Opening guard device

Abstract

The purpose is to allow for easy transport when installing the device to surround the opening of a manhole. [Solution] The opening guard device 1 of the present invention is an opening guard device 1 composed of a plurality of frames, and is capable of transitioning between a first state in which the plurality of frames form a three-dimensional shape and a second state in which the plurality of frames are folded so that they overlap. Because it is not bulky when in the second state, it is easy to transport to the installation site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an opening guard device.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, when performing various operations in a manhole, a manhole protection fence is known that is installed so as to surround the periphery of the opening of the manhole for the purpose of preventing pedestrians and the like from falling into the manhole. Patent Document 1 discloses a manhole protection fence having four uprightable columns, two beam members, and an outer frame.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] [[ID=Z34]] The manhole protection fence of Patent Document 1 has a problem in that it is laborious to carry each member into the field because it is configured to be assembled with a plurality of members including a frame material surrounding the manhole, four columns, and two beam members. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to be easily carried in when installed so as to surround the periphery of the opening of the manhole.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] The present invention is an opening guard device composed of a plurality of frames, characterized in that it can transition between a first state in which a three - dimensional shape is formed by the plurality of frames and a second state in which the plurality of frames are folded so as to overlap each other.

Effects of the Invention

[0006] According to the present invention, when it is desired to install the device to surround the opening of a manhole, it can be easily transported to the work area. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] This figure shows an example of the configuration of the opening guard device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] These are a front view and a rear view showing an example of the configuration of an opening guard device. [Figure 3] This is a right side view showing an example of the configuration of an opening guard device. [Figure 4] These are a plan view and a bottom view showing an example of the configuration of an opening guard device. [Figure 5] This figure shows an example of how the horizontal member of the opening guard device is held in place. [Figure 6] This figure shows an example where the horizontal member of the opening guard device has been released from its hold. [Figure 7] This figure shows an example of how to use the opening guard device. [Figure 8] This figure shows an example of the configuration of connecting members and hinges. [Figure 9] This figure shows an example of the hinge configuration in the assembled and folded states of the opening guard device. [Figure 10] This figure shows an example of the configuration when the opening guard device is folded. [Figure 11] These are a plan view and a front view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device in its folded state. [Figure 12] This figure shows an example of how the folded opening guard devices can be stacked. [Figure 13] This is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device according to the second and third embodiments. [Figure 14] This diagram shows the configuration of the horizontal member in the fourth embodiment. [Figure 15] These are a plan view and a front view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device according to the second embodiment. [Figure 16]It is a plan view and a right side view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device of the second embodiment in a folded state. [Figure 17] It is a plan view and a front view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device of the fifth embodiment. [Figure 18] It is a plan view and a front view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device of the fifth embodiment in a folded state. [Figure 19] It is a plan view and a front view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device of the sixth embodiment. [Figure 20] It is a plan view and a right side view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device of the sixth embodiment in a folded state. [Figure 21] It is a plan view and a front view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device of the seventh embodiment. [Figure 22] It is a plan view and a front view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device of the seventh embodiment in a folded state.

Embodiments for Carrying out the Invention

[0008] Hereinafter, the opening guard device according to the embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. <First Embodiment> The opening guard device 1 of the present embodiment can prevent an operator or a pedestrian from accidentally falling from the opening of the manhole by being installed so as to surround the periphery of the opening of the manhole. When the opening guard device 1 of the present invention is in a three-dimensional assembled state by a plurality of frames, it is defined as the first state, and when the plurality of frames are folded so as to overlap each other, it is defined as the second state. The opening guard device 1 can transition from the first state to the second state and also from the second state to the first state.

[0009] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device 1 according to the first embodiment. The opening guard device 1 includes a plurality of horizontal frames 2, a plurality of vertical frames 3, and a horizontal cross member 40. The opening guard device 1 in FIG. 1 is in a first state of a cubic shape. In FIG. 1, for the sake of easy explanation, the arrow Fr is shown as the front side, the arrow Rr as the rear side, the arrow R as the right side, and the arrow L as the left side.

[0010] The plurality of horizontal frames 2 are frames extending in the horizontal direction with respect to the installation surface, and include an upper end horizontal frame 4 that forms a quadrilateral frame above the plurality of vertical frames 3, a central horizontal frame 5 that is located at a substantially central portion of the plurality of vertical frames 3 and forms a three-sided frame other than the side where the horizontal cross member 40 is located, and a lower end horizontal frame 6 that forms a quadrilateral frame below the plurality of vertical frames 3. The upper end horizontal frame 4 is composed of an upper end front side horizontal frame portion 12, an upper end left side horizontal frame portion 13, an upper end rear side horizontal frame portion 14, and an upper end right side horizontal frame portion 15. The central horizontal frame 5 is composed of a central left side horizontal frame portion 21, a central rear side horizontal frame portion 22, and a central right side horizontal frame portion 23. The lower end horizontal frame 6 is composed of a lower end front side horizontal frame portion 51, a lower end left side horizontal frame portion 52, a lower end rear side horizontal frame portion 53, and a lower end right side horizontal frame portion 54. Each horizontal frame portion is, for example, a square hollow pipe made of an aluminum alloy. The upper end horizontal frame 4 is colored in a color that enhances visibility, for example, red, in order to enhance visibility. The opening guard device 1 is installed by grounding the lower end horizontal frame 6 to the installation surface around the opening of the manhole.

[0011] The opposing pair of upper front lateral frame sections 12 and upper rear lateral frame section 14, the central rear lateral frame section 22, and the opposing pair of lower front lateral frame sections 51 and lower rear lateral frame section 53 are each composed of a lateral split frame section on one side and a lateral split frame section on the other side, with the intermediate section as the boundary. A hinge 100 is attached to the intermediate section, and the lateral split frame section on one side and the lateral split frame section on the other side are connected via the hinge 100. By rotating the lateral split frame section on the hinge 100 as an axis and folding it inward, the opening guard device 1 can be transitioned from a first state to a second state.

