Vehicle window glass, and method for manufacturing vehicle window glass

Abstract

To provide vehicle window glass that can create a comfortable vehicle environment for the occupants' skin. [Solution] A vehicle window glass 1 according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises a glass plate 11 and a coating layer 12 formed on the surface of the glass plate 11. The vehicle window glass 1 has a minimum transmittance of 600 mm on at least one side, an average transmittance A of electromagnetic waves in the near-infrared wavelength band from 780 nm to 2,500 nm, and when the average transmittance of electromagnetic waves in the visible long-wavelength band from 650 nm to 750 nm is denoted as b1 and the average transmittance of electromagnetic waves in the entire visible wavelength band from 380 nm to 780 nm is denoted as b2, the value B of the percentage of b1 to b2 (b1 / b2 × 100) is 50% or more, and has a minimum transmittance in the wavelength band from 500 nm to 600 nm.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This disclosure relates to vehicle window glass and a method for manufacturing vehicle window glass. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, with the advancement of autonomous driving technology and the rise of MaaS (Mobility as a Service), vehicles are increasingly viewed not merely as a means of transportation, but as mobile living spaces for work, entertainment, and residence. Therefore, there is a growing demand for vehicle spaces that prioritize the health and comfort of occupants. Patent Document 1 discloses technology related to dimmable glass capable of altering light transmission. By incorporating such dimmable glass, the comfort of the vehicle space is improved. Furthermore, for example, vehicle window glass that blocks ultraviolet rays has been developed to protect occupants from sunburn (e.g., Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 2012-503123 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-345490 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0004] Vehicle windows have the function of controlling the wavelengths of sunlight that reach the vehicle. Appropriate control of the wavelengths of sunlight reaching the vehicle is crucial for ensuring the health and comfort of the occupants.

[0005] For example, focusing on the skin of the occupants, the sunlight reaching the vehicle contains wavelengths of light that are harmful to the skin (such as ultraviolet rays), while other wavelengths of light have beneficial effects. Furthermore, there are wavelengths of light that make the occupants' skin appear healthier inside the vehicle. Therefore, to create a vehicle environment that is beneficial to the occupants' skin, it is crucial to appropriately control the wavelengths of sunlight that reach the vehicle.

[0006] In view of the above issues, the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a vehicle window glass that can create a vehicle space that is comfortable for the occupants' skin, and a method for manufacturing a vehicle window glass. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] A vehicle window glass according to one aspect of this disclosure, and the vehicle window glass are as follows:

[0008] [1] A vehicle window glass comprising a glass plate and a coating layer formed on the surface of the glass plate, The aforementioned vehicle window glass has a length of at least one side of the vehicle window glass of 600 mm or less. The average transmittance A of electromagnetic waves in the near-infrared wavelength band from 780 nm to 2,500 nm is 65% or less. If b1 is the average transmittance of electromagnetic waves in the visible light long wavelength band from 650 nm to 750 nm, and b2 is the average transmittance of electromagnetic waves in the visible light all wavelength band from 380 nm to 780 nm, then the value B, which is the percentage of b1 to b2 (b1 / b2 × 100), is 50% or more. It has a minimum transmittance value in the wavelength band between 500 nm and 600 nm. Vehicle window glass.

[0009] [2] The aforementioned glass plate is made of tempered glass, as described in [1], for a vehicle window glass.

[0010] [3] The aforementioned glass plate is made of clear glass, as described in [1], for a vehicle window glass.

[0011] [4] The Martens hardness of the outermost surface on the side having the coating layer of the vehicle window glass is 500(N / mm 2 ) or more and 800(N / mm 2 ) or less, the vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [3].

[0012] [5] The vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the visible light transmittance Tv of the vehicle window glass satisfies Tv≧70%.

[0013] [6] The average transmittance A is 30% or less, the value B is 90% or more, the vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [5].

[0014] [7] When CIE standard illuminant D65 is used as a light source and the light from the light source transmits through the vehicle window glass, L of the transmitted light * a * b * chromaticity a in the color space * and chromaticity b * satisfy a * >1.5 and -3.0<b * <3.0, the vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [6].

[0015] [8] The vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein a PS value, which is an index indicating the preference of skin appearance, is 70 or more.

[0016] [9] The vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein a resin material is provided around the vehicle window glass.

[0017]

[10] The aforementioned vehicle window glass is a front bench glass, as described in any one of items [1] to [9].

[0018]

[11] The L of the transmitted light in the aforementioned vehicle window glass and another vehicle window glass adjacent to it, when the light from the CIE standard light source D65 is used as the light source, when the light from the said light source passes through the aforementioned vehicle window glass and the other vehicle window glass. * a * b * Chromatic difference ΔE in color space * a head, ΔE * Vehicle window glass as described in any one of items [1] to [9], satisfying ab < 4.0.

[0019]

[12] The vehicle window glass in the above-mentioned vehicle is a front bench glass. The aforementioned other vehicle windows are the windshield or the front door windows. Vehicle window glass as described in

[11] .

[0020]

[13] A method for manufacturing vehicle window glass having a coating layer, Prepare a glass plate with at least one side length of 600 mm or less. A coating agent for forming the aforementioned coating layer is applied to the glass plate. The glass plate to which the coating agent has been applied is heated at a temperature of less than 220°C to cure the coating agent and form the coating layer. The coating agent contains a dye having an absorption wavelength in the wavelength band of 500 nm to 600 nm. A method for manufacturing vehicle window glass. [Effects of the Invention]

[0021] This disclosure provides a vehicle window glass that can create a comfortable vehicle environment for the occupants' skin, and a method for manufacturing vehicle window glass. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0022] [Figure 1] This is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of a vehicle window glass according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] This is a perspective view showing a front bench glass configuration using the vehicle window glass according to the embodiment. [Figure 3] This graph shows the experimental results of the SD method. [Figure 4] This graph shows the relationship between PS value and the perceived attractiveness of skin appearance. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0023] <Summary of this disclosure> The vehicle window glass relating to this disclosure is characterized by satisfying the following three requirements (1) to (3). Requirement (1): The average transmittance A of electromagnetic waves in the near-infrared wavelength band from 780 nm to 2,500 nm is 65% or less. Requirement (2): If b1 is the average transmittance of electromagnetic waves in the visible light long wavelength band from 650 nm to 750 nm, and b2 is the average transmittance of electromagnetic waves in the visible light all wavelength band from 380 nm to 780 nm, then the value B, which is the percentage of b1 to b2 (b1 / b2 × 100), must be 50% or more. Requirement (3): It has a minimum transmittance in the wavelength band between 500 nm and 600 nm.

