Terminal and control method

Abstract

Select the PLMN (Operator controlled Public Land Mobile Network) according to the priority order in the OPLMN list. [Solution] The terminal has a receiving unit that receives an OPLMN (Operator controlled Public Land Mobile Network) list, and a control unit that attempts to register with the first PLMN and RAT (Radio Access Technology) with the highest priority included in the OPLMN list. The receiving unit receives a registration rejection message from the first PLMN indicating that the first PLMN is inaccessible and that the second PLMN, which has the second highest priority in the OPLMN list, is inaccessible. The control unit then attempts to register with the second PLMN.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a terminal and a control method in a communication system.

Background Art

[0002] In 3GPP (registered trademark) (3rd Generation Partnership Project), studies are progressing on a radio communication scheme called 5G or NR (New Radio) (hereinafter, this radio communication scheme is referred to as "5G" or "NR") in order to achieve further increase in system capacity, further increase in data transmission speed, further reduction in delay in the radio section, and the like. In 5G, various radio technologies are being studied to satisfy the requirement that the delay in the radio section is 1 ms or less while realizing a throughput of 10 Gbps or higher.

[0003] In NR, a network architecture including 5GC (5G Core Network) corresponding to EPC (Evolved Packet Core) which is a core network in the network architecture of LTE (Long Term Evolution) and NG-RAN (Next Generation - Radio Access Network) corresponding to E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) which is RAN (Radio Access Network) in the network architecture of LTE is being studied (for example, Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2).

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0004]

Non-Patent Document 1

Non-Patent Document 2

[0005] When a user has their OPLMN (Operator controlled Public Land Mobile Network) list configured by their home provider, they select the PLMN to connect to during roaming in order of priority from that OPLMN list. However, if, for example, a user is rejected by a certain PLMN, they may no longer be able to select a PLMN in that order of priority.

[0006] This invention has been made in view of the above points, and aims to select a PLMN (Operator controlled Public Land Mobile Network) according to the priority of the OPLMN (Operator controlled Public Land Mobile Network) list. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] According to the disclosed technology, the system includes a receiving unit that receives an OPLMN (Operator controlled Public Land Mobile Network) list, and a control unit that attempts to register with the first PLMN and RAT (Radio Access Technology) with the highest priority included in the OPLMN list. The receiving unit receives a registration rejection message from the first PLMN indicating that the first PLMN is inaccessible and that the second PLMN, which has the second highest priority in the OPLMN list, is inaccessible. The control unit then provides a terminal that attempts to register with the second PLMN. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the disclosed technology, PLMNs can be selected according to the priority of the OPLMN (Operator controlled Public Land Mobile Network) list. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0009] [Figure 1] This is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system. [Figure 2] This is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system in a roaming environment (1). [Figure 3] This is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system in a roaming environment (2). [Figure 4] This is a sequence diagram to explain the operation during roaming. [Figure 5] This is a sequence diagram illustrating the operation during roaming in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] This figure shows an example of the functional configuration of the base station 10 in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] This figure shows an example of the functional configuration of terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] This figure shows an example of the hardware configuration of the base station 10 and terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] This figure shows an example of the configuration of a vehicle 2001 in an embodiment of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0010] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiments described below are examples, and the embodiments to which the present invention is applied are not limited to those described below.

[0011] In the operation of the wireless communication system according to the embodiments of the present invention, existing technologies may be used as appropriate. However, such existing technologies include, for example, existing LTE, but are not limited to existing LTE. Furthermore, the term "LTE" as used herein has a broad meaning that includes LTE-Advanced and LTE-Advanced and later methods (e.g., NR), or wireless LAN (Local Area Network), unless otherwise specified.

[0012] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, "configuring" wireless parameters may mean that predetermined values ​​are pre-configured, or that wireless parameters notified from the network node 30 or terminal 20 are configured.

[0013] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system consists of a terminal 20 (UE) and multiple network nodes 30. Hereafter, one network node 30 will be assigned to each function, however, one network node 30 may implement multiple functions, or multiple network nodes 30 may implement one function. Furthermore, the "connection" described below may be a logical connection or a physical connection.

