Powder supply device

Abstract

To provide a powder supply device that allows for smooth discharge from a hopper. [Solution] A powder supply device for supplying powder to a cutting torch for cutting an object to be cut, comprising: a storage section for storing powder; a discharge hole for discharging powder from the storage section and guiding it to the cutting torch; an opening body disposed within the storage section at a distance from the discharge hole and having at least one opening, the opening body for crushing clumped powder and passing it through the opening; a vibrating section for vibrating the storage section and transmitting the vibration of the opening body to the clumped powder to promote the crushing of the clumped powder; and a locking member for locking the opening body.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a powder supply device for use in a cutting device that is used for cutting, for example, reinforced concrete and other cutting objects.

BACKGROUND ART

[0002] In recent years, there has been an increasing number of cases where demolition work to remove existing structures is required before starting construction of new buildings. Among existing structures, for the demolition work of robust frames such as reinforced concrete structures, a construction method using a large breaker is generally used. However, construction vibration transmitted to the surrounding environment during the work is one of the issues. Furthermore, in underground sections, despite the large cross-section of the foundation structure, the work is carried out in a narrow space, which poses problems such as restrictions on the adoption of large-scale machinery. Accordingly, there is a demand for the development of construction methods that can solve these issues.

[0003] Currently, as construction methods for suppressing vibration generated during the demolition of large cross-section concrete structures, there are cutting methods using wire sawing and core boring. However, the former has a problem that the wire saw must be installed on the outer periphery of the cutting site. The latter has a problem that steel materials such as steel bars and steel frames constituting the structure become obstacles to core boring. Therefore, the inventors have developed a cutting device and a cutting method using a hydrogen-based mixed gas so as to improve the efficiency of demolition of underground concrete structures and reduce the impact on the surrounding environment (see Patent Documents 1 to 3).

[0004] The cutting devices and cutting methods disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose the use of powder (which may also be referred to as metal powder) in order to raise the temperature of the flame at the flame port to a required temperature or higher. This powder may be composed of iron alone or aluminum alone, or magnesium or the like may be mixed with other metals, or may be used alone.

[0005] Furthermore, powder supply devices for supplying powder to cutting devices and the like are also known.

[0006] For example, when a workpiece is subjected to build-up welding, a device is known that uses a shielding gas to transport metal particles (powder) supplied to the build-up welding area. This device is equipped with a filter having a mesh finer than the powder particles and through which the shielding gas can pass (see Patent Document 4).

[0007] Furthermore, a powder supply device is known that improves the fluidity of the powder by supplying it to an injection nozzle, thereby preventing clogging and enabling the stable supply of any desired amount (see Patent Document 5).

[0008] A powder supply device is known that has a screw placed inside the powder supply nozzle to prevent powder clogging in the powder supply nozzle when powder is introduced into a mold for continuous casting, and also to prevent wear and breakage of the screw due to powder clogging (see Patent Document 6).

[0009] A powder container is known that suppresses excessive powder passage when powder is not in use, and allows an appropriate amount of powder to pass through when powder is in use (see Patent Document 7). [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0010] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-138303 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2023-014706 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2023-114443 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-113873 [Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-246205 [Patent Document 6] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2019-093392 [Patent Document 7] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-183893 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0011] In powder supply devices used in cutting equipment, a phenomenon may occur where the powder gradually clumps together in the hopper. In particular, the powder may clump together and form a bridge that covers the area above the hopper's discharge port. The formation of this bridge makes it difficult for the powder to be discharged from the hopper, making it difficult to smoothly supply the powder to the cutting equipment.

[0012] The present invention aims to provide a powder supply device that can smoothly discharge powder from a hopper even when the powder clumps together inside the hopper. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] To solve the above problems, the powder supply device of the present invention, A powder supply device that supplies powder to a cutting torch for cutting an object to be cut, A storage compartment in which the powder is contained, A discharge hole for discharging the powder from the storage section and guiding it to the cutting torch, An opening body positioned within the housing portion at a distance from the discharge hole portion and having at least one opening, the opening body for crushing the agglomerated powder and passing it through the opening, A vibrating unit for vibrating the housing section and transmitting the vibration of the opening to the agglomerated powder to promote the pulverization of the agglomerated powder, The device comprises a latching member for latching the aforementioned opening. [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] According to the present invention, a powder supply device can be provided that can smoothly discharge powder from a hopper even when the powder clumps together inside the hopper. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] [Figure 1A] It is a diagram schematically showing the cutting device 10. [Figure 1B] It is a diagram for explaining the cutting device according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] (a) is a front view illustrating the cutting torch with its intermediate portion omitted, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of (a). [Figure 3] (c) is a front view of the cutting torch in Fig. 2(a) rotated 90 degrees around the longitudinal direction as an axis, and (d) is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of (c). [Figure 4] (a) is a diagram showing the tip end face of the nozzle, and (b) is a diagram showing the side face of the nozzle. [Figure 5] (a) to (d) are diagrams for explaining the nozzle holder according to the embodiment, where (a) is a diagram showing the side face, (b) is a diagram showing the rear end face, (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of (b), and (d) is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of (b). [Figure 6] It is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state where the nozzle is mounted on the nozzle holder. [Figure 7] It is a diagram for explaining the cutting of an object to be cut by the cutting torch. [Figure 8] It is a diagram for explaining a state where the cutting torch is advanced into the cleaved portion. [Figure 9] It is an explanatory diagram showing the function of the powder introduction passage. [Figure 10] (a) to (e) are diagrams for explaining another type of nozzle holder, where (a) is a diagram showing the side face, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-O-C of (c), (c) is a diagram showing the rear end face, (d) is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-O-D of (c), and (e) is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of (d). [Figure 11] (a) is an explanatory diagram showing the powder passage path when the nozzle holder of the type shown in Fig. 10 is used, and (b) is an explanatory diagram showing the powder passage path when the nozzle holder of the type shown in Fig. 5 according to the embodiment is used. [Figure 12] This chart shows comparative examples of results when the powder composition is changed. [Figure 13] (a) is an explanatory diagram showing a photograph of the cutting process when using the powder according to the embodiment, and (b) is an explanatory diagram showing a photograph of the cutting process when using conventional powder. [Figure 14] This is a schematic diagram showing the process by which the powder clumps together within the hopper 122 as it is discharged from the hopper 122, and the location of the clumped powder (bridges). [Figure 15] This is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the powder supply device 120. [Figure 16] Figure 16A shows an overview of the various types of perforated bodies 170, and Figure 16B shows a cross-sectional view indicating the positions where the perforated bodies 170 are placed. [Figure 17] Figure 17A shows a perspective view of the ribbed saddle 180, and Figure 17B shows a cross-sectional view of the position where the ribbed saddle 180 is attached and the state in which the perforated body 170 is positioned. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0016] <Summary of the description of the embodiment> The following describes a cutting apparatus, a cutting method, and a powder (containing silicon) used therein according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that a cutting apparatus similar to that described in Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-114443) can be used as the cutting apparatus according to this embodiment. Therefore, the description of the cutting apparatus will largely be the same as that of the cutting apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 3.

[0017] <Cutting device 10> Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the cutting device 10. This cutting device 10 includes a cutting torch 11, an adjustment device 12, and a dust collector 13. Of these, the cutting torch 11 has a cylindrical body 14, and the axial length of the body 14 is such that the cutting operator can grasp it with one or both hands. Furthermore, the overall length, external dimensions, and weight of the cutting torch 11 are such that the operator 30 can grasp it with their hand (a gloved hand for safety) and perform the work nimbly.

[0018] The cutting torch 11 and the adjustment device 12 are connected to the supply hose 18. The adjustment device 12 is equipped with a container (such as a cylinder or tank) containing fuel gas, oxygen, powder, and cooling water. Furthermore, the adjustment device 12 has a powder supply device 120. The powder supply device 120 is also connected to the supply hose 18. Fuel gas, oxygen, powder, and cooling water are supplied to the cutting torch 11 via the supply hose 18. The supply hose 18 is made of a material such as rubber or resin that allows the fuel gas, oxygen, powder, and cooling water to flow through it.

