Light-emitting devices, image forming apparatuses, display devices, photoelectric converters, electronic devices, and wearable devices

Abstract

It provides technology that is advantageous for reducing power consumption. [Solution] A light-emitting device comprising a substrate and a light-emitting element including a light-emitting part disposed on the main surface of the substrate and a lens disposed on the light-emitting part, further comprising an optical member into which light transmitted through the lens is incident on the light extraction side of the light-emitting element, wherein in an orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the optical member in a first direction is shorter than the length of the optical member in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and in a virtual cross-section passing through the vertex of the lens in the direction normal to the main surface and along the first direction, the light beam emitted from the light-emitting part and transmitted through the lens includes light rays incident on one end and the other end of the optical member in the first direction, respectively, and in an orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the light-emitting part in the first direction is shorter than the length of the light-emitting part in the second direction.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a light-emitting device, an image-forming device, a display device, a photoelectric converter, an electronic device, and a wearable device. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 shows that by placing a microlens on the light-emitting part and adjusting the size and shape of the light-emitting part, the proportion of light contributing to the display can be increased and power consumption reduced. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-114845 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0004] To improve the performance of light-emitting devices, it is necessary to further reduce their power consumption. Light-emitting devices can have various configurations depending on their intended use and specifications. By adjusting the shape of the light-emitting part according to the configuration of the light-emitting device, it may be possible to reduce the proportion of light that does not contribute to the display and further reduce power consumption.

[0005] This disclosure aims to provide technology that is advantageous in reducing power consumption. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention is a light-emitting device comprising a substrate, a light-emitting element including a light-emitting part disposed on the main surface of the substrate and a lens disposed on the light-emitting part, wherein the light-emitting element further comprises an optical member into which light transmitted through the lens is incident on the light extraction side of the light-emitting element, wherein in an orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the optical member in a first direction is shorter than the length of the optical member in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and in a virtual cross-section passing through the vertex of the lens in the direction normal to the main surface and along the first direction, the light beam emitted from the light-emitting part and transmitted through the lens includes light rays incident on one end and the other end of the optical member in the first direction, respectively, and in an orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the light-emitting part in the first direction is shorter than the length of the light-emitting part in the second direction. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a technology that is advantageous in reducing power consumption. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] A diagram showing an example configuration of the photoelectric conversion device of this embodiment. [Figure 2] A diagram showing an example configuration of the photoelectric conversion device of this embodiment. [Figure 3] A diagram showing an example configuration of the photoelectric conversion device of this embodiment. [Figure 4] A diagram showing an example configuration of the photoelectric conversion device of this embodiment. [Figure 5] A diagram illustrating the effects of the photoelectric conversion device of this embodiment. [Figure 6] A diagram illustrating the effects of the photoelectric conversion device of this embodiment. [Figure 7] A diagram showing an example configuration of the photoelectric conversion device of this embodiment. [Figure 8] A diagram showing an example configuration of the photoelectric conversion device of this embodiment. [Figure 9] A diagram showing an example configuration of the photoelectric conversion device of this embodiment. [Figure 10] A diagram showing an example configuration of the photoelectric conversion device of this embodiment. [Figure 11] Figure illustrating an example of an image forming apparatus using the light-emitting device of the present embodiment. [Figure 12] Figure illustrating an example of a display device using the light-emitting device of the present embodiment. [Figure 13] Figure illustrating an example of a photoelectric conversion device using the light-emitting device of the present embodiment. [Figure 14] Figure illustrating an example of an electronic device using the light-emitting device of the present embodiment. [Figure 15] Figure illustrating an example of a display device using the light-emitting device of the present embodiment. [Figure 16] Figure illustrating an example of a lighting device using the light-emitting device of the present embodiment. [Figure 17] Figure illustrating an example of a moving object using the light-emitting device of the present embodiment. [Figure 18] Figure illustrating an example of a wearable device using the light-emitting device of the present embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the following embodiments do not limit the claimed invention. Although a plurality of features are described in the embodiments, not all of these plurality of features are essential to the invention, and a plurality of features may be combined arbitrarily. Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings, the same or similar configurations are denoted by the same reference numerals, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

[0010] The light-emitting device of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10. FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams each showing a partial configuration example of the light-emitting device 100 of the present embodiment. More specifically, FIG. 1 is an orthographic projection view of the light-emitting device 100 as viewed from a direction (normal direction) perpendicular to a main surface 151 of a substrate 108 constituting the light-emitting device 100. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' in FIG. 1.

[0011] The light-emitting device 100 includes a substrate 108, a light-emitting element 101 including a light-emitting section 132 disposed on the main surface 151 of the substrate 108 and a lens 117 disposed on the light-emitting section 132, and a plurality of pads 134 for electrically connecting to the outside of the light-emitting device 100. The light-emitting element 101 includes one light-emitting section 132 and one lens 117 disposed to correspond to the light-emitting section 132. In the example shown in Figures 1 and 2, the light-emitting section 132 is shown to be an organic light-emitting element comprising an electrode 109 (which may also be called a lower electrode, etc.), an organic layer 120 including a light-emitting layer, and an electrode 111 (which may also be called an upper electrode, etc.). However, it is not limited to this, and for example, an inorganic light-emitting material or a light-emitting element including quantum dots may be used as the light-emitting section 132, or a light-emitting diode may be used. For example, a so-called micro-LED may be used as the light-emitting section 132. Details of the light-emitting element 101 and the configuration of the insulating layer 112, protective layer 113, planarization layer 114, etc., provided on the light-emitting element 101 will be described later.

[0012] The light-emitting device 100 further includes an optical member 102 on the light-extraction side of the light-emitting element 101, to which light transmitted through the lens 117 is incident. The optical member 102 may have the function of transmitting, focusing, diffusing, imaging, or projecting the light emitted from the light-emitting element 101. For example, if the light-emitting device 100 is used as an exposure device in an image forming apparatus, it may have the function of focusing the light emitted from the light-emitting element 101 onto the surface of a photoreceptor. In that case, the optical member 102 may be an erect, 1:1 magnification lens array that forms an erect, 1:1 magnification image of the light emitted from the light-emitting element 101 onto the surface of the photoreceptor. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the length of the optical member 102 in direction D1 is shorter than the length of the direction D2 perpendicular to direction D1. The length of the optical member 102 in direction D1 may be, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less. Furthermore, the length of the optical element 102 in direction D2 may be, for example, 100 mm or more and 2000 mm or less.

[0013] Here, the length of the optical member 102 in direction D1 can be defined as the distance between two intersections of the outer edge of the optical member 102 and a virtual straight line 136 parallel to direction D1 passing through the center of the optical member 102, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. Similarly, the length of the optical member 102 in direction D2 can be defined as the distance between two intersections of the outer edge of the optical member 102 and a virtual straight line 137 parallel to direction D2 passing through the center of the optical member 102, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. The center of the optical member 102 in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108 can be defined as the position of the geometric centroid of the planar shape of the outer edge of the optical member 102 in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. In the configuration shown in Figure 1, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the length of the optical member 102 passing through the center of the optical member 102 is the minimum value in direction D1. Furthermore, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the length of the optical element 102 that passes through the center of the optical element 102 is maximized in direction D2. Also, in the configuration shown in Figure 1, the virtual lines 136 and 137 are axes of symmetry of the shape of the outer edge of the optical element 102, but they do not necessarily have to be axes of symmetry.

[0014] Next, the outer edge of the optical member 102 can be defined as the outer edge of the region of the optical member 102 that transmits light emitted from the light-emitting element 101, in an orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. If the optical member 102 includes a plurality of lens elements arranged adjacent to each other, such as a lens array, the outer edge of the optical member 102 may be defined as a single polygon that encloses all of the plurality of lens elements and is circumscribing the outermost lens element. Here, the polygon may be, for example, a quadrilateral. The optical member 102 may be arranged at a distance from the lens 117 of the light-emitting element 101. In that case, the region between the optical member 102 and the lens 117 of the light-emitting element 101 may be, for example, a space where a gas such as air exists. Alternatively, for example, a transparent resin or the like may be placed in the region between the optical member 102 and the lens 117 of the light-emitting element 101. The distance between the optical member 102 and the lens 117 of the light-emitting element 101 in the direction perpendicular to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108 may be, for example, 1 mm or more and 50 mm or less.

[0015] Lens 117 may also be called a microlens. The surface of lens 117 (which may also be called the top surface) has a convex shape in the direction away from the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. The top surface of lens 117 may also be said to have a convex shape toward the optical member 102. Light emitted from the light-emitting part 132 outward (in the direction away from the center of the light-emitting part 132 in the direction perpendicular to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108) can be converted into parallel light (collimated light) by refraction at the surface of lens 117 and extracted in the direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate 108 (front direction). In other words, lens 117 can function as a collimator. Lens 117 may have light-gathering properties. Lens 117 may have positive power that converts the light emitted from the light-emitting part 132 into parallel light or focused light. Lens 117 may have a convex shape in the direction toward the light-emitting part 132, for example. However, in that case, an air layer or the like may be necessary between the light-emitting part 132 and the lens 117 to create a refractive index difference between the lens 117 and the planarization layer 114 (the planarization layer 114 will be described later). Therefore, it is necessary to increase the distance between the light-emitting part 132 and the lens 117. In this embodiment, the surface of the lens 117 is convex in the direction away from the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. Therefore, as shown in Figure 2, it becomes possible to directly arrange the lens 117. As a result, the light-emitting device 100 can be miniaturized.

[0016] The lens 117 includes a vertex 141. The vertex 141 of the lens 117 may be, for example, the part of the lens 117's surface that is furthest from the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. Alternatively, for example, the vertex 141 of the lens 117 may be a set of points where the distance from the main surface 151 of the substrate 108 is maximized. Furthermore, for example, the vertex 141 of the lens 117 may also be the part of the lens 117's surface whose tangent is parallel to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. Figure 2 shows a cross-section passing through the vertex 141 of the lens 117 and along the direction normal to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. Here, the distance in the direction normal to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108 between the optical member 102 and the vertex 141 of the lens 117 may be greater than the distance in the direction normal to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108 between the vertex 141 of the lens 117 and the light-emitting part 132.