[0012] A pair of opposing upper front lateral frame sections 12 and upper rear lateral frame sections 14, and a pair of opposing lower front lateral frame sections 51 and lower rear lateral frame sections 53, each have a connecting hole 80a near the upper boundary of one lateral division frame section and a connecting member 70 near the upper boundary of the other lateral division frame section. The connecting member 70 can be inserted into the connecting hole 80a, and by inserting the connecting member 70 into the connecting hole 80a, the opening guard device 1 can be held in a first state. A connecting hole 80b is also formed on the upper surface of the other lateral division frame section that has the connecting member 70. A pair of upper left horizontal frame sections 13 and upper right horizontal frame sections 15, which face each other in a different direction from the aforementioned pair of opposing horizontal frame sections, and the upper surfaces of the lower left horizontal frame section 52 and lower right horizontal frame section 54 have connecting holes 80c formed in them. When the opening guard device 1 transitions from the first state to the second state, the connecting member 70 is inserted into the connecting holes 80c, thereby holding the opening guard device 1 in the second state.

[0013] The multiple vertical frames 3 are frames that extend vertically with respect to the installation surface, and consist of right front vertical frame sections 61 and 62, left front vertical frame sections 63 and 64, left rear vertical frame sections 65 and 66, and right rear vertical frame sections 67 and 68. Each vertical frame section comes in pairs, and one hinge 100 is attached to the upper and lower parts of the pair of vertical frame sections. The vertical frame sections are connected to each other via the hinges 100. Each vertical frame section is, for example, a square, hollow pipe made of aluminum alloy. The multiple vertical frames 3 act like supports when the opening guard device 1 is in the first state. Each horizontal frame section and each vertical frame section are connected and fixed together using screws, rivets, etc., via connecting members attached to the inside of the frame.

[0014] The lower horizontal frame 6, the right front vertical frame section 61, the left front vertical frame section 64, the left rear vertical frame section 65, and the right rear vertical frame section 68 each have a rectangular contact member 110. The contact members 110 are provided as follows: the lower horizontal frame 6 has a total of 16 contact members on the contact surface; the right front vertical frame section 61 has a total of 2 contact members, one each on the upper and lower right side; the left front vertical frame section 64 has a total of 2 contact members, one each on the upper and lower left side; the left rear vertical frame section 65 has a total of 2 contact members, one each on the upper and lower left side; and the right rear vertical frame section 68 has a total of 2 contact members, one each on the upper and lower right side. The contact members 110 are made of, for example, rubber or resin, and the contact members 110 attached to the lower horizontal frame 6 serve as an anti-slip surface against the installation surface. Furthermore, the contact members 110 attached to the right front vertical frame section 61, the left front vertical frame section 64, the left rear vertical frame section 65, and the right rear vertical frame section 68 can prevent contact between frame surfaces when the opening guard device 1, described later, is stacked in the second state, by the contact members 110 coming into contact with each other or coming into contact with the frame surfaces. Therefore, they play a role in making it difficult to scratch the main body of the opening guard device 1.

[0015] The horizontal member 40 is positioned above the lower front horizontal frame portion 51 and below the upper front horizontal frame portion 12, and is installed approximately horizontally at a position above the vertical center of the adjacent right front vertical frame portion 62 and left front vertical frame portion 63. When the horizontal member 40 is installed approximately horizontally and the state in which people or objects cannot enter or exit is defined as the closed state, and when the closed state is released and an opening S is formed in which people or objects can enter or exit is defined as the open state, the horizontal member 40 can transition from the closed state to the open state. When installing the opening guard device 1 so as to surround the opening of the manhole, the horizontal member 40 is kept closed to partially block the opening S except when workers are entering or exiting, and the horizontal member 40 is opened to open the opening S when workers are entering or exiting. Workers enter the opening guard device 1 through the opened opening S and enter the manhole through the opening of the manhole.

[0016] The horizontal member 40 is divided in the middle and consists of a first divided body 124a having an elongated hole 123, a second divided body 124b not having an elongated hole, and a sliding member 120. The first segment 124a and the second segment 124b are made of, for example, resin and are formed in a cylindrical shape with a substantially rectangular cross-section. The first segment 124a is connected to the left front vertical frame section 63 via a pivot pin 126a attached to a connecting fitting 125a, and the second segment 124b is connected to the right front vertical frame section 62 via a pivot pin 126b attached to a connecting fitting 125b.

[0017] Figure 2 shows a front view and a rear view illustrating an example of the configuration of the opening guard device 1. Figure 2(a) is a front view of the opening guard device 1 in its first state, and Figure 2(b) is a rear view of the opening guard device 1 in its first state. As shown in Figure 2(a), the horizontal member 40 is installed above the center when viewed in the vertical direction. Therefore, when the opening guard device 1 is viewed from the front, the horizontal member 40 and the central rear horizontal frame section 22 do not overlap, and the central rear horizontal frame section 22 is visible below the horizontal member 40. The vertical length from the upper front horizontal frame section 12 to the horizontal member 40 is shorter than the vertical length from the lower front horizontal frame section 51 to the horizontal member 40. Hinges 100 are attached to the intermediate parts of the upper front horizontal frame section 12 and the lower front horizontal frame section 51, and the two hinges 100 are positioned on the vertical axis. As shown in Figure 2(b), the vertical length from the upper rear horizontal frame section 14 to the central rear horizontal frame section 22 is approximately the same as the vertical length from the lower rear horizontal frame section 53 to the central rear horizontal frame section 22. When the opening guard device 1 is viewed from the rear, the horizontal member 40 is visible above the central rear horizontal frame section 22. Hinges 100 are attached to the intermediate parts of the upper rear horizontal frame section 14, the central rear horizontal frame section 22, and the lower rear horizontal frame section 53, and the three hinges 100 are arranged on the vertical axis.