[0024] The vehicle window glass described herein satisfies the three requirements (1) to (3) above, thereby creating a vehicle environment that is comfortable for the occupants' skin. Specifically, by satisfying requirements (1) and (2) above, it has a beneficial effect on the occupants' skin. Furthermore, by satisfying requirements (2) and (3) above, it is possible to make the occupants' skin appear beautiful inside the vehicle.

[0025] The vehicle window glass according to this disclosure is a window glass used in a vehicle and is typically composed of a single glass plate. The vehicle window glass according to this disclosure has a length of at least one side of 600 mm or less. By setting the size of the vehicle window glass to such a size, it is possible to suppress variations in the thickness of the coating layer formed on the vehicle window glass.

[0026] The vehicle window glass according to this disclosure can be used in any position in a vehicle where a window glass of the above size is to be placed. The vehicle window glass according to this disclosure can be used as a window glass in a vehicle, excluding window glass made of laminated glass. For example, the vehicle window glass according to this disclosure can be used as a front bench window in a vehicle.

[0027] The configuration examples of vehicle window glass related to this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0028] <Detailed explanation of this disclosure> Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of a vehicle window glass according to an embodiment. As shown in Figure 1, the vehicle window glass 1 has a glass plate 11 and a coating layer 12 formed on the surface of the glass plate 11.

[0029] The vehicle window glass 1 (glass plate 11) in this embodiment may be flat or curved. The curved plate may include a flat portion. The curved plate may be a simple curved shape curved in one direction or a three-dimensional shape curved in two or more directions. The three-dimensional shape may be, for example, a double curved shape curved in two orthogonal directions. In the following example, the case in which the glass plate 11 is made of a flat plate will be described.

[0030] The outer edge shape of the glass plate 11 in plan view can be any shape, but rectangular, trapezoidal, and triangular shapes are preferred, for example. For example, the side of the glass plate 11 on which the coating layer 12 is formed (upper side of the paper) may be placed on the inside of the vehicle, and the side on which the coating layer 12 is not formed (lower side of the paper) may be placed on the outside of the vehicle.

[0031] The glass plate 11 can be made of, for example, transparent inorganic glass. The glass plate 11 may also be made of, for example, soda-lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, or quartz glass. The glass plate 11 may be made of clear glass or colored glass such as green glass. The glass plate 11 is manufactured using, for example, the float process or the fusion process, but is not limited to these methods.

[0032] For example, the composition of clear glass is as follows. Note that the values ​​are mass percent based on oxides.

[0033] (Example of clear glass composition) SiO2: 65-80% Al2O3: 0-5% MgO: 0-12% CaO: 0-15% Na2O: 5-20% K2O: 0-10% Iron content when converted to Fe2O3: 0-0.2%

[0034] Furthermore, examples of green glass composition are as follows. Green glass possesses the ability to absorb ultraviolet light. Green glass can be formed by adding iron components made from raw materials such as iron powder, iron oxide powder, and red iron oxide. Note that the values ​​are mass percent based on oxide.

[0035] (Composition of green glass) SiO2: 65-75% Al2O3: 0-5% MgO: 0-6% CaO: 5-15% Na2O: 10-20% K2O: 0-5% Total iron content (calculated as Fe2O3): 0.3-0.8% TiO2: 0.2~0.8%

[0036] The thickness of the glass plate 11 is preferably 1.5 mm to 10 mm. The thickness of the glass plate 11 may also be, for example, 1.8 mm or more, 2.5 mm or more, or 2.8 mm or more. Furthermore, the thickness of the glass plate 11 may be 6 mm or less, 4 mm or less, 3.1 mm or less, or 2.3 mm or less. The upper and lower limits of the above numerical ranges can be combined arbitrarily; for example, 2.4 mm to 4 mm is also acceptable.

[0037] The vehicle window glass 1 (glass plate 11) may be made of tempered glass. The tempered glass may be either physically tempered glass or chemically tempered glass. For example, air-cooled tempered glass may be used as physically tempered glass. Chemically tempered glass can be formed, for example, by contacting the glass with a molten salt containing alkali metal ions, causing ion exchange between the alkali metal ions in the glass and the alkali metal ions in the molten salt, thereby forming a compressive stress layer on the glass surface and strengthening it.

[0038] In this embodiment, the vehicle window glass 1 (glass plate 11) has a length of at least one side of the vehicle window glass of 600 mm or less, preferably 400 mm or less, and more preferably 200 mm or less. For example, if the glass plate 11 is rectangular or trapezoidal, it is preferable that the lengths of two or more sides of the vehicle window glass be 600 mm or less, more preferably that the length of each of the four sides be 600 mm or less, particularly preferably 400 mm or less, and even more preferably 200 mm or less. The length of the glass plate refers to the length in the horizontal and vertical directions of the glass plate surface, and is the dimension along the largest surface. The horizontal and vertical lengths of the glass plate refer to the length in the direction horizontal to the ground when installed on a vehicle, and the vertical length refers to the length in the direction perpendicular to the ground.

