Integrated antenna structure with arbitrary linear polarization radiation function

Abstract

This invention provides an integrated antenna structure that supports the transmission and reception of signals and has an arbitrary deflection linear polarization radiation function that provides linearly polarized signals at any angle. [Solution] The integrated antenna structure 100 comprises a radiator 10, a first filter 20, a second filter 60, and a 90-degree hybrid coupler 30. The radiator, the first filter, and the 90-degree hybrid coupler are sequentially stacked and installed. The radiator includes a first radiating patch unit 11 and a second radiating patch unit 12. The first filter is coupled to the first radiating patch unit. The second filter is coupled to the second radiating patch unit. The 90-degree hybrid coupler is electrically connected to the first filter. The 90-degree hybrid coupler includes input terminals P1, P2 and output terminals P3, P4. In response to the supply of a first signal and a second signal to input terminals P1, P2, respectively, the radiator radiates linearly polarized signals based on the first signal and the second signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an antenna structure, and in particular, to an integrated antenna structure having an arbitrary deflection linear polarization radiation function.

Background Art

[0002] In conventional wireless communication systems, it is necessary to employ two different antenna arrays to transmit and receive signals. Such a signal transceiving scheme causes problems such as large volume of the antenna array, high loss, high hardware cost, and complicated structure.

Summary of Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0003] The present invention solves the above problems by providing an integrated antenna structure that supports signal transmission and reception and has an arbitrary deflection linear polarization radiation function that provides linearly polarized signals at any angle.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated antenna structure having an arbitrary deflection linear polarization radiation function. The integrated antenna structure includes a radiator, a first filter, a second filter, and a 90-degree hybrid coupler. The radiator, the first filter, and the 90-degree hybrid coupler are sequentially stacked and disposed. The radiator includes a first radiating patch unit and a second radiating patch unit. The first filter is coupled and connected to the first radiating patch unit. The second filter is coupled and connected to the second radiating patch unit. The 90-degree hybrid coupler is electrically connected to the first filter. The 90-degree hybrid coupler includes a first input end, a second input end, a first output end, and a second output end. In response to a first signal and a second signal being supplied to the first input end and the second input end respectively, the radiator radiates a linearly polarized signal based on the first signal and the second signal.

[0005] In one embodiment of the present invention, the amplitudes of the first signal and the second signal are the same.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, the angle of the linearly polarized signal is related to the phase difference between the first signal and the second signal.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, in response to a first signal being supplied to a first input terminal, the first radiating patch unit radiates a left circularly polarized signal based on the first signal. In response to a second signal being supplied to a second input terminal, the first radiating patch unit radiates a right circularly polarized signal based on the second signal.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the linear polarization signal is composed of a combination of a right circular polarization signal and a left circular polarization signal.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, in response to a first signal being supplied to a first input terminal, the 90-degree hybrid coupler equally distributes the first signal to a first separation signal and a second separation signal, with a phase difference of 90 degrees between the first separation signal and the second separation signal. The 90-degree hybrid coupler outputs the first separation signal to a first filter through a first output terminal and outputs the second separation signal to the first filter through a second output terminal.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, a first filter filters a first separated signal and a second separated signal. A first radiating patch unit radiates a left circularly polarized signal based on the filtered first separated signal and the filtered second separated signal.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, in response to the supply of a second signal to the second input terminal, the 90-degree hybrid coupler equally distributes the second signal to a third separation signal and a fourth separation signal, with a phase difference of -90 degrees between the third separation signal and the fourth separation signal. The 90-degree hybrid coupler outputs the third separation signal to the first filter through the first output terminal and outputs the fourth separation signal to the first filter through the second output terminal.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, a first filter filters a third separated signal and a fourth separated signal. A first radiating patch unit radiates a right-circularly polarized signal based on the filtered third separated signal and the filtered fourth separated signal.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second radiating patch unit is installed on the outer periphery of the first radiating patch unit and is not directly connected to the first radiating patch unit. The first radiating patch unit has a plurality of irregular slots. The plurality of irregular slots are symmetrical with respect to each other.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first filter further comprises a first cross-shaped patch unit and a first rectangular patch unit. The first cross-shaped patch unit includes a central slot, a plurality of U-shaped slots, a first supply end, and a second supply end. The first rectangular patch unit includes a slot. The first rectangular patch unit is installed between the radiator and the first cross-shaped patch unit. The first rectangular patch unit is coupled to the first radiating patch unit.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first output terminal is connected to the first supply terminal through a first metal conductor. The second output terminal is connected to the second supply terminal through a second metal conductor.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second filter further comprises a second rectangular patch unit and a second miniature patch unit. The second rectangular patch unit is connected to the receiving end. The second miniature patch unit is coupled to the second radiating patch unit.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second filter further comprises a second large patch unit. The second large patch unit is installed between the second rectangular patch unit and the second small patch unit. The dimensions of the second large patch unit are greater than or equal to the dimensions of the second rectangular patch unit.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first filter is a band-pass filter or a high-pass filter.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second filter is a band-stop filter or a low-pass filter.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the passband of the first filter is in the first frequency band, and the passband of the second filter is in the second frequency band, and the first frequency band and the second frequency band do not overlap. [Effects of the Invention]

