Piping system, piping components, and protruding components

Abstract

The present invention provides a piping system, straight pipe members, and protruding members that reduce fluid loss. [Solution] The piping system comprises a rectangular straight pipe member connected to the downstream end of a bent member and having first and second inner surfaces with planar shapes corresponding to the inner and outer circumferences of the bent member, respectively, and a projection member having a top between the first and second ends that minimizes the flow path cross-sectional area of ​​the straight pipe member, and positioned on the first inner surface such that the first end is located at the downstream end of the bent member. In a first direction along the central axis of the straight pipe member, if the distance between the first and second ends is L and the distance between the first end and the top is L1, then 0.05L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.4L, the maximum inner dimension A of the straight pipe member is 0.3A ≤ L ≤ 2A, and is the larger of the inner dimension B in the second direction where the first and second inner surfaces face each other and the inner dimension C in the third direction perpendicular to the first and second directions, the height h at the top is 0.1B ≤ h ≤ 0.5B, and the width w of the projection member is 0.8C ≤ w ≤ C.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a piping system, a piping member, and a projection member.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a silencer. The silencer disclosed in Patent Document 1 is characterized in that a guide block having a semicircular cross-sectional shape and a sound absorbing function is arranged on an inner peripheral surface on an inner downstream side of a bent portion of a duct.

Prior Art Literature

Patent Literature

[0003]

Patent Literature 1

Summary of Invention

Problem to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] With the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1, fluid loss is relatively large.

[0005] The present disclosure provides a piping system, a piping member, and a projection member that can reduce fluid loss.

Means for Solving the Problem

[0006] A piping system according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a piping system used for transporting fluids, comprising: a rectangular bend member for changing the direction of a flow path; a rectangular straight pipe member connected to the downstream end of the bend member and having first and second inner surfaces with planar shapes corresponding to the inner and outer circumferences of the bend member, respectively; and a projection member having a first end facing the bend member and a second end facing away from the bend member, with the first end located at the downstream end of the bend member, the projection member having a top between the first and second ends that minimizes the flow path cross-sectional area of ​​the straight pipe member, and along the central axis of the straight pipe member. If we define the direction as the first direction, and the distance between the first and second ends in the first direction as L, and the distance between the first end and the top in the first direction as L1, then 0.05L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.4L. If we define the maximum inner dimension of the straight pipe member as A, then 0.3A ≤ L ≤ 2A. If we define the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the second direction where the first and second inner surfaces face each other as B, and the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the third direction which is perpendicular to the first and second directions respectively as C, then A is the larger of B and C. If we define the height at the top of the projection member as h, then 0.1B ≤ h ≤ 0.5B. If we define the width of the projection member as w, then 0.8C ≤ w ≤ C.

[0007] A piping member according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a piping member that constitutes part of a piping system used for transporting fluids, and comprises: a rectangular straight pipe member connected to the downstream end of a rectangular bending member that changes the direction of a flow path, and having first and second inner surfaces with planar shapes corresponding to the inner and outer circumferences of the bending member, respectively; and a projection member having a first end facing the bending member and a second end facing away from the bending member, and positioned on the first inner surface of the straight pipe member such that the first end is located at the downstream end of the bending member, wherein the projection member has a top between the first end and the second end that minimizes the flow path cross-sectional area of ​​the straight pipe member, and the direction along the central axis of the straight pipe member is the first direction. If L is the distance between the first and second ends in the first direction, and L1 is the distance between the first end and the top in the first direction, then 0.05L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.4L. If A is the maximum inner dimension of the straight pipe member, then 0.3A ≤ L ≤ 2A. If B is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the second direction where the first and second inner surfaces face each other, and C is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the third direction which is perpendicular to the first and second directions, then A is the larger of B and C. If h is the height at the top of the projection member, then 0.1B ≤ h ≤ 0.5B. If w is the width of the projection member, then 0.8C ≤ w ≤ C. If Lp is the length of the straight pipe member, then L ≤ Lp ≤ 3L.

[0008] A projection member according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a projection member disposed on the inner surface of a rectangular straight pipe member, connected to the downstream end of a rectangular bending member that changes the direction of a flow path, wherein the straight pipe member has first and second inner surfaces of planar shape corresponding to the inner and outer surfaces of the bending member, respectively, and the projection member has a first end directed toward the bending member and a second end directed toward the opposite side of the bending member, the first end being positioned on the first inner surface of the straight pipe member such that it is located at the downstream end of the bending member, and between the first end and the second end, there is a top portion that minimizes the flow path cross-sectional area of ​​the straight pipe member, and the direction along the central axis of the straight pipe member is a first direction and If L is the distance between the first end and the second end in the first direction, and L1 is the distance between the first end and the top in the first direction, then 0.05L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.4L. If A is the maximum inner dimension of the straight pipe member, then 0.3A ≤ L ≤ 2A. If B is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the second direction where the first and second inner surfaces face each other, and C is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the third direction which is perpendicular to the first and second directions, then A is the larger of B and C. If h is the height at the top of the projection member, then 0.1B ≤ h ≤ 0.5B. If w is the width of the projection member, then 0.8C ≤ w ≤ C. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] Aspects of this disclosure can reduce fluid loss. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0010] [Figure 1] Perspective view of a piping component of a piping system according to one embodiment. [Figure 2] Exploded perspective view of the piping components of the piping system according to the above embodiment. [Figure 3] Cross-sectional view of a piping member of the piping system according to the above embodiment. [Figure 4] Figure 3: Cross-sectional view of line DD [Figure 5] A cross-sectional view showing a portion of the piping member according to the above embodiment, with a part of it cut out. [Figure 6] Figure 3: Cross-sectional view of the EE line [Figure 7]Cross-sectional view of a piping component of a piping system according to modified example 1. [Figure 8] Cross-sectional view showing a portion of the piping member in modified example 1 with a section cut out. [Figure 9] Another cross-sectional view of the piping components of the piping system according to Modified Example 1 [Figure 10] Cross-sectional view of the piping components of the piping system according to modified example 2. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0011] The embodiments will be described in detail below, with reference to the drawings as appropriate. However, unnecessary details may be omitted. For example, detailed explanations of already well-known matters or redundant explanations of substantially identical configurations may be omitted. This is to avoid the following explanation becoming unnecessarily verbose and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. The inventors provide the accompanying drawings and the following explanation so that those skilled in the art can fully understand this disclosure, and do not intend to limit the subject matter described in the claims by means of these.

