Watertight structure for slab openings

Abstract

This ensures that rainwater and other liquids that accumulate on the slab during building construction do not flow down to the lower floors through openings. [Solution] This is a waterproofing structure for a slab opening, in which a waterproofing unit 10 is placed along the longitudinal direction of the slab edge 1a around the opening 2 provided in the slab 1 of a building during construction work to prevent rainwater from flowing down to the lower floor through the opening 2. The waterproofing unit 10 consists of an elongated plate-shaped retaining plate 18 that prevents rainwater from flowing into the opening 2, and clamp members 11 that are arranged at predetermined intervals along the retaining plate 18 and are fixed and held to the slab 1 by tightening bolts 15 so as to make the retaining plate 18 tightly adhere to the slab surface, and which have a roughly U-shape when viewed from the side.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a water stop structure for an opening provided in a slab constituting a floor of a building, and more particularly to a water stop structure for a slab opening for preventing rainwater accumulated on the slab during construction from flowing down to a lower floor through the opening. BACKGROUND ART

[0002] Conventionally, in building construction, openings are provided in the slab of each floor for carrying materials into and out of each floor, and material lifting work is performed through these openings.

[0003] In a building under construction, if heavy rainfall occurs when each floor is not covered by an outer wall, the fallen rainwater accumulates on the slab, and there is a risk that the rainwater will flow down to the lower floor through various openings provided in the slab, which adversely affects various works carried out on the lower floor.

[0004] For example, when the outer wall construction of the first and second floors is completed while the outer wall construction of the third floor is not completed, the fallen rainwater accumulates on the slab of the third floor, and may flow down to the lower floor through openings such as atriums and elevator shafts, wetting the first and second floors. At this time, since processes such as interior decoration work are already in progress on the first and second floors, there are problems such as suspension of various constructions for drainage work, and rework being required when damage occurs to already constructed areas.

[0005] To solve this problem, for example, as an emergency on-site countermeasure, mortar is piled up in an embankment shape on the slab edge around the opening, or thinly rolled waste cloths are laid out to deal with the problem. Mortar requires much labor for removal after solidification, and also requires waste material treatment. Waste cloths become saturated immediately after absorbing water, so continuous water stopping effect cannot be expected.

[0006] Instead of these methods, water stop structures capable of exhibiting continuous water stopping effect have also been proposed (Patent Documents 1 and 2). The water stop device for an opening disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a device that stops water by the adhesive force of unvulcanized butyl rubber.

[0007] Patent Document 2 discloses a temporary watertight structure in which the legs of a watertight main body made of a soft polyvinyl chloride sheet folded into an inverted T shape are screwed to the slab edge around the opening where a temporary elevator is installed, and covered with a metal plate. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2006-241811 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2017-128945 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0009] The device disclosed in Patent Document 1 uses adhesive rubber material, which makes removal difficult and may leave rubber residue at the installation site.

[0010] The water-stopping structure disclosed in Patent Document 2 has the problem that the components are not versatile, and installation and removal work at the site is time-consuming, because the components are manufactured to match the dimensions of each opening and fixed to the edge of the target slab with screws.

[0011] Therefore, the objective of the present invention is to solve the problems of the conventional technology described above and to provide a water-stopping structure for slab openings that can be easily attached to the edge of a slab in slab openings of various sizes and can reliably prevent rainwater and the like from flowing out of the slab opening. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] The present invention provides a waterproofing structure for slab openings, which, during construction, prevents rainwater from flowing down to the lower floor through an opening in a building slab by arranging waterproofing units along the longitudinal direction of the slab edge around the opening, wherein the waterproofing unit comprises an elongated plate-shaped waterproofing member that prevents rainwater from flowing into the opening, and clamp members that are arranged at predetermined intervals along the waterproofing member and fixed and held to the slab by a pressing means so as to bring the waterproofing member into close contact with the slab surface.

[0013] Preferably, the clamp member has a substantially U-shape in side view, holds the pressing means, and is fixedly held to the slab by pressing the water-stopping member against the slab surface with the pressing means so as to sandwich the upper and lower surfaces of the slab from the opening side.

[0014] The clamping member is preferably a C-clamp.