[0017] The outer edge 145 of the lens 117 is the outermost part of the lens 117 when the lenses 117, which are arranged to correspond to adjacent light-emitting elements 101, are formed independently. As shown in Figure 2, when the lenses 117, which are arranged to correspond to adjacent light-emitting elements 101, are formed in a continuous manner at least partially, the outer edge 145 of the lens 117 may be, for example, a set of points on the surface of the lens 117 where the distance from the main surface 151 of the substrate 108 is minimal. For example, the outer edge 145 of the lens may be the portion between adjacent light-emitting elements 101 where the tangent to the surface of the lens 117 is parallel to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. The region enclosed by the outer edge 145 may be defined as a single lens 117. Furthermore, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the geometric centroid of the planar shape of the outer edge 145 may be defined as the center of the lens 117. In the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the vertex 141 of the lens 117 and the center of the lens 117 may be located at the same position or at different positions.

[0018] Figure 3 is a plan view focusing on the outer edge 145 and light-emitting portion 132 of the lens 117 in an orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the cross-section between B and B' in Figure 3. In the example shown in Figure 3, the shape of the outer edge 145 of the lens 117 is square.

[0019] The length of lens 117 in direction D1 can be defined as the distance between two intersections of the outer edge 145 of lens 117 and a virtual straight line parallel to direction D1 passing through the center of lens 117 in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of substrate 108. Similarly, the length of lens 117 in direction D2 can be defined as the distance between two intersections of the outer edge 145 of lens 117 and a virtual straight line parallel to direction D2 passing through the center of lens 117 in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of substrate 108. The center of lens 117 in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of substrate 108 can be defined as the position of the geometric centroid of the planar shape of the outer edge 145 in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of substrate 108.

[0020] When multiple light-emitting units 132 are arranged on the substrate 108, the region enclosed by the perpendicular bisectors of the centers of adjacent light-emitting units 132 can be defined as a unit pixel 133 corresponding to one light-emitting element 101. Figure 3 shows an example of one unit pixel 133. In the example shown in Figure 3, the shape of the unit pixel 133 is square, and one light-emitting unit 132 is contained within one unit pixel 133. Also, the outer edge 145 of the lens 117 coincides with the outer edge of the unit pixel 133. The outer edge of the unit pixel 133 may be, for example, a polygon formed by connecting the points where the distance from the centroid of the lower electrode of a certain pixel to the centroid of the lower electrode of an adjacent pixel is shortest in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. From the viewpoint of improving the light extraction efficiency using the lens 117, it is appropriate to increase the area of ​​the lens 117 in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. Therefore, it is appropriate to increase the area occupied by the lens 117 among the unit pixels 133, and the shape of the outer edge 145 of the lens 117 may be the same as that of the unit pixels 133. The shape of the outer edge 145 of the lens 117 may also be similar to that of the unit pixels 133. On the other hand, as will be described later, in order to reduce power consumption, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting part 132 is not similar to the shape of the outer edge of the unit pixels 133 that include the light-emitting part 132. Therefore, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting part 132 is not similar to the shape of the outer edge 145 of the lens 117.

[0021] From another perspective, as shown in Figure 3, let d1 be the shortest distance between the centers of the light-emitting parts 132 arranged on adjacent light-emitting elements 101 (unit pixels 133), and d2 be the maximum distance from the center to the outer edge 145 of the lens 117. In that case, d1 / 2 < d2 ··· (1) The following relationship may also be satisfied. By satisfying this relationship (1), the area occupied by the lens 117 among the unit pixels 133 can be increased. This makes it possible to improve the light extraction efficiency.

[0022] In this embodiment, the light-emitting portion 132 has a shape in which the length in direction D1 is shorter than the length in direction D2 which is perpendicular to direction D1, in an orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. Here, the length in direction D1 of the light-emitting portion 132 can be defined as the distance between two intersections of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion 132 and a virtual straight line parallel to direction D1 passing through the center of the light-emitting portion 132, in an orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. Similarly, the length in direction D2 of the light-emitting portion 132 can be defined as the distance between two intersections of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion 132 and a virtual straight line parallel to direction D2 passing through the center of the light-emitting portion 132, in an orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. The center of the light-emitting portion 132 in an orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108 can be defined as the position of the geometric centroid of the planar shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion 132 in an orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. In the configuration shown in Figure 3, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the length of the light-emitting portion 132 passing through its center is the minimum value in direction D1. Also, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the length of the light-emitting portion 132 passing through its center is the maximum value in direction D2.

[0023] The following describes the effect of shaping the light-emitting part 132 so that the length in direction D1 is shorter than the length in direction D2. Figures 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams illustrating the light rays emitted from the light-emitting part 132 and refracted and extracted at the surface of the lens 117. Figure 5 shows the light rays emitted from near the center of the light-emitting part 132, and Figure 6 shows the light rays emitted from near the outer periphery of the light-emitting part 132. As shown in Figure 5, the light emitted from near the center of the light-emitting part 132 is refracted in the direction normal to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 6, the light emitted from near the outer periphery of the light-emitting part 132 is refracted in an oblique direction to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. If we define the angle between the light rays refracted and extracted at the surface of the lens 117 and the perpendicular to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108 as the radiation angle, then it can be said that the light emitted from near the outer periphery of the light-emitting part 132 has a larger radiation angle than the light emitted from near the center.

[0024] Furthermore, the fact that light emitted from near the outer periphery of the light-emitting section 132 has a larger radiation angle than light emitted from near the center can also be understood through the following explanation. Contrary to the explanation above, if we consider a light ray incident perpendicular to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108 toward the lens 117 from the light extraction side, the lens 117 exerts a focusing effect, and the light ray reaches near the center of the light-emitting section 132. On the other hand, a light ray that is inclined from a direction perpendicular to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108 and incident on the lens 117 at an angle reaches near the outer periphery of the light-emitting section 132. The greater the inclination from the direction perpendicular to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the further the position where the light ray reaches is from the center of the light-emitting section 132. Since the light ray follows the same optical path even when traced from the opposite side, it can be understood that light emitted from the outer region of the light-emitting section 132 is extracted at an inclination from the direction perpendicular to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108.

[0025] As described above, the length of the optical element 102 in direction D1 is shorter than the length of the optical element 102 in direction D2, which is perpendicular to direction D1. As a result, the radiation angle of light that can pass through the optical element 102 in direction D1 is smaller than the radiation angle of light that can pass through the optical element 102 in direction D2. If the length of the light-emitting part 132 in direction D1 and direction D2 are the same, the radiation angles will be the same in directions D1 and D2, so there may be cases where light that does not pass through the optical element 102 in direction D1 is generated. In such cases, by shortening the length of the light-emitting part 132 in direction D1, the amount of light with a large radiation angle in direction D1 is reduced, and the amount of light that does not pass through the optical element 102 can be reduced. Since the area of ​​the light-emitting part 132 can be reduced while maintaining the amount of light that passes through the optical element 102, shortening the length of the light-emitting part 132 in direction D1 relative to direction D2 can reduce power consumption.

[0026] From another perspective, it can be seen that the greater the difference between the length of the lens 117 and the length of the light-emitting part 132, the more the amount of light with a large radiation angle can be reduced. In the example shown in Figures 1 to 4, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the difference between the length of the lens 117 in direction D1 and the length of the light-emitting part 132 in direction D1 is greater than the difference between the length of the lens 117 in direction D2 and the length of the light-emitting part 132 in direction D2. By satisfying this relationship, power consumption can be reduced.

[0027] The shorter the length of the light-emitting part 132 in direction D1, the narrower the radiation angle in direction D1 becomes. The length of the light-emitting part 132 in direction D1 may be set such that, in a virtual cross-section passing through the vertex of the lens 117, which is normal to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108 and along direction D1, the light beam emitted from the light-emitting part 132 and transmitted through the lens 117 includes light rays incident on one end and the other end of the optical member 102 in direction D1. Specifically, for example, the length of the optical member 102 in direction D1 is 1 mm, and the distance between the optical member 102 and the lens 117 of the light-emitting element 101 in the direction perpendicular to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108 is 4 mm. Also, the distance in direction D2 between a virtual straight line 137 parallel to the direction D2 of the optical member 102 (as described above, the virtual straight line 137 may be the axis of symmetry in the planar shape of the outer edge of the optical member 102) and the center of the light-emitting part 132 is 0.2 mm. In that case, the radiation angle of the light rays directed toward one end of the optical member 102 in the D1 direction is calculated to be approximately 4 degrees, and the radiation angle of the light rays directed toward the other end is calculated to be 10 degrees. Therefore, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the length of the direction D1 of the light-emitting unit 132 may be set such that when tracing the light rays emitted from the light-emitting unit 132 and refracted according to Snell's law at the interface of different materials, there are light rays with radiation angles of 4 degrees and 10 degrees or more. Here, it is also conceivable that the light emitted from the light-emitting unit 132 and transmitted through the lens 117 passes only between the two ends of the optical member 102 in the direction D1. However, in that case, the optical member 102 may be unnecessarily large in the direction D1, and the light-emitting device 100 may become larger.

[0028] From another perspective, the condition for the existence of light rays that reach both ends of the optical member 102 in direction D1, after being emitted from the light-emitting part 132 and passing through the lens 117, can be understood as the condition that when considering light rays that refract from both ends of the optical member 102 toward the lens 117, they reach inside the light-emitting part 132. Specifically, in the same example as above, the condition for the existence of light rays that reach both ends of the optical member 102 in direction D1 is that light rays incident on the lens 117 from the light extraction side at angles of 4 degrees and 10 degrees, which are the radiation angles of the light rays, reach inside the light-emitting part 132.

