Abrasion-resistant liner, abrasion-resistant liner structure, and method for manufacturing an abrasion-resistant liner

Abstract

The present invention aims to further improve the wear resistance of wear-resistant liners in order to extend their lifespan, and to contribute to extending the lifespan of liners. [Solution] The present invention relates to a wear-resistant liner in which multiple ceramic wear-resistant reinforcers are arranged in a matrix, wherein the matrix is ​​composed of multiple layers extending over the entire length of the wear-resistant reinforcer in the thickness direction of the wear-resistant liner, and wear resistance can be improved by having at least the outermost surface layer of the wear-resistant liner be made of cemented carbide. Furthermore, by applying a cast sheet material of cemented carbide, the wear-resistant reinforcers can be fixed by shrink-fitting, and the gap between the matrix and the wear-resistant reinforcers can be suppressed, thereby improving sliding wear resistance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a wear-resistant liner, and also relates to a wear-resistant liner assembly combining the wear-resistant liner, and a method for manufacturing the wear-resistant liner.

BACKGROUND ART

[0002] In various industries handling powders, ores and the like, during transportation and storage of powders, ores and the like, equipment damage progresses due to abrasion, and as a result, the equipment fails to function, requiring replacement of the equipment. A high replacement frequency increases operation downtime and deteriorates productivity. To prevent this, measures are taken to arrange wear-resistant liners on parts prone to abrasion, suppress the progress of abrasion, and protect the equipment.

[0003] For example, a rotating chute for charging iron and steel raw materials such as coke and iron ore into a blast furnace of an ironworks receives extremely large impact due to collision and sliding of the iron and steel raw materials, and is abraded. For this reason, a wear-resistant liner for protecting the chute surface is attached.

[0004] Wear-resistant liners are often made of wear-resistant alloys (e.g., wear-resistant steel, high Cr steel, etc.). In recent years, to enhance wear resistance, wear-resistant liners formed by compositing a wear-resistant reinforcing material made of ceramics (Si3N4, SiC, Al2O3, etc.) or cemented carbide with high wear-resistant effect and a wear-resistant metal have been proposed.

[0005] For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a wear-resistant liner in which a wear-resistant reinforcing material made of silicon nitride ceramics is cast-in and fixed with a high Cr alloy serving as a matrix so that the wear-resistant reinforcing material is exposed on the surface.

[0006] Patent Document 2 proposes a cast composite material in which the wear-resistant reinforcing material is a cemented carbide containing tungsten carbide (WC) as a main component, and the base material is high-chromium cast iron.

[0007] Patent Document 3 proposes a wear-resistant liner in which a ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement is shaped like a frustoconical pyramid and cast into a wear-resistant alloy matrix to prevent the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement from falling off.

[0008] Patent Document 4 proposes that in a wear-resistant liner in which wear-resistant reinforcement made of ceramics or cemented carbide is embedded in a matrix alloy, in order to suppress crack occurrence during the manufacturing process of the wear-resistant liner, the matrix alloy is formed in multiple layers, the outermost layer is made of an alloy with wear resistance, and at least one of the other layers is made of mild steel. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2010-58155 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2009-6347 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-180343 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2023-58289 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0010] As described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, when wear-resistant strengthening materials such as ceramics and cemented carbide are fixed into a wear-resistant alloy by casting, they are manufactured by casting or HIP (Hot Isostatic Press). However, because the thermal expansion coefficients of ceramics, cemented carbide, etc., and the matrix alloy are different, thermal stress is generated during cooling, which makes the matrix alloy prone to cracking.

[0011] Patent Document 4 absorbs thermal stress by forming the matrix alloy into multiple layers, thereby suppressing the occurrence of cracks caused by thermal stress during manufacturing, which is a problem in Patent Documents 1 to 3.

[0012] As disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 4, manufacturing problems in wear-resistant liners in which wear-resistant reinforcers made of ceramics or cemented carbide are embedded in a matrix alloy have been resolved. As a result, cracks that occur during manufacturing, particularly cracks in the matrix alloy, and wear and abrasion of the matrix have been reduced.

[0013] On the other hand, the actual environment in which wear-resistant liners are used is increasingly harsh, with collisions and sliding of powders and granules that have a certain degree of hardness and weight, such as ore. For this reason, there is a growing demand for longer lifespan for wear-resistant liners in order to maintain stable operation of equipment, improve productivity by reducing downtime associated with replacing wear-resistant liners, and lower maintenance costs. This invention aims to meet these demands by further improving the wear resistance of wear-resistant liners to extend their lifespan, thereby contributing to the extension of the liner's lifespan. [Means for solving the problem]

[0014] To solve the above problems, the inventors have diligently conducted research and development and obtained the following findings. In the following description, the surface of the wear-resistant liner, which requires wear resistance because powders and the like collide and slide against it, will be referred to as the surface, and the opposite surface as the back surface. In this specification, the direction perpendicular to the surface of the wear-resistant liner will be referred to as the thickness direction of the wear-resistant liner, the outermost surface in the thickness direction will be referred to as the "outermost surface side," and the outermost surface will be referred to as the "outermost back side."

[0015] (a) In the case of wear-resistant liners in which wear-resistant reinforcements made of ceramics or cemented carbide are embedded in a matrix alloy, even if a wear-resistant alloy is used for the matrix alloy, the matrix alloy remains the bottleneck in wear resistance, determining the lifespan of the wear-resistant liner. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the area fraction of the wear-resistant reinforcement on the surface of the wear-resistant liner as much as possible. In other words, it is necessary to reduce the area fraction of the matrix alloy on the liner surface. However, reducing the area fraction of the matrix alloy makes the wear-resistant reinforcement more susceptible to damage due to proximity or contact. This could actually lead to a shorter lifespan for the wear-resistant liner. Therefore, we conceived of further improving the wear resistance of the matrix alloy and proceeded with development.

[0016] (stomach) As examples of wear-resistant alloys applicable to matrix alloys, Patent Document 4 discloses high-Cr cast iron containing 12-30 wt% Cr and 1-3 wt% C, with added Si, Mn, Ni, Cu, Mo, W, etc., and high-speed steel (high-speed tool steel, various alloys of JIS standard SKH). For alloys with better wear resistance than these, cemented carbide can be considered.

[0017] However, cemented carbide is an alloy used as a wear-resistant strengthening material, similar to ceramics. Furthermore, when cemented carbide is applied to the matrix and manufactured by HIP, thermal stress is generated, making it prone to cracking, as raised in Patent Document 4. For this reason, it is conceivable to combine the matrix with mild steel or other materials in a multi-layer structure, as proposed in Patent Document 4. Since the internal pores of cemented carbide do not become continuous even after HIP treatment, it differs from HIP treatment of mild steel and other materials. Moreover, the HIP treatment temperature for cemented carbide is higher than that for mild steel and other materials. From these points, it is clear that even when cemented carbide is applied to the matrix, there are problems that need to be solved in manufacturing wear-resistant liners.