[0018] Figure 3 is a right side view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device 1. As shown in Figure 3, the vertical length from the upper right horizontal frame section 15 to the central right horizontal frame section 23 and the vertical length from the lower right horizontal frame section 54 to the central right horizontal frame section 23 are approximately the same. The right front vertical frame section 61 and the right rear vertical frame section 68 are fitted with one contact member 110 each at the top and bottom in the longitudinal direction. The left side view is symmetrical to the right side view.

[0019] Figure 4 shows a plan view and a bottom view illustrating an example of the configuration of the opening guard device 1. As shown in Figure 4(a), the connecting member 70 and hinge 100 attached to the intermediate portion of the upper front side horizontal frame portion 12 and the upper rear side horizontal frame portion 14 are positioned symmetrically. Connecting holes 80a and 80b are formed on the upper surfaces of the upper front side horizontal frame portion 12 and the upper rear side horizontal frame portion 14, and connecting hole 80c is formed on the upper surfaces of the upper left side horizontal frame portion 13 and the upper right side horizontal frame portion 15. When the opening guard device 1 is in the first state, the connecting member 70 is inserted into the connecting hole 80a. As shown in Figure 4(b), a total of 16 contact members 110 are attached to the lower surface of the lower end horizontal frame 6. They are attached to the same locations on each horizontal frame section, with one at one end in the longitudinal direction of each horizontal frame section, one at the other end, and two in the middle section. Hinges 100 are attached to the outer wall sides of the lower end front horizontal frame section 51 and the lower end rear horizontal frame section 53, and the hinges 100 are positioned between the two contact members 110 in the middle section. When the opening guard device 1 is installed, the contact member 110 attached to the lower horizontal frame 6 acts as an anti-slip surface against the installation surface, preventing the opening guard device 1 from unintentionally sliding away from the installation surface.

[0020] Figure 5 shows an example of how the horizontal member 40 of the opening guard device 1 is held. Figure 5(a) shows the closed state in which the horizontal member 40 is held, and Figure 5(b) is a cross-sectional view thereof. The sliding member 120 is slidably mounted along the longitudinal direction of the first segment 124a and the second segment 124b, and includes an operating member 121 and an engaging member 127. When the sliding member 120 is held in a closed state, it is positioned across the first segment 124a and the second segment 124b, and when the holding is released in an open state, it is positioned only on the first segment 124a.

[0021] The operating member 121 is made of resin colored in a different color from, for example, the first segment 124a and the second segment 124b, and is formed in a cylindrical shape with a substantially rectangular cross-section. The operating member 121 has a larger cross-sectional shape than the first segment 124a and the second segment 124b in order to allow it to slide smoothly along its longitudinal direction. Multiple vertical protrusions are arranged horizontally on the front of the operating member 121, and these protrusions are intended to improve the grip of the fingers when the operator slides the operating member 121.

[0022] The engaging member 127 is made of resin colored in a different color from, for example, the first segment 124a, the second segment 124b, and the operating member 121, and is formed in a substantially rectangular cross-section. The engaging member 127 is formed with a cross-sectional shape smaller than that of the first segment 124a and the second segment 124b in order to allow it to slide smoothly along the longitudinal direction within the hollow space of the first segment 124a and the second segment 124b. Inclined portions 130b are formed on the upper and lower ends 130a of the engaging member 127. The inclined portions 130b serve as guides when the engaging member 127 enters the second divided body 124b, and as guides when the engaging member 127 is inserted into the second divided body 124b and the second divided body 124b is assembled. In addition, grooves 130c are formed on the engaging member 127 along the horizontal direction, extending from both ends 130a towards the center. Furthermore, a locking projection 128a is formed on the upper surface of the engaging member 127 on the second divided body 124b side, and a locking projection 128b is formed on the lower surface on the second divided body 124b side. When the engaging member 127 is in the position where it has entered the second segment 124b, the locking projection 128a engages with the locking hole 129a formed on the upper surface of the second segment 124b, and the locking projection 128b engages with the locking hole 129b formed on the lower surface of the second segment 124b, thereby preventing the engaging member 127 from unintentionally sliding in the direction of the first segment 124a.

[0023] The operating member 121 and the engaging member 127 are connected by a screw 122 tightened from the front surface of the operating member 121. Therefore, the operating member 121 and the engaging member 127 always slide in conjunction with each other. On the front surface of the first segmented body 124a, an elongated hole 123 is formed along the sliding direction to prevent interference with the screw 122 when the sliding member 120 slides. The movement of the sliding member 120 in the sliding direction is restricted when the screw 122 abuts against both ends of the elongated hole 123.

[0024] Figure 5 shows the operating member 121 being slid until the screw 122 of the operating member 121 contacts the right end of the elongated hole 123. The operating member 121 is positioned between the first segment 124a and the second segment 124b, spanning across the periphery of both the first segment 124a and the second segment 124b. Similarly, the engaging member 127 is positioned between the first segment 124a and the second segment 124b, spanning across the interior of both the first segment 124a and the second segment 124b. By bridging the operating member 121 and the engaging member 127 across the first segment 124a and the second segment 124b in this way, a closed state can be maintained, partially closing the opening S. At this time, since the second segment 124b and the engaging member 127 are different in color, the worker can confirm whether the locking projections 128a and 128b are locked through the locking holes 129a and 129b. Furthermore, a left end hole 132a is formed at the left end of the first segment 124a, and a right end hole 132b is formed at the right end of the second segment 124b.