[0014] RAN (Radio Access Network) is a network node 30 having a radio access function, which may include the base station 10, and is connected to UE, AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) and UPF (User Plane Function). The AMF is a network node 30 having functions such as RAN interface termination, NAS (Non-Access Stratum) termination, registration management, connection management, reachability management, and mobility management. The UPF is a network node 30 having functions such as a PDU (Protocol Data Unit) session point for the outside interconnected with a DN (Data Network), packet routing and forwarding, and user plane QoS (Quality of Service) handling. The UPF and the DN constitute a network slice. In the radio communication network according to the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of network slices may be constructed.

[0015] The AMF is connected to UE, RAN, SMF (Session Management Function), NSSF (Network Slice Selection Function), NEF (Network Exposure Function), NRF (Network Repository Function), UDM (Unified Data Management), AUSF (Authentication Server Function), PCF (Policy Control Function), and AF (Application Function). The AMF, SMF, NSSF, NEF, NRF, UDM, AUSF, PCF, and AF are network nodes 30 that are interconnected via service-based interfaces Namf, Nsmf, Nnssf, Nnef, Nnrf, Nudm, Nausf, Npcf, and Naf, respectively.

[0016] SMF is a network node 30 having functions such as session management, UE IP (Internet Protocol) address allocation and management, DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) function, ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) proxy, and roaming function. NEF is a network node 30 having a function of notifying other NFs (Network Functions) of capabilities and events. NSSF is a network node 30 having functions such as selection of a network slice to which a UE connects, determination of allowed NSSAI (Network Slice Selection Assistance Information), determination of configured NSSAI, and determination of an AMF set to which the UE connects. PCF is a network node 30 having a function of performing network policy control. AF is a network node 30 having a function of controlling an application server. NRF is a network node 30 having a function of discovering NF instances that provide services. UDM is a network node 30 that manages subscriber data and authentication data. The UDM is connected to a UDR (User Data Repository) that holds the relevant data.

[0017] Figure 2 is a diagram for describing Example (1) of the communication system under a roaming environment. As shown in Figure 2, the network is composed of a UE that is a terminal 20, and a plurality of network nodes 30. Hereinafter, it is assumed that one network node 30 corresponds to each function, but a single network node 30 may implement a plurality of functions, or a plurality of network nodes 30 may implement a single function. In addition, the "connection" described below may be a logical connection or a physical connection.

[0018] The RAN is a network node 30 with wireless access capabilities and is connected to the UE, AMF, and UPF. The AMF is a network node 30 with functions such as RAN interface termination, NAS termination, registration management, connection management, reachability management, and mobility management. The UPF is a network node 30 interconnected with the DN and has functions such as external PDU session point, packet routing and forwarding, and user plane QoS handling. The UPF and DN constitute a network slice. In the wireless communication network according to the embodiment of the present invention, multiple network slices are constructed.

[0019] AMF is connected to UE, RAN, SMF, NSSF, NEF, NRF, UDM, AUSF, PCF, AF, and SEPP (Security Edge Protection Proxy). AMF, SMF, NSSF, NEF, NRF, UDM, AUSF, PCF, and AF are network nodes 30 that are interconnected via interfaces based on their respective services: Namf, Nsmf, Nnssf, Nnef, Nnrf, Nudm, Nausf, Npcf, and Naf.

[0020] SMF is a network node 30 with functions such as session management, UE IP address assignment and management, DHCP functionality, ARP proxy, and roaming functionality. NEF is a network node 30 with the function of notifying other NFs of capabilities and events. NSSF is a network node 30 with functions such as selecting the network slice to which the UE connects, determining the allowed NSSAI, determining the NSSAI to be configured, and determining the AMF set to which the UE connects. PCF is a network node 30 with the function of controlling network policy. AF is a network node 30 with the function of controlling application servers. NRF is a network node 30 with the function of discovering NF instances that provide services. SEPP is an opaque proxy that filters control plane messages between PLMNs (Public Land Mobile Networks). vSEPP shown in Figure 2 is SEPP in the visited network, and hSEPP is SEPP in the home network.

