How to operate an unmanned sales system

Abstract

This technology makes it possible to lower the hurdles in setting up unmanned sales systems, such as vending machines that sell beverages, from the perspective of securing a power source. [Solution] An unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, wherein two or more of the following modes 1 to 7 are executable and the system can be switched to any of these modes. Mode 1: Power generated by the solar panels is supplied to the unmanned vending machine. Mode 2: Power generated by the solar panels and power charged by the storage battery are supplied to the unmanned vending machine. Mode 3: Power charged by the storage battery is supplied to the unmanned vending machine. Mode 4: Power generated by the solar panels is supplied to the unmanned vending machine and the storage battery. Mode 5: Commercial power is supplied to the unmanned vending machine. Mode 6: Commercial power is supplied to the unmanned vending machine and commercial power is supplied to the storage battery. Mode 7: Commercial power is supplied to the storage battery.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to an unmanned sales system for selling goods without human intervention, and more specifically, to a technology for operating an unmanned sales machine using electricity generated by solar power generation. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, vending machines capable of being powered by both AC power (commercial power) and electricity generated by solar panels are known. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a vending machine that, with the aim of reducing the amount of AC power used, is powered solely by the battery when the battery charge is sufficient, even when AC power is available under normal circumstances. Furthermore, in the event of a power outage or other situation where AC power is unavailable, the vending machine can be powered by the battery even if the battery charge is insufficient, allowing it to operate with minimal power consumption and perform minimal functions, thus enabling disaster response. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2009-146159 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0004] The configuration disclosed in Patent Document 1 involves a controller that switches between AC power (commercial power) and battery power. However, since it is based on the premise of using AC power, it was not intended for setting up an unmanned sales system in locations where AC power cannot be secured.

[0005] In this respect, setting up an unmanned vending system was relatively easy in terms of securing power, assuming the use of existing power infrastructure in urban areas or within buildings. On the other hand, in situations where power infrastructure is not always complete, such as at event venues like exhibitions, trade shows, and concerts, or at construction sites, securing power must be considered first, and the difficulty of securing power can become a hurdle to setup. Therefore, it is necessary for the system to be usable in situations where AC power (commercial power) cannot be secured.

[0006] On the other hand, in recent years, the power generation efficiency of solar panels and the performance of storage batteries have improved remarkably, making the concept of "off-grid" systems, which do not rely on AC power, more widespread and more feasible. Furthermore, efforts to conserve energy from the perspective of protecting the global environment remain an ongoing challenge, and companies are also expected to contribute to society.

[0007] Therefore, even in situations where AC power (commercial power) is available, it can be said that efforts to conserve energy can be promoted by effectively utilizing solar panels and storage batteries.

[0008] Furthermore, in recent years, the rapid aging of the population, population decline, and depopulation have led to a social problem of "shopping refugees"—people who lack nearby grocery stores or transportation options. Unmanned sales systems can serve as a social infrastructure that contributes to solving this problem, and demand for them is only going to increase.

[0009] In view of the above, the present invention proposes a technology to solve the above problems by making it possible to lower the hurdles in setting up unmanned sales systems such as vending machines that sell beverages from the standpoint of securing a power source.

[0010] Another challenge is to propose new technologies to promote energy conservation efforts by effectively utilizing solar panels and storage batteries, even when AC power (commercial power) is available.

[0011] Another challenge is that the operation of an unmanned sales system utilizing solar power generation requires specific considerations depending on the installation location. For example, in Japan, the amount of sunlight varies from prefecture to prefecture, and this must be taken into account, especially in relation to the amount of power generated by solar panels installed outdoors. However, there are no known specific guidelines for constructing an unmanned sales system according to such sunlight levels. Therefore, this invention proposes a novel technology that also takes into account the actual operation at the installation site. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] The problems that this invention aims to solve are as described above, and the means for solving these problems will now be explained.

[0013] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is a method for operating an unmanned sales system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, and an unmanned vending machine, wherein the method for operating the unmanned sales system enables power supply from the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine.

[0014] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is a method for operating an unmanned sales system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, wherein the method for operating an unmanned sales system enables power supply from the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine.

[0015] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is a method for operating an unmanned sales system comprising a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, wherein at least the storage battery is able to supply power to the unmanned vending machine, and the voltage output from the solar panel to the inverter is 100 (V) or more.

[0016] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is a method for operating an unmanned sales system comprising solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, wherein at least the storage battery is capable of supplying power to the unmanned vending machine, and the sum of the nominal maximum outputs of the solar panels is 100 (W) or more.

[0017] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an operation method for an unmanned vending system comprising a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, wherein power can be supplied from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, wherein an annual average solar radiation amount at an optimal annual tilt angle at an installation site of the unmanned vending system is 3 to 5 (kW / m 2 / day).

[0018] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an operation method for an unmanned vending system comprising a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, wherein power can be supplied from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, wherein a plurality of solar panels are connected in series.

[0019] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an operation method for an unmanned vending system comprising a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, wherein power can be supplied from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, the method comprising a plurality of solar panel groups each formed by a plurality of solar panels connected in series, wherein the plurality of solar panel groups are connected in parallel.

[0020] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an operation method for an unmanned vending system comprising a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, wherein power can be supplied from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, wherein a storage capacity of the storage battery in a fully charged state is 50 (Wh) or more.

[0021] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an operation method for an unmanned vending system comprising a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, wherein power can be supplied from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, wherein a rated power consumption of the inverter is 200 (W) or less.

[0022] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is a method for operating an unmanned vending system comprising a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, The operating method for the unmanned vending system is such that the rated power consumption of the vending machine is 300 watts or less.

[0023] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is a method for operating an unmanned vending system comprising a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, Solar panels with a nominal maximum output sum of 100 (W) or more, This describes an operating method for an unmanned vending system that includes an unmanned vending machine with a rated power consumption of 700 (W) or less.

[0024] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is a method for operating an unmanned vending system comprising a solar panel, a storage battery, and an unmanned vending machine, wherein at least the storage battery is capable of supplying power to the unmanned vending machine, The power supply status from the solar panels to the unmanned vending machine, The power supply status from the solar panels to the battery, The power supply status from the battery to the vending machine, This describes the operating method of an unmanned sales system equipped with a display mechanism that shows the following:

[0025] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is a method for operating an unmanned vending system comprising a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, The unmanned sales system will operate in a manner that allows for the execution of two or more modes selected from the following Mode 1 to Mode 7, and allows for switching between any of these modes. Mode 1: Power generated by solar panels is supplied to the unmanned vending machine. Mode 2: Power is supplied to the vending machine using electricity generated by solar panels and electricity stored in a battery. Mode 3: Power is supplied to the vending machine using electricity charged by the battery. Mode 4: Power generated by solar panels is used to supply electricity to the vending machine and storage battery. Mode 5: Power the vending machine using commercial electricity. Mode 6: Power the vending machine with commercial power, and power the battery with commercial power. Mode 7: Supply commercial power to the battery.