[0012] Unless otherwise specified, the positional relationships, such as up, down, left, and right, shall be based on the positional relationships shown in the drawings. The figures described in the following embodiments are schematic diagrams, and the ratios of the size and thickness of each component in each figure do not necessarily reflect the actual dimensional ratios. Furthermore, the dimensional ratios of each element are not limited to those shown in the drawings.

[0013] In the following explanation, when it is necessary to distinguish between multiple components, prefixes such as "1st," "2nd," etc., will be added to the names of the components. However, if the components can be distinguished from each other by the symbols attached to them, prefixes such as "1st," "2nd," etc., may be omitted for the sake of readability.

[0014] [1. Embodiments] [1.1. Structure] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a piping member of piping system 1 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the piping member of piping system 1 according to the present embodiment. Piping system 1 is a piping system for conveying a fluid having a Reynolds number of 4000 or more. It can be said that a fluid having a Reynolds number of 4000 or more is a fluid in which the flow in a cylinder becomes turbulent. Examples of the fluid include liquids (drinking water, heat source water, drainage, oil, etc.), gases (air, steam, etc.), and gas-liquid two-phase flow (mixture of liquid and gas). In the present embodiment, piping system 1 constitutes a part of a gas flow path for ventilation. Piping system 1 is applied to, for example, an intake / exhaust system of a prime mover, a flue, a chimney, and the like.

[0015] Piping system 1 includes straight pipe members 2 and 3, a bending member 4, and a protruding member 5.

[0016] Straight pipe member 2 defines a flow path. Straight pipe member 2 is used for conveying a fluid. Straight pipe member 2 has a straight tubular shape. A cross section orthogonal to central axis C2 of straight pipe member 2 has an angular shape (specifically, a square shape in the present embodiment). Straight pipe member 2 has an upstream end and a downstream end 2b. Downstream end 2b is an end connected to bending member 4. The upstream end is an end connected to a piping member other than bending member 4. For example, the upstream end of straight pipe member 2 is connected to an intake port. A ventilation device may be disposed at the intake port. A connection structure between straight pipe member 2 and bending member 4 will be described later.

[0017] Straight pipe member 3 defines a flow path. Straight pipe member 3 is used for conveying a fluid. Straight pipe member 3 has a straight tubular shape. A cross section orthogonal to central axis C3 of straight pipe member 3 has an angular shape (specifically, a square shape in the present embodiment). Straight pipe member 3 has an upstream end 3a and a downstream end. Upstream end 3a is an end connected to bending member 4. The downstream end of straight pipe member 3 is an end connected to a piping member other than bending member 4. For example, the downstream end of straight pipe member 3 is connected to an exhaust port. A connection structure between straight pipe member 3 and bending member 4 will be described later.

[0018] For example, the material and dimensions of the straight pipe members 2 and 3, such as the outer diameter and thickness, may be set in accordance with the standard for rectangular ducts in JIS A 4009 "Components of ducts for air conditioning and ventilation equipment".

[0019] The bending member 4 is a bent pipe that changes the direction of the flow path. The bending member 4 is a pipe that connects piping paths with different directions. The bending member 4 can connect flow paths with different directions, such as a straight pipe member 2 and a straight pipe member 3. As shown in Figure 1, the bending member 4 connects the straight pipe member 2 and the straight pipe member 3 such that the central axis C2 of the straight pipe member 2 and the central axis C3 of the straight pipe member 3 intersect. In Figure 1, the bending member 4 connects the downstream end 2b of the straight pipe member 2 to the upstream end 3a of the straight pipe member 3. The bending member 4 has an upstream end 4a, a downstream end 4b, and a bent portion 4c between the upstream end 4a and the downstream end 4b. The openings corresponding to the upstream end 4a and the downstream end 4b are angular (in particular, square in this embodiment). In Figure 1, the upstream end 4a is connected to the straight pipe member 2, and the downstream end 4b is connected to the straight pipe member 3. The angle between the central axis C2 of the straight pipe member 2 and the central axis C3 of the straight pipe member 3 is, for example, 91.17° as specified in JIS K 6739 "Rigid polyvinyl chloride pipe fittings for drainage". As an example, the material of the bent member 4 may be metal or the like.

[0020] The connection structure between pipes such as straight pipe members 2 and 3 and bent member 4 in piping system 1 will be described. Note that the size of the opening at the end of bent member 4 may be set appropriately according to the size of the pipe members to be connected.