[0021] As shown in Figure 2, the UE is in a roaming environment connected to the RAN and AMF in the VPLMN (Visited PLMN). The VPLMN and HPLMN (Home PLMN) are connected via vSEPP and hSEPP. The UE can communicate with the HPLMN's UDM, for example, via the VPLMN's AMF. The VPLMN may be called the resident network, and the HPLMN may be called the home network.

[0022] Figure 2 shows an example of a local breakout scenario where user data is connected to the local network's DN. Control signals are exchanged between the local network and the home network via SEPP.

[0023] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system in a roaming environment (2). Figure 3 is an example of a home-roamed scenario in which user data is connected to the home network's DN. Control signals are exchanged between the local network and the home network via SEPP, similar to the local breakout scenario.

[0024] Figure 4 is a sequence diagram illustrating the operation during roaming. In step S101, the UE receives the OPLMN (Operator controlled Public Land Mobile Network) list in country X from the home operator as follows. The OPLMN list includes priority, with 1. PLMN-1 / 5G having the highest priority. The OPLMN list may also include associated PLMN and RAT (Radio Access Technology).

[0025] 1. PLMN-1 / 5G 2. PLMN-1 / 4G 3. PLMN-2 / 5G 4. PLMN-2 / 4G 5. PLMN-3 / 4G

[0026] In step S102, the UE attempts to roam in country X and register for PLMN-1 / 5G.

[0027] In step S103, PLMN1 / 5G sends a registration reject message (cause value #15 or #27) to the UE, which includes the following additional ECRATU (Enhancement of controlling RAT utilization) list.

[0028] 1. PLMN-1 / 5G and 4G are inaccessible (access restricted). 2. ePLMN-2 / 5G and 4G are inaccessible (access restricted).

[0029] Furthermore, the cause value #15 in the registration rejection message may indicate "No suitable cells in tracking area," and the cause value #27 in the registration rejection message may indicate "N1 mode not allowed" (see Non-Patent Document 3).

[0030] The additional ECARATU list may also be called the list of PLMNs with associated RAT restrictions. ePLMN may also be equivalent PLMN. ePLMN-2 may be an equivalent PLMN from the perspective of PLMN-1.

[0031] In step S104, the UE is controlled by PLMN1 to register with PLMN-3 / 4G.

[0032] In controlling the network described above, PLMN1 may have set an equivalent value to ePLMN in order to simplify the process.

[0033] Here, HPLMN may have a different agreement regarding PLMN2 than PLMN1. Therefore, PLMN1 should not provide the above information regarding PLMN2 to roaming users. Roaming for the UE in question is controlled by VPLMN, not by HPLMN.

[0034] Figure 5 is a sequence diagram illustrating the operation during roaming in an embodiment of the present invention. In step S201, the UE is configured by the home operator to receive the OPLMN (Operator controlled Public Land Mobile Network) list in country X as follows. The OPLMN list includes priority, with 1. PLMN-1 / 5G having the highest priority.

[0035] 1. PLMN-1 / 5G 2. PLMN-1 / 4G 3. PLMN-2 / 5G 4. PLMN-2 / 4G 5. PLMN-3 / 4G

[0036] Furthermore, in step S201, the UE is configured to allow ePLMN information in the target country. HPLMN can configure the UE to allow ePLMN information. This configuration may be performed by a notification bit included in the SOR (Steering of Roaming) container, or it may be permanently configured by the USIM (Universal Subscriber Identity Module).

[0037] Furthermore, the UE may set whether or not to allow ePLMN information for each target country, or it may set whether or not to allow ePLMN information for all countries in common. Also, ePLMN information may be replaceable with ePLMN restriction information.

[0038] In step S202, the UE attempts to roam in country X and register for PLMN-1 / 5G.

[0039] In step S203, PLMN1 / 5G sends a registration reject message (cause value #15 or #27) to the UE, which includes the following additional ECRATU (Enhancement of controlling RAT utilization) list.

[0040] 1. PLMN-1 / 5G and 4G are inaccessible (access restricted). 2. ePLMN-2 / 5G and 4G are inaccessible (access restricted).

[0041] Furthermore, the cause value #15 in the registration rejection message may indicate "No suitable cells in tracking area," and the cause value #27 in the registration rejection message may indicate "N1 mode not allowed" (see Non-Patent Document 3).