[0029] In the configurations shown in Figures 1 to 6, an example is shown in which the light-emitting part 132 is elliptical in shape. However, it is not limited to this as long as the length in direction D1 is shorter than the length in direction D2, in accordance with the shape of the optical member 102. In the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the shape of the light-emitting part 132 may be a polygon such as a rectangle, rhombus, or parallelogram, or a shape with rounded (chamfered) corners. From another viewpoint, the shape of the light-emitting part 132 may be a line-symmetric shape with only two axes of symmetry, and the two axes of symmetry may be parallel to directions D1 and D2, respectively. Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, the shape of the light-emitting part 132 may be elliptical, with the minor axis parallel to direction D1 and the major axis parallel to direction D2. As another example, the shape of the light-emitting part 132 may be rectangular, with two short sides parallel to direction D1 and two long sides parallel to direction D2. For example, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the outer edges of the optical element 102 and the light-emitting section 132 may each have a planar shape that takes the minimum length in direction D1. Also, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the outer shape of the light-emitting section 132 may be 2-fold rotationally symmetric and not have 3-fold or more rotational symmetry. By making the light-emitting section 132 such a shape, it is possible to reduce power consumption while improving the symmetry of the radiation angle characteristics in directions D1 and D2. Another example is when the distance between the center of the light-emitting section 132 and one end of the optical element 102 in direction D1 is different from the distance between the center of the light-emitting section 132 and the other end of the optical element 102. In that case, in order to improve light utilization efficiency, the shape of the light-emitting section 132 may be a lineally symmetric shape with only one axis of symmetry, or the shape of the light-emitting section 132 may not have rotational symmetry.

[0030] Incidentally, in cases where the light-emitting device 100 is incorporated into a display device such as a head-mounted display, where the light-emitting device 100 is attached near the user's eyeball, the visible field of view may differ in the vertical and horizontal directions. For example, the human eye can see a wider area horizontally than vertically, and therefore, a higher field of view characteristic may be required in the horizontal direction than vertically. In such cases, the light from multiple light-emitting elements 101 is amplified using the optical element 102 and projected onto, for example, the viewing portion of eyeglasses. In this case, the radiation angle required for the display device becomes larger in the direction where the visible field of view is larger.

[0031] In such cases, even if the length of the optical element 102 in direction D1 is not shorter than the length of the optical element 102 in direction D2, the light-emitting section 132 may be shaped so that the length in the first direction is shorter than the length in the second direction. When the light-emitting device 100 is incorporated into a display device such as a head-mounted display, a pancake lens or the like may be used as the optical element 102. In that case, the optical element 102 may not have a long side and a short side as shown in Figures 1 and 2. Even in that case, by satisfying the relationship d1 / 2 < d2 in equation (1) described above, the amount of light from light with a large radiation angle in direction D1 can be reduced, thereby reducing power consumption while maintaining display quality. In this case, direction D1 may be set to approximate the vertical direction of the user's line of sight when the user wears a display device such as a head-mounted display in which the light-emitting device 100 is incorporated.

[0032] In this disclosure, one lens 117 and one light-emitting unit 132 are provided for each of the multiple light-emitting elements 101, and the lenses 117 and light-emitting units 132 are not shared among the multiple light-emitting elements 101. It can also be considered that the lenses 117 and light-emitting units 132 are provided in a one-to-one relationship. From another viewpoint, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, one lens 117 coincides with the center of one light-emitting unit 132, but does not coincide with the centers of two or more light-emitting units 132. Also, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, one lens 117 coincides with the center of one electrode 109, but does not coincide with the centers of two or more electrodes 109. For the purpose of increasing the light extraction efficiency in the direction normal to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the vertex 141 of the lens 117 and the center of the light-emitting unit 132 may be arranged to coincide in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108. On the other hand, the center and vertex 141 of the light-emitting section 132 may be offset from each other in order to improve the efficiency of light extraction in a particular direction. In the light-emitting region where multiple light-emitting elements 101 of the light-emitting device 100 are arranged, they may be offset in the same direction throughout the entire light-emitting region, or the center and vertex 141 of the light-emitting section 132 may overlap near the center of the light-emitting region, and the offset between the center and vertex 141 of the light-emitting section 132 may increase towards the outer periphery of the light-emitting device.

[0033] Figures 7 and 8 show a cross-section between A and A' in Figure 1, similar to Figure 2, in another configuration example of the light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment. As shown in Figure 1, when multiple substrates 108 are arranged in a staggered pattern, the center of the light-emitting section 132 may not coincide with a virtual straight line 137, which is a symmetry axis parallel to the direction D2 of the optical member 102. In such cases, the vertex 141 of the lens 117 is offset in the direction from the center of the light-emitting section 132 toward the virtual straight line 137, which is a symmetry axis parallel to the D2 direction of the optical member 102. This may improve the light utilization efficiency of the optical member 102. Therefore, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the vertex 141 of the lens 117 may be positioned at a first distance away from the center of the light-emitting section 132 in one direction of direction D1 (towards the virtual straight line 137, which is a symmetry axis parallel to the D2 direction of the optical member 102). In that case, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the center of direction D1 of the optical member 102 is located at a second distance greater than the first distance from the center of the light-emitting part 132 in one direction of direction D1 (towards a virtual straight line 137, which is a symmetry axis parallel to the D2 direction of the optical member 102). In other words, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the distance in direction D1 between the center of the light-emitting part 132 of the light-emitting element 101 and the vertex 141 of the lens 117 is shorter than the distance in direction D1 between the center of the light-emitting part 132 and the center of the optical member 102.

[0034] Similarly, in order to improve the light utilization efficiency of the optical element 102, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the center of the pad 134 is positioned at a third distance greater than the first distance from the center of the light-emitting part 132 in the other direction D1 (opposite to the direction toward the virtual straight line 137, which is the axis of symmetry parallel to the D2 direction of the optical element 102). In other words, as shown in Figure 1, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, in the first direction, the center of the light-emitting part 132 is positioned between the center of the optical element 102 and the center of the pad 134.

[0035] Here, the distance X in direction D1 between the center of the light-emitting part 132 and the vertex 141 of the lens may be constant for multiple light-emitting elements 101. Furthermore, for the purpose of improving light utilization efficiency, the distance X in direction D1 between the center of the light-emitting part 132 and the vertex 141 of the lens may be configured differently depending on the distance from a virtual straight line 137, which is a symmetry axis parallel to the direction D2 of the optical element 102. In the configurations shown in Figures 7 and 8, the distance X in direction D1 between the center of the light-emitting part 132 and the vertex 141 of the lens is larger for light-emitting elements 101 that are further from the virtual straight line 137.

[0036] When the center of the light-emitting part 132 and the vertex 141 of the lens 117 are offset from each other, the shape of the lens 117 may be a part of a substantially spherical surface, as shown in Figure 7. Alternatively, the shape of the lens 117 may have an asymmetrical curvature, as shown in Figure 8.

[0037] Here, a more specific example of the configuration of the light-emitting device 100 will be described. As shown in Figure 2, the light-emitting device 100 may include a substrate 108, an electrode 109, an organic layer 120, an electrode 111, an insulating layer 112, a protective layer 113, a planarizing layer 114, and a lens 117. In this embodiment, the electrode 109 and the electrode 111 may each function as reflective layers that reflect light, as will be described later.

[0038] Electrode 109 is positioned on the main surface of the substrate 108. Electrode 109 may also be called the lower electrode. The organic layer 120 includes a light-emitting layer containing a light-emitting material. A portion of the organic layer 120 (light-emitting layer) functions as the light-emitting section 132 described above. The organic layer 120 is positioned between the substrate 108 and the lens 117 so as to cover electrode 109. Electrode 111 is positioned on top of the organic layer 120. Electrode 111 may also be called the upper electrode. The light-emitting layer in the organic layer 120 emits light due to the potential difference between electrode 109 and electrode 111.

[0039] The insulating layer 112 is placed between adjacent electrodes 109 so that adjacent electrodes 109 are insulated from each other. The insulating layer 112 may also be called a bank. The insulating layer 112 is placed on top of the electrodes 109, for example, at the outer edge of the electrodes 109. The exposed portion of the electrodes 109 that is not covered by the insulating layer 112 is in contact with the organic layer 120. The portion of the organic layer 120 that is in contact with the electrodes 109 can become the light-emitting portion 132 described above. Therefore, as shown in Figure 2, the light-emitting device may have multiple light-emitting portions 132, each corresponding to a plurality of electrodes 109.

[0040] The protective layer 113 is placed on the electrode 111, and the planarization layer 114 is placed on the protective layer 113. The lens 117 is placed on the planarization layer 114. The lens 117 is positioned to correspond to each electrode 109.

[0041] The material used for the substrate 108 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that can support each component of the light-emitting device, such as the electrodes 109, the organic layer 120, and the electrodes 111. For example, glass, plastic, silicon, etc., may be used as the material for the substrate 108. Switching elements such as transistors, wiring patterns, interlayer insulating films, etc., may be provided on the main surface 151 of the substrate 108.

[0042] The electrodes 109 may be arranged in accordance with each light-emitting element 101. The electrodes 109 may be transparent or opaque to the light emitted from the light-emitting section 132. If the electrodes 109 are opaque, the material of the electrodes 109 may be a metallic material with a reflectivity of 70% or more to the wavelength of light emitted from the light-emitting section 132. For example, the material of the electrodes 109 may be a metal such as aluminum (Al) or silver (Ag), or an alloy of Al or Ag with silicon (Si), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), etc. Alternatively, the electrodes 109 may be transparent electrodes such as ITO, IZO, AZO, or IGZO, in which case an opaque reflective layer and the electrodes 109 may be laminated together to block light emitted from the light-emitting section 132. Electrode 109 may be a multilayer electrode with barrier electrodes made of metals such as titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), or gold (Au), or their alloys, as long as the required reflectivity can be obtained. It may also be a multilayer electrode with transparent oxide film electrodes such as ITO or IZO. For the optimization of the optical distance described later, electrode 109 may employ a configuration in which an insulating film is provided between the reflective layer and the transparent conductive film.

