and the foundation beam in the deformation example (first deformation example) of the frame structure of this embodiment, (A) is a side sectional view at the center of the support pin and the vertical column, and (B) is a front sectional view of (A).

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0017] Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0018] In the figure, the arrow H indicates the upper side (vertically upward) in the vertical direction of the frame structure. Therefore, the opposite direction of the arrow H is the lower side (vertically downward) in the vertical direction of the frame structure. Also, the arrow W in the figure indicates one side (horizontal one side) in the width direction of the frame structure. Therefore, the opposite direction of the arrow W is the other side (horizontal other side) in the width direction of the frame structure. Also, the arrow D in the figure indicates one side in the depth direction of the frame structure. Therefore, the opposite direction of the arrow D is the other side in the depth direction of the frame structure. Also, the arrows H, W, and D are orthogonal to each other. Since these directions are defined for convenience of explanation, the configuration of the frame structure is not limited to these directions.

[0019] <Overall Configuration> As shown in FIG. 1, the building 1 includes a column 2 erected on a foundation beam 50 in a state where the foundation beam 50 described later is bridged over the head part 42 of a pile 40 buried in the ground (not shown), a beam 3 bridged between the columns 2, and a slab 4 disposed between the column 2 and the beam 3. The building 1 has a plurality of floors. In this embodiment, the building 1 is a three-story building.

[0020] Building 1 has a structural framework 10 that connects the top T of the outer column 2A located on the outside among the columns 2 and a part of the foundation beam 50 at a position horizontally spaced from the outer column 2A.

[0021] (Structural framework) The structural framework 10 forms a void space (not shown) between itself and the outer column 2A of Building 1 and is a steel skeleton structure that supports an exterior sloped roof (not shown). The structural framework 10 has diagonal columns 12, beam members 14 (see FIG. 2), vertical columns 20, and a foundation beam 50.

[0022] (Diagonal column) The diagonal column 12 is a column that projects obliquely downward from Building 1. Specifically, the diagonal column 12 is a column that projects obliquely so as to move away horizontally from the outer column 2A as it extends vertically downward from the top T of the outer column 2A. In the present embodiment, the diagonal column 12 projects obliquely from the top T to between the first - floor part and the second - floor part of Building 1.

[0023] (Beam member) As shown in FIG. 2, the beam member 14 is a beam that extends in the depth direction. In the present embodiment, the beam member 14 is made of steel. Also, the beam member 14 is spanned across the diagonal column 12. The beam member 14 and the diagonal column 12 form a joint part 30.

[0024] (Vertical column) The vertical column 20 is a column that extends in the vertical direction. In the vertical column 20, the upper end 22 is rigidly joined to the joint part 30, and the cross - sectional rigidity in the direction intersecting the vertical direction (horizontal direction) is set to be smaller than that of the diagonal column 12. The vertical column 20 rigidly joined to the joint part 30 suppresses out - of - plane deformation.

[0025] In the vertical column 20, the lower end (not shown) is located below the slab 4. Specifically, the vertical column 20 penetrates a through - hole (not shown) formed in the slab 4 in the vertical direction, and the lower end is located below the slab 4.

[0026] The vertical support column 20 comprises a lower plate (not shown), an upper plate (not shown), and a horizontal plate (not shown).

[0027] The lower plate is a metal plate (base plate) that forms the bottom surface at the lower end of the vertical support column 20. The lower plate is rectangular in shape, with all four sides extending outward from the outer edge of the vertical support column 20. The thickness direction of the lower plate is aligned with the vertical direction.

[0028] The upper plate is a metal plate positioned vertically above the lower plate and below the slab 4. Like the lower plate, the upper plate is rectangular in shape, with all four sides extending outward from the outer edge of the vertical support column 20. The thickness direction of the upper plate is aligned with the vertical direction.

[0029] The horizontal plate is a rectangular metal plate that protrudes horizontally from the side of the lower end of the vertical support column 20. The horizontal plate is positioned between the upper plate and the lower plate and is joined to the upper plate and the lower plate.