[0042] The additional ECARATU list may also be called a list of PLMNs with associated RAT restrictions. Note that ePLMN may also be equivalent PLMN.

[0043] In step S204, if ePLMN information is not allowed in country X, the UE deletes and does not retain the ePLMN information. That is, information related to ePLMN2 is deleted and not retained. For example, if the UE is configured to ignore ePLMN restriction information in country X, the UE deletes and does not retain the ePLMN information in country X.

[0044] In step S205, the UE attempts to register with PLMN-2 / 5G, which has the next highest priority.

[0045] As described above, a new indicator instructing the UE to ignore ePLMN information received via the PLMN list associated with the RAT limit may be sent from HPLMN to the UE by SOR, or it may be pre-configured locally.

[0046] If the new indicator is set to true, the UE will not retain the ePLMN information within the UE or USIM, and will discard the ePLMN information.

[0047] As demonstrated in the above embodiment, the UE can select the PLMN to connect to during roaming based on the priority set by the home operator.

[0048] In other words, a PLMN can be selected according to the priority of the OPLMN (Operator controlled Public Land Mobile Network) list.

[0049] (Device configuration) Next, we will describe an example of the functional configuration of the base station 10, network node 30, and terminal 20 that perform the processes and operations described above. The base station 10, network node 30, and terminal 20 include the functions to perform the embodiments described above. However, the base station 10, network node 30, and terminal 20 may each have only some of the functions in the embodiments.

[0050] <Base station 10 and network node 30> Figure 6 shows an example of the functional configuration of the base station 10. As shown in Figure 6, the base station 10 has a transmitting unit 110, a receiving unit 120, a setting unit 130, and a control unit 140. The functional configuration shown in Figure 6 is merely an example. The functional classifications and names of the functional units can be anything as long as they can perform the operations according to the embodiment of the present invention. The network node 30 may have the same functional configuration as the base station 10. Furthermore, a network node 30 having multiple different functions on the system architecture may be composed of multiple network nodes 30 separated by function.

[0051] The transmitting unit 110 includes the function of generating a signal to be transmitted to the terminal 20 or other network node 30 and transmitting the signal by wire or wireless. The receiving unit 120 includes the function of receiving various signals transmitted from the terminal 20 or other network node 30 and obtaining information from the received signal, for example, information from a higher layer.

[0052] The setting unit 130 stores pre-configured setting information and various setting information to be transmitted to the terminal 20 in a storage device, and reads it from the storage device as needed. The contents of the setting information include, for example, settings related to the operation described in the embodiment.

[0053] The control unit 140 performs processing related to the operations described in the embodiment, as described in the embodiment. The control unit 140 also performs processing related to communication with the terminal 20. The signal transmission function in the control unit 140 may be included in the transmission unit 110, and the signal reception function in the control unit 140 may be included in the reception unit 120.

[0054] <Terminal 20> Figure 7 shows an example of the functional configuration of terminal 20. As shown in Figure 7, terminal 20 has a transmitting unit 210, a receiving unit 220, a setting unit 230, and a control unit 240. The functional configuration shown in Figure 7 is merely an example. Any functional classification and functional unit names are acceptable as long as they enable the operation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] The transmitting unit 210 creates a transmission signal from the transmission data and transmits the transmission signal wirelessly. The receiving unit 220 wirelessly receives various signals and obtains signals from higher layers from the received physical layer signals. The receiving unit 220 also has the function of receiving NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL control signals or reference signals transmitted from the network node 30.

[0056] The setting unit 230 stores various setting information received from the network node 30 by the receiving unit 220 in a storage device and reads it from the storage device as needed. The setting unit 230 also stores pre-configured setting information. The content of the setting information includes, for example, settings related to the operation described in the embodiment.

[0057] The control unit 240 performs the processing related to the operation described in the embodiment, as described in the embodiment. The control unit 240 also performs processing related to the capacity enhancement cell. The signal transmission function in the control unit 240 may be included in the transmission unit 210, and the signal reception function in the control unit 240 may be included in the reception unit 220.

[0058] (Hardware configuration) The block diagrams (Figures 6 and 7) used in the description of the above embodiments show functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or it may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wired or wireless connections). A functional block may be realized by combining the one or more devices with software.

