Honing apparatus and honing method

Abstract

The present invention provides a honing apparatus and a honing method using the same, which enable precise and partial honing only in predetermined areas. [Solution] A honing apparatus comprising a belt-shaped transfer member for transporting a workpiece and a honing processing unit for surface-treating a desired position of the workpiece, wherein a hole is provided at a predetermined position on the belt-shaped transfer member for partially accommodating the workpiece and holding it in a state where the surface treatment area is exposed, and the honing processing unit is a processing unit that applies a predetermined surface treatment to the surface treatment area of ​​the workpiece while it is held in the hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a honing apparatus and a honing method. In particular, the present invention relates to a honing apparatus capable of easily and accurately performing honing treatment (polishing treatment) only on a predetermined portion, and a honing method using the same.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, automotive parts and the like are subjected to partial coating in which only predetermined coating portions are coated to improve the corrosion resistance and the like of the coated portions. For example, in the case of a ball stud, the rust-preventive paint is applied to the fixing thread groove portion, and the rust-preventive paint is not applied to the spherical surface portion that makes spherical contact with the socket. On the other hand, even when partial coating is performed on the fixing thread groove portion of the ball stud, it has been required to perform honing treatment only on the thread groove portion which is the coating surface, in order to improve the adhesion of the coating film and the like.

[0003] As such a honing treatment, a method of spraying an abrasive agent onto an object to be treated in a state where non-coating portions are masked is widely known. However, masking each individual object to be treated is complicated, and thus there has been a problem that it is not suitable for efficiently performing partial coating on a large number of objects to be treated.

[0004] Accordingly, for the purpose of achieving a compact size that can be installed side by side on an assembly line, and accurately performing partial dip coating on a coated article to perform partial coating, a simple dip coating machine is disclosed that partially immerses an object to be treated in a coating material with the object facing downward to perform partial coating (for example, Patent Document 1). That is, there is disclosed a simple dip coating machine for partially coating an object to be treated, which includes a paint tank for maintaining the liquid level of the paint at a constant height, a hanger for immersing a part of the article to be coated inside the paint tank to perform partial coating, and a moving mechanism for the hanger, and is provided with a supply pipe for supplying a predetermined paint and an air inflow pipe, wherein the discharge ports facing the inside of the paint tank are at the same height.

[0005] Furthermore, the applicant has already proposed a partial painting apparatus and method for a workpiece that can efficiently apply paint only to the areas to be painted, even without using masking materials (for example, Patent Document 2). More specifically, the honing device comprises a paint tank for containing paint, an immersion tank housed inside the paint tank so as to be vertically movable, a long suspension jig for suspending the workpiece, and a suspension member for detachably suspending the suspension jig while the workpiece is suspended, wherein the suspension jig rotates along its long axis and in the vertical direction to remove excess paint. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-102764 (Claims) [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2017-23905 (Claims) [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] However, the simple immersion coating machine described in Patent Document 1 assumes that the liquid level in the paint tank will fluctuate, even slightly, making it difficult to accurately and reliably partially coat a predetermined area while transporting the workpiece. Moreover, it does not take into account pre-treatment of only the predetermined area of ​​the workpiece, resulting in the problem that the partially coated film is easily peeled off. Furthermore, while the partial coating apparatus described in Patent Document 2 can accurately apply partial coating to a portion of the product to be coated after it has been stopped and transported, it is difficult to apply partial coating only to the desired surface while the product is being transported. Moreover, it does not take into account pre-treating the surface only in predetermined areas of the product to be coated, resulting in the problem that the coating film formed by partial coating is easily peeled off.

[0008] Therefore, after diligent research, the inventors of the present invention discovered that by performing a uniform and precise honing treatment only on predetermined areas while transporting the product to be painted, problems such as peeling when partial painting is applied on top can be effectively solved, and thus the present invention was completed. In other words, the present invention aims to provide a honing apparatus and a honing method using the same, which can perform honing treatment only on predetermined locations while conveying a workpiece to be painted, thereby uniformly and accurately modifying the surface. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] According to the present invention, a honing apparatus is provided having a belt-shaped transfer member for transporting a workpiece and a honing processing unit for surface-treating a desired position of the workpiece, wherein a hole is provided at a predetermined position of the belt-shaped transfer member for partially accommodating the workpiece and holding it in a state in which the surface-treatment area is exposed, and the honing processing unit is a processing unit for applying a predetermined surface treatment to the surface-treatment area of ​​the workpiece held in the hole, thereby solving the above problem. In other words, with such a honing apparatus, as a pretreatment for partial painting of the workpiece, a belt-shaped transfer member is used to transport the workpiece instead of a masking member, and honing can be performed simply and accurately only on the desired parts. Therefore, in the next step, the workpiece can be partially painted, and the adhesion of the resulting coating can be efficiently improved.

[0010] Furthermore, in constructing the present invention, it is preferable that the belt-shaped transfer member has a driving means for continuously or intermittently transferring the object to be processed. By configuring the system in this way and continuously transporting the workpieces, the honing process can also be performed continuously, which in turn can increase the yield of the workpieces. On the other hand, by intermittently transporting the workpiece, honing preparation and honing can be performed during the intermittent time intervals, allowing for more precise honing.

[0011] Furthermore, in constructing the present invention, it is preferable that the belt-shaped transport member is made of rubber material and core material. This configuration allows the belt-shaped transfer member to exhibit predetermined elasticity and durability, making it easier to hold the workpiece in the hole and to remove the workpiece after surface treatment.

[0012] Furthermore, in constructing the present invention, it is preferable that the planar shape of the hole is circular or elliptical, and that a slit is provided at the edge of the hole. This configuration makes it even easier to hold the workpiece in the holes and to remove the workpiece after surface treatment.

[0013] Furthermore, in constructing the present invention, it is preferable that the belt-shaped transfer member is equipped with a driving means for transferring the workpiece in the horizontal direction, and also has a housing that covers the entire surface treatment area of ​​the workpiece when surface treatment is performed on the workpiece. By configuring it in this way, the predetermined honing process can be performed inside the enclosure, and the scattering of honing material and contaminants from the honed workpiece to the outside can be effectively prevented.