[0026] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, the seventh mode is a method of operating an unmanned sales system that is performed during a predetermined specific time period.

[0027] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is a method for operating an unmanned vending system comprising a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, The operating method of the unmanned sales system is such that it can perform two or more modes selected from the following modes 1 to 4, as well as a solar charging mode, and can switch between any of these modes. Mode 1: Power generated by solar panels is supplied to the unmanned vending machine. Mode 2: Power is supplied to the vending machine using electricity generated by solar panels and electricity stored in a battery. Mode 3: Power is supplied to the vending machine using electricity charged by the battery. Mode 4: Power generated by solar panels is used to supply electricity to the vending machine and storage battery. Solar charging mode: The battery is charged using electricity generated by solar panels.

[0028] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is a method for operating an unmanned vending system comprising a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, In an unmanned sales system capable of performing two or more modes selected from the following modes 1 to 4, as well as a solar charging mode, and being able to switch between any of these modes, the operating method of the unmanned sales system is such that when the battery is charged to a predetermined percentage in solar charging mode, it switches to one of modes 1 to 4. Mode 1: Power generated by solar panels is supplied to the unmanned vending machine. Mode 2: Power is supplied to the vending machine using electricity generated by solar panels and electricity stored in a battery. Mode 3: Power is supplied to the vending machine using electricity charged by the battery. Mode 4: Power generated by solar panels is used to supply electricity to the vending machine and storage battery. Solar charging mode: The battery is charged using electricity generated by solar panels.

[0029] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is a method for operating an unmanned vending system comprising a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, The rated power consumption of the unmanned vending machine is A(W), The rated power consumption of the inverter is B(W), The amount of energy stored in a fully charged battery is C(Wh), (A+B)(W)×Predetermined time <C(Wh)であり、 This invention provides a method for operating an unmanned vending system that allows unmanned vending machines to operate off-grid for a predetermined period of time.

[0030] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is a method for operating an unmanned vending system comprising a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, The rated power consumption of the unmanned vending machine is A(W), The rated power consumption of the inverter is B(W), The amount of energy stored in a fully charged battery is C(Wh), 1.5 × [(A + B)(W) × predetermined time] ≤ C(Wh) ≤ 4 × [(A + B)(W) × predetermined time], Provided is an operation method for an unmanned vending system capable of operating an unmanned vending machine off-grid for a predetermined period of time.

[0031] Further, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an operation method for an unmanned vending system that includes a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, and enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, the method being characterized in that: the rated power consumption of the unmanned vending machine is A (W), the rated power consumption of the inverter is B (W), the estimated power generation amount per day of the solar panel is D (Wh), (A+B)(W) × predetermined time < D(Wh) is satisfied, the method is an operation method for an unmanned vending system capable of operating an unmanned vending machine off-grid for a predetermined period of time.

[0032] Further, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an operation method for an unmanned vending system that includes a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, and enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, the method being characterized in that: the rated power consumption of the unmanned vending machine is A (W), the rated power consumption of the inverter is B (W), the stored power amount of the storage battery in a fully charged state is C (Wh), the estimated power generation amount per day of the solar panel is D (Wh / day), (A+B)(W) × predetermined time < C(Wh) is satisfied, (A+B)(W) × predetermined time < D(Wh / day) is satisfied, the method is an operation method for an unmanned vending system capable of operating an unmanned vending machine off-grid for a predetermined period of time.

[0033] Further, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an operation method for an unmanned vending system that includes a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, and enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, the method being characterized in that: the rated power consumption of the unmanned vending machine is A (W), the rated power consumption of the inverter is B (W), The amount of energy stored when the battery is fully charged is C(Wh). The estimated daily power generation from solar panels is D (Wh / day), 1.5 × [(A + B)(W) × predetermined time] ≤ C(Wh) ≤ 4 × [(A + B)(W) × predetermined time], (A+B)(W)×Predetermined time <D(Wh)であり、 This invention provides a method for operating an unmanned vending system that allows unmanned vending machines to operate off-grid for a predetermined period of time.

[0034] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, the storage battery is introduced into the unmanned sales system in a fully charged state.

[0035] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, the estimated daily power generation D (Wh / day) is a value calculated from the following formula. D(Wh / day) = Sum of nominal maximum outputs of solar panels (W) × Estimated solar radiation (kWh / m²) 2 ) × loss factor

[0036] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, the loss coefficient is 0.85.

[0037] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, the estimated solar radiation (kWh / m²) 2 ) is defined as the annual average value of monthly solar radiation at the optimal annual tilt angle at the location where the unmanned sales stem is installed.

[0038] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, the estimated solar radiation (kWh / m²) 2 ) shall be the monthly solar radiation values ​​at the annual optimal tilt angle corresponding to the month of operation at the location where the unmanned sales system is installed.

[0039] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, the estimated solar radiation (kWh / m²) 2 ) shall be the minimum value among the monthly solar radiation values ​​at the optimal annual tilt angle at the location where the unmanned sales stem is installed.

[0040] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, the estimated solar radiation (kWh / m²) 2 ) The annual average solar radiation at the optimal tilt angle described in "NEDO Renewable Energy Technology White Paper, 2nd Edition, Chapter 2, Photovoltaic Power Generation, P25, Figure 2-26" at the location where the unmanned sales system is installed is [kWh / m 2 This is the value converted to [ ].

[0041] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, a controller provided in the inverter and a controller provided in the storage battery are connected by communication. The battery will be controlled to discharge at a predetermined voltage.

[0042] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, the module conversion rate of the solar panel is 15% or more.

[0043] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, the storage battery is a sodium-ion battery.

[0044] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, the method for operating an unmanned sales system comprises a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and a carbon dioxide absorbent, and enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine.

[0045] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, the unmanned vending machine is equipped with a carbon dioxide absorbent. [Effects of the Invention]

[0046] The present invention provides the following effects: In other words, according to one aspect of the present invention, even when AC power (commercial power) is available, energy conservation efforts can be promoted by effectively utilizing solar panels and storage batteries. Furthermore, by enabling power to be supplied from AC power (commercial power) as needed, the vending machine can be operated even when power from solar panels or rechargeable batteries cannot be secured.

