Siphon drainage system

Abstract

To provide an elbow that allows rainwater to flow smoothly. [Solution] The elbow 114 according to the present invention is an elbow installed downstream of a siphon rain gutter system which comprises a gutter and a siphon generating section that has a cylindrical section that penetrates a water collection port formed on the bottom surface of the gutter and generates a siphon phenomenon, and comprises a curved pipe section and receiving openings provided at both ends of the curved pipe section, wherein the radius of curvature of the inner wall surface on the inner circumference side of the curved pipe section, when viewed in cross-section in a plane including the pipe axis of the curved pipe section, is greater than 64 mm and less than 100 mm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a siphon drainage system.

Background Art

[0002] In general, buildings are provided with rain gutters for receiving rainwater flowing down from the roof and guiding it to the ground. A rain gutter is configured by combining a plurality of members such as an eaves gutter, a water collector, a nipple gutter, a downspout, a connecting pipe, an elbow joint, and a tee joint (hereinafter, the respective joints are simply referred to as an elbow and a tee). In recent years, in order to improve the drainage capacity of rain gutters, a siphon rain gutter system has been proposed, which generates a water suction action (so-called siphon phenomenon) by filling the inside of the downspout with water, thereby dramatically increasing the drainage volume.

[0003] For example, in the siphon-type rainwater drainage device disclosed in Patent Document 1, the upper end of a siphon pipe is connected to the bottom of the eaves gutter attached to the eaves edge. This siphon pipe is provided in the vertical direction along the outer wall material of the house, and has a diameter of 3 to 13 cm 2 opening area.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] In the siphon rain gutter system, at the portion where rainwater is changed from vertical flow to horizontal flow (or the portion where rainwater is changed from horizontal flow to vertical flow), an elbow is used as a joint for connecting various gutters and connecting members to each other. As conventionally standardized elbows, for example, a 90-degree bent elbow (so-called DL) is available.

[0006] However, the radius of curvature of the inner wall of the 90° bend elbow is 0 mm, and the inner wall is formed at a right angle. Therefore, when using a 90° bend elbow in a siphon gutter system, there was a problem that the flow velocity of rainwater decreased at the right-angled inner wall. Also, when draining rainwater vertically and horizontally, if the downpipes and vertical pipes were too short, there was a problem that the flow velocity of rainwater would decrease. When the flow velocity of rainwater decreases, the drainage capacity of the siphon gutter system decreases, and rainwater may overflow from the siphon generation section that generates the siphon effect in the gutter.

[0007] This invention has been made in view of the above circumstances and provides an elbow and siphon downspout system that allows rainwater to flow smoothly. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The present invention relates to an elbow installed downstream of a siphon rain gutter system, which comprises a gutter and a siphon generating section having a cylindrical portion that penetrates a water collection port formed on the bottom surface of the gutter and generates a siphon phenomenon, and is characterized in that it comprises a curved pipe portion and receiving ports provided at both ends of the curved pipe portion, and in the curved pipe portion, when viewed in cross-section in a plane including the pipe axis of the curved pipe portion, the radius of curvature of the inner wall surface on the inner circumference side is greater than 64 mm and less than 100 mm.

[0009] By using the elbow described above, rainwater flowing in from one end of the elbow does not get stuck on the inner wall on the inner circumference side, and the flow velocity of the rainwater does not decrease at the inner wall. Therefore, the rainwater flows smoothly toward the other end of the elbow.

[0010] The elbow of the present invention has an opening area of ​​50 cm² in the curved section. 2 That's fine too.

[0011] The aforementioned elbow has a large opening area in the hollow section of the curved pipe through which rainwater flows. Even when applied to non-residential buildings with a large roof area, rainwater flowing in from one of the elbow's receiving openings does not stagnate on the inner wall on the inner circumferential side, and the flow velocity of the rainwater does not decrease at the inner wall.

[0012] The siphon gutter system of the present invention is a siphon gutter system comprising the above-described elbows as a first elbow and a second elbow, wherein one end of the first elbow is connected to the downstream side of the upstream section of the gutter having the siphon generating section, one end of a connecting pipe for horizontally draining rainwater flowing down the first elbow is connected to the other end of the first elbow, one end of the second elbow is connected to the other end of the connecting pipe, one end of a downpipe for vertically draining rainwater flowing down the second elbow is connected to the other end of the second elbow, the other end of the downpipe is connected to a drainage mechanism having a width greater than the downpipe, the length of the connecting pipe is greater than 0m and within 2.0m, and the length of the downpipe is 2.0m or more.

[0013] According to the siphon gutter system described above, when rainwater flows into the curved section from one end of the first elbow, which is connected to the upstream section of the gutter, in a full state due to the siphon phenomenon generated at the siphon generation section, the rainwater does not stagnate on the inner circumferential surface of the inner wall, but flows smoothly toward the gutter and the section downstream of the gutter. Furthermore, by ensuring that the radius of curvature of the curved sections of the first and second elbows, and the flow distance of the horizontally flowing rainwater and the flow distance of the vertically flowing rainwater are within the above range, the siphon action from the siphon generation section to the downstream end of the downpipe is less likely to be interrupted and is maintained well. As a result, the rainwater that flows from the siphon generation section into the first elbow does not stagnate on the inner wall surface of the joint or gutter member, and the flow velocity of the rainwater does not decrease at the inner wall.

[0014] The siphon gutter system of the present invention is a siphon gutter system comprising the above-described elbows as a first elbow and a second elbow, wherein one end of the first elbow is connected to the downstream side of the upstream section of the gutter having the siphon generating section, one end of a connecting pipe for horizontally draining rainwater flowing down the first elbow is connected to the other end of the first elbow, one end of the second elbow is connected to the other end of the connecting pipe, one end of a downpipe for vertically draining rainwater flowing down the second elbow is connected to the other end of the second elbow, the other end of the downpipe is connected to a drainage mechanism, a confluence pipe intersects the downpipe at one or more confluence positions between one end and the other end of the downpipe, the length of the connecting pipe is greater than 0m and within 1.0m, and the distance between one end of the downpipe and the upstreammost confluence position is 2.0m or more.