[0014] Furthermore, in constructing the present invention, it is preferable that the surface treatment is a polishing treatment, a predetermined honing material is used, and a recycling section is provided in which the honing material is recovered by a cyclone. This configuration makes it easy to reuse the honing material and allows for more stable honing.

[0015] Furthermore, in constructing the present invention, it is preferable to have a removal device for pressing the object to be processed, which is held in the holes of the belt-shaped transfer member, from one side of the belt-shaped transfer member to remove it from the other side. With this configuration, the honed workpiece can be taken out more easily and quickly.

[0016] Further, another aspect of the present invention is a honing method for partially surface-treating a workpiece, which is characterized by comprising the following steps (1) to (3). (1) A step of holding the workpiece in a state where the surface treatment portion is exposed in a hole provided in a belt-shaped transfer member for transferring the workpiece continuously or intermittently (2) A step of subjecting the surface treatment portion of the workpiece to honing treatment (3) A step of taking out the honed workpiece from the belt-shaped transfer member That is, according to such a honing method, as a pretreatment for partial coating on an object to be coated, the belt-shaped transfer member for transferring the workpiece is used instead of a masking member, and the honing treatment can be performed easily and accurately only on a desired portion. Therefore, in the subsequent step, the workpiece is subjected to a surface treatment such as partial coating, whereby the adhesion of the coating film or the like formed thereby can be efficiently improved. [Brief Description of the Drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a diagram provided for explaining the outline of the honing apparatus of the present invention. [Figure 2] Figures 2(a) to (b) are diagrams provided for explaining an example of the workpiece to be subjected to the honing treatment of the present invention. [Figure 3] Figures 3(a) to (b) are diagrams provided for explaining the outline of the belt-shaped transfer member used in the honing apparatus. [Figure 4] Figures 4(a) to (b) are diagrams provided for explaining a state in which the workpiece is held in the hole of the belt-shaped transfer member with the treated portion exposed. [Figure 5] Figures 5(a) to (b) are diagrams provided for explaining the outline of the honing treatment section in the honing apparatus. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating the outline of the cyclone used to collect the honing material in a honing apparatus. [Figure 7] Figures 7(a) to 7(c) are diagrams illustrating the general structure of the device for removing honed workpieces. [Figure 8] Figures 8(a) and 8(b) are diagrams (photographs: magnification 1x) used to illustrate the workpiece before and after honing. [Figure 9] Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a partial coating apparatus for performing partial coating on a workpiece after honing according to the present invention. [Figure 10] Figure 10 is a diagram provided to illustrate the flow of the honing process. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0018] [First Embodiment] The first embodiment is a honing apparatus 10, as shown in Figure 1, comprising a belt-shaped transfer member 12 for transporting a workpiece (not shown) and a honing processing unit 14 for surface-treating a desired position on the workpiece, wherein a hole (not shown) is provided at a predetermined position on the belt-shaped transfer member 12 for partially accommodating the workpiece and holding it in a state where the surface treatment area is exposed, and the honing processing unit 14 is a processing unit for applying a predetermined surface treatment to the surface treatment area of ​​the workpiece while it is held in the hole. The honing apparatus of the first embodiment will be described in detail below, with reference to the drawings as appropriate.

[0019] 1. Items to be processed (1) Overview Preferably, the workpiece used has parts where honing is not necessary. Specifically, this includes at least one of the following: bolts (including ball studs), nuts, screws, flanges, springs, tools, covers, plates, etc., which are to be partially painted. Furthermore, while there are no particular restrictions on the material of the object to be processed, it is preferable to use metals such as iron, stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloys, and zinc. The reason for this is that by using such materials, it is possible to more accurately distinguish between areas that require surface treatment, such as the joints of each component, and areas that do not require surface treatment. Furthermore, to improve the rust prevention properties of the workpiece, it is even more preferable that a rust-preventive coating made of rust-preventive paint is formed around the workpiece.

[0020] (2) Specific examples Typical examples of objects to be processed include ball studs and nuts. More specifically, the object to be processed is preferably a ball stud 50' used to connect the suspension and stabilizer of an automobile, which requires 360° rotation, as illustrated in Figures 2(a) and 2(b). The reason for this is that by processing the material in this way, force can be transmitted to the stabilizer more effectively without hindering the movement of the automobile's suspension, thereby more effectively suppressing the shaking of the automobile. As shown in Figure 2(a), in the case of such a ball stud 50', it can be considered as being divided into an untreated portion 50a, which is the sliding ball portion where 360° rotation is mainly required, and a treated portion 50b, which is the stud portion where fixability and handling are mainly required.

[0021] Furthermore, although not specifically illustrated, as another example, the object to be processed is preferably the piston of a hydraulic cylinder. The reason for this is that by using this type of workpiece, it becomes easier to perform processes such as honing the shaft portion that transmits the piston's movement, while not honing the head portion, which requires precision for sliding.

[0022] 2. Belt-shaped transfer member (1) Overview As shown in Figures 3(a) to 3(b), the belt-shaped transfer member 12 holds the workpiece 50 by inserting it into the hole 12a, which will be described later, and is a member for separating the areas to which the honing material is sprayed during the honing process between the front side and the back side of the belt-shaped transfer member 12. Specifically, the material of the belt-shaped transfer member is not particularly limited, but it is generally preferable to use rubber material, resin material, cloth material, etc. The reason for this is that using such materials makes processing relatively easy, and allows for easier formation of holes, slits, and other features to match the workpiece, as described later.

[0023] More specifically, it is preferable that the belt-shaped transport member be made of at least one of the following materials: thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), thermoplastic polyolefin (TPU), polyurethane (PUR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), ethylene propylene polymer (EPDM), silicone resin, polypropylene (PP), fluorofilm, canvas belt, etc. This is because it allows for the more effective selection and application of properties such as abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, flexibility, and heat resistance, depending on the material being treated and the environment.