[0019] The dust collection device 13 consists of a chamber section 41 that covers the work area, a transport section 82 with one end connected to the chamber section 41, and a dust collector (dust collection section) 84, etc., to which the other end of the transport section 82 is connected. The chamber section 41 has an exhaust side opening 86, and the tubular transport section 82 is airtightly connected to this exhaust side opening 86.

[0020] A flame 88 is ejected from the cutting torch 11 in a straight line. As shown in Figure 1A, the worker 30 stands outside the chamber 41. The worker 30 inserts the tip of the cutting torch 11 into the work-side opening 45 formed in the chamber 41 and performs the cutting operation as described above. The worker 30 grips and operates the cutting torch 11 to cut the structure 90 made of reinforced concrete or the like.

[0021] <Cutting device and cutting method> Figure 1B schematically shows a cutting device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. This cutting device 10 includes a cutting torch 11 and a supply hose 18. Of these, the cutting torch 11 has a cylindrical body 14, and the axial length of the body 14 is such that the cutting operator can grasp it with one or both hands. The overall length, external dimensions, and weight of the cutting torch 11 are such that the operator can grasp it with their hand (with a glove on for safety) and perform the work nimbly. For example, the diameter is 25 to 40 mm, the overall length is about 500 to 2000 mm, and the weight is about 10 kg or less.

[0022] Specifically, the axial length of the main body 14 can be set to approximately 1m to 2m. Furthermore, the main body 14 is not limited to a straight tube shape; it may also be tapered or arc-shaped, for example. Additionally, the main body 14 can be bent at an intermediate point to form a V-shape or L-shape. The cross-sectional shape of the main body 14 can also be a polygon, such as a triangle or a square.

[0023] Multiple supply hoses 18 are connected to the base end of the cutting torch 11 (right side in Figure 1B). Each supply hose 18 is made of a material such as rubber or resin. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the supply hoses 18 are connected to various pipes located within the main body 14 of the cutting torch 11, including a fuel gas supply pipe 20, a cutting oxygen supply pipe 21a, a preheating oxygen supply pipe 21b, a powder supply pipe 22, and a cooling water supply pipe 23.

[0024] Fuel gas, cutting oxygen, preheating oxygen, and powder are supplied to these fuel gas supply pipes 20, cutting oxygen supply pipe 21a, preheating oxygen supply pipe 21b, and powder supply pipe 22 via individually connected supply hoses 18 from an adjustment supply unit (not shown). Details of the gas and powder will be described later. Figure 3(c) shows the cutting torch from Figure 2(a) rotated 90 degrees around its longitudinal axis, with a portion of it cut away.

[0025] The aforementioned cooling water supply pipe 23 circulates cooling water (not shown) inside the main body 14. The cooling water supply pipe 23 has a supply (forward (IN)) and a return (return (OUT)) section. The cooling water supply pipe 23 has a section 23a that guides the cooling water from the base end side of the cutting torch 11 towards the tip side (from the top to the bottom side of Figure 1B) (hereinafter referred to as "cooling water IN"), and a section 23b that guides the cooling water from the tip side of the cutting torch 11 towards the base end side (from the left to the right side of Figure 1B) (hereinafter referred to as "cooling water OUT"). Here, in Figures 2 and 3, hatching and shading indicating cross-sections have been omitted.

[0026] As shown in Figure 1B, the flame nozzle 15 located at the tip of the cutting torch 11 is composed of a nozzle 16. The nozzle 16 is connected to a nozzle holder 51, which will be described later, and is attached to the main body 14 via the nozzle holder 51. Of these, the nozzle 16 is formed in a cylindrical shape, as shown in Figures 4(a) and (b). Here, the nozzle 16 is shown only in Figures 1B and 4(a) and (b), while Figures 2 and 3 show the nozzle 16 removed.

[0027] As shown in Figure 4(a), the tip surface (the surface where the flame nozzle 15 is located) 35 of the nozzle 16 has several types of holes. These holes are the cutting oxygen nozzle 31, the fuel gas nozzle 32, the preheating oxygen nozzle 33, and the powder nozzle 34. The cutting oxygen nozzle 31 is located in the center of the nozzle 16, and the fuel gas nozzles 32 are arranged around it in concentric circles centered on the cutting oxygen nozzle 31. In the example in Figure 4, there are four fuel gas nozzles 32.

[0028] The preheating oxygen nozzles 33 are located outside the fuel gas nozzles 32, and are arranged in a concentric circle centered on the cutting oxygen nozzles 31. In the example in Figure 4, there are eight preheating oxygen nozzles 33. The powder nozzles 34 are located outside the preheating oxygen nozzles 33, and are arranged in a concentric circle centered on the cutting oxygen nozzles 31. In the example in Figure 4, there are also eight powder nozzles 34.

[0029] Each nozzle 31-34 has a circular opening shape, and all openings share the same diameter. Each nozzle 31-34 has a common opening dimension and area on the tip surface 35 of the nozzle 16. For each type of nozzle 31-34, the total opening area is determined by the number of openings. The tip surface 35 is formed as a flat surface (a surface that is flush with the surface) that includes each nozzle 31-34.

[0030] The number and arrangement of each nozzle 31-34 are not limited to the example in Figure 4(a) and can be changed in various ways. For example, the shape of some or all of the nozzle openings can be made rectangular (square). In addition, the opening dimensions and opening area of ​​each nozzle 31-34 can be made common for each type, and the opening dimensions and opening area of ​​at least some types can be made different from those of other types.

[0031] Although detailed illustrations are omitted, the cutting oxygen nozzle 31, the fuel gas nozzle 32, the preheating oxygen nozzle 33, and the powder nozzle 34 are spatially connected within the torch nozzle 16 to the cutting oxygen injection passage, the fuel gas injection passage, the preheating oxygen injection passage, and the powder injection passage, respectively.

[0032] The injection passage for cutting oxygen (not shown) extends along the axis inside the nozzle 16 and opens at the rear end surface 36 of the nozzle 16 (Figure 4(b)). In contrast, the injection passages for fuel gas, preheating oxygen, and powder (none of which are shown) are formed in an L-shape, extending in the axial and radial directions of the nozzle 16.

[0033] The number of injection passages for fuel gas, preheated oxygen, and powder corresponds to the number of fuel gas nozzles 32, preheated oxygen nozzles 33, and powder nozzles 34 mentioned above, which are 4, 8, and 8 respectively. The injection passages for fuel gas, preheated oxygen, and powder open at the bottom of the annular grooves 42-44 (Figure 4(b)) formed on the outer surface of the nozzle 16.

[0034] In the example shown in Figure 4(b), the annular groove 42 is a fuel gas annular groove assigned to a fuel gas injection passage (not shown). The annular groove 43 is a preheating oxygen annular groove 43 assigned to a preheating oxygen injection passage (not shown), and the annular groove 44 is a powder annular groove 44 assigned to a powder injection passage (not shown). Multiple injection passages (not shown) for fuel gas, preheating oxygen, and powder are formed at the bottom of the corresponding annular grooves 42-44. Each injection passage (not shown) opens at approximately equal intervals at the bottom of the corresponding annular grooves 42-44 and is spatially connected to the corresponding annular grooves 42-44.

[0035] Here, the annular grooves 42-44 may be formed in a continuous O-shape around the entire circumference of the outer periphery of the nozzle 16. Alternatively, the annular grooves 42-44 may be of a discontinuous type, in which multiple arc-shaped (also called C-shaped) grooves are intermittently arranged in the circumferential direction.

[0036] The annular grooves 42-44 open in an O-shape (or intermittently) into a tapered portion 46 formed on the rear end side of the nozzle 16 (the right end side in Figure 4(b)). The tapered portion 46 is formed on the rear end side of the nozzle 16, beyond the male threaded portion 47 which is located in the middle of the axial direction. The tapered portion 46 is formed in the region between the male threaded portion 47 and the rear end surface 36, and has a shape that becomes narrower towards the rear end side of the nozzle 16 (the side of the rear end surface 36). The nozzle 16 is then inserted into the nozzle holder 51, which will be described later, with the tapered portion 46, and is detachably fixed to the nozzle holder 51, as will be described later (Figure 1B).