[0039] The coating layer 12 is a layer provided to ensure that the vehicle window glass 1 according to this embodiment satisfies the three requirements (1) to (3) described above. The coating layer 12 is, for example, a colored coating layer, and a pink coating agent can be used. For example, the coating agent may contain a dye having an absorption wavelength in the wavelength band of 500 nm to 600 nm. As an example, the coating agent may contain a dye (basic red 13) having the following structure. [ka]

[0040] The coating agent can be prepared, for example, as follows: The coating agent preferably contains a dye having an absorption wavelength in the wavelength band of 500 nm to 600 nm (for example, Basic Red 13 mentioned above), an ultraviolet absorber, and a curable silane. A curable silane is a silicon compound having at least one hydroxyl group or hydrolyzable group bonded to a silicon atom, and having one or more such silicon atoms. A hydrolyzable group is a group that can be hydrolyzed to become a hydroxyl group, and examples include alkoxy groups, chlorine atoms, acyl groups, and acyloxy groups. As the curable silane, an alkoxysilane having at least two alkoxy groups bonded to a silicon atom is preferred, and as the alkoxy group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferred.

[0041] Examples of UV absorbers include triazine-based UV absorbers, benzotriazole-based UV absorbers, benzophenone-based UV absorbers, azomethine-based UV absorbers, indole-based UV absorbers, benzodithiol-based UV absorbers, and oxazolone-based UV absorbers. In particular, it is preferable that the UV absorber be one or more selected from azomethine-based UV absorbers, indole-based UV absorbers, and benzodithiol-based UV absorbers. When the UV absorber is one or more selected from azomethine-based UV absorbers, indole-based UV absorbers, and benzodithiol-based UV absorbers, ultraviolet rays in the 380nm to 400nm range can be efficiently blocked.

[0042] Preferred curable silanes are tetraalkoxysilanes and bisalkoxysilanes. Examples of tetraalkoxysilanes include tetraethoxysilanes and tetramethoxysilanes. The bisalkoxysilane is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (1). R 1 n X 1 3-n Si-Q-SiR 2 m X 2 3-m ...(1)

[0043] R 1 and R 2 Each of these is independently a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and X 1 and X 2 Each of the following is independently an alkoxy group, Q is a linear or branched divalent hydrocarbon group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and n and m are independently 0, 1, or 2.

[0044] The viscosity of the coating agent is preferably 0.5 mPa·s or more and 5 mPa·s or less. In this embodiment, the viscosity of the coating agent refers to the value obtained when a composition with a solid content concentration of 30% by mass is measured at 25°C using an E-type viscometer (RE-85, manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd.). The viscosity of the coating agent can be adjusted using surface modifiers, solvents, concentrations, etc., in addition to the above materials. The viscosity of the coating agent is more preferably 1 mPa·s or more and 3 mPa·s or less, and particularly preferably 1.4 mPa·s or more and 2.5 mPa·s or less.

[0045] The above coating agent is merely an example, and in this embodiment, any configuration is acceptable as long as it includes a dye having an absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 500 nm to 600 nm.

[0046] In manufacturing the vehicle window glass 1 according to this embodiment, the above-mentioned coating agent is applied to the surface of a glass plate 11, and the glass plate 11 with the coating agent applied is heated to a temperature of less than 220°C to cure the coating agent and form a coating layer 12. The lower limit of the temperature for curing the coating agent is preferably 80°C or higher, more preferably 100°C or higher, and even more preferably 125°C or higher. The upper limit of the temperature for curing the coating agent is preferably less than 220°C, more preferably 200°C or lower, and even more preferably 180°C or lower. The temperature range for curing the coating agent can be arbitrarily set between these upper and lower limits.

[0047] By forming the coating layer 12 using this method, the Martens hardness of the coating layer 12 is increased to 500 (N / mm²). 2 ) or more 800 (N / mm 2 ) or less. The Martens hardness of the coating layer 12 is the hardness measured at the outermost surface of the coating layer 12 (the outermost surface on the air side), and is 500 (N / mm²). 2 Preferably, the Martens hardness is 500 (N / mm²) or higher. 2 By having a surface hardness of 800 (N / mm²) or higher, it is possible to create vehicle window glass 1 with excellent surface durability. In addition, the Martens hardness of the coating layer 12 is 800 (N / mm²). 2 A hardness of ) or less is preferable because it can suppress cracking and peeling of the coating layer and ensure the appearance of the coating layer 12. The vehicle window glass 1 (glass plate 11) according to this embodiment may further have a functional layer (not shown) on the outermost surface of the coating layer 12. Examples of functional layers not shown include a hard coat layer, an anti-fouling layer, and an anti-reflective layer. When a functional layer is present on the surface of the coating layer 12, the Martens hardness of the vehicle window glass 1 (glass plate 11) is the hardness measured at the outermost surface of the functional layer.

[0048] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the vehicle window glass 1 (glass plate 11) has a length of at least one side of the vehicle window glass of 600 mm or less. Therefore, when applying a coating agent to the surface of the glass plate 11 and curing the applied coating agent to form a coating layer 12, it is possible to suppress variations in the thickness of the coating layer 12. In other words, since the film thickness deviation of the coating layer 12 can be reduced, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of color unevenness in the coating layer 12 formed on the glass plate 11.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, the a at the maximum film thickness of the coating layer 12 * and a at the minimum film thickness * The difference between this and Δa * The value of is Δa * <9 is preferable, Δa * <5 is more preferable, Δa * <2 is even more preferable. Δa * By setting the value of within this range, color unevenness caused by differences in the thickness of the coating layer 12 formed on the glass plate 11 can be made less noticeable. Here, a * This refers to the L of the transmitted light when the light from the CIE standard light source D65 is passed through the vehicle window glass 1. * a * b * Chromaticity a in color space * That is the case.