[0030] Furthermore, the space between the upper plate and the lower plate is not limited to the space between the lower surface of the upper plate and the upper surface of the lower plate, but also includes the space between the upper surface of the upper plate and the lower surface of the lower plate.

[0031] Bolt holes (not shown) are formed in the horizontal plate. The bolt holes penetrate the horizontal plate in the depth direction. In this embodiment, four bolt holes are arranged spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction.

[0032] (foundation beam) As shown in Figure 1, the foundation beam 50 extends horizontally and is a main beam that forms the lower part of the building 1. The foundation beam 50 also cantilevers outwards horizontally from the pile head 42A of the pile 40A, which is located outside the outer column 2A. Details of the end region AR of the foundation beam 50 will now be described. In this embodiment, the foundation beam 50 is an H-shaped steel with an upper flange (not shown), a lower flange (not shown), and a web (not shown).

[0033] The upper flange is the flange that forms the upper surface of the foundation beam 50. The thickness direction of the upper flange is aligned with the vertical direction. The upper flange is positioned to sandwich the support member (not shown) of the building 1 between itself and the lower surface of the slab 4. In this embodiment, the upper flange is positioned above the upper plate of the vertical support column 20.

[0034] The lower flange is the flange that forms the lower surface of the foundation beam 50. The plate thickness direction of the lower flange is aligned with the vertical direction. The lower flange is positioned vertically below the upper flange. In this embodiment, the lower flange is positioned below the lower plate of the vertical support column 20.

[0035] The web is a plate-like portion with its depth direction oriented as the thickness direction. The web is integrally formed with the upper flange and the lower flange, connecting the upper flange and the lower flange. The horizontal end of the web on the side of the vertical support column 20 is positioned at a distance from the horizontal plate of the vertical support column 20. In other words, a gap is formed between the web and the horizontal plate in the horizontal direction.

[0036] Bolt holes (not shown) are formed in the web. The bolt holes penetrate the web in the thickness direction. In this embodiment, four bolt holes are arranged at positions corresponding to the four bolt holes in the horizontal plate, spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction.

[0037] Furthermore, the lower ends of the vertical support columns 20 are pin-connected to the foundation beam 50. Specifically, the horizontal plates of the vertical support columns 20 are pin-connected to the web of the foundation beam 50.

[0038] (joint part) In this embodiment of the pin joint, the joint portion (not shown) is composed of a joint plate (not shown), a bolt (not shown), and a horizontal plate of the vertical support column 20. In other words, the pin joint in this embodiment is a pin joint using pins at the ends of the main beam.

[0039] The connecting plate is a metal plate that connects the horizontal plate and the web of the foundation beam 50. The connecting plate is connected to the horizontal plate and the web by overlapping them in the depth direction. Specifically, the connecting plate is connected by overlapping them in the depth direction so as to fill the gap between the horizontal plate and the web. Bolt holes (not shown) are formed in the connecting plate. The bolt holes penetrate the connecting plate in the thickness direction. In this embodiment, eight bolt holes are arranged, corresponding to the four bolt holes in the web of the foundation beam 50 and the four bolt holes in the horizontal plate of the vertical support column 20.

[0040] The bolts are fastening members used to join the horizontal plate and the foundation beam 50 by overlapping the connecting plate. The bolts are screwed into the bolt holes formed in the horizontal plate, the foundation beam 50, and the connecting plate, respectively. In this embodiment, eight bolts are screwed in, corresponding to the eight bolt holes.

[0041] Alternatively, rivets may be used as fastening members instead of bolts.

[0042] The frame structure 10 is thus constructed.

[0043] <Effects and Effects> Next, the effects and benefits of the frame structure 10 of this embodiment will be explained, along with the results of analysis using an analytical model.

