Fire protection unit and fire protection structure

Abstract

The present invention provides a fire prevention unit that can quickly and reliably seal the gap between a through-hole and a long body in the event of a fire. [Solution] The fire protection unit (1) comprises a sleeve member (10) inserted through a through hole (8H) formed in a partition (8), a fire-resistant member (20) fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve member (10), and a foamed fire-resistant member (30) made of a foam containing a heat-expandable fire-resistant material, which is fixed to the inner circumferential side of the sleeve member (10) and arranged to extend radially.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fire protection measure unit and a fire protection measure structure.

Background Art

[0002] In general, the interior space of a building is partitioned into a plurality of chamber spaces by partitioning bodies such as walls, floors, and ceilings. When a fire breaks out in a certain chamber space, a fire-resistant partitioning body may be used to prevent the fire from spreading to other chamber spaces. In this case, when a long body such as a pipe or a cable is inserted through a through-hole formed in the partitioning body, there is a possibility that flame may pass through the gap between the through-hole and the long body and cause fire spread, so the gap needs to be configured as a fire protection measure structure.

[0003] An example of such a fire protection measure structure is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2021-019948 (Patent Document 1). The partition penetration processing structure 10 of Patent Document 1 includes an insertion member 18 that is inserted into through-holes 13A and 13B formed in a partition portion 11 of a building. The insertion member 18 of Patent Document 1 is made of a fire-resistant material, and is configured to prevent fire spread by being heated and expanding in the event of a fire.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, in the partition penetration processing structure 10 of Patent Document 1, the insertion member 18 is formed in a sleeve shape and is placed on the inner surface of the through holes 13A and 13B, and the insertion member 18 and the insertion body 21, which is also inserted into the inside of the through holes 13A and 13B, are spaced apart radially. With such a structure, there was a concern that if a fire actually occurred, heat would not easily be transferred to the insertion member 18, and the gap between the through holes 13A and 13B and the insertion body 21 could not be stably closed, or that it would take a long time to close.

[0006] There is a need for a fire protection unit and fire protection structure that can quickly and reliably close the gap between the through-hole and the long body in the event of a fire. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The fire prevention unit according to the present invention is A fire protection unit for creating a fire-resistant structure in the gap between a through-hole formed in a partition of a building and a long body inserted through the through-hole, A sleeve member inserted through the aforementioned through hole, A fire-resistant member containing a heat-expandable fire-resistant material is fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve member, A foamed fire-resistant member made of a foam containing a heat-expandable fire-resistant material is fixed to the inner circumference of the sleeve member and arranged to extend in the radial direction of the sleeve member, It is equipped with.

[0008] Furthermore, the fire prevention structure according to the present invention is A fire protection structure provided in the gap between a through-hole formed in a partition of a building and a long body inserted through the through-hole, A sleeve member inserted through the aforementioned through hole, A fire-resistant member containing a heat-expandable fire-resistant material is disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve member, On the inner circumference side of the sleeve member, a foamed fire-resistant member made of a foam containing a thermally expandable fire-resistant material is arranged to extend in the radial direction of the sleeve member, It is equipped with.

[0009] With these configurations, in addition to the fire-resistant member positioned on the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve member, there is also a foamed fire-resistant member positioned to extend radially around the sleeve member. Therefore, in the event of an actual fire, heat is easily transferred to the foamed fire-resistant member, which is located closer to the elongated body. This allows the foamed fire-resistant member to expand more quickly, enabling it to begin closing the gap between the through-hole and the elongated body earlier. Subsequently, by thermally expanding the fire-resistant member positioned on the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve member, the gap between the through-hole and the elongated body can be stably closed. As a result, the gap between the through-hole and the elongated body can be closed early and stably in the event of a fire.

[0010] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited by the examples of preferred embodiments described below.

[0011] As one aspect, It is preferable that the thermal expansion onset temperature of the fire-resistant member is lower than the thermal expansion onset temperature of the foamed fire-resistant member.