[0024] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3(a), it is preferable that the belt-shaped transport member 12 has an intermediate layer 12c made of a fibrous material as a core material. More specifically, the belt-shaped transfer member preferably has an intermediate layer made of at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, metal fiber, or resin fiber. The reason for this is that having such an intermediate layer allows for improved retention of the workpiece and increased wear resistance against the honing material.

[0025] (2) Form Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4(a), the thickness t1 (mm) of the belt-shaped transfer member 12 is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably in the range of 0.1 to 20 mm. The reason for this is that this thickness improves the retention of the workpiece and more effectively prevents the honing material from leaking out through the gaps. Therefore, it is more preferable that the thickness t1 of the belt-shaped transfer member be within the range of 0.5 to 15 mm, and even more preferable that it be within the range of 1 to 10 mm.

[0026] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4(b), the width W1 (cm) of the belt-shaped transfer member 12 is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably within the range of 5 to 50 cm. The reason for this is that by using this width, honing can be performed more flexibly to match the size of the workpiece. Therefore, it is more preferable that the width W1 of the belt-shaped transport member be within the range of 10 to 40 cm, and even more preferable that it be within the range of 15 to 30 cm.

[0027] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, it is preferable that the belt-shaped transfer member 12 be a loop conveyor that reciprocates vertically. The reason for this configuration is that, for example, the workpiece can be inserted into a belt-shaped transfer member using the upper conveyor, and the honing process can be performed using the lower conveyor, allowing the entire apparatus to be made more compact.

[0028] (3) Hole Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4(a), the hole 12a is a part into which a portion of the object to be processed is inserted, and is also used for transporting the object while gripping it. Specifically, the planar shape of the hole should be such that the object to be processed can be inserted into it, and is usually preferably circular, elliptical, polygonal (for example, 3-12 sides), cylindrical, cross-shaped, or petal-shaped.

[0029] Furthermore, it is preferable that the edges of one or both sides of the hole are chamfered or rounded. The reason for this configuration is that, when inserting or removing an object from the hole, even if it shifts in the planar direction, the chamfered and rounded corners act as guide surfaces, allowing for more efficient insertion. Therefore, it is preferable that at least the side into which the workpiece is inserted is chamfered or has rounded corners. In this case, the size of the chamfer or rounded corner is not particularly limited, but it is generally preferable to have a size in the range of 1 / 12 to 1 / 2 of the thickness t1 of the belt-shaped transport member, more preferably in the range of 1 / 10 to 1 / 3, and even more preferably in the range of 1 / 8 to 1 / 4.

[0030] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4(b), the size D1 (mm) of the hole is not particularly limited, but it is generally preferable to have a value within the range of 3 to 50 mm. The reason for this size is that it allows for more versatile use, adapting to the size of the object being processed. Therefore, it is more preferable to set the size D1 of the hole to a value within the range of 5 to 40 mm, and even more preferable to set it to a value within the range of 10 to 30 mm. If the planar shape of the hole is not circular, the diameter can be calculated using its equivalent circular diameter.

[0031] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4(b), the distance L5 (cm) between one hole 12a and an adjacent hole 12a is preferably determined according to the required cycle time and the transfer speed of the belt-like transfer member, but is usually preferred to be within the range of 5 to 50 cm. The reason for this is that by using this spacing, it is possible to more efficiently prevent contact between objects to be processed that are inserted into adjacent holes when inserting or removing them from the holes. Therefore, it is more preferable to set the spacing L5 of the holes to a value within the range of 10 to 40 cm, and even more preferable to set it to a value within the range of 15 to 30 cm.

[0032] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4(b), it is preferable that a slit 12b is provided at the edge of the hole 12a. The reason for this is that by providing a slit, the object to be processed inserted into the hole can be held stably, and by pressing the object to be processed, the slit opens, allowing for easier discharge. Specifically, it is preferable that the slits are arranged radially at equal intervals relative to the hole.

[0033] Furthermore, the number of slits should be such that the opening can be widened when the material being processed is discharged, and it is generally preferable to have 1 to 12 slits. The reason for this is that by using this number of holes, the strength of the holes can be ensured while allowing the workpiece to be removed from the holes with less force. Therefore, the number of slits is more preferably 2 to 10, and even more preferably 4 to 8.

[0034] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4(b), the length L6 (mm) of the slit 12b is preferably 1 to 12 times the length of the hole. The reason for this is that by using this length, the strength and expansion of the hole can be more easily controlled. Therefore, the length of the slit is more preferably 2 to 10 times the length of the hole, and even more preferably 3 to 8 times.

[0035] Furthermore, it is preferable that a filler is applied to the inner wall of the pore. The reason for this is that the application of the filler reduces friction when inserting the workpiece, and more effectively prevents the honing material from leaking out through the gap between the hole and the workpiece during processing. Specifically, the filler can be made from commonly used materials, and it is generally preferable to use grease (e.g., polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, silicone, fluororesin, etc.), synthetic oil, varnish, petrolatum, etc.

[0036] (4) Driving means Furthermore, it is preferable that the belt-shaped transfer member is equipped with a driving means (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a driving device) for continuously or intermittently transferring the material to be processed. The reason for this is that by incorporating a drive mechanism, it becomes easy to set whether or not intermittent operation is performed, the transfer speed, and other parameters according to the shape and size of the object being processed.

[0037] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the drive unit preferably includes a conveyor roller 13a that operates the belt-shaped transfer member 12, a motor 13b that rotates the conveyor roller 13a, and a control unit (not shown) that determines the movement of the motor. The reason for this configuration is that it allows the belt-shaped transport member to operate more efficiently with a simpler setup.

[0038] Furthermore, it is preferable that the conveyor roller has grooves along its circumference to avoid the workpiece held in the holes. In other words, it is preferable that the structure is such that the workpiece to be processed is transported by a belt-shaped transport member and does not interfere with each other when it passes through the conveyor rollers and is reversed. Therefore, although the shape of the groove is not particularly limited, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape is arc-shaped, polygonal (for example, 3- to 12-sided), etc.