[0021] As described above, the integrated antenna structure having arbitrary linear polarization radiation function provided by the embodiments of the present invention generates a left circular polarization signal based on a signal supplied to the first input terminal of a 90-degree hybrid coupler (i.e., the first signal), generates a right circular polarization signal based on a signal supplied to the second input terminal of the 90-degree hybrid coupler (i.e., the second signal), and radiates a linear polarization signal composed of a combination of the right circular polarization signal and the left circular polarization signal, wherein the angle of the linear polarization signal is related to the phase difference between the first signal and the second signal. Therefore, the integrated antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present invention can radiate a linear polarization signal of any angle based on this phase difference. Furthermore, in the integrated antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present invention, a high degree of integration is achieved and hardware costs are reduced by sharing some components (i.e., radiators) between the antenna structure for transmitting signals and the antenna structure for receiving signals. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0022] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of an integrated antenna structure having an arbitrary deflection linear polarization radiation function according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2]These are a side view and a bottom view of an integrated antenna structure having an arbitrary deflection linear polarization radiation function according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of a second filter according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] This is a conceptual block diagram of an integrated antenna structure having an arbitrary deflection linear polarization radiation function according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] This is a cross-sectional view of an integrated antenna structure having an arbitrary deflection linear polarization radiation function according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] This is a simulation diagram of S-parameters of a second filter according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] This is a simulation diagram of S-parameters of a stub according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] This is a simulation diagram of S-parameters of a stub according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] This is a simulation diagram of S-parameters of a second filter connected with a stub according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] This is a simulation diagram of S-parameters of an integrated antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] This is a simulation diagram of gain of an integrated antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Mode for Carrying Out the Invention]

[0023] Several embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Regarding the reference numerals of components cited in the following description, components denoted by the same reference numeral in different drawings are regarded as the same or similar components.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated antenna structure having an arbitrary deflection linear polarization radiation function according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 1, the integrated antenna structure 100 includes a radiator 10, a filter 20 (also called a first filter), filters 40 and 50 (also called second filters), and a 90-degree hybrid coupler 30. In one embodiment, filter 20 may be, for example, a band-pass filter or a high-pass filter, and filters 40 and 50 may be, for example, a band-stop filter or a low-pass filter.

[0025] The radiator 10 includes a radiating patch unit 11 (also called the first radiating patch unit) and a radiating patch unit 12 (also called the second radiating patch unit). Filter 20 is coupled to the radiating patch unit 11. Filters 40 and 50 are coupled to the radiating patch unit 12. As shown in Figure 1, the radiating patch unit 12 is installed on the outer periphery of the radiating patch unit 11, and the radiating patch unit 11 has a plurality of irregular slots 111, these irregular slots 111 are symmetrical to each other. Note that the radiating patch unit 12 and the radiating patch unit 11 are not directly connected, and in the structure of Figure 1, there is a gap between them. Furthermore, the symmetrical irregular slots 111 are not limited to the shape shown in Figure 1, and designers can freely design them according to actual requirements (e.g., required coupling ratio), and the present invention does not limit this. In one embodiment, the radiating patch units 11 and 12 may be, for example, metal patches printed on a double-sided high-frequency printed circuit board.