[0025] Figure 6 shows an example in which the horizontal member 40 of the opening guard device 1 is released from its hold. Figure 6(a) shows the horizontal member 40 transitioning from the closed state to the open state, and Figure 6(b) is a cross-sectional view thereof. When the operator slides the operating member 121 in the direction of the first divided body 124a, the locking projection 128a of the engaging member 127 and the locking hole 129a, and the locking projection 128b and the locking hole 129b are released, and the engaging member 127 also slides in conjunction toward the first divided body 124a. When the screw 122 of the operating member 121 contacts the left end 131 of the elongated hole 123, the engaging member 127 is accommodated only in the first divided body 124a, and the closed state of the horizontal member 40 is released. When the engaging member 127 is housed in the first segment 124a, the locking projection 128b engages with the locking hole 129c formed on the lower surface of the first segment 124a, preventing the engaging member 127 from unintentionally protruding from the first segment 124a. In this state, the horizontal member 40 opens as the first segment 124a, the sliding member 120, and the second segment 124b rotate in the direction in which they are each pivotally supported.

[0026] Figure 7 shows an example of the use of the opening guard device 1. When using the opening guard device 1, the lower end horizontal frame 6 is grounded to the installation surface around the manhole opening 300 to install the opening guard device 1. When the opening guard device 1 is in the closed state, it partially blocks the opening S, so a person cannot enter the opening guard device 1. Therefore, when the opening guard device 1 is installed in the closed state to surround the manhole opening 300, it is possible to prevent passersby, workers, etc. from accidentally falling into the manhole opening 300. If a worker wants to enter the manhole through the opening 300, they open the opening guard device 1 as shown in Figure 7 to open the opening S, enter the opening guard device 1, and then enter the manhole.

[0027] The first segment 124a is pivotally supported by inserting the pivot pin 126a shown in Figure 1 through the left end hole 132a in Figure 5, and the second segment is pivotally supported by inserting the pivot pin 126b shown in Figure 1 through the right end hole 132b in Figure 5. When transitioning the horizontal member 40 from a closed state to an open state, the sliding member 120 is slid in the direction of the first segment 124a as described above, thereby releasing the closed state of the horizontal member 40, and the first segment 124a and the sliding member 120 rotate toward the connecting fitting 125a side, and the second segment 124b rotates toward the connecting fitting 125b side. The first segment 124a and the sliding member 120 are then held parallel to the left front vertical frame 63, and the second segment 124b is held parallel to the right front vertical frame 62. At this time, the first segment 124a and the second segment 124b are not in contact with the lower front side horizontal frame portion 51. This state is the open state of the opening guard device 1, as shown in Figure 7.

[0028] Figure 8 shows an example of the configuration of the connecting member 70 and the hinge 100. Figure 8(a) shows the state in which the worker is gripping the connecting member 70 and a front view enlargement of the hinge. Figure 8(b) shows the state in which the worker has released the grip on the connecting member 70 and a front view enlargement of the hinge.

[0029] The opening guard device 1 has connecting members 70 in the middle of the upper surfaces of the upper front side horizontal frame portion 12, the upper rear side horizontal frame portion 14, the lower front side horizontal frame portion 51, and the lower rear side horizontal frame portion 53. The connecting members 70 are members that play a role in maintaining the opening guard device 1 in a first state. As shown in Figure 8(a), the connecting member 70 is bar-shaped and bent into a U-shape. The connecting member 70 consists of a base shaft 71a, a gripping portion 71b, a connecting shaft 71c, and a spring member 71d. The base shaft 71a is an axis running vertically from one end of the gripping portion 71b and is biased by the spring member 71d in the direction of being housed within each horizontal frame portion. The gripping portion 71b is an axis running horizontally and is gripped by the worker when pulling up the connecting member 70. The connecting shaft 71c is an axis running vertically from the other end of the gripping portion 71b.

[0030] The horizontal frame section having the connecting member 70 is a horizontal split frame section divided into two in the middle, with a hinge 100 attached to the boundary portion, connecting the horizontal split frame sections. A connecting hole 80a into which a connecting shaft 71c can be inserted is formed on the upper surface of one of the horizontal split frame sections, and a base shaft 71a biased by a spring member 71d is attached to the upper surface of the other horizontal split frame section. The other horizontal split frame section also has a connecting hole 80b into which the connecting member 70 can be inserted from above by rotating it around the base shaft 71a as its central axis. To maintain the opening guard device 1 in the first state, the connecting shaft 71c of the connecting member 70 attached to the upper surface of the other horizontal split frame portion is inserted from above into the connecting hole 80a formed on the upper surface of one horizontal split frame portion and fixed in place. To transition the opening guard device 1, which is held in the first state, to the second state, the operator grasps the gripping part 71b and pulls it up, rotates the base shaft 71a 180 degrees around the central axis, and inserts the connecting shaft 71c into the connecting hole 80b from above and fixes it in place. As a result, the holding of the opening guard device 1 in the first state is released, and it becomes possible to transition to the second state. At this time, even if the connecting shaft 71c is not inserted into the connecting hole 80b, the holding of the first state is released when the connecting shaft 71c is pulled up from the connecting hole 80a.