[0043] The electrode 111 may be a semi-transparent electrode having the property of transmitting some of the light that reaches the electrode 111 and reflecting other parts (i.e., semi-transparent reflectivity). As the material of the electrode 111, a transparent material such as a transparent conductive oxide may be used. Alternatively, as the material of the electrode 111, a semi-transparent material composed of elemental metals (such as Al, Ag, Au), alkali metals (such as lithium (Li), cesium (Cs)), alkaline earth metals (such as magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), barium (Ba)), or alloy materials containing these metal materials may be used. When a semi-transparent material is used as the material of the electrode 111, an alloy mainly composed of Mg or Ag may be used as the semi-transparent material. If the electrode 111 has an appropriate transmittance, the electrode 111 may be a laminated structure of multiple layers composed of the materials described above. In the configuration shown in Figure 2, a common electrode 111 is provided between multiple light-emitting parts 132. However, the configuration is not limited to this, and multiple electrodes 111 corresponding to each of the multiple light-emitting parts 132 may be arranged.

[0044] One of the electrodes, electrode 109 or electrode 111, functions as the anode, and the other functions as the cathode. For example, electrode 109 may function as the anode and electrode 111 may function as the cathode. Alternatively, for example, electrode 109 may function as the cathode and electrode 111 may function as the anode.

[0045] The organic layer 120 can be formed by known techniques such as vapor deposition or spin coating. The organic layer 120 may be composed of multiple layers. If the organic layer 120 is an organic compound layer, the organic layer 120 may be composed of at least one of the following in addition to the light-emitting layer: a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, etc.

[0046] The light-emitting layer emits light when holes injected from the anode and electrons injected from the cathode recombine within the layer. The light-emitting layer may be a single layer or multiple layers. For example, if a light-emitting layer containing a red light-emitting material, a light-emitting layer containing a green light-emitting material, and a light-emitting layer containing a blue light-emitting material are combined, the light from each light-emitting layer (red light, green light, and blue light) mixes to produce white light. Two types of light-emitting layers whose emitted colors are complementary to each other (for example, a light-emitting layer containing a blue light-emitting material and a light-emitting layer containing a yellow light-emitting material) may also be combined. In the light-emitting device 100 shown in Figure 2, a configuration is shown in which each light-emitting unit 132 emits light of the same color. However, it is not limited to this. The materials contained in the light-emitting layer and the configuration of the light-emitting layer may be made different for each light-emitting unit 132 so that each light-emitting unit 132 emits light of a different color. In that case, the light-emitting layer may be patterned for each light-emitting unit 132.

[0047] Alternatively, the organic layer 120 may have a so-called tandem structure, which includes multiple light-emitting layers and charge-generating layers provided between the multiple light-emitting layers. By using a tandem structure, multiple light-emitting layers can emit light simultaneously, which can improve the luminescence efficiency.

[0048] Here, we will explain that the electrode 109 reflects the light emitted by the light-emitting part 132. In that case, in order to optimize the optical distance between the first reflective surface, which is the surface of the electrode 109, and the light-emitting position of the organic layer 120 including the light-emitting layer, it is sufficient to satisfy the following equation (2). In equation (2), L r Φ is the optical path length (optical distance) from the first reflective surface, which is the surface of electrode 109, to the light emission position of the organic layer 120. r m is the phase shift when light of wavelength λ is reflected at the first reflection surface, and it takes a value between -π and 0. Also, m is a non-negative integer. The thickness of the film between the electrode 109 and the organic layer 120, and the thickness of each layer of the organic layer 120 should be designed to satisfy equation (2). L r =(2×m-(Φ r / π)) × (λ / 4) ··· (2) Furthermore, the optical distance L from the light emission position to the second reflective surface, which is the lower surface of electrode 111.s , let Φ be the phase shift when light of wavelength λ is reflected by the second reflecting surface s and m2 be an integer of 0 or greater, the following formula (3) may be satisfied. Here, Φ s takes a value not less than -π and not more than 0. L s =(2×m2-(Φ s / π))×(λ / 4) ··· (3) Therefore, the total interlayer interference L may satisfy the following formula (4). In formula (4), Φ is the sum of the phase shift Φ r and the phase shift Φ s , and m3 is an integer of 0 or greater. L=L r +L s =(2×m3-Φ / π)×(λ / 4) ··· (4) Here, in the above formulas (2) to (4), the allowable range is about λ / 8, or about 20 nm. Since it may be difficult to specify the light-emitting position of the organic layer 120, in the above example, the light-emitting position is substituted with the interface on the first reflecting surface side or the interface on the second reflecting surface side of the light-emitting layer in the organic layer 120. Taking the above allowable range into consideration, the effect of enhancing light can be obtained even when such substitution is performed.

[0049] The protective layer 113 is a dielectric layer. The protective layer 113 also has light-transmitting properties that transmit light emitted from the light-emitting portion 132. Further, the protective layer 113 may contain an inorganic material with low permeability to oxygen and moisture from outside the light-emitting device. For example, the protective layer 113 may be formed of silicon nitride (SiN), silicon oxynitride (SiON), silicon oxide (SiO x ), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), titanium oxide (TiO2), or other inorganic materials. In terms of protective performance, the protective layer 113 may be composed of an inorganic material such as SiN, SiON, or Al2O3. For forming the protective layer 113, a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method, a sputtering method, or the like can be used.

[0050] The protective layer 113 may be a single-layer structure using the above-mentioned materials, or a laminated structure combining the above-mentioned materials, as long as it has sufficient moisture-blocking performance. For example, the protective layer 113 may have a laminated structure of a SiN layer formed by the CVD method and another high-density layer (e.g., Al2O3) formed by the ALD method. Furthermore, the protective layer 113 may also contain an organic layer, as long as it has moisture-blocking performance. Examples of organic layers include polyacrylate, polyimide, polyester, epoxy, etc. Furthermore, in the configuration shown in Figure 2, a common protective layer 113 is provided among the multiple light-emitting parts 132, but multiple protective layers 113 corresponding to each of the multiple light-emitting parts 132 may be provided.

[0051] The planarization layer 114 is provided to flatten the surface irregularities of the protective layer 113. The planarization layer 114 may be formed from an inorganic material such as silicon oxide, or from an organic material such as various resins, or it may have a laminated structure of these materials. If the surface of the protective layer 113 has the flatness required for, for example, the formation of a lens 117, the planarization layer 114 may not be provided.

[0052] The lens 117 can be formed using an exposure process and a development process. Specifically, a material film of the lens 117 (e.g., a photoresist film) is formed, and the photoresist film is exposed and developed using a mask with continuous tonal changes. A gray mask can be used as the mask used to form the lens 117. An area tone mask that enables light irradiation with continuous tonal changes on the image plane by changing the density distribution of dots in a light-shielding film below the resolution of the exposure apparatus can also be used as the mask used to form the lens 117. Furthermore, the lens shape can be adjusted by performing etch-back on the lens 117 formed in the exposure process and development process. As described above, the surface of the lens 117 has a convex shape in the direction away from the main surface of the substrate 108, and the shape of the surface of the lens 117 may be part of a sphere (circle) or aspherical.

[0053] The light-emitting element 101 is constructed by combining the light-emitting section 132 and the lens 117. When multiple light-emitting elements 101 are provided, the planar arrangement of the multiple light-emitting elements 101 (arrangement when viewed from the direction normal to the main surface of the substrate 108) may be any of the following arrangements: stripe arrangement, square arrangement, delta arrangement, pentile arrangement, Bayer arrangement, etc. Here, consider the case where the light-emitting device 100 is used as a display panel, and one pixel (main pixel) is composed of multiple sub-pixels whose corresponding color components are different from each other (for example, a sub-pixel that displays red, a sub-pixel that displays green, and a sub-pixel that displays blue). In this case, multiple light-emitting elements 101 may constitute one pixel. A configuration in which light of different colors is transmitted by the lens 117 may be adopted. This makes full-color display possible in the light-emitting device. As a method for realizing full-color display, a method using a light-emitting layer that emits white light and a color filter may be adopted. When using a color filter, the light-emitting layer can be shared among multiple light-emitting units 132, making the manufacturing process of the light-emitting layer easier than when the light-emitting layer is patterned to emit different colors for each light-emitting unit 132. However, the light-emitting layer may be patterned so that multiple light-emitting units 132 emit light of different colors from each other. Also, the optical path length L between the first reflective layer and the second reflective layer described above (optical path length L r , L s ) may be made different for each light-emitting part 132 that emits a different color from each other.

[0054] Figures 9 and 10 show an example of the light-emitting device 100 of the present invention in which the pixel array is a delta array and sub-pixels are provided, which are three types of unit pixels 133 that display red, green, and blue. Figure 9 is an orthogonal projection from a direction perpendicular to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, and Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view between C and C' in Figure 9.

[0055] In the configuration shown in Figure 9, the shape of the unit pixel 133 is hexagonal. In Figure 9, one unit pixel 133 is shown with a thick line. The outer edge 145 of the lens 117 coincides with the outer edge of the unit pixel 133. Because the area occupied by the lens 117 within the unit pixel 133 can be increased, the light extraction efficiency may be improved.

[0056] In the configurations shown in Figures 9 and 10, the color filter 115 is provided on the planarization layer 114. However, it is not limited to this configuration, and the color filter 115 may also be provided on the protective layer 113. For example, the planarization layer 114 may not be provided, and the color filter 115 and the protective layer 113 may be arranged in contact with each other. Alternatively, for example, the color filter 115 and the protective layer 113 may be integrated. The color filter 115 of the light-emitting device 100 may also be formed by forming the color filter 115 on a support substrate separate from the substrate 108 and bonding it to the protective layer 113 so that it faces the protective layer 113.

[0057] The planarization layer 114 is provided to flatten the surface irregularities of the protective layer 113. By providing the planarization layer 114, the color filter 115 can be formed using a photolithography process with precise alignment relative to each light-emitting part 132. Alternatively, as described above, by omitting the planarization layer 114 and integrating the color filter 115 and the protective layer 113, the color filter 115 can be formed using a photolithography process with precise alignment relative to the light-emitting part 132.