[0021] The pipes, such as the straight pipe members 2 and 3 and the bent pipe member 4, may each have flanges at their ends that extend from the inner surface to the outer surface when viewed from the direction of the central axis. In Figure 2, the straight pipe member 3 has a flange 3a1 on the upstream side 3a, and the bent pipe member 4 has a flange 4a1 on the upstream end 4a and a flange 40b on the downstream end 4b1. The pipes can be connected to each other by fixing the space between their flanges. For example, they can be fixed with bolts using holes opened in the flanges. As an example, the structure of the connection between flanges may be set in accordance with the standard for "joint structure" specified in JIS A 4009 "Components of ducts for air conditioning and ventilation equipment".

[0022] When the direction of the flow path changes in the bent member 4, pressure loss due to separation can be one of the causes of a decrease in fluid flow rate. In this embodiment, a projection member 5 is provided to reduce the decrease in flow rate due to pressure loss caused by the bent member 4. The projection member 5 is located inside the straight pipe member 3 and is used to partially reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow path of the straight pipe member 3.

[0023] In the piping system 1, the straight pipe member 3 is positioned downstream of the bending member 4 that changes the direction of the flow path. The projection member 5 is positioned with at least a portion of the straight pipe member 3 as a straight pipe. In this embodiment, at least a portion of the straight pipe member 3 is the entire straight pipe member 3.

[0024] The protruding member 5, together with the straight pipe member 3 on which the protruding member 5 is placed, constitutes the piping member 6.

[0025] In this embodiment, the straight pipe member 3 is angular in shape, as described above. In particular, the inner circumferential surface 30 of the straight pipe member 3 includes a first inner surface 30a, a second inner surface 30b, a third inner surface 30c, and a fourth inner surface 30d. The first inner surface 30a, the second inner surface 30b, the third inner surface 30c, and the fourth inner surface 30d are all planar in shape.

[0026] The first inner surface 30a and the second inner surface 30b face each other in a second direction X that is perpendicular to the first direction Z along the central axis C3 of the straight pipe member 3.

[0027] The third inner surface 30c and the fourth inner surface 30d face each other in the third direction Y, which is perpendicular to the first direction Z and the second direction X, respectively.

[0028] In the straight pipe member 3, both ends of the first inner surface 30a in the third direction Y are connected to the third inner surface 30c and the fourth inner surface 30d, respectively, via the first corner 30e and the second corner 30f. Both ends of the second inner surface 30b in the third direction Y are connected to the third inner surface 30c and the fourth inner surface 30d, respectively, via the third corner 30g and the fourth corner 30h. The first corner 30e, the second corner 30f, the third corner 30g, and the fourth corner 30h may each be a rounded corner or a right-angled corner.

[0029] In this embodiment, the wall thickness of the straight pipe member 3 is substantially constant, and the inner and outer circumferential shapes of the straight pipe member 3 are similar.

[0030] The straight pipe member 3 described above is connected to the downstream end 4b of the bending member 4 such that the first inner surface 30a corresponds to the inner circumference side of the bending member 4 and the second inner surface 30b corresponds to the outer circumference side of the bending member 4.

[0031] As shown in Figure 2, the projection member 5 has a size that allows it to be placed inside the straight pipe member 3, i.e., it has a length, width, and height (thickness).

[0032] In this embodiment, the projection member 5 and the straight pipe member 3 are separate components and can be made of different materials. Examples of materials for the projection member 5 include resins such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), rigid polyvinyl chloride (rigid PVC), PMMA, ABS, and ASA, or metals such as steel, aluminum, and stainless steel (rust-resistant metals). For example, the projection member 5 may be made of ASA, and the straight pipe member 3 may be made of metal.

[0033] The projection member 5 has a first surface 50a and a second surface 50b. The first surface 50a is the surface facing the first inner surface 30a of the straight pipe member 3. The second surface 50b is on the opposite side of the first surface 50a and acts on (contacts) the fluid flowing through the channel. The first surface 50a and the second surface 50b are both surfaces of the projection member 5 in the second direction X. The second direction X corresponds to the height of the projection member 5. The first surface 50a of the projection member 5 and the first inner surface 30a of the straight pipe member 3 can be attached to each other in predetermined positions with adhesive or the like.

[0034] The projection member 5 has a first end 5a and a second end 5b in the first direction Z. The first direction Z corresponds to the length of the projection member 5. The first end 5a and the second end 5b are the ends of the projection member 5 in the longitudinal direction. The first direction Z is also the direction along the flow path of the straight pipe member 3. The first end 5a is directed upstream, and the second end 5b is directed downstream. A fluid flow occurs in the projection member 5 from the first end 5a to the second end 5b.

[0035] The projection member 5 has a third end 5c and a fourth end 5d in the third direction Y. The third direction Y corresponds to the width of the projection member 5. The third end 5c and the fourth end 5d are the ends of the projection member 5 in the width direction. The projection member 5 has an external shape that is mirror-symmetric with respect to a plane perpendicular to the third direction Y.

[0036] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the piping member 6. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD of Figure 3. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the piping member 6 with a portion cut out. Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE of Figure 3.

[0037] The placement of the protruding member 5 means that the flow path cross-sectional area of ​​the piping member 6 is not constant, and there are areas where the flow path cross-sectional area of ​​the piping member 6 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the straight pipe member 3. The protruding member 5 is located on the upstream end 3a side of the straight pipe member 3 rather than the downstream end of the straight pipe member 3. In this embodiment, the protruding member 5 is located on the upstream end 3a of the straight pipe member 3. In other words, the protruding member 5 reduces the flow path at the upstream end 3a of the straight pipe member 3 that connects to the bent member 4.

