Interior structure

Abstract

To provide an interior structure that can suppress the spread of flames inside a room while using flammable materials for the interior finish. [Solution] An interior structure characterized in that a first interior material made of a combustible material and a second interior material made of a combustible material are provided in the wall or ceiling of an interior room, and a protruding member is provided between the first interior material and the second interior material, which protrudes from the wall or ceiling surface toward the interior of the room.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an interior structure.

Background Art

[0002] Under the Building Standards Act, interior restrictions are stipulated for specified buildings for the purpose of preventing rapid flame spread in the event of a fire. Patent Document 1 discloses that in a wooden building to which interior restrictions are applied (such as an automobile garage), an indoor face material that is a noncombustible material or a quasi-noncombustible material (such as a steel plate) is installed so as to cover the space between a plurality of structural lumbers (such as columns).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, there are cases where the use of a combustible material such as wood is desired as the interior material that is visible from the indoor side. However, if wood, which is a combustible material, is used as the interior material without any treatment, the flame ignited on the interior material tends to spread easily. On the other hand, it is possible to suppress the spread of flame by impregnating wood with a chemical agent to impart flame retardancy to the wood, but this leads to an increase in cost, or causes a phenomenon in which the chemical agent bleeds out to the surface of the wood (efflorescence phenomenon).

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an interior structure that can suppress the spread of indoor flame while using a combustible material for the interior material.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] To achieve this objective, the interior structure of the present invention is characterized in that, in the interior wall, a first interior material made of a combustible material and a second interior material made of a combustible material are provided adjacent to the first interior material and positioned above the first interior material, the first interior material and the second interior material are spaced apart, at least one of the first interior material and the second interior material is provided at an inclination with respect to the surface of the wall, the end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the wall, and the path between the end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the wall constitutes a separation path for suppressing the spread of fire from the first interior material to the second interior material. Other features of the present invention will be made apparent by description in this specification and the accompanying drawings. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an interior structure that can suppress the spread of flames in a room while using flammable materials for the interior materials. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is a floor plan of room 2 located in building 1. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of line AA. [Figure 3] This is a schematic perspective view illustrating the protruding member 30. [Figure 4] Figures 4A and 4B show modified examples of the protruding member 30. [Figure 5] Figures 5A and 5B show modified examples of the interior structure 2I of the first embodiment. [Figure 6] Figures 6A and 6B are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating the protruding member 30 of the second embodiment. [Figure 7] Figure 7A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the interior material 20 of the third embodiment, and Figure 7B is a schematic perspective view illustrating the interior material 20 of the third embodiment. [Figure 8] Figures 8A to 8C are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating modified examples of the interior material 30. [Figure 9] This figure shows a modified example of the interior structure 2I of the third embodiment. [Figure 10] Figures 10A and 10B are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating the interior material 20 of the fourth embodiment. [Figure 11] Figures 11A to 11C show modified examples of the interior structure 2I of the fourth embodiment. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] The following information will become clear from the description in the specification and drawings described later. (Aspect 1) An interior structure characterized in that, in the wall or ceiling portion of an interior, a first interior material made of a combustible material and a second interior material made of a combustible material arranged in close proximity to the first interior material are provided, and a protruding member is provided between the first interior material and the second interior material, protruding from the wall surface or ceiling surface toward the interior.

[0010] According to Embodiment 1, the protruding member can separate the second interior material from the flames burning the first interior material. Therefore, while using flammable materials for the interior material, the spread of fire to the second interior material and within the room can be suppressed (delayed).

[0011] (Aspect 2) Interior structure as described in Aspect 1, The interior structure is characterized in that the protruding member is made of a non-combustible material.

[0012] According to embodiment 2, since the flame burning the first interior material is less likely to spread to the protruding member, it is easier to maintain a state where the second interior material is separated from the flame burning the first interior material. Furthermore, the flame burning the first interior material can be suppressed (delayed) from spreading to the second interior material until it reaches the second interior material, as it wraps around the protruding member that protrudes into the room.