[0047] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, vending machines can be operated without using AC power (commercial power) by operating them off-grid. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0048] [Figure 1] A diagram illustrating an example configuration of an unmanned sales system. [Figure 2] A diagram illustrating the first mode of operation in hybrid power supply. [Figure 3] A diagram illustrating the second mode of operation in hybrid power supply. [Figure 4] A diagram illustrating the third mode of operation in hybrid power supply. [Figure 5] A diagram illustrating the fourth mode of operation in hybrid power supply. [Figure 6] A diagram illustrating the fifth mode of operation in hybrid power supply. [Figure 7] A diagram illustrating the sixth mode of operation in hybrid power supply. [Figure 8] A diagram illustrating the seventh mode of operation in hybrid power supply. [Figure 9] A diagram illustrating the solar charging mode in hybrid power supply operation. [Figure 10] A diagram illustrating the first mode of operation in off-grid environments. [Figure 11] A diagram illustrating the second mode of operation in off-grid environments. [Figure 12] A diagram illustrating the third mode of operation in off-grid environments. [Figure 13] A diagram illustrating the fourth mode of operation in off-grid environments. [Figure 14] A diagram illustrating solar charging modes in off-grid operation. [Figure 15] A diagram illustrating the "NEDO Solar Radiation Database MONSOLA-20". [Figure 16]A simplified, enlarged view of a portion of Figure 15. [Figure 17] This figure shows the information from "NEDO Renewable Energy Technology White Paper - Challenges to be overcome and solutions for the widespread adoption of renewable energy - 2nd edition - Chapter 2 - Photovoltaic power generation - Edited by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) - Published February 2014 - P25 - Figure 2-26". [Figure 18] A diagram illustrating an example of the content displayed by the display function. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0049] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows an example of an unmanned vending system 1 according to one embodiment, and comprises a solar panel 10, a storage battery 20, and an automatic vending machine 30 as an unmanned vending machine.

[0050] The vending machine 30 is comprised of a controller 35 that performs various controls for unmanned sales of products stored inside in response to the operation of selection buttons and payment, and a power unit 36 ​​that includes a compressor for compressing refrigerant. The rated power consumption of the vending machine 30 is, for example, 300(W) or less, 250(W) or less, and more specifically, for example, a 223(W) unit may be used.

[0051] The vending machine 30 is equipped with multiple column devices for storing products such as PET bottles filled with beverages. Cooling, heating, and warming are performed in each column device to maintain the products at a predetermined temperature. The controller 35 operates the power unit 36 ​​and other components as needed to manage the temperature of the products. The controller 35 is also configured to operate and stop according to a predetermined schedule. For example, at events such as exhibitions, the power can be turned off and the machine stopped from 10:00 PM to 6:00 AM, and then it can be automatically started at 6:00 AM and operated until 10:00 PM. Furthermore, the controller 35 is configured to automatically start the vending machine when power is restored after it has stopped due to a lack of power supply from the solar panel 10 or battery 20, for example, when the solar panel 10 starts generating power.

[0052] A box 2 of approximately the same size as the vending machine 30 is provided on the side of the vending machine 30, and an inverter 40 and a storage battery 20 are installed inside the box 2. Solar panels 10 are mounted on the top of the vending machine 30 and the box 2. Note that the box 2 may be installed in a location separate from the vending machine 30. Also, the solar panels 10 may be installed on parts other than the top of the vending machine 30 and the box 2, or in a location separate from the vending machine 30 and the box 2.

[0053] The size of box 2 can be configured to be approximately the same as the size of the vending machine 30's casing, for example. Box 2 is constructed, for example, as a metal casing for outdoor installation with an openable door. The size of box 2 may also be changed according to the size of the inverter 40 and the battery 20, and an additional battery may be provided on the outside of box 2.

[0054] The inverter 40 includes a power supply circuit and a controller 45 that converts DC to AC and AC to DC, and the controller 50 is configured to perform various controls, such as the following. 1. The inverter 40 is connected to the battery 20, and the power charged by the battery 20 can be supplied to the vending machine 30. 2. The inverter 40 is connected to the solar panel 10, and the electricity generated by the solar panel 10 can be supplied to the vending machine 30 and the storage battery 20. 3. The inverter 40 is connected to the commercial power supply 5, enabling the AC power from the commercial power supply 5 to be supplied to the vending machine 30 and the storage battery 20.

[0055] The rated power consumption of the inverter 40 can be, for example, 200(W) or less, and preferably 150(W) or less, 100(W) or less, 90(W) or less, 80(W) or less, 75(W) or less, or 60(W) or less. In one embodiment, one with a power consumption of 55(W) or less can be used.

[0056] The controller 50 may, for example, be provided as a separate, dedicated device from the inverter 40.

[0057] The solar panel 10 is connected to the inverter 40, and the electricity generated by the solar panel 10 is supplied to the vending machine 30 through the inverter 40, and the vending machine 30 is operated by the power supplied from the solar panel 10.

[0058] The solar panel 10 is connected to the battery 20 via an inverter 40, and the electricity generated by the solar panel 10 is used to charge the battery 20. The electricity charged in the battery 20 is supplied to the vending machine 30 via the inverter 40, and the vending machine 30 is operated by the power supplied from the battery 20.

[0059] The voltage output from the solar panel 10 to the inverter 40 is, for example, 70(V) or higher, and in one embodiment it is 120(V). In another embodiment it is 180(V).

[0060] For example, when connecting solar panels in series, if the nominal maximum output operating voltage of one solar panel is 30V, then connecting four solar panels in series can supply a high voltage of 120V, and connecting six solar panels in series can supply a high voltage of 180V. In this way, a high voltage of 70V or higher, preferably 100V or higher, more preferably 110V or higher, and even better, 120V or higher is preferable. When such a high voltage can be supplied, it is preferable because it is possible to adopt an MPPT charging method for the storage battery, rapid charging becomes possible, and furthermore, current can be suppressed and the amount of heat generated in the cable can be reduced.

[0061] The sum of the nominal maximum outputs of the solar panels 10 is, for example, 100(W) or more. In one embodiment, four solar panels with a nominal maximum output of 275(W) each are connected in series to achieve 1150(W). In another embodiment, six solar panels with a nominal maximum output of 275(W) each are connected in series to achieve 1650(W). Note that the solar panel 10 may consist of multiple solar panels connected in series, or it may consist of multiple sets of solar panels made up of multiple series-connected solar panels, with multiple sets of solar panels connected in parallel.

[0062] One possible configuration includes solar panels with a sum of nominal maximum outputs of 100 W or more, and a vending machine with a rated power consumption of 700 W or less.

[0063] The sum of the nominal maximum outputs of the solar panels shall be 100(W) or more, preferably 300(W) or more, 500(W) or more, 700(W) or more, and 1000(W) or more. From the perspective of the area of ​​the solar panels, preferred upper limits may be 4000(W) or less, 3500(W) or less, 3000(W) or less, 2500(W) or less, and 2000(W) or less.

[0064] The rated power consumption of the vending machine is preferably 660(W) or less, 600(W) or less, 550(W) or less, 500(W) or less, 450(W) or less, 400(W) or less, 350(W) or less, 300(W) or less, or 250(W) or less.

[0065] As one example, the module conversion rate of the solar panel is set to 15% or higher. This takes into account the installation area of ​​the solar panel while making effective use of sunlight. More preferably, the module conversion rate of the solar panel is 17% or higher, and even more preferably 20% or higher.

[0066] As one embodiment, the solar panel 10 can be sized to fit within the floor space where the vending machine 30 and box 2 are installed. The solar panel 10 can be installed on a frame provided above the vending machine 30 and box 2, with adjustable angles. The dimensions of a single solar panel are, for example, 1735 mm wide x 765 mm high.