[0038] Next, the function of the projection member 5 in the piping member 6 will be explained. The projection member 5 is located inside the straight pipe member 3, which is positioned downstream of the bent member 4. The bent member 4 allows the fluid flowing in from the straight pipe member 2 to flow into the straight pipe member 3. If the direction of fluid flow changes significantly in the bent member 4, pressure loss due to separation can be one of the causes of a decrease in flow rate.

[0039] The separation occurs downstream of the inner circumferential wall surface 40a of the bent member 4, when the fluid separates from the pipe wall (the inner circumferential surface 30 of the straight pipe member 3). In other words, the fluid flowing in from the upstream side initially flows along the pipe wall (the inner circumferential surface of the straight pipe member 2), but beyond the inner circumferential wall surface 40a of the bent member 4, it may separate from the pipe wall (the inner circumferential surface 30 of the straight pipe member 3). This type of separation is particularly noticeable when the fluid velocity is high. The higher the velocity, the wider the area over which pressure loss occurs.

[0040] In this embodiment, the piping member 6 has a projection member 5. The presence of the projection member 5 is expected to (1) make it easier for the fluid to flow along the pipe wall than in the absence of the projection member 5, and (2) reduce the number of areas where the flow velocity may decrease. Therefore, the projection member 5 can reduce the decrease in flow velocity caused by separation downstream from the bent member 4 and improve the flow rate. The piping member 6 can be miniaturized simply by having the projection member 5, as it does not require increasing the radius of curvature of the inner surface on the inner side of the bent member 4, unlike the technology described in Patent Document 1. Therefore, the projection member 5 can reduce fluid loss while enabling miniaturization.

[0041] In particular, the piping system 1 has piping components such as straight pipe members 2, straight pipe members 3, and bent members 4 that are not circular but square in shape. In other words, the piping system 1 is a square piping system. In such square piping, flow loss is significant at the corners of bent members 4, etc., which is a major cause of loss in fluid transport. Conventionally, one method to reduce such losses is to use flow straighteners, but when the flow is strong, the strength of the flow straighteners is required, which inevitably necessitates the design of the support structure and strength of the flow straighteners, and in addition, various considerations are required, such as the problem of deterioration over time and the tendency for foreign matter to clog due to the narrowing of the flow path as a result of its purpose.

[0042] However, in the piping system 1 of this embodiment, a projection member 5 that generates the Coanda effect is provided downstream of the bent member 4. This allows the flow along the projection member 5 to be strengthened around it, reducing losses in the bent member 4 and significantly reducing overall losses.

[0043] The shape of the protruding member 5 will be described in more detail below.

[0044] As can be seen from Figure 3, the shape (cross-sectional shape) of the projection member 5 as viewed from the first direction Z changes along the direction of the central axis C3 of the straight pipe member 3. More specifically, as shown in Figure 3, the height of the projection member 5 changes along the direction of the central axis C3 of the straight pipe member 3. In this embodiment, the second surface 50b of the projection member 5 is a curved working surface that extends from the first end 5a to the second end 5b, having a apex 5e between the first end 5a and the second end 5b that minimizes the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow path of the straight pipe member 3.

[0045] The top portion 5e is located between the first end 5a and the second end 5b. The top portion 5e is the tallest part of the projection member 5. The top portion 5e minimizes the flow path cross-sectional area of ​​the straight pipe member 3. In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the height of the top portion 5e is uniform and does not change in the third direction Y.

[0046] The height of the projection member 5 increases monotonically from the first end 5a towards the top 5e. The height of the projection member 5 decreases monotonically from the top 5e towards the second end 5b.

[0047] Refer to Figure 3. Let B be the distance between the first and second inner surfaces 30a and 30b of the straight pipe member 3 (the inner dimension of the straight pipe member 3 in the second direction X). Refer to Figure 4. Let C be the distance between the third and fourth inner surfaces 30c and 30d of the straight pipe member 3 (the inner dimension of the straight pipe member 3 in the third direction Y). Let A be the larger of B and C. In other words, the maximum inner dimension of the straight pipe member 3 is A. In this embodiment, since B=C, A=B=C.

[0048] In the projection member 5, let L be the distance between the first end 5a and the second end 5b in the first direction Z, L1 be the distance between the first end 5a and the top 5e in the first direction Z, and h be the height between the third end and the top 5e in the third direction Y. L may be set based on A. It is good that 0.3A ≤ L ≤ 2A, and preferably it is set based on the relationship (aspect ratio) between A and B. This allows the pressure loss reduction effect of the projection member 5 to be exerted more efficiently. L1 may be set based on L. It is good that 0.05L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.4L, and preferably 0.25L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.35L. h may be set based on B. It is good that 0.1B ≤ h ≤ 0.5B, and preferably 0.25B ≤ h ≤ 0.35B. This makes it easier for fluid to flow along the projection member 5, enabling a further improvement in flow rate.

[0049] Refer to Figure 6. In this embodiment, both ends of the first inner surface 30a in the third direction Y are connected to the third and fourth inner surfaces 30c and 30d, respectively, via the first and second corners 30e and 30f. Here, w is the distance between the third end 5c on the third inner surface 30c side and the fourth end 5d on the fourth inner surface 30d side of the projection member 5. w may be set based on C. It is good that 0.8C ≤ w ≤ C, and it is preferable that w approaches C. In this embodiment, w = C. This makes it easier for fluid to flow along the projection member 5, enabling a further improvement in flow rate.