[0031] The hinge 100 has a pin 101 and four wing sections 102-105. With the pin 101 as the vertical central axis, the four wing sections 102-105 are arranged alternately from the upper right to the left. The hinge 100 can be attached to the boundary of the horizontally divided frame section or to the vertical frame section. Specifically, the horizontal frame section is attached to the intermediate parts of the upper front horizontal frame section 12, the upper rear horizontal frame section 14, the central rear horizontal frame section 22, the lower front horizontal frame section 51, and the lower rear horizontal frame section 53. The vertical frame section is attached to the upper and lower parts between the right front vertical frame sections 61-62, the left front vertical frame sections 63-64, the left rear vertical frame sections 65-66, and the right rear vertical frame sections 67-68. The hinge 100 attached to the upper part between the vertical frame sections is positioned below the upper horizontal frame 4, and the hinge 100 attached to the lower part between the vertical frame sections is positioned above the lower horizontal frame 6. The hinge 100 has one side of the wing 102 and 104 connected to one side of the frame, and the other side of the wing 103 and 105 connected to the other side of the frame, with the pin 101 as the central point. The hinge 100 is attached to the frame by being fixed with screws, rivets, or the like. When transitioning the opening guard device 1 from the first state to the second state, after releasing the connecting member 70, the horizontal frame section is folded while rotating each hinge 100 inward.

[0032] Figure 9 shows an example of the configuration of the hinge 100 in the first and second states of the opening guard device 1. Figure 9(a-1) is a plan view enlarged of the hinge 100 attached to the horizontal frame in the first state, Figure 9(a-2) is a front view enlarged of the hinge 100 attached to the horizontal frame in the first state, Figure 9(b-1) is a plan view enlarged of the hinge 100 attached to the horizontal frame in the second state, Figure 9(b-2) is a front view enlarged of the hinge 100 attached to the horizontal frame in the second state, and Figure 9(b-3) is a cross-sectional view taken along line II of Figure 9(b-2). When the hinge 100, which has transitioned to the second state, is cut along line II and viewed from the direction of the arrow, as shown in Figure 9(b-3), the wing portions 102 and 104 on one side and the wing portions 103 and 105 on the other side are positioned vertically without overlapping, and the transition is in the shape of a single, elongated rectangle.

[0033] Figure 10 shows an example of the configuration when the opening guard device 1 is in the second state. The opening guard device 1 can be transitioned from the first state to the second state by performing a predetermined operation. The aforementioned prescribed work will now be explained. First, the sliding member 120 of the horizontal member 40 is slid horizontally along the elongated hole 123 toward the first segment 124a. When the screw 122 contacts the left end 131 of the elongated hole 123, the closed state of the horizontal member 40 is released, and the first segment 124a and the sliding member 120 rotate toward the connecting fitting 125a toward the contacting connecting fitting 125b, and the second segment 124b rotates toward the connecting fitting 125b toward the contacting connecting fitting. The first segment 124a and the sliding member 120 are then held parallel to the left front vertical frame 63, and the second segment 124b is held parallel to the right front vertical frame 62. Next, the gripping portions 71b of all connecting members 70 are pulled up to release the connecting shafts 71c that were inserted into the connecting holes 80a. At this point, the released connecting shafts 71c may be inserted into the connecting holes 80b, or they may be left outside. Next, the hinge 100 is rotated inward to fold the multiple horizontal frames so that they overlap. In this folded state, the front surfaces of one horizontal division frame section and the other horizontal division frame section of the upper front horizontal frame section 12, upper rear horizontal frame section 14, central rear horizontal frame section 22, lower front horizontal frame section 51, and lower rear horizontal frame section 53 overlap and come into contact with each other. Furthermore, the back surface of one horizontal division frame section of the upper front horizontal frame section 12 and the back surface of the other horizontal division frame section of the upper rear horizontal frame section 14 come into contact with the back surface of the upper left horizontal frame section 13, and the back surface of the other horizontal division frame section of the upper front horizontal frame section 12 and the back surface of one horizontal division frame section of the upper rear horizontal frame section 14 come into contact with the back surface of the upper right horizontal frame section 15. Furthermore, the back surface of the other horizontally divided frame section of the central rear horizontal frame section 22 is in contact with the back surface of the central left horizontal frame section 21, and the back surface of one horizontally divided frame section of the central rear horizontal frame section 22 is in contact with the back surface of the central right horizontal frame section 23. In addition, the back surface of one horizontally divided frame section of the lower front horizontal frame section 51 and the back surface of the other horizontally divided frame section of the lower rear horizontal frame section 53 are in contact with the back surface of the lower left horizontal frame section 52, and the back surface of the other horizontally divided frame section of the lower front horizontal frame section 51 and the back surface of one horizontally divided frame section of the lower rear horizontal frame section 53 are in contact with the back surface of the lower right horizontal frame section 54. Finally, by inserting the connecting shafts 71c of each connecting member 70 into the connecting holes 80c, the second state is maintained as shown in Figure 10. Conversely, if the opening guard device 1 is in the second state and you want to transition it to the first state, you can simply follow the reverse procedure.

[0034] Transitioning the opening guard device 1 to the second state has the advantage of being less bulky and easily transported to the workplace. When a worker carries an opening guard device that cannot be folded, they can only carry one at a time using both hands, but a folded opening guard device 1 can be carried with one hand, and multiple devices can also be carried. When a worker uses a trolley or the like to transport the device, it is easier to carry multiple devices in the second state. In addition, when using the opening guard device 1 in the workplace, the operation of transitioning from the second state to the first state is simple, thus reducing the burden on the worker.

[0035] Figure 11 shows a plan view and a front view of an example configuration of the opening guard device 1 in the second state. Figure 11(a) is a plan view of the second state, and Figure 11(b) is a front view of the second state. Figure 12 shows an example of stacking the opening guard devices 1 in the second state. By putting the opening guard devices 1 into the second state, they can be stacked and stored as shown in Figure 12, or easily transported to the workshop. When stacked as shown in Figure 12, the contact members 110 attached to the sides of the opening guard devices 1 come into contact with each other, thus avoiding contact between the frame surfaces and reducing the risk of damage to the frame surfaces. Even if the contact members 110 cannot come into contact with each other, the contact members 110 will still come into contact with the frame surfaces, thus reducing the risk of damage to the frame surfaces.