[0059] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, judgment, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, exploration, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, assumption, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), and assigning. For example, a functional block (configuration part) that enables transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. As mentioned above, the method of implementation is not particularly limited.

[0060] For example, the network node 30, terminal 20, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that processes the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 8 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station 10 and terminal 20 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The network node 30 may have a hardware configuration similar to that of the base station 10. The base station 10 and terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a storage device 1002, an auxiliary storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0061] In the following explanation, the term "device" can be read as "circuit," "device," "unit," etc. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or it may be configured without some of the devices.

[0062] Each function in the base station 10 and terminal 20 is realized by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and storage device 1002, which allows the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication by the communication device 1004, and control at least one of the reading and writing of data in the storage device 1002 and auxiliary storage device 1003.

[0063] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer, for example, by running an operating system. The processor 1001 may consist of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, the control unit 140, control unit 240, etc., described above may be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0064] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, or data from at least one of the auxiliary storage device 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the storage device 1002, and executes various processes accordingly. The program used is one that causes a computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiment. For example, the control unit 140 of the base station 10 shown in Figure 6 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and operated by the processor 1001. Also, for example, the control unit 240 of the terminal 20 shown in Figure 7 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and operated by the processor 1001. Although the above processes have been described as being executed by one processor 1001, they may be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The program may be transmitted from the network via a telecommunications line.

[0065] The storage device 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: ROM (Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM), RAM (Random Access Memory), etc. The storage device 1002 may also be called a register, cache, main memory, etc. The storage device 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for implementing a communication method according to one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0066] The auxiliary storage device 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: an optical disc such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc, a digital multipurpose disc, a Blu-ray® disc), a smart card, flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy® disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The above-mentioned storage medium may also be a database, server, or other suitable medium that includes at least one of the storage device 1002 and the auxiliary storage device 1003.

[0067] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transceiver / receiver device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may include high-frequency switches, duplexers, filters, frequency synthesizers, etc., to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the transmit / receive antenna, amplifier section, transmit / receive section, transmission path interface, etc., may be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmit / receive section may be implemented with physically or logically separated transmitting and receiving sections.

[0068] The input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from an external source (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to an external source (e.g., a display, speaker, LED lamp, etc.). The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be configured as an integrated unit (e.g., a touch panel).

[0069] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the storage device 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or different buses may be configured for each device.

[0070] Furthermore, the base station 10 and terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), and an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and some or all of each functional block may be realized by such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0071] Figure 9 shows an example of the configuration of vehicle 2001. As shown in Figure 9, vehicle 2001 comprises a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021-2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be applied to a communication device mounted on vehicle 2001, for example, to the communication module 2013.

[0072] The drive unit 2002 consists of, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel, which is operated by the user.

[0073] The electronic control unit 2010 consists of a microprocessor 2031, memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and communication ports (IO ports) 2033. Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 installed in the vehicle 2001 are input to the electronic control unit 2010. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0074] Signals from various sensors 2021-2029 include current signals from current sensor 2021 which senses motor current, front and rear wheel rotation speed signals obtained by rotation speed sensor 2022, front and rear wheel air pressure signals obtained by air pressure sensor 2023, vehicle speed signals obtained by vehicle speed sensor 2024, acceleration signals obtained by acceleration sensor 2025, accelerator pedal depression signals obtained by accelerator pedal sensor 2029, brake pedal depression signals obtained by brake pedal sensor 2026, shift lever operation signals obtained by shift lever sensor 2027, and detection signals obtained by object detection sensor 2028 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0075] The Information Services Unit 2012 consists of various devices for providing various types of information, such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, including a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, television, and radio, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The Information Services Unit 2012 uses information acquired from external devices via a communication module 2013, etc., to provide various multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001.

[0076] The driver assistance system unit 2030 consists of various devices that provide functions to prevent accidents or reduce the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps, etc.), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driver assistance system unit 2030 also sends and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize driver assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0077] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via its communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 sends and receives data via its communication port 2033 to the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, the microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021-29 provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0078] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it can send and receive various types of information to and from external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station or a mobile station.