[0050] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the L of the transmitted light is obtained when the light from the CIE standard light source D65 is used as the light source and passes through the region of each vehicle window glass 1 where the visible light transmittance Tv is Tv > 70%. * a * b * Chromatic difference ΔE in color space * ab is ΔE * It is preferable that ab < 4.0, and ΔE * It is more preferable that ab < 2.5, and ΔE * It is even more preferable that ab < 2.0, and ΔE * It is particularly preferable that ab < 1.5, and ΔE * It is particularly preferable that ab < 1.0. (Color difference ΔE) *When ab is within the above range, the chromaticity of the transmitted light entering the vehicle will be similar, thus suppressing the appearance of people and objects inside the vehicle as changing color depending on their location and angle.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, by providing a coating layer 12 on the surface of the glass plate 11, a vehicle window glass 1 that satisfies the following requirements (1) to (3) can be realized, and a vehicle space that is comfortable for the occupants' skin can be realized. In this embodiment, the coating layer 12 may be adjusted according to the glass plate 11 used so that the vehicle window glass 1 satisfies the following requirements (1) to (3).

[0052] Requirement (1): The average transmittance A of electromagnetic waves in the near-infrared wavelength band from 780 nm to 2,500 nm is 65% or less. Requirement (2): If b1 is the average transmittance of electromagnetic waves in the visible light long wavelength band from 650 nm to 750 nm, and b2 is the average transmittance of electromagnetic waves in the visible light all wavelength band from 380 nm to 780 nm, then the value B, which is the percentage of b1 to b2 (b1 / b2 × 100), must be 50% or more. Requirement (3): It has a minimum transmittance in the wavelength band between 500 nm and 600 nm.

[0053] The vehicle window glass 1 according to this embodiment satisfies the three requirements (1) to (3) above, and therefore can create a vehicle space that is comfortable for the occupants' skin. In other words, by satisfying requirements (1) and (2) above, it can provide a comfortable experience for the occupants' skin.

[0054] In other words, requirement (1) stipulates that the average transmittance A of electromagnetic waves in the near-infrared wavelength band must be 65% or less. Light in the near-infrared wavelength band, like ultraviolet light, is said to be a cause of skin aging in humans. Therefore, it is thought that by keeping the average transmittance A of light in the near-infrared wavelength band at 65% or less, skin aging of the crew can be suppressed.

[0055] Furthermore, requirement (2) stipulates that value B must be 50% or more. Here, value B is the ratio of the average transmittance b1 in the long-wavelength visible light band to the average transmittance b2 in the entire visible light band, and represents the proportion of light in the long-wavelength visible light band (650nm to 750nm). Light in the long-wavelength visible light band (650nm to 750nm), i.e., red light, has beneficial effects on human skin and helps prevent wrinkles and sagging. Therefore, by making the proportion of light in the long-wavelength visible light band (650nm to 750nm), i.e., value B, 50% or more, it can have a beneficial effect on the crew's skin.

[0056] Furthermore, by satisfying requirements (2) and (3) above, the occupants' skin can be made to look good inside the vehicle. In other words, light in the visible light long wavelength band (650nm to 750nm), i.e., red light, has the effect of making skin look good. Therefore, if requirement (2) is satisfied, the proportion of light in the visible light long wavelength band (650nm to 750nm), i.e., value B, will be 50% or more, so the occupants' skin can be made to look good inside the vehicle. Also, light in the wavelength band between 500nm and 600nm has the effect of worsening the appearance of skin due to the optical properties of skin. Therefore, by having a minimum transmittance value in the wavelength band between 500nm and 600nm (requirement (3)), the amount of light in the wavelength band between 500nm and 600nm can be reduced, and the occupants' skin can be made to look good inside the vehicle.

[0057] The average transmittance b1 can be obtained by taking the arithmetic mean of the transmittance values ​​obtained at 5 nm intervals in the wavelength range from 650 nm to 750 nm. The average transmittance b2 can be obtained by taking the arithmetic mean of the transmittance values ​​obtained at 5 nm intervals in the wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm. Furthermore, the "minimum transmittance" refers to the point in a given wavelength range where the transmittance changes from decreasing to increasing as the wavelength increases from the shorter wavelength side to the longer wavelength side. In other words, the transmittance at the wavelength where the transmittance is minimum is smaller than the transmittance at the wavelengths before and after it.

[0058] The vehicle window glass 1 described above makes it possible to create a vehicle environment that is comfortable for the occupants' skin.

[0059] In this embodiment, the average transmittance A of requirement (1) described above is preferably 65% ​​or less, more preferably 40% or less, even more preferably 30% or less, and particularly preferably 20% or less. The average transmittance A of requirement (1) described above may be, for example, 5% or more. Also, the value B of requirement (2) described above is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 90% or more, even more preferably 100% or more, and even more preferably 110% or more. The value B of requirement (2) described above may be, for example, 150% or less.

[0060] The vehicle window glass 1 according to this embodiment may have an average transmittance of less than 1% for electromagnetic waves in the ultraviolet light wavelength band shorter than 380 nm. The average transmittance may be less than 0.7%, less than 0.5%, less than 0.3%, or less than 0.1%. With this configuration, the amount of ultraviolet light transmitted through the vehicle window glass can be reduced, and sunburn on the occupants can be suppressed.

[0061] In this embodiment, the average transmittance b1 of electromagnetic waves in the visible light long wavelength band from 650 nm to 750 nm is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more, more preferably 55% or more, more preferably 58% or more, more preferably 60% or more, even more preferably 65% ​​or more, and particularly preferably 70% or more. Furthermore, the average transmittance b1 of electromagnetic waves in the visible light long wavelength band is preferably 90% or less, more preferably 80% or less, and even more preferably 75% or less.