[0012] This configuration allows the fire-resistant material, which is located further from the elongated body and therefore less susceptible to heat transfer compared to the foamed fire-resistant material, to begin thermal expansion relatively earlier. As a result, the total time required to stably close the gap between the through-hole and the elongated body in the event of a fire can be shortened.

[0013] As one aspect, It is preferable that the thermal expansion onset temperature of the foamed fire-resistant member is lower than that of the fire-resistant member.

[0014] This configuration allows the foamed fire-resistant material, which should expand before the fire-resistant material, to begin expanding more rapidly. Therefore, the gap between the through-hole and the elongated body can be quickly sealed in the initial stages of a fire.

[0015] As one aspect, It is preferable that the thermal expansion onset temperature of the fire-resistant member is equal to the thermal expansion onset temperature of the foamed fire-resistant member.

[0016] According to this configuration, the thermally expandable refractory material constituting each of the refractory member and the foamable refractory member can be shared, and cost reduction can be achieved as compared with the case where optimal materials are separately prepared.

[0017] In one aspect, It is preferable to further include a locking member that is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve member and locks to the outer surface of the partition body.

[0018] According to this configuration, the sleeve member can be positioned relative to the partition body by utilizing the locking of the locking member to the outer surface of the partition body. In addition, even when a minute gap is generated between the through hole and the sleeve member, it is possible to suppress smoke from moving through the minute gap between the through hole and the sleeve member when a fire occurs, for example.

[0019] In one aspect, It is preferable that the sleeve member is formed into a cylindrical shape by rolling a non-combustible sheet material and overlapping the end portions with each other.

[0020] According to this configuration, since the sleeve member is non-combustible, even when the partition body is formed to be hollow, the refractory member can be supported from the outer peripheral side to properly close the gap between the through hole and the long body. In addition, by adjusting the overlapping margin between the end portions of the rolled sheet material, the diameter of the sleeve member can be adjusted according to the inner diameter of the through hole of the partition body.

[0021] Further features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer from the following description of exemplary and non-limiting embodiments described with reference to the drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] [Figure 1] Schematic diagram of the fire protection structure of the embodiment [Figure 2] Perspective view of the fire protection unit [Figure 3] Exploded perspective view of the fire protection unit [Figure 4] A schematic diagram showing the changes in the state of a fire prevention unit during a fire. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0023] Embodiments of the fire protection unit and fire protection structure will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in Figure 1, the fire protection structure of this embodiment is provided in the gap G between a through-hole 8H formed in a building compartment 8 and a long body 9 inserted through the through-hole 8H. This fire protection structure is realized using a fire protection unit 1.

[0024] In this embodiment, the longitudinal direction of the elongated body 9 is referred to as the "axial direction," the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the elongated body 9 is referred to as the "radial direction," and the direction that circles around the elongated body 9 is referred to as the "circumferential direction." In the following description, the orientation of each component constituting the fire protection unit 1 may be described in terms of the state in which the fire protection unit 1 is fixed to the compartment 8.

[0025] The compartment 8 to which the fire-resistant structure is applied is a fire-resistant structure that divides the space within a building into multiple room spaces. The compartment 8 may be, for example, a wall that divides multiple room spaces horizontally (see Figure 1), or a floor (or ceiling) that divides multiple room spaces vertically. Examples of the compartment 8 include reinforced concrete (RC), autoclaved lightweight concrete (ALC), and hollow walls (including gypsum board, etc.). Of course, structures other than those listed above may also be used as the compartment 8.

[0026] As shown in Figure 1, the partition 8 has a through-hole 8H that penetrates the partition 8 in its thickness direction (horizontal direction in the illustrated example). In this embodiment, a circular through-hole 8H is formed. However, the specific shape of the through-hole 8H is not limited to this configuration, and may be various shapes such as elliptical, oblong, and polygonal.