[0026] The filter 20 includes a cross-shaped patch unit 21 (also referred to as the first cross-shaped patch unit) and rectangular patch units 221 and 222 (also referred to as the first rectangular patch units). As shown in Figure 1, the cross-shaped patch unit 21 includes a central slot 211 and U-shaped slots 212 to 217. The rectangular patch units 221 and 222 each include slots 2211 to 2218 and slots 2221 to 2228, respectively. The number of rectangular patch units 221 and 222 can be freely designed according to actual requirements, and the present invention does not limit this. In one embodiment, the cross-shaped patch unit 21 and the rectangular patch units 221 and 222 may be, for example, metal patches located in the inner layers of a multilayer double-sided high-frequency printed circuit board.

[0027] Notably, as shown in Figure 1, the shape of the rectangular patch unit 221 is identical to the shape and dimensions of the radiating patch unit 11, the shape of the rectangular patch unit 221 is identical to the shape of the rectangular patch unit 222, the dimensions of the rectangular patch unit 221 are slightly larger than those of the rectangular patch unit 222, and the rectangular patch units 221 and 222 are rotated 45 degrees relative to the radiating patch unit 11. Specifically, the shapes and dimensions of the radiating patch unit 11, the rectangular patch unit 221, and the rectangular patch unit 222 may differ from each other, and the coupling ratio can be controlled by adjusting the distance and / or relative angle between the radiating patch unit 11, the rectangular patch unit 221, and the rectangular patch unit 222. Furthermore, although there are two rectangular patch units 221 and 222 in Figure 1, the number of rectangular patch units may be one or more, and the present invention is not limited thereto. To elaborate further, the filtering effect of the first filter 20 improves as the number of square patch units increases, but the attenuation also increases accordingly. Furthermore, the greater the angular difference between multiple square patch units, the lower the coupling effect between the multiple square patch units becomes, and the greater the attenuation.

[0028] In other words, the integrated antenna structure 100 shown in Figure 1 is merely one aspect of the present invention, and designers are free to design the integrated antenna structure 100 according to their actual requirements, without limitation. For example, the relative angle between the radiating patch unit 11 and the rectangular patch units 221 and 222 may be 0 degrees. For example, the rectangular patch units 221 and 222 may not have any slots at all.

[0029] The cross-shaped patch unit 21 has a supply end P5 (also called the first supply end) and a supply end P6 (also called the second supply end). Specifically, the cross-shaped patch unit 21 may be, for example, the supply portion of a filter 20. The cross-shaped patch unit 21 can receive signals from the 90-degree hybrid coupler 30 through, for example, the supply ends P5 and P6. The central slot 211 and U-shaped slots 212 to 217 on the cross-shaped patch unit 21 are used to evenly distribute the signals supplied from the supply ends P5 and P6 to the cross-shaped patch unit 21. The shape of the cross-shaped patch unit 21 and the type and number of slots it includes can be freely designed by the designer according to actual requirements, and the present invention does not limit this. For example, the cross-shaped patch unit 21 may include only the central slot 211 and not include the U-shaped slots 212 to 217.

[0030] The rectangular patch units 221 and 222 are installed between the radiator 10 and the cross-shaped patch unit 21. Specifically, the rectangular patch units 221 and 222 may be, for example, the filtering portion of the filter 20. The rectangular patch units 221 and 222 can filter signals supplied from, for example, the supply terminals P5 and P6, and by coupling the rectangular patch units 221 and 222 to, for example, the radiating patch unit 11, the radiating patch unit 11 can radiate a linearly polarized signal or a circularly polarized signal based on the filtered signal.

[0031] The 90-degree hybrid coupler 30 includes an input terminal P1 (also called the first input terminal), an input terminal P2 (also called the second input terminal), an output terminal P3 (also called the first output terminal), and an output terminal P4 (also called the second output terminal). The 90-degree hybrid coupler 30 is electrically connected to the filter 20. Specifically, the output terminal P3 is connected to the supply terminal P5 through a metal conductor C1 (also called the first metal conductor), and the output terminal P4 is connected to the supply terminal P6 through a metal conductor C2 (also called the second metal conductor). The metal conductors C1 and C2 may be, for example, copper poles.