[0018] On the other hand, since the matrix is made of cemented carbide, the wear-resistant reinforcing material is preferably made of ceramics. If the wear-resistant reinforcing material is also made of cemented carbide, the entire liner surface will be made of cemented carbide. In general, when comparing cemented carbide and ceramics, cemented carbide has better impact resistance, while ceramics have better wear resistance. This is because it is therefore preferable to combine the two.

[0019] Accordingly, the present inventors have conceived of applying a cemented carbide plate material (cast plate material: a plate material formed by hot working such as rolling or forging after casting). By arranging the cemented carbide plate material around the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcing material, applying mild steel or the like to the matrix at the lower part of the liner and performing HIP treatment, the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcing material is fixed, and the liner surface is composed of the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcing material and the cemented carbide matrix. It has been found that the wear resistance of the liner is significantly improved.

[0020] Furthermore, since the cemented carbide plate material is arranged so as to surround the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcing material, it has also been found that the cemented carbide serving as the matrix can be fixed by shrink-fitting the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcing material through the thermal history of the HIP treatment. As a result, no gap is generated between the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcing material and the matrix alloy. In addition, since the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcing material is prevented from falling off, it has been found that the sliding wear resistance of the liner surface is also significantly enhanced.

[0021] The present invention has been made based on the above findings, and the gist thereof is as follows.

[0022] [1] A wear-resistant liner in which a plurality of wear-resistant reinforcing materials are arranged in a matrix, The wear-resistant reinforcing material is made of ceramics, The matrix is composed of a plurality of layers over the entire length of the wear-resistant reinforcing material in the thickness direction of the wear-resistant liner, and at least the layer on the outermost surface side of the wear-resistant liner is made of cemented carbide. A wear-resistant liner characterized by the above features. [2] The wear-resistant liner according to the above [1], wherein the cemented carbide of the layer on the outermost surface side of the wear-resistant liner is a cast plate material. [3] The wear-resistant liner according to the above [1] or [2], wherein at least one layer among the layers other than the layer on the outermost surface side among the multiple layers of the matrix is stainless steel or mild steel. [4] The wear-resistant liner according to any one of the above [1] to [3], wherein an insert material is disposed between the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcing material and the cemented carbide of the layer on the outermost surface side of the wear-resistant liner. [5] The wear-resistant liner according to any one of the above [1] to [4], wherein, among the multiple layers constituting the matrix, the layer on the rearmost surface side of the wear-resistant liner is stainless steel or mild steel. [6] The wear-resistant liner according to any one of the above [1] to [5], wherein the ceramic of the wear-resistant reinforcing material is one or two or more selected from Si3N4, SiC, and Al2O3. [7] The wear-resistant liner according to any one of the above [1] to [6], wherein the cemented carbide serving as the matrix is one or two selected from WC and WC-Co alloy. [8] The wear-resistant liner according to any one of the above [1] to [7], wherein the wear-resistant reinforcing material is a polygonal column. [9] A wear-resistant liner structure comprising a plurality of the wear-resistant liners according to any one of the above [1] to [8].

[10] The wear-resistant liner structure according to [9], wherein adjacent ones of the wear-resistant liners are joined at their back surfaces.

[11] The wear-resistant liner structure according to

[10] , wherein the joining is joining by electron beam welding or laser welding.

[12] The wear-resistant liner structure according to

[10] or

[11] , wherein the joining is performed only at the layer constituting the back surface of the wear-resistant liner.

[13] A method for manufacturing an abrasion-resistant liner as described in any one of the above items [1] to [8], Preparation steps include preparing at least a liner case, one or more types of ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement materials, and one or more types of cemented carbide, which are then formed into a cast sheet. A encapsulation step includes arranging a plurality of wear-resistant reinforcing materials inside the liner case, and a matrix of cast sheet material surrounding the wear-resistant reinforcing materials so as to be in contact with the surface of the wear-resistant liner. A method for manufacturing a wear-resistant liner, comprising a HIP step of performing a HIP treatment on the liner case in which a plurality of the wear-resistant reinforcing materials and the cast-molded plate material are arranged.

[14] The encapsulation step includes filling the area around the wear-resistant reinforcing material with stainless steel or mild steel powder adjacent to the cast sheet material that will form the matrix. The method for manufacturing an abrasion-resistant liner as described in

[13] above.

[15] Furthermore, the method for manufacturing an abrasion-resistant liner according to

[13] or

[14] above, further comprising a machining step of machining the liner case after the HIP treatment step. [Effects of the Invention]

[0023] According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a wear-resistant liner with improved wear resistance, and to extend the lifespan of the wear-resistant liner. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0024] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram showing an example of a wear-resistant liner according to the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the wear-resistant liner with the liner case omitted. [Figure 3] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-section of the wear-resistant liner cut perpendicular to its surface. [Figure 4]Figure 4(a) is a schematic diagram showing an example of a cross-section of a wear-resistant liner with a liner case. Figure 4(b) is a schematic diagram showing an example in Figure 4(a) where the liner case and the outermost layer of the matrix are made of the same material. Figure 4(c) is a schematic diagram showing an example in Figure 4(a) where a recess for placing wear-resistant reinforcing material is formed in the liner case. [Figure 5] These are examples of the arrangement of wear-resistant reinforcing materials. Figure 5(a) shows an example of a staggered arrangement, and Figure 5(b) shows another example of a staggered arrangement. Figure 5(c) shows an example of wear-resistant reinforcing materials arranged diagonally in parallel. [Figure 6] This is an example of the arrangement when combining wear-resistant reinforced materials with rectangular and square bases. [Figure 7] This is an explanatory diagram of the arrangement method for the matrix steel plates. [Figure 8] This is a schematic diagram showing an example of a wear-resistant liner that is a standard block for a wear-resistant liner structure, according to the present invention. [Figure 9] This is a schematic diagram showing an example of a wear-resistant liner structure according to the present invention. [Figure 10] This figure shows an example of an abrasion-resistant liner structure according to the present invention, specifically its back surface. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0025] The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings based on one embodiment of the present invention. For convenience, in the following description, one embodiment of the present invention will be simply referred to as "the present invention." However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[0026] [Abrasion-resistant liner] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an overview of one embodiment of the wear-resistant liner according to the present invention, and is a view of the surface of the wear-resistant liner. The wear-resistant liner 1 in Figure 1 is a wear-resistant liner in which a plurality of wear-resistant reinforcing materials 3 are arranged in a matrix 2 inside a liner case 4. On the surface of the wear-resistant liner 1, the matrix 2 is made of cemented carbide, and the wear-resistant liner 3 is made of ceramics. Note that the liner case 4 is not necessarily required and may be omitted. In the present invention, a wear-resistant liner without the liner case 4 will be described as an example. In the matrix 2 surrounding the wear-resistant reinforcing material 3, the portion of the matrix 2 that faces the surface of the wear-resistant liner is made of a cemented carbide cast sheet material.