[0013] (Aspect 3) Interior structure as described in Aspect 1, The interior structure, wherein the surface portion on the indoor side of the protruding member is made of a combustible material.

[0014] According to Aspect 3, the second interior material can be separated from the flame that burns the surface portion of the protruding member by the length by which the protruding member protrudes toward the indoor side, so that the spread of fire to the second interior material can be suppressed (delayed). In addition, the surface portion of the protruding member can be made of the same material (raw material) as the first interior material and the second interior material, making the protruding member less noticeable.

[0015] (Aspect 4) The interior structure according to Aspect 3, wherein The interior structure, wherein the inner side of the surface portion of the protruding member is made of a flame-retardant material.

[0016] According to Aspect 4, the flame that burns the surface portion of the protruding member is less likely to spread to the inner flame-retardant material, so the state where the second interior material is separated from the flame burning the surface portion is easily maintained. Therefore, the spread of fire to the second interior material can be suppressed (delayed).

[0017] (Aspect 5) An interior structure, characterized in that on an indoor wall or ceiling portion, a first interior material made of a combustible material and a second interior material made of a combustible material arranged adjacent to the first interior material are provided, and the first interior material and the second interior material are spaced apart from each other.

[0018] According to Aspect 5, the second interior material can be separated from the flame that burns the first interior material, and the spread of fire to the second interior material and throughout the indoor space can be suppressed (delayed).

[0019] (Aspect 6) The interior structure according to Aspect 5, wherein The interior structure, wherein at least one of the first interior material and the second interior material is provided to be inclined with respect to the surface of the wall or the surface of the ceiling portion, and the end of the first interior material on the second interior material side and the end of the second interior material on the first interior material side are spaced apart in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the wall or the surface of the ceiling portion.

[0020] According to embodiment 6, by devising the arrangement of the first interior material and the second interior material, the aesthetic design of the wall interior can be enhanced, while the second interior material can be separated from the flames burning the first interior material, thereby suppressing (delaying) the spread of fire to the second interior material.

[0021] (Aspect 7) Interior structure as described in Aspect 5, The interior structure is characterized in that the first interior material and the second interior material are provided along the surface of the wall or the surface of the ceiling, and the end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material are spaced apart in a direction along the surface of the wall or the surface of the ceiling.

[0022] According to embodiment 7, since the first interior material and the second interior material are aligned with the surface of the wall or ceiling, the second interior material can be separated from the flames burning the first interior material while securing a wider interior space, thereby suppressing (delaying) the spread of fire to the second interior material.

[0023] (Aspect 8) Interior structure as described in Aspect 7, An interior structure characterized in that a semi-noncombustible material is provided between the end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material.

[0024] According to embodiment 8, the exposure of the wall or ceiling can be suppressed by the semi-noncombustible material, and the surface of the interior material provided on the wall or ceiling can be made flat. Furthermore, compared to the case where a combustible material or flame-retardant material is provided between the first interior material and the second interior material, the flame burning the first interior material is less likely to spread to the semi-noncombustible material, and the spread of fire to the second interior material can be suppressed (delayed).

[0025] ===First Embodiment=== Figure 1 is a floor plan of a habitable room 2 in building 1. Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of line AA shown in Figure 1. Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view illustrating the protruding member 30.

[0026] Building 1 has an exterior wall 3 that separates the outdoor space from the interior space, a partition wall 4 that separates the interior space, a floor 5, a ceiling (not shown), and a living room 2 which is the space enclosed by these. The living room 2 is provided with an opening 6 (door) that serves as an entrance for people. The interior structure 2I of the living room 2 will be described below. In the following description, the exterior wall 3 and the partition wall 4 will also be referred to collectively as the "wall". Furthermore, the interior structure 2I described herein is not limited to the interior structure of the living room 2, but can also be applied to the interior structure of non-living spaces such as corridors, staircases, garages, and warehouses.