[0027] A long body 9 is inserted through the through-hole 8H of the compartment 8. The long body 9 has a long structure extending in one direction, such as a linear body, a tubular body, or a strip-shaped body. An example of such a long body 9 is refrigerant piping for an air conditioning system. In this case, the long body 9 may include a metal piping member for refrigerant circulation and a synthetic resin covering material (insulating material) that covers the periphery of the piping member. Note that the long body 9 is not limited to refrigerant piping for an air conditioning system, but may also be, for example, water supply and drainage piping or electrical cables.

[0028] Furthermore, the long body 9 may be inserted into the through hole 8H individually as a single unit, or multiple units may be inserted into the through hole 8H as a bundle.

[0029] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the fire protection unit 1 comprises a sleeve member 10, a fire-resistant member 20, and a foamed fire-resistant member 30. Furthermore, the fire protection unit 1 of this embodiment further comprises a locking member 40. In this embodiment, the sleeve member 10, fire-resistant member 20, foamed fire-resistant member 30, and locking member 40 are fixed to each other and integrated.

[0030] The sleeve member 10 in this embodiment is a non-combustible sleeve 12 formed by rolling up a non-combustible sheet material. In this embodiment, the sleeve member 10 (non-combustible sleeve 12) is formed by rolling up a thin metal sheet. As the metal material constituting the sleeve member 10, for example, stainless steel, aluminum, copper, and various alloys can be used. When no external force is acting on the sleeve member 10 (no-load state), the circumferential ends of the sleeve member 10 are spaced apart from each other, and it is formed in a roughly C-shape when viewed from the axial direction. The outer diameter of the sleeve member 10 in the no-load state is about the same as or slightly larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 8H. Also, the axial length of the sleeve member 10 is set to be longer than the thickness of the partition 8.

[0031] Because the sleeve member 10 is C-shaped in an unloaded state, the sleeve member 10 can be attached to the elongated body 9 from the outside while the elongated body 9 is inserted through the through hole 8H. The sleeve member 10 can also be made cylindrical with an outer diameter less than or equal to the inner diameter of the through hole 8H by an operator applying force to overlap its ends. By making the sleeve member 10 cylindrical with an outer diameter less than or equal to the inner diameter of the through hole 8H, the sleeve member 10 can be inserted into the through hole 8H along the axial direction. When the operator releases the force in that state, the elastic restoring force of the sleeve member 10 causes the sleeve member 10 to expand in diameter until it conforms to the inner surface of the through hole 8H, and the sleeve member 10 is installed in the through hole 8H with the sleeve member 10 inserted through it.

[0032] The fire-resistant member 20 is a member containing a thermally expandable fire-resistant material. The thermally expandable fire-resistant material is a member that has thermal expandability (the property of increasing in volume when heated) and fire resistance (the property of being able to withstand heat and having a high melting point, making it difficult to burn). As the thermally expandable fire-resistant material, any known material can be used without particular limitation, for example, a putty-like member (thermally expandable putty-like fire-resistant material) can be used. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the thermally expandable fire-resistant material has flexibility (the property of being able to bend) in addition to thermal expandability and fire resistance. As such a thermally expandable fire-resistant material, for example, one that includes a resin component having flexibility and fire resistance and a thermally expandable filler kneaded into this resin component can be used. Furthermore, the thermally expandable fire-resistant material may also have adhesiveness (the property of being sticky and easily adhering to other substances). The thermally expandable fire-resistant material of this embodiment is non-foaming, and the fire-resistant member 20 of this embodiment can also be called a "non-foaming fire-resistant member".

[0033] The fire-resistant member 20 is formed in a sheet shape. The fire-resistant member 20 of this embodiment can also be called a "sheet-shaped fire-resistant member". The fire-resistant member 20 of this embodiment is composed of a rectangular sheet-shaped molded body 22 having a predetermined width and predetermined length. Furthermore, this sheet-shaped molded body 22 is formed in a thick sheet shape having a predetermined thickness. The thickness of the sheet-shaped molded body 22 is set to, for example, about 1 mm to 8 mm. For example, if the heat-expandable fire-resistant material is adhesive, the sheet-shaped molded body 22 may be covered with a film. As the film, for example, resin films such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polyethylene terephthalate can be used.