[0067] The battery 20 is equipped with a controller 25, which controls charging and output. The battery 20 can, for example, be a sodium-ion battery, but is not limited to this. For example, a sodium-ion battery with a fully charged capacity of 8646.75 (Wh) to 9607.5 (Wh) can be used. Examples of sodium-ion battery specifications include a nominal voltage of 36 (V) to 58.5 (V) and a battery capacity of 175.5 (Ah / 10HR) to 189 (Ah / 10HR).

[0068] A controller 45 on the inverter 40 and a controller 25 on the battery 20 are connected via communication, and the battery 20 is controlled to discharge at a predetermined voltage. For example, the controllers 45 and 25 control the battery 20 so that its voltage discharges within the range of 36(V) to 58.5(V). When the discharge progresses and the voltage falls below 36V, the discharge stops.

[0069] The inverter 40 operates using power supplied from the battery. The inverter 40 stops when the battery power decreases and the power supply is cut off. After the battery 20 is depleted, once the solar panels have charged the battery to a predetermined percentage (for example, 15%), the battery discharge resumes, the inverter 40 starts up, and power is supplied to the vending machine.

[0070] Controlled by the controller 45 of the inverter 40, the unmanned sales system can execute two or more modes selected from the modes shown below. The inverter may consist of one or more groups of devices to achieve the effects of the present invention. For example, it may be a single hybrid conditioner, or a combination of a DC-to-AC converter, a mode switching device, and a control device for charging and discharging the battery. Furthermore, in systems utilizing power generation from solar panels, the inverter described herein is also referred to as a power conditioner (commonly known as a power converter).

[0071] <Operational model using hybrid power supply> Figures 2 through 9 show examples of configurations that secure power supply from both solar panels and commercial power sources, illustrating situations where so-called "hybrid power supply" is feasible. In "hybrid power supply," the unmanned sales system is operated using power generated by solar panels (renewable energy), while minimizing the use of commercial power by supplying power from commercial sources as needed. In other words, it is a model in which commercial power is used to supplement the electricity that cannot be generated by solar panels (renewable energy).

[0072] Figure 2: Mode 1: This mode supplies power generated by solar panels to an unmanned vending machine. The first mode example shown in Figure 2 illustrates a state in which electricity generated by the solar panel 10 is supplied to the vending machine 30 for operation. This first mode is executed, for example, when there is sufficient sunlight during the day and the vending machine 30 can be operated solely by the electricity generated by the solar panels 10.

[0073] Figure 3: Second Mode: This mode supplies power to the unmanned vending machine using electricity generated by solar panels and electricity stored in a battery. In the example of the second mode shown in Figure 3, the vending machine 30 is powered during the daytime by electricity generated by the solar panels 10 and electricity discharged from the storage battery 20. This second mode is activated, for example, between sunrise and sunset, when the power generated by the generator alone is insufficient to meet the power consumption due to cloudy conditions, and the vending machine 30 is operated using power supplied from the storage battery 20 in addition to the generator power.

[0074] Figure 4: Third mode: This mode supplies power to the vending machine using electricity charged by the storage battery. In the example of the third mode shown in Figure 4, there is no power generation from the solar panels 10 at night or during the day when there is no sunlight, and the vending machine 30 is operated by supplying power from the discharge of the storage battery 20. This third mode is activated, for example, when the solar panels 10 do not generate electricity at night or during the day when there is no sunlight, and the vending machine 30 is operated solely by power supplied from the storage battery 20.

[0075] Figure 5: Mode 4: This mode supplies power generated by solar panels to an unmanned vending machine and a storage battery. In the example of the fourth mode shown in Figure 5, there is sufficient sunlight during the day, and the electricity generated by the solar panels 10 is supplied to the vending machine 30 for operation, while any surplus electricity that is not consumed is supplied to the storage battery 20 for charging. This fourth mode is implemented, for example, when there is sufficient sunlight during the day, the vending machine 30 can be operated solely by the electricity generated by the solar panels 10, and the battery 20 is not fully charged but is still capable of being charged.

[0076] Figure 6: Mode 5: This mode supplies power to the unmanned vending machine using commercial electricity. The example of the fifth mode shown in Figure 6 illustrates a state in which the vending machine 30 is operated by supplying power from the commercial power source 5. This fifth mode is executed, for example, at night when there is no power generation from the solar panels 10 and the charge level of the storage battery 20 has decreased and it cannot be discharged.

[0077] Figure 7: Mode 6: This mode supplies commercial power to the unmanned vending machine and also supplies commercial power to the battery. In the example of the sixth mode shown in Figure 7, power is supplied from the commercial power source 5 to the vending machine 30 for operation, and power is also supplied from the commercial power source 5 to the storage battery 20 for charging. This sixth mode is executed, for example, at night when there is no power generation from the solar panels 10 and the vending machine 30 needs to be operated by power supplied from the commercial power source 5, and when the storage battery 20 is not fully charged but is still capable of being charged.

[0078] Figure 8: Mode 7: This mode supplies commercial power to the battery. The example of the seventh mode shown in Figure 8 illustrates a state in which power from the commercial power source 5 is supplied to the storage battery 20 for charging. This seventh mode is executed, for example, during off-peak hours (specific time period) when electricity rates for commercial power source 5 are low, and when the battery 20 is not fully charged but is still capable of being charged.

[0079] Figure 9: Solar charging mode: This mode charges the battery using electricity generated by solar panels. This solar charging mode is used, for example, to charge the battery 20 to a predetermined charge level, making it ready for discharge, and to start the inverter 40 without using any power from the commercial power source 5, thereby beginning to supply power to the vending machine 30. It is also used, for example, when the vending machine 30 is shut down according to a schedule, to charge it in preparation for when it will be shut down later.

[0080] By using the hybrid power supply methods described above, even when AC power (commercial power) is available, energy conservation efforts can be promoted by effectively utilizing solar panels and storage batteries. Furthermore, by enabling power to be supplied from AC power (commercial power) as needed, vending machines can be operated even when power from solar panels and rechargeable batteries cannot be secured.

[0081] Specifically, for example, during the day, the vending machine operates in Mode 1 without using commercial power, and if sufficient power is generated by the solar panels, the battery is also charged in Mode 4. When the sun sets and the amount of power generated by the solar panels decreases, power is supplied from the battery in Mode 2 to supplement the power supply to the vending machine. Furthermore, at night or when no power is generated at all, power is supplied from the battery in Mode 3, allowing the vending machine to operate solely on battery power. By appropriately selecting and switching between Modes 1 through 4, so-called "off-grid" operation without using commercial power becomes possible.

[0082] On the other hand, in situations such as at night when there is no power generation from the solar panels and the battery charge level is low and cannot be discharged, the fifth mode can be used to charge the battery by supplying power from the commercial power source, thereby making the third mode executable after charging.

[0083] Alternatively, in situations where there is no power generation from solar panels, such as at night, the sixth mode is used to supply power to the vending machine from the commercial power supply, and at the same time, power is supplied to the storage battery from the commercial power supply to charge the battery. This makes it possible to make the system ready to run the third mode after charging.