[0027] Interior finishing material 20 is installed on the interior wall surfaces of walls 3 and 4 of living room 2. Interior finishing material 20 is a board-shaped piece of wood that has not been treated with flame retardant. The wooden interior finishing material 20 is installed on the entire wall surface of all four walls 3 and 4 surrounding living room 2 (excluding the opening 6).

[0028] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, projecting members 30 are provided in the walls 3 and 4 along the height from the floor 5 to the ceiling, projecting inward from the wall surfaces 3a and 4a. The projecting members 30 are plate-shaped members, installed on the walls 3 and 4 with their thickness direction aligned with the height direction. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, the projecting members 30 are installed over the entire area of ​​each wall 3 and 4 in the in-plane horizontal direction (the X or Y direction perpendicular to the height and out-of-plane directions) (excluding the opening 6).

[0029] The wooden interior material 20 positioned below the protruding member 30 is referred to as the first interior material 21, and the wooden interior material 20 positioned above the protruding member 30 is referred to as the second interior material 22. The protruding member 30 protrudes inward from the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22.

[0030] In each drawing, the connecting members for installing the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22 to the walls 3 and 4, and the connecting members for installing the protruding member 30 to the walls 3 and 4, etc., are omitted from the illustration. The same applies to the drawings of the embodiments described later. In addition, the connecting members may be made of flame-retardant material or flammable material.

[0031] As described above, in the interior structure 2I of the first embodiment, the interior walls 3 and 4 are provided with a first interior material 21 made of a combustible material (untreated wood) and a second interior material 22 made of a combustible material (untreated wood) positioned adjacent to and above the first interior material 21. In the height direction, a protruding member 30 is provided between the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22, projecting from the wall surface of the walls 3 and 4 into the interior, like an overhang.

[0032] Therefore, as shown in Figure 3, even if the flames ignite the first interior material 21 (lower part of the wall), the protruding member 30 can separate the second interior material 22 (upper part of the wall) from the flames. Thus, even though the flames tend to spread upward, it is difficult for the flames to come into contact with the second interior material 22, and the heat from the flames is not easily transferred to the second interior material 22. As a result, the spread of fire to the second interior material 22 and upward in the room can be suppressed (delayed), and people in the room 2 can evacuate or carry out firefighting activities before a flashover occurs after the flames have spread to the ceiling.

[0033] In Figure 2, the planar portion (bottom portion 30a and top portion 30b) of the protruding member 30 is installed horizontally, but this is not limited to this configuration, and the protruding member 30 may be installed at an angle to the floor 5 or ceiling. Furthermore, the shape of the protruding member 30 is not particularly limited as long as it can cover the flames burning the first interior material 21 from above.

[0034] Furthermore, the height h at which the protruding member 30 is installed, more specifically the height h from the floor surface to the lower surface 30a of the protruding member 30, is not particularly limited. For example, the height h may be set to a height similar to the maximum height of flammable furniture (e.g., desks, shelves, etc.) installed in the living room 2 or heating appliances installed on the floor, that is, the height of things that could be sources of fire. Alternatively, for example, the height h may be set to 1.2m, which is the height at which the use of flame-retardant materials in interior finishes is required under the Building Standards Act and the Building Standards Act Enforcement Order.

[0035] Furthermore, it is preferable that the protruding member 30 be made of a non-combustible material. In other words, it is preferable that the protruding member 30 be made solely of a non-combustible material. By doing so, compared to the case where the protruding member 30 is made of a material that is more flammable than a non-combustible material, even if the flame burning the first interior material 21 approaches and comes into contact with the lower surface 30a of the protruding member 30, the combustion of the protruding member 30 can be suppressed (delayed). Furthermore, even after the flame has spread to the lower surface 30a of the protruding member 30, since the side surface 30b and upper surface 30c of the protruding member 30 are also made of non-combustible material, the spread of the flame to them can be suppressed (delayed). Therefore, it is easier to maintain a state where the second interior material 22 is separated from the flame burning the first interior material 21, and the spread of the flame to the second interior material 22 can be suppressed (delayed).