[0058] In the configurations shown in Figures 9 and 10, the color filters 115r, 115g, and 115b may be color filters that transmit light of different colors from each other. For example, color filter 115r may transmit red light, color filter 115g may transmit green light, and color filter 115b may transmit blue light. Some or all of the multiple color filters 115 may be omitted, and the light-emitting device 100 may be a device that emits a single color of light. Furthermore, by creating different light-emitting layers in the organic layer 120 for each light-emitting element 101, and making the color of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 132 different, the light-emitting device 100 may be a device capable of full-color display.

[0059] Furthermore, in the configurations shown in Figures 9 and 10, the lens 117 is provided on the planarization layer 116. The planarization layer 116 is provided to flatten the surface irregularities of the color filter 115. However, the lens 117 may also be provided on the color filter 115. In that case, the planarization layer 116 may not be provided. Also, the lens 117 and the color filter 115 may be integrated.

[0060] Furthermore, the lens 117 may be provided on the protective layer 113 without the color filter 115 or the planarization layers 114 and 116. For example, the lens 117 and the protective layer 113 may be integrated. When the lens 117 and the protective layer 113 are integrated, the distance from the lens 117 to the light-emitting part 132 can be shortened compared to when the lens 117 is formed on a separate substrate and bonded to the protective layer 113 facing it. As a result, the solid angle of the light incident from the light-emitting part 132 to the lens 117 can be widened, improving the light extraction efficiency. By integrating the lens 117 and the protective layer 113, the vertex 141 of the lens 117 can be formed with high precision in alignment with respect to the light-emitting part 132. Also, for example, by integrating the color filter 115, the lens 117, and the protective layer 113, the relative positioning of the light-emitting part 132, the color filter 115, and the lens 117 can be performed with high precision.

[0061] The stacking order of the color filter 115 and the lens 117 can be selected as appropriate. In the configurations shown in Figures 9 and 10, the color filter 115 is provided on the side of the light-emitting unit 132 relative to the lens 117. In this configuration, the light emitted from the light-emitting unit 132 passes through the color filter 115 before entering the lens 117. As a result, light that causes a decrease in color purity (light with a large emission angle from the light-emitting unit) passes through the color filter 115 over a relatively long distance. Therefore, the decrease in color purity when the light-emitting device is observed from an oblique direction can be further suppressed.

[0062] Alternatively, the color filter 115 and lens 117 may be formed on a support substrate separate from the substrate 108, and the light-emitting device may be manufactured by bonding them together so as to face the substrate 108 having the light-emitting section 132. By forming the color filter 115 and lens 117 separately from the organic layer 120 (light-emitting layer), the degree of freedom in the processing method (e.g., temperature) when forming the color filter 115 and lens 117 is improved, and the degree of freedom in the design of the color filter 115 and lens 117 can be increased. The color filter 115 and lens 117 may be formed continuously on a single support substrate, or the color filter 115 and lens 117 may be formed on separate support substrates. The lens 117 and color filter 115 can be bonded to the substrate 108 using a bonding member such as an adhesive. The bonding member may be placed on the planarization layer 114, or, if the planarization layer 114 is not placed, it may be placed on the protective layer 113.

[0063] The lens 117 may be formed on a support substrate separate from the substrate 108 and bonded to the substrate 108 having the light-emitting portion 132 so as to face it. In this case, the lens 117 may be fixed to the substrate 108 at the end of the light-emitting device by a bonding member such as an adhesive so as to provide a space between the lens 117 and the protective layer 113 (or color filter 115). In this case, the space may be filled with resin. The refractive index of the resin may be smaller than the refractive index n1 of the lens 117.

[0064] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 10, the optical path length (optical distance) may be adjusted according to the color transmitted by the color filter 115 described above. In the configuration shown in Figure 10, the electrode 109 transmits the light emitted by the light-emitting part 132, and a reflective layer 121 that reflects the light emitted by the light-emitting part 132 is placed between the electrode 109 and the substrate 108. In addition, the dielectric layers 122 placed between the electrode 109 and the reflective layer 121 have different thicknesses in the light-emitting element 101 equipped with color filters 115 that transmit different types of light, in order to set an appropriate optical path length.

[0065] The following describes examples and comparative examples of the light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment.

[0066] Example 1 First, aluminum was formed on the substrate 108, and a plurality of electrodes 109 corresponding to each light-emitting element 101 were formed. The arrangement of the plurality of electrodes 109 was the same as the arrangement shown in Figure 2. Next, silicon oxide with a thickness of 65 nm was formed as a material film for the insulating layer 112 so as to cover each of the plurality of electrodes 109. The insulating layer 112 was formed by creating openings in the center of each of the plurality of electrodes 109 in the formed material film to expose the electrodes 109. In the light-emitting device of this embodiment, the shape of the openings that expose the electrodes 109 was an ellipse with a major axis of 2.4 μm and a minor axis of 1.2 μm. As described above, the openings finally arranged in the insulating layer 112 correspond to the light-emitting parts 132. That is, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the size and shape of the openings can match the size and shape of the light-emitting parts 132. The arrangement of the light-emitting parts 132 is the same as the arrangement shown in Figure 2, and as shown in Figure 3, the shape of the unit pixels 133 is square. The distance d1 between the centers of the light-emitting parts 132 was set to 4 μm.

[0067] After forming the insulating layer 112, an organic layer 120 was formed on multiple electrodes 109 and the insulating layer 112. Specifically, compound 1, shown below, was formed as a hole injection layer to a thickness of 3 nm. On the hole injection layer, compound 2 was formed as a hole transport layer to a thickness of 40 nm. On the hole transport layer, an emissive layer was formed to a thickness of 20 nm, with compound 3 as the host material accounting for 99.8% by weight and compound 4 as the emissive dopant accounting for 0.2% by weight. Next, compound 5 was formed as a hole blocking layer to a thickness of 35 nm on the emissive layer. Next, compound 6 was formed as an electron transport layer to a thickness of 22 nm on the hole blocking layer. Next, lithium fluoride was formed as an electron injection layer to a thickness of 1 nm on the electron transport layer.

[0068] [ka]

[0069] After the formation of the organic layer 120, an MgAg alloy was formed on the organic layer 120 as an electrode 111 to a thickness of 10 nm. The ratio of Mg to Ag was 1:1. Subsequently, a protective layer 113 of SiN with a refractive index of 1.97 was formed on the electrode 111 to a thickness of 2.0 μm using the CVD method. Then, a planarization layer 114 with a refractive index of 1.55 was formed on the protective layer 113 to a thickness of 0.2 μm using the spin coating method.

[0070] Next, a lens 117 with a refractive index of 1.52 was formed on the planarization layer 114 using an exposure process and a development process. The shape of the lens 117 was made to be approximately part of a sphere. Furthermore, in a plan view from a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate, the shape of the outer edge 145 of the lens 117 was made circular with a radius of 2 μm.

[0071] As shown in Figure 1, an upright, 1:1 magnification lens array was provided above a plurality of substrates 108 arranged in a staggered pattern as an optical element 102. In the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the outer shape of the optical element 102 was a rectangle with a short side of 1 mm and a long side of 420 mm. The distance between the optical element 102 and the vertex 141 of the lens 117 of the light-emitting element 101 in the direction perpendicular to the main surface 151 of the substrate 108 was set to 4 mm. The direction of the short side of the optical element 102 and the short axis of the light-emitting part 132 were set to be parallel (direction D1), and the direction of the long side of the optical element 102 and the long axis of the light-emitting part 132 were set to be parallel (direction D2).

[0072] Comparative Example 1 A comparative example light-emitting device was created with the same configuration as the light-emitting device 100 described in Example 1, except that the shape of the opening for exposing the electrode 109 was made circular with a radius of 1.2 μm. Comparing the area of ​​the light-emitting section 132 of the light-emitting device 100 of Example 1 and the light-emitting device of Comparative Example 1, the area of ​​the light-emitting section 132 of Comparative Example 1 is twice as large.

[0073] In the light-emitting device 100 of Example 1 and the light-emitting device of Comparative Example 1, when the amount of light transmitted through the optical member 102 was the same, the power consumption of the light-emitting device of Comparative Example 1 was 1.95 times that of the light-emitting device 100 of Example 1. The light-emitting device 100 having the configuration of this example was able to reduce power consumption compared to the light-emitting device of the Comparative Example.

[0074] Example 2 In the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the light-emitting device 100 of Example 2 was constructed with the same configuration as the light-emitting device 100 described in Example 1, except that the shape of the outer edge of the lens 117 was a square with sides of 4 μm. In this example, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the outer edge 145 of the lens 117 and the outer edge of the unit pixel 133 coincide.

[0075] In the light-emitting device 100 of Example 2 and the light-emitting device 100 of Example 1, when the amount of light transmitted through the optical member 102 was the same, the power consumption of the light-emitting device 100 of Example 2 was 0.80 times that of the light-emitting device 100 of Example 1. Power consumption could be further reduced by increasing the area of ​​the lens 117 in the unit pixel 133.

[0076] Comparative Example 2 In the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the light-emitting device of Comparative Example 2 was constructed with the same configuration as the light-emitting device described in Comparative Example 1, except that the shape of the outer edge 145 of the lens 117 was a square with sides of 4 μm. In this comparative example, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface 151 of the substrate 108, the outer edge 145 of the lens 117 and the outer edge of the unit pixel 133 coincide.

[0077] In the light-emitting device of Comparative Example 2 and the light-emitting device 100 of Example 1 described above, when the amount of light transmitted through the optical member 102 was the same, the power consumption of the light-emitting device of Comparative Example 2 was 1.56 times that of the light-emitting device 100 of Example 1. Therefore, appropriately adjusting the shape of the light-emitting section 132 makes it possible to effectively reduce the power consumption of the light-emitting device 100.

[0078] Here, examples of applications of the light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment applied to image forming apparatuses, display devices, photoelectric converters, electronic devices, lighting devices, mobile devices, and wearable devices will be explained using Figures 11(a), 11(b) to 18(a), 18(b).