[0036] <Second Embodiment> Next, a second embodiment will be described. The opening guard device 400 of this embodiment is a modified version of the opening guard device 1 of the first embodiment, with a rectangular parallelepiped shape. Components similar to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions are omitted as appropriate.

[0037] Figure 13(a) is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device 400 of the second embodiment, Figure 15(a) is a plan view, and Figure 15(b) is a front view. Figure 16(a) is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device 400 of the second embodiment in a folded state, and Figure 16(b) is a right side view. Manholes come in various shapes, including circular, elliptical, and rectangular. In the first embodiment, the opening guard device 1, whose ground contact area is approximately square, may not be able to completely enclose the opening of a rectangular manhole depending on its longitudinal length. The second embodiment's opening guard device 400 can accommodate cases where the manhole opening is rectangular. The opening guard device 400 in Figure 13(a) is a rectangular parallelepiped shape formed by extending the upper left horizontal frame portion 13, the upper right horizontal frame portion 15, the central left horizontal frame portion 21, the central right horizontal frame portion 23, the lower left horizontal frame portion 52, and the lower right horizontal frame portion 54 of the opening guard device 1 of the first embodiment in the longitudinal direction. The frame portions extended in the longitudinal direction are the upper left horizontal frame portion 401, the upper right horizontal frame portion 402, the central left horizontal frame portion 403, the central right horizontal frame portion 404, the lower left horizontal frame portion 405, and the lower right horizontal frame portion 406. If we define the first state as the assembled rectangular parallelepiped shape using multiple frames as shown in Figure 13(a), and the second state as the folded state with multiple frames overlapping as shown in Figures 16(a) and 16(b), then the method for transitioning the opening guard device 400 from the first state to the second state is the same as that for the opening guard device 1. Furthermore, the advantages of being easily transported to the work site, as well as the advantages of stacking and storing the second state, and stacking and transporting the devices are also the same as those for the opening guard device 1.

[0038] <Third Embodiment> Next, a third embodiment will be described. The opening guard device 410 of this embodiment is a modified version of the opening guard device 1 of the first embodiment, with a rectangular parallelepiped shape. Components similar to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions are omitted as appropriate. Figure 13(b) is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device 410 of the third embodiment. The opening guard device 410 in Figure 13(b) is modified by changing the horizontal members 40 in Figure 13(a) to a central front horizontal frame section 411, which has the same configuration as the central rear horizontal frame section 22, and changing the central left horizontal frame section 403 to a horizontal member 412, which has the same configuration as the horizontal member 40. Since the horizontal member 412 is longer in the longitudinal direction than the horizontal member 40, the length of the opening S that is created when the horizontal member 412 is released is longer in the lateral direction than the length of the opening S that is created when the horizontal member 40 is released. Therefore, the opening guard device 410 makes it easier for an operator to enter the opening guard device 410 from the opening S. When the first state is defined as the assembled rectangular parallelepiped shape using multiple frames, and the second state is defined as the folded state in which the multiple frames overlap, the operation method of the connecting member 70 and hinge 100 when transitioning from the first state to the second state is the same as that of the opening guard device 1. However, when transitioning the opening guard device 410 to the second state, unlike the opening guard device 1 of the first embodiment and the opening guard device 400 of the second embodiment, it is possible to fold it without releasing the closed state of the horizontal member 412. Therefore, fewer operations are required when transitioning to the second state than with the opening guard devices 1 and 400. When transitioning to the second state, it is also possible to release the closed state of the horizontal member 412 and fold it. The advantages of being able to easily transport it to the workshop, and the advantages of stacking and storing it in the second state, or stacking and transporting it are the same as those of the opening guard device 1.

[0039] <Fourth Embodiment> Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. Figure 14 shows the configuration of the horizontal member 420 in the fourth embodiment. Note that the configuration other than the horizontal member 420 and the receiving member 430, which will be described later, is the same as in the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are used as appropriate, and their descriptions are omitted. The horizontal member 420 in this embodiment is configured to be extendable and retractable. The horizontal member 420 is made of, for example, resin, and is formed so that an extendable member 421b can be housed inside a cylindrical body 421a with a substantially rectangular cross-section. The horizontal member 420 is attached to the right front vertical frame portion 62 via a connecting fitting 125b. The connecting fitting 125b pivotally supports the horizontal member 420 so that it can rotate by a pivot pin 126b. The worker rotates the cylindrical body 421a, which is held parallel to and close to the right front vertical frame 62, extends the telescopic member 421b, and places the tip of the telescopic member 421b over the receiving member 430 fixed to the left front vertical frame 63, thereby closing a portion of the opening S. The horizontal member 420 is not limited to a telescopic configuration, but may also be foldable.

[0040] <Fifth Embodiment> Next, a fifth embodiment will be described. The opening guard device 500 of this embodiment is a modified version of the opening guard device 1 of the first embodiment, with a rhomboid three-dimensional shape. Components similar to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions are omitted as appropriate. Figure 17(a) is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device 500 according to the fifth embodiment, and Figure 17(b) is a front view. Figure 18(a) is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device 500 according to the fifth embodiment in a folded state, and Figure 18(b) is a front view.