[0037] Next, the nozzle holder 51 will be described based on Figure 1B and Figures 5(a) to (d). The nozzle holder 51 is formed in a cylindrical shape overall and is detachably attached to the main body 14 of the cutting torch 11, as shown in Figure 1B. As shown in Figures 5(c) and (d), the nozzle holder 51 has a nozzle insertion hole 52 into which the nozzle 16 is inserted, and the nozzle insertion hole 52 opens in a circular shape on the tip surface 53. On the tip side (the side of the tip surface 53) of the nozzle holder 51, a screw groove (female screw groove, reference numeral omitted) 56 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle insertion hole 52.

[0038] A tapered section 54 is formed on the inner side (the side of the rear end surface 57) of the nozzle insertion hole 52, which narrows as it goes further in. The inner circumferential surface 55 of the tapered section 54 is a continuous tapered surface in the circumferential and axial directions. One end of the cutting oxygen introduction passage 61 is open at the inner part of the nozzle insertion hole 52 (the inner part of the tapered section 54), and the other end of the cutting oxygen introduction passage 61 is open in the center of the rear end surface 57 of the nozzle holder 51, as shown in Figure 5(b).

[0039] Four passages are formed around the tapered section 54. These passages are a fuel gas introduction passage 62, a preheating oxygen introduction passage 63, and two powder introduction passages 64. As shown in Figure 5(b), each of the introduction passages 62-64 opens on the rear end surface 57 in concentric circles centered on the cutting oxygen introduction passage 61. Of these, the two powder introduction passages 64 are formed symmetrically (line-symmetrically and point-symmetrically) with respect to the nozzle holder 51.

[0040] As shown in Figures 5(c) and (d), connection holes 67 to 69 are formed at one end (the side of the tip surface 53) of the fuel gas introduction passage 62, the preheating oxygen introduction passage 63, and the powder introduction passage 64.

[0041] These connection holes 67-69 are the fuel gas connection hole 67, the preheating oxygen connection hole 68, and the powder connection hole 69. Each of the connection holes 67-69 extends radially from the nozzle holder 51 and is spatially connected to the nozzle insertion hole 52. Each of the connection holes 67-69 constitutes a part of the fuel gas introduction passage 62, the preheating oxygen introduction passage 63, and the powder introduction passage 64, respectively.

[0042] Furthermore, each of the connection holes 67-69 is opened on the outer circumferential surface 58 of the nozzle holder 51. By opening each of the connection holes 67-69 on the outer circumferential surface 58 of the nozzle holder 51, the processing of each of the introduction passages 62-64 can be easily performed. However, the openings of each of the connection holes 67-69 on the outer circumferential surface 58 are closed while ensuring that each of the introduction passages 62-64 is secured.

[0043] In other words, only the open ends of the outer circumferential surface 58 of each connection hole 67-69 are blocked, and each introduction passage 62-64 is formed so as not to obstruct the flow of fuel gas, reserve oxygen, and powder. To block the openings of each connection hole 67-69, for example, a columnar body 100 made of the same material as the nozzle holder 51 can be press-fitted into the opening so as not to create any gaps, and the protruding portion can be polished to integrate it with the nozzle holder 51 in an inconspicuous manner.

[0044] Of the connection holes 67 to 69, the fuel gas connection hole 67 (Figure 5(d)) is formed closest to the rear end surface 57 compared to the other connection holes 68 and 69 (Figures 5(a) and (b)). Also, the two powder connection holes 69 (Figure 5(b)) are formed closest to the front end surface 53 compared to the other connection holes 67 and 68 (Figure 5(d)). Furthermore, the two powder connection holes 69 (Figure 5(b)) are arranged on the same straight line at 180-degree intervals. The preheating oxygen connection hole 68 (Figure 5(d)) is formed between the fuel gas connection hole 67 (Figure 5(d)) and the powder connection hole 69 (Figure 5(b)).

[0045] As shown in Figure 5(d), the fuel gas introduction passage 62 is formed parallel to the cutting oxygen introduction passage 61. The preheating oxygen introduction passage 63 and the powder introduction passage 64 are inclined away from the axis of the torch holder 51 as they move from the rear end surface 57 towards the front end surface 53, as shown in Figures 5(c) and 5(d).

[0046] The cutting oxygen introduction passage 61, the fuel gas introduction passage 62, the preheating oxygen introduction passage 63, and the powder introduction passage 64 are connected to the cutting oxygen supply pipe 21a, the fuel gas supply pipe 20, the preheating oxygen supply pipe 21b, and the powder supply pipe 22, respectively, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. Here, the bundle of cutting oxygen supply pipe 21a, fuel gas supply pipe 20, preheating oxygen supply pipe 21b, and powder supply pipe 22 is twisted within the main body 14 to align with the positions of the cutting oxygen introduction passage 61, the fuel gas introduction passage 62, the preheating oxygen introduction passage 63, and the powder introduction passage 64.

[0047] Next, as shown in Figure 6, the nozzle 16 is detachably screwed into the nozzle insertion hole 52 of the nozzle holder 51. When the nozzle 16 is screwed all the way into the nozzle holder 51, the tapered portion 46 of the nozzle 16 is inserted into the tapered portion 54 of the nozzle holder 51 and comes into contact (surface contact) with the inner circumferential surface 55 of the tapered portion 54 of the nozzle holder 51. In this way, the nozzle 16 and the nozzle holder 51 are connected with their tapered portions 46 and 54 in contact with each other. Here, it is not limited to having the tapered portions 46 and 54 in direct contact without any intervening material. For example, an intervening material such as a tapered tubular object or a curved sheet-like object may be provided between the tapered portions 46 and 54. This intervening material may be rigid or flexible. Furthermore, the intervening material may provide sealing properties (for example, airtight sealing properties). Furthermore, the configuration is not limited to the male side of the nozzle 16 and the female side of the nozzle holder 51 as in this embodiment. For example, the nozzle 16 may be the female side and the nozzle holder 51 may be the male side, and the nozzle 16 and the nozzle holder 51 may be connected in this configuration.

[0048] The tapered portion 46 of the nozzle 16 is tapered and does not have any outwardly protruding parts. The inner circumferential surface 55 of the tapered portion 54 is also tapered and does not have any inwardly protruding parts. As a result, the portion of the tapered portion 46 of the nozzle 16, excluding the openings of the fuel gas annular groove 42, the preheating oxygen annular groove 43, and the powder annular groove 44 (the tapered surface), is in surface contact with the inner circumferential surface 55 of the tapered portion 54.

[0049] In this way, when the torch 16 is attached to the torch holder 51, the cutting oxygen injection port 31 (Figure 4(a)) of the torch 16 is spatially connected to the cutting oxygen introduction passage 61 of the torch holder 51. In addition, the fuel gas annular groove 42, the preheating oxygen annular groove 43, and the powder annular groove 44 of the torch 16 are spatially connected to the fuel gas introduction passage 62 (Figure 5(d)), the preheating oxygen introduction passage 63 (Figure 5(d)), and the powder introduction passage 64 of the torch holder 51.

[0050] Cutting oxygen is introduced into the nozzle 16 via the cutting oxygen introduction passage of the nozzle holder 51 and injected from the cutting oxygen injection port 31 (Figure 4(a)) of the nozzle 16. Fuel gas, preheated oxygen, and powder are introduced into the nozzle 16 via the fuel gas introduction passage 62 (Figure 5(d)), the preheated oxygen introduction passage 63 (Figure 5(d)), and the powder introduction passage 64 of the nozzle holder 51 and injected from the fuel gas injection port 32, the preheated oxygen injection port 33, and the powder injection port 34 (all of which are Figure 4(a)) of the nozzle 16. The cutting oxygen, fuel gas, preheated oxygen, and powder are then injected from the nozzle 16 to form a mixed gas.

[0051] Various gases, including hydrogen gas, can be used as fuel gas, but hydrogen-rich gases are particularly desirable. Examples of hydrogen-rich gases include 100% hydrogen gas and mixed gases of hydrogen gas and carbonized gases (with a hydrogen content of 50% or more).