[0062] In this embodiment, the average transmittance b2 of electromagnetic waves in the entire visible light wavelength band from 380 nm to 780 nm is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 40% or more, and even more preferably 50% or more. Furthermore, the average transmittance b2 of electromagnetic waves in the entire visible light wavelength band is preferably 80% or less, and more preferably 75% or less. In addition, the vehicle window glass according to this embodiment preferably has a visible light transmittance (Tv) of 70% or more, more preferably 71% or more, and even more preferably 72% or more. Note that the visible light transmittance (Tv) is the visible light transmittance measured in accordance with JIS R3212 "Test Method for Automotive Safety Glass" as of 2015.

[0063] The vehicle window glass 1 according to this embodiment preferably has a PS value of 70 or higher, more preferably 76 or higher, even more preferably 80 or higher, and particularly preferably 85 or higher, which is an index indicating the preference for how skin looks. By setting the PS value within this range, the skin of the occupants can be made to look good inside the vehicle. Here, the PS value is a value that indicates the preference for how the skin of Japanese women looks, and the method for determining the PS value is disclosed in Kenjiro Hashimoto et al.: Preference Index for Japanese Complexion Color under Illumination, Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan, Vol.82 No.11 P895(1998) and Japanese Patent Publication No. 11-258047. In this application, the illumination light is defined as the light that has passed through the vehicle window glass after being emitted from a CIE standard light source D65.

[0064] In this embodiment, the color temperature of the transmitted light through the vehicle window glass 1 is preferably 5,000K to 8,000K, and more preferably 5,500K to 8,000K. By setting the color temperature of the transmitted light within this range, the skin of the occupants can be made to appear more beautiful inside the vehicle.

[0065] In this embodiment, the color deviation Duv of the transmitted light through the vehicle window glass 1 is preferably 0.010 or less, more preferably 0 or less, even more preferably -0.002 or less, even more preferably -0.005 or less, and particularly preferably -0.010 or less. When the color deviation Duv of the transmitted light is within this range, the transmitted light can be given a reddish tint, making the skin of the occupants appear more attractive inside the vehicle.

[0066] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the solar transmittance (Tds) of the vehicle window glass 1 is preferably 70% or less, more preferably 65% ​​or less, even more preferably 60% or less, still preferably 55% or less, even more preferably 50% or less, and particularly preferably 45% or less. If the solar transmittance is 70% or less, it is possible to reduce the feeling of heat from sunlight when passing through the vehicle window glass. The solar transmittance (Tds) can be determined by a method compliant with ISO 13837 and can be measured using a spectrophotometer.

[0067] In this embodiment, the L of the transmitted light is obtained when the light from the CIE standard light source D65 is used as the light source and the light from the light source passes through the vehicle window glass 1. * a * b * Chromaticity a in color space * , and chromaticity b * However, a * >1.5, and -3.0 * It is preferable that <3.0 be satisfied. In this case, a * is, a * It is more preferable that >2.0 be satisfied, a * It is even more preferable that >3.0 is satisfied, and it is particularly preferable that a*>5.0 is satisfied. Also, a * is, a * It is preferable that <15.0 be satisfied, a * It is more preferable that <12.0 be satisfied, a * It is even more preferable that <10.0 be satisfied. Also, b * is -2.0 * It is more preferable that the condition <2.0 be satisfied. Also, a * and b * The absolute value of |a​​* | and |b * |about, |a * |>|b * It is preferable that the condition is met.

[0068] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when light from a CIE standard light source D65 is used as the light source, the L of the transmitted light in each vehicle window glass 1 and other vehicle window glass adjacent to vehicle window glass 1 is transmitted through vehicle window glass 1 and other vehicle window glass. * a * b * Chromatic difference ΔE in color space * a head, ΔE * It is preferable that ab < 4.0, and ΔE * It is more preferable that ab < 2.5, and ΔE * It is even more preferable that ab < 2.0, and ΔE * It is particularly preferable that ab < 1.5, and ΔE * It is particularly preferable that ab < 1.0. (Color difference ΔE) * When ab is within the above range, the chromaticity of the transmitted light entering the vehicle will be similar, thus suppressing the appearance of people and objects inside the vehicle as having different colors depending on their location and angle. For example, the vehicle window glass 1 may be a front bench glass, and other vehicle windows adjacent to the vehicle window glass 1 may be a windshield or a front door glass.

[0069] In Figure 1, an example configuration is shown in which the coating layer 12 is provided on one surface of the glass plate 11. However, in this embodiment, the coating layer 12 may be provided on both surfaces (front and back) of the glass plate 11. In this embodiment, additional coating layers or films with functions other than the coating layer 12 may also be provided. For example, a heat-reflective coating layer that reflects heat, a UV coating layer that cuts ultraviolet rays, a protective coating layer that protects the glass, an anti-fog coating layer, etc., may be provided. In addition, for example, a heat-shielding film, a protective film, an ultraviolet-cutting film, an anti-fog film, etc., may also be provided. Coating layers or films other than the coating layer 12 may be provided laminated on the coating layer 12, or they may be provided on the surface of the glass plate 11 opposite to the surface on which the coating layer 12 is provided (the lower surface in Figure 1). In this case as well, the coating layer 12 may be adjusted so that the vehicle window glass 1 satisfies the above requirements (1) to (3).

[0070] Figure 2 is a perspective view showing a front bench glass configuration using a vehicle window glass according to the embodiment. As shown in Figure 2, in this embodiment, a resin material 21 may be provided around the vehicle window glass 1 to constitute the front bench glass 20. The front bench glass 20 is a roughly triangular fixed window and is fixed in front of the vehicle's door panel. The front bench glass 20 is attached to the door panel via the resin material 21. The front bench glass 20 may also be referred to as a front corner glass.