[0036] When the protruding member 30 is made of a non-combustible material, the flame that ignites the first interior material 21 will wrap around the protruding member 30 that extends into the room and reach the second interior material 22. Therefore, the separation distance from the flame (current burning range) to the second interior material 22 (next burning range), that is, the shortest path distance from the flame to the next burning range, is the length shown by arrow R in Figure 2. Specifically, the separation distance (arrow R) is the sum of the lengths of the lower surface 30a, the side surface 30b, and the upper surface 30c of the protruding member 30. By ensuring this separation distance, the spread of fire to the second interior material 22 and upwards in the room can be suppressed (delayed).

[0037] As described above, in the interior structure 2I of the first embodiment, by installing the protruding member 30, even if the interior material 20 installed on the walls 3 and 4 is made of a combustible material, the spread of flames upward in the room can be suppressed (delayed). Therefore, the interior material 20 that the user sees can be made of a material desired by the user. For example, by applying wood to the interior material 20 as in this embodiment, the user using the living room 2 can feel the warmth of wood and nature. In addition, the ceiling can also be made of a material desired by the user (for example, a combustible material such as wood).

[0038] In this specification, materials that meet the requirements stipulated in the Building Standards Act and the Enforcement Order of the Building Standards Act are referred to as "flame-retardant materials," "semi-noncombustible materials," and "noncombustible materials." Specifically, in accordance with ISO 5660-1, a heat generation test using a cone calorimeter tester shows a radiant heat intensity of 50 kW / m². 2 When heated, flame-retardant materials, semi-noncombustible materials, and noncombustible materials satisfy the following requirements at 5 minutes, 10 minutes, and 20 minutes, respectively, after the start of heating. First, they do not burn (total heat output of 8 MJ / m³). 2 (The following conditions must be met): Secondly, it must not undergo deformation, melting, cracking, or other damage that is harmful to fire prevention; and thirdly, it must not generate smoke or gases that are harmful to evacuation. Therefore, flame-retardant materials also include materials that meet the performance requirements of semi-noncombustible materials and noncombustible materials. Semi-noncombustible materials also include materials that meet the performance requirements of noncombustible materials.

[0039] Examples of "non-combustible materials" include concrete, steel, aluminum, metal sheets, glass, gypsum board (with a thickness of 12 mm or more and a base paper thickness of 0.6 mm or less), as defined in Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Notification No. 1400. Examples of "semi-noncombustible materials" include the noncombustible materials mentioned above, gypsum board (thickness of 9 mm or more, with a board base paper thickness of 0.6 mm or less), hard wood chip cement board (thickness of 9 mm or more, bulk density of 0.9 or more), and other materials specified in Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Notification No. 1401. Examples of "flame-retardant materials" include the above-mentioned semi-noncombustible materials, flame-retardant plywood (thickness of 5.5 mm or more), gypsum board (thickness of 7 mm or more, with a board paper thickness of 0.5 mm or less), and other materials specified in Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Notification No. 1402.

[0040] Furthermore, in this specification, "flammable material" refers to a material that does not meet the requirements for flame retardancy (performance equivalent to that of a flame retardant material). Therefore, flame-retardant treated flammable materials (e.g., wood) are not included in the definition of flammable material. One method for applying flame retardancy to wood is to impregnate the wood with a flame retardant agent. With flame-retardant treated wood, changes in humidity can cause the agent to rise to the surface of the wood (efflorescence), which degrades the appearance of the interior material 20. Therefore, when flame-retardant treated wood is used for the interior material 20, the costs and effort involved in flame retardancy treatment and replacement of the interior material 20 when efflorescence occurs are increased compared to when untreated wood is used for the interior material 20.