[0032] The radiator 10, filter 20, and 90-degree hybrid coupler 30 are installed in a sequential stack. As shown in Figure 1, the center points of the radiating patch unit 11, cross-shaped patch unit 21, square patch unit 221, square patch unit 222, and 90-degree hybrid coupler 30 are aligned.

[0033] Filters 40 and 50 each include rectangular patch units 41 and 51 (also called second rectangular patch units) and miniature patch units 42 and 52 (also called second miniature patch units). Rectangular patch units 41 and 51 each have receiving terminals P7 and P8. Specifically, miniature patch units 42 and 52 may each be, for example, the filtering portions of filters 40 and 50, and rectangular patch units 41 and 51 may each be, for example, the supply portions of filters 40 and 50. Miniature patch units 42 and 52 may each be coupled to, for example, a radiating patch unit 12. Signals may be supplied from, for example, the radiating patch unit 12 to the miniature patch units 42 and 52. Miniature patch units 42 and 52 and rectangular patch units 41 and 51 can perform impedance matching and filtering on this signal. Rectangular patch units 41 and 51 can transmit the filtered signal to receiving terminals P7 and P8. In one embodiment, the rectangular patch units 41, 51 and the miniature patch units 42, 52 may be, for example, metal patches located in the inner layers of a multilayer double-sided high-frequency printed circuit board. The receiving ends P7, P8 are connected to stubs S1, S2, respectively, whose primary function is impedance matching. Figure 2 is a side view and a bottom view of an integrated antenna structure having arbitrary deflection linear polarization radiation function according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring together to Figures 1 and 2, the integrated antenna structure 200 is mounted on a substrate B. In this embodiment, in addition to the radiator 10, filter 20 and 90-degree hybrid coupler 30 shown in Figure 1, the integrated antenna structure 200 further includes filters 60, 70 (also called second filters), and the integrated antenna structure 200 includes transmitting ends T1, T2 (i.e., input ends P1, P2 in Figure 1) and receiving ends P9, P10. The receiving ends P9, P10 of filters 60, 70 are connected to stubs S4, S3, respectively, whose primary function is impedance matching.

[0034] Filters 60 and 70 are shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a second filter according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 1 to 3 together, filters 60 and 70 have the same components. Taking filter 60 as an example, filter 60 includes a rectangular patch unit 61, a small patch unit 62, a large patch unit 63, and a receiving terminal P9, and the rectangular patch unit 61, the small patch unit 62, and the receiving terminal P9 are similar components to the rectangular patch units 41, 51, the small patch units 42, 52, and the receiving terminals P7, P8. Furthermore, if the dimensions of the large patch unit 63 are greater than or equal to those of the rectangular patch unit 61, filter 60 has a better filtering effect. In one embodiment, the rectangular patch unit 61, the small patch unit 62, and the large patch unit 63 may be, for example, metal patches located in the inner layer of a multilayer double-sided high-frequency printed circuit board.

[0035] Figure 4 is a conceptual block diagram of an integrated antenna structure having arbitrary deflection linear polarization radiation function according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring together to Figures 1, 2 and 4, the integrated antenna structure 200 can be divided into a radiating layer, a filtering layer and an interface layer. The radiating layer includes a first radiating patch unit 11 and a second radiating patch unit 12. The filtering layer includes a first filter 20 and second filters 60 and 70. The interface layer includes a 90-degree hybrid coupler 30, transmitting ends T1 and T2 and receiving ends P9 and P10.

[0036] The integrated antenna structure 200 supports the transmission and reception of signals. Specifically, the integrated antenna structure 200 is a duplex antenna array structure comprising two antenna structures: one for transmitting signals and one for receiving signals. These two antenna structures share a radiator 10 (i.e., a first radiating patch unit 11 and a second radiating patch unit 12) to transmit and receive signals, thereby reducing hardware costs. Furthermore, these two antenna structures have a high degree of integration and isolation. Specifically, the first radiating patch unit 11, the first filter 20, the 90-degree hybrid coupler 30, and the transmitting terminals T1 and T2 can constitute the transmitting section of the integrated antenna structure 200 (i.e., the antenna structure for transmitting signals). The second radiating patch unit 12, the second filters 60 and 70, and the receiving terminals P9 and P10 can constitute the receiving section of the integrated antenna structure 200 (i.e., the antenna structure for receiving signals). To further explain, filter 20 may be, for example, a band-pass filter or a high-pass filter, and filters 40 and 50 may be, for example, band-stop filters or low-pass filters. The passband of filter 20 is in the first frequency band, and the passbands of filters 40 and 50 are in the second frequency band, and the first and second frequency bands do not overlap. Therefore, the transmitting and receiving sections of the integrated antenna structure 200 do not interfere with each other.