[0041] The opening guard device 500 is constructed by extending the longitudinal direction of the multiple horizontal frames 2 of the opening guard device 1 of the first embodiment, and modifying it into multiple horizontal frames 501 that do not have horizontal frame sections divided at the middle, thereby creating a rhombus-shaped three-dimensional structure. In other words, the opening guard device 500 does not have hinges that are attached to the boundary sections of the horizontal divided frame sections of the opening guard device 1. Furthermore, the opening guard device 500 of this embodiment does not have connecting members or connecting holes into which connecting members are inserted. However, although this embodiment will be described as having no horizontal frame sections divided at the middle, and no hinges, connecting members, or connecting holes attached at the boundary positions of those horizontal frame sections, it may also have a configuration that includes these. In that case, the method of using the divided horizontal frame sections, hinges, connecting members, and connecting holes is the same as in the opening guard device 1.

[0042] The horizontal members are also modified in the same way as the multiple horizontal frames 501, by extending the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member 40 to create a horizontal member 540. The usage method and functionality of the horizontal member 540 are the same as those of the horizontal member 40. The two vertical frame sections that make up each vertical frame section of the opening guard device 1 are connected via a hinge 100, with their opposing surfaces in contact. The two vertical frame sections that make up each vertical frame section of the opening guard device 500 do not have contact surfaces, as shown in Figure 17(a). However, this does not necessarily mean that there are no contact surfaces; there may be cases where there are contact surfaces.

[0043] Since the horizontal member 540 has a longer longitudinal length than the horizontal member 40, the length of the opening S that is created when the horizontal member 540 is released is longer in the left-right direction than the length of the opening S that is created when the horizontal member 40 is released. Therefore, the opening guard device 500 makes it easier for an operator to enter the opening guard device 500 from the opening S.

[0044] If we define the first state as the assembled rhombic three-dimensional shape using multiple frames, and the second state as the folded state where the multiple frames overlap, the opening guard device 500 can transition from the first state to the second state. Unlike the opening guard device 1 of the first embodiment and the opening guard device 400 of the second embodiment, the opening guard device 500 can be folded as shown in Figure 18 without releasing the closed state of the horizontal member 540. Furthermore, since the opening guard device 500 does not have connecting members or connecting holes, it can be folded without operating any connecting members. To fold it, push the opposing corners of the opening guard device 500 (the upper corner and lower corner in the drawing) shown in Figure 17(a) inward to fold it. Conversely, to transition from the second state to the first state, pull the same parts outward. The opening guard device 500 can transition to a second state without operating the horizontal member 540 or connecting members, thus requiring fewer operations to transition to the second state compared to opening guard devices 1, 400, and 410. It is also possible to release the closed state of the horizontal member 540 and fold it when transitioning to the second state. The advantages of easy transport to the workplace, stacking and storing in the second state, and stacking and transporting are the same as those of opening guard device 1.

[0045] <Sixth Embodiment> Next, a sixth embodiment will be described. The opening guard device 600 of this embodiment is a modified version of the opening guard device 1 of the first embodiment, with a triangular three-dimensional shape. Components similar to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions are omitted as appropriate. Figure 19(a) is a plan view showing an example of the opening guard device 600 of the sixth embodiment, and Figure 19(b) is a front view. Figure 20(a) is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device 600 of the sixth embodiment in a folded state, and Figure 20(b) is a right side view. As shown in Figure 19(b), the configuration of the opening guard device 600 in the front view is the same as that of the opening guard device 1. Because the opening guard device 600 has a triangular three-dimensional shape, it does not have the rear lateral frame portion that the opening guard device 1 has. Therefore, it does not have hinges, connecting members, connecting holes, etc. that are attached to the rear lateral frame portion. As shown in Figure 19(a), the two vertical frame sections constituting each vertical frame section of the opening guard device 600 do not have contact surfaces with each other. However, this does not necessarily mean that there are no contact surfaces; there may be cases where there are contact surfaces.

[0046] If we define the first state as the assembled triangular three-dimensional shape using multiple frames, and the second state as the folded state where multiple frames overlap, the opening guard device 600 can transition from the first state to the second state. The operation method of the horizontal members 40 and connecting members 70 when transitioning the opening guard device 600 from the first state to the second state is the same as that of the opening guard device 1, however, as mentioned above, the opening guard device 600 does not have a rear horizontal frame section, so the operation of that section is omitted. Therefore, when transitioning the opening guard device 600 from the first state to the second state, fewer operations are required than for the opening guard devices 1 and 400, which require operation of the rear horizontal frame section. The advantages of being easily transportable to the workplace, and the advantages of stacking and storing in the second state, or stacking and transporting, are the same as those of the opening guard device 1.

[0047] <Seventh Embodiment> Next, a seventh embodiment will be described. The opening guard device 700 of this embodiment is a modified version of the opening guard device 1 of the first embodiment, with a hexagonal three-dimensional shape. Components similar to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions are omitted as appropriate. Figure 21(a) is a plan view showing an example of the opening guard device 700 of the seventh embodiment, and Figure 21(b) is a front view. Figure 22(a) is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of the opening guard device 700 of the seventh embodiment in a folded state, and Figure 22(b) is a front view. Although the explanation in Figure 22(b) uses the front as an example, the configuration is the same for the back.

[0048] The opening guard device 700 has a configuration without horizontal members, and instead of horizontal members, horizontal frame sections are arranged. When viewing the opening guard device 700 from the front-to-back direction or the left-to-right direction, the vertical length from the upper horizontal frame to the central horizontal frame is approximately the same, and the vertical length from the central horizontal frame to the lower horizontal frame is approximately the same. In addition, the length of each horizontal frame section is also approximately the same. Similar to the opening guard device 500, the opening guard device 700 does not have horizontal frame sections divided at the middle, nor hinges, connecting members, connecting holes, etc. that are attached at the boundary positions of these horizontal frame sections. However, although this embodiment describes a configuration without horizontal frame sections divided at the middle, nor hinges, connecting members, connecting holes, etc. that are attached at the boundary positions of these horizontal frame sections, a configuration with such features is also possible. In that case, the method of using the divided horizontal frame sections, hinges, connecting members, connecting holes, etc. is the same as that of the opening guard device 1. As shown in Figure 21(a), the two vertical frame sections constituting each vertical frame section of the opening guard device 700 do not have contact surfaces with each other. However, this does not necessarily mean that there are no contact surfaces; there may be cases where there are contact surfaces.