[0071] As shown in Figure 2, when a resin material 21 is provided around the vehicle window glass 1, the linear patterns formed when the coating layer 12 is formed on the surface of the glass plate 11 can be made less noticeable. That is, when a coating agent is applied to the surface of the glass plate 11 and the applied coating agent is cured to form the coating layer 12, linear patterns (i.e., the end lines (edge ​​lines) of the coating agent) may be formed near the edges of the glass plate 11 due to uneven application of the coating agent. In this embodiment, by providing a resin material 21 around the vehicle window glass 1, the linear patterns can be covered with the resin material 21, making the linear patterns less noticeable. Although Figure 2 shows an example of a front bench glass 20, in this embodiment, the resin material 21 may also be provided around vehicle window glass 1 other than the front bench glass. [Examples]

[0072] Next, we will describe the examples. In the following examples, we investigated vehicle window glass that can create a vehicle space that is comfortable for the occupants' skin. Examples 1 to 12 shown below are examples, and Examples 13 to 18 are comparative examples.

[0073] <Examples 1-8> The sample for Example 1 was prepared using the following method. In a round-bottom flask, 1.14 g of a benzodithiol-based ultraviolet absorber (1,2-dibutyl-4-(4,7-dihydroxy-1,3-benzodithiol-2-ylidene)pyrazolidine-3,5-dione), 4.00 g of epoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., KBM-403), 3.09 g of butyl acetate, and 0.19 g of benzyltriethylammonium chloride were added. The mixture was heated to 105°C and stirred for 4 hours to obtain preparation A.

[0074] To the obtained preparation A, 43.61 g of methyl ethyl ketone, 8.87 g of methanol, 17.65 g of pure water, 15.05 g of tetraethoxysilane, 1.07 g of bisalkoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., KBM3066), 1.19 g of surface modifier (Kusumoto Chemical Co., Ltd., Disparon DN-900), 0.19 g of aqueous polymaleic acid solution (NOF Corporation, Nonpol PMA-50W), 0.01 g of maleic acid, and 0.06 g of surface modifier (Bic Chemie Co., Ltd., BYK307) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 50°C for 2 hours. Finally, 0.2 g of the methanol dilution (5% by mass) of the above-mentioned Basic Red 13 was added to obtain coating agent A with a solid content concentration of 11.4%.

[0075] Next, with the glass plate standing vertically, coating agent A was poured along the top edge of the glass plate, leaving a gap of several mm to several tens of mm from the top edge, to coat the concave surface of the glass plate. The plate was then fired at 100°C for 20 minutes in an air atmosphere to obtain a glass plate according to Example 1 with a coating layer. The glass plate used was a 600 mm (length) x 1000 mm (width) x 3.5 mm (thickness) glass plate (AGC Corporation, green glass (VFL)).

[0076] For Example 2, a sample was prepared by applying coating agent A to a green glass (VFL) piece measuring 400 mm (length) x 600 mm (width) x 3.5 mm (thickness), and then drying it. Except for the size of the glass plate, the sample was the same as that for Example 1.

[0077] For Example 3, a sample was prepared by applying coating agent A to a green glass (VFL) piece measuring 300 mm (length) x 600 mm (width) x 3.5 mm (thickness), and then drying it. Except for the size of the glass plate, the sample was the same as that for Example 1.

[0078] For Example 4, a sample was prepared by applying coating agent A to a green glass (VFL) piece measuring 200 mm (length) x 600 mm (width) x 3.5 mm (thickness), and then drying it. Except for the size of the glass plate, the sample was the same as that for Example 1.

[0079] For Example 5, a sample was prepared by applying coating agent A to a green glass (VFL) piece measuring 150 mm (length) x 300 mm (width) x 3.5 mm (thickness) and drying it. Except for the size of the glass plate, the sample was the same as that for Example 1.

[0080] For Example 6, a sample was prepared by coating a green glass (VFL) measuring 150 mm (length) x 300 mm (width) x 3.5 mm (thickness) with coating agent B and drying it. The amount of coating agent B added was 0.4 g of a methanol dilution (5% by mass) of Basic Red 13. All other aspects were the same as for the sample in Example 1.

[0081] For Example 7, a sample was prepared by coating a green glass (VFL) measuring 150 mm (length) x 300 mm (width) x 3.5 mm (thickness) with coating agent C and drying it. The coating agent C consisted of 0.9 g of a methanol dilution (5% by mass) of Basic Red 13. All other aspects were the same as for the sample in Example 1.

[0082] For the sample in Example 8, a glass plate measuring 150 mm (length) x 300 mm (width) x 3.5 mm (thickness) (manufactured by AGC, high heat-absorbing green glass (UVFL)) was coated with coating agent A and dried to prepare the sample. Except for the size and type of the glass plate, the sample was the same as that in Example 1.

[0083] For Example 9, a glass plate (AGC Corporation, Clear Glass (FL)) measuring 300 mm (length) x 600 mm (width) x 3.5 mm (thickness) was coated with coating agent D and dried to prepare the sample. Coating agent D was the same as that used for Example 1, except that 3.87 g of transparent conductive particles (ITO: Indium Tin Oxide) (Mitsubishi Materials Corporation, 30% by mass ITO dispersion) was added.

[0084] The optical properties of the samples according to Examples 1 to 9 prepared as described above were measured using an ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrophotometer UH4150 (manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Corporation). Using these measured values, the visible light transmittance Tv, the average transmittance A in the near-infrared wavelength range of 780 nm to 2,500 nm (Requirement (1)), the average transmittance b1 in the long-wavelength visible light range of 650 nm to 750 nm, the average transmittance b2 in the entire visible light wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, the value B (b1 / b2×100) (Requirement (2)), color temperature, color deviation Duv, and PS value were obtained. The PS value was obtained based on the description in the above-mentioned literature, and when the PS value was 80 or more, it was rated A; when the PS value was 70 or more and less than 80, it was rated B; when the PS value was less than 70, it was rated C. Additionally, using the measured transmission spectrum, it was determined whether there is a minimum transmittance value in the wavelength range of 500 nm to 600 nm (Requirement (3)).

[0085] Furthermore, the Martens hardness of the samples according to Examples 1 to 9 was measured using a hardness tester (manufactured by Fischer Instruments, model: Picodentor HM500). The indentation load was set to 0.5 mN, and the loading time was set to 5 seconds. Measurements were performed at three points at different locations on the same sample, and the average value was used.