[0039] Furthermore, it is preferable that the control unit in the drive unit has a sensor (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the first sensor) for measuring the position of the hole, either within the honing section described later or in front of the honing section. The reason for this is that having the first sensor makes it easier to transport the workpiece to a predetermined position in the honing section when the system is operating intermittently.

[0040] Furthermore, it is preferable that the control unit in the drive unit has a sensor (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the second sensor) that detects the presence or absence of a workpiece, either within the honing section described later or in front of the honing section. The reason for this is that by having a second sensor, the belt-shaped transport member does not stop in holes where no workpiece is inserted, allowing for more efficient intermittent operation.

[0041] 3. Honing process (1) Overview The honing section is a processing area for applying a predetermined surface treatment to the surface treatment area of ​​an object held in a hole. In particular, it is preferable that the surface treatment be polishing. The reason for this is that by polishing specific areas on the surface of the object to be treated, the adhesion of rust-preventive treatments and paints to the treated areas in subsequent processes can be further improved.

[0042] Specifically, as shown in Figures 5(a) to 5(b), the honing section 14 is preferably configured to polish predetermined areas on the surface of the workpiece 50 by spraying honing material onto the workpiece 50 that has been transported by the belt-shaped transport member 12. In other words, as shown in Figures 5(a) to (b), the honing section 14 preferably includes a housing 14a that prevents the blown honing material from scattering into the surroundings, and a honing nozzle 14b that blows out the honing material. The reason for this configuration is that it allows the honing material to be sprayed onto the workpiece efficiently, enabling the process to be completed in a shorter time.

[0043] (2) Honing material Furthermore, the honing material can be made from generally known materials, and it is preferable that it usually contains glass particles, zircon particles, alumina particles, silicon carbide particles, melamine resin particles, nylon resin particles, etc. The reason for this is that by using such materials, the surface can be polished with high precision, thereby increasing the strength of the rust prevention treatment in subsequent processes. Therefore, while it is preferable to use one type of honing material, it is also preferable to use a mixture of multiple types (for example, 2 to 5 types) depending on the shape of the workpiece.

[0044] Furthermore, although the particle shape of the honing material is not particularly limited, it is generally preferable that it be spherical, acute-angled, polyhedral, cylindrical, or flaky. The reason for this is that this particle shape makes it easier to spray the honing material even into narrow gaps.

[0045] Furthermore, although the average particle size of the honing material is not particularly limited, it is generally preferable to have a value in the range of 50 to 500 μm. The reason for this is that by using such an average particle size, the particles can penetrate into narrow gaps in the workpiece, and even relatively large irregularities can be polished with higher precision. Therefore, it is more preferable to set the average particle size of the honing material to a value within the range of 100 to 350 μm, and even more preferable to set it to a value within the range of 150 to 250 μm. In the case of honing material that is not spherical, it can be calculated using the equivalent diameter of a sphere.

[0046] Furthermore, while it is preferable to determine the Vickers hardness of the honing material according to the material of the workpiece, it is generally preferable to set it to a value within the range of 300 to 2500 HV. The reason for this is that by using this Vickers hardness, the surface can be polished with higher precision without damaging the workpiece. Therefore, it is more preferable to set the Vickers hardness of the honing material to a value in the range of 400 to 1500 HV, and even more preferable to set it to a value in the range of 500 to 1000 HV.

[0047] (3) Honing nozzle Furthermore, the shape of the honing nozzle is preferably determined according to the shape of the workpiece, but is generally preferred to be cylindrical, conical, polygonal prism (for example, 3-12 sides), or a polygonal pyramidal shape. The reason for this is that this shape allows the honing material to be sprayed onto the workpiece more efficiently.

[0048] Furthermore, while the projection method for the honing material is preferably determined according to the shape and material of the workpiece, it is generally preferable to use an impeller system that uses a blade to deliver the honing material, a suction system that supplies compressed air and honing material separately, mixes them, and sprays them, or a direct pressure system that supplies and delivers the honing material through an air passage. The reason for this is that this method allows for a more stable amount of honing material to be sprayed onto the workpiece.

[0049] Furthermore, while the spraying time for the honing material should preferably be determined according to the shape and material of the workpiece, it is generally preferable to set it within the range of 1 to 30 seconds. The reason for this is that by allocating this amount of time, the honing material can be efficiently sprayed onto the workpiece, allowing the process to be completed in a shorter time. Therefore, it is more preferable to set the spraying time of the honing material to a value within the range of 2 to 20 seconds, and even more preferable to set it to a value within the range of 3 to 10 seconds.

[0050] Furthermore, while the spraying pressure of the honing material should preferably be determined according to the shape and material of the workpiece, it is generally preferable to set it to a value within the range of 0.1 to 1 MPa. The reason for this is that by applying this pressure, it is possible to polish the workpiece with higher precision without damaging it. Therefore, it is more preferable to set the spraying pressure of the honing material to a value within the range of 0.2 to 0.8 MPa, and even more preferable to set it to a value within the range of 0.3 to 0.6 MPa. When using a low-pressure blower, the value is preferably in the range of 10 to 100 kPa, more preferably in the range of 30 to 80 kPa, and even more preferably in the range of 40 to 60 kPa.

[0051] (4) Enclosure Furthermore, it is preferable that the honing unit has a housing that completely covers the surface treatment area of ​​the workpiece when surface treating the workpiece. Specifically, the housing is preferably a box-shaped member positioned below the belt-shaped transport member at a predetermined distance in close proximity. The reason for this configuration is that it allows for a simpler structure and enables honing without scattering the honing material to the outside. Therefore, it is preferable to have a first opening as an entrance for guiding the transported workpiece into the interior of the enclosure, and a second opening as an exit for sending the processed workpiece out of the enclosure.

[0052] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 5(a) to (b), it is preferable that the housing 14a has shutters 14g and 14g' that open and close vertically or horizontally when it has a first opening 15a and a second opening 15b. The reason for this is that it more effectively prevents the honing material from scattering through each opening.