[0079] Figures 11(a) to 11(c) are schematic diagrams showing an example of an image forming apparatus using the light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment. The image forming apparatus 926 shown in Figure 11(a) includes a photoreceptor 927, an exposure light source 928, a developing unit 931, a charging unit 930, a transfer unit 932, a transport unit 933 (transport rollers in the configuration of Figure 11(a)), and a fuser 935.

[0080] Light 929 is irradiated from the exposure light source 928, and an electrostatic latent image is formed on the surface of the photoreceptor 927. The light-emitting device 100 can be applied to this exposure light source 928. The developing unit 931 contains toner or the like as a developer and can function as a developer that applies the developer to the exposed photoreceptor 927. The charging unit 930 charges the photoreceptor 927. The transfer unit 932 transfers the developed image to the recording medium 934. The transport unit 933 transports the recording medium 934. The recording medium 934 may be, for example, paper or film. The fuser unit 935 fixes the image formed on the recording medium.

[0081] Figures 11(b) and 11(c) are schematic diagrams showing how multiple light-emitting units 936 are arranged along the longitudinal direction on a long substrate with an exposure light source 928. The light-emitting device 100 can be applied to these light-emitting units 936. That is, multiple light-emitting elements 101 (unit pixels 133) are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the substrate. Direction 937 is parallel to the axis of the photoreceptor 927. This column direction is the same as the direction of the axis when the photoreceptor 927 rotates. This direction 937 can also be called the longitudinal axis direction of the photoreceptor 927.

[0082] Figure 11(b) shows a configuration in which the light-emitting units 936 are arranged along the long axis of the photoreceptor 927. Figure 11(c) is a modified example of the arrangement of the light-emitting units 936 shown in Figure 11(b), in which the light-emitting units 936 are arranged alternately in the column direction in the first and second columns. In the first and second columns, the light-emitting units 936 are arranged at different positions in the row direction. In the first column, multiple light-emitting units 936 are arranged at intervals, and in the second column, light-emitting units 936 are arranged at positions corresponding to the gaps between the light-emitting units 936 in the first column. Also, multiple light-emitting units 936 are arranged at intervals in the row direction. The arrangement of the light-emitting units 936 shown in Figure 11(c) can also be described as a grid arrangement, a houndstooth arrangement, or a checkerboard pattern.

[0083] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a display device using the light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment. The display device 1000 may have a touch panel 1003, a display panel 1005, a frame 1006, a circuit board 1007, and a battery 1008 between an upper cover 1001 and a lower cover 1009. Flexible printed circuits FPCs 1002 and 1004 are connected to the touch panel 1003 and the display panel 1005. Active elements such as transistors are arranged on the circuit board 1007. The battery 1008 does not need to be provided if the display device 1000 is not a portable device, and even if it is a portable device, it does not need to be provided in this position. The light-emitting device 100 can be applied to the display panel 1005. The light-emitting element 101 (unit pixel 133) arranged on the light-emitting device 100 which functions as a display panel 1005 is connected to and operates a control circuit including active elements such as transistors arranged on the circuit board 1007.

[0084] The display device 1000 shown in Figure 12 may be used in the display unit of a photoelectric conversion device (also called an imaging device) which has an optical unit with multiple lenses and an image sensor that receives light passing through the optical unit and converts it into an electrical signal. The photoelectric conversion device may have a display unit that displays information acquired by the image sensor. The display unit may be an external display unit of the photoelectric conversion device or a display unit located inside the viewfinder. The photoelectric conversion device may be a digital camera or a digital video camera.

[0085] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a photoelectric converter using the light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment. The photoelectric converter 1100 may have a viewfinder 1101, a rear display 1102, an operating unit 1103, and a housing 1104. The photoelectric converter 1100 may also be called an imaging device. The light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment can be applied to the display unit, which is the viewfinder 1101 or the rear display 1102. In this case, the light-emitting device 100 may display not only the image to be captured, but also environmental information, imaging instructions, etc. Environmental information may include the intensity of ambient light, the direction of ambient light, the speed at which the subject is moving, and the possibility that the subject may be obscured by an obstacle.

[0086] Since the optimal timing for imaging is often very short, it is desirable to display information as quickly as possible. Therefore, a light-emitting device 100, which is equipped with light-emitting elements 101 (unit pixels 133) made of organic light-emitting materials such as organic EL elements, may be used in the viewfinder 1101 and the rear display 1102. This is because organic light-emitting materials have a fast response speed. A light-emitting device 100 using organic light-emitting materials is more suitable than a liquid crystal display device for these devices where display speed is required.

[0087] The photoelectric converter 1100 has an optical section (not shown). The optical section has multiple lenses, and the light that passes through the optical section is imaged onto a photoelectric converter element (not shown) housed in a light-receiving housing 1104. The focus can be adjusted by adjusting the relative positions of the multiple lenses. This operation can also be performed automatically.

[0088] The light-emitting device 100 may be applied to the display section of an electronic device. In that case, it may have both a display function and an operating function. Examples of portable terminals include mobile phones such as smartphones, tablets, and head-mounted displays.

[0089] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an electronic device using the light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment. The electronic device 1200 has a display unit 1201, an operation unit 1202, and a housing 1203. The housing 1203 may have a circuit, a printed circuit board having the circuit, a battery, and a communication unit. The operation unit 1202 may be a button or a touch panel type response unit. The operation unit 1202 may also be a biometric recognition unit that recognizes fingerprints to unlock or otherwise perform actions. A portable device having a communication unit can also be called a communication device. The light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment can be applied to the display unit 1201.

[0090] Figures 15(a) and 15(b) are schematic diagrams showing an example of a display device using the light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment. Figure 15(a) is a display device such as a television monitor or a PC monitor. The display device 1300 has a frame 1301 and a display unit 1302. The light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment can be applied to the display unit 1302. The display device 1300 may also have a base 1303 that supports the frame 1301 and the display unit 1302. The base 1303 is not limited to the form shown in Figure 15(a). For example, the lower edge of the frame 1301 may also serve as the base 1303. Also, the frame 1301 and the display unit 1302 may be curved. The radius of curvature may be 5000 mm or more and 6000 mm or less.

[0091] Figure 15(b) is a schematic diagram showing another example of a display device using the light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment. The display device 1310 in Figure 15(b) is configured to be foldable and is a so-called foldable display device. The display device 1310 has a first display unit 1311, a second display unit 1312, a housing 1313, and a bending point 1314. The light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment can be applied to the first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 may be a single display device without seams. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 can be separated by a bending point. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 may each display different images, or they may display a single image together.

[0092] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a lighting device using the light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment. The lighting device 1400 may include a housing 1401, a light source 1402, a circuit board 1403, an optical film 1404, and a light diffusion unit 1405. The light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment can be applied to the light source 1402. The optical film 1404 may be a filter that improves the color rendering of the light source. The light diffusion unit 1405 can effectively diffuse the light from the light source, such as for lighting up, and deliver light over a wide area. A cover may be provided on the outermost part if necessary. The lighting device 1400 may have both the optical film 1404 and the light diffusion unit 1405, or it may have only one of them.

[0093] The lighting device 1400 is, for example, a device for illuminating a room. The lighting device 1400 may emit white light, daylight white light, or any other color from blue to red. It may have a dimming circuit for adjusting the brightness of these colors. The lighting device 1400 may have a power supply circuit connected to the light-emitting device 100, which functions as a light source 1402. The power supply circuit is a circuit that converts AC voltage to DC voltage. White light has a color temperature of 4200K, and daylight white light has a color temperature of 5000K. The lighting device 1400 may also have a color filter. The lighting device 1400 may also have a heat dissipation section. The heat dissipation section releases heat from inside the device to the outside, and examples include metals with high specific heat and liquid silicon.

[0094] Figure 17(a) is a schematic diagram of an automobile having a taillight, which is an example of a vehicle light fixture using the light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment. The automobile 1500 may have a taillight 1501, and the taillight 1501 may be illuminated when the brakes are applied or otherwise. The light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment may also be used as a headlight for a vehicle.

[0095] The light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment can be applied to the tail lamp 1501. The tail lamp 1501 may have a protective member to protect the light-emitting device 100 that functions as a tail lamp 1501. The protective member can be made of any material as long as it has a reasonably high strength and is transparent, but it may be made of polycarbonate or the like. The protective member may also be made of polycarbonate mixed with a frangic acid derivative, an acrylonitrile derivative, or the like.

[0096] The automobile 1500 may have a body 1503 and windows 1502 attached thereto. The windows may be for checking the front and rear of the automobile, or they may be transparent displays such as head-up displays. The light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment may be used for such transparent displays. In this case, the constituent materials such as electrodes of the light-emitting device 100 are made of transparent materials.

[0097] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 17(b), the automobile 1500 may also be equipped with a steering wheel 1504 for controlling the direction of movement of the moving body (automobile), a display unit 1505 mounted on the vehicle body 1503 that displays a map, the position of the moving body, the direction of turns, the view behind the moving body, etc. The light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment can be applied to the display unit 1505.

[0098] The automobile 1500 is an example of a mobile body, and the mobile body according to this embodiment includes a drive force generating unit that generates a driving force mainly used for the movement of the mobile body, and one or both of a rotating body mainly used for the movement of the mobile body. The drive force generating unit may be an engine, a motor, etc. The rotating body may be a tire, a wheel, a ship's propeller, an aircraft's propeller or fan, etc. Specifically, the mobile body may be a bicycle, an automobile, a train, a ship, an aircraft, a drone, etc. The mobile body may have a body and a light fixture installed thereon. The light fixture may indicate the current position of the body. The light fixture may have the light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment. The display unit may also have the light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment.

[0099] Further application examples of the light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 18(a) and 18(b). The light-emitting device 100 can be applied to systems that can be worn as wearable devices such as smart glasses, head-mounted displays (HMDs), and smart contact lenses. The imaging display device used in such application examples has an imaging device capable of photoelectric conversion of visible light and a light-emitting device capable of emitting visible light.

