Structures and methods for constructing structures

Abstract

The present invention provides a resin structure that dissipates heat easily and absorbs moisture easily during manufacturing, as well as a method for constructing such a structure. [Solution] The structure 10 comprises a wooden flooring material 20, a foundation 30 which is more rigid than the flooring material 20 and to which the flooring material 20 is fixed, and a resin laminate 40 which is built on top of the flooring material 20.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a structure and a method for constructing the structure.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 listed below discloses a formation support system that forms a structure by stacking modeling material discharged from a nozzle while moving the nozzle attached to a robot arm of a 3D printer device along a discharge path.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In the above Patent Document 1, mortar is cited as an example of the modeling material. On the other hand, a resin may be used as the modeling material for 3D printers. In this case, generally, molten resin is laminated. For example, by laminating the upper layer resin in a state where the lower layer resin is not completely cured, the resins of the lower layer and the upper layer are bonded to each other by their mutual viscosity. Then, the resin gradually cures by dissipating heat, and develops strength as a structure. In addition, if moisture in the air is absorbed during the curing process, cracks may occur and quality may not be ensured. For this reason, structures manufactured by laminating resins are required to easily dissipate heat during manufacturing and be less likely to absorb moisture.

[0005] In consideration of the above facts, the present invention provides a resin structure that easily dissipates heat during manufacturing and is less likely to absorb moisture, and a method for constructing the structure.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The structure according to claim 1 comprises a wooden flooring material, a foundation more rigid than the flooring material to which the flooring material is fixed, and a resin laminate built on top of the flooring material.

[0007] A resin laminate is constructed by layering molten resin and bonding the upper and lower layers together. The resin needs to dissipate heat during the curing process, and moisture absorption must be suppressed.

[0008] Therefore, in the structure of claim 1, a laminate is constructed on top of a wooden flooring material. This allows heat to be dissipated from the bottom layer of resin to the flooring material. In addition, moisture accumulation between the resin and the flooring material can be suppressed, thus suppressing moisture absorption by the resin. In contrast, with concrete flooring materials, for example, moisture accumulates between the resin and the concrete, making it difficult to suppress moisture absorption.

[0009] Furthermore, since the flooring material is fixed to a foundation that is more rigid than the flooring material itself, warping is suppressed. As a result, distortion of the laminated structure caused by warping of the flooring material is less likely to occur.

[0010] The method for constructing the structure of claim 2 comprises the steps of fixing wooden flooring to a foundation with higher rigidity than the flooring, and constructing a laminate on top of the flooring using a 3D printer.

[0011] In the construction method for the structure of claim 2, a laminate is constructed on top of a wooden flooring material. This allows heat to be dissipated from the bottom layer of resin to the flooring material. Furthermore, since moisture accumulation between the resin and the flooring material can be suppressed, moisture absorption by the resin can be suppressed. In contrast, with concrete flooring materials, for example, moisture accumulates between the resin and the concrete, making it difficult to suppress moisture absorption.

[0012] Furthermore, since the flooring material is fixed to a foundation that is more rigid than the flooring material itself, warping is suppressed. As a result, distortion of the laminated structure caused by warping of the flooring material is less likely to occur.

[0013] The method for constructing a structure according to claim 3 is the method for constructing a structure according to claim 2, wherein the laminate is constructed in an indoor space, and an air conditioner is provided in the indoor space.

[0014] The method for constructing a structure according to claim 3 allows for the adjustment of humidity and other conditions in the environment in which the laminate is constructed. This, for example, can suppress excessive increases in humidity and prevent cracking caused by moisture absorption during the hardening of the laminate.

[0015] The method for constructing a structure according to claim 4 is the method for constructing a structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the 3D printer extrudes the resin while rotating, and the laminate is formed in a circular shape surrounding the 3D printer in a plan view.