[0015] The pressing means is preferably a tightening bolt held in the clamp member so as to be screw-rotatable.

[0016] Preferably, the water-stopping member has a water-stopping rubber member attached to the surface that is in close contact with the slab.

[0017] Preferably, the clamp member has a substantially U-shape in side view and is equipped with a means for clamping the upper and lower surfaces of the slab from the opening side and a tension spring that acts as the pressing means, and the water-stopping member is fixedly held to the slab by pressing it against the slab surface with the elastic force of the tension spring. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] According to the present invention, it is possible to reliably prevent rainwater and other liquids that accumulate on the slab during building construction from flowing down to the lower floor through openings. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0019] [Figure 1]Schematic configuration perspective view showing the configuration of a water stop unit as a first embodiment of the water stop structure for a slab opening according to the present invention, which is installed at a slab edge of the slab opening. [Figure 2] Schematic plan view showing an example of a planar layout in which the water stop units shown in Fig. 1 are arranged side by side on the slab edge of the slab opening. [Figure 3] Partially enlarged perspective view showing a part of the water stop unit in an enlarged manner. [Figure 4] Side view showing the side shape of the water stop unit shown in Fig. 3. [Figure 5] Partially enlarged perspective view showing an enlarged water stop unit as a second embodiment of the water stop structure for a slab opening according to the present invention. [Figure 6] Side view showing the side shape of the water stop unit shown in Fig. 5. [Figure 7] Side view and rear view showing the configuration and installation state of a water stop unit as a third embodiment of the water stop structure for a slab opening according to the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0020] [First Embodiment] The configuration and installation example of a water stop unit as a first embodiment of the water stop structure for a slab opening according to the present invention will be described with reference to each of Figs. 1 to 4. Fig. 1 shows the water stop unit 10 of the first embodiment in a state installed in the opening 2 of a slab 1. Fig. 2 schematically shows a planar layout in which a plurality of water stop units 10 are arranged side by side on the slab edge 1a. Figs. 3 and 4 show the configuration and installation state of a clamp 11, a pressing plate 18, and a connecting bar 19, which are the main components of the water stop unit 10.

[0021] As shown in Fig. 1, the water stop unit 10 of the present embodiment includes three clamps (clamp members) 11 arranged at predetermined intervals, a pressing plate 18 fixedly held by a countersunk plate 16 of a movable jaw on the tightening bolt 15 side of each clamp 11, and a connecting bar 19 attached to the back side of each clamp 11, connecting between the respective clamps 11, and maintaining the posture and interval of each clamp 11.

[0022] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the clamp 11 has a main body made of a U-shaped frame 12 in side view, which consists of a web 12a made by bending a flat steel plate to form the vertical member, and an upper flange 12b and a lower flange 12c connected to the upper and lower ends of the web 12a. Small triangular ribs 13 are attached to the corners of the frame 12 to maintain the shape of the frame 12 during use.

[0023] Furthermore, a tightening bolt 15 is attached to the tip of the upper flange 12b of the frame 12. The tightening bolt 15 is screwed into a threaded hole formed in the upper flange 12b and moves up and down by screw rotation. A base plate 14 for the fixed jaw is attached to the upper surface (inner surface) of the tip of the lower flange 12c. The head of the tightening bolt 15 has a hexagonal head 15a with an outer diameter smaller than the bolt diameter, and can be rotated using a small, dedicated hex wrench (not shown). Note that the hexagonal head 15a at the tip of this bolt may have an outer diameter similar to that of a conventional bolt head, or it may be equipped with an operating shaft 26 (Figure 5) provided on the head of the tightening bolt 15 of the C-clamp 21 (Shackle Clamp) described later in the second embodiment. A countersunk plate 16 is attached to the lower end of the tightening bolt 15 via a simple spherical seat (not shown) as a movable jaw. The tightening bolt 15 functions as a pressing means that, by rotating its screw in the tightening direction, presses the retaining plate 18, which is fixedly held by the countersunk plate 16, into close contact with the slab surface.