[0027] The wear-resistant liner 1 is typically box-shaped (rectangular parallelepiped), with one side being the surface (the upper side in Figure 1) where powders or ores such as steel raw materials collide and slide against it, and the opposite side being the back surface. The direction perpendicular to the surface is defined as the thickness direction (hereinafter simply referred to as the "thickness direction"). As mentioned above, the outermost surface in the thickness direction is called the "outermost surface," and the outermost surface is called the "innermost surface." Typically, wear resistance is required on the surface of a wear-resistant liner. In the example in Figure 1, the reinforcing material 3 is a rectangular prism (including cubes), and there are 18 of them arranged in 3 rows vertically and 6 columns horizontally. The shape, arrangement, and number of wear-resistant reinforcing materials are not limited to this and should be set according to the location where the wear-resistant liner is installed.

[0028] Figure 2 shows the wear-resistant liner 1 from Figure 1 with the liner case 4 omitted. The liner case 4 is often made by machining the capsule used during HIP treatment. The wear-resistant reinforcement material 3 is surrounded by an alloy matrix 2, preventing the wear-resistant reinforcement materials from coming into contact with each other. This is because contact between wear-resistant reinforcement materials could cause them to break. Figure 2 shows the case where the matrix 2 consists of three layers (2a, 2b, 2c) along the entire length of the wear-resistant reinforcement material 3 in the thickness direction.

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-section of the wear-resistant liner in Figure 2, cut along AA. As can be seen from the cross-section of the wear-resistant liner, the reinforcing material 3 is arranged in the thickness direction of the liner and is located within the matrix 2. Here, the total length 21 of the wear-resistant reinforcing material refers to the length from the surface of the wear-resistant reinforcing material 3 (the surface on the surface side of the wear-resistant liner) to the back surface of the wear-resistant reinforcing material 3 (the surface on the back side of the wear-resistant liner) in the thickness direction. In the example in Figure 2, the thickness of the liner and the length of the reinforcing material are the same, so the surface of the reinforcing material constitutes part of the liner surface, and the back surface of the reinforcing material constitutes part of the liner back surface.

[0030] The matrix consists of multiple layers along the entire length of the wear-resistant reinforcement in the thickness direction of the wear-resistant liner. The number of layers is not particularly limited. In the example in Figure 2, matrix 2 has three layers (2a, 2b, and 2c from the surface side) along the entire length of the wear-resistant reinforcement in the liner thickness direction.

[0031] Since the abrasion-resistant liner only needs to have abrasion resistance on its surface, it is preferable to place an abrasion-resistant material in at least the outermost layer among the multiple layers of the matrix. The other layers can be made of materials as appropriate from the viewpoint of handling and other factors. In this invention, at least the outermost layer 2a of the abrasion-resistant liner is made of cemented carbide.

[0032] When using cemented carbide for the matrix, it is preferable to use ceramics for the wear-resistant reinforcement. If the wear-resistant reinforcement is also made of cemented carbide, the entire liner surface will become cemented carbide. When integrating the matrix and wear-resistant reinforcement through HIP treatment, if both the matrix and reinforcement are made of cemented carbide, the entire structure becomes one cemented carbide, which may reduce the crack propagation inhibitory effect and degrade impact resistance if cracks occur. Generally, when comparing cemented carbide and ceramics, cemented carbide has better impact resistance, while ceramics has better wear resistance. Therefore, it is preferable to combine the two.

[0033] Furthermore, by using cemented carbide as the matrix, the difference in thermal shrinkage rates between it and the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement material allows for shrink-fitting of the wear-resistant reinforcement material after HIP treatment. Therefore, there is no need to implement measures to prevent the wear-resistant reinforcement material from coming loose (for example, by creating indentations on the sides of the reinforcement material), and the shape of the wear-resistant reinforcement material can be made into a simple rectangular prism, etc.

[0034] [Cast molded sheet material on the outermost surface of the matrix liner] The outermost layer of the wear-resistant liner in the matrix should preferably have wear resistance, and a cemented carbide alloy is a good choice. The form of the cemented carbide alloy used as the matrix is ​​not particularly limited. It may be a bulk material made from cemented carbide powder by HIP treatment. It is preferable to use a cast cemented carbide plate material as the matrix to be combined with a ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement.

[0035] Cast-formed sheet metal refers to alloy sheets that are formed into a sheet shape after solidifying a molten alloy by casting. If a cast-formed sheet metal is made by melting cemented carbide and casting it, there are no voids that occur when the alloy powder is filled, so thermal shrinkage after HIP treatment can be minimized. Furthermore, as will be explained in the manufacturing method described later, the positioning of the reinforcing material inside the capsule is improved during capsule sealing for HIP treatment, and it also contributes to uniform thermal shrinkage. By obtaining these effects, the in-plane stress on the liner surface due to shrinkage is reduced, and crack occurrence can be suppressed.

[0036] The matrix obtained when a cast cemented carbide sheet is subjected to HIP treatment has a different microstructure than the matrix obtained when powder is subjected to HIP treatment. The matrix obtained when metal powder is subjected to HIP treatment is formed by solid-state bonding of powder particles through sintering, and because it contains many voids, its density is lower than that of a cast sheet made of the same composition. In other words, when comparing matrices made of alloys of the same composition, the density of the matrix obtained when metal powder is subjected to HIP treatment is lower than the density of the matrix obtained when cast sheet is subjected to HIP treatment, and the density of the matrix obtained when cast sheet is subjected to HIP treatment is below the true density of the alloy. Therefore, it is possible to distinguish between a cast sheet that has been subjected to HIP treatment and a matrix obtained when metal powder has been subjected to HIP treatment. That is, the following relationship holds.

[0037] Density of matrix obtained by HIP treatment of metal powder < Density of matrix obtained by HIP treatment of cast sheet material ≤ True density of the alloy

[0038] The method of forming the cast sheet material is not particularly limited. It can be hot-worked or cold-worked, and it may be rolled or forged material. For example, in the case of a sheet material, its size and dimensions should be formed to match the shape of the reinforcing material. Since rectangular prisms are usually used as reinforcing materials, a sheet material can be fitted to each face of the rectangular prism.