[0050] The piping member 6 can be used as a single component that constitutes part of the piping system 1. In this case, it is preferable that the length Lp of the straight pipe member 3 in the first direction Z is L ≤ Lp ≤ 3L in relation to the length L of the projection member 5 in the first direction Z. This makes the piping member 6 easier to handle without it becoming too long, and also prevents the projection member 5 from protruding from the straight pipe member 3, thereby reducing the possibility of damage to the projection member 5 during transportation of the piping member 6.

[0051] [1.2. Effects, etc.] The piping system 1 described above is a piping system used for transporting fluids, comprising: a rectangular bend member 4 that changes the direction of the flow path; a rectangular straight pipe member 3 connected to the downstream end 4b of the bend member 4 and having first and second inner surfaces 30a, 30b with planar shapes corresponding to the inner and outer circumferences of the bend member 4, respectively; and a projection member 5 having a first end 5a facing the bend member 4 and a second end 5b facing the opposite side of the bend member 4, and positioned on the first inner surface 30a of the straight pipe member 3 such that the first end 5a is located at the downstream end 4b of the bend member 4, wherein the projection member 5 has a top 5e between the first end 5a and the second end 5b that minimizes the flow path cross-sectional area of ​​the straight pipe member 3, and is located on the central axis C3 of the straight pipe member 3. Let the direction along the pipe be the first direction Z, the distance between the first end 5a and the second end 5b in the first direction Z be L, and the distance between the first end 5a and the top 5e in the first direction Z be L1. Then 0.05L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.4L. If the maximum inner dimension of the straight pipe member 3 is A, then 0.3A ≤ L ≤ 2A. If the inner dimension of the straight pipe member 3 in the second direction X, where the first and second inner surfaces 30a and 30b face each other, is B, and the inner dimension of the straight pipe member 3 in the third direction Y, which is perpendicular to the first direction Z and the second direction X, is C. Then A is the larger of B and C. If the height at the top 5e of the projection member 5 is h, then 0.1B ≤ h ≤ 0.5B. If the width of the projection member 5 is w, then 0.8C ≤ w ≤ C. This configuration can reduce fluid loss.

[0052] In the piping system 1, the protruding member 5 is made of resin. This configuration can reduce fluid loss.

[0053] In the piping system 1, the straight pipe member 3 is made of metal. This configuration can reduce fluid loss.

[0054] The straight pipe member 3 described above is a piping member that constitutes a part of a piping system used for transporting fluids, and is connected to the downstream end 4b of a rectangular bend member 4 that changes the direction of the flow path, and comprises a rectangular straight pipe member 3 having first and second inner surfaces 30a, 30b with planar shapes corresponding to the inner and outer circumference sides of the bend member 4, respectively, and a projection member 5 having a first end 5a facing the bend member 4 and a second end 5b facing the opposite side of the bend member 4, and positioned on the first inner surface 30a of the straight pipe member 3 such that the first end 5a is located at the downstream end 4b of the bend member 4, the projection member 5 has a top 5e between the first end 5a and the second end 5b that minimizes the flow path cross-sectional area of ​​the straight pipe member 3, and the direction along the central axis C3 of the straight pipe member 3 is the first direction Z If L is the distance between the first end 5a and the second end 5b in the first direction Z, and L1 is the distance between the first end 5a and the top 5e in the first direction Z, then 0.05L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.4L. If A is the maximum inner dimension of the straight pipe member 3, then 0.3A ≤ L ≤ 2A. If B is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member 3 in the second direction X where the first and second inner surfaces 30a and 30b face each other, and C is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member 3 in the third direction Y which is perpendicular to the first direction Z and the second direction X, then A is the larger of B and C. If h is the height of the projection member 5 at the top 5e, then 0.1B ≤ h ≤ 0.5B. If w is the width of the projection member 5, then 0.8C ≤ w ≤ C. If Lp is the length of the straight pipe member 3, then L ≤ Lp ≤ 3L. This configuration can reduce fluid loss.

[0055] In the piping component 6, the protruding component 5 is made of resin. This configuration can reduce fluid loss.

[0056] In the piping member 6, the straight pipe member 3 is made of metal. This configuration can reduce fluid loss.

[0057] The projection member 5 described above is a projection member positioned on the inner circumferential surface 30 of a rectangular straight pipe member 3, which is connected to the downstream end 4b of a rectangular bending member 4 that changes the direction of the flow path. The straight pipe member 3 has first and second inner surfaces 30a and 30b with planar shapes corresponding to the inner and outer circumferential sides of the bending member 4, respectively. The projection member 5 has a first end 5a facing the bending member 4 and a second end 5b facing the opposite side from the bending member 4. The first end 5a is positioned on the first inner surface 30a of the straight pipe member 3 so as to be located at the downstream end 4b of the bending member 4. Between the first end 5a and the second end 5b, there is a top 5e that minimizes the flow path cross-sectional area of ​​the straight pipe member 3, and the direction along the central axis C3 of the straight pipe member 3 is... Let Z be the first direction. If L is the distance between the first end 5a and the second end 5b in the first direction Z, and L1 is the distance between the first end 5a and the top 5e in the first direction Z, then 0.05L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.4L. If A is the maximum inner dimension of the straight pipe member 3, then 0.3A ≤ L ≤ 2A. If B is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member 3 in the second direction X where the first and second inner surfaces 30a and 30b face each other, and C is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member 3 in the third direction Y which is perpendicular to the first direction Z and the second direction X, then A is the larger of B and C. If h is the height of the top 5e of the projection member 5, then 0.1B ≤ h ≤ 0.5B. If w is the width of the projection member 5, then 0.8C ≤ w ≤ C. This configuration can reduce fluid loss.