[0041] In contrast, in the interior structure 2I of the first embodiment, the installation of the protruding member 30 allows for the suppression (delay) of the spread of fire upwards in the room, even when using untreated wood, which is a flammable material, as the interior material 20. Therefore, costs and labor can be reduced compared to using fire-retardant treated wood.

[0042] In this specification, untreated wood is given as an example of the interior material 20 which is a combustible material, but the interior material 20 is not limited to this and may be made of other combustible materials (for example, paper or synthetic resin) and installed on the walls 3 and 4. Also, different types of combustible materials may be used for the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22.

[0043] Furthermore, it is desirable that the protruding member 30 protrudes inward from the wall surfaces 3a and 4a of walls 3 and 4. This ensures that the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22 are separated by the protruding member 30. Thus, it is possible to prevent the flame burning the first interior material 21 from spreading upward (towards the second interior material 22) along the surface of the first interior material 21. For this reason, the flame burning the first interior material 21 needs to wrap around the protruding member 30 as shown by arrow R in Figure 2, thereby more reliably ensuring the separation distance (arrow R) between the flame and the second interior material 22.

[0044] Furthermore, it is desirable that the protruding members 30 be provided over the entire horizontal area (X or Y direction) within the plane of the walls 3 and 4 where the flammable interior material 20 is installed (excluding the opening 6 where the door is provided). By doing so, regardless of the position of the walls 3 and 4, the spread of flames ignited on the first interior material 21 upwards into the room can be suppressed (delayed).

[0045] Furthermore, although the living room 2 illustrated in Figure 1 does not have a window (opening), it may have an interior structure 2I with a window. Even if the interior material 20, which is a combustible material, is installed in the parts of the walls 3 and 4 where a window is provided, the materials that make up the window and window frame (glass, aluminum sash, etc.) can suppress the spread of fire upwards in the room. For this reason, a protruding member 30 may or may not be provided in the parts of the walls 3 and 4 where a window is provided.

[0046] Furthermore, in the living room 2 illustrated in Figure 1, wooden interior materials 20 are installed on all walls 3 and 4 surrounding the living room 2, but this is not limited to this. Flame-retardant interior materials may be used on some of the walls 3 and 4, and the protruding members 30 may not be installed on those walls.

[0047] Furthermore, the number of protruding members 30 provided on a single wall 3 or 4 is not limited to one; multiple protruding members 30 may be arranged with spacing in the height direction. In this case, even if the interior material 20 between the protruding members 30 arranged in the height direction ignites, the protruding members 30 installed above the interior material 20 can suppress (delay) the spread of fire upwards in the room.

[0048] (Modified example of the protruding member 30) Figures 4A and 4B show modified examples of the protruding member 30. While it is desirable for the protruding member 30 to be made of a non-combustible material, it is not limited to this; the protruding member 30 may be made of a semi-non-combustible material, a flame-retardant material, or a combustible material. However, if the protruding member 30 is made of a combustible material (e.g., wood), compared to the case where the protruding member 30 is made of a flame-retardant material, as shown in Figure 4A, the flame burning the first interior material 21 is more likely to spread to the lower surface of the protruding member 30 when it approaches and comes into contact with it. Even in this case, the flame that has wrapped around from the lower surface to the side of the protruding member 30 can be separated horizontally from the second interior material 22. Specifically, the out-of-plane length of the upper surface of the protruding member 30 is secured as the separation distance (arrow R) from the flame to the second interior material 22, thereby suppressing (delaying) the spread of the flame upward into the room.

[0049] Alternatively, flame-retardant treated wood may be used for the protruding member 30. This makes the protruding member 30 less conspicuous. Furthermore, it reduces costs and labor compared to applying flame-retardant treated wood to the entire interior material 20.