[0039] Furthermore, by arranging cemented carbide plates around the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement, the density is higher than when using alloy powder, thus enhancing the shrink-fitting effect of the wear-resistant reinforcement. This results in better adhesion between the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement and the matrix alloy, and also strengthens the retention force of the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement, thereby improving the sliding wear resistance of the liner surface.

[0040] [Carbide alloy] The type and composition of the cemented carbide are not particularly limited. For example, WC, WC-Co, composite carbides made by adding TiC or TaC to WC, or alloys in which Co is replaced with Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Mo, etc. are acceptable.

[0041] [Reinforcement material area ratio on the liner surface] As can be seen from Figure 2, the surface of the wear-resistant liner 1, excluding the liner case 4, is composed of a matrix 2 made of cemented carbide and a wear-resistant reinforcement material 3 made of ceramics. Generally, when comparing cemented carbide and ceramics, cemented carbide has better impact resistance, while ceramics has better wear resistance. Therefore, it is preferable to combine the two. Furthermore, since cemented carbide itself has better wear resistance than other alloys (for example, high-Cr cast iron or high-speed steel (steel for high-speed tools, various alloys of JIS standard SKH)), the surface of the wear-resistant liner 1 of the present invention has improved matrix wear resistance compared to wear-resistant liners of the conventional technology. As a result, the wear-resistant liner of the present invention has extremely good wear resistance.

[0042] To improve the wear resistance of the wear-resistant liner 1, it is desirable to increase the area ratio of the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcing material. However, increasing the area ratio of the reinforcing material reduces the area ratio of the matrix, and the matrix width between adjacent reinforcing materials becomes narrower. In conventional methods, when alloy powder is subjected to HIP treatment to form the matrix, if the distance between adjacent reinforcing materials becomes short, the reinforcing materials may come into contact during the HIP treatment, potentially causing damage to the reinforcing materials. However, in the present invention, a cast plate material is sandwiched between adjacent reinforcing materials during HIP treatment, thus avoiding contact between reinforcing materials during the HIP treatment. Therefore, the matrix width between reinforcing materials can be narrowed. In other words, the area ratio of the reinforcing material on the surface of the wear-resistant liner can be increased. Even with the same wear-resistant reinforcing material and matrix width, the larger the surface area of ​​the wear-resistant liner, the higher the area ratio of the wear-resistant reinforcing material. Therefore, there is no particular upper limit to the area ratio of the wear-resistant reinforcing material on the surface of the wear-resistant liner. In practice, the area ratio of the wear-resistant reinforcing material on the surface of the wear-resistant liner is preferably 95% or less.

[0043] There is no particular lower limit to the area ratio of the wear-resistant reinforcing material on the wear-resistant liner surface. Reducing the area ratio of the wear-resistant reinforcing material is equivalent to increasing the matrix width. On the other hand, increasing the matrix width increases the proportion of wear resistance on the liner surface that is borne by the matrix, so the effect of the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcing material cannot be enjoyed. Therefore, the area ratio of the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcing material on the wear-resistant liner surface is preferably 30% or more, and more preferably 35% or more, 40% or more, 45% or more, 50% or more, 55% or more, 60% or more, 65% or more, 70% or more, or 75% or more.

[0044] [Matrix width] As mentioned above, by using cast sheet metal, the width of the matrix (the distance between adjacent wear-resistant reinforcing materials) can be narrowed. This is because, unlike powder compression, cast sheet metal does not experience shrinkage of voids present during powder filling, and because it is a continuous material, adjacent reinforcing materials do not come into contact during HIP treatment.

[0045] The matrix width in the wear-resistant liner should realistically be 3.0 mm or more, taking into account the need to prevent the wear-resistant reinforcing material from coming loose. With a matrix width of 3.0 mm, the cast plate material forming the matrix will not break during the HIP treatment, preventing the reinforcing materials from coming into contact with each other. Preferably, the matrix width should be 3.5 mm or more, 4.0 mm or more, 4.5 mm or more, or 5.0 mm or more. There is no particular upper limit to the matrix width. It can be appropriately determined from the size of the liner, the size of the reinforcing material, and the area ratio of the wear-resistant reinforcing material on the liner surface.

[0046] On the other hand, if the matrix width is too large, the area ratio of the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement decreases, and its effect cannot be enjoyed. Therefore, the matrix width is preferably 10.0 mm or less, 9.0 mm or less, 8.0 mm or less, or 7.0 mm or less. Since a thinner matrix width allows for a higher area ratio of the wear-resistant reinforcement on the wear-resistant liner surface, it is preferable to set the matrix width in relation to the area ratio of the wear-resistant reinforcement.

[0047] [Thickness of the outermost layer (carbide alloy layer)] The outermost layer of the wear-resistant liner in the matrix (outermost layer) is not particularly limited in length in the liner thickness direction (thickness of the outermost layer) as long as it faces the liner surface. Since cemented carbide is generally expensive, it is desirable from an economic standpoint to make only the necessary length of the wear-resistant alloy. For example, the amount of wear can be estimated from the performance of the wear-resistant liner, and the thickness of the outermost layer can be set based on the equipment maintenance cycle. For example, it is good to set it to 10% or more, 20% or more, or 30% or more of the length of the wear-resistant reinforcing material in the liner thickness direction (total length of the wear-resistant reinforcing material). There is no particular upper limit to the thickness of the outermost layer. It is sufficient if it is no longer than the total length of the wear-resistant reinforcing material. Considering that cemented carbide is expensive, it is sufficient if there is a necessary thickness, so for example, it is good to set it to 80% or less, 70% or less, 60% or less, or 50% or less of the total length of the wear-resistant reinforcing material.

[0048] [Layers other than the outermost layer of the matrix] The type and composition of the alloys in the layers other than the outermost layer of the matrix are not particularly limited. Since the outermost layer is made of cemented carbide, it is preferable that the layers other than the outermost layer be made of alloys other than cemented carbide. This is because cemented carbide is expensive, so there is no need to make the layers other than the outermost layer out of cemented carbide. For the layers other than the outermost layer, for example, stainless steel or mild steel may be used. Mild steel is often used for the casing when performing HIP treatment, and considering the bonding properties with the casing, an iron-based alloy is preferable.

[0049] The form of the alloy applied to layers other than the outermost layer is not particularly limited. Assuming hot forming by HIP, alloy powder or cast sheet material may be used. Considering encapsulation for HIP treatment, it is preferable to apply alloy powder that can fill gaps.