[0024] As shown in Figure 1, the three clamps 11 that make up the water-stopping unit 10 are held in place at a predetermined distance apart by a retaining plate 18 attached to the countersunk plate 16 of each clamp 11 and by connecting bars 19 attached to two locations, upper and lower, on the back side of the web 12a. In this embodiment, the dimensions of each part of the clamp 11 are set to a web height of 300 mm, a flange width of 120 mm, and a distance of 300 mm between each clamp 11.

[0025] In this embodiment, the retaining plate 18 is 900 mm long and 30-50 mm wide, and consists of a laminated plate (20 mm thick) made by tightly bonding a strip steel plate 18A and a water-stopping rubber plate 18B of the same shape, each with a thickness of 10 mm. It is fixed and held in place on the strip steel plate 18A side by the countersunk metal plates 16 of the tightening bolts 15 of the three clamps 11, and is used as a water-stopping member forming an elongated plate shape installed along the slab edge 1a. The retaining plate 18 extends 150 mm outward from each of the clamps 11 at both ends (Figure 3). Suitable materials for the water-stopping rubber plate 18B include chloroprene rubber, natural rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, and silicone rubber. Because these are highly flexible and durable, when the water-stopping unit 10 is set on the slab surface and the water-stopping rubber plate 18B is pressed against the concrete surface of the slab 1 with the retaining plate 18, it adheres tightly to the concrete surface and can exhibit sufficient watertightness.

[0026] A modified version of the retaining plate 18 will be briefly described with reference to Figure 4(b). As mentioned above, the retaining plate 18 is made of laminated plate with a thickness of 20 mm, but if a large amount of water accumulates on the slab, there is a risk that the water will overflow the retaining plate 18. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4(b), by using angle steel 18C instead of the strip steel plate 18A used for the retaining plate 18, the overflow effect can be increased by the height of the flange on the vertical side.

[0027] As shown in Figures 1, 3, and 4, the connecting bars 19 consist of two strips of steel plate attached to the outer surface of the web 12a of the clamp 11, one above the other. By attaching these connecting bars 19 along each clamp 11, the orientation and spacing of the three clamps 11 are maintained.

[0028] The following describes an installation example in which the waterproofing structure of the present invention is installed in an opening 2 of a slab 1 using the waterproofing unit 10 described above, with reference to Figure 2. As shown in Figure 1, one waterproofing unit 10 is equipped with a retaining plate 18 with a length of 900 mm. As shown in Figure 2, each waterproofing unit 10, with the tightening bolts 15 loosened to ensure sufficient distance between the countersunk plate 16 and the base plate, is placed side by side along the edge of the slab so that the ends of each retaining plate 18 slightly overlap in plan. The tightening bolts 15 of each waterproofing unit 10 arranged as shown in Figure 2 are tightened, and as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the waterproofing rubber plate 18B of the retaining plate 18 is brought into close contact with the concrete surface of the slab 1, stabilizing the waterproofing unit 10 itself and fixing it to the edge 1a of the slab, thereby completing the waterproofing structure. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the waterproofing structure at the slab corner 1b is achieved by fixing and holding each waterproofing unit 10 by bringing the end of the retaining plate 18 of one of the waterproofing units 10, which are installed perpendicularly along the slab edge 1a, into contact with the retaining plate 18 of the other waterproofing unit 10.

[0029] [Second Embodiment] The configuration of the water-stopping unit 20 as a second embodiment of the water-stopping structure for slab openings of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 5 and 6. Figure 5 shows a part of the clamp 21, retaining plate 18, and connecting bar 19 of the water-stopping unit 20 of the second embodiment as it is installed in the opening 2 of the slab 1. Figure 6 shows the side shape of the water-stopping unit 20 shown in Figure 5.

[0030] The water-stopping unit 20 of the second embodiment is modified in which only the clamp is replaced from the configuration of the first embodiment. Specifically, in the second embodiment, a commercially available C-type clamp 21 is used as the clamp. This C-type clamp 21 has the function of pressing and fixing the retaining plate 18 to the slab surface and is the same as a commercially available tool called a "Shako-manriki" or "Shako-man". In this specification, the configuration and operation will be described below using the term C-type clamp 21.