[0052] When using hydrogen-rich gas, radiant heat from the object being cut can be suppressed during the cutting process. Furthermore, hydrogen-rich gas exhibits excellent straight-line propagation when sprayed. This reduces the temperature felt by the worker and prevents overheating of the cutting torch 11. Additionally, the flame can be precisely directed towards the desired location.

[0053] The cutting oxygen has the function of burning the powder and discharging the molten material from the object to be cut (such as reinforced concrete). The powder has the function of raising the flame temperature. As the powder, for example, instead of the mixed powder of iron and aluminum in the invention of Patent Document 3, a mixed powder of iron and silicon (Si) (or a mixed powder of iron, aluminum, and silicon) is used, but the details of the silicon-mixed powder will be described later. Even when silicon is mixed, the object is melted by utilizing the heat of oxidation of silicon, as in the case of aluminum. In this case, iron oxide is used as the base to aid in fluidity, and the cutting ability is improved by mixing in a powder with a high heat of oxidation reaction (silicon in this case). However, it is not limited to this, and as long as the flame temperature can be raised above the required temperature and the handling of the generated molten material (hereinafter referred to as "dross") can be made easy, powders of various compositions can be used. The composition of the silicon-containing powder may, for example, contain multiple types of metal components and silicon, or contain silicon in addition to other types of non-metallic components. By changing the mixing ratio of the powder composition depending on the composition (structure, composition, and other characteristics) of the object to be cut (in this case, the object to be cut 72 as described later in Figure 6, etc.), the fluidity of the heated and melted object to be cut (molten material) can be improved, and its discharge efficiency can be enhanced. Powders containing silicon will be explained later.

[0054] The powder may contain only iron, only aluminum, or other metals. Magnesium and other metals can also be used in the powder, either mixed with other metal powders or used alone. Furthermore, the metal component in the powder can be a mixture of iron and other metal powders, and the proportion of iron in the powder (also called the "mixing ratio" or "mixing percentage") can be relatively high (over 50%). Preferably, the proportion of iron can be set to, for example, 65-90% (by weight). It is also possible to change (determine) the proportion of iron considering the worker's condition (working posture, work content, etc.).

[0055] The powder components of the mixture have a visible size (also known as "particle diameter" or "particle size"), at least some of the components. This makes the mixed gas visible even if the other components of the mixed gas (fuel gases such as hydrogen gas and various types of oxygen) are not visible. The mixed gas can then be ignited after visually confirming the injection state of the mixed gas (speed, flow rate, direction, etc.).

[0056] Figure 7 illustrates how a worker 70 operates a cutting torch 11 to cut an object 72 made of reinforced concrete or the like. When cutting the object 72, fuel gas and preheated oxygen supplied to the cutting torch 11 are injected at high pressure from the cutting torch 11. Powder, also injected from the cutting torch 11, mixes with the mixture of fuel gas and preheated oxygen, and this mixture is ignited. More specifically, it is thought that the powder is heated by the mixed gas and ignited by the cutting oxygen.

[0057] A flame 74 is ejected from the cutting torch 11 in a straight line. Figure 7 schematically shows how the flame 74 hits the object to be cut 72 and reflects. The operator 70 holds the tip of the cutting torch 11 opposite the object to be cut 72 and heats the surface of the object to be cut 72. Furthermore, once the preheating stage is complete, cutting oxygen is added to the preheating oxygen, and the flame 74 is maintained (or intensified). Then, with the supply of cutting oxygen and powder, a high-temperature flame 74 is ejected, and the object to be cut 72 is heated.

[0058] After the supply of cutting oxygen, the cutting temperature of the flame 74 reaches 1500-2000°C or higher due to the action of the silicon-containing powder, exceeding the melting point of the object to be cut 72. The high-temperature flame 74 is then blown onto the object to be cut 72, and the parts of the object 72 that are hit by the flame 74 melt.

[0059] The flame 74 forms a crack 76 (Figure 8) in the object to be cut 72, in which concrete and reinforcing bars are partially removed. As the crack 76 forms, the molten material to be cut (molten material) flows out. For example, the worker 70 gradually inserts the tip of the cutting torch 11 into the crack 76, deepening the crack 76. Figure 8 schematically shows the tip of the cutting torch 11 entering the crack 76.

[0060] The worker 70 appropriately combines forward, lateral, and vertical movement of the cutting torch 11. The worker 70 then sequentially cuts the object to be cut 72 into, for example, plate-like or rectangular parallelepiped shapes, and proceeds with the demolition of buildings and other structures made of reinforced concrete. Cooling water flows through the cutting torch 11 via the cooling water supply pipe 23, and this cooling water circulates between the inside and outside of the cutting torch 11. This prevents the cutting torch 11 from overheating during the cutting operation.

[0061] Figures 6 and 7 also show a shield metal plate 78. This shield metal plate 78 is formed in a plate shape using a fire-resistant metal material. The shield metal plate 78 can be used by the worker 70 as needed, either alone or in combination with the chamber section (not shown), to prevent radiant heat and sparks. The shield metal plate 78 is provided with a rectangular opening 79.

[0062] The shield metal plate 78, although not shown in the illustration, can be used in various ways, such as being held by another worker, placed on a stand, supported by a lifting mechanism (such as a crane or winch), or leaned against the object to be cut 72. The worker 70 can insert the tip of the cutting torch 11 into the opening 79 and perform the aforementioned cutting work while preventing radiant heat and sparks.

[0063] If the shape of the opening 79 is, for example, rectangular, the cutting torch 11 can be moved linearly in the horizontal or vertical direction using the edge of the opening 79 as a guide. In other words, for example, a part of the cutting torch 11 between the tip and the worker 70 is placed on the lower edge of the opening 79, and the worker 70 moves the cutting torch 11 while keeping it in contact with the lower edge of the opening 79. As a result, the cutting torch 11 moves along the shape of the lower edge of the opening 79, and the object to be cut 72 is cut in a linear fashion.

[0064] In the cutting torch 11 used as shown in Figures 7 and 8, the powder introduced into the nozzle holder 51 (Figures 5(a) to (d)) passes through the powder introduction passage 64, as schematically shown in Figure 9. Figure 9 shows an enlarged cross-section of one of the powder introduction passages 64. The powder that enters the powder introduction passage 64 passes through the powder introduction passage 64 and heads toward the nozzle 16. In Figure 9, the flow of powder is indicated by arrow P.

[0065] As mentioned above, the powder introduction passage 64 is inclined away from the axis of the nozzle holder 51. Therefore, the powder (arrow P) moves towards the columnar body 100 that blocks the powder connection hole 69. Furthermore, the powder approaches the columnar body 100 that blocks the end of the powder connection hole 69 before flowing into the powder connection hole 69. In other words, at the boundary between the powder introduction passage 64 and the powder connection hole 69, the powder is ejected from the powder introduction passage 64 toward the inner end face 102 of the columnar body 100.

[0066] In the powder connection hole 69, a bag-shaped bent portion 104 is formed around the inner end surface 102 of the columnar body 100. As a result, powder can accumulate around the inner end surface 102 of the columnar body 100. However, since the powder is ejected from the powder introduction passage 64 toward the inner end surface 102 of the columnar body 100, any powder that reaches the columnar body 100 or the bent portion 104 is blown away by the subsequent powder.

[0067] The powder connection hole 69 opens facing the powder annular groove 44 of the nozzle 16, and the blown-out powder is directly introduced into the powder annular groove 44 of the nozzle 16 from the powder connection hole 69. Here, the inner end face 102 of the columnar body 100 constitutes the inner part of the powder connection hole 69 (the radially outer inner part of the nozzle holder 51).

[0068] As described above, the cutting device 10 of this embodiment is connected such that the nozzle 16 and the nozzle holder 51 are in contact (surface contact) with each other's tapered portions 46 and 54. Therefore, the nozzle 16 and the nozzle holder 51 can be in close contact with a straight surface (conical surface) with minimal steps. Furthermore, no space is created between the nozzle 16 and the nozzle holder 51 except for the passages for fuel gas, reserve oxygen, and powder. Thus, it is possible to prevent as much as possible the occurrence of unevenness and steps between the nozzle 16 and the nozzle holder 51. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent powder accumulation in unevenness and steps. This is also true when using silicon-containing powder, which will be described later. In addition, the inventors' knowledge shows that replacing conventional aluminum with silicon makes it even more difficult for powder to accumulate.