[0086] Furthermore, the film thickness in each region of the coating layer of the samples according to Examples 1 to 9 was measured using a stylus surface profiler (manufactured by ULVAC, model Dektak150), and the average film thickness, minimum film thickness, and maximum film thickness were obtained. The film thickness in each region of the coating layer was obtained by measuring the film thickness every 30 mm.

[0087] Furthermore, a, which is the value of * , b which is the value of * , a which is the maximum film thickness of the coating layer * and Δa, which is the difference from a which is the minimum film thickness of the coating layer * were calculated respectively. These values are L of transmitted light when light from the CIE standard illuminant D68 passes through each sample * , which were calculated using the CIE standard illuminant D65 as the light source. * a * b *Chromaticity a in color space * , b * was determined by measuring. Specifically, chromaticity a at a position corresponding to each region where the film thickness was measured * , b * were each measured, and the average value thereof was calculated, thereby obtaining a for the average film thickness of the coating layer * and b for the average film thickness of the coating layer * was obtained. Further, Δa was obtained by calculating the difference between the value of a at the position where the coating layer has the maximum film thickness * and the value of a at the position where the coating layer has the minimum film thickness * , thereby obtaining the value of Δa * .

[0088] Table 1 shows the respective measurement results of the samples according to Examples 1 to 9. As shown in Table 1, the samples according to Examples 1 to 8 satisfied all of the above requirements (1) to (3). Therefore, the samples according to Examples 1 to 8 were able to achieve both a good effect on the skin and an effect of making the skin look beautiful. Further, in Examples 1 to 9, the PS value was evaluated as A, and the index indicating favorable skin appearance gave a good result.

[0089] Further, as shown in Table 1, in the samples according to Examples 1 to 9, the value of Δa in all samples * satisfied Δa * < 9. Therefore, samples with less color unevenness could be produced. In particular, in the samples according to Examples 5 and 8, the value of Δa * could be set to 1.6, and good samples with less color unevenness could be produced.

[0090]

Table 1

[0091] <Examples 10 to 13> In Examples 10 to 13, after applying coating agent A to the surface of a glass plate, the temperature at which coating agent A was fired in an atmospheric environment to harden was varied. Specifically, in Example 10, the firing temperature was 80°C, in Example 11, it was 125°C, in Example 12, it was 150°C, and in Example 13, it was 180°C. In Examples 10 to 13, a green glass (VFL) plate with dimensions of 300 mm (length) x 600 mm (width) x 3.5 mm (thickness) was used as the glass plate. Other than this, the sample was the same as in Example 1. Furthermore, the optical properties of the samples in Examples 10 to 13 were measured in the same way as the samples in Examples 1 to 9.

[0092] Table 2 shows the measurement results for each sample from Examples 10 to 13. As shown in Table 2, the samples from Examples 10 to 13 satisfied all of the above requirements (1) to (3). Therefore, the samples from Examples 10 to 13 were able to achieve both a good effect on the skin and an effect that makes the skin look beautiful. In addition, the PS value for Examples 10 to 12 was rated A, indicating a good result in the indicator of desirable skin appearance.

[0093] On the other hand, in the sample for Example 13, the PS value was rated as B, and the index indicating the desirability of the skin appearance was inferior to that of Example 12. From these results, it can be said that it is preferable to set the firing temperature below 180°C.

[0094] Furthermore, as shown in Table 2, in the samples related to Examples 10 to 13, Δa was present in all samples. * The value of Δa * The condition <9 was met. Therefore, a sample with minimal color unevenness was produced.

[0095] [Table 2]

[0096] <Examples 14-18> For Example 14, a sample was prepared by applying coating agent A to a green glass (VFL) piece measuring 800 mm (length) x 1000 mm (width) x 3.5 mm (thickness), and then drying it. Except for the size of the glass plate, the sample was the same as that for Example 1.

[0097] For Example 15, a sample was prepared by applying coating agent A to a green glass (VFL) with dimensions of 1000 mm (length) x 1000 mm (width) x 3.5 mm (thickness) and drying it. Except for the size of the glass plate, the sample was the same as that for Example 1.

[0098] For Example 16, a sample was prepared in which the firing temperature of coating agent A was set to 200°C. In Example 16, a green glass (VFL) plate with dimensions of 300 mm (length) x 600 mm (width) x 3.5 mm (thickness) was used as the glass plate. All other aspects were the same as for the sample in Example 1.

[0099] For Example 17, a sample was prepared in which the firing temperature of coating agent A was set to 180°C. In Example 17, a clear glass (FL) plate with dimensions of 500 mm (length) x 900 mm (width) x 3.5 mm (thickness) was used as the glass plate. All other aspects were the same as for the sample in Example 1.

[0100] For Example 18, a sample was prepared by applying coating agent A to a clear glass (FL) sheet measuring 150 mm (length) x 300 mm (width) x 3.5 mm (thickness), and then drying it. Except for the size of the glass plate and the use of clear glass (FL), the sample was the same as that for Example 1.

[0101] The optical properties of the samples in Examples 14 to 18 were measured in the same way as the samples in Examples 1 to 9. Table 3 shows the measurement results for each of the samples in Examples 14 to 18. As shown in Table 3, the samples in Examples 14 and 15 satisfied all of the above requirements (1) to (3). Therefore, it can be said that the samples in Examples 14 and 15 can achieve both a good effect on the skin and an effect that makes the skin look beautiful. However, in the samples in Examples 14 and 15, Δa * The value of Δa * The condition <9 was not met. Therefore, the samples related to Example 14 and Example 15 were samples with noticeable color unevenness.

[0102] The sample in Example 16 did not meet requirement (3). In other words, the sample in Example 16 did not have a minimum transmittance value in the wavelength range of 500 nm to 600 nm.