[0079] The communication module 2013 transmits current signals from current sensors input to the electronic control unit 2010 to an external device via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 also transmits, via wireless communication, other signals input to the electronic control unit 2010, including front and rear wheel rotation speed signals obtained by the rotation speed sensor 2022, front and rear wheel air pressure signals obtained by the air pressure sensor 2023, vehicle speed signals obtained by the vehicle speed sensor 2024, acceleration signals obtained by the acceleration sensor 2025, accelerator pedal depression signals obtained by the accelerator pedal sensor 2029, brake pedal depression signals obtained by the brake pedal sensor 2026, shift lever operation signals obtained by the shift lever sensor 2027, and detection signals obtained by the object detection sensor 2028 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0080] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, distance information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 2012 installed in the vehicle 2001. The communication module 2013 also stores the various information received from the external device in memory 2032, which is available to the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021-2029, etc., installed in the vehicle 2001.

[0081] (Summary of the embodiments) (Section 1) A receiving unit that receives the OPLMN (Operator controlled Public Land Mobile Network) list, It has a control unit that attempts to register the first PLMN and RAT (Radio Access Technology) with the highest priority included in the OPLMN list, The receiving unit receives a registration rejection message from the first PLMN indicating that the first PLMN is inaccessible and that the second PLMN, which has the second highest priority in the OPLMN list, is inaccessible. The control unit is a terminal that attempts to register with the second PLMN. (Section 2) The receiving unit receives a registration rejection message from the first PLMN indicating that the first PLMN is inaccessible and that the second PLMN, which is the second highest priority equivalent in the OPLMN list, is also inaccessible. The control unit is the terminal described in paragraph 1 that attempts to register with the second PLMN. (Section 3) The receiving unit receives a registration rejection message from the first PLMN indicating that the first PLMN is inaccessible and that the second PLMN, which is the second highest priority equivalent in the OPLMN list, is also inaccessible. The terminal according to paragraph 1, wherein the control unit determines whether or not to retain information indicating that the equivalent second PLMN is inaccessible, based on a setting indicating whether or not to allow information indicating that the equivalent second PLMN is inaccessible. (Section 4) The receiving unit is a terminal as described in paragraph 3, which obtains a setting via SOR (Steering of Roaming) indicating whether or not to allow information indicating that the equivalent second PLMN is inaccessible. (Section 5) The receiving unit is the terminal described in paragraph 3, which obtains a setting via the USIM (Universal Subscriber Identity Module) indicating whether or not to allow information indicating that the equivalent second PLMN is inaccessible. (Section 6) The procedure for receiving the OPLMN (Operator controlled Public Land Mobile Network) list, The procedure for attempting to register with the first PLMN and RAT (Radio Access Technology) with the highest priority included in the aforementioned OPLMN list, A procedure for receiving a registration rejection message from the first PLMN indicating that the first PLMN is inaccessible and that the second PLMN, which has the second highest priority in the OPLMN list, is inaccessible; A control method by which a terminal performs the procedure for attempting to register with the second PLMN.

[0082] In any of the above configurations, a technology is provided to select a PLMN according to the priority of the OPLMN (Operator controlled Public Land Mobile Network) list. According to paragraphs 2 to 5, the UE can select the PLMN to connect to during roaming based on the priority set by the home operator.

[0083] (Supplement to the embodiment) While embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the disclosed invention is not limited to such embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand various modifications, alterations, alternatives, substitutions, etc. Specific numerical examples have been used to facilitate understanding of the invention, but unless otherwise specified, these numerical values ​​are merely examples, and any appropriate values ​​may be used. The division of items in the above description is not essential to the present invention, and matters described in two or more items may be combined as needed, and matters described in one item may be applied to matters described in another item (as long as they do not contradict each other). The boundaries of functional units or processing units in the functional block diagram do not necessarily correspond to the boundaries of physical parts. The operation of multiple functional units may be physically performed by one part, or the operation of one functional unit may be physically performed by multiple parts. Regarding the processing procedures described in the embodiments, the order of processing may be changed as long as it does not contradict each other. For the convenience of explaining the processing, the network node 30 and terminal 20 have been described using a functional block diagram, but such devices may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The software operated by the processor of the network node 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention and the software operated by the processor of the terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention may each be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), EPROM, EEPROM, registers, hard disk (HDD), removable disk, CD-ROM, database, server, or any other suitable storage medium.