[0044] The frame structure 10 of this embodiment includes an inclined column 12 that extends diagonally downward from the top T of the building 1, a beam member 14 that spans across the inclined column 12, a vertical support column 20 whose upper end 22 is rigidly joined to the joint 30 between the beam member 14 and the inclined column 12 and which has less cross-sectional rigidity than the inclined column 12, and a foundation beam 50 that cantileveres from the pile head 42A of the pile 40A and whose lower end is pin-jointed to the vertical support column 20.

[0045] As shown in Figure 3, when a horizontal external force is applied to the entire building 1, the building 1 deforms, and an axial force is generated in the frame structure 10.

[0046] In this embodiment, compared to a structure in which the diagonal column is supported by a foundation beam, the diagonal column 12 is supported by a vertical support column 20, allowing the diagonal column 12 to be placed in the smallest possible space.

[0047] Furthermore, by rigidly connecting the vertical support column 20 to the joint 30 between the beam member 14 and the diagonal column 12, deformation of the frame formed by the diagonal column 12 and the beam member 14 out of the structural plane is suppressed.

[0048] Furthermore, since the vertical support column 20, which has less cross-sectional rigidity than the diagonal column 12, is pin-connected to the foundation beam 50 that can be projected from the pile head 42A of the pile 40A, the axial force and bending stress acting on the diagonal column 12 can be reduced.

[0049] Furthermore, by reducing the sectional rigidity of the vertical support column 20, the cross-section of the vertical support column 20 becomes smaller, improving the exterior design.

[0050] Furthermore, in the frame structure 10 of this embodiment, the pin joint consists of a horizontal plate protruding laterally from the side of the lower end of the vertical support column 20, and a bolt that connects the horizontal plate and the connecting plate to the foundation beam 50 by overlapping them.

[0051] According to this configuration, by pin-jointing the horizontal plate and the connecting plate at the side of the lower end of the vertical support 20, rather than directly below the vertical support 20, it is possible to reduce the likelihood of plate bending.

[0052] <Variation> Although one embodiment of the present disclosure has been described above, the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiment, and the embodiment and various modifications may be used in appropriate combinations, and of course, it can be implemented in various ways without departing from the gist of the present disclosure.

[0053] For example, the following variations can be taken.

[0054] (First variation) The frame structure of the first modified example will now be described. The frame structure of the first modified example has the same basic configuration as the embodiment described above, but the configuration of the pin joints differs from that of the embodiment described above.

[0055] Note that reference numerals and descriptions may be omitted for components and functions common to the above embodiments.

[0056] In the end region AR shown in Figure 1, as shown in Figures 4(A) and (B), in the first modified example, the joint portion 160, which serves as a column base pin, is provided in the notch portion 156 of the foundation beam 150.

[0057] (Slavic) The slab 104 includes through holes 105 and sealing material 106.

[0058] The through-hole 105 is defined as a hole that penetrates the slab 104 in the direction of its thickness. The through-hole 105 is positioned corresponding to the vertical support column 120. The inner diameter of the through-hole 105 is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the vertical support column 120.

[0059] The sealing material 106 is a sealing member that fills the gap between the through hole 105 and the vertical support column 120. The sealing material 106 fills the gap between the through hole 105 and the vertical support column 120 when the lower end portion 124 of the vertical support column 120 passes through the through hole 105.

[0060] (foundation beam) The foundation beam 150 has a shape in which the upper flange 151 and web 154 are partially cut out compared to the foundation beam of the above embodiment, with the rest of the web and the lower flange positioned below the vertical support column. In other words, the foundation beam 150 has a cutout portion 156 compared to the foundation beam of the above embodiment.

[0061] The notch 156 is a portion of the foundation beam 150 that has been cut out from the lower end 124 side of the vertical support column 120. The notch 156 is located above the lower flange 152.