[0037] On the other hand, referring again to Figure 1, the integrated antenna structures 100 and 200 can also be used to radiate circularly polarized signals or linearly polarized signals.

[0038] When two signals with the same amplitude are supplied to input terminals P1 and P2, respectively, the radiator 10 can radiate a linearly polarized signal based on these two signals.

[0039] Specifically, when one signal (also called the first signal) is supplied to the input terminal P1, the radiating patch unit 11 can radiate a left circularly polarized signal based on the first signal, and when the other signal (also called the second signal) is supplied to the input terminal P2, the radiating patch unit 11 can radiate a right circularly polarized signal based on the second signal. The right circularly polarized signal and the left circularly polarized signal can be combined to form the linearly polarized signal described above.

[0040] To explain further, when the first signal is supplied to the input terminal P1, the 90-degree hybrid coupler 30 evenly distributes the first signal into two separated signals (referred to as the first separated signal and the second separated signal, respectively) that have the same energy but a phase difference of 90 degrees. The 90-degree hybrid coupler 30 then outputs these two separated signals to the filter 20 through output terminals P3 and P4, respectively. Specifically, the 90-degree hybrid coupler 30 can, for example, output the first separated signal to the filter 20 through output terminal P3 and output the second separated signal to the filter 20 through output terminal P4. The phase of the second separated signal output from output terminal P4 is 90 degrees behind the phase of the first separated signal output from output terminal P3. As a result, the filter 20 can receive the first separated signal through supply terminal P5 and the second separated signal through supply terminal P6.

[0041] The filter 20 suppresses energy (also called noise) outside the desired frequency band by filtering the first and second separated signals, and couples the filtered first and second separated signals to the radiating patch unit 11. As a result, the radiating patch unit 11 can radiate a left circularly polarized signal based on the filtered first and second separated signals.

[0042] On the other hand, when the second signal is supplied to the input terminal P2, the 90-degree hybrid coupler 30 evenly distributes the second signal into two separated signals (referred to as the third separated signal and the fourth separated signal, respectively) with identical energy and a phase difference of -90 degrees. The 90-degree hybrid coupler 30 then outputs these two separated signals to the filter 20 through output terminals P3 and P4, respectively. Specifically, the 90-degree hybrid coupler 30 can, for example, output the third separated signal to the filter 20 through output terminal P3 and output the fourth separated signal to the filter 20 through output terminal P4. The phase of the third separated signal output from output terminal P3 is 90 degrees behind the phase of the fourth separated signal output from output terminal P4. As a result, the filter 20 can receive the third separated signal through supply terminal P5 and the fourth separated signal through supply terminal P6.

[0043] The filter 20 suppresses noise by filtering the third and fourth separated signals, and couples the filtered third and fourth separated signals to the radiating patch unit 11. As a result, the radiating patch unit 11 can radiate a right-circularly polarized signal based on the filtered third and fourth separated signals.

[0044] Finally, when a first signal and a second signal with the same amplitude are supplied to input terminals P1 and P2, respectively, the radiating patch unit 11 can generate a left circularly polarized signal and a right circularly polarized signal based on the first signal and the second signal, respectively, and radiate a linearly polarized signal generated by these right and left circularly polarized signals. In one embodiment, the angle of the aforementioned linearly polarized signal is related to the phase difference between the first signal and the second signal. The radiator 10 can convert the first and second signals into a dual circularly polarized signal and combine this dual circularly polarized signal into a linearly polarized signal at any angle (2 degrees / step).