[0069] Furthermore, in the cutting device 10, a powder introduction passage 64 is formed in the nozzle holder 51, and a portion of the powder introduction passage 64 is a powder connection hole 69 that opens onto the tapered surface of the tapered section 54. Therefore, the powder introduction passage 64 can be spatially connected directly to the nozzle 16. Compared to a nozzle holder 81 of the type shown in Figures 10(a) to (e), for example, such a cutting device 10 can reduce the amount of space in which powder can accumulate as much as possible, and offers excellent maintainability.

[0070] The nozzle holder 81 shown in Figures 10(a) to (e) is a different type of nozzle holder from the nozzle holder 51 of this embodiment shown in Figures 5(a) to (d). In the type of nozzle holder 81 shown in Figures 10(a) to (e), an annular groove 86 for powder is formed around the nozzle insertion hole 82. Due to the presence of the annular groove 86 for powder, the area where powder can accumulate is large, making it easy for the nozzle holder 81 and the nozzle 16 to stick together.

[0071] More specifically, the type of nozzle holder 81 shown in Figure 10, like the type of nozzle holder 51 shown in Figure 5, has a tapered portion 88 that makes surface contact with the tapered portion 46 of the nozzle 16. However, a plurality of annular grooves 84-86 are formed around the nozzle insertion hole 82, and each annular groove 84-86 is a recessed portion that protrudes (is recessed) to the outside (outside in the radial direction) of the nozzle insertion hole 82.

[0072] Each of the annular grooves 84-86 is spatially connected to a fuel gas introduction passage 92, a preheating oxygen introduction passage 93, and a single powder introduction passage 94, respectively. Fuel gas, preheating oxygen, and powder are supplied to each of the introduction passages 92-94, respectively. Here, the passage indicated by reference numeral 91 in Figures 10(b)-(d) is the cutting oxygen introduction passage used for supplying cutting oxygen.

[0073] Although not shown in the diagram, the nozzle 16, as shown in Figures 4(a) and (b), is screwed into the nozzle holder 81 shown in Figure 10. The tapered portion 46 of the nozzle 16 fits into the tapered portion 88 of the nozzle holder 81 and contacts the inner circumferential surface 89 of the tapered portion 88 of the nozzle holder 81. Then, the cutting oxygen hole, the annular groove 42 for fuel gas, the annular groove 43 for preheating oxygen, and the annular groove 44 for powder of the nozzle 16 are spatially connected to each other by the annular grooves, with the annular groove 84 for fuel gas, the annular groove 85 for preheating oxygen, and the annular groove 86 for powder of the nozzle holder 81.

[0074] Cutting oxygen, fuel gas, preheating oxygen, and powder are introduced into the torch 16 through the respective introduction passages 91-94 of the torch holder 81. Then, the cutting oxygen, fuel gas, preheating oxygen, and powder are injected as a mixed gas from the cutting oxygen nozzle 31, fuel gas nozzle 32, preheating oxygen nozzle 33, and powder nozzle 34 of the torch 16, similar to the case when using the torch holder 51 shown in Figures 5(a)-(d).

[0075] However, as mentioned above, the nozzle holder 81 is provided with an annular groove 86 for powder that protrudes (is recessed) outward. Figure 11(a) schematically shows a cross-section of the nozzle holder 81 of the type shown in Figure 10 with the nozzle 16 connected to it. Figure 11(a) shows a simplified longitudinal cross-section of the nozzle holder 81 and the nozzle 16 as viewed from the tip side (left side in Figure 1B).

[0076] As shown in Figure 11(a), the powder annular groove 86 is spatially connected to the powder annular groove 44 of the torch 16, and together with the powder annular groove 44 of the torch 16, it forms a large-capacity (large volume) and large-area space. As a result, the volume and area of ​​the part that can come into contact with the powder are large. Furthermore, powder can accumulate inside the powder annular groove 86 in the torch receiver 81, and there is a large amount of room for powder to accumulate.

[0077] Therefore, powder tends to accumulate in the space between the nozzle holder 81 and the nozzle 16. When the accumulated powder melts and solidifies, the nozzle holder 51 and the nozzle 16 become stuck together, making it difficult to remove the nozzle 16. If the powder is made of a low-melting-point component such as aluminum, or contains a low-melting-point component, powder adhesion is more likely to occur. To prevent such adhesion between the nozzle holder 51 and the nozzle 16, it is necessary to interrupt the cutting work for a short time and perform maintenance work. During maintenance work, the nozzle 16 is removed from the nozzle holder 81, and both the nozzle holder 81 and the nozzle 16 are cleaned. Repeating maintenance work frequently increases working time and man-hours, making it difficult to shorten the construction period or reduce man-hours.

[0078] In contrast, Figure 11(b) schematically shows a cross-section of a nozzle holder 51 of the type shown in Figures 5(a) to 5(d) with a nozzle 16 connected to it. Figure 11(b) shows a simplified longitudinal cross-section of the nozzle holder 51 and nozzle 16 as viewed from the tip side (left side in Figure 1B).

[0079] As shown in Figure 11(b), the nozzle holder 51 does not have an annular groove for powder. The nozzle 16 has an annular groove 44 for receiving powder, and the powder connection hole 69 of the nozzle holder 51 opens facing the powder annular groove 44. Powder that has passed through the powder connection hole 69 of the powder introduction passage 64 is directly introduced from the powder connection hole 69 of the nozzle holder 51 into the powder annular groove 44 of the nozzle 16.

[0080] Therefore, in the nozzle holder 51, the volume and area of ​​the part that can come into contact with the powder are small, and the space in which powder can accumulate is small. Compared to the nozzle holder 81 shown in Figure 10, powder is less likely to accumulate on the inner circumference of the nozzle holder 51. As a result, powder is less likely to accumulate in the powder connection hole 69, and the powder connection hole 69 and the boundary between the nozzle holder 51 and the nozzle 16 are kept clean for a long period of time. Furthermore, adhesion between the nozzle holder 51 and the nozzle 16 is prevented, which makes it easy to remove the nozzle 16 and eliminates the need for frequent maintenance work.

[0081] In the case of the nozzle holder 81 shown in Figures 10 and 11(a), maintenance work was sometimes required approximately once every 30 minutes. However, with the nozzle holder 51 shown in Figures 5 and 11(b), it was possible to continue work for a full day without maintenance. Reducing the frequency of maintenance work is important for shortening construction periods and reducing man-hours.

[0082] Furthermore, according to the cutting device 10 of this embodiment, the nozzle receiver 51 is provided with multiple (two in this case) powder introduction passages 64, and the powder is introduced to the nozzle 16 via the multiple powder introduction passages 64. This allows for a balanced supply of powder to the nozzle 16. In addition, it becomes possible to eject the powder from the nozzle 16 with good straight-line directionality.

[0083] To explain in more detail, for example, if there is only one powder intake passage 94 (one passage, one system), as shown in the nozzle receiver 81 in Figure 10, the amount of powder passing through the powder intake passage 94 (amount of powder per unit time) to supply the same amount of powder to the nozzle 16 will be greater than when there are multiple powder intake passages 64, as in the example in Figure 5. Also, gravity acts on the powder, and a very small amount of powder may fall and remain in the powder intake passage 94. And when there is only one powder intake passage 94, the amount of powder that remains in the powder intake passage 94 will also be greater than when there are multiple passages.

[0084] However, as shown in the example in Figure 5, by providing multiple powder introduction passages 64, the amount of powder flowing through each powder introduction passage 64 can be reduced. This allows the powder to be supplied to the nozzle 16 in a balanced and efficient manner. As a result, the powder can be ejected from the nozzle 16 with good straight-line propagation.