[0062] Furthermore, a support portion 158 is formed at the lower end of the notch 156. The support portion 158 is a plate that faces the lower flange 152 in a position that intersects with the web 154. A part of the web 154 located between the support portion 158 and the lower flange 152 is made into a small piece portion 154A. A reinforcing portion 154B and a horizontal plate portion 154C are formed on the small piece portion 154A, which are positioned between the lower flange 152 and the support portion 158.

[0063] The reinforcing portion 154B is formed on both sides of the small piece 154A so as to sandwich it in the depth direction. The reinforcing portion 154B is positioned on the centerline of the vertical support column 120 when no external force is applied to the building 1, and transmits the load generated on the support portion 158 to the lower flange 152.

[0064] The horizontal plate portion 154C is a pair of plates positioned along the width direction, facing the small piece portion 154A, and sandwiching the small piece portion 154A in the depth direction. The upper surface of the horizontal plate portion 154C is joined to the lower surface of the support portion 158, and the lower surface of the horizontal plate portion 154C is joined to the upper surface of the lower flange 152. The horizontal plate portion 154C transmits the load generated on the support portion 158 to the lower flange 152.

[0065] (joint part) The first modified structural configuration includes a joint 160, which is configured to pin-connect vertical support columns 120 to foundation beams 150. The joint 160 is provided on the foundation beams 150 and consists of a beam flange 170, a support column flange 180, and a support pin 190.

[0066] ((Beam flange)) The beam flange 170 is a flange provided at the lower end of the notch 156 in the foundation beam 150. Specifically, the beam flange 170 is fixed to the upper surface of the support portion 158 in the notch 156. In other words, the beam flange 170 is fixed to the foundation beam 150 via the support portion 158. The beam flange 170 is superimposed on the support flange 180, which will be described later. The beam flange 170 comprises a first plate portion 172 and a second plate portion 174.

[0067] The first plate portion 172 constitutes the lower part of the beam flange 170 and is a rectangular plate along the support portion 158. The first plate portion 172 supports the weight of the joint portion 160.

[0068] The second plate portion 174 is a pair of plates that stand upright from the first plate portion 172 and are spaced apart from each other in the depth direction. The second plate portion 174 sandwiches the fourth plate portion 184, which will be described later, in the depth direction. In a front view, the second plate portion 174 has a shape in which a semicircular upper part and a rectangular lower part are integrally connected. Through holes 176 are formed in the connection portion between the upper and lower parts of the second plate portion 174. The through holes 176 are holes that penetrate each of the second plate portions 174 in the thickness direction (depth direction). Each through hole 176 is concentric.

[0069] ((post flange)) The column flange 180 constitutes the upper part of the joint 160, protruding from the lower end 124 of the vertical column 120, and is rotatably supported relative to the beam flange 170. When an external force including a horizontal component is applied to the vertical column 120, the column flange 180 rotates relative to the beam flange 170. In other words, the column flange 180 is rotatable relative to the beam flange 170 while supporting the lower end 124 of the vertical column 120. The column flange 180 comprises a third plate portion 182 and a fourth plate portion 184.

[0070] The third plate portion 182 is a rectangular plate attached to the bottom surface of the lower end portion 124 of the vertical support column 120 and positioned above the second plate portion 174 of the beam flange 170. Furthermore, when no external force is applied to the vertical support column 120, the third plate portion 182 faces the first plate portion 172 of the beam flange 170. The outer edge of the third plate portion 182 is located outside the outer edge of the vertical support column 120.

[0071] The fourth plate section 184 is positioned in the center of the third plate section 182 and is a plate that protrudes downward from the third plate section 182. In a front view, the fourth plate section 184 has a shape in which a rectangular upper part and a semicircular lower part are integrally connected. The fourth plate section 184 is positioned sandwiched between the second plate sections 174. A through hole 186 is formed in the connection portion between the upper and lower parts of the fourth plate section 184. The through hole 186 is a hole that penetrates the fourth plate section 184 in the thickness direction (depth direction). The thickness of the fourth plate section 184 is set to be thicker than the thickness of one of the second plate sections 174. The through holes 186 and 176 are set concentrically.