[0015] According to the siphon gutter system described above, when rainwater flows into the curved section from one end of the first elbow, which is connected to the upstream section of the gutter, in a full state due to the siphon phenomenon generated at the siphon generation section, the rainwater does not stagnate on the inner circumferential surface of the inner wall, but flows smoothly toward the gutter and the section downstream of the gutter. Furthermore, by ensuring that the radius of curvature of the curved sections of the first and second elbows, the flow distance of the horizontally flowing rainwater, and the flow distance from the upstream end of the downpipe to the upstreammost confluence point are within the above range, the siphon action from the siphon generation section to the downstream end of the downpipe is less likely to be interrupted and is maintained well. As a result, the rainwater that flows from the siphon generation section into the first elbow does not stagnate on the inner wall surface of the joint or gutter member, and the flow velocity of the rainwater does not decrease at the inner wall.

[0016] In the siphon rain gutter system according to the present invention, the siphon generating unit is a cover member positioned above the bottom surface of the eaves gutter so as to cover the opening of the water collection port formed on the bottom surface of the eaves gutter when viewed from above, and the first elbow may be connected to the water collection port.

[0017] According to the above configuration, rainwater collected at the water inlet by the gutter is guided between the bottom surface of the gutter and the top surface of the cover member, and flows into the water inlet and the first elbow in a full state, so the siphon effect occurs effectively. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] According to the elbow and the siphon rain gutter system of the present invention, rainwater can be made to flow down smoothly. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] [Figure 1] It is a cross-sectional view of the siphon rain gutter system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a siphon drain member that can be installed at the water collection port of the siphon rain gutter system shown in Figure 1. [Figure 3] It is another cross-sectional view showing an example of the siphon drain member that can be installed at the water collection port of the siphon rain gutter system shown in Figure 1. [Figure 4] It is a cross-sectional view of the elbow of the siphon rain gutter system shown in Figure 1. [Figure 5] It is a cross-sectional view of the other end of the vertical downspout of the siphon rain gutter system shown in Figure 1, the drainage mechanism, and the configuration therebetween. [Figure 6] It is a cross-sectional view of another elbow of the siphon rain gutter system shown in Figure 1. [Figure 7] It is a cross-sectional view of a modified example of the other end of the vertical downspout of the siphon rain gutter system shown in Figure 1, the drainage mechanism, and the configuration therebetween. [Figure 8] It is a cross-sectional view of a part of the configuration shown in Figure 7, viewed along the D2 direction and from the downstream side toward the upstream side. [Figure 9] It is a plan view of a part of the configuration shown in Figure 7. [Figure 10] It is a cross-sectional view showing the flow of rainwater in the siphon rain gutter system shown in Figure 1. [Figure 11] It is a cross-sectional view showing the flow of rainwater in the siphon rain gutter system shown in Figure 1. [Figure 12] It is a cross-sectional view showing the flow of rainwater in the siphon rain gutter system shown in Figure 1. [Figure 13] It is a cross-sectional view showing the flow of rainwater in the siphon rain gutter system shown in Figure 1. [Figure 14] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the flow of rainwater in the siphon downspout system. [Figure 15] This is a cross-sectional view of a siphon rain gutter system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 16] This is a perspective view of the siphon rain gutter system of Example 1. [Figure 17] Figure 16 shows a graph illustrating the changes in water level in the eaves gutter and the length of the connecting gutter when the amount of water drained into the eaves gutter is varied in five different ways in the siphon gutter system shown in Figure 16. [Figure 18] This figure shows the results of observing the initial stability and drainage capacity of the siphon rain gutter system when the siphon generation part was changed in seven different ways. [Figure 19] This is a perspective view of the siphon rain gutter system of Example 2. [Figure 20] Figure 19 shows a graph illustrating the changes in the water level in the eaves gutter (branch pipe) and the length of the upstream downpipe when the amount of water drained into the eaves gutter (10A, main pipe) is varied in seven different ways in the siphon gutter system shown. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0020] Embodiments of the elbow and siphon rain gutter system of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the drawings used in the following description are schematic.

[0021] (First Embodiment) As shown in Figure 1, the siphon gutter system 101 of the first embodiment to which the present invention is applied comprises a gutter 10 fixed to the eaves so as to be substantially horizontal, an elbow (first elbow) 114 connected to the downstream side of the gutter 10, a downpipe 16 connected to the downstream end of the elbow 114, an elbow (second elbow) 118 connected to the downstream end 16a of the downpipe 16, and a downpipe 20 connected to the downstream end 18b of the elbow 118.

[0022] The eaves gutter 10 is installed under the eaves of a building not shown. The eaves gutter 10 opens upward and extends in the direction D1. In a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the direction D1, the eaves gutter 10 has a bottom 10b and side walls 10s, 10s rising upward from both sides in the width direction of the bottom 10b (direction D2 in Figure 1). The siphon rain gutter system 101 is intended for use in non-residential buildings with large roof areas, such as factories and train stations. In such an assumption, in order to ensure a sufficient flow rate for draining rainwater flowing in from a large roof area, the width of the bottom 10b (length in the D2 direction) is preferably at least 100 mm, more preferably 120 mm or more, and even more preferably 150 mm or more. There is no particular upper limit to the width of the bottom 10b, but the width of the bottom 10b is preferably 300 mm or less.

[0023] A water collection opening 12 is formed at a predetermined position in the D1 direction (longitudinal direction) of the bottom portion 10b, penetrating the bottom portion 10b. In the D1 direction, the upper surface of the bottom portion 10b (i.e., the inner surface in the gutter 10) slopes slightly downward toward the water collection opening 12. Alternatively, the lower surface of the bottom portion 10b may be formed approximately horizontally, and only the upper surface of the bottom portion 10b may slope downward toward the water collection opening 12, and the thickness of the bottom portion 10b may be approximately constant, and the bottom portion 10b itself may slope downward toward the water collection opening 12.

[0024] The water collection port 12 is provided with a siphon generating unit 50 for generating a siphon phenomenon in the siphon rain gutter system 101. Specific examples of the configuration of the siphon generating unit 50 include the siphon drain member 51 shown in Figure 2 and the siphon drain member 52 shown in Figure 3. The siphon generating unit 50 preferably includes a cover member that covers the opening of the water collection port 12.