[0034] The fire-resistant member 20 is fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve member 10. In this embodiment, the sheet-like fire-resistant member 20 is fixed so as to fit snugly along the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve member 10. The fire-resistant member 20 is positioned radially apart from the elongated body 9 when the sleeve member 10 is installed in the through hole 8H.

[0035] The heat-expandable fire-resistant material contained in the fire-resistant member 20 expands when heated, for example, by the heat of a flame during a fire. The thermal expansion coefficient of the heat-expandable fire-resistant material is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 10 to 40 times. The thermal expansion initiation temperature of the fire-resistant member 20 is also not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 150°C to 250°C. It is preferable that the thermal expansion initiation temperature of the fire-resistant member 20 is lower than the thermal expansion initiation temperature of the foamed fire-resistant member 30. In this way, even if heat is not easily transferred due to the distance from the elongated body 9, the fire-resistant member 20 can begin to expand relatively early.

[0036] The foamed fire-resistant member 30 is a foamed member formed into a predetermined shape and containing a heat-expandable fire-resistant material. As the foamed fire-resistant member 30, foams containing resin components that have heat expansion and fire resistance, such as foamed polyethylene, foamed polypropylene, foamed polystyrene, and foamed polyurethane, can be used.

[0037] The foamed fire-resistant member 30 is not particularly limited in its specific shape, as long as it has a shape that extends in the radial direction of the sleeve member 10, but it may be, for example, block-shaped. In this embodiment, a circular foam 32 with a constant thickness and cutouts 34 is used as the foamed fire-resistant member 30.

[0038] The foamed fire-resistant member 30 is fixed to the inner circumference (in this example, the inner surface) of the sleeve member 10. The foamed fire-resistant member 30 is fixed to at least one inner surface in the axial direction of the sleeve member 10. In this embodiment, the foamed fire-resistant member 30 is fixed only to the inner surface on one side in the axial direction of the sleeve member 10 (the left side in Figure 2). While the sheet-like fire-resistant member 20 conforms tightly to the inner surface of the sleeve member 10, the foamed fire-resistant member 30, formed as a circular foam 32, is arranged to extend radially across the sleeve member 10.

[0039] Because the foamed fire-resistant member 30 is a foamed material itself, it is installed in a slightly compressed state so as to surround the elongated body 9, resulting in almost no minute gaps between it and the elongated body 9. Therefore, by using such a foamed fire-resistant member 30, it is possible to conceal the space on the opposite side of the compartment 8 and to prevent smoke from moving through the gap in the event of a fire, without having to install a separate shielding member.

[0040] Furthermore, the thermally expandable fire-resistant material contained in the foamed fire-resistant member 30 expands when heated, for example, by the heat of flames during a fire. The thermal expansion coefficient of the thermally expandable fire-resistant material is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 2 to 40 times. Also, the thermal expansion initiation temperature of the foamed fire-resistant member 30 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 150°C to 250°C. The thermal expansion initiation temperature of the foamed fire-resistant member 30 may be higher than that of the fire-resistant member 20. This is because the foamed fire-resistant member 30 is in contact with the elongated body 9, allowing heat to be easily transferred from the elongated body 9, and thus it can heat up more quickly than the fire-resistant member 20. When a fire occurs, the foamed fire-resistant member 30 quickly expands and plays a role in quickly closing the gap G between the through-hole 8H and the elongated body 9.

[0041] In addition, a second foamed fire-resistant member 30 (hereinafter referred to as "foamed fire-resistant member 30A" for distinction purposes) may be provided, which is inserted into the sleeve member 10 from the opposite side in the axial direction, separate from the foamed fire-resistant member 30 fixed to the sleeve member 10.