[0016] In the method for constructing a structure according to claim 4, a circular laminate is formed. Such a laminate can be constructed by rotating the main body, for example, without moving the arm or nozzle of the 3D printer horizontally. Therefore, it is easy to control the construction speed of the laminate and to control the temperature of the resin surface from which the molten resin is injected. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] The present invention provides a resin structure that dissipates heat easily and does not absorb moisture easily during manufacturing, as well as a method for constructing such a structure. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0018] [Figure 1] (A) is a vertical section view showing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a plan view. [Figure 2] (A) is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the state in which the floor material is fixed to the foundation in a method for constructing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the state in which the temporary roof has been constructed. [Figure 3] This is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the state in which a laminate is being constructed in a method for constructing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4](A) is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a path for injecting molten resin in the structure construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention, (B) is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the path, (C) is a conceptual diagram showing still another example of the path, and (D) is a conceptual diagram showing yet another example of the path. [Mode for Carrying Out the Invention]

[0019] Hereinafter, the structure and the structure construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Components denoted by the same reference numerals in each drawing mean the same components. However, unless otherwise specified in the specification, each component is not limited to one, and a plurality of components may exist.

[0020] In addition, descriptions of overlapping configurations and reference numerals in each drawing may be omitted. The present disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments, and may be implemented with appropriate modifications such as omitting configurations, replacing with different configurations, or combining one embodiment and various modified examples within the scope of the purpose of the present disclosure.

[0021] <Structure> Figure 1 shows a structure 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The structure 10 is configured to include a floor member 20, a foundation 30, and a laminate 40.

[0022] (Foundation) The foundation 30 is, for example, a concrete foundation. The floor member 20 is a wooden structure and is fixed to the foundation 30. The method for fixing the floor member 20 to the foundation 30 is arbitrary. For example, the floor member 20 can be fixed to the foundation 30 using unillustrated anchor bolts.

[0023] As the foundation for fixing the floor member 20, for example, a steel frame member can also be used. The steel frame member foundation is placed on the ground, crushed stone, concrete placed on the ground surface, or the like. Alternatively, the steel frame member foundation is fixed to the concrete placed on the ground surface using anchor bolts or the like.

[0024] Thus, the composition of the foundation 30 is not particularly limited, but it should be at least more rigid than the flooring material 20.

[0025] (Flooring) As shown in Figure 1(B), the flooring material 20 is formed in a polygonal shape in plan view and is formed by combining a plurality of segmented members 22. The segmented members 22 are manufactured, for example, in a factory and assembled at the construction site of the structure 10 to form the flooring material 20.

[0026] A void 24 is formed in the center of the flooring material 20 where no flooring material 20 is placed. During the formation of the laminated body 40, the base 60 (see Figure 3) of the 3D printer 50, which will be described later, will be placed in this void 24. The base 60 is placed directly on the foundation 30.

[0027] The shape of the flooring material 20 is not particularly limited, but it should be at least larger than the laminated body 40 in a plan view. For example, the flooring material 20 may be circular or rectangular.

[0028] (Laminated structure) The laminate 40 is a structure formed by laminating resin in layers. The resin used to form the laminate 40 is thermoplastic and dissipates heat during the hardening process from a molten (softened) state. One example of a resin with such properties is cellulose acetate.

[0029] The laminated structure 40 is a wall-like structure formed in a circular shape when viewed from above. A roof (not shown) may or may not be erected on top of the laminated structure 40. Alternatively, the laminated structure 40 may be formed in a dome shape. The laminated structure 40 may or may not have entrances for entering and exiting the space inside the laminated structure 40 (hereinafter referred to as the internal space V1). An example of how to form entrances will be described later.

[0030] <Methods for constructing structures> In order to construct the structure 10, first, as shown in Figure 2(A), the floor material 20, which is formed by assembling the divided members 22, is fixed to the foundation 30.

[0031] Next, as shown in Figure 2(B), a temporary roof 70 is constructed to cover the flooring material 20. The temporary roof 70 is a temporary roof that protects the structure 10 under construction from rain and wind. The temporary roof 70 partitions the space in which the structure 10 is installed (hereinafter referred to as the installation space V2) from the surrounding space, thereby forming an indoor space.

[0032] The temporary roof 70 is used when the structure 10 is constructed in an outdoor space. The structure 10 may also be constructed in an indoor space, in which case the temporary roof 70 does not need to be constructed.