[0025] As shown in Figure 2, the siphon drain member 51 comprises a mesh (lid member) 61 positioned above the water collection port 12, a mounting cylinder 62 having a drain opening 70 and extending downward from the water collection port 12, a plurality of vertical ribs (lid members) 63 connecting the mesh 61 and the mounting cylinder 62 in the D3 direction and spaced apart in the circumferential direction so as not to overlap with the drain opening 70 in a top view, and an upper flange 64 that expands radially outward from the connection portion between the mesh 61 and the mounting cylinder 62. The mesh 61 and vertical ribs 63 are debris shields to prevent debris from flowing into the water collection port 12. The outer diameter of the mounting cylinder 62 is set to a size that can be fitted into the water collection port 12. Male threads are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the mounting cylinder 62. The upper flange 64 locks from above onto the upper surface of the bottom 10b around the water collection port 12.

[0026] The siphon drain member 51 is connected to the receiving port 30A of the elbow 14 via a connecting member 95. The connecting member 95 comprises a lower flange 44 that expands radially outward from its upper end, and a rib 46 that protrudes radially inward from the inner wall surface at a position where it has descended by a predetermined height along the D3 direction from the upper end. The lower flange 44 is locked from below to the lower surface of the bottom 10b around the water collection port 12. The rib 46 is provided to temporarily reduce the inner diameter of the connecting member 95. By reducing the inner diameter of the connecting member 95, an effect similar to the Venturi effect is produced, making it easier for a full flow state to occur and allowing the siphon phenomenon to occur effectively. The inner wall surface of the connecting member 95 from the upper end to the rib 46 has a female thread that can be screwed onto the outer surface of the mounting cylinder 62.

[0027] The siphon drain member 51 is attached to the water collection port 12 by screwing the male thread of the mounting cylinder 62 into the female thread of the connecting member 95, and sandwiching the bottom portion 10b around the water collection port 12 between the upper flange 64 and the lower flange 44. The receiving port 30A of the elbow 114, which will be described later, is fitted onto the lower part of the connecting member 95. The lower part of the connecting member 95 and the receiving port 30A may be bonded together with an adhesive or the like, or they may be fused together.

[0028] As shown in Figure 3, the siphon drain member 52 comprises a plate-shaped lid 71, a plurality of vertical ribs 73 that form a drain opening 80 and are spaced apart along the outer circumference of the lid 71 at positions that do not overlap with the drain opening 80 in a top view, and that extend downward from the bottom surface of the lid 71 to support the lid 71, a guide portion 78 that hangs down from the bottom surface of the lid 71 and is formed radially in a top view along the radial direction, and a positioning rib 77 that is spaced apart along the outer circumference of the lid 71 and is provided to protrude upward from the top surface of the lid 71. The lower end of the guide portion 78 is formed to gradually approach the lid 71 as it moves outward from the radial center of the lid 71 in a side view, and has a tapered or bell-mouth shape. The lid 71 reduces the amount of air drawn into the elbow 114 and, consequently, the downpipe 20, making it easier for a full flow state to occur and resulting in a better siphon effect.

[0029] The siphon drain member 52 is connected to the socket 30A of the elbow 14 via a connecting member 90. The connecting member 90 comprises a cylindrical portion 92 that can be fitted into the socket 30A, and a flange 94 that expands in diameter from the upper end of the cylindrical portion 92. The connecting member 90 is locked to the bottom 10b with the cylindrical portion 92 inserted into the water collection port 12 and the bottom surface of the flange 94 resting on the bottom 10b around the water collection port 12. The bottom surfaces of the multiple vertical ribs 73 are machined to conform to the shape of the upper surface of the flange 94. The multiple vertical ribs 73 and the flange 94, and the cylindrical portion 92 and the socket 30A may be bonded together with an adhesive or the like, or fused together.

[0030] The elbow 114 is a joint installed on the downstream side of the siphon generating section 50. As shown in Figure 1, one end 30A of the elbow 14 is connected to the water collection port 12 on the downstream side (i.e., the side where rainwater collects) of the gutter 10 on which the siphon generating section 50 is provided.

[0031] As shown in Figure 4, the elbow 114 comprises a curved pipe section 132 and receiving openings 30A and 30B provided at both ends of the curved pipe section 132. The curved pipe section 132 is bent at approximately 90° in a side view.

[0032] When viewed in a cross-section (plan view, as shown in Figure 4) including the pipe axis A of the curved pipe section 132, the radius of curvature R1 of the inner wall surface 133 and the radius of curvature R2 of the outer wall surface 134 on the inner circumference side of the curved pipe section 132 are at least greater than 64 mm and less than 125 mm. Taking into account the need to avoid reducing the flow velocity of rainwater W flowing in from the receiving port 30A and to allow the rainwater W to flow more smoothly, the radii of curvature R1 and R2 are preferably greater than 64 mm and less than 90 mm from the standpoint of fitting and transport, and preferably greater than 80 mm and less than 100 mm from the standpoint of drainage performance.

[0033] The axis J2 passing through the center C1 of the receiving opening 30A and the axis J3 passing through the center C2 of the receiving opening 30B intersect at a predetermined angle θ in a side view. The angle θ is preferably between 90° and 135°, for example, 91.1°. By setting the angle θ as described above, the flow of rainwater W can be made smooth.

[0034] Let H be the straight-line distance between centers C1 and C2, let D be the diameter of the hollow sections of the receiving openings 30A and 30B, and let E be the diameter of the hollow section of the curved pipe 132. The distance H is, for example, 99 mm to 263 mm, and preferably 130 mm to 190 mm. The diameter D is preferably 52 mm to 155 mm, with 88.65 mm as an example, and more preferably 75 mm to 110 mm. The diameter E is set appropriately, for example 77.55 mm, so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the curved pipe 132 due to the diameter E does not exceed the cross-sectional area of ​​the hollow section of the downpipe 16.

[0035] Elbow 114 is part of a siphon rain gutter system 101 used in non-residential buildings with large roof areas, such as factories and train stations. The opening area of ​​the curved pipe section 132 is 50 cm². 2 More than 150cm 2 The following is preferable: 65cm 2 125cm or more 2 The following is more preferable: 75cm 2 More than 100cm 2The following is even more preferable: By setting the distance H and diameters D and E within the aforementioned ranges, the radius of curvature of the inner wall surface 133 described above can be achieved while securing the minimum flow rate and dimensions of the elbow 114 necessary for drainage, thereby improving the fit of the siphon downspout system 101.