[0045] To further explain, we assume the vertical component of the electromagnetic wave signal is as follows:

[0046]

number

[0047] Furthermore, we assume the horizontal portion of the electromagnetic wave signal is as follows:

[0048]

number

[0049] If this electromagnetic wave signal is a right-hand circular polarization signal, the electric field when it propagates in the z-axis direction can be expressed as follows:

[0050]

number

[0051] Alternatively, it can be expressed as follows:

[0052]

number

[0053] In contrast, the electric field when this electromagnetic wave signal is a left-hand circularly polarized signal propagating in the z-axis direction can be expressed as follows:

[0054]

number

[0055] Alternatively, it can be expressed as follows:

[0056]

number

[0057] In the above formula

[0058] E0, ω, t, k

[0059] These are the complex constant amplitude vector, angular frequency, time, and wave vector, respectively.

[0060] If the phase difference between the first signal and the second signal is as follows:

[0061] θ degree

[0062] That is, when the phase of the first signal precedes the phase of the second signal:

[0063] θ degree

[0064] The electric field when a left-circularly polarized signal and a right-circularly polarized signal propagate in the z-axis direction can be expressed as follows:

[0065] The electric field when a left-circularly polarized signal propagates in the z-axis direction can be expressed as follows:

[0066]

number

[0067] The electric field when a right-circularly polarized signal propagates in the z-axis direction can be expressed as follows:

[0068]

number

[0069] The electric field when a superposition signal of left-circularly polarized and right-circularly polarized signals (i.e., a linearly polarized signal) propagates in the z-axis direction can be expressed as follows:

[0070]

number

[0071] Therefore, when the phase of the first signal precedes the phase of the second signal:

[0072] θ degree

[0073] The polarization direction of the superimposed signal (i.e., the signal radiated by the radiating patch unit 11) is as follows:

[0074]

number

[0075] The integrated antenna structures 100, 200 can radiate linearly polarized signals of any angle based on the phase difference of two signals (i.e., the first signal and the second signal) supplied to different input terminals P1, P2 of the 90-degree hybrid coupler 30.

[0076] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of an integrated antenna structure having an arbitrary deflection linear polarization radiation function according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 5, the integrated antenna structure 300 is installed on a substrate B. The integrated antenna structure 300 includes a radiator 10 shown in Figure 1, a first filter 20, a 90-degree hybrid coupler 30, and a second filter 60 shown in Figure 2. As shown in Figure 5, there are gaps between the radiator 10, the first filter 20, and the 90-degree hybrid coupler 30, and they are not in complete contact, and there are also gaps between each patch unit in the first filter 20 (or the second filter 60).

[0077] Figure 6 is a simulation diagram of the S-parameters of a second filter (for example, filters 40 and 50 shown in Figure 1) according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring together to Figures 1 and 6, in this embodiment, filters 40 and 50 are low-pass filters, the impedance of the miniature patch units 42 and 52 is 50 ohms, and the rectangular patch units 41 and 51 can be considered to have an equivalent capacitance of 0.5 picofarads (pF). Curve 610 represents the S11 parameter (i.e., the input reflection coefficient or return loss of the receiving ends P7 and P8). Curve 620 represents the S12 parameter (i.e., the reverse transmission coefficient or isolation from the miniature patch units 42 and 52 to the receiving ends P7 and P8).

[0078] Figure 7 is a simulation diagram of the S-parameters of a stub (e.g., stub S1) according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring together to Figures 1 and 7, in this embodiment, the electrical length of stub S1 is, for example, as follows:

[0079] λ / 4

[0080] In addition

[0081] λ

[0082] This is the wavelength corresponding to the central operating frequency of the integrated antenna structure 100.

[0083] In other words, when a signal with this operating frequency passes through stub S1, it experiences a quarter wavelength. The S-parameters of stub S1 are simulated using the components shown in the left half of Figure 7, where the impedance of the small patch unit 42 is 50 ohms, the impedance of stub S1 is 100 ohms, and the stopband of filter 40 is 14 gigahertz (GHz). Curve 710 represents the S11 parameter (i.e., the input reflection coefficient or return loss of stub S1). Curve 720 represents the S12 parameter (i.e., the reverse transmission coefficient or isolation of stub S1).

[0084] Figure 8 is a simulation diagram of the S-parameters of a stub (e.g., stub S1) according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring together to Figures 1 and 8, in this embodiment, the electrical length of stub S1 is, for example, as follows:

[0085] 3λ / 4

[0086] The S-parameters of stub S1 are simulated using the components shown in the left half of Figure 8, where the impedance of the small patch unit 42 is 50 ohms, the impedance of stub S1 is 100 ohms, and the stopband of filter 40 is 14 gigahertz. Curve 810 represents the S11 parameters. Curve 820 represents the S12 parameters.