[0042] The locking member 40 is positioned on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve member 10. In this embodiment, the locking member 40 is fixed to the area of ​​the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve member 10 in the axial direction where the fire-resistant member 20 is provided (more specifically, near the end of the fire-resistant member 20). The locking member 40 locks onto the outer surface of the compartment 8 (the outer surface in the axial direction) to position the sleeve member 10 in the axial direction.

[0043] The shape of the locking member 40 is not particularly limited and may be, for example, tape-shaped, block-shaped, columnar, or dot-shaped. The material of the locking member 40 is also not particularly limited and may be, for example, foam, putty, caulking material, or fire-resistant material, or a composite material containing two or more of these. In this embodiment, a tape-shaped foam is used as the locking member 40. Examples of foams that can be used include expanded polyethylene, expanded polypropylene, expanded polystyrene, and expanded polyurethane.

[0044] The locking member 40 also plays a role in preventing the space on the opposite side of the compartment 8 from being seen through a small gap that occurs between the compartment 8 and the sleeve member 10, and in preventing smoke from moving through the small gap in the event of a fire.

[0045] The fire protection structure of this embodiment can be constructed using the fire protection unit 1 described above. With the elongated body 9 already inserted through the through-hole 8H of the compartment 8, the fire protection unit 1 is attached to the portion of the elongated body 9 that is outside the compartment 8 (preferably, the portion that is near the compartment 8) so as to surround it from the outer periphery. Then, with the sleeve member 10 reduced in diameter so that it is smaller than the through-hole 8H, the fire protection unit 1 is axially slid and pushed into the through-hole 8H, using the locking member 40 as a guide until it locks onto the outer surface of the compartment 8. Then, by simply releasing the hand that was holding it, the fire protection structure can be easily realized. After that, if necessary, a foamed fire-resistant member 30A may be further placed on the end of the sleeve member 10 on the insertion end side.

[0046] According to the fire protection structure of this embodiment, in addition to the fire-resistant member 20 arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve member 10, a foamed fire-resistant member 30 is provided that extends radially from the sleeve member 10. Therefore, when a fire actually occurs, the heat is easily transferred to the foamed fire-resistant member 30, which is located close to the elongated body 9 (more specifically, in contact with the elongated body 9). In particular, if the elongated body 9 contains metal such as a piping member, the elongated body 9 plays a role in transferring heat, making it easier for heat to be transferred to the foamed fire-resistant member 30. As a result, the foamed fire-resistant member 30 is more likely to expand thermally in advance, and the gap G between the through-hole 8H and the elongated body 9 can begin to close early (see the upper part of Figure 4). Subsequently, by thermally expanding the sheet-like fire-resistant member 20 arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve member 10, the gap G between the through-hole 8H and the elongated body 9 can be stably closed (see the lower part of Figure 4). If the elongated body 9 contains a combustible material such as a covering (typically a resin material), it will burn and disappear in the event of a fire. However, even in such cases, the gap G between the through-hole 8H and the elongated body 9 can be stably closed. Therefore, in the event of a fire, the gap G between the through-hole 8H and the elongated body 9 can be closed early and stably.

[0047] [Other Embodiments] (1) In the above embodiment, a configuration in which the fire-resistant member 20 is formed in a sheet shape was described as an example. However, the fire-resistant member 20 is not limited to such a configuration, and may be formed in a three-dimensional shape, for example.

[0048] (2) In the above embodiment, a configuration in which the heat-expandable fire-resistant material constituting the fire-resistant member 20 is non-foaming was described as an example. However, the configuration is not limited to such a configuration, and the heat-expandable fire-resistant material constituting the fire-resistant member 20 may be foaming.

[0049] (3) In the above embodiment, the specific shape of the foamed fire-resistant member 30 was described with examples. However, the foamed fire-resistant member 30 is not limited to such a configuration, and its specific shape can be arbitrary as long as it is fixed to at least the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve member 10 and extends in the radial direction of the sleeve member 10. For example, the foamed fire-resistant member 30 may be composed of a circular foam 32 having a central hole with an inner diameter slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the elongated body 9 and a single notch leading to it.