[0031] In the first embodiment, a frame 12 made by bending a flat steel plate was fitted with tightening bolts 15 and a base plate. In contrast, the C-type clamp 21 has a highly rigid C-shaped cast iron frame 22, and the nut portion 22a and base portion 22b for screwing the tightening bolts 15 into the upper and lower ends of the frame 22 are integrally formed during manufacturing, with the tightening bolts 15 pre-screwed as part of the component. Therefore, by using the C-type clamp 21, the water-stopping unit 20 can be completed simply by fixing and holding the retaining plate 18 on the countersunk plate 16 of the tightening bolts 15 and attaching the connecting bar 19 to the back side of the clamp.

[0032] In this first embodiment, the frame 12 and the C-type clamp 21 are configured to adjust the pressing position of the retaining plate 18 for differences in slab thickness by changing the amount the tightening bolt 15 is tightened. Alternatively, it is also preferable to use commercially available tools with similar functions to the C-type clamp 21, such as an F-type clamp or an L-type clamp (not shown). With an F-type clamp or an L-type clamp, the arm having the nut portion of the tightening bolt 15 is slidably supported on the rod, so the pressing position of the retaining plate 18 can be set simply by sliding the arm along the rod according to the slab thickness.

[0033] [Third Embodiment] The configuration of the water-sealing unit 30 as a third embodiment of the water-sealing structure for slab openings of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 7(a) to (b-2). Figures 7 show the side and back shapes of the clamp 31, retaining plate 18, and part of the connecting bar 19 of the water-sealing unit 30 of the third embodiment as it is installed in the opening 2 of the slab 1. The clamp 31 of this embodiment is a spring-type clamp and comprises an L-shaped frame 33 (33A, 33B) divided into two parts, the web of which is slidably connected via a slide pin 32, a tension spring 34 interposed between the upper flange of frame 33A and the lower flange of frame 33B, and a retaining plate 18 and connecting bar 19 which are the same shape as those of the water-sealing unit 10 of the first embodiment. As shown in Figure 7(a), in the initial state, the tension of the tension spring 34 is effective, and the web length of the frame 33 is smaller than the thickness of the slab to which it is attached. Therefore, as indicated by arrow (1), the space between the upper and lower flanges is widened against the tension (elastic force) of the tension spring 34 to match the slab thickness, and then inserted into the slab edge 1a in the direction of arrow (2). As a result, as shown in Figure 7(b-1), the retaining plate 18 can be brought into close contact with the upper surface of the slab 1 with a single touch, and the clamp 31 can be fixed and held in place on the slab 1.

[0034] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible within the scope of each claim. In other words, embodiments obtained by combining technical means that have been appropriately modified within the scope of the claims are also included in the technical scope of the present invention. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0035] 1 Slab 2 openings 10, 20, 30 Water-stopping units 11,21,31 clamps 12,33 (33A,33B) Frame 15 Tightening bolts 18. Retaining plate 19 Connecting bars 34. Tension spring

Claims

1. A waterproofing structure for a slab opening, in which waterproofing units are placed along the longitudinal direction of the slab edge around an opening in the building slab during construction work to prevent rainwater from flowing down to the floor below at the opening, The aforementioned water-stopping unit includes an elongated plate-shaped water-stopping member that prevents rainwater from flowing into the opening, A water-stopping structure for a slab opening, characterized by comprising clamp members arranged at predetermined intervals along the water-stopping member and fixedly held to the slab by a pressing means so as to bring the water-stopping member into close contact with the slab surface.

2. The clamp member has a substantially U-shape in side view, holds the pressing means, and is fixedly held to the slab by pressing the water-stopping member against the slab surface with the pressing means so as to sandwich the upper and lower surfaces of the slab from the opening side, as described in claim 1.

3. The watertight structure for a slab opening according to claim 1, wherein the clamping member is a C-clamp.

4. The watertight structure for a slab opening according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pressing means is a tightening bolt held in the clamp member so as to be screw-rotatable.

5. The water-stopping structure for a slab opening according to claim 1, wherein the water-stopping member has a water-stopping rubber member attached to the surface that is in close contact with the slab.

6. The clamp member has a substantially U-shape in side view and is equipped with a means for clamping the upper and lower surfaces of the slab from the opening side and a tension spring that acts as the pressing means, and the water-stopping member is fixedly held to the slab by pressing it against the slab surface with the elastic force of the tension spring, as described in claim 1.

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