[0036] The radius of curvature R3 of the inner wall surface 135 on the outer circumference of the curved pipe section 132 and the radius of curvature R4 of the outer wall surface 136 are set appropriately in accordance with the radii of curvature R1, R2, distance H, and diameters D, E, etc. For example, if diameter D = 88.65 mm, diameter E = 77.55 mm, radius of curvature R2 = 83.7 mm, and the diameter of the outer circumference of the receiving openings 30A and 30B is 96.25 mm, then the radius of curvature R4 can be set to 163.3 mm. Let T be the length of the receiving opening 30A along axis J1 and the length of the receiving opening 30B along axis J2. The length T is preferably 25 mm to 80 mm, with 40 mm as an example, and more preferably 35 mm to 55 mm. By keeping the length T below the aforementioned upper limit, the core can be easily removed when the elbow 114 is formed by injection molding, and the elbow 114 can be manufactured to a good standard. Furthermore, by ensuring that the length T is below the aforementioned lower limit, it is possible to prevent the downpipe 16 from coming off due to the high pressure and vibrations that occur when a siphon effect occurs, or to prevent water from leaking through the gap between the receiving opening 30B and the downpipe 16. Note that the parameters of the elbow 114 are not limited to the example values, and it is important to set them appropriately within the preferred range as described above.

[0037] Here, the plane that passes horizontally through the curvature center Q of the inner wall surfaces 133 and 135 is defined as the reference plane S1. The plane that passes vertically through the curvature center Q is defined as the reference plane S1. In a side view, the plane that forms a 45° angle with both the plane that passes horizontally and the plane that passes vertically, and passes through the curvature center Q, is defined as the reference plane S3. The position where the reference plane S3 and the inner wall surface 133 intersect is defined as the reference position P1. In a side view, the angle between the imaginary line L1 connecting the curvature center Q and the reference position P1 and the imaginary line L2 connecting the curvature center Q and the position P2 of the upstream end of the inner wall surface 133 is defined as α1. The angle between the imaginary line L1 and the imaginary line L3 connecting the curvature center Q and the position P3 of the downstream end of the inner wall surface 133 is defined as α2. The angles α1 and α2 are preferably 10° or more and 30° or less. The angles α1 and α2 are preferably equal.

[0038] The reference position P4 is defined as the point where the reference plane S3 and the inner wall surface 135 intersect. In a side view, β1 is defined as the angle between the imaginary line L4 connecting the center of curvature Q and the reference position P4, and the imaginary line L5 connecting the center of curvature Q and the position P5 at the upstream end of the inner wall surface 135. β2 is defined as the angle between the imaginary line L1 and the imaginary line L6 connecting the center of curvature Q and the position P6 at the downstream end of the inner wall surface 135. β1 and β2 are preferably between 10° and 45°, with 44.25° being an example. It is preferable that angles β1 and β2 are equal to each other.

[0039] In a cross-sectional view, the angle between the reference plane S3 and the opening surface 141 of the upstream receiving opening 30A, with the curvature center Q as the center, is defined as φ1. The angle between the reference plane S3 and the opening surface 142 of the downstream receiving opening 30B, with the curvature center Q as the center, is defined as φ2. The angles φ1 and φ2 are preferably between 10° and 45°, respectively.

[0040] By having the above configuration, the elbow 114 achieves sufficient drainage volume and smooth drainage flow, while the overall dimensions of the joint are kept to a reasonable size. Furthermore, even if external forces are applied to the downspout 16 due to vibrations during the siphon effect or strong winds, the stress on the joint between the gutter 10 and the elbow 114, as well as the elbow 114 itself, can be reduced, preventing damage to the gutter 10 and the elbow 114. Specifically, the distance (shortest distance) between the bottom 10b and the central axis of the downspout 16 is preferably less than 140 mm, and more preferably less than 130 mm.

[0041] As shown in Figure 1, the upstream end 16a of the downspout 16 is connected to the receiving end 30B of the elbow 114. The downspout 16 is a member that guides rainwater W that has flowed down the elbow 114 horizontally, and is a straight pipe that extends along the D2 direction, or slightly moves away from the D2 direction as it proceeds downstream. The length F1 from end 16a to the downstream end 16b of the downspout 16 is greater than 0m and 2.0m or less, preferably 0.6m to 1.5m, and more preferably 0.6m to 1.0m. By having the length G1 within the above range, rainwater that has flowed down from the elbow 114 flows smoothly when the downspout is full.

[0042] The downstream end (other end) 16b of the downpipe 16 is connected to the socket 30A of the elbow 118. The elbow 118 has the same configuration as the elbow 114.

[0043] The upstream end 20a of the downpipe 20 is connected to the receiving end 30B of the elbow 118. The downpipe 20 is a member that vertically carries rainwater W that has flowed down the elbow 118, and is a straight pipe extending along the D3 direction (vertical direction and the opposite direction). The downstream end 20b of the downpipe 20 is connected to the ground G and to a known catch basin (drainage mechanism) 180 buried underground. The catch basin 180 is connected to a drainage structure such as a sewer pipe 184 via a connecting pipe 182. The catch basin 180 has a wider width than the downpipe 20. The length F2 from end 20a to end 20b is 2.0m or more, preferably 3.0m or more, and more preferably 4.0m or more. By having the length F2 within the above range, the siphon effect in the downpipe 20 is properly generated and maintained.

[0044] As the length F2 of the downpipe 20 increases, the amount of rainwater W drained to the downstream end 20b increases, causing the rainwater W to flow vigorously into the catch basin 180. Taking this into consideration, as shown in Figure 5, it is preferable to connect the elbow 141, the straight pipe 142 extending along the D2 direction, the enlarged joint 144 and the straight pipe 146, and the elbow 120 in this order to the downstream end 20b.