[0085] Furthermore, at the nozzle 16, the powder is simultaneously ejected from multiple (eight in this case) powder nozzles 34 arranged concentrically. This allows the powder to be guided to the nozzle 16 via multiple paths and ejected from the nozzle 16. This also enables the nozzle 16 to eject the powder in a straight line. Note that the powder introduction passages 64 are not limited to multiple passages; for example, there may be just one.

[0086] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 9, the powder introduction passage 64 is inclined away from the axis of the nozzle holder 51, and the powder is sprayed toward the back of the powder connection hole 69 (which is formed by the inner end surface 102 of the columnar body 100). This prevents powder from accumulating in the back of the powder connection hole 69. Even if powder does accumulate, subsequent powder can blow away the accumulated powder. This also prevents powder from accumulating in the nozzle holder 51.

[0087] <Reusing Dross> As previously explained, when a structure (object to be cut 72) is cut, the object to be cut 72 melts due to heating (thermal melting), and molten material (dross) is generated. Gas cutting with the cutting torch 11 uses a mixed gas containing iron powder and aluminum powder to cut the reinforcing steel and concrete simultaneously, so the generated molten material (dross) is a mixture of molten iron, aluminum, their metal oxides, and concrete, and is concrete molten material (concrete dross) containing metal elements. This concrete molten material flows down from the crack 76 toward the ground or flies toward the worker 70. Furthermore, the concrete molten material is cooled by exposure to air while flowing down from the crack 76 (sometimes hanging down) or while adhering to the cut surface (crack 76, etc.).

[0088] When molten concrete cools to a certain temperature, it solidifies into a solid. This solidified molten concrete is separated from the object to be cut 72 and can be referred to as "separated solidified material." Because the separated solidified material contains metallic elements, it is a heavier material than concrete alone. This separated solidified material can be reused as a fire-resistant aggregate, etc. Possible uses for the separated solidified material include cutting it into rectangular parallelepipeds and using it like bricks, or using its irregular shape after solidification to create decorative items.

[0089] <About powders containing silicon> The improvement in powder handling in the nozzle 16 and nozzle holder 51, as described above, becomes even more pronounced by using silicon instead of aluminum, or by mixing aluminum and silicon. The advantages of including silicon in the powder are explained below.

[0090] Originally, the inventors included aluminum in the powder to make it easier to dissolve the concrete surface when cutting reinforced concrete structures. The reason why including aluminum in the powder makes it easier to dissolve the concrete surface is thought to be due to the material properties of aluminum, which have a low melting point and a high heat output.

[0091] However, the melting point of aluminum oxide is very high, at 2072°C, as shown in the cell at the intersection of "aluminum" and "oxide melting point [°C]" in the comparison table in Figure 12. Therefore, when melting powder (aluminum oxide dross) that has been generated, solidified, and re-welded, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the dross back up to its melting point. This means that a lot of time and effort is spent on remelting the dross.

[0092] The inventors considered changing the composition of the powder to facilitate the handling of such dross (and the handling of the cutting device 10, cutting method, powder, etc.). They selected silicon as a new component to include in the powder. When silicon is included in the powder, the main composition of the dross obtained is silicon oxide. As shown in the cell at the intersection of "Silicon" and "Oxide Melting Point [°C]" in the table in Figure 12, the melting point of silicon oxide is 1610°C, which is significantly lower than the melting point of aluminum oxide (2072 [°C]). Therefore, remelting the dross that has solidified after generation does not require as much time or effort as it does for aluminum oxide.

[0093] Furthermore, as shown in the "Caloriement [kJ / g]" column of the table in Figure 12, the calorific value of the iron and aluminum mixed powder is 31.1 [kJ / g], while that of the iron and silicon mixed powder is 30.6 [kJ / g]. In other words, the amount of heat generated when silicon is included in the powder is almost the same as the amount of heat generated when aluminum is included in the conventional powder. Therefore, the efficiency of cutting the object to be cut is almost the same whether silicon is included in the powder or aluminum. However, the temperature required to remelt the dross generated by cutting is significantly lower when silicon is included in the powder compared to when aluminum is included in the conventional powder. Therefore, when silicon is included in the powder, it is possible to suppress the effect of radiant heat on the cutter (worker) compared to when aluminum is included in the conventional powder.

[0094] Furthermore, by including silicon in the powder as in this embodiment, the amount of dross generated during cutting was reduced compared to conventional examples that do not include silicon. Figure 13(a) shows the cutting process when silicon is included in the powder, and Figure 13(b) shows the cutting process when silicon is not included in the powder (when aluminum is used). The photographic image in Figure 13(b) shows the generated dross 110 flowing downwards and hanging down. In contrast, the photograph in Figure 13(a) does not show any dross. Thus, by including silicon in the powder, the generation of dross can be suppressed. As a result, the dross becomes easier to handle, and consequently, the cutting process becomes easier.

[0095] Furthermore, by including silicon in the powder as in this embodiment, the re-welded dross can be easily peeled off the object to be cut and is also easy to crush, making the dross removal process easier than when using conventional examples that include aluminum in the powder. Although analysis of these points is not yet complete, it is thought that using silicon weakens the dross, and as a result, the crushing and peeling of the dross becomes easier.

[0096] Furthermore, the advantages (benefits, effects) described here are obtained whether the conventional aluminum powder is replaced with silicon or when aluminum and silicon are mixed. When the silicon content is increased, the advantages in dross suppression, remelting, and removal work are particularly significant.

[0097] Furthermore, experiments on the invention have shown that increasing the amount of silicon makes the powder more likely to clog the nozzle receiver 51 and nozzle 16 before spraying. Therefore, simply using silicon or increasing the proportion of silicon does not necessarily make the cutting device 10, cutting method, or handling of the powder easier, as the powder is more likely to clog. Accordingly, finding the optimal proportion of silicon that prevents powder clogging while also providing advantages such as dross suppression, remelting, and removal work is a challenge for the future.

[0098] In this context, the cutting device 10, cutting method, and powder according to this embodiment prioritize suppressing the amount of dross generated, remelting the dross that has solidified after generation, and removing the remelted and solidified dross, even though silicon is an element that tends to clog the powder. Furthermore, in order to use silicon, which tends to clog, it is effective to combine it with a nozzle holder 51 and nozzle 16 that do not easily accumulate powder, as in this embodiment.

[0099] Conventionally, various elements have been used as mixed elements in liquid flux or vaporized flux to suppress burrs during cutting. However, such conventional techniques do not facilitate the handling of powder, suppress the amount of dross generated, facilitate the remelting of solidified dross, or facilitate the removal of solidified dross, as is the case in this embodiment. Therefore, the conventional techniques and the cutting apparatus 10, cutting method, and powder of this embodiment differ in their fundamental technical concepts and technical configurations.

[0100] Furthermore, because the handling of dross becomes easier, as mentioned above, tasks such as separating and collecting dross are also easier when reusing it.

[0101] Furthermore, if we focus only on the oxide melting point among the oxide melting points and heat generation shown in Figure 12, the oxide melting points of manganese are 1785°C (for MnO) and 1564°C (for Mn3O4), which are lower than those of aluminum and closer to those of silicon (1610°C). Therefore, it is conceivable to use manganese instead of silicon.

[0102] <<<<Powder supply device 120>>>> <<<Bridge formation>>> Figures 14A to 14C are schematic diagrams showing the process by which the powder clumps together within the hopper 122 as it is discharged from the hopper 122, and the location of the clumped powder (bridges).

[0103] Initially, when the powder is introduced into the hopper 122, it maintains its powdery state and can flow downwards (Figure 14A).

[0104] As the powder flows downward, the density of the powder gradually increases within the conical cylinder portion 130, which has a reduced diameter (see arrow in Figure 14B), making the powder more prone to clumping (Figure 14B).

[0105] Furthermore, as the amount of powder in the hopper 122 decreases, the powder clumps together and forms bridges within the conical cylinder 130 (Figure 14C). The formation of these bridges hinders the flow of the powder, making it difficult to discharge the powder from the hopper 122.

[0106] A bridge, in this context, refers to an area formed by the powder itself due to clumping, and regardless of its size or shape, it is an area that obstructs the flow of the powder.