[0087] The primary function of stubs S1 and S2 is impedance matching, preventing signal distortion and improving the signal-to-noise ratio. In one embodiment, the electrical lengths of stubs S1 and S2 are, for example, as follows:

[0088] JPEG2026167453000012.jpg15153

[0089] Here, n is an arbitrary positive integer. The performance of stubs S1 and S2 is positively correlated with the value of n. From Figures 7 and 8, the electrical lengths are:

[0090] 3λ / 4

[0091] The return loss of the stub S1 is due to its electrical length:

[0092] λ / 4

[0093] It can be seen that this is smaller than the return loss of the stub S1.

[0094] In other words, the electrical length is

[0095] 3λ / 4

[0096] The performance of the stub S1 is that its electrical length is:

[0097] λ / 4

[0098] It is superior to the Stub S1.

[0099] Figure 9 is a simulation diagram of the S-parameters of a second filter (e.g., filter 40 shown in Figure 1) connected to a stub (e.g., stub S1) according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring together to Figures 1 and 9, in this embodiment, the electrical length of stub S1 is, for example, as follows:

[0100] 3λ / 4

[0101] The S-parameters of stub S1 are simulated using the components shown in the left half of Figure 9, where the impedance of the small patch unit 42 is assumed to be 50 ohms, the rectangular patch unit 41 is assumed to have an equivalent capacitance of 0.5 picofarads, the impedance of stub S1 is 70 ohms, and the stopband of filter 40 is 14 gigahertz. Curve 910 represents the S11 parameter (i.e., the input reflection coefficient or return loss of the receiving end P7). Curve 920 represents the S12 parameter (i.e., the reverse transmission coefficient or isolation from the small patch unit 42 to the receiving end P7).

[0102] Figure 10 is a simulation diagram of the S-parameters of an integrated antenna structure according to one embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 11 is a simulation diagram of the gain of an integrated antenna structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring together to Figures 2, 10, and 11, in this embodiment, filter 20 is a high-pass filter with a passband between 13.75 GHz and 15.80 GHz. Filters 60 and 70 are low-pass filters with a passband between 10 GHz and 12.90 GHz. Curve 1010 represents the S11 parameters of the transmitting section of the integrated antenna structure 200, and curve 1020 represents the S11 parameters of the receiving section of the integrated antenna structure 200. Curve 1030 represents the S12 parameters of the transmitting section of the integrated antenna structure 200, and curve 1040 represents the S12 parameters of the receiving section of the integrated antenna structure 200. Furthermore, curves 1110 and 1130 in Figure 11 represent the gain of the receiving section of the integrated antenna structure 200, while curves 1120 and 1140 in Figure 11 represent the gain of the transmitting section of the integrated antenna structure 200.

[0103] In summary, the integrated antenna structure having arbitrary deflection linear polarization radiation function provided by embodiments of the present invention is a duplex antenna structure with high degree of integration and high degree of isolation, capable of radiating a linear polarization signal of any angle based on the phase difference of two signals (i.e., a first signal and a second signal) supplied to different input terminals of a 90-degree hybrid coupler.

[0104] Although the present invention has been disclosed as described above by embodiments, this does not limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make some modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be as described in the appended claims. [Industrial applicability]

[0105] The integrated antenna structure having arbitrary linear polarization radiation function according to the present invention is applicable to wireless communication systems. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0106] 100, 200, 300 Integrated Antenna Structure 10. Radiator 11, 12 Radiation Patch Unit 111 Symmetrical Irregular Slots 20, 40, 50, 60, 70 filters 21 Cross-shaped patch unit 211 Center Slot 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217 U-shaped slots 221, 222 Square Patch Unit 2211, 2212, 2213, 2214, 2215, 2216, 2217, 2218, 2221, 2222, 2223, 2224, 2225, 2226, 2227, 2228 slots 30 90-degree hybrid coupler 41, 51, 61 Rectangular Patch Units 42, 52, 62 Small Patch Units 610, 620, 710, 720, 810, 820, 910, 920, 1010, 1020, 1030, 1040, 1110, 1120, 1130, 1140 curve 63 Large Patch Unit B substrate C1, C2 Metal conductors P1, P2 input terminals P3, P4 output terminals P5, P6 supply end P7, P8, P9, P10 Receiving end S1, S2, S3, S4 stub T1, T2 Transmitting terminals