[0045] One socket 30A of elbow 141 (elbow 140A) is connected to the downstream end 20b of the downpipe 20. Elbow 141 is a combination elbow and comprises two elbows 140A and 140B. As shown in Figure 6, the curved pipe sections 32 of elbows 140A and 140B are bent at approximately 45° in side view. That is, the axes J3 and J4 passing through sockets 30A and 30B intersect at a narrow angle of 45° in side view. As shown in Figure 5, the combination of the two elbows 140A and 140B causes the axis J3 passing through socket 30A of elbow 140A and the axis J4 passing through socket 30B of elbow 140B to intersect at 90° in side view, thus forming an elbow 141 with a 90° bend overall.

[0046] The upstream end of the straight pipe 142 is connected to the other socket 30B of the elbow 141 (elbow 140B). The upstream socket of the diameter-expanding joint 144 is connected to the downstream end of the straight pipe 142. The upstream end of the straight pipe 146 is connected to the downstream socket of the diameter-expanding joint 144. The diameter of the hollow section of the straight pipe 146 is larger than the diameter of the hollow section of the straight pipe 142. The straight pipe 146 penetrates the catch basin 180 midway along its longitudinal direction in the D2 direction. The downstream end of the straight pipe 146 is located inside the catch basin 180. The socket 30A of the elbow 120 is connected to the downstream end of the straight pipe 146. The elbow 120 has the same configuration as the elbow 114. The socket 30B of the elbow 120 opens downwards.

[0047] In the configuration shown in Figure 5, rainwater W (not shown in Figure 5) flowing down the downpipe 20 toward the downstream side in the D3 direction is bent toward the downstream side in the D2 direction by the elbow 141 and flows almost horizontally toward the downstream side in the D2 direction through the straight pipe 142, the diameter-enlarged joint 144, and the straight pipe 146. Furthermore, the rainwater W is discharged from the elbow 120 toward the downstream side in the D3 direction, i.e., downward, and stored in the collection basin 180. According to the configuration shown in Figure 5, by providing the elbow 141, the straight pipe 142, the diameter-enlarged joint 144, and the straight pipe 146, the flow velocity and drainage volume of rainwater W flowing down the downpipe 20 at high speed can be appropriately suppressed. Furthermore, according to the configuration shown in Figure 5, an elbow 120 is provided at the downstream end, and the receiving opening 30B of the elbow 120 opens downward, thereby preventing rainwater W from colliding with the side wall of the collection basin 180, and thereby suppressing the eruption of rainwater W onto the ground due to being bounced upward by the side wall of the collection basin 180.

[0048] For example, when the siphon downspout system 101 is installed in an 8-story building, the amount of water drained into the downspout 20 can reach approximately 20 L / sec. In the configuration shown in Figure 5, even when the diameter of the hollow section of the downspout 20 is 75 mm, the diameter of the hollow section of the straight pipe 146 is 100 mm, the diameter of the hollow section of the connecting pipe 182 is 150 mm, and the length of the connecting pipe 182 in the D2 direction is 8 m, it has been confirmed that the rainwater W discharged from the receiving port 30B of the elbow 120 into the collection basin 180 does not spray upwards from the collection basin 180, and that the water is also drained well from the connecting pipe 182.

[0049] Furthermore, in the configuration shown in Figure 5, elbow 120 is more preferably elbow 140C, as shown in Figure 7. Elbow 140C has the same configuration as elbows 140A and 140B. The socket 30B of elbow 140 opens diagonally downwards according to the direction of the axis J4 (see Figure 6). Because the socket 30B of elbow 140 opens diagonally downwards, the force of the rainwater W released from elbow 140C prevents the straight pipe 142, the enlarged joint 144, and the straight pipe 146 from floating upwards in the D3 direction, thereby reducing the load on elbow 141.

[0050] Furthermore, in the configuration shown in Figure 7, as shown in Figure 8, the receiving port 30B of the elbow 140C may open diagonally downward when viewed from the D2 direction (i.e., the direction along the axis J3 of the receiving port 30A (see Figure 6)). By opening diagonally downward in this way, the rainwater W discharged from the receiving port 30B of the elbow 120 into the collection basin 180 swirls inside the collection basin 180, and the swirling rainwater W stirs up the debris and mud accumulated at the bottom of the collection basin 180, and the debris and mud along with the rainwater W are efficiently discharged to the outside of the collection basin 180 through the connecting pipe 182. Similarly, in the configuration shown in Figure 5, the receiving port 30B of the elbow 120 may also open diagonally downward when viewed from the D2 direction.

[0051] Furthermore, in the configuration shown in Figure 7, as shown in Figure 9, it is preferable that, in a plan view, the elbow 140C (especially the receiving port 30B) is positioned radially outward from the center of the water collection basin 180. By positioning the elbow 140C in this manner, a swirling flow is more likely to occur inside the water collection basin 180 due to the rainwater W released into the water collection basin 180 from the receiving port 30B of the elbow 120, and debris and mud accumulated inside the water collection basin 180 along with the rainwater W are efficiently discharged to the outside of the water collection basin 180 through the connecting pipe 182. Similarly, for the same effect, in the configuration shown in Figure 5, if the receiving port 30B of the elbow 120 opens diagonally downward when viewed from the D2 direction, it is preferable that the elbow 120 (especially the receiving port 30B) is positioned radially outward from the center of the water collection basin 180.

[0052] The material of each component of the siphon rain gutter system 101, including elbows 114 and 118, is, for example, polyvinyl chloride, with rigid polyvinyl chloride being particularly preferred.

[0053] According to the elbows 14, 18 and siphon gutter system 101 of the first embodiment described above, the radius of curvature of the inner wall surface 133 and the outer wall surface 134 is greater than 64 mm and less than 100 mm. As a result, rainwater W that flows from the water collection port 12 into the receiving ports 30A of the elbows 114 and 118 can flow smoothly toward the receiving ports 30B without being stagnant on the inner wall surface 133.

[0054] Furthermore, in the siphon gutter system 101 of the first embodiment, by appropriately setting the angles α1, α2, β1, β2, φ1, φ2 within the aforementioned range, the flow direction of rainwater W from the siphon generation section 50 is changed at approximately the same rate from the D3 direction to the D2 direction with respect to the imaginary line L1. This increases the symmetry of the flow distribution in the cross section perpendicular to the pipe axis A, and reliably suppresses the decrease in the flow velocity of the flowing rainwater W. In addition, the size of the elbows 114 and 118 can be appropriately reduced, improving the fit of the siphon gutter system 1.