[0058] The protruding member 5 is made of resin. This configuration can reduce fluid loss.

[0059] [2. Variant] The embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to those described above. The embodiments can be modified in various ways depending on the design, etc., as long as the objectives of this disclosure can be achieved. Modifications of the embodiments are shown below. The modifications described below can be combined and applied as appropriate.

[0060] [2.1. Variation 1] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the piping member according to Modification 1. Figure 7 corresponds to the cross-sectional view along line DD in Figure 3. Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the piping member 6A according to Modification 1 with a portion cut out. Figure 9 is another cross-sectional view of the piping member according to Modification 1. Figure 9 corresponds to the cross-sectional view along line EE in Figure 3.

[0061] The piping member 6A is composed of a projection member 5A and a straight pipe member 3 on which the projection member 5A is arranged. Modification 1 differs from the embodiment in that it has a projection member 5A instead of projection member 5.

[0062] The protruding member 5A is composed of multiple protruding parts 500. In the example shown in Figures 7 to 9, the protruding member 5A is composed of eight protruding parts 500a to 500h. The eight protruding parts 500a to 500h are arranged in the third direction Y. In Figure 7, the protruding parts 500a to 500h are arranged in this order from the third inner surface 30c to the fourth inner surface 30d of the straight pipe member 3. Each of the protruding parts 500a to 500h has the same shape as the protruding member 5 of this embodiment when viewed from the third direction Y, but its width (dimension in the third direction Y) is different from that of the protruding member 5 of this embodiment. In other words, the shape of each of the protruding parts 500a to 500h differs from that of the protruding member 5 of the above embodiment in that it is shorter in width. To put it another way, the multiple protruding parts 500 are the shape obtained by dividing the protruding member 5A into multiple parts in the third direction Y. In each of the protruding parts 500a to 500h, both surfaces in the third direction Y are flat surfaces, and by arranging them in contact with each other, the opposing surfaces can be filled without any gaps.

[0063] The width w of the projection member 5A can be adjusted by changing the number of projection components 500 or the width of each projection component 500. Furthermore, the surface of projection component 500a facing the third inner surface 30c of the straight pipe member 3 may be spaced apart without contacting the third inner surface 30c, and the surface of projection component 500h facing the fourth inner surface 30d of the straight pipe member 3 may be spaced apart without contacting the fourth inner surface 30d. This allows for adjustment to any width during construction or after construction, as long as it is less than or equal to the inner dimension C of the straight pipe member 3 in the third direction Y, thus easily adjusting to a width that reduces fluid loss. As a result, the width w of the projection member 5A is defined by the sum of the widths of the multiple projection components 500. For example, the width of a projection component 500 may be 20 mm, but is not particularly limited.

[0064] The projection member 5A is composed of a plurality of projection components 500 arranged so as to be in contact with each other in the third direction Y, and the surfaces of the plurality of projection components 500 that face each other in the third direction Y are flat. This configuration can reduce fluid loss.

[0065] The width w of the protruding member 5A is defined by the sum of the widths of the multiple protruding components 500. This configuration can reduce fluid loss.

[0066] [2.2. Variation 2] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the piping member 6B of the piping system according to Modification 2. Compared to the above embodiment, Modification 2 has a projection member 5B instead of projection member 5, and unlike projection member 5, projection member 5B is integrally formed with the straight pipe member 3. In other words, projection member 5B and straight pipe member 3 are formed as a single part. To put it another way, a part of the first inner surface 30a of the straight pipe member 3 defines projection member 5B. In this case, projection member 5B will not detach from the straight pipe member 3. This provides a stable reduction in fluid loss. Also, since it can be treated as an integrated member, it can be easily installed. In Modification 2, the part of the outer surface of the straight pipe member 3 corresponding to projection member 5B may be recessed along the shape of the second surface 50b of projection member 5B.

[0067] [2.3. Other variations] In one modified example, the projection member 5 does not necessarily need to have an external shape that is mirror-symmetric with respect to a plane perpendicular to the third direction Y. That is, the working surface (second surface 50b) of the projection member 5, as viewed from the first direction Z, may be asymmetric. This makes it possible to accommodate cases where the flow distribution within the piping system 1 is non-uniform.

[0068] In one modified example, the width w of the projection member 5 may vary along the first direction Z. The width of the projection member 5 refers to the width of the projection member 5 at the point closest to the inner circumferential surface 30 of the straight pipe member 3. In this embodiment, the width w of the projection member 5 corresponds to the distance between the third and fourth ends 5c, 5d of the projection member 5. For example, the projection member 5 may include a tapered portion that narrows towards the second end 5b in the first direction Z. This allows for further improvement of the flow rate.

[0069] In one modified example, the projection member 5 does not need to be entirely contained within the straight pipe member 3. In particular, the second end 5b of the projection member 5 may protrude outward from the straight pipe member 3. Conversely, the projection member 5 may be entirely contained within the straight pipe and not protrude into the bent member 4.

[0070] In one modified example, the shape and size of part or all of the piping system 1 may differ from those of the above embodiment. For example, unlike the above embodiment, in the piping system 1, the shape of the bent member 4, the shape of the straight pipe member 2, and the shape of the straight pipe member 3 may be polygonal rather than rectangular.