[0084] Furthermore, the notification of information is not limited to the embodiments / models described herein and may be carried out by other methods. For example, the notification of information may be carried out by physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI (Downlink Control Information), UCI (Uplink Control Information)), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling, MAC (Medium Access Control) signaling, broadcast information (MIB (Master Information Block), SIB (System Information Block))), other signals, or combinations thereof. Also, RRC signaling may be called RRC messages, and may be, for example, RRC Connection Setup messages, RRC Connection Reconfiguration messages, etc.

[0085] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be applied to at least one of the following systems: LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, UWB (Ultra-WideBand), Bluetooth (registered trademark), and other appropriate systems, as well as next-generation systems extended based thereon. Furthermore, multiple systems may be applied in combination (for example, a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G).

[0086] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure includes LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (xG (where x is, for example, an integer or decimal)), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), and IEEE This may apply to at least one system utilizing 802.20, UWB (Ultra-WideBand), Bluetooth®, or other appropriate systems, and to next-generation systems extended, modified, created, or defined based thereon. It may also apply to a combination of multiple systems (for example, a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G).

[0087] The processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of each aspect / embodiment described herein may be reordered, provided they are consistent with each other. For example, the methods described herein present various step elements in an exemplary order and are not limited to that specific order.

[0088] In this specification, specific operations performed by network node 30 may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having network node 30, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with terminal 20 can be performed by network node 30 and at least one other network node (for example, MME or S-GW, but not limited to these). Although the above example illustrates the case where there is one other network node besides network node 30, the other network node may be a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, MME and S-GW).

[0089] The information or signals described in this disclosure may be output from a higher layer (or lower layer) to a lower layer (or higher layer). They may also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0090] Input and output information may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or appended to. Output information may be deleted. Input information may be transmitted to other devices.

[0091] The determination in this disclosure may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a boolean value (true or false), or by a numerical comparison (for example, a comparison with a predetermined value).

[0092] Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, and so on, whether they are called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or by any other name.

[0093] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, etc., may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or digital subscriber line (DSL)) and wireless technology (such as infrared or microwave), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of a transmission medium.

[0094] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of the various different techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0095] In addition, terms used in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of the channel and symbol may be a signal (signaling). Also, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, cell, frequency carrier, etc.

[0096] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are interchangeable.

[0097] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a given value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by an index.

[0098] The names used for the parameters described above are not restrictive in any way. Furthermore, the formulas and other expressions using these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive in any way.

[0099] In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)", "wireless base station", "base station equipment", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNodeB (eNB)", "gNodeB (gNB)", "access point", "transmission point", "reception point", "transmission / reception point", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0100] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. If a base station accommodates multiple cells, the entire coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into several smaller areas, each of which may also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a Remote Radio Head (RRH)). The terms “cell” or “sector” refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and / or base station subsystems that provide communication services in that coverage.

[0101] In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" may be used interchangeably.

[0102] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or several other appropriate terms.

[0103] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile body, the mobile body itself, etc. The mobile body may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile body (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operation. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0104] Furthermore, the term "base station" in this disclosure may be interpreted as "user terminal." For example, the various aspects / embodiments of this disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals 20 (which may be called, for example, D2D (Device-to-Device), V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything)). In this case, the terminals 20 may have the functions that the network node 30 has. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as terms corresponding to inter-terminal communication (for example, "side"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., may be interpreted as side channel.

[0105] Similarly, the term "user terminal" in this disclosure may be replaced with "base station." In this case, the base station may be configured to have the same functions as the user terminal described above.

[0106] As used in this disclosure, the terms “determining” and “determining” may encompass a wide variety of actions. “Determining” may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiry (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertaining. “Determining” may also include, for example, receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, and accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory). Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include considering something as having been "judged" or "decided" after resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include considering something as having been "judged" or "decided" after some action. Also, "judgment (decision)" can be reinterpreted as "assuming," "expecting," or "considering."