Claims

1. An integrated antenna structure having arbitrary linear polarization radiation function, A radiator including a first radiant patch unit and a second radiant patch unit, A first filter coupled to the first radiating patch unit, A second filter coupled to the second radiating patch unit, A 90-degree hybrid coupler is electrically connected to the first filter and includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal, Equipped with, The radiator, the first filter, and the 90-degree hybrid coupler are sequentially stacked and installed. An integrated antenna structure in which, in response to a first signal and a second signal being supplied to the first input terminal and the second input terminal, respectively, the radiator radiates a linearly polarized signal based on the first signal and the second signal.

2. The integrated antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein the amplitudes of the first signal and the second signal are the same.

3. The integrated antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein the angle of the linear polarization signal is related to the phase difference between the first signal and the second signal.

4. In response to the supply of the first signal to the first input terminal, the first radiating patch unit radiates a left circularly polarized signal based on the first signal. The integrated antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein the first radiating patch unit radiates a right circularly polarized signal based on the second signal in response to the supply of the second signal to the second input terminal.

5. The integrated antenna structure according to claim 4, wherein the linear polarization signal is composed of a combination of the right circular polarization signal and the left circular polarization signal.

6. In response to the supply of the first signal to the first input terminal, the 90-degree hybrid coupler evenly distributes the first signal to the first separated signal and the second separated signal. The 90-degree hybrid coupler outputs the first separation signal to the first filter through the first output terminal, and outputs the second separation signal to the first filter through the second output terminal. The integrated antenna structure according to claim 4, wherein the phase difference between the first separated signal and the second separated signal is 90 degrees.

7. The first filter filters the first separation signal and the second separation signal, The integrated antenna structure according to claim 6, wherein the first radiating patch unit radiates the left circularly polarized signal based on the filtered first separated signal and the filtered second separated signal.

8. In response to the supply of the second signal to the second input terminal, the 90-degree hybrid coupler evenly distributes the second signal to the third and fourth separation signals. The 90-degree hybrid coupler outputs the third separation signal to the first filter through the first output terminal, and outputs the fourth separation signal to the first filter through the second output terminal. The integrated antenna structure according to claim 4, wherein the phase difference between the third separated signal and the fourth separated signal is -90 degrees.

9. The first filter filters the third separation signal and the fourth separation signal, The integrated antenna structure according to claim 8, wherein the first radiating patch unit radiates the right circularly polarized signal based on the filtered third separated signal and the filtered fourth separated signal.

10. The second radiating patch unit is installed on the outer periphery of the first radiating patch unit and is not directly connected to the first radiating patch unit. The integrated antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein the first radiating patch unit has a plurality of irregular slots, and the plurality of irregular slots are symmetrical with respect to each other.

11. The first filter further, A first cross-shaped patch unit including a central slot, multiple U-shaped slots, a first supply end and a second supply end, A first rectangular patch unit, including a slot, is installed between the radiator and the first cross-shaped patch unit and is coupled to the first radiating patch unit, The integrated antenna structure according to claim 1, comprising:

12. The integrated antenna structure according to claim 11, wherein the first output terminal is connected to the first supply terminal through a first metal conductor, and the second output terminal is connected to the second supply terminal through a second metal conductor.

13. The second filter further, A second rectangular patch unit connected to the receiving end, A second miniature patch unit is coupled to the second radiating patch unit, The integrated antenna structure according to claim 1, comprising:

14. The second filter further, The system comprises a second large patch unit installed between the second rectangular patch unit and the second small patch unit, The integrated antenna structure according to claim 13, wherein the dimensions of the second large patch unit are greater than or equal to the dimensions of the second rectangular patch unit.

15. The integrated antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein the first filter is a band-pass filter or a high-pass filter.

16. The integrated antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein the second filter is a band-stop filter or a low-pass filter.

17. The integrated antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein the passband of the first filter is in the first frequency band, the passband of the second filter is in the second frequency band, and the first frequency band and the second frequency band do not overlap.

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