[0033] An air conditioner 72 is installed in the installation space V2. The air conditioner 72 is a device capable of adjusting the temperature and humidity of the installation space V2. If the structure 10 is constructed in an indoor space, an air conditioner already installed in that space can be used instead of the air conditioner 72. The temperature and humidity of the installation space V2 adjusted by the air conditioner 72 are not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the temperature not fall below 5°C and the humidity be 80% or less.

[0034] A base 60 is installed on the foundation 30. The base 60 is installed on the foundation 30 in the gap 24 of the floor material 20. The 3D printer 50 is also fixed to the base 60. Note that the base 60 may be omitted.

[0035] The 3D printer 50 comprises a main body 52 that can rotate 360° in a plan view, a retractable robotic arm 54 connected to the main body 52, and a nozzle 56 fixed to the tip of the robotic arm 54.

[0036] The 3D printer 50 is supplied with, for example, pelletized resin from a material tank (not shown). The 3D printer 50 has a built-in heater (not shown) which heats and melts the resin. The heating temperature is not particularly limited, but it is preferably around 230°C.

[0037] As shown in Figure 3, the 3D printer 50 injects molten resin onto the floor material 20 from the tip of the nozzle 56, and then injects more molten resin on top of the injected resin. This allows the laminate 40 to be formed. The path for injecting the molten resin is stored in advance in the 3D printer or the control device of the 3D printer.

[0038] The 3D printer 50 extrudes molten resin while rotating. The laminate 40 is formed in a circular shape surrounding the 3D printer in a plan view. After the construction of the laminate 40, the 3D printer 50, the base 60, and the temporary roof 70 are removed.

[0039] As mentioned above, molten resin dissipates heat during the curing process. The 3D printer 50 injects the upper layer of molten resin before the lower layer of resin has completely cured, in other words, before the lower layer of resin has completely cooled. Here, "lower layer" and "upper layer" refer to two adjacent layers.

[0040] The temperature of the lower resin layer at this time is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to set it to, for example, 120°C or higher. This causes the upper and lower resin layers to bond to each other, and the laminate 40 is constructed.

[0041] Furthermore, an air conditioner can be installed inside the tank where the pelletized resin is stored. In this case, it is preferable to keep the humidity inside the tank below 10%.

[0042] Figure 4(A) schematically shows a path P1, which is an example of a path through which molten resin is injected by the 3D printer 50. The solid line portion of path P1 represents the lower layer, and the dashed line portion represents the upper layer.

[0043] Note that in Figure 4(A), the solid and dashed lines are drawn with a slight offset for convenience, but when forming a vertical wall as shown in Figure 1, the lower layer and the upper layer of path P1 overlap. The same applies to each path shown in the other figures.

[0044] The 3D printer 50 rotates (clockwise) around point O and injects molten resin along path P1 to form the lower layer. After rotating 360°, it reverses direction of rotation. Then, while rotating (counterclockwise) along path P1, it injects molten resin to form the upper layer onto the lower layer of resin.

[0045] Figure 4(A) shows an example where each layer is formed by a single-line path P1. However, the shape of the path is not particularly limited.

[0046] For example, as shown in path P2 in Figure 4(B), the 3D printer 50 injects molten resin to form the lower layer along path P1 while rotating (clockwise) around point O. After rotating 360°, it reverses its direction of rotation.

[0047] Then, molten resin is injected to form another part of the lower layer while rotating (counterclockwise) along path P1. Next, after rotating 360°, the direction of rotation is reversed. After that, molten resin is injected to form the upper layer along path P1, similar to the lower layer.

[0048] Furthermore, the position where the 3D printer 50 reverses its rotational direction is not limited to after a 360° rotation. For example, as shown in path P3 in Figure 4(C), it may reverse before a 360° rotation. According to this embodiment, an opening V3 can be formed in the portion where path P3 is absent, which can be used as an entrance or exit to the internal space V1 of the structure 10 (see Figure 1(A)).