[0050] In the example shown in Figure 3, the matrix is ​​composed of three layers in the thickness direction. The outermost layer 2a of matrix 2 is made of a cast sheet of cemented carbide, the intermediate layer 2b is made of, for example, stainless steel, and the innermost layer 2c is made of, for example, mild steel. Both the stainless steel in the intermediate layer 2b and the mild steel in the innermost layer 2c are examples of layers obtained by HIP treatment of their respective alloy powders. Through HIP treatment, the cemented carbide of the outermost layer 2a is diffusion-bonded to the stainless steel of the intermediate layer 2b. Furthermore, the stainless steel of the intermediate layer 2b and the mild steel of the innermost layer 2c are also diffusion-bonded by HIP treatment. Therefore, the matrix can be integrated by HIP treatment.

[0051] The outermost layer is preferably made of stainless steel or mild steel. This is because the casing of HIP is usually made of stainless steel or mild steel, making it easier for the outermost layer to be integrally molded with the casing. As will be described later, by joining the casings 4 of adjacent wear-resistant liners, a wear-resistant liner with a larger surface area can be obtained. For this reason, it is preferable for the outermost layer of the wear-resistant liner matrix and the casing to be integrated, and it is preferable for the outermost layer and the casing to be made of stainless steel or mild steel.

[0052] [Insert material] An insert material may be placed between the outermost layer of cemented carbide cast sheet material and the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement material. Even with HIP treatment, cemented carbide and ceramics are not solid-state bonded (diffusion bonded), and fine gaps (voids) exist at their interface due to the surface irregularities of the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement material. Since these voids can become the starting point for crack formation, it is preferable to minimize the gaps at the interface between the cemented carbide cast sheet material and the wear-resistant reinforcement material. Therefore, it is preferable to place an insert material made of an alloy with lower hot strength (better hot deformability) than cemented carbide between the cemented carbide cast sheet material and the wear-resistant reinforcement material.

[0053] The type and composition of the alloy used for the insert material are not particularly limited, as long as it has lower hot strength (good hot deformability) than cemented carbide. For example, considering formability in HIP and conformability to unevenness on the ceramic surface, stainless steel or mild steel is preferable.

[0054] The form of the insert material is not particularly limited. However, if it is in powder form, it is difficult to fill the fine gaps between the cemented carbide cast plate and the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement. Therefore, it is preferable to use, for example, a material in which an alloy layer is formed by vapor-depositing an alloy onto the surface of the cemented carbide cast plate, or an alloy plate (alloy foil) in the form of foil (extremely thin plate with a thickness of 1 mm or less). When using alloy foil, it is preferable to place the alloy foil between the cemented carbide cast plate and the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement. This is because the HIP treatment deforms the alloy foil or alloy vapor-deposited layer to conform to the surface of the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement, and can fill the gaps between the cemented carbide cast plate and the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement caused by the unevenness of the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement. The thickness of the insert material is not particularly limited. However, if the insert material is too thick, it may be exposed on the liner surface at the outermost surface of the wear-resistant liner after HIP treatment, causing selective wear. Therefore, the upper limit of the thickness is preferably 1.0 mm or less, 0.8 mm or less, 0.6 mm or less, 0.5 mm or less, or 0.4 mm or less. If the lower limit of the insert material thickness is too thin, it may not be able to fill the surface irregularities of the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement, and a gap may remain between the cemented carbide matrix and the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement. Therefore, the lower limit of the insert material thickness is preferably about the same thickness as the surface irregularities of the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement. For example, it is preferable to have a thickness of 10 μm or more, 50 μm or more, 100 μm or more, 200 μm or more, 500 μm or more, or 1.0 mm or more. Depending on the required thickness, it may be decided as appropriate whether to form a vapor-deposited alloy layer or apply alloy foil.

[0055] [Liner case] The liner case is not particularly limited in shape or material. Since it often serves both the function of attaching the wear-resistant liner to the target equipment and the function of encapsulating it during HIP treatment, it is advisable to select a shape and material that takes these functions into consideration.

[0056] When the liner case also serves as the capsule for HIP treatment, mild steel or stainless steel is usually used. This is because it is easy to process and deform during HIP treatment, making it easier to transmit pressure to the interior (i.e., the reinforcing material and the cast sheet metal that forms the matrix). In addition, it is necessary to form it into a shape appropriate for the installation location in the target equipment. From this perspective, if the liner case is made of stainless steel or mild steel, the formability after HIP treatment is also improved. Furthermore, even if the surface of the wear-resistant liner is covered with the liner case, after installation in the actual machine, the stainless steel or mild steel liner case will wear down, and as a result the wear-resistant reinforcing material and cemented carbide matrix will be exposed on the liner surface, exhibiting the desired wear resistance, so there is no problem. Figure 4(a) shows an example of a cross-section of a wear-resistant liner with a liner case.

[0057] Of course, the liner case itself may also have wear resistance, but generally, wear-resistant alloys are not only expensive but also difficult to process. Furthermore, the inherent wear resistance of the wear-resistant liner is ensured by the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement and the cemented carbide matrix, so there is little point in adding wear resistance to the liner case.

[0058] In the example shown in Figure 4(a), liner cases 4 are placed on the front and back surfaces of the wear-resistant liner, and a wear-resistant reinforcing material 3 and three layers of matrices 2a, 2b, and 2c are placed between the liner cases 4. The outermost layer 2a of the matrix is ​​made of cemented carbide, and the wear-resistant reinforcing material 3 is made of ceramics.

[0059] The liner case and the outermost layer 2c of the matrix of the wear-resistant liner may be made of the same material. Figure 4(b) shows an example in Figure 4(a) where the liner case 4 and the outermost layer 2c of the matrix are made of the same material. In this case, when HIP treatment is performed, the outermost layer 2c and the liner case 4 on the back side will form the same layer. In Figure 4(b), the boundary between the liner case and the outermost layer 2c before HIP treatment is shown by a dotted line.

[0060] The liner case may also serve as the outermost layer of the matrix. For example, a recess may be formed in the liner case for arranging a ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement. Figure 4(c) shows an example in which a recess for arranging the wear-resistant reinforcement 3 is formed in the liner case 4 in the example of Figure 4(a). When encapsulating for HIP, arranging the wear-resistant reinforcement 3 in the recess of the liner case 4 not only makes it easier to arrange the wear-resistant reinforcement 3, but also prevents the wear-resistant reinforcement 3 from moving during the HIP process. In this case, the outermost layer 2c of the matrix and the casing 4 become a single unit.

[0061] [Wear-resistant reinforcement material] Ceramics are used as wear-resistant reinforcement materials. The type of ceramic is not particularly limited. For example, one or more types selected from Si3N4, Sialon, SiC, ZrO2, Al2O3, etc. may be used. Wear-resistant reinforcement materials of the same material may be placed in the wear-resistant liner, or wear-resistant reinforcement materials of different materials may be placed. The ceramic material should be selected according to the ore or other substance that the wear-resistant liner is intended for.