[0053] (5) Rotating support part Furthermore, as shown in Figure 5(b), it is preferable that the honing section 14 has a rotating support section 14k that, during the honing process, grips the workpiece 50 exposed above the belt-shaped transfer member 12 and rotates the workpiece 50 laterally so that the honing material is sprayed all around the workpiece 50. The reason for this is that having a rotating support section stabilizes the workpiece during the honing process, and even if multiple honing nozzles are not provided, it is possible to perform a more uniform honing process around the entire circumference of the workpiece.

[0054] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5(b), the rotating support section 14k is preferably configured to support the workpiece 50 by sandwiching it between a nip roller 14d that can rotate along a horizontal plane and a resin block 14e. The reason for this configuration is that, by rotating the nip roller while the workpiece is held in place, the workpiece can be rotated along the horizontal plane while remaining in the hole. Therefore, it is preferable that the nip roller and the resin block are arranged separately on the left and right sides in the transport direction of the belt-shaped transport member, and that when the workpiece reaches the space between the nip roller and the resin block, both members approach each other to sandwich the workpiece.

[0055] Furthermore, it is preferable that the resin block has polygonal or arc-shaped recesses at the portion that comes into contact with the workpiece. The reason for this is that by forming a recess that matches the planar shape of the outer edge of the object to be processed, the object can be made to make more stable contact with the processing surface.

[0056] (6) Honing conditions Furthermore, the cycle time of the honing machine is preferably determined according to the size of the product and the degree of honing, but it is generally preferable to set it to a value within the range of 3 to 30 seconds. The reason for this is that by using such a cycle time, the honing process can be performed more stably and without unevenness in the processing. Therefore, the cycle time of the drive unit is more preferably in the range of 4 to 20 seconds, and even more preferably in the range of 5 to 10 seconds.

[0057] Furthermore, while the transfer speed of the belt-shaped transfer member in the honing apparatus is preferably determined according to the spacing of the holes and the required cycle time, it is generally preferable to set it to a value within the range of 2 to 20 m / min. The reason for this is that by using such a transfer speed, it is possible to more effectively prevent unevenness or deficiencies in the honing process. Therefore, it is more preferable to set the transfer speed of the belt-shaped transfer member to a value within the range of 3 to 15 m / min, and even more preferable to set it to a value within the range of 4 to 10 m / min.

[0058] Furthermore, while it is preferable to determine the rotational speed of the workpiece by the rotating support section according to the transfer speed of the belt-shaped transfer member, it is generally preferable to set the value within the range of 30 to 180 revolutions per minute. The reason for this is that by using this rotation speed, the honing process can be performed more stably and without unevenness in the processing. Therefore, it is more preferable to set the rotation speed of the workpiece by the rotating support to a value within the range of 40 to 150 revolutions per minute, and even more preferable to set it to a value within the range of 60 to 120 revolutions per minute.

[0059] 4. Recycling Department (1) Overview The honing apparatus of the present invention preferably includes a recycling section that recovers the honing material sprayed onto the workpiece using a cyclone. The reason for this is that it allows for easy reuse of the honing material and enables more stable honing.

[0060] (2) Honing material recovery section As shown in Figures 5(a) to 5(b), the honing material recovery section 14c is the part that receives the honing material that falls after the workpiece has been sprayed, and collects it in a hose 16a connected to the cyclone 16. Specifically, the honing material recovery section is preferably located below the housing in the honing processing section and includes a hopper connected as part of the housing. The reason for this configuration is that it allows the honing material that is sprayed and falls down, along with the polishing debris generated from the workpiece during the honing process, to be collected together and sent to the pipe leading to the cyclone in the next process.

[0061] (3) Cyclone The cyclone selectively separates and recovers only the blast material with a particle size above a predetermined value from the recovered blast material and polishing debris using airflow. Specifically, as shown in Figure 6, the cyclone 16 preferably includes a hose 16a for collecting the recovered honing material and polishing debris, a dust suction pipe 32 that sucks up materials other than the honing material to be reused by suctioning towards side B, a swirling section 16d which is inverted cone-shaped and drops the material while rotating as shown by side A, a storage section 16b for accumulating the fallen honing material, and a supply pipe 16c for sending the honing material to the honing nozzle. In other words, it is preferable that the honing material and abrasive debris with particle sizes below a predetermined value are collected from the top of the cyclone into a dust box by airflow, due to their light weight. On the other hand, if the honing material has a particle size greater than a predetermined value, it is preferable that it falls due to its weight without being affected by wind force and is separated and recovered. Furthermore, it is preferable that the honing material having a particle size greater than or equal to a predetermined value, which has been separated and recovered, is sent to a honing nozzle by a pumping means or the like (not shown in the figure) and reused in the honing process.

[0062] (4) Antistatic treatment Furthermore, it is preferable that the recycling section is equipped with an anti-static treatment unit that prevents static electricity buildup in the recovered materials by supplying a predetermined amount of water to the recovered honing material and abrasive debris. Specifically, the antistatic processing unit preferably includes a water supply device and a spray nozzle. The reason for this configuration is that it prevents the collected materials from clumping together due to static electricity, making separation by cyclone easier.

[0063] Furthermore, while such a water supply device is not particularly limited, it is generally preferable to have at least one of the following: an electric heating type steam device, an ultrasonic type steam device, a blower type vaporizer, a spray device, a mist supply device, etc. The reason for this configuration is that it allows for easy supply of water to the collected material, thereby more effectively preventing static electricity buildup.

[0064] 5. Device for removing processed material The honing apparatus of the present invention preferably includes a removal device for removing the honed workpiece from the belt-shaped transfer member. The reason for this configuration is that it allows for faster transport of the processed material to the next step.

[0065] Specifically, the extraction device is preferably a robotic arm for pulling out the workpiece, a picking robot, a vacuum device, or a pusher for pushing out the workpiece. The reason for this configuration is that, even with a simple setup, the processed material can be removed more quickly.

[0066] Furthermore, it is preferable that the removal device is configured to remove the workpiece, which is held in the hole after the honing process, by pressing it from one side of the belt-shaped transfer member to the other side. Specifically, as shown in Figures 7(a) to 7(c), the removal device 18 preferably includes a pusher 18a that extends and retracts to press the workpiece 50 transferred from the honing section from above, a rubber head 18b attached to the tip of the piston of the pusher, and a receiving section 18c that receives the extruded workpiece 50 below. The reason for this configuration is that it allows for faster removal of the processed items, thereby shortening the cycle time.