[0084] Alternatively, for example, when the vending machine is shut down at night, power can be supplied from the commercial power source to the battery during a predetermined time period (e.g., the late-night period when commercial electricity rates are lower, e.g., 0:00 to 6:00) to charge the battery (Mode 7). This allows Mode 3 to be executed when the vending machine is started, even if there is no power generation from the solar panels. Furthermore, charging during the late-night period contributes to so-called off-peak electricity use.

[0085] <Example 1 of operation method using hybrid power supply> As one example, when introducing an unmanned sales system, the battery is placed in Box 2 (Figure 1) with a full charge. The controller is then set to run a sales schedule from 6:00 to 22:00.

[0086] In this case, since the battery is installed fully charged, modes 2 and 3 may be activated immediately after installation. Alternatively, if sufficient power is generated by the solar panels, modes 1 and 4 may be activated immediately.

[0087] If there is no power supply from the solar panels during sales hours, and the battery stops discharging, modes 5 and 6 may be activated. This allows for the continuation of unmanned sales of products without shutting down the vending machine during sales hours.

[0088] Once the sales period ends at 10:00 PM and sales are suspended (10:00 PM to 6:00 AM), the controller turns off the vending machine's power and puts it into a stopped state. Meanwhile, if the battery is not fully charged, the inverter will execute Mode 7 when the commercial power supply (Commercial Power 5) enters the off-peak hours (specific time period) when electricity rates are lower, and will charge the battery until it is fully charged.

[0089] As described above, during sales hours, power is primarily supplied from solar panels and storage batteries, while commercial power is supplied as needed, thereby minimizing the use of commercial power sources. Furthermore, during periods when sales are suspended, charging can be performed as needed during the nighttime hours, allowing for power supply from storage batteries without using commercial power when operations resume during sales hours. Additionally, the period from 6:00 to 9:00 may be designated as a standby period during which no sales are conducted, and the internal products may be cooled to a predetermined temperature in preparation for sales after 9:00.

[0090] <Off-grid operating model> Figures 10 to 14 show configurations that ensure power supply is provided solely from solar panels, representing examples of so-called completely "off-grid" implementation. For example, these are models for installation in environments where commercial power is unavailable, or for operation without connecting to commercial power even when commercial power is available.

[0091] Figure 10: Mode 1: This mode supplies power generated by solar panels to an unmanned vending machine. The first mode example shown in Figure 10 illustrates a state in which electricity generated by the solar panel 10 is supplied to the vending machine 30 for operation. This first mode is executed, for example, when there is sufficient sunlight during the day and the vending machine 30 can be operated solely by the electricity generated by the solar panels 10.

[0092] Figure 11: Second Mode: This mode supplies power to the unmanned vending machine using electricity generated by solar panels and electricity stored in a battery. The second mode example shown in Figure 11 illustrates a state in which the vending machine 30 is operated by supplying power generated by the solar panels 10 and power discharged from the storage battery 20 during the daytime. This second mode is activated, for example, between sunrise and sunset, when the power generated by the generator alone is insufficient to meet the power consumption due to cloudy conditions, and the vending machine 30 is operated using power supplied from the storage battery 20 in addition to the generator power.

[0093] Figure 12: Third mode: This mode supplies power to the vending machine using electricity charged by the storage battery. In the example of the third mode shown in Figure 12, there is no power generation from the solar panels 10 at night or during the day when there is no sunlight, and the vending machine 30 is operated by supplying power from the discharge of the storage battery 20. This third mode is activated, for example, when the solar panels 10 do not generate electricity at night or during the day when there is no sunlight, and the vending machine 30 is operated solely by power supplied from the storage battery 20.

[0094] Figure 13: Mode 4: This mode supplies power generated by solar panels to an unmanned vending machine and a storage battery. In the example of the fourth mode shown in Figure 13, there is sufficient sunlight during the day, and the electricity generated by the solar panels 10 is supplied to the vending machine 30 for operation, while any surplus electricity that is not consumed is supplied to the storage battery 20 for charging. This fourth mode is implemented, for example, when there is sufficient sunlight during the day, the vending machine 30 can be operated solely by the electricity generated by the solar panels 10, and the battery 20 is not fully charged but is still capable of being charged.

[0095] Figure 14: Solar charging mode: This mode charges the battery using electricity generated by solar panels. This solar charging mode is performed, for example, to start the inverter 40 and begin supplying power to the vending machine 30 by charging the battery 20 to a predetermined charge level.

[0096] By using the off-grid operation methods described above, vending machines can be operated without using AC power (commercial power).

[0097] Specifically, for example, during the daytime, the vending machine is operated in the first mode without using commercial power, and furthermore, when the power generation by the solar panel is sufficient, the storage battery is also charged in the fourth mode. Then, when the sun becomes overcast and the power generation amount of the solar panel decreases, power is supplied from the storage battery in the second mode to compensate the power supplied to the vending machine. In addition, when no power is generated at all such as during nighttime, power is supplied from the storage battery in the third mode, so that the vending machine is operated only by the storage battery. By appropriately selecting and switching between the first to fourth modes, so-called "off-grid" operation that does not use commercial power is enabled.

[0098] On the other hand, when there is no power generation by the solar panel during nighttime etc., and the charge amount of the storage battery decreases to a state where discharge cannot be performed, the operation of the vending machine is stopped. Then, for example, when the sun rises and power generation by the solar panel starts, the solar charging mode is entered, and charging of the storage battery is started.

[0099] When the storage battery is charged to a predetermined charging rate by power generated by the solar panel, it enters a dischargeable state, and the inverter is activated by power supply from the storage battery to execute the first to fourth modes.

[0100] By appropriately switching and repeating the above first to fourth modes and the solar charging mode, off-grid operation is enabled.

[0101] ><Example 1 of Off-Grid Operation Method> As one example, there is provided an unmanned vending system including a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine (vending machine), and an inverter, wherein the rated power consumption of the unmanned vending machine is A (W), the rated power consumption of the inverter is B (W), and the stored electricity amount when the storage battery is fully charged is C (Wh). Then, the unmanned vending system is constructed such that (A+B)(W) × predetermined time < C(Wh) holds.

[0102] For example, consider a vending machine with a rated power consumption (refrigeration only) of 223W and an inverter with a rated power consumption of 55W, and assume that the vending machine is operated for 16 hours, from 6:00 to 22:00. In this case, the battery's storage capacity C (Wh) is assumed to be greater than (223 + 55) × 16 (h) = 4448 Wh. As an example, a sodium battery with a capacity of 8646 Wh can be used.

[0103] This allows the vending machine to operate for a predetermined time (16 hours) solely on power supplied from the battery. In this case, the battery is introduced into the unmanned vending system in a charged state (for example, fully charged) with a stored energy capacity C (Wh).