[0055] Furthermore, in the siphon gutter system 101 of the first embodiment, the receiving end 30A of the elbow 114 is connected to the water collection port 12, the length of the downpipe 16 is greater than 0m and within 2.0m, and the length of the downpipe 20 is 2.0m or more. With this configuration, rainwater W collected at the water collection port 12 by the eaves gutter 10 is guided to the outlets 70 and 80 through the gap between the bottom 10b and the mesh 61 or cover 71, and between the multiple vertical ribs 63 and 73, allowing it to flow into the water collection port 12 and the elbow 114 in a full state. When the water level of rainwater W in the eaves gutter 10 changes from a state where it is lower than the cover 71 of the siphon generating section 50 (hereinafter referred to as the natural flow state, see Figure 10) to a state where the water level of rainwater W in the eaves gutter 10 is above the cover 71 (hereinafter referred to as the siphon generating state), rainwater W from the siphon generating section 50 flows directly into the elbow 114. In the initial siphon generation state, when the water level of rainwater W in the gutter 10 is approximately the same as that of the cover 71, a siphon phenomenon occurs in the siphon generation section 50, as shown in Figure 11. Downstream from the water collection port 12, the elbow 114 becomes full of water, leaving no air trapped above the elbow 114. Subsequently, as shown in Figure 12, when the drainage volume from the siphon generation section 50 reaches its maximum (i.e., when the water level of rainwater W in the gutter 10 is near the highest water level allowed in the gutter 10), a self-siphon occurs inside the elbows 114 and 118 due to the full volume of rainwater W. Furthermore, the tensile force of the downstream rainwater W pulls the upstream rainwater W downstream, and as shown in Figure 12, the rainwater W flows down the drainpipe 16, elbow 118, and downpipe 20 in a full volume.

[0056] In the siphon rain gutter system 101 of the first embodiment, the siphon generating section 50 and the elbow 114 are in close proximity to each other. Therefore, even when transitioning from the siphon generating state illustrated in Figure 12 to the natural flow state shown in Figure 13, the air entrainment portion that falls from the radial outer circumference of the siphon generating section 50 towards the center is shallow, so the siphon action is maintained without interruption. Thus, even when transitioning between the natural flow state shown in Figure 13 and the siphon generating state shown in Figure 14, the siphon action at the elbow 114 can be maintained without interruption and in good condition. Consequently, according to the elbows 114, 118 and the siphon rain gutter system 101 of the first embodiment, rainwater W can be allowed to flow down smoothly.

[0057] In the first embodiment, the siphon gutter system 101 includes two elbows 114 and 118 between the eaves gutter 10 and the downpipe 20, and one connecting pipe 16 between the elbows 114 and 118. However, the siphon gutter system 101 is not limited to a gutter system having such a configuration, and only requires at least two elbows and at least one connecting pipe 16 between two or more elbows. Between the eaves gutter 10 and the downpipe 20, there may be three or more elbows and two or more connecting pipes 16 connected by three or more elbows.

[0058] (Second embodiment) Next, a siphon gutter system of a second embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described. In the components of the siphon gutter system 102 shown in Figure 15, components identical to those of the siphon gutter system 101 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions are omitted.

[0059] As shown in Figure 15, the siphon gutter system 102 of the second embodiment includes, in addition to the configuration of the siphon gutter system 101, a downpipe 21 and a junction pipe 28 connected to the downstream side of the downpipe 20, and a tee 140 connecting the downpipes 20, 21 and the junction pipe 28. In the siphon gutter system 102, two downpipes 20 and 21 are provided as downpipes downstream of the elbow 118. That is, if the downpipes 20 and 21 are combined as a single downpipe, in the siphon gutter system 102, the junction pipe 28 intersects these downpipes 20 and 21 at the junction position X1 between the end (one end) 20a of the upstream downpipe 20 and the downstream end (the other end) 21b of the downstream downpipe 21. The distance F3 from end 20a to confluence point X1 is 2.0m or more.

[0060] The tee 140 is a joint installed to allow rainwater W flowing down the downpipe 20 and rainwater W flowing down the combined pipe 28 toward the downpipe 21 toward the downpipe 21 toward the downpipe 23 toward the downpipe 20 toward the downpipe 23 toward the downpipe 21. The tee 140 comprises a main pipe 145 extending linearly along the direction of D3, receiving ports 130A and 130B provided at both ends of the main pipe 145, a branch pipe 143 branching off from the middle of the main pipe 145 along the direction of D2 and protruding, and a receiving port 130C provided at the end of the branch pipe 143. The downstream end 20b of the downpipe 20 is connected to receiving port 130A. The upstream end 21a of the downpipe 21 is connected to receiving port 130B. The downstream end 21b of the downpipe 21 is connected to the ground G and to a known catch basin 180 buried underground.

[0061] The confluence pipe 28 is a component that carries rainwater W that has flowed down the upstream section of the rain gutter (not shown) horizontally, and extends along the direction D2. The downstream end 28b of the confluence pipe 28 is connected to the receiving opening 130C. Although not shown, the configuration upstream of the confluence pipe 28 is not particularly limited. For example, the upstream side of the confluence pipe 28 may have a configuration similar to that of the eaves gutter 10, elbow 114, downpipe 16, elbow 118, and downpipe 20.

[0062] The elbows 114 and 118 of the second embodiment have the same configuration as the elbows 114 and 118 of the first embodiment, and therefore the same effects and advantages can be obtained. In addition, in the siphon rain gutter system 102 of the second embodiment, the receiving end 30A of the elbow 114 is connected to the water collection port 12, the length of the downpipe 16 is greater than 0m and within 1.0m, and the distance from the upstream end 20a of the downpipe 20 to the confluence position X1 (i.e., the length of the downpipe 20) is 2.0m or more. With this configuration, even when there is a transition between the natural flow state shown in Figure 13 and the siphon generation state shown in Figure 14, the siphon action at the elbow 114 can be maintained without interruption (Figures 13 and 14) and in good condition.Therefore, the elbows 114 and 118 and the siphon rain gutter system 102 of the second embodiment allow rainwater to flow down smoothly.