[0067] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 7(c), the receiving portion 18c is not particularly limited as long as it can catch the falling object to be processed, such as a basket, bag, slide, belt conveyor, or case, but it is preferable that it be configured to slide down to a predetermined location using a slide. The reason for this is that by using a slide in this way, objects can be transported to their designated location more quickly by gravity, without the need for power.

[0068] Figures 8(a) and 8(b) show photographs of the ball stud before and after honing. As can be seen from these photographs, before honing, the screw threads for fixing the screws have a darkened and rough surface, whereas after honing, the screw threads for fixing the screws become glossy and smooth.

[0069] 6. Conveying device (1) Conveying device from the previous process Furthermore, it is preferable that the honing apparatus of the present invention includes a conveying device (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the first conveying device) that inserts the workpiece, which has been conveyed from a process preceding the honing apparatus, into the holes of a belt-shaped conveying member. The reason for this is that by equipping the device with this first conveying mechanism, the workpiece can be inserted into the hole more quickly and without damaging it. Therefore, the first conveying device is not particularly limited, but is preferably a robot arm, picking robot, vacuum device, parts feeder, belt conveyor, etc.

[0070] (2) Conveyor to subsequent processes Furthermore, it is preferable that the honing apparatus of the present invention is equipped with a conveying device (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a second conveying device) for conveying the processed workpiece to a subsequent process. The reason for this is that by providing a second conveying device, the processed materials can be transported to the next process more quickly without damaging them. Therefore, the second conveying device is not particularly limited, but is preferably a robot arm, picking robot, vacuum device, parts feeder, belt conveyor, etc.

[0071] 7. Partial painting equipment Furthermore, it is preferable that the honing apparatus of the present invention is equipped with a partial coating apparatus downstream of the honing apparatus for partially coating the processed workpiece. The reason for this is that by equipping the system with a partial painting device, the process from honing to partial painting can be carried out seamlessly. Furthermore, it eliminates the need to store honing treatments as inventory, allowing for a more compact overall system, including the partial painting equipment.

[0072] Specifically, as shown in Figure 9, the partial painting apparatus 40 comprises a paint tank 41, a vertically movable immersion tank 42, a long suspension jig 43, and a suspension member 44. Preferably, the suspension jig 43 is suspended from the suspension member 44 so as to be rotatable with its long axis as the axis of rotation, and the suspension member 44 is configured to be rotatable with its vertical axis as the axis of rotation. The reason for this is that, even without using masking materials, paint can be applied more efficiently to the honed surface. However, the partial painting apparatus is not limited to the partial painting apparatus 40 illustrated in Figure 9, and can be modified as appropriate. Therefore, it is also preferable to perform partial painting by spray painting or dipping painting using a masking member.

[0073] [Second Embodiment] The second embodiment is a honing method for partially surface-treating an object to be treated, characterized by having the following steps (1) to (3). (1) A step of holding the object to be processed in a belt-shaped transport member for continuously or intermittently transporting the object, with the surface treatment area exposed in the holes provided in the belt-shaped transport member (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the first step). (2) A step of honing the surface treatment area of ​​the workpiece (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the second step). (3) The process of removing the honed workpiece from the belt-shaped transport member (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the third process).

[0074] 1. First process The first step is to hold the workpiece in a state where the surface treatment area is exposed to holes provided in a belt-shaped transfer member for continuously or intermittently transporting the workpiece, as shown by reference numeral S2 in Figure 10. Specifically, it is preferable to insert the object to be treated into the hole from above the belt-shaped transfer member so that the surface treatment area is exposed upwards. The reason for this is that the workpiece, transported by the belt-shaped transfer member, is inverted vertically by the loop conveyor, making it easier to orient the surface treatment area towards the honing treatment area located below. In this case, as shown by reference numeral S1 in Figure 10, it is preferable to either transport the workpiece to be processed from the preceding process to the honing apparatus in advance, or to insert it into the hole as part of a continuous flow from the preceding process.

[0075] Furthermore, when inserting the workpiece into the hole, it is preferable to do so automatically using a first conveying device such as a robotic arm, picking robot, vacuum device, or parts feeder. The reason for this is that it allows the workpiece to be inserted into the hole more quickly and without damaging it.

[0076] Furthermore, inserting the object to be processed into the hole can also be done manually. The reason for this is that it allows for visual inspection during insertion, making it easier to prevent the material being transported without being properly inserted into the hole.

[0077] Furthermore, it is preferable to insert the object to be processed into the hole at intervals of 3 to 30 seconds. The reason for this is that the workpieces can be supplied in accordance with the cycle time, allowing for more efficient honing. Therefore, it is more preferable to insert the workpieces at intervals of 4 to 20 seconds, and even more preferable to insert them at intervals of 5 to 10 seconds.

[0078] Furthermore, as shown by reference numeral S3 in Figure 10, it is preferable to insert the object to be processed into the hole while continuously or intermittently driving the belt-shaped transfer member. The reason for this is that by driving it in this way, the opening can always be positioned in an open state relative to the location where the workpiece is supplied, allowing for more efficient supply of the workpiece. Furthermore, it allows for more efficient transfer of the workpiece inserted into the hole to the honing section. Therefore, although not particularly limited, the transfer speed of the belt-shaped transfer member is usually preferably in the range of 2 to 20 m / min, more preferably in the range of 3 to 15 m / min, and even more preferably in the range of 4 to 10 m / min.

[0079] 2. Second process The second step is to selectively perform honing on the surface treatment area of ​​the workpiece, as shown by reference numeral S4 in Figure 10. Specifically, it is preferable to polish predetermined areas on the surface of the workpiece by spraying a honing material onto the workpiece that has been transported by a belt-shaped transport member. An example of the second step is described below.