[0104] <Example 2 of an off-grid operation method> As one example, an unmanned sales system may be constructed such that 1.5 × [(A + B)(W) × predetermined time] ≤ C(Wh) ≤ 4 × [(A + B)(W) × predetermined time] holds true. The preferred lower limit for the amount of stored energy C (Wh) in actual operation is 1.7 × [(A + B)(W) × predetermined time]. Furthermore, from the standpoint of the size and weight of the battery, the preferred upper limit of the amount of stored energy C (Wh) in actual operation is 3.5 × [(A + B) (W) × predetermined time], and more preferably 3 × [(A + B) (W) × predetermined time].

[0105] In this case, the battery's storage capacity C (Wh) is large enough to be sufficient compared to the power consumption of the vending machine and inverter, allowing the vending machine to operate off-grid for longer periods without interruption of power from the battery.

[0106] <Example 3 of an off-grid operation method> As one embodiment, the present invention provides an unmanned vending system including a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine (vending machine), and an inverter, wherein the rated power consumption of the unmanned vending machine is A (W), the rated power consumption of the inverter is B (W), and the estimated daily power generation of the solar panel is D (Wh). Then, the unmanned vending system is constructed such that (A+B)(W) × a predetermined time < D(Wh) holds.

[0107] For example, assume that the rated power consumption of the unmanned vending machine is 223 (W), the rated power consumption of the inverter is 55 (W), and it is assumed that the unmanned vending machine is operated for 16 hours from 0:00 to 22:00. In this case, the estimated daily power generation D (Wh) of the solar panel is assumed to be greater than (223+55) × 16 (h) = 4448 Wh.

[0108] Thereby, the vending machine can be operated for a predetermined time (16 hours) only by power generated by the solar panel. In this case, it is assumed that the storage battery is introduced into the unmanned vending system in a fully charged state, for example, and when surplus power is generated by the solar panel, the storage battery is appropriately charged.

[0109] <Example 4 of Off-grid Operation Method> As one embodiment, the present invention provides an unmanned vending system including a solar panel, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, wherein the rated power consumption of the unmanned vending machine is A (W), the rated power consumption of the inverter is B (W), the power storage capacity of the storage battery in a fully charged state is C (Wh), and the estimated daily power generation of the solar panel is D (Wh / day). The following two expressions are satisfied. (A+B)(W) × a predetermined time < C(Wh) (A+B)(W) × a predetermined time < D(Wh / day)

[0110] This allows the vending machine to operate for a predetermined period of time solely on power supplied from the storage battery or generated by solar panels. In this case, the storage battery is introduced into the unmanned vending system in a fully charged state, and any surplus power generated by the solar panels is recharged as needed.

[0111] <Example 5 of an off-grid operation method> As one example, an unmanned vending system is provided, comprising solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, where the rated power consumption of the vending machine is A (W), the rated power consumption of the inverter is B (W), the amount of energy stored in the storage battery when fully charged is C (Wh), and the estimated daily power generation from the solar panels is D (Wh / day). Furthermore, assume that the following two equations hold true. 1.5×[(A+B)(W)×Predetermined time]≦C(Wh)≦4×[(A+B)(W)×Predetermined time] (A+B)(W)×Predetermined time <D(Wh)

[0112] This allows the vending machine to operate for a predetermined period of time solely on power supplied from the battery or generated by solar panels. In this case, the battery is introduced into the unmanned vending system in a fully charged state, and any surplus power generated by the solar panels is recharged as needed. Furthermore, the battery's storage capacity C (Wh) is sufficiently large compared to the power consumption of the unmanned vending machine and inverter, allowing the unmanned vending machine to operate off-grid for longer periods without interruption of power from the battery.

[0113] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the estimated daily power generation D (Wh / day) can be the value calculated from the following formula. D(Wh / day) = Sum of nominal maximum outputs of solar panels (W) × Estimated solar radiation (kWh / m²) 2 ) × loss factor The loss factor is a loss factor for power generation by a solar panel (including loss of power generation efficiency due to temperature rise of the solar panel and power loss occurring before the power is supplied from the solar panel to an inverter).

[0114] Furthermore, the loss factor is, for example, 0.85. The value of loss factor = 0.85 is also introduced, for example, on the webpage titled "How much power does solar power generate per day?" provided by Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. (Source: https: / / uchi.tokyo-gas.co.jp / solor / 0065).

[0115] Furthermore, the estimated solar radiation (kWh / m 2 ) refers to, for example, the estimated solar radiation at the annual optimum tilt angle at the location where an unmanned vending system is installed. As an example, the estimated solar radiation can be obtained from data referenced in the "NEDO Solar Irradiation Database MONSOLA-20". Said data is published on the following NEDO website, and is reproduced as FIG. 15. Source: https: / / appww2.infoc.nedo.go.jp / appww / monsola_map.html

[0116] For example, in the "NEDO Solar Irradiation Database MONSOLA-20", if Kita Ward, Osaka City is specified on the map in the database, and "angle specification" and "solar radiation at annual optimum tilt angle" are further selected, the graph shown in FIG. 15 can be obtained.

[0117] FIG. 16 is a simplified diagram obtained by extracting numerical values from FIG. 15. That is, assuming a case where the system is installed in Kita Ward, Osaka City, this is a graph of estimated solar radiation in Kita Ward, Osaka City obtained from the NEDO Solar Irradiation Database MONSOLA-20. From this diagram, the following can be obtained: (1) the annual average value of monthly solar radiation, (2) the value of monthly solar radiation at the annual optimum tilt angle corresponding to operating months, and (3) the minimum value among the values of monthly solar radiation at the annual optimum tilt angle.

[0118] The estimated solar radiation may, for example, refer to the annual average value of monthly solar radiation. The annual average value of monthly solar radiation can be seen, for example, in Kita Ward, Osaka City, as shown in Figure 16: 4.39 (kWh / m²). 2 )

[0119] Also, estimated solar radiation (kWh / m 2 ) is, for example, the monthly solar radiation value at the annual optimal tilt angle corresponding to the month of operation at the location where the unmanned sales system is installed. For example, if the unmanned sales system is operated only in August, the solar radiation value for August may be referred to. For example, if it is operated only in August, in Kita Ward, Osaka City, from Figure 16 it is 5.33 (kWh / m 2 You may also refer to ).

[0120] Also, estimated solar radiation (kWh / m 2 ) may, for example, be the minimum value among the monthly solar radiation values ​​at the annual optimal tilt angle at the location where the unmanned sales stem is installed. In Kita Ward, Osaka City, the minimum value among the monthly solar radiation values ​​at the annual optimal tilt angle is 3.41 (kWh / m²) as shown in Figure 16. 2 )

[0121] Also, estimated solar radiation (kWh / m 2 For example, the solar radiation (annual average) at the optimal annual tilt angle described in "NEDO Renewable Energy Technology White Paper, 2nd Edition, Chapter 2, Photovoltaic Power Generation, P25, Figure 2-26" at the location where the unmanned sales system is installed is [kWh / m²]. 2 It may also be the value converted to [ ]. "NEDO Renewable Energy Technology White Paper - Challenges and Solutions to Overcome for the Widespread Adoption of Renewable Energy - 2nd Edition - Chapter 2 - Photovoltaic Power Generation - Edited by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) - Published February 2014 - P25 - Figure 2-26" is referenced, for example, at "Source: https: / / www.nedo.go.jp / content / 100544817.pdf". Figure 2-26 from the same document is shown in Figure 17.