[0063] Similar to the second embodiment, the siphon rain gutter system 101 of the second embodiment also includes a connecting pipe 16 with elbows 110 connected to both ends between the eaves gutter 10 and the downpipe 20, with the upstream elbow 110 connected to the bottom 10b of the eaves gutter 10 and the downstream elbow 110 connected to the downpipe 20. However, it is not limited to this, and it is sufficient to have at least two elbows 110 and at least one connecting pipe 16 between the two or more elbows 110. Alternatively, it may include three or more elbows 110 between the eaves gutter 10 and the downpipe 20, and two or more connecting pipes 16 between the three or more elbows 110.

[0064] Furthermore, in the siphon rain gutter system 102 described above, there is only one confluence position X1, but multiple confluence positions X may be provided. If multiple confluence positions X are provided, the distance is defined as the distance from the upstream end 20a of the downpipe 20 to the furthest upstream confluence position X1 among the multiple confluence positions X. In addition, in the siphon rain gutter system of the present invention, as in the siphon rain gutter system 101 of the first embodiment and the siphon rain gutter system 102 of the second embodiment, the distance from the upstream end 20a of the downpipe 20 to the position where some change occurs in the flow direction of rainwater W (i.e., the length of the downpipe 20) is 2.0m or more. Examples of changes in the flow direction of rainwater W include, as in the first embodiment, "discharging into a collection basin 180 having a width greater than the downpipe 20," as in the second embodiment, "merging with a confluence pipe 28," and also broadly including "connecting an elbow with a configuration similar to elbow 114 or elbow 141 to the downstream end 20b of downpipe 20 (see Figures 5 and 7)."

[0065] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the gist of the invention as described in the claims.

[0066] For example, the upstream section of the rain gutter in the present invention is not limited to the eaves gutter 10, but can be any gutter member or collector that can form a water collection opening and provide a siphon generating section. For example, the upstream section of the rain gutter may include a drainage channel formed in the roof slab of a concrete building, and an elbow 114, a downpipe 16, an elbow 118, and a downpipe 20 embedded so as to penetrate the roof slab of the building. In such a siphon drainage system, the siphon generating section 50 may be provided at the bottom of the drainage channel and on top of the elbow 114.

[0067] Furthermore, the configuration of the siphon generation unit 50 is not limited to the siphon drain members 51 and 52 described above, and any configuration that allows rainwater to flow into the water collection port 12 in a full state is acceptable. For example, a member that generates a siphon using a water storage container for storing water, as described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-132192, is one such example. The elbow of the present invention may be installed downstream of such a member. Even without providing any other member, if rainwater can flow into the water collection port 12 in a full state, the water collection port 12 can function as a siphon generation unit.

[0068] Furthermore, the siphon rain gutter system of the present invention does not necessarily have to include elbows 114 and 118 between the eaves gutter 10 and the downpipe 16, and between the downpipe 16 and the downpipe 20. Other elbows or right-angle joints may be included as long as they do not reduce the flow velocity of rainwater. [Examples]

[0069] Next, an example of the elbow according to the present invention will be described. However, the structure and effects of the elbow according to the present invention are not limited to the following examples.

[0070] (Example 1) As shown in Figure 16, an experimental model of the siphon gutter system 101 of the first embodiment was prepared, and a predetermined amount of water was introduced into the gutter 10. The siphon formation was observed, and the water level in the gutter 10 was measured. The gutter 10 has a length of 15 m along the D1 direction. The siphon formation section 50 was installed near one end of the gutter 10 in the D1 direction (in Figure 16, the end on the near side in the D1 direction). The limit water level of the gutter 10 was set to 150 mm. The water level of the gutter 10 was measured using a water level measuring meter at a distance Y from the siphon formation section 50 along the D1 direction, with the distance Y being varied to three types: 0.4 m, 5 m, and 14 m. The radius of curvature of the inner wall surface 133 in the cross-sectional view of the elbows 114 and 118 was set to 83.7 mm, and the opening area of ​​the curved pipe section 132 was set to 5410 mm2. The materials used for the eaves gutter 10, siphon generation section 50, and elbow 114 of the siphon rain gutter system 1 were rigid polyvinyl chloride. The drainage rate to the eaves gutter 10 was varied in five ways: 4 L / sec, 8 L / sec, 12 L / sec, 16 L / sec, and 20 L / sec. The length F1 of the connecting pipe 16 was varied in four ways: from 0.6 m (shown by the solid line in Figure 16) to 1.0 m, 1.5 m, and 2.0 m. The length F2 of the downpipe 20 was fixed at 2.4 m. The water discharged from the downpipe 20 was collected in a container.

[0071] Figure 17 is a graph showing the change in the water level in the gutter 10 with respect to distance Y and length F1 when the drainage rate to the gutter 10 is varied in five different ways. As shown in Figure 17, even if the length of the gutter 10 is 15m, it becomes more difficult to draw water downstream as the length of the connecting gutter 16 increases. Specifically, in the cases where the length F1 of the connecting gutter 16 is 0.6m and 1.0m, the water level in the gutter 10 rises as the drainage rate to the gutter 10 and the distance Y increase, but it remains within the range of less than 150mm, which is the limit water level of the gutter 10. Drainage performance slightly deteriorates when the length F1 exceeds 1m. In the case of length F1 = 1.5m, the water level in the gutter 10 remains within the range of less than 150mm if the drainage rate to the gutter 10 is up to 16L / sec, but at 20L / sec, water overflows from the gutter 10 and measurement becomes impossible. When length F1 = 2.0m, if the drainage rate into the gutter 10 is up to 12L / sec, the water level in the gutter 10 remains within a range of less than 150mm. However, when the drainage rate into the gutter 10 reaches 16L / sec, water overflows from the gutter 10, making measurement impossible.

[0072] In other words, from the results of Example 1, it was confirmed that the length F1 from the downstream end 16b of the downpipe 16 is at least greater than 0m and 2.0m or less, preferably 0.6m or more and 1.5m or less, and more preferably 0.6m or more and 1.0m or less.