[0049] Furthermore, the 3D printer 50 may not extrude resin depending on the direction of rotation. For example, in the example shown in Figure 4(D), the 3D printer 50 rotates around point O (clockwise) and extrudes molten resin to form the lower layer along path P4. After rotating 360°, it reverses its rotation direction and rotates another 360° (counterclockwise) without extruding resin.

[0050] Then, rotating (clockwise) around point O, the molten resin forming the upper layer is injected along path P4 onto the lower layer of resin. Thus, the method of resin injection by the 3D printer 50 is arbitrary.

[0051] <Mechanism and Effects> In the structure 10 and method for constructing the structure 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, a laminate 40 is constructed by laminating molten resin and bonding the upper and lower layers together. The resin needs to dissipate heat during the curing process.

[0052] Therefore, in structure 10, as shown in Figure 1, a laminate 40 is constructed on top of the wooden flooring 20. This allows heat to be dissipated from the bottom layer of resin to the flooring 20 during the construction of the laminate 40. In addition, moisture accumulation between the resin and the flooring can be suppressed, thus suppressing moisture absorption by the resin. In contrast, with concrete flooring, for example, moisture accumulates between the resin and the concrete, making it difficult to suppress moisture absorption.

[0053] Furthermore, since the flooring material 20 is fixed to the foundation 30, which is more rigid than the flooring material 20, warping is suppressed. As a result, distortion of the laminated body 40 caused by warping of the flooring material 20 is less likely to occur.

[0054] Furthermore, in the construction method of the structure 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the laminated body 40 is constructed in an indoor installation space V2, and an air conditioner 72 is provided in this installation space V2. Therefore, the humidity and temperature of the environment in which the laminated body 40 is constructed can be adjusted. This suppresses, for example, excessive humidity rises and excessive temperature drops, and prevents cracking caused by moisture absorption during the curing of the laminated body 40.

[0055] Furthermore, in the method for constructing the structure 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the 3D printer 50 extrudes resin while rotating, and the laminate 40 is formed in a circular shape surrounding the 3D printer 50 in a plan view.

[0056] If the laminate 40 is circular, then, for example, the laminate can be constructed by rotating the main body 52 without having to move the robot arm 54 or nozzle 56 of the 3D printer 50 horizontally. This makes it easier to control the construction speed of the laminate 40 and to control the temperature of the resin surface from which the molten resin is injected.

[0057] In the above embodiment, the laminate 40 is formed in a circular shape surrounding the 3D printer 50 in a plan view, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this. For example, even if the laminate 40 is formed in a circular shape, it does not need to surround the 3D printer 50. In other words, the positional relationship between the 3D printer 50 and the laminate 40 is arbitrary.

[0058] Furthermore, the shape of the laminate 40 is arbitrary, regardless of the relative positions of the 3D printer 50 and the laminate 40. For example, the laminate of the present invention may be formed in the shape of a rectangular frame in plan view, or it may be formed in the shape of a straight wall in plan view.

[0059] Furthermore, although the above embodiment assumes that the air conditioner 72 is installed in the installation space V2, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this. Depending on the location and season in which the structure 10 is constructed, the air conditioner 72 may be omitted. Thus, the present invention can be implemented in various forms. [Explanation of symbols]

[0060] 10 Structures 20 Flooring 30 Basics 40-layer structure 50 3D printers 60 base 72 Air conditioner

Claims

1. Wooden flooring, The flooring material is fixed to a foundation that is more rigid than the flooring material, A resin laminate is constructed on top of the aforementioned flooring material, A structure equipped with.

2. A process of fixing wooden flooring to a foundation with higher rigidity than the flooring, A process of constructing a laminate by layering resin on top of the flooring material using a 3D printer, A method for constructing a structure equipped with [a specific feature / feature].

3. The aforementioned laminate is constructed in an indoor space, An air conditioner is installed in the aforementioned indoor space. A method for constructing the structure described in claim 2.

4. The 3D printer extrudes the resin while rotating, The laminate is formed in a circular shape surrounding the 3D printer in a plan view. A method for constructing the structure according to claim 2 or 3.

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