[0107] Furthermore, since bridges are formed by the high density of the powder, they are more likely to form in the conical section 130 than in the cylindrical section 124. However, any region formed by the powder itself at any point within the hopper 122 is called a bridge.

[0108] <<<Configuration of the powder supply device 120>>> Figure 15 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the powder supply device 120.

[0109] The powder supply device 120 is Hopper 122 and, Discharge section (ejector) 150, Vibrator 160 and, It has.

[0110] <<Hopper 122>> The hopper 122 has a cylindrical section 124 and a conical section 130. The cylindrical section 124 and the conical section 130 are arranged coaxially and share a common central axis O. The central axis O extends in the vertical direction. The cross-sections of the cylindrical section 124 and the conical section 130, in the direction perpendicular to the central axis O (horizontal direction), have a circular shape.

[0111] <Cylindrical section 124> A powder inlet 126 is formed at the upper end of the cylindrical portion 124. A conical portion 130 is connected to the lower part of the cylindrical portion 124, and the cylindrical portion 124 and the conical portion 130 are in communication with each other.

[0112] <Conical cylindrical section 130> The conical cylinder portion 130 has the shape of the side portion of a frustocone. The conical cylinder portion 130 has a reduced diameter upper end 132 and a reduced diameter lower end 134. The reduced diameter upper end 132 has the same radius as the cylindrical portion 124 and is located at the upper end of the conical cylinder portion 130. The reduced diameter lower end 134 has a radius that is smaller than that of the reduced diameter upper end 132 and is located at the lower end of the conical cylinder portion 130. The radius of the conical cylinder portion 130 gradually decreases from the reduced diameter upper end 132 to the reduced diameter lower end 134 (downwards).

[0113] <Storage Unit 140> A storage section 140 (storage space) for storing powder is formed from the cylindrical section 124 and the conical section 130. The powder inside the storage section 140 falls due to gravity and is discharged from the discharge section 150.

[0114] <Other shapes of Hopper 122> The hopper 122 may be composed of a square tube and a polygonal tube such as a square pyramidal tube or a polygonal pyramidal tube. The hopper 122 should have a shape that allows the introduced powder to fall smoothly due to the action of gravity.

[0115] <<Ejector 150>> The discharge section 150 consists of an ejector, for example, used for powder transport. The discharge section 150 is located at the bottom of the conical cylindrical section 130. Powder discharged from the reduced diameter lower end 134 of the conical cylindrical section 130 is supplied to the discharge section 150. The discharge section 150 has a powder discharge port 152.

[0116] Air is supplied to the hopper 122 and the discharge section 150 from a supply source (not shown). The air supplied to the discharge section 150 is ejected into the discharge section 150 through a nozzle (not shown). Using the negative pressure created by the jet, powder and air are drawn from the conical cylinder section 130 into the discharge section 150, and the powder is discharged together with the air from the powder discharge port 152.

[0117] A supply hose 18 is connected to the powder discharge port 152. The powder discharged from the powder discharge port 152 is supplied to the cutting torch 11 via the supply hose 18 (see Figures 1A and 1B).

[0118] <<Vibrator 160>> The discharge unit 150 has a vibrator 160. The vibrator 160 generates periodic vibrations at a predetermined frequency and amplitude.

[0119] <Functions of Vibrator 160> The vibrator 160 is installed at a specific position on the side wall of the discharge section 150. The vibrations of the vibrator 160 are transmitted via the discharge section 150 and the hopper 122 to the perforated body 170 (see Figures 16B and 17B) installed inside the hopper 122, causing the perforated body 170 to vibrate.

[0120] By placing the vibrator 160 at the bottom of the hopper 122, the center of gravity is lowered, stabilizing the posture of the hopper 122. The vibrator 160 directly vibrates the entire discharge section 150, accurately guiding the powder to the powder discharge port 152 and improving the flow of powder to the cutting torch 11.

[0121] Furthermore, by placing the vibrator 160 at the bottom of the hopper 122, vibrations can be propagated upwards from the lower end of the hopper 122, with the lower end of the hopper 122 as the center of vibration. This allows the entire hopper 122, which consists of a hollow cylindrical section 124 and a conical section 130, to be vibrated, making it easier to vibrate the perforated body 170 attached to the hopper 122.

[0122] By placing the perforated body 170 in a location where the hopper 122 is prone to vibration and bridge formation, vibrations can be efficiently transmitted to the perforated body 170.

[0123] <Frequency and amplitude of vibrator 160> The frequency and amplitude of the vibrator 160 can be appropriately determined according to the material of the powder, the size and hardness of the bridges, etc. The vibration transmitted to the perforated body 170 should make it difficult for bridges to form or crush any bridges that have formed, so that the bridges (powder or small clumps of powder) can be discharged from the discharge section 150.

[0124] <<Perforated body 170>> <Functions of perforated body 170> The perforated body 170 crushes bridges formed in the conical cylinder portion 130 or makes it difficult for bridges to form within the conical cylinder portion 130. The vibrations generated by the vibrator 160 are transmitted to the bridges via the perforated body 170. Small clumps of powder or crushed powder fall through the perforated body 170 towards the discharge portion 150.

[0125] The perforated body 170 is positioned between the reduced diameter upper end 132 and the reduced diameter lower end 134 of the conical cylinder portion 130. The perforated body 170 is positioned in the conical cylinder portion 130 where bridge formation is likely to occur. The position where bridge formation is likely to occur is determined by the type and amount of powder, as well as the shape, inclination, and material of the conical cylinder portion 130.

[0126] <Structure of perforated body 170> Figure 16A is a plan view showing multiple types of perforated bodies 170. Figure 16B is a cross-sectional view showing the perforated body 170 held in a fixed position on the conical cylindrical portion 130. The perforated body 170 has a frame portion 172 and a crushing portion 174.

[0127] <Frame section 172> The frame portion 172 has an annular shape. The frame portion 172 has a predetermined thickness. The frame portion 172 forms the outer edge of the perforated body 170. The frame portion 172 is held, locked, or engaged with the curved portion 184 (see Figure 16B). Specifically, the perforated body 170 is held in a fixed position on the conical cylindrical portion 130 by the support of the frame portion 172 on the curved portion 184 of the ribbed saddle 180 (see Figure 17B).

[0128] <Crushing section 174> The grinding section 174 is held by the frame section 172. The grinding section 174 may be integrally constructed with the frame section 172 or constructed separately. The grinding section 174 extends in a planar shape. The contour of the grinding section 174 has a substantially circular shape. The grinding section 174 extends over the area inside the frame section 172. The area inside the frame section 172 is the area from the center of the frame section 172 to the frame section 172. The thickness and material of the grinding section 174 may be appropriately determined according to the thickness and hardness of the bridge, the material of the powder, etc.

[0129] <Opening 176> The crushing section 174 has multiple openings 176. The bridges can be easily crushed by colliding with the edges of the openings 176. The crushed bridges (powder) pass through the openings 176 and fall toward the discharge section 150 below. The openings 176 allow the perforated body 170 to function as a sieve. By providing multiple openings 176, the opportunities for the bridges to come into contact with or collide with the edges of the openings 176 can be increased.

[0130] <176 types of openings> As shown in Figure 16A, the multiple openings 176 have shapes composed of straight lines, such as polygons (squares, etc.), or shapes composed of curves, such as circles and ellipses. Specifically, the openings 176 have shapes such as mesh, grid, or lattice, or shapes formed from perforated metal or slit plates. The openings 176 should be perforated to facilitate the crushing of the bridge and guide it to the discharge section 150. The size, shape, number, spacing, and arrangement of the multiple openings 176 can be appropriately determined according to the thickness and hardness of the bridge and the material of the powder.

[0131] <Other aspects of opening 176> The edges of the opening 176 may be formed into a sharp shape, or a sharp projection may be provided on the edge of the opening 176 that protrudes perpendicularly (upward) to the extending surface of the crushing section 174. Alternatively, burrs generated when forming the opening 176 may be utilized. The structure of the opening 176 should be such that it is easy to crush the bridge by the transmitted vibrations.