[0073] Figure 18 shows the results of observing the initial stability and drainage capacity when the siphon generation unit 50 was changed to seven different types, from No. 1 to No. 7. In this observation, the distance Y was set to 1.0 m and the length F1 to 3.0 m. For the evaluation of initial stability, if the water level at the time of siphon action was 90 mm or less when the drainage rate to the gutter 10 was 12 L / sec, it was marked as "○", if it was between 90 mm and 120 mm, it was marked as "△", and if it was above 120 mm, it was marked as "×". For the evaluation of drainage capacity, if the maximum water level at which the drainage rate to the gutter 10 was 120 mm or less when the drainage rate was 12 L / sec, it was marked as "○", if it was between 120 mm and 150 mm, it was marked as "△", and if it was above 150 mm, it was marked as "×". As shown in Figure 18, the seven types of siphon generation unit configurations range from a simple "funnel-like" configuration to a relatively complex "mesh cover", but for example, the initial stability of the "support column + vortex suppression rib" was marked as "×". On the other hand, regarding drainage capacity, for example, the "support column + vortex suppression rib" configuration was "△", but the other six types of siphon generation unit 50 configurations were "〇". Thus, it was confirmed that the siphon rain gutter system 101 can obtain good drainage characteristics even when using relatively simple configurations or all types of siphon generation unit 50 configurations.

[0074] (Example 2) As shown in Figure 19, an experimental model of the siphon gutter system 102 of the second embodiment was prepared, and a predetermined amount of water was introduced into the eaves gutters 10A and 10B. The siphon formation was observed, and the water level in the eaves gutter 10 was measured. On the upstream side of the junction pipe 28, an elbow 119, a downpipe 20B, an elbow 118B, a connecting pipe 16B, an elbow 114B, a connecting member 90, a siphon generation unit 52B, and an eaves gutter 10B were connected from the nearest. The elbow 119 has the same configuration as the elbow 114 described in the first embodiment.

[0075] The water levels of the gutters 10A and 10B were measured using the aforementioned water level measuring instrument (omitted in Figure 19) at a distance of 0.4 m along the D1 direction from the siphon generation section 50. The radius of curvature of the inner wall surface 133 in the cross-sectional view of elbows 114A, 114B, 118A, 118B, and 119 was set to 83.7 mm, and the opening area of ​​the curved pipe section 132 was set to 5410 mm2. The drainage rate to the gutter 10A was varied in seven ways: 2 L / sec, 4 L / sec, 6 L / sec, 8 L / sec, 10 L / sec, 12 L / sec, and 14 L / sec. The drainage rate to the gutter 10B (i.e., the drainage rate to the confluence pipe 28) was varied in three ways: 4 L / sec, 2 L / sec, and 0 L / sec (i.e., no water flowing in from the confluence pipe 28). The length F1 of the connecting pipes 16A and 16B was fixed at 0.6m. The distance F3 from the upstream end of the downpipe 20 to the confluence point X1 was varied in three ways: 0m (i.e., with a short pipe fitted inside the downstream socket of the elbow 118A, and the upstream socket of the tee 140 in contact with it), 3.0m, and 15m, by changing the position of the tee 140 along the longitudinal direction of the downpipe. The water discharged from the downpipe 21 was collected in a container.

[0076] Figure 20 is a graph showing the change in the water level of the gutter 10A (main pipe) as a result of the amount of water drained into the confluence pipe 28 (branch pipe) and the distance F3, when the amount of water drained into the gutter 10A (main pipe) is varied in seven different ways. As shown in Figure 20, when the amount of water flowing into the confluence pipe 28 is small, air enters the water in the hollow parts of the various joints and gutter members, and the siphon effect on the main pipe side does not occur. Specifically, the smaller the amount of water drained into the confluence pipe 28, or the larger the distance Y, the higher the water level in the gutter 10A rose. When the amount of water drained into the confluence pipe 28 was 4 L / sec, the water level in the gutter 10A remained within the range of less than 150 mm, regardless of whether the distance F3 was 0 m, 3.0 m, or 15 m, or which of the seven types of water drained into the gutter 10A. On the other hand, when the drainage rate to the combined pipe 28 decreased to 2 L / sec, the water level in the gutter 10A remained within the range of less than 150 mm if the drainage rate to the gutter 10A was 12 L / sec or less. However, when the drainage rate to the gutter 10A reached 14 L / sec, water overflowed from the gutter 10A, making measurement impossible. Also, when the drainage rate to the combined pipe 28 decreased to 0 L / sec, the water level in the gutter 10A remained within the range of less than 150 mm if the drainage rate to the gutter 10A was 8 L / sec or less. However, when the drainage rate to the gutter 10A reached 10 L / sec, water overflowed from the gutter 10A, making measurement impossible.

[0077] In other words, the results from Example 2 confirmed that a distance F3 of 2.0 m or more is preferable. Furthermore, it was confirmed that a drainage rate of at least 4 L / sec into the connecting pipe 28 is preferable. [Explanation of symbols]

[0078] 101, 102… Siphon rain gutter system 114,118… Elbow 30A, 30B...receptacle 32…Bent pipe 133...Interior wall surface 134...Interior wall surface 50...Siphon generation section

Claims

1. A siphon drainage system equipped with a siphon generation unit, A first elbow, one end of which is connected to the downstream side of the upstream section having the siphon generating unit, A second elbow is connected at one end to the upstream side of the first pipe, A second pipe provided between the first elbow and the second elbow, The system comprises a water collection basin connected to the downstream side of the first pipe, with the downstream end of the first pipe positioned inside and opening, The collection basin is provided with an opening at the downstream end of the first pipe, which opens downward within the collection basin and discharges rainwater that has flowed down the second elbow into the collection basin, and a connecting pipe for draining rainwater from the collection basin. The aforementioned opening surface is located above the connecting pipe, The first and second elbows are provided with a curved section in which, when viewed in cross-section in a plane including the pipe axis, the radius of curvature of the inner wall surface on the inner circumference side is greater than 64 mm and less than 125 mm, and furthermore, the first and second elbows have an opening area of ​​50 cm². ２ It has the above-mentioned curved pipe section. Siphon drainage system.

2. The downstream end of the first pipe is provided with a third elbow, an enlarged joint, and a fourth elbow in that order. The fourth elbow is positioned in the water collection basin, The fourth elbow has an opening surface that opens downward or diagonally downward within the water collection basin. The siphon drainage system according to claim 1.

3. The first pipe is equipped with a joint that allows rainwater flowing down the combined pipe to flow into the first pipe. The siphon drainage system according to claim 1.

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