[0062] The shape of the wear-resistant reinforcing material is not particularly limited. However, when a plate-shaped cast sheet material is used for the matrix, it is preferable that the reinforcing material be a polygonal prism with flat sides. In particular, it is preferable that the shape of the reinforcing material ensures that the matrix width between adjacent reinforcing materials is constant. For example, it is preferable that the wear-resistant reinforcing material be a cube or a rectangular parallelepiped. For example, the wear-resistant reinforcing material shown in Figures 1 to 4 is an example of a rectangular parallelepiped with a square liner surface. Alternatively, it may be a triangular prism or a regular hexagonal prism with a right-angled triangle or equilateral triangle as the base. With these shapes, reinforcing materials of the same shape can be arranged. Of course, reinforcing materials with irregularly shaped rectangular prisms as the base can also be combined.

[0063] Figures 5 and 6 show examples of the arrangement of wear-resistant reinforcing materials in a wear-resistant liner (viewed from above and perpendicular to the surface of the wear-resistant liner). For example, as shown in Figure 5(a), the reinforcing materials may be staggered and arranged in a staggered pattern. By arranging them in a staggered pattern, the matrices are not continuously connected, which can suppress selective wear of the matrices. In particular, if the matrices in the wear direction (the flow direction of powder or ore sliding on the liner surface) are not continuous, selective wear of the matrices can be suppressed. Figure 5(b) is another example of a staggered pattern. Figure 5(c) is an example where the reinforcing materials are arranged diagonally with respect to the wear direction. Figure 6 is an example of an arrangement where rectangular prisms with rectangular bases and rectangular prisms with square bases are combined, and the matrices are not continuous in both the vertical and horizontal directions. By arranging them in this way, selective wear of the matrices can be suppressed, similar to the staggered pattern.

[0064] [Abrasion-resistant liner structure] Wear-resistant liners are used to protect equipment, and their size and shape are determined according to each piece of equipment. Typically, they are manufactured as a single unit for each piece of equipment. However, manufacturing large or complexly shaped liners as a single unit requires not only large manufacturing equipment (such as HIP equipment), but also larger defect inspection equipment, leading to decreased productivity and high manufacturing costs. Therefore, combining small wear-resistant liners as blocks can solve these problems.

[0065] The inventors have discovered that by combining multiple of the aforementioned wear-resistant liners as blocks, wear-resistant liners suitable for large-scale and irregularly shaped equipment can be efficiently manufactured. This structure of multiple wear-resistant liners (blocks) suitable for large-scale and irregularly shaped equipment is referred to as a wear-resistant liner structure.

[0066] For example, by manufacturing multiple wear-resistant liners that can be produced using existing HIP equipment as the standard type, and then arranging and joining these standard wear-resistant liners (blocks) to match the shape of the equipment to which the liner will be installed, a large wear-resistant liner (wear-resistant liner structure) can be manufactured.

[0067] Figure 8 shows an example of a wear-resistant liner with two matrix alloy layers. This can be considered as a combination of the intermediate layer 2b and the outermost layer 2c of the matrix alloy shown in Figure 2. The outermost layer 2a of the matrix alloy in the wear-resistant liner shown in Figure 8 is a cemented carbide alloy, and the outermost layer 2c is a mild steel layer. We will explain using the case where this wear-resistant liner is a standard wear-resistant liner (block) as an example.

[0068] Figure 9 shows an example of a wear-resistant liner structure formed by combining five standard wear-resistant liner (blocks) from Figure 8. By arbitrarily combining blocks in this way, wear-resistant liner structures of various shapes can be manufactured. By joining adjacent blocks together, a single, integrated wear-resistant liner structure can be obtained. It is preferable to join the blocks on the back side. If the blocks are joined on the liner surface, the joint will wear down and fall apart due to exposure to the wear environment. When joining on the back side of the liner, joining is easier if the matrix alloy on the back side is mild steel. For example, with mild steel welding, existing welding methods can be applied, and it can be welded more easily than with wear-resistant steel.

[0069] The joining method is not particularly limited. It can be welding or mechanical joining. Since the back surface is not exposed to a wear environment, the joined part will not deteriorate even if an existing joining method is applied. Even in the case of welding, the welding method is not particularly limited. Existing welding methods such as arc welding and laser welding can be applied. In the case of welding, depending on the amount of heat input, it may affect wear-resistant materials such as ceramics and cemented carbide, so a welding method that has a high heat density and allows for appropriate control of the heat amount, such as laser welding or electron beam welding, is preferable if possible.

[0070] Furthermore, with laser welding or electron beam welding, the heat-affected zone is limited, allowing for joining without affecting wear-resistant materials such as ceramics and cemented carbide. In addition, with laser welding or electron beam welding, the shape of the back surface can be welded as is, making it easier to attach the integrated wear-resistant liner structure to the equipment.

[0071] Figure 10 shows an example of a standard liner laser-welded. Figure 10 is a view of the back surface of the liner, with six rectangular blocks lined up in the foreground, and their boundaries laser-welded. Furthermore, the laser welding is performed only within the layer that makes up the back surface of the liner (in the case of Figure 10, the mild steel layer) of the matrix alloy. By joining only the mild steel layer, a highly reliable joint is obtained. Since the back surface of the liner is not exposed to a wear environment, sufficient strength can be obtained even with welding only the mild steel layer, and the blocks will not detach during use.

[0072] [Manufacturing method] An embodiment of the manufacturing method for the wear-resistant liner of the present invention will be described. The manufacturing method is not limited as long as it satisfies the requirements for the wear-resistant liner and the wear-resistant liner structure as defined in the present invention. However, from the viewpoint of firmly bonding dissimilar materials, such as the wear-resistant reinforcing material and the matrix, it is preferable to manufacture by hot pressing or HIP (Hot Isostatic Press). Furthermore, by manufacturing by hot pressing or HIP, the contrast with conventional methods using alloy powder as the matrix becomes clear, and significant advantages can be enjoyed. The following description will explain the manufacturing of the wear-resistant liner shown in Figures 1 and 2 by the HIP method as an example.

[0073] <Preparation Steps> As a preparation step, at least a liner case, a ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement, and alloy powders such as cemented carbide for the outermost layer of the matrix and alloy powders such as stainless steel or mild steel for the intermediate layer, or cast sheet materials formed into plates after casting, are prepared. For example, the wear-resistant reinforcement may be made of ceramic and in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the matrix alloy may be cemented carbide (WC), stainless steel, or mild steel, and a mild steel liner case may also serve as the capsule for the HIP treatment.