[0132] <<Ribbed single saddle 180>> Figure 17A is a perspective view showing the appearance of the ribbed saddle 180. Figure 17B is a cross-sectional view showing the perforated body 170 engaged with the conical cylindrical portion 130 using the ribbed saddle 180.

[0133] The ribbed saddle 180 is formed by deforming a thin plate material having a certain width. The ribbed saddle 180 has a base portion 182 and a curved portion 184.

[0134] <Base 182> The base portion 182 has a thin, flat shape. The base portion 182 is positioned at a fixed location on the inner surface of the conical cylindrical portion 130 (see Figure 17B). The base portion 182 has a through hole 186. The ribbed saddle 180 can be fixed to the inner surface of the conical cylindrical portion 130 by a screw 189 through the through hole 186 (see Figure 17B). By fixing the ribbed saddle 180 with the screw 189, the perforated body 170 can be detachably attached to the conical cylindrical portion 130.

[0135] <Curved section 184> The curved portion 184 is formed continuously with the base portion 182. The curved portion 184 extends in a direction away from the base portion 182. The curved portion 184 has the same width as the base portion 182. The curved portion 184 has a substantially semi-cylindrical shape. The substantially semi-cylindrical shape of the curved portion 184 forms a holding space 188.

[0136] The frame portion 172 of the perforated body 170 is held in the holding space 188 of the curved portion 184 (see Figure 17B). The frame portion 172 is supported by the curved portion 184. The perforated body 170 is detachably held by the ribbed saddle 180.

[0137] The number and position of the ribbed saddles 180 attached to the inner surface of the conical cylinder portion 130 can be determined appropriately according to the size and weight of the perforated body 170, the expected weight and size of the bridge, etc.

[0138] Figure 17B shows an example in which the ribbed saddle 180 is attached to the inner surface of the conical cylinder 130 with the base 182 facing upwards and the curved portion 184 facing downwards. However, it is not limited to this, and the ribbed saddle 180 may also be attached with the base 182 facing downwards and the curved portion 184 facing upwards. It is sufficient if the perforated body 170 can be detachably attached to the conical cylinder 130 such that the crushing portion 174 of the perforated body 170 extends horizontally within the conical cylinder 130.

[0139] Furthermore, Figure 17B shows an example of attaching the perforated body 170 using a ribbed saddle 180 having a base portion 182 and a curved portion 184. However, it is not limited to this, and any device that can detachably engage the perforated body 170 with a fixed position on the conical cylindrical portion 130 is acceptable.

[0140] Only a portion of the frame portion 172 of the perforated body 170 is supported by the curved portion 184 of the ribbed saddle 180. The remaining portion of the frame portion 172 is separated from the inner surface of the conical cylinder portion 130. This separation from the conical cylinder portion 130 allows the remaining portion of the frame portion 172 to vibrate easily as a free end, increasing the amplitude and making it less likely for a bridge to form on the inner surface of the conical cylinder portion 130. Furthermore, the portion supported by the curved portion 184 of the ribbed saddle 180 can also vibrate easily by creating a gap between it and the frame portion 172.

[0141] <Examples of inventions that can be extracted from the embodiments> From this embodiment, for example, the following inventions can be extracted. (1) A powder supply device (such as a powder supply device 120) that supplies powder to a cutting torch (such as a cutting torch 11) for cutting an object to be cut, A storage section (such as hopper 122) in which the powder is contained, A discharge port (such as a powder discharge port 152) for discharging the powder from the storage section and guiding it to the cutting torch, An opening body positioned within the housing portion at a distance from the discharge hole portion and having at least one opening, the opening body (perforated body 170, etc.) for crushing the agglomerated powder and passing it through the opening, A vibrating unit (such as a vibrator 160) is provided to vibrate the aforementioned housing section and transmit the vibration of the opening to the agglomerated powder, thereby promoting the pulverization of the agglomerated powder. A powder supply device comprising a latching member (such as a ribbed saddle 180) for latching the aforementioned opening. (2) The opening is detachably engaged with the housing. (3) The housing section is A cylindrical part (such as a cylindrical section 124) having an opening for introducing powder, It has a conical portion (such as a conical cylindrical portion 130) that is in communication with the aforementioned cylindrical portion, The introduced powder is guided from the cylindrical portion to the conical portion by the action of gravity. (4) The latching member is provided in the conical portion at a reduced diameter position (between the reduced diameter upper end 132 and the reduced diameter lower end 134) that is smaller in diameter than the cylindrical portion. (5) The opening is detachably engaged with the locking member in the reduced diameter position. (6) The opening body is A frame portion (such as frame portion 172) that forms the outer edge of the opening and is hooked onto the latching member, The device includes a crushing section (such as the crushing section 174) that is held in the frame and extends from the frame into an inner region, and has at least one opening formed therein.

[0142] <Other> Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and many modifications are possible within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments described are merely examples of how the present invention can be implemented, and the technical scope of the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited by these embodiments.

[0143] The cutting torch 11 is designed to be held by the operator 70, but support for the cutting torch 11 is not necessarily limited to direct holding by the operator 70. For example, a gripping device (not shown) for the cutting torch 11 can be provided, and the cutting torch 11 can be supported by this gripping device. Examples of gripping devices include relatively lightweight, simple types (holder type, stand type, handle type, etc.) or heavy equipment attachments that can be mounted on heavy machinery.

[0144] Furthermore, various materials other than reinforced concrete can be used as the object to be cut 72. For example, objects made of acrylic resin glass, gas tanks, and soil column walls (made by embedding H-shaped steel as a core material in cement-mixed soil) can also be used as the object to be cut 72. In addition, objects at construction sites, demolition sites, and structures other than those containing steel can also be used as examples of the object to be cut 72. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0145] 10 Cutting device 11 Cutting Torch 14 Main body 16 Craters 18. Supply hose 20 Fuel gas supply pipe 21a Cutting oxygen supply pipe 21b Preheating oxygen supply pipe 22 Powder supply pipe 23 Cooling water supply pipe 31. Nozzle for cutting oxygen 32 Fuel gas injection nozzles 33 Preheating oxygen nozzle 34 Powder nozzle 42 Annular groove for fuel gas 43 Annular groove for preheating oxygen 44 Annular groove for powder 46 Tapered section 51. Torch receiver 53 Tip surface 54 Tapered section 61. Inlet passage for cutting oxygen 62 Fuel gas introduction passage 63 Preheating oxygen introduction passage 64 Powder introduction passage 67 Fuel gas connection port 68 Connection port for preheating oxygen 69 connection holes for powder 72 Object to be cut 120 Powder supply device 122 Hopper 150 Discharge section 152 Powder outlet 160 Vibrators 170 perforated body 172 Frame section 172 174 Crushing section 174 180 Ribbed Single Saddle

Claims

1. A powder supply device that supplies powder to a cutting torch for cutting an object to be cut, A storage compartment in which the powder is contained, A discharge hole for discharging the powder from the storage section and guiding it to the cutting torch, An opening body positioned within the containment portion at a distance from the discharge hole portion and having at least one opening, the opening body being for crushing the agglomerated powder and passing it through the opening, A vibrating unit for vibrating the housing section and transmitting the vibration of the opening to the agglomerated powder to promote the pulverization of the agglomerated powder, A powder supply device comprising a latching member for latching the aforementioned opening.

2. The powder supply device according to claim 1, wherein the opening is detachably engaged with the housing.

3. The aforementioned housing section is A cylindrical part having an opening for putting in powder, It has a conical portion that communicates with the aforementioned cylindrical portion, The powder supply device according to claim 2, wherein the introduced powder is guided from the cylindrical portion to the conical portion by the action of gravity.

4. The powder supply device according to claim 3, wherein the latching member is provided in the conical portion at a reduced diameter position that is smaller than the cylindrical portion.

5. The powder supply device according to claim 4, wherein the opening is detachably engaged with the locking member in the reduced diameter position.

6. The opening body is A frame portion which constitutes the outer edge of the opening and is hooked onto the hooking member, The powder supply device according to claim 4, comprising: a crushing section held in the frame, extending from the frame into an inner region, and having at least one opening formed therein.

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