[0050] (4) In the above embodiment, a configuration in which the fire-resistant member 20 and the foamed fire-resistant member 30 are arranged apart in the axial direction was described as an example. However, the configuration is not limited to such a configuration, and the fire-resistant member 20 and the foamed fire-resistant member 30 may be arranged butting against each other in the axial direction. Alternatively, the fire-resistant member 20 and the foamed fire-resistant member 30 may be arranged partially overlapping in the axial direction.

[0051] (5) In the above embodiment, the foamed fire-resistant member 30 was described as being fixed only to one side of the sleeve member 10 in the axial direction (if the foamed fire-resistant member 30 is to be placed on the other side of the sleeve member 10 in the axial direction, it is added later). However, the embodiment is not limited to such a configuration, and the foamed fire-resistant member 30 may be fixed to both sides of the sleeve member 10 in the axial direction from the beginning. Alternatively, the foamed fire-resistant member 30 may be fixed to the axial center of the sleeve member 10.

[0052] (6) In the above embodiment, a configuration in which the fire protection unit 1 is equipped with a locking member 40 was described as an example. However, the fire protection unit 1 is not limited to such a configuration and does not need to be equipped with a locking member 40. In this case, the portion for axial positioning and fixing to the compartment 8 may be formed by cutting and bending a part of the sleeve member 10 (non-combustible sleeve 12).

[0053] (7) In the above embodiment, a configuration in which the thermal expansion onset temperature of the fire-resistant member 20 is lower than the thermal expansion onset temperature of the foamed fire-resistant member 30 was described as an example. However, the configuration is not limited to such a configuration, and the thermal expansion onset temperature of the fire-resistant member 20 may be the same as the thermal expansion onset temperature of the foamed fire-resistant member 30. Alternatively, the thermal expansion onset temperature of the foamed fire-resistant member 30 may be lower than the thermal expansion onset temperature of the fire-resistant member 20.

[0054] (8) In the above embodiment, a configuration in which the entire foamed fire-resistant member 30 is positioned outside the through-hole 8H was described as an example. However, the configuration is not limited to this, and a part or all of the foamed fire-resistant member 30 may be positioned inside the through-hole 8H.

[0055] (9) The configurations disclosed in each of the above-described embodiments (including the above-described embodiments and other embodiments; the same applies hereinafter) can be applied in combination with configurations disclosed in other embodiments, insofar as they do not cause a conflict. With respect to other configurations, the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative in all respects and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0056] 1. Fire prevention unit 10 Sleeve component 20 Fire-resistant materials 30 Foamed fire-resistant material 40 Locking member G Gap 8 compartments 8H through hole 9 Long body

Claims

1. A fire protection unit for creating a fire-resistant structure in the gap between a through-hole formed in a partition of a building and a long body inserted through the through-hole, A sleeve member inserted through the aforementioned through hole, A fire-resistant member containing a heat-expandable fire-resistant material is fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve member, A foamed fire-resistant member made of a foam containing a heat-expandable fire-resistant material is fixed to the inner circumference of the sleeve member and arranged to extend in the radial direction of the sleeve member, A fire protection unit equipped with fire prevention measures.

2. The fire protection unit according to claim 1, further comprising a locking member disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve member and locking to the outer surface of the partition body.

3. The fire protection unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sleeve member is formed in a cylindrical shape by rolling up a non-combustible sheet material and overlapping its ends.

4. A fire protection structure provided in the gap between a through-hole formed in a partition of a building and a long body inserted through the through-hole, A sleeve member inserted through the aforementioned through hole, A fire-resistant member containing a heat-expandable fire-resistant material is disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve member, On the inner circumference side of the sleeve member, a foamed fire-resistant member made of a foam containing a thermally expandable fire-resistant material is arranged to extend in the radial direction of the sleeve member, A fire-resistant structure equipped with fire protection measures.

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