[0071] In one modified example, the projection member 5 may have a hollow structure with the same surface shape. In this case, it is particularly preferable that the thickness of the second surface 50b, which is configured as a plate member, is 0.1 mm or more.

[0072] The projection member 5 has a plate member that forms the surface on the second inner surface 30b side, and the thickness of the plate member is 0.1 mm or more. This configuration can reduce fluid loss.

[0073] [3. Appearance] As will be apparent from the above embodiments and modifications, this disclosure includes the following aspects.

[0074] The first embodiment is a piping system used for transporting fluids, A rectangular bending member that changes the direction of the flow path, A rectangular straight pipe member connected to the downstream end of the bent member, having first and second inner surfaces with planar shapes corresponding to the inner and outer circumferences of the bent member, A projection member having a first end facing the bending member and a second end facing the opposite side of the bending member, and positioned on the first inner surface of the straight pipe member such that the first end is located at the downstream end of the bending member, Equipped with, The projection member has a top portion between the first and second ends that minimizes the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow path of the straight pipe member. The direction along the central axis of the straight pipe member is defined as the first direction. Let L be the distance between the first end and the second end in the first direction. If L1 is the distance between the first end and the top in the first direction, 0.05L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.4L, If the maximum inner dimension of the straight pipe member is A, then 0.3A ≤ L ≤ 2A. If B is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the second direction where the first and second inner surfaces face each other, and C is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the third direction which is perpendicular to the first and second directions respectively, then A is the larger of B and C. If the height at the top of the protruding member is h, then 0.1B ≤ h ≤ 0.5B. If the width of the protruding member is w, then 0.8C ≤ w ≤ C.

[0075] The second embodiment is a piping system based on the first embodiment. The protruding member is made of resin.

[0076] The third embodiment is a piping system based on the first or second embodiment. The straight pipe members are made of metal.

[0077] The fourth embodiment is a piping system based on any one of the first to third embodiments. The projection member has a plate member that forms the second inner surface, and the thickness of the plate member is 0.1 mm or more.

[0078] A fifth aspect is a piping member that constitutes part of a piping system used for transporting fluids, A rectangular straight pipe member is connected to the downstream end of a rectangular bending member that changes the direction of the flow path, and has first and second inner surfaces with planar shapes corresponding to the inner and outer circumferences of the bending member, respectively. A projection member having a first end facing the bending member and a second end facing the opposite side of the bending member, and positioned on the first inner surface of the straight pipe member such that the first end is located at the downstream end of the bending member, Equipped with, The projection member has a top portion between the first and second ends that minimizes the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow path of the straight pipe member. The direction along the central axis of the straight pipe member is defined as the first direction. Let L be the distance between the first end and the second end in the first direction. If L1 is the distance between the first end and the top in the first direction, 0.05L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.4L, If the maximum inner dimension of the straight pipe member is A, then 0.3A ≤ L ≤ 2A. If B is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the second direction where the first and second inner surfaces face each other, and C is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the third direction which is perpendicular to the first and second directions respectively, then A is the larger of B and C. If the height at the top of the protruding member is h, then 0.1B ≤ h ≤ 0.5B. If the width of the protruding member is w, then 0.8C ≤ w ≤ C, If the length of the straight pipe member is Lp, then L ≤ Lp ≤ 3L.

[0079] The sixth aspect is a piping member based on the fifth aspect. The protruding member is made of resin.

[0080] The seventh aspect is a piping member based on the fifth or sixth aspect. The straight pipe member is made of metal.

[0081] The eighth aspect is a piping member based on any one of the fifth to seventh aspects. The projection member has a plate member that forms the second inner surface, and the thickness of the plate member is 0.1 mm or more.

[0082] The ninth aspect is a projection member that is positioned on the inner circumferential surface of a rectangular straight pipe member and is connected to the downstream end of a rectangular bending member that changes the direction of a flow path, The straight pipe member has first and second inner surfaces with planar shapes corresponding to the inner and outer circumferences of the bent member, respectively. The protruding member is, It has a first end facing the bending member and a second end facing the opposite side of the bending member, and the first end is positioned on the first inner surface of the straight pipe member such that it is located at the downstream end of the bending member. Between the first and second ends, there is a top portion that minimizes the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow path of the straight pipe member. The direction along the central axis of the straight pipe member is defined as the first direction. Let L be the distance between the first end and the second end in the first direction. If L1 is the distance between the first end and the top in the first direction, 0.05L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.4L, If the maximum inner dimension of the straight pipe member is A, then 0.3A ≤ L ≤ 2A. If B is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the second direction where the first and second inner surfaces face each other, and C is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the third direction which is perpendicular to the first and second directions respectively, then A is the larger of B and C. If the height at the top of the protruding member is h, then 0.1B ≤ h ≤ 0.5B. If the width of the protruding member is w, then 0.8C ≤ w ≤ C.

[0083] A tenth aspect is a projection member according to the ninth aspect, comprising a plurality of projection components arranged so as to be in contact with each other in a third direction, wherein the surfaces of the plurality of projection components facing each other in the third direction are flat.

[0084] The eleventh aspect is a projection member based on the tenth aspect. The width of the projection member is defined by the sum of the widths of multiple projection components.

[0085] The twelfth embodiment is a projection member made of resin, based on any one of the ninth to eleventh embodiments.