[0049] As described above, the opening guard device 700 does not have a horizontal member, so the method by which a worker enters the opening guard device differs from that of other embodiments of the opening guard device. The worker enters the opening guard device 700 either by entering from above the opening guard device 700, or by installing the opening guard device 700 while the worker is inside the area where the opening guard device 700 will be installed.

[0050] If we define the first state as the assembled hexagonal three-dimensional shape using multiple frames, and the second state as the folded state where the multiple frames overlap, then it is possible to transition from the first state to the second state. As mentioned above, the opening guard device 700 does not have horizontal members or connecting members, so the operation required to transition to the second state is less than that of opening guard devices 1, 400, and 600. To fold it, the horizontal frame section corresponding to the upper edge and the horizontal frame section corresponding to the lower edge of the opening guard device 700, as shown in Figure 21(a), are pushed inward to fold it. Conversely, to transition from the second state to the first state, the same parts should be pulled outward. The advantages of being easily transported to the workshop, and the advantages of stacking and storing or transporting the second state are the same as those of the opening guard device 1. When the opening guard device 700 is in the second state, it takes the form of three substantially identical substantially rectangular shapes arranged in parallel, as shown in Figure 22(b).

[0051] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention by combining the embodiments, etc. The materials, arrangement, and quantities described in the above-described embodiment are merely examples and can be changed as appropriate. In this embodiment, the shape of the opening guard device has been described as a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, a rhombic solid, a triangular solid, and a hexagonal solid, but it is not limited to these. For example, it may be a cylinder, a triangular prism, a triangular pyramid, a square pyramid, a cone, etc. Furthermore, although this embodiment describes a single horizontal member as a member that closes a portion of the opening S, it is not limited to this case. A vertical member may be used instead of a horizontal member, or multiple horizontal and vertical members may be used. Furthermore, although this embodiment describes a case where the horizontal member is formed of resin, it is not limited to this case, and may be formed of metal or other materials. [Explanation of symbols]

[0052] 1, 400, 410, 500, 600, 700: Opening guard device 2, 501: Multiple horizontal frames 3: Multiple vertical frames 4: Upper horizontal frame 5: Central horizontal frame 6: Lower horizontal frame 40, 412, 420, 540: Horizontal members 70: Connecting members 80a~80c: Connecting holes 100: Hinge 101: Pin 102~105: Wings 110: Contact members 120: Sliding members 123: Slotted holes 124a: First segment 124b: Second segment 127: Engaging member

Claims

1. An opening guard device composed of multiple frames, An opening guard device characterized by being able to transition between a first state in which the plurality of frames form a three-dimensional shape and a second state in which the plurality of frames are folded so that they overlap.

2. The opening guard device according to claim 1, characterized in that some of the frame portions of the plurality of frames are rotatably connected, and the device transitions from the first state to the second state by rotating the some of the frame portions.

3. The aforementioned plurality of frames include vertical frame sections extending vertically with respect to the installation surface, and horizontal frame sections extending horizontally and forming a four-sided frame on the upper side of the vertical frame sections. The opening guard device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a pair of opposing horizontal frame sections among the horizontal frame sections each transition to the second state by rotating at their intermediate sections.

4. Each of the pair of horizontal frame sections is composed of one horizontal division frame section and the other horizontal division frame section, with the intermediate section as the boundary. The horizontally divided frame portion on one side has a first connecting hole formed on its upper surface, and the horizontally divided frame portion on the other side has a connecting member that is inserted into the connecting hole. The opening guard device according to claim 3, characterized in that the connecting member is held in the first state by inserting it into the first connecting hole.

5. Of the aforementioned horizontal frame portions, a pair of horizontal frame portions that face each other in a different direction from the aforementioned pair of horizontal frame portions have a second connecting hole formed on their upper surface. The opening guard device according to claim 4, characterized in that the connecting member is held in the second state by inserting it into the second connecting hole.

6. Some of the frame sections of the aforementioned plurality of frames are rotatably connected by hinges. The hinge mentioned above is, It has a pin which is the vertical central axis, one blade portion connected to one frame portion with the pin as the center, and the other blade portion connected to the other frame portion. The opening guard device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that when transitioning to the second state, the one-sided wing portion and the other-sided wing portion are positioned vertically without overlapping, and transitioning to a single rectangular shape that is long vertically.

7. It has vertical frame sections extending vertically with respect to the installation surface, horizontal frame sections extending horizontally with respect to the installation surface, and horizontal members installed between adjacent vertical frame sections. The aforementioned horizontal member is The opening guard device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is capable of transitioning between a closed state in which it is held substantially horizontally and an open state in which the closed state is released to form an opening that allows people or objects to enter and exit.

8. The aforementioned horizontal member is A first divided body and a second divided body are formed by dividing, The opening guard device according to claim 7, further comprising a sliding member that slides horizontally along an elongated hole formed in the first divided body.

9. The horizontal member is released from its closed state by sliding the sliding member in the direction of the first divided body. The opening guard device according to claim 8, characterized in that the first divided body and the second divided body are positioned at a distance from each other by rotating.

10. The aforementioned horizontal member has an engaging member inside, The engaging member is positioned to span across the first and second sections when the horizontal member is in the closed state. The opening guard device according to claim 7, characterized in that, in the open state, it is positioned only within the first divided body.

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