[0122] As shown in Figure 17, when installing an unmanned vending system in Japan, the required 11-17 (MJ / m 2 It can be seen that the annual average solar radiation on a slope at the optimal annual tilt angle is obtained at 1 (MJ / m²). When converted to units, this is 1 (MJ / m²). 2 ) = 0.2778 (kWh / m 2 Therefore, in Japan, the annual solar radiation on a slope with an optimal tilt angle (annual average / normal value) is 3-5 (kW / m²). 2 It can be seen that it is / day).

[0123] Below, assuming the installation of an unmanned sales system in Kita Ward, Osaka City, as shown in Figures 15 and 16, the minimum value of the monthly solar radiation at the optimal annual tilt angle is 3.41 (kWh / m²). 2 An example using ) is given.

[0124] (1) Solar panels: Nominal maximum output operating voltage: 30V Nominal maximum output of solar panels: 275 (W) Module conversion efficiency: 21% Number of solar panels used: 6 panels connected in series Solar panel installation angle: 33 degrees (installed at the optimal annual tilt angle obtained from MONSOLA-20 in Kita-ku, Osaka City) Solar panel installation azimuth angle: 0 degrees (The azimuth angle is calculated clockwise, with south being 0 degrees.) (2) Estimated power generation D: D(Wh / day) = Sum of nominal maximum outputs of solar panels (W) × Estimated solar radiation (kWh / m²) 2 It is calculated as ( ) × loss factor (0.85). i) Sum of the nominal maximum output of the solar panels: 275(W) x 6 panels = 1650(W) ii) Estimated daily power generation D (Wh / day) =1650(W)×estimated solar radiation 3.41(kWh / m 2 ) × loss factor (0.85) This equals 4782 (W / day). Therefore, the amount of electricity that can be generated in a day is 4782 (W / day). (3) Electricity required to operate the unmanned sales system: We will calculate the operating time for a vending machine with a rated power consumption of 223W and an inverter with a rated power consumption of 55W (total: 278W), operating for 16 hours a day (6:00 AM to 10:00 PM). (4) Daily electricity required to operate the vending machine and inverter: 278 (W) × 16 (h) = 4448 (Wh / day) Therefore, the daily electricity required to operate the unmanned sales system is 4448 (Wh / day)W. (5) From the results of (2) and (4) above, Daily electricity required for operation: 4448 (Wh / day) < Daily power generation: 4782 (Wh / day) This relationship can be achieved. Furthermore, it can be understood that this difference of 334 (W / day) can be charged into the battery. (6) Relationship with battery capacity: Furthermore, to illustrate the use of a sodium battery with a capacity of 8646 Wh, It can be understood that it can supply more than 1.9 times the amount of electricity required for operation per day: 4448 (Wh / day). (7) Because six solar panels are connected in series, a high voltage of 30(V) × 6 = 180(V) can be extracted, making it possible to adopt the MPPT charging method. This offers the advantage of enabling rapid charging, and also the advantage of reducing the amount of heat generated in the cables by suppressing the current.

[0125] When the above configuration was actually operated in Osaka Prefecture, the power consumption of the inverter was measured at 33W when the compressor of a beverage vending machine with a rated power consumption of 223W (cold-only operation, cooling operation only) was running, and when the compressor of the vending machine was not running, the power consumption of the inverter was measured at 10W. This confirmed that the actual power consumption of the inverter is less than the rated power consumption of 55W, and it was found that the above configuration is valid. If the vending machine starts operating at 6:00 and after the operating end time of 22:00, when the operation stop time (22:00 to 6:00) has passed, the controller turns off the power to the vending machine and puts it into a stopped state, then the above configuration is valid.

[0126] <Examples of display functions> As shown in Figure 1, in the unmanned sales system 1, for example, a digital display screen 80 such as an LCD panel may be provided on the front of the box 2, and a display mechanism capable of displaying the power generation status, power supply status, etc., may be provided.

[0127] Specifically, as shown in Figures 18(A) to (C), the system can be configured to display the power supply status from the solar panel to the vending machine, the power supply status from the solar panel to the battery, and the power supply status from the battery to the vending machine.

[0128] In the example shown in Figure 18(A), 300W is generated by the solar panel, 200W is consumed by the vending machine, and the battery is being charged. The remaining charge of the storage battery (90%) and the power supply from the storage battery to the vending machine (0W) are also displayed.

[0129] In the example shown in Figure 18(B), 150W is generated by the solar panels, and 50W is supplied from the battery, resulting in a total power consumption of 200W by the vending machine.

[0130] In the example shown in Figure 18(C), no power is generated by the solar panels, and 200W is supplied from the battery, which is then consumed by the vending machine.

[0131] By doing so, the power generation status, charging status, and consumption status can be displayed in real time, making the use of renewable energy visible and helping to raise environmental awareness among vending machine users.

[0132] In the vending machine 30 shown in Figure 1, it is also possible to install a CO2 absorbent in the manner disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2024-22430 (Title of Invention: Vending Machine; Publication Date: February 16, 2024). This makes it possible to suppress the amount of CO2 even in the configuration of the present invention. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0133] 1. Unmanned sales system 2 boxes 10 Solar panels 20 Storage batteries 25 Controllers 30 Vending machines 35 Controllers 36 Power section 40 Inverter 45 Controllers 80 Digital display screen

Claims

1. A method for operating an unmanned sales system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, and an unmanned vending machine, wherein the method enables power supply from the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine.

2. A method for operating an unmanned sales system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, wherein the method enables power supply from the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine.

3. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, A method for operating an unmanned sales system in which the voltage output from the solar panel to the inverter is 100V or higher.

4. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, A method for operating an unmanned sales system where the sum of the nominal maximum outputs of the solar panels is 100 (W) or more.

5. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, The average annual solar radiation at the optimal annual tilt angle for the installation site of the unmanned sales system is 3 to 5 (kW / m²). ２ The method of operating an unmanned sales system (as of [date / time]).

6. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, How to operate an unmanned sales system where multiple solar panels are connected in series.

7. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, It has multiple sets of solar panels, each consisting of multiple solar panels connected in series. A method for operating an unmanned sales system in which the aforementioned multiple solar panel sets are connected in parallel.

8. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, A method for operating an unmanned sales system in which the storage capacity of the battery when fully charged is 50 Wh or more.

9. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, A method for operating an unmanned sales system where the rated power consumption of the inverter is 200 watts or less.

10. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, A method for operating an unmanned vending machine system where the rated power consumption of the vending machine is 300 watts or less.

11. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, Solar panels with a nominal maximum output sum of 100 (W) or more, A method for operating an unmanned vending system having an unmanned vending machine with a rated power consumption of 700 (W) or less.

12. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, and an unmanned vending machine, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, The power supply status from the solar panels to the unmanned vending machine, The power supply status from the solar panels to the battery, The power supply status from the battery to the vending machine, A method for operating an unmanned sales system equipped with a display mechanism that shows [information].

13. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, An operating method for an unmanned sales system in which two or more modes selected from the following modes 1 to 7 can be executed, and which can be switched to any of these modes. Mode 1: Power generated by solar panels is supplied to the unmanned vending machine. Mode 2: Power is supplied to the vending machine using electricity generated by solar panels and electricity stored in a battery. Mode 3: Power is supplied to the vending machine using electricity charged by the battery. Mode 4: Power generated by solar panels is supplied to the vending machine and storage battery. Mode 5: Powering the vending machine with commercial electricity. Mode 6: Power the vending machine with commercial power, and power the battery with commercial power. Mode 7: Supplying commercial power to the battery.

14. Mode 7 is performed during a predetermined time period. The method for operating the unmanned sales system according to feature 13.

15. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, An operating method for an unmanned sales system that can perform two or more modes selected from the following modes 1 to 4, as well as a solar charging mode, and can switch between any of these modes. Mode 1: Power generated by solar panels is supplied to the unmanned vending machine. Mode 2: Power is supplied to the vending machine using electricity generated by solar panels and electricity stored in a battery. Mode 3: Power is supplied to the vending machine using electricity charged by the battery. Mode 4: Power generated by solar panels is supplied to the vending machine and storage battery. Solar charging mode: The battery is charged using electricity generated by solar panels.

16. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, An unmanned sales system capable of performing two or more modes selected from the following modes 1 to 4, as well as a solar charging mode, and capable of switching between any of these modes, wherein in solar charging mode, when the battery has been charged to a predetermined percentage, the system switches to one of modes 1 to 4. Mode 1: Power generated by solar panels is supplied to the unmanned vending machine. Mode 2: Power is supplied to the vending machine using electricity generated by solar panels and electricity stored in a battery. Mode 3: Power is supplied to the vending machine using electricity charged by the battery. Mode 4: Power generated by solar panels is supplied to the vending machine and storage battery. Solar charging mode: The battery is charged using electricity generated by solar panels.

17. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, The rated power consumption of the unmanned vending machine is A (W), The rated power consumption of the inverter is B (W), The amount of energy stored in a fully charged battery is C (Wh), (A + B)(W) × predetermined time < C(Wh), A method for operating an unmanned vending system that allows unmanned vending machines to operate off-grid for a predetermined period of time.

18. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, The rated power consumption of the unmanned vending machine is A (W), The rated power consumption of the inverter is B (W), The amount of energy stored in a fully charged battery is C (Wh), 1.5 × [(A + B)(W) × predetermined time] ≤ C(Wh) ≤ 4 × [(A + B)(W) × predetermined time], A method for operating an unmanned vending system that allows unmanned vending machines to operate off-grid for a predetermined period of time.

19. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, The rated power consumption of the unmanned vending machine is A (W), The rated power consumption of the inverter is B (W), The estimated daily power generation from a solar panel is D (Wh), (A + B)(W) × predetermined time < D(Wh), A method for operating an unmanned vending system that allows unmanned vending machines to operate off-grid for a predetermined period of time.

20. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, The rated power consumption of the unmanned vending machine is A (W), The rated power consumption of the inverter is B (W), The amount of energy stored in a fully charged battery is C (Wh), The estimated daily power generation from a solar panel is D (Wh / day), (A + B)(W) × predetermined time < C(Wh), (A + B)(W) × predetermined time < D (Wh / day), A method for operating an unmanned vending system that allows unmanned vending machines to operate off-grid for a predetermined period of time.

21. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and an inverter, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine, The rated power consumption of the unmanned vending machine is A (W), The rated power consumption of the inverter is B (W), The amount of energy stored in a fully charged battery is C (Wh). The estimated daily power generation from a solar panel is D (Wh / day), 1.5 × [(A + B)(W) × predetermined time] ≤ C(Wh) ≤ 4 × [(A + B)(W) × predetermined time], (A + B)(W) × predetermined time < D(Wh), A method for operating an unmanned vending system that allows unmanned vending machines to operate off-grid for a predetermined period of time.

22. The aforementioned battery is introduced into the unmanned sales system when fully charged. A method for operating an unmanned sales system according to any one of claims 2 to 21.

23. The estimated daily power generation D (Wh / day) is characterized by being a value calculated from the following formula: A method for operating an unmanned sales system according to any one of claims 19 to 21. D (Wh / day) = Sum of nominal maximum outputs of solar panels (W) × Estimated solar radiation (kWh / m²) ２ ) × loss factor

24. The method for operating an unmanned sales system according to claim 23, characterized in that the loss coefficient is 0.

85.

25. The aforementioned estimated solar radiation (kWh / m ２ The method for operating an unmanned sales system according to claim 23, characterized in that ) is the annual average value of monthly solar radiation at the annually optimal tilt angle at the location where the unmanned sales system is installed.

26. The aforementioned estimated solar radiation (kWh / m ２ The method for operating an unmanned sales system according to claim 23, characterized in that ) is the value of the monthly solar radiation at the annual optimal tilt angle corresponding to the month of operation at the location where the unmanned sales system is installed.

27. The aforementioned estimated solar radiation (kWh / m ２ The method for operating an unmanned sales system according to claim 23, characterized in that ) is the minimum value among the monthly solar radiation values ​​at the annual optimal tilt angle at the location where the unmanned sales system is installed.

28. The aforementioned estimated solar radiation (kWh / m ２ ) The annual average solar radiation at the optimal tilt angle described in "NEDO Renewable Energy Technology White Paper, 2nd Edition, Chapter 2, Photovoltaic Power Generation, p. 25, Figure 2-26" at the location where the unmanned sales system is installed is [kWh / m²]. ２ The method for operating an unmanned sales system according to claim 23, characterized in that the value is converted to [ ].

29. The controller in the inverter and the controller in the battery are connected via communication. The battery is controlled to discharge at a predetermined voltage. A method for operating an unmanned sales system according to any one of claims 2 to 21.

30. A solar panel characterized by having a module conversion rate of 15% or more. A method for operating an unmanned sales system according to any one of claims 1 to 21.

31. The aforementioned storage battery is characterized in that it is a sodium-ion battery. A method for operating an unmanned sales system according to any one of claims 1 to 21.

32. A method for operating an unmanned vending system equipped with solar panels, a storage battery, an unmanned vending machine, and carbon dioxide absorbent, which enables power supply from at least the storage battery to the unmanned vending machine.

33. A method for operating an unmanned sales system according to any one of claims 1 to 21, A method for operating an unmanned vending system, wherein the aforementioned unmanned vending machine is equipped with a carbon dioxide absorbent.

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