[0100] Figure 18(a) illustrates a pair of glasses 1600 (smart glasses) according to one application example. An imaging device 1602, such as a CMOS sensor or SPAD, is provided on the front surface of the lens 1601 of the glasses 1600. In addition, the light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment is provided on the back surface of the lens 1601.

[0101] The eyeglasses 1600 further include a control device 1603. The control device 1603 functions as a power supply that provides power to the imaging device 1602 and the light-emitting device 100 according to each embodiment. The control device 1603 also controls the operation of the imaging device 1602 and the light-emitting device 100. The lens 1601 has an optical system formed therein for focusing light onto the imaging device 1602.

[0102] Figure 18(b) illustrates a pair of glasses 1610 (smart glasses) according to one application example. The glasses 1610 have a control device 1612, which is equipped with an imaging device equivalent to an imaging device 1602 and a light-emitting device 100. The lens 1611 has an optical system formed to project the light emitted from the imaging device and the light-emitting device 100 within the control device 1612, and an image is projected onto the lens 1611. The control device 1612 functions as a power supply to provide power to the imaging device and the light-emitting device 100, and also controls the operation of the imaging device and the light-emitting device 100. The control device 1612 may have a gaze detection unit that detects the wearer's gaze. Gaze detection may use infrared light. The infrared light-emitting unit emits infrared light towards the eyeball of the user who is gazing at the displayed image. The imaging unit, which has a photodetector, detects the reflected light from the eyeball of the emitted infrared light, thereby obtaining an image of the eyeball. By having a reduction mechanism that reduces the amount of light transmitted from the infrared light-emitting part to the display part in a planar view, the degradation of image quality is reduced.

[0103] The user's gaze towards a displayed image is detected from an image of the eyeball obtained by imaging with infrared light. Any known method can be applied to gaze detection using an image of the eyeball. As an example, a gaze detection method based on the Purkinje image obtained by the reflection of the irradiated light from the cornea can be used.

[0104] More specifically, gaze detection processing is performed based on the pupil-corneal reflection method. Using the pupil-corneal reflection method, a gaze vector representing the orientation (rotation angle) of the eyeball is calculated based on the pupil image and Purkinje image contained in the captured image of the eyeball, thereby detecting the user's gaze.

[0105] The light-emitting device 100 according to the embodiment of this disclosure includes an imaging device having a light-receiving element, and may control the displayed image based on the user's line of sight information from the imaging device.

[0106] Specifically, the light-emitting device 100 determines a first field of view area that the user is fixated on, and a second field of view area other than the first field of view area, based on gaze information. The first and second field of view areas may be determined by the control device of the light-emitting device 100, or they may be determined by an external control device and received by the device. In the display area of ​​the light-emitting device 100, the display resolution of the first field of view area may be controlled to be higher than the display resolution of the second field of view area. In other words, the resolution of the second field of view area may be lower than that of the first field of view area.

[0107] Furthermore, the display area has a first display area and a second display area different from the first display area, and based on gaze information, the area with higher priority is determined from the first display area and the second display area. The first display area and the second display area may be determined by the control device of the light-emitting device 100, or they may be determined by an external control device and received. The resolution of the high-priority area may be controlled to be higher than the resolution of the areas other than the high-priority area. In other words, the resolution of the area with relatively lower priority may be lowered.

[0108] AI may be used to determine the first field of view area and high-priority areas. The AI ​​may be a model configured to estimate the angle of line of sight and the distance to the target object at the end of the line of sight from the image of the eye, using the image of the eye and the direction the eye was actually looking in the image as training data. The AI ​​program may be owned by the light-emitting device 100, the imaging device, or an external device. If it is owned by an external device, it is transmitted to the light-emitting device 100 via communication.

[0109] When display control is based on visual detection, this can be applied to smart glasses that also have an imaging device for capturing images of the surrounding environment. The smart glasses can display the captured external information in real time.

[0110] The disclosures herein include the following light-emitting devices, image-forming devices, display devices, photoelectric converters, electronic devices, and wearable devices.

[0111] (Item 1) A light-emitting device comprising a substrate, a light-emitting element including a light-emitting part disposed on the main surface of the substrate and a lens disposed on the light-emitting part, The light-emitting element is further provided with an optical member into which light transmitted through the lens is incident. In the orthogonal projection onto the principal surface, the length of the optical member in the first direction is shorter than the length of the optical member in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction. In a virtual cross-section passing through the vertex of the lens, along the normal direction of the main surface and the first direction, the light beam emitted from the light-emitting portion and transmitted through the lens includes light rays incident on one end and the other end of the optical member in the first direction. A light-emitting device characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the light-emitting portion in the first direction is shorter than the length of the light-emitting portion in the second direction.

[0112] (Item 2) The light-emitting device according to item 1, characterized in that the optical component includes an erect, 1:1 magnification lens array.

[0113] (Item 3) The light-emitting device according to item 1 or 2, characterized in that the distance in the normal direction between the optical element and the vertex of the lens is greater than the distance in the normal direction between the vertex of the lens and the light-emitting part.

[0114] (Item 4) In the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the optical member passing through the center of the optical member is minimized in the first direction. The light-emitting device according to any one of items 1 to 3, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the light-emitting portion passing through the center of the light-emitting portion is the minimum value in the first direction.

[0115] (Item 5) The light-emitting device according to any one of items 1 to 4, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is not similar to the shape of the outer edge of the unit pixel including the light-emitting portion.

[0116] (Item 6) The light-emitting device according to any one of items 1 to 5, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting part is not similar to the shape of the outer edge of the lens.

[0117] (Item 7) The light-emitting device according to any one of items 1 to 6, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is a line-symmetric shape having two axes of symmetry: an axis of symmetry parallel to the first direction and an axis of symmetry parallel to the second direction.

[0118] (Item 8) A light-emitting device according to any one of items 1 to 7, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting part is 2 rotationally symmetric and does not have 3 or more rotational symmetries.

[0119] (Item 9) A light-emitting device according to any one of items 1 to 8, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the difference between the length of the lens in the first direction and the length of the light-emitting unit in the first direction is greater than the difference between the length of the lens in the second direction and the length of the light-emitting unit in the second direction.

[0120] (Item 10) The light-emitting device according to any one of items 1 to 9, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the principal surface, the vertex of the lens is positioned at a first distance from the center of the light-emitting portion in one direction of the first direction.

[0121] (Item 11) The light-emitting device according to item 10, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the center of the optical member in the first direction is located at a second distance greater than the first distance from the center of the light-emitting portion in one direction.

[0122] (Item 12) The main surface is further provided with a pad that is arranged on the main surface and electrically connected to the light-emitting portion, The light-emitting device according to item 10 or 11, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the center of the pad is located at a third distance greater than the first distance from the center of the light-emitting portion in the other direction of the first direction.

[0123] (Item 13) A light-emitting device comprising a substrate, a light-emitting element including a light-emitting part disposed on the main surface of the substrate and a lens disposed on the light-emitting part, The light-emitting element is further provided with an optical member into which light transmitted through the lens is incident. The upper surface of the lens has a convex shape toward the optical element. In the orthogonal projection onto the principal surface, the length of the optical member in the first direction is shorter than the length of the optical member in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction. A light-emitting device characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the light-emitting portion in the first direction is shorter than the length of the light-emitting portion in the second direction.

[0124] (Item 14) The light-emitting device according to item 12, characterized in that the optical component includes an erect, 1:1 magnification lens array.

[0125] (Item 15) The light-emitting device according to item 13 or 14, characterized in that the distance in the normal direction of the main surface between the optical element and the vertex of the lens is greater than the distance in the normal direction between the vertex of the lens and the light-emitting part.

[0126] (Item 16) In the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the optical member passing through the center of the optical member is minimized in the first direction. The light-emitting device according to any one of items 13 to 15, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the light-emitting portion passing through the center of the light-emitting portion is the minimum value in the first direction.

[0127] (Item 17) The light-emitting device according to any one of items 13 to 16, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is not similar to the shape of the outer edge of the unit pixel including the light-emitting portion.

[0128] (Item 18) A light-emitting device according to any one of items 13 to 17, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting part is not similar to the shape of the outer edge of the lens.

[0129] (Item 19) The light-emitting device according to any one of items 13 to 18, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is a line-symmetric shape having two axes of symmetry: an axis of symmetry parallel to the first direction and an axis of symmetry parallel to the second direction.

[0130] (Item 20) A light-emitting device according to any one of items 13 to 19, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting part is 2-fold rotationally symmetric and does not have 3-fold or more rotational symmetry.

[0131] (Item 21) A light-emitting device according to any one of items 13 to 20, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the difference between the length of the lens in the first direction and the length of the light-emitting unit in the first direction is greater than the difference between the length of the lens in the second direction and the length of the light-emitting unit in the second direction.

[0132] (Item 22) The light-emitting device according to any one of items 13 to 21, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the principal surface, the vertex of the lens is positioned at a first distance from the center of the light-emitting portion in one direction of the first direction.

[0133] (Item 23) The light-emitting device according to item 22, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the center of the optical member in the first direction is located at a second distance greater than the first distance from the center of the light-emitting portion in one direction.

[0134] (Item 24) The main surface is further provided with a pad that is arranged on the main surface and electrically connected to the light-emitting portion, The light-emitting device according to item 22 or 23, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the center of the pad is located at a third distance greater than the first distance from the center of the light-emitting portion in the other direction of the first direction.

[0135] (Item 25) A light-emitting device comprising a substrate and a plurality of light-emitting elements disposed on the main surface of the substrate, each including one light-emitting element and one lens arranged to correspond to the light-emitting element, In the orthogonal projection onto the principal surface, The center of the light-emitting part is positioned to overlap with the corresponding lens. The length of the light-emitting portion in the first direction is shorter than the length of the light-emitting portion in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction. When d1 is the shortest distance between the centers of adjacent light-emitting parts among the plurality of light-emitting elements, and d2 is the maximum distance from the center to the outer edge of the lens, d1 / 2 < d2 A light-emitting device characterized by satisfying the following relationship.