[0080] First, it is preferable to drive a belt-shaped transfer member to transfer the workpiece inserted into the hole into the housing of the honing section. Next, it is preferable to temporarily stop the belt-shaped transfer member once the object to be processed has been transferred to a predetermined position. Next, it is preferable to spray the honing material onto the surface treatment area of ​​the workpiece from a direction perpendicular to the transport direction for a predetermined time. Next, it is preferable to restart the belt-shaped transfer member to discharge the processed workpiece from the housing. The reason for this is that by performing the process in this manner, honing can be carried out more quickly and with higher precision on the workpiece.

[0081] Furthermore, it is preferable to include a step in which the position of the hole is detected by a first sensor inside or in front of the housing, and the driving of the belt-shaped transport member is stopped when the hole is transported to a predetermined position. The reason for this is that by doing so, the workpiece can be stopped precisely within the enclosure, and the honing material can be sprayed onto the workpiece more efficiently.

[0082] Furthermore, it is preferable to include a step in which a second sensor detects whether the object to be processed is inserted into the hole inside or in front of the housing, and if it is not inserted, the object is allowed to pass through. The reason for this is that the belt-shaped transport member does not stop in holes where no workpiece is inserted, allowing for more efficient intermittent operation.

[0083] Furthermore, when performing honing on a workpiece, it is preferable to sandwich the workpiece, which is exposed above the belt-shaped transfer member, and to perform the process while rotating the workpiece laterally. The reason for this is that by performing the process in this manner, the honing treatment can be applied more uniformly to the entire circumference of the workpiece. Therefore, when performing honing on a workpiece, it is preferable to include a step of supporting the workpiece by sandwiching it between a nip roller that can rotate along a horizontal plane and a resin block, and rotating the nip roller to rotate the workpiece along the horizontal plane.

[0084] Furthermore, it is preferable that the spraying time and spraying pressure of the honing material be carried out within the range basically described in the first embodiment. The reason for this is that by using these processing conditions, the honing material can be efficiently sprayed onto the workpiece, allowing the process to be completed in a shorter time.

[0085] 3. Third process The third step is to remove the honed workpiece from the belt-shaped transfer member, as shown by reference numeral S5 in Figure 10. Specifically, it is preferable to include a step in which the workpiece transferred from the honing section is pressed from above by a pusher, and the extruded workpiece is received below by a receiving section. The reason for this is that it allows for faster retrieval and a shorter cycle time. An example of the third step is described below.

[0086] First, it is preferable to drive the belt-shaped transfer member to transport the honed workpiece to the location of the workpiece removal device. Next, it is preferable to extend the air cylinder located above the belt-shaped transfer member and press the rubber head attached to the tip of the piston against the workpiece. Next, it is preferable to press the workpiece with the rubber head to widen the holes and slits of the belt-shaped transfer member through the workpiece. Finally, it is preferable to push the workpiece out of the hole and drop it into the receiving section provided below. The reason for this is that by doing so, the processed materials can be removed more quickly, thereby shortening the cycle time.

[0087] Furthermore, it is preferable to include a step in which the receiving portion is used as a slide, and the falling object to be processed slides down at a right angle to the transport direction of the belt-shaped transport member. The reason for this is that gravity allows for faster transport to the designated location without the need for power.

[0088] Furthermore, as shown by reference numeral S6 in Figure 10, it is preferable to include a step of transporting the workpiece dropped into the receiving section to a subsequent process using a second transport device. The reason for this is that it allows the processed material to be transported to the next process more quickly without damaging it. in particular,

[0089] 4. Inspection Process (1) Inspection process 1 Furthermore, it is preferable to include an inspection step in which laser microscope images are taken of the surface-treated areas of the workpiece to check whether any burrs or protrusions remain on the surface. However, it is not always necessary to inspect all items using laser microscopy; for example, it is preferable to inspect only 1 / 10,000 to 1 / 100 of the items. The reason for this is that microscopic inspection allows for periodic verification of whether settings such as processing time are appropriate, enabling more precise honing.

[0090] (2) Inspection process 2 Furthermore, it is preferable to include an inspection step in which the arithmetic mean roughness Ra (μm) of the surface-treated portion of the workpiece is measured in accordance with JIS B 0601:2013. Specifically, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 50 μm, more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 30 μm, and even more preferably in the range of 1 to 10 μm. The reason for this is that by measuring the arithmetic mean roughness, it becomes possible to quantitatively inspect the degree of honing, allowing for more precise honing.

[0091] 5. Other processes Preferably, one of the subsequent processes includes, for example, a step of applying partial coating to the surface-treated areas of the removed workpiece. The reason for this is that partial painting can be applied immediately after honing, which more effectively prevents subsequent damage to the treated surface, such as scratches or the adhesion of impurities. Therefore, it is preferable to apply rust-preventive paint as a partial coating to the surface-treated areas, while not applying rust-preventive paint to the other areas. [Examples]

[0092] [Example 1] 1. Preparation of the material to be processed A galvanized steel ball stud was prepared as the workpiece, with an overall length of 65 mm, a fixing screw groove length of 30 mm, a screw diameter of M9, and a ball diameter of 18 mm. At this time, the diameter of the flange portion of the ball stud was 18 mm.

[0093] 2. First process Next, the prepared ball studs were inserted into and held in place by a rubber belt-shaped transport member with a width of 20 cm, a thickness of 10 mm, a hole size of 12 mm, a slit length of 50 mm, and four slits, using glass fiber as the core material. At this time, the ball stud was manually inserted into the hole, exposing the screw thread portion for fixing it from above.

[0094] 3. Second process Next, the belt-shaped transfer member was operated intermittently. Specifically, the belt-shaped transfer member was driven at 9 m / min, the ball stud was stopped at the honing section, and then rotated in place at a rotational speed of 60 revolutions per minute by the rotational support section. Then, glass particles, which are honing material with an average particle size of 200 μm and a Vickers hardness of 500 HV, were sprayed onto the screw groove portion of the fixing mechanism exposed from the belt-shaped transfer member at a pressure of 0.5 MPa for 7 to 10 seconds (average 8.5 seconds) using a suction method. At this time, the takt time was 12 seconds.