[0074] <Capsulation Steps> Next, in the encapsulation step, the wear-resistant reinforcing material and the alloy powder or cast plate that will serve as the matrix, prepared in the preparation step, are placed inside a liner case that also serves as the capsule for the HIP treatment. Here, the cemented carbide alloy powder or cast plate material, which will form the outermost layer of the matrix on the liner surface side, is placed in contact with the liner surface. For example, the surface side may be positioned vertically downwards (upside down), and the wear-resistant reinforcing material and the alloy powder or cast plate material that will serve as the matrix may be placed on top of the case.

[0075] Figure 7 (view of the wear-resistant liner from vertically above) shows an example of the arrangement of reinforcing material and cemented carbide plate material when the outermost matrix layer is made of a cast cemented carbide plate material. This shows the case where the reinforcing material 3 and the cemented carbide plate material that forms the matrix (cemented carbide plate material 21 in the vertical direction, and cemented carbide plate material 22 in the horizontal direction) are arranged inside a liner case (not shown). As shown in Figure 7, it is preferable to arrange the reinforcing material 3 and the cemented carbide plate material 21 and 22 that form the matrix in the same way as the final wear-resistant liner structure. Both the cemented carbide plate material 21 and 22 that form the matrix and the reinforcing material 3 can be placed in close proximity due to their high processing precision. If there is a small gap between the cemented carbide plate material 21 and 22 and the reinforcing material 3, it is preferable to place an insert material there. By placing an insert material, the gap can be filled, and cracks caused by minute gaps can be prevented.

[0076] Figure 7 shows an example where rectangular prisms with square bases are arranged in parallel. However, the reinforcing materials may also be arranged in a staggered pattern, for example, as shown in Figures 5(a) to 5(c). Alternatively, as shown in Figure 6, rectangular prisms with rectangular bases and rectangular prisms with square bases may be combined and arranged. By arranging them in this way, selective wear of the matrix can be suppressed, similar to the staggered arrangement.

[0077] Once the designated reinforcing material and the alloy powder or cast sheet material that will form the matrix are placed inside the liner case, the liner case is sealed with a lid for HIP treatment. At this time, the inside of the liner case is depressurized. This depressurization creates a vacuum inside the capsule. The depressurization method and set pressure can be the same as for normal HIP treatment.

[0078] Note that the HIP treatment conditions for cemented carbide differ from those for iron-based materials such as stainless steel and mild steel, requiring high-temperature processing. Therefore, when using cemented carbide powder for the outermost layer of the matrix, the HIP treatment conditions for cemented carbide should be applied. When using cemented carbide sheet material for the outermost layer and iron-based materials such as stainless steel or mild steel for the intermediate layer, it is preferable to apply the usual HIP treatment conditions for iron-based materials. Since the HIP treatment conditions for iron-based materials are lower than those for cemented carbide, using cemented carbide sheet material for the outermost layer of the matrix is ​​preferable from a productivity standpoint.

[0079] The layers of the matrix other than the outermost layer (intermediate and innermost layers) are made by arranging alloy powder or cast sheet material of a predetermined alloy according to a predetermined thickness. When arranging alloy powder, it is desirable to arrange it in a way that increases the packing density. For example, it is good to supply and arrange the alloy powder while applying vibration.

[0080] <HIPステップ> In the HIP step, the capsules created in the encapsulation step are loaded into the HIP apparatus and subjected to HIP treatment. The HIP treatment conditions should be appropriately selected according to well-known HIP methods. For example, for iron-based materials, heating (e.g., 900°C to 1400°C) and pressurization (e.g., 90 MPa to 200 MPa) should be applied. For example, when applying HIP treatment conditions to cemented carbide, the HIP treatment conditions should be applied according to the grade of cemented carbide. This is how the HIP treatment is performed. After the HIP treatment is completed, the capsules are removed from the HIP apparatus, molded, and a wear-resistant liner with the desired shape can be obtained. Note that when the liner is manufactured by heating and pressurizing the capsules, the liner will shrink, but this is a natural consequence of the HIP method and can be foreseen in advance. Therefore, the size of the capsule should be determined taking into account the shrinkage allowance. This should also be set by applying well-known HIP methods. However, it should be noted that when a cast sheet material is used as the matrix, this shrinkage allowance will be smaller than in conventional HIP treatment using metal powder.

[0081] Even if a cemented carbide cast sheet is placed on the surface side of the wear-resistant liner of the matrix, and stainless steel or mild steel is placed in the other parts, HIP treatment can diffuse bond them at their interface, allowing them to be firmly integrated. Furthermore, during HIP treatment, the reinforcing material and the cast sheet placed around the reinforcing material (sides and bottom) are bonded together by the casting sheet deforming in a direction that brings them into close contact during heating and pressurizing. During subsequent cooling, the difference in thermal shrinkage rates between the reinforcing material and the cast sheet causes compressive stress to act on the reinforcing material, resulting in shrink-fit bonding and integration of the two materials.

[0082] Since cast sheet metal of cemented carbide or iron-based materials shrinks less during HIP treatment compared to alloy powder, surrounding the reinforcing material with cemented carbide sheet metal and performing HIP treatment can prevent displacement and tilting of the reinforcing material compared to using metal powder.

[0083] Furthermore, for example, the stainless steel or mild steel that forms the case may have openings or recesses in advance where the reinforcing material will be placed. By placing the wear-resistant reinforcing material in the openings or recesses, not only is it easier to position the reinforcing material, but it is also possible to prevent the reinforcing material from shifting position or tilting during the HIP treatment.

[0084] <Processing Steps> The capsule (liner case) after the HIP treatment is processed into a predetermined shape. For example, to create a mounting shape that matches the equipment to which the wear-resistant liner is attached, the liner case may be machined after the HIP treatment. A mounting jig for the equipment can also be attached. The processing method is not particularly limited; standard machining or welding methods can be applied.

[0085] The liner case on the surface side of the wear-resistant liner does not necessarily need to be removed. This is because the surface side is exposed to a wear environment due to the sliding of powders and ores, and will wear away and be removed. When the surface liner case wears away, the wear-resistant reinforcing material becomes exposed on the surface and exhibits wear resistance. [Examples]

[0086] An example of applying the wear-resistant liner according to the present invention to the liner of a swivel chute for supplying raw materials in a blast furnace for steelmaking will be described. The specifications of the wear-resistant liner are shown below.