[0103] In the sample for Example 17, requirement (1) was not met. Specifically, in the sample for Example 17, the average transmittance A of electromagnetic waves in the near-infrared wavelength band from 780 nm to 2,500 nm was 83.6%, which is higher than 65%. Also, in the sample for Example 17, Δa * The value of Δa * The condition <9 was not met. Therefore, the sample in Example 17 was a sample with noticeable color unevenness.

[0104] In the sample for Example 18, requirement (1) was not met. Specifically, in the sample for Example 18, the average transmittance A of electromagnetic waves in the near-infrared wavelength band from 780 nm to 2,500 nm was 83.8%, which is higher than 65%. Also, in the sample for Example 18, Δa * The value of Δa * The condition <9 was not met. Therefore, the sample in Example 18 was a sample with noticeable color unevenness.

[0105] [Table 3]

[0106] <Relationship between skin appearance preference and PS value> To investigate the relationship between skin appearance preference and PS value, the following experiment was conducted. First, an artificial sun lamp, glass samples, and a mirror were prepared. Then, the glass samples were placed between the artificial sun lamp and the subject so that the light from the artificial sun lamp shone on the subject through the glass samples. Four types of glass samples were prepared: clear glass with a green film (labeled "green"), high heat-absorbing green glass (labeled "UVFL"), clear glass with a pink film (labeled "pink"), and clear glass with a red film (labeled "red").

[0107] Then, a task was conducted to quantify impressions using the Semantic Differential (SD) method with a total of 14 subjects ranging in age from their 20s to 50s. Each subject was given one of four different glass samples for quantification. The SD quantification used 10 evaluation items: "favorable-unfavorable," "bright-dark," "healthy-unhealthy," "rosy-poor," "natural-unnatural," "cheerful-gloomy," "lively-poor," "warm-cold," "fun-boring," and "exciting-not exciting." For each evaluation item, a 7-point scale was used, ranging from +3 (most favorable) to -3 (most unfavorable). The experimental results using the SD method are shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 shows the numerical values ​​of the evaluation results for each evaluation item. These values ​​are the average values ​​of the evaluation results from the 14 subjects. The results shown in Figure 3 indicate a positive trend for clear glass with a red film (red) and clear glass with a pink film (pink).

[0108] Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between PS value and skin appearance preference. The graph in Figure 4 shows the relationship between the PS value of each glass sample (green, UVFL, pink, red) and the evaluation result of each glass sample. The evaluation result used was the mean value for the "favorable-unfavorable" evaluation item. As shown in Figure 4, the correlation coefficient between the PS value of each glass sample and the evaluation result of each glass sample was calculated to be 0.9156. Therefore, it was found that there is a correlation between PS value and skin appearance preference. Accordingly, the method of evaluating skin appearance preference using PS value, as in the above example, can be said to be valid.

[0109] Although the present invention has been described above in accordance with the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiments, and of course includes various modifications, alterations, and combinations that can be made by a person skilled in the art within the scope of the claims of the present patent application. [Explanation of symbols]

[0110] 1. Vehicle window glass 11 Glass plate 12 Coat Layers 20 Front bench glass 21 Resin materials

Claims

1. A vehicle window glass comprising a glass plate and a coating layer formed on the surface of the glass plate, The aforementioned vehicle window glass has a length of at least one side of the vehicle window glass of 600 mm or less. The average transmittance A of electromagnetic waves in the near-infrared wavelength band from 780 nm to 2,500 nm is 65% or less. If b1 is the average transmittance of electromagnetic waves in the visible light long wavelength band from 650 nm to 750 nm, and b2 is the average transmittance of electromagnetic waves in the visible light entire wavelength band from 380 nm to 780 nm, then the value B, which is the percentage of b1 to b2 (b1 / b2 × 100), is 50% or more. It has a minimum transmittance in the wavelength band between 500 nm and 600 nm. Vehicle window glass.

2. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein the glass plate is made of tempered glass.

3. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein the glass plate is made of clear glass.

4. The Martens hardness of the outermost surface of the vehicle window glass on the side having the coating layer is 500 (N / mm²). ２ ) or more 800 (N / mm ２ ) A vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the following conditions apply.

5. The vehicle window glass is the vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the visible light transmittance Tv satisfies Tv ≥ 70%.

6. The average transmittance A is 30% or less. The aforementioned value B is 90% or more. A vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. When CIE standard illuminant D65 is used as a light source and light from said light source transmits through said vehicle window glass, L of the transmitted light ＊ a ＊ b ＊ chromaticity a in a color space ＊ and chromaticity b ＊ satisfy a ＊ > 1.5 and -3.0 < b ＊ < 3.0, the vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

8. A vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the PS value, an index indicating the desirability of skin appearance, is 70 or higher.

9. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a resin material is provided around the vehicle window glass.

10. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vehicle window glass is a front bench glass.

11. The L of the transmitted light in the aforementioned vehicle window glass and another vehicle window glass adjacent to it, when the light from the CIE standard light source D65 is used as the light source, and the light from the light source passes through the aforementioned vehicle window glass and the other vehicle window glass. ＊ a ＊ b ＊ Chromatic difference ΔE in color space ＊ ab is ΔE ＊ A vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, satisfying ab < 2.

5.

12. The vehicle window glass in the above-mentioned vehicle is a front bench glass. The aforementioned other vehicle windows are the windshield or the front door windows. Vehicle window glass according to claim 11.

13. A method for manufacturing vehicle window glass having a coating layer, Prepare a glass plate with at least one side length of 600 mm or less. A coating agent for forming the aforementioned coating layer is applied to the glass plate. The glass plate to which the coating agent has been applied is heated at a temperature of less than 220°C to cure the coating agent and form the coating layer. The coating agent contains a dye having an absorption wavelength in the wavelength band of 500 nm to 600 nm. A method for manufacturing vehicle window glass.

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