[0095] 4. Third step Next, the belt-shaped transfer member was driven to transport the honed ball studs to the workpiece removal device. Then, a rubber head attached to the tip of the air cylinder's piston pressed down on the ball portion of the ball stud inserted into the hole from above, causing it to drop down the slide below and be removed.

[0096] 5. Partial painting Next, rust-preventive paint was applied to the surface-treated areas of the removed ball stud, and the area was partially painted so that only the screw threads for fixing the ball stud were treated with rust-preventive paint.

[0097] 6. Evaluation of honing treatment and evaluation of partial painting (1) Evaluation 1 (Microscope observation) The surface treatment areas of the ball studs, after honing and before partial application of rust inhibitor, were observed using a laser microscope at a magnification of 1000x and evaluated according to the following criteria. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1. ◎: The entire surface is extremely smooth. ○: Generally smooth. △: Some parts are smooth. ×: There are almost no smooth areas.

[0098] (2) Evaluation 2 (Tactile Test) The surface treatment areas of the ball studs, after honing and before partial application of rust inhibitor, were evaluated by touch with bare hands according to the following criteria. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1. ◎: It has a very smooth feel. ○: Generally has a smooth feel. △: It has a slightly rough texture. ×: It has a rough texture.

[0099] (3) Evaluation 3 (Visual inspection) The surface treatment areas of the ball studs after partial application of rust inhibitor were visually inspected, and the condition of the coating was observed and evaluated according to the following criteria. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1. ◎: The paint finish is very uniform. ○: The paint finish is generally uniform. △: The paint finish is uneven in some areas. ×: The paint job is uneven in most areas.

[0100] (4) Evaluation 4 (Abrasion resistance test) The surface treatment area of ​​a ball stud, after partial application of rust inhibitor, was wrapped in cotton cloth. The ball stud was then rotated back and forth 100 times, and the coating was observed and evaluated according to the following criteria. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1. ◎: Even after rubbing it more than 500 times, no paint peeling or other damage was observed. ○: After rubbing 300-500 times, slight paint peeling was observed. △: After rubbing 100-300 times, slight paint peeling or other damage was observed. ×: Paint peeling and other damage were observed after fewer than 100 rubs.

[0101] [Example 2] In Example 2, the honing treatment of a ball stud was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the spraying time of the honing material during the honing treatment was set to 5 seconds, and the results were evaluated. The evaluation results obtained are shown in Table 1.

[0102] [Example 3] In Example 3, the honing treatment of a ball stud was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the spraying time of the honing material during the honing treatment was set to 30 seconds, and the results were evaluated. The evaluation results obtained are shown in Table 1.

[0103] [Example 4] In Example 4, the honing treatment of ball studs was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the type of honing material used was changed to zircon particles with an average particle size of 200 μm and a Vickers hardness of 700 HV. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

[0104] [Comparative Example 1] Comparative Example 1 was evaluated in the same manner as Example 1, except that honing treatment was not performed.

[0105] [Comparative Example 2] As Comparative Example 2, the honing treatment of a ball stud was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the spraying time of the honing material during the honing treatment was set to 50 seconds, and then evaluated. The evaluation results obtained are shown in Table 1.

[0106] [Table 1] [Industrial applicability]

[0107] According to the honing apparatus and honing method of the present invention, by performing uniform and precise honing only on predetermined locations while continuously or intermittently conveying the workpiece to be painted, it is possible to effectively solve problems such as peeling when partial painting is applied on top of the workpiece. Therefore, using ball studs as a typical example, when manufacturing workpieces that require partial and precise coating, the adhesion of the coating can be significantly improved by a simple and efficient honing process. Therefore, it is expected to significantly contribute to expanding product applications, improving manufacturing quality, and further increasing manufacturing efficiency. [Explanation of symbols]

[0108] 10: Honing device 12: Belt-shaped transfer member 12a: Hole 12b: Slit 12c: middle class 13a: Conveyor roller 14: Honing process 14a: Enclosure 14b: Honing nozzle 14c: Recovery section 14d: Nipple Roller 14e: Resin block 14g, 14g': Shutter 14k: Rotating support part 15a: 1st opening 15b: 2nd opening 16: Cyclone 18: Extraction device 18a: Pusher 18b: Rubber head 18c: Receiving part 40: Partial painting equipment 50: Items to be processed 50': Ball stud 50a: Untreated areas 50b: Line surface processing location

Claims

1. A honing apparatus comprising a belt-shaped transfer member for transporting a workpiece, and a honing processing unit for surface-treating a desired position on the workpiece, The belt-shaped transport member is provided with holes at predetermined positions for partially containing the object to be processed and holding it in a state where the surface treatment area is exposed. A honing apparatus characterized in that the honing processing section is a processing section for applying a predetermined surface treatment to the surface treatment portion of the workpiece, which is held in the hole portion.

2. The honing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the belt-shaped transfer member has a driving means for continuously or intermittently transferring the workpiece to be processed.

3. The honing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the belt-shaped transfer member is made of a rubber material and a core material.

4. The honing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the planar shape of the hole is circular or elliptical, and a slit is provided on the edge of the hole.

5. The honing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the belt-shaped transfer member is equipped with a driving means for transferring the workpiece in a horizontal direction, and has a housing that covers the entire surface treatment area of ​​the workpiece when surface treating the workpiece.

6. The honing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the surface treatment is a polishing treatment, a predetermined honing material is used, and a recycling unit is provided for recovering the honing material by a cyclone.

7. The honing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a removal device for pressing the workpiece held in the hole of the belt-shaped transfer member from one side of the belt-shaped transfer member to remove it from the opposite side.

8. A honing method for partially surface-treating an object to be treated, characterized by comprising the following steps (1) to (3). (1) A step of holding the object to be processed in a belt-shaped transport member for continuously or intermittently transporting the object to be processed, with the surface treatment area exposed in a hole provided in the belt-shaped transport member. (2) A step of honing the surface treatment area of ​​the workpiece. (3) Step of removing the honed workpiece from the belt-shaped transfer member.

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