[0087] <Abrasion-resistant liner> Abrasion-resistant liner dimensions (internal case dimensions before HIP treatment): W415~586mm × D162~234mm × H45mm Arrangement of reinforcing material in the wear-resistant liner: (horizontal) 18 pieces × (vertical) 7 pieces = 126 pieces Case material: mild steel

[0088] <Abrasion-resistant reinforcement material> Dimensions: W22mm x D22mm x H37mm Material: Si3N4 (ceramics)

[0089] <Matrix> Number of matrix layers: 2 layers Matrix width: 8mm Outermost layer: WC (carbide alloy) powder (powder, particle size 5-20 μm) (gas atomized product) WC (carbide alloy) cast sheet material (width 10mm, thickness 5mm) Outermost layer: Mild steel (powder, particle size approximately 0.1 μm (gas atomized product))

[0090] <Insert material> Dimensions: W22mm x H37mm x D (thickness) 100μm Material: Stainless steel

[0091] <Comparative material> Number of matrix layers: 2 layers Matrix width: 8mm Outermost layer: High-speed steel (powder, particle size approximately 0.1 μm (gas atomized)) Mild steel (powder, particle size approximately 0.1 μm (gas atomized product)) Outermost layer: Mild steel (powder, particle size approximately 0.1 μm (gas atomized product))

[0092] Reinforcing material and the matrix material described above were placed in the prepared liner cases, and for some test specimens, insert material was placed at the interface between the matrix and the wear-resistant reinforcing material. The lids were then closed to produce five HIP treatment capsules each. Subsequently, five wear-resistant liners for testing were manufactured using the HIP method. After the HIP treatment, the liner case corresponding to the surface was removed by machining, and a visual inspection was performed. The presence or absence of cracks in the matrix alloy was checked using fluorescent testing.

[0093] Next, two crack-free abrasion-resistant liners were selected and installed in an actual blast furnace for comparative abrasion resistance testing. Eight test materials—one each of test materials 1, 2, 3, 4, 11, and 12, and two test materials 13—were combined to form the abrasion-resistant liner for the rotating chute, the equipment used to charge steel raw materials into the blast furnace. The back of these materials was laser-welded to create one abrasion-resistant liner structure, resulting in a total of two abrasion-resistant liner structures. The two abrasion-resistant liner structures were installed on the inner surface of the blast furnace's rotating chute, and the actual equipment was operated to observe the wear. After approximately six months of continuous operation, the liners were removed and the wear was visually inspected. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0094] The liners of test materials 1-4 showed good wear resistance, with no cracks in the reinforcing material and minimal matrix wear (visually less than 2 mm deep). In test materials 1-3, some areas of selective wear were observed at the interface between the matrix and the wear-resistant reinforcing material (indicated by ○ in Table 1). On the other hand, no selective wear was observed at the interface between the matrix and the wear-resistant reinforcing material in test material 4 (indicated by ◎ in Table 1).

[0095] The liner of test material 11 showed severe matrix abrasion, with abrasion to a depth of 5-10 mm observed in the matrix parallel to the ore flow direction. In addition, some of the edges (corners) of the reinforcing material were abraded, and 1-2 instances of damage were observed.

[0096] In the liner of test material 12, abrasion to a depth of 3-5 mm was observed in the matrix parallel to the ore flow direction. Although abrasion was observed at the edges (corners) of the wear-resistant reinforcement material, no breakage was observed.

[0097] In test material 13, the liner showed the most severe matrix abrasion, with abrasion exceeding 10 mm in depth observed in the matrix parallel to the ore flow direction. Furthermore, some of the edges (corners) of the reinforcing material were abraded, and more than five instances of damage were observed.

[0098] From the above, it was confirmed that enhancing wear resistance by using a cemented carbide for the matrix on the liner surface is extremely effective in improving the overall wear resistance of the liner.

[0099] [Table 1] [Industrial applicability]

[0100] This invention can be used in any industry that utilizes powders, ores, etc. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0101] 1. Abrasion-resistant liner 2 Matrix 2a Outermost layer of the matrix 2b matrix intermediate layer 2c matrix, outermost layer 3. Abrasion-resistant reinforcement 4 Liner Cases 11. Abrasion-resistant liner components 21. Cast sheet material of cemented carbide (longitudinal direction) 22. Cast sheet material of cemented carbide (lateral direction)

Claims

1. A wear-resistant liner in which multiple wear-resistant reinforcing materials are arranged in a matrix, The aforementioned wear-resistant reinforcement is made of ceramics. The wear-resistant liner is characterized in that the matrix is ​​composed of multiple layers extending along the entire length of the wear-resistant reinforcing material in the thickness direction of the wear-resistant liner, and at least the outermost layer of the wear-resistant liner is made of cemented carbide.

2. The wear-resistant liner according to claim 1, wherein the cemented carbide of the outermost layer of the wear-resistant liner is a cast sheet material.

3. The wear-resistant liner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the layers of the matrix, other than the outermost layer, is made of stainless steel or mild steel.

4. The wear-resistant liner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an insert material is disposed between the ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement and the cemented carbide layer on the outermost surface of the wear-resistant liner.

5. The wear-resistant liner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, among the plurality of layers constituting the matrix, the layer on the back side of the wear-resistant liner is made of stainless steel or mild steel.

6. The ceramics of the wear-resistant strengthening material are Si ３ N ４ , SiC, and Al ２ O ３ The wear-resistant liner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein it is one or more of the following.

7. The wear-resistant liner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cemented carbide matrix is ​​one or two of WC and WC-Co alloys.

8. The wear-resistant liner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wear-resistant reinforcing material is a polygonal prism.

9. A wear-resistant liner structure characterized by being composed of a plurality of wear-resistant liners as described in claim 1 or 2.

10. The wear-resistant liner structure according to claim 9, wherein adjacent wear-resistant liners are joined together on their back surfaces.

11. The wear-resistant liner structure according to claim 10, wherein the joining is performed by electron beam welding or laser welding.

12. The abrasion-resistant liner structure according to claim 10, wherein the bonding is performed only on the layer constituting the back surface of the abrasion-resistant liner.

13. A method for manufacturing an abrasion-resistant liner according to claim 1 or 2 above, Preparation steps include preparing at least a liner case, one or more types of ceramic wear-resistant reinforcement materials, and one or more types of cemented carbide, which are then formed into a cast sheet. A encapsulation step includes arranging a plurality of wear-resistant reinforcing materials inside the liner case, and a matrix of cast sheet material surrounding the wear-resistant reinforcing materials so as to be in contact with the surface of the wear-resistant liner. A method for manufacturing a wear-resistant liner, comprising a HIP step of performing HIP treatment on the liner case in which a plurality of the wear-resistant reinforcing materials and the cast-molded plate material are arranged.

14. The encapsulation step includes filling the area around the wear-resistant reinforcing material with stainless steel or mild steel powder adjacent to the cast sheet material that will form the matrix. The method for manufacturing an abrasion-resistant liner according to claim 13.

15. Furthermore, the method for manufacturing an abrasion-resistant liner according to claim 13, further comprising a machining step of machining the liner case after the HIP treatment step.

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