[0107] The terms “connected,” “coupled,” or any variation thereof, mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be reinterpreted as “access.” As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be “connected” or “coupled” with each other using at least one of one or more wires, cables, and printed electrical connections, and, in some non-limiting and non-exclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave domain, and optical (both visible and invisible) domain.

[0108] The reference signal can also be abbreviated as RS (Reference Signal), and may be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0109] In this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based solely on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based solely on" and "based at least on."

[0110] Any reference to elements using the designations “first,” “second,” etc., as used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Accordingly, references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed, or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

[0111] In the configuration of each of the above devices, "means" may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0112] Where the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, as is the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this disclosure is not intended to mean exclusive OR.

[0113] In this disclosure, if articles are added through translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include the fact that the noun following these articles is plural.

[0114] In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combine" may be interpreted similarly to "different."

[0115] Each aspect / embodiment described herein may be used individually, in combination, or switched between as needed during implementation. Furthermore, notification of specific information (e.g., notification that "X is") is not limited to explicit notification, but may also be implicit (e.g., by not providing such notification).

[0116] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the intent and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the descriptions in the present disclosure are illustrative and not intended to be restrictive in any way. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0117] 10 base station 110 Transmitter 120 Receiver 130 Setting section 140 Control Unit 20 devices 210 Transmitter 220 Receiver 230 Setting section 240 Control Unit 30 network nodes 1001 Processor 1002 Storage device 1003 Auxiliary storage device 1004 Communication device 1005 Input device 1006 Output device 2001 Vehicle 2002 Drive Unit 2003 Steering Department 2004 Accelerator pedal 2005 Brake pedal 2006 Shift Lever 2007 Front Wheel 2008 Rear wheel 2009 Axle 2010 Electronic Control Unit 2012 Information Services Department 2013 Communication Module 2021 Current Sensor 2022 Rotation speed sensor 2023 Pneumatic Sensor 2024 Vehicle Speed ​​Sensor 2025 Accelerometer 2026 Brake Pedal Sensor 2027 Shift lever sensor 2028 Object Detection Sensor 2029 Accelerator pedal sensor 2030 Driver Support Systems Department 2031 Microprocessor 2032 memory (ROM, RAM) 2033 Communication port (I / O port)

Claims

1. A receiving unit that receives the OPLMN (Operator controlled Public Land Mobile Network) list, The system includes a control unit that attempts to register the first PLMN and RAT (Radio Access Technology) with the highest priority included in the OPLMN list, The receiving unit receives a registration rejection message from the first PLMN indicating that the first PLMN is inaccessible and that the second PLMN, which has the second highest priority in the OPLMN list, is inaccessible. The control unit is a terminal that attempts to register with the second PLMN.

2. The receiving unit receives a registration rejection message from the first PLMN indicating that the first PLMN is inaccessible and that the second PLMN, which is equivalent and has the second highest priority in the OPLMN list, is inaccessible. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit attempts to register with the second PLMN.

3. The receiving unit receives a registration rejection message from the first PLMN indicating that the first PLMN is inaccessible and that the second PLMN, which is equivalent and has the second highest priority in the OPLMN list, is inaccessible. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines whether or not to retain information indicating that the equivalent second PLMN is inaccessible, based on a setting indicating whether or not to allow information indicating that the equivalent second PLMN is inaccessible.

4. The terminal according to claim 3, wherein the receiving unit obtains a setting via SOR (Steering of Roaming) indicating whether or not to allow information indicating that the equivalent second PLMN is inaccessible.

5. The terminal according to claim 3, wherein the receiving unit obtains a setting via a USIM (Universal Subscriber Identity Module) indicating whether or not to allow information indicating that the equivalent second PLMN is inaccessible.

6. The procedure for receiving the OPLMN (Operator controlled Public Land Mobile Network) list, The procedure for attempting to register with the first PLMN and RAT (Radio Access Technology) with the highest priority included in the aforementioned OPLMN list, A procedure for receiving a registration rejection message from the first PLMN indicating that the first PLMN is inaccessible and that the second PLMN, which has the second highest priority in the OPLMN list, is inaccessible; A control method in which a terminal performs the procedure for attempting to register with the second PLMN.

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