[0072] ((support pin)) The support pin 190 is a rod-shaped member that extends in the depth direction, that is, in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the foundation beam 150 (depth direction), and can be inserted through the through holes 176 and 186. With the support pin 190 inserted through the through holes 176 and 186, the support pin 190 rotatably supports the column flange 180 relative to the beam flange 170. In other words, the support pin 190 is provided to penetrate the column flange 180 and the beam flange 170 and rotatably support the column flange 180. The outer diameter of the support pin 190 is set to be equal to or smaller than the inner diameter of the through holes 176 and 186, respectively. A reinforcing part 154B is positioned below the support pin 190.

[0073] (Effects of the first modification) The frame structure according to the first modified example comprises a pin joint consisting of a column flange 180 protruding from the lower end 124 of the vertical support column 120, a beam flange 170 provided on the foundation beam 150 and overlapping with the column flange 180, and a support pin 190 provided through the column flange 180 and the beam flange 170 to rotatably support the column flange 180.

[0074] In this configuration, by using a pin joint, the degree of fixation of the vertical support column 120 is reduced, the axial force acting on the vertical support column 120 is suppressed, and bending stress can be reduced.

[0075] In the first modified example, the reinforcing portion 154B and the horizontal plate portion 154C are formed on the small piece portion 154A, but the invention is not limited to this. For example, the small piece portion 154A may be in a state where the reinforcing portion 154B and the horizontal plate portion 154C are not formed.

[0076] (Other variations) In the above embodiment, a pin connection using pins at the ends of the main beam was described as an example, and in the first modified example, a pin connection using pins at the base of the column was described as an example; however, the pin connections of this disclosure are not limited to these. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, a support member was sandwiched between the slab 4 and the foundation beam 50 in the vertical direction, but a configuration without a support member is also possible. Also, in the first modified example, as shown in Figure 4, the slab 104 and the foundation beam 150 are in direct contact in the vertical direction, but other configurations, such as a configuration in which a support member is sandwiched between the slab 104 and the foundation beam 150, are also possible.

[0077] In the above embodiment, eight bolts are used for the pin joint, corresponding to eight bolt holes, but this is not limited to this configuration. For example, there may be one or more but fewer than eight, or nine or more. [Explanation of symbols]

[0078] 1. Building 2 pillars 2A Outer pillar 3 beams 4 Slabs 10 Frame structure 12. Slanted Column 14 Beam material 20 Vertical support columns 22 Upper end 30 Joint section 40, 40A piles 42 Pile head 42, 42A pile head 50 Foundation beam 104 Slab 105 Through hole 106 Sealant 120 Vertical support column 124 Lower end 150 Foundation beam 152 Lower flange 154 Web 154A Small piece part 154B Reinforcement part 154C Horizontal plate part 156 Notch 158 Support part 160 Joint 170 Beam flange 172 1st plate part 174 2nd plate part 176 Through hole 180 Post flange 182 Third plate part 184 4th plate part 186 Through hole 190 Support pins

Claims

1. The diagonal columns that protrude downwards from the top of the building, The beam member stretched across the aforementioned diagonal column, The upper end of the vertical support column is rigidly joined to the joint between the beam and the diagonal column, and the vertical support column has less cross-sectional rigidity than the diagonal column, A foundation beam that cantilevers from the pile head and has the lower end of the vertical support column pinned to it, A structural frame having the following characteristics.

2. The aforementioned pin joint is The frame structure according to claim 1, comprising a horizontal plate protruding laterally from the side surface of the lower end of the vertical support column, and bolts for joining the horizontal plate and the foundation beam by overlapping a connecting plate.

3. The aforementioned pin joint is The frame structure according to claim 1, comprising: a support flange protruding from the lower end of the vertical support column; a beam flange provided on the foundation beam and superimposed on the support flange; and a support pin provided through the support flange and the beam flange to rotatably support the support flange.

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