[0136] (Item 26) The light-emitting device according to item 25, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the difference between the length of the lens in the first direction and the length of the light-emitting unit in the first direction is greater than the difference between the length of the lens in the second direction and the length of the light-emitting unit in the second direction.

[0137] (Item 27) The light-emitting device according to item 25 or 26, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is not similar to the shape of the outer edge of the unit pixel including the light-emitting portion.

[0138] (Item 28) A light-emitting device according to any one of items 25 to 27, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting part is not similar to the shape of the outer edge of the lens.

[0139] (Item 29) The light-emitting device according to any one of items 25 to 28, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is a line-symmetric shape having two axes of symmetry: an axis of symmetry parallel to the first direction and an axis of symmetry parallel to the second direction.

[0140] (Item 30) A light-emitting device according to any one of items 25 to 29, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting part is 2-fold rotationally symmetric and does not have 3-fold or more rotational symmetry.

[0141] (Item 31) The light extraction side of the plurality of light-emitting elements is further provided with an optical member into which light transmitted through the lens is incident, A light-emitting device according to any one of items 25 to 30, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the optical member in the first direction is shorter than the length of the optical member in the second direction.

[0142] (Item 32) The light-emitting device according to item 31, characterized in that, in a virtual cross-section passing through the vertex of the lens along the normal direction of the main surface and the first direction, the light beam emitted from the light-emitting portion and transmitted through the lens includes light rays incident on one end and the other end of the optical member in the first direction.

[0143] (Item 33) The device comprises a photoreceptor, an exposure light source for exposing the photoreceptor, a developer for applying a developer to the exposed photoreceptor, and a transfer unit for transferring the image developed in the developer to a recording medium. An image forming apparatus characterized in that the exposure light source has a light-emitting device described in any one of items 1 to 32.

[0144] (Item 34) A display device comprising a light-emitting device described in any one of items 1 to 32, and a control circuit connected to the light-emitting device.

[0145] (Item 35) It comprises an optical unit having multiple lenses, an image sensor that receives light that has passed through the optical unit, and a display unit that displays an image. The photoelectric conversion device is characterized in that the display unit has a light-emitting device described in any one of items 1 to 32.

[0146] (Item 36) It comprises a housing on which a display unit is provided, and a communication unit provided in the housing for communicating with the outside, The display unit is an electronic device characterized by having a light-emitting device described in any one of items 1 to 32.

[0147] (Item 37) A wearable device having a display device for displaying images, The aforementioned display device is a wearable device characterized by having a light-emitting device described in any one of items 1 to 32.

[0148] The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications and variations are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, claims are attached to disclose the scope of the invention. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0149] 100: Photoelectric converter, 101: Light-emitting element, 102: Optical component, 108: Substrate, 117: Lens, 132: Light-emitting part

Claims

1. A light-emitting device comprising a substrate, a light-emitting element including a light-emitting part disposed on the main surface of the substrate and a lens disposed on the light-emitting part, The light-emitting element is further provided with an optical member into which light transmitted through the lens is incident. In the orthogonal projection onto the principal surface, the length of the optical member in the first direction is shorter than the length of the optical member in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction. In a virtual cross-section passing through the vertex of the lens, along the normal direction of the main surface and the first direction, the light beam emitted from the light-emitting portion and transmitted through the lens includes light rays incident on one end and the other end of the optical member in the first direction. A light-emitting device characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the light-emitting portion in the first direction is shorter than the length of the light-emitting portion in the second direction.

2. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical component includes an erect, 1:1 magnification lens array.

3. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance in the normal direction between the optical element and the vertex of the lens is greater than the distance in the normal direction between the vertex of the lens and the light-emitting part.

4. In the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the optical member passing through the center of the optical member is minimized in the first direction. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the light-emitting portion passing through the center of the light-emitting portion is the minimum value in the first direction.

5. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is not similar to the shape of the outer edge of the unit pixel including the light-emitting portion.

6. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is not similar to the shape of the outer edge of the lens.

7. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion has a line-symmetric shape having two axes of symmetry: an axis of symmetry parallel to the first direction and an axis of symmetry parallel to the second direction.

8. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is 2 rotationally symmetric and does not have 3 or more rotational symmetries.

9. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the difference between the length of the lens in the first direction and the length of the light-emitting portion in the first direction is greater than the difference between the length of the lens in the second direction and the length of the light-emitting portion in the second direction.

10. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the vertex of the lens is positioned at a first distance from the center of the light-emitting portion in one of the first directions.

11. The light-emitting device according to claim 10, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the center of the optical member in the first direction is located at a second distance greater than the first distance from the center of the light-emitting portion in one direction.

12. The main surface is further provided with a pad that is arranged on the main surface and electrically connected to the light-emitting portion, The light-emitting device according to claim 10, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the center of the pad is located at a third distance greater than the first distance from the center of the light-emitting portion in the other direction of the first direction.

13. A light-emitting device comprising a substrate, a light-emitting element including a light-emitting part disposed on the main surface of the substrate and a lens disposed on the light-emitting part, The light-emitting element is further provided with an optical member into which light transmitted through the lens is incident. The upper surface of the lens has a convex shape toward the optical element. In the orthogonal projection onto the principal surface, the length of the optical member in the first direction is shorter than the length of the optical member in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction. A light-emitting device characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the light-emitting portion in the first direction is shorter than the length of the light-emitting portion in the second direction.

14. The light-emitting device according to claim 13, characterized in that the optical component includes an erect, 1:1 magnification lens array.

15. The light-emitting device according to claim 13, characterized in that the distance in the normal direction of the main surface between the optical element and the vertex of the lens is greater than the distance in the normal direction between the vertex of the lens and the light-emitting portion.

16. In the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the optical member passing through the center of the optical member is minimized in the first direction. The light-emitting device according to claim 13, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the light-emitting portion passing through the center of the light-emitting portion is the minimum value in the first direction.

17. The light-emitting device according to claim 13, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is not similar to the shape of the outer edge of the unit pixel including the light-emitting portion.

18. The light-emitting device according to claim 13, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is not similar to the shape of the outer edge of the lens.

19. The light-emitting device according to claim 13, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion has a line-symmetric shape having two axes of symmetry: an axis of symmetry parallel to the first direction and an axis of symmetry parallel to the second direction.

20. The light-emitting device according to claim 13, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is 2 rotationally symmetric and does not have 3 or more rotational symmetries.

21. The light-emitting device according to claim 13, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the difference between the length of the lens in the first direction and the length of the light-emitting portion in the first direction is greater than the difference between the length of the lens in the second direction and the length of the light-emitting portion in the second direction.

22. The light-emitting device according to claim 13, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the vertex of the lens is positioned at a first distance from the center of the light-emitting portion in one of the first directions.

23. The light-emitting device according to claim 22, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the center of the optical member in the first direction is located at a second distance greater than the first distance from the center of the light-emitting portion in one direction.

24. The main surface is further provided with a pad that is arranged on the main surface and electrically connected to the light-emitting portion, The light-emitting device according to claim 22, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the center of the pad is located at a third distance greater than the first distance from the center of the light-emitting portion in the other direction of the first direction.

25. A light-emitting device comprising a substrate and a plurality of light-emitting elements disposed on the main surface of the substrate, each including one light-emitting part and one lens arranged to correspond to the light-emitting part, In the orthogonal projection onto the principal surface, The center of the light-emitting part is positioned to overlap with the corresponding lens. The length of the light-emitting portion in the first direction is shorter than the length of the light-emitting portion in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction. When d1 is the shortest distance between the centers of light-emitting parts of adjacent light-emitting elements among the plurality of light-emitting elements, and d2 is the maximum distance from the center of the lens to the outer edge of the lens, d1 / 2 < d2 A light-emitting device characterized by satisfying the following relationship.

26. The light-emitting device according to claim 25, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the difference between the length of the lens in the first direction and the length of the light-emitting portion in the first direction is greater than the difference between the length of the lens in the second direction and the length of the light-emitting portion in the second direction.

27. The light-emitting device according to claim 25, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is not similar to the shape of the outer edge of the unit pixel including the light-emitting portion.

28. The light-emitting device according to claim 25, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is not similar to the shape of the outer edge of the lens.

29. The light-emitting device according to claim 25, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is a line-symmetric shape having two axes of symmetry: an axis of symmetry parallel to the first direction and an axis of symmetry parallel to the second direction.

30. The light-emitting device according to claim 25, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the shape of the outer edge of the light-emitting portion is 2 rotationally symmetric and does not have 3 or more rotational symmetries.

31. The light extraction side of the plurality of light-emitting elements is further provided with an optical member into which light transmitted through the lens is incident, The light-emitting device according to claim 25, characterized in that, in the orthogonal projection onto the main surface, the length of the optical member in the first direction is shorter than the length of the optical member in the second direction.

32. The light-emitting device according to claim 31, characterized in that, in a virtual cross-section passing through the vertex of the lens along the normal direction of the main surface and the first direction, the light beam emitted from the light-emitting portion and transmitted through the lens includes light rays incident on one end and the other end of the optical member in the first direction.

33. The device comprises a photoreceptor, an exposure light source for exposing the photoreceptor, a developer for applying a developer to the exposed photoreceptor, and a transfer unit for transferring the image developed in the developer to a recording medium. An image forming apparatus characterized in that the exposure light source has a light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 32.

34. A display device comprising a light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 32, and a control circuit connected to the light-emitting device.

35. It comprises an optical unit having multiple lenses, an image sensor that receives light that has passed through the optical unit, and a display unit that displays an image. The photoelectric conversion device is characterized in that the display unit has a light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 32.

36. It comprises a housing on which a display unit is provided, and a communication unit provided in the housing for communicating with the outside, The display unit is an electronic device characterized by having a light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 32.

37. A wearable device having a display device for displaying images, The wearable device is characterized in that the display device has a light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 32.

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