[0086] A thirteenth embodiment is a projection member based on any one of the ninth to twelve embodiments, having a plate member that constitutes the second inner surface, wherein the thickness of the plate member is 0.1 mm or more. [Industrial applicability]

[0087] This disclosure is applicable to piping systems, piping components, and protruding components. [Explanation of symbols]

[0088] 1. Piping System 2,3 Straight pipe members C3 center axis Inner surface 30 1st inner surface 30a 2nd inner surface 30b 4. Bending member 3a, 4a Upstream end 4b Downstream end 5,5A Protruding member 5a 1st end 5b 2nd end 5e top 500 protruding parts 6,6A Piping components X 2nd direction Y Third direction Z 1st direction

Claims

1. A piping system used for transporting fluids, A rectangular bending member that changes the direction of the flow path, A rectangular straight pipe member is connected to the downstream end of the bending member and has first and second inner surfaces with planar shapes corresponding to the inner and outer circumferences of the bending member, respectively. A projection member having a first end directed toward the bending member and a second end directed toward the opposite side of the bending member, and positioned on the first inner surface of the straight pipe member such that the first end is located at the downstream end of the bending member, Equipped with, The projection member has a top portion between the first end and the second end that minimizes the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow path of the straight pipe member. The direction along the central axis of the straight pipe member is defined as the first direction. Let L be the distance between the first end and the second end in the first direction. If L1 is the distance between the first end and the top in the first direction, 0.05L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.4L, If the maximum inner dimension of the straight pipe member is A, then 0.3A ≤ L ≤ 2A. If B is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the second direction where the first and second inner surfaces face each other, and C is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the third direction perpendicular to the first and second directions, then A is the larger of B and C. If the height at the top of the projection member is h, then 0.1B ≤ h ≤ 0.5B. If the width of the aforementioned protruding member is w, then 0.8C ≤ w ≤ C. Piping system.

2. The aforementioned protruding member is made of resin. The piping system according to claim 1.

3. The straight pipe member is made of metal. The piping system according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The projection member has a plate member that constitutes the second inner surface side, The thickness of the plate member is 0.1 mm or more. The piping system according to claim 1 or 2.

5. A piping component that constitutes part of a piping system used for transporting fluids, A rectangular straight pipe member is connected to the downstream end of a rectangular bending member that changes the direction of the flow path, and has first and second inner surfaces with planar shapes corresponding to the inner and outer circumferences of the bending member, respectively. A projection member having a first end directed toward the bending member and a second end directed toward the opposite side of the bending member, and positioned on the first inner surface of the straight pipe member such that the first end is located at the downstream end of the bending member, Equipped with, The projection member has a top portion between the first end and the second end that minimizes the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow path of the straight pipe member. The direction along the central axis of the straight pipe member is defined as the first direction. Let L be the distance between the first end and the second end in the first direction. If L1 is the distance between the first end and the top in the first direction, 0.05L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.4L, If the maximum inner dimension of the straight pipe member is A, then 0.3A ≤ L ≤ 2A. If B is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the second direction where the first and second inner surfaces face each other, and C is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the third direction perpendicular to the first and second directions, then A is the larger of B and C. If the height at the top of the projection member is h, then 0.1B ≤ h ≤ 0.5B. If the width of the aforementioned protruding member is w, then 0.8C ≤ w ≤ C, If the length of the straight pipe member is Lp, then L ≤ Lp ≤ 3L. Piping components.

6. The aforementioned protruding member is made of resin. The piping member according to claim 5.

7. The straight pipe member is made of metal. The piping member according to claim 5 or 6.

8. The projection member has a plate member that constitutes the second inner surface side, The thickness of the plate member is 0.1 mm or more. The piping member according to claim 5 or 6.

9. A projection member positioned on the inner circumferential surface of a rectangular straight pipe member, which is connected to the downstream end of a rectangular bending member that changes the direction of the flow path, The straight pipe member has first and second inner surfaces with planar shapes corresponding to the inner and outer circumferences of the bent member, respectively. The aforementioned projection member is The straight pipe member has a first end directed toward the bending member and a second end directed toward the opposite side of the bending member, and the first end is positioned on the first inner surface of the straight pipe member such that it is located at the downstream end of the bending member. Between the first end and the second end, the straight pipe member is provided with a top portion that minimizes the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow path, The direction along the central axis of the straight pipe member is defined as the first direction. Let L be the distance between the first end and the second end in the first direction. If L1 is the distance between the first end and the top in the first direction, 0.05L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.4L, If the maximum inner dimension of the straight pipe member is A, then 0.3A ≤ L ≤ 2A. If B is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the second direction where the first and second inner surfaces face each other, and C is the inner dimension of the straight pipe member in the third direction perpendicular to the first and second directions, then A is the larger of B and C. If the height at the top of the projection member is h, then 0.1B ≤ h ≤ 0.5B. If the width of the aforementioned protruding member is w, then 0.8C ≤ w ≤ C. Protruding member.

10. It is composed of a plurality of protruding parts arranged so as to be in contact with each other in the third direction, In the plurality of protruding parts, the surfaces facing each other in the third direction are flat. The projection member according to claim 9.

11. The width of the aforementioned protruding member is defined by the sum of the widths of the plurality of protruding parts. The projection member according to claim 10.

12. It is made of resin. The projection member according to any one of claims 9 to 11.

13. The plate member that constitutes the second inner surface is The thickness of the plate member is 0.1 mm or more. The projection member according to any one of claims 9 to 11.

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