[0050] Furthermore, the protruding member 30 is not limited to protruding inward from the wall surfaces 3a and 4a of walls 3 and 4, as shown in Figure 2. For example, as shown in Figure 4B, the protruding member 30 may protrude inward from the interior surface (wall surface) of the interior material 20, that is, it may protrude inward from the wall surfaces 3a and 4a of walls 3 and 4 via the interior material 20.

[0051] In this case, the interior material 20 can be installed on walls 3 and 4 in a continuous vertical direction, eliminating the need to cut the interior material 20 into a first interior material 21 and a second interior material 22, thus simplifying the installation of the interior material 20. Of the interior material 20 that is continuous vertically, the portion below the protruding member 30 corresponds to the first interior material 21, and the portion above the protruding member 30 corresponds to the second interior material 22. Furthermore, installing the protruding member 30 on interior material 20 made of wood or the like is easier than installing it on walls 3 and 4 made of concrete or gypsum board. However, as shown in Figure 2 above, the separation distance (arrow R) between the flame and the second interior material 22 is more reliably ensured when the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22 are separated with the protruding member 30 in between.

[0052] (Variable example of interior structure 2I) Figures 5A and 5B show modified examples of the interior structure 2I of the first embodiment. Figure 5B is a schematic view of the ceiling 7 from below. Up to this point, examples have been given of cases where the protruding members 30 are provided on the walls 3 and 4, but as shown in Figure 5A, the protruding members 30 may also be provided on the ceiling 7. In other words, the interior structure 2I may be provided with a first interior material 51 which is a combustible material, and a second interior material 52 which is a combustible material, located adjacent to the first interior material 51 and positioned more inward than the first interior material 21, on the ceiling portion 7 of the room (for example, the underside of the upper floor slab). Furthermore, a protruding member 30 is provided between the first interior material 51 and the second interior material in the horizontal direction (X or Y direction), protruding inward (downward) from the ceiling surface (the underside 7a of the ceiling portion 7 in Figure 5A).

[0053] In the above case as well, the protruding member 30 can separate the second interior material 52 (ceiling finishing material) from the flames that have spread from the wall to the first interior material 51 (ceiling finishing material), thereby suppressing (delaying) the spread of fire to the entire ceiling. As a result, the user can use combustible materials of their choice (for example, untreated wood) on the ceiling surface, improving the aesthetic design of the room.

[0054] Furthermore, similar to the above embodiment, it is preferable that the protruding member 30 be made of a non-combustible material. Also, it is preferable that the protruding member 30 protrudes from the lower surface 7a of the ceiling portion 7 rather than from the interior material. However, this is not limited to the above. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 5B, by arranging the protruding members 30, which extend in the X and Y directions respectively, to surround the central part of the ceiling section 7 (second interior material 52), the spread of flames in the X and Y directions can be suppressed. However, the arrangement of the protruding members 30 in the ceiling section 7 is not limited to the arrangement exemplified in Figure 5B.

[0055] ===Second Embodiment=== Figures 6A and 6B are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating the protruding member 30 of the second embodiment. In the interior structure 2I of the second embodiment, a protruding member 30 is provided, which is a part of the interior material 20 that protrudes. Therefore, the protruding member 30 of the second embodiment has a surface portion 31 made of the same wood as the interior material 20, and a core portion 32 that satisfies flame retardancy and is located inside the surface portion 31.

[0056] In the interior structure 2I of the second embodiment, similar to the first embodiment, a first interior material 21 made of a combustible material (e.g., wood) and a second interior material 22 made of a combustible material (e.g., wood) are provided in the interior walls 3 and 4, close to the first interior material 21 and positioned above it. In the height direction, protruding members 30 (31, 32) are provided between the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22, projecting inward from the wall surfaces 3a and 4a of the walls 3 and 4. Therefore, even if the first interior material 21 (lower part of the wall) ignites, the protruding member 30 can separate the flame from the second interior material 22 (upper part of the wall), thereby suppressing (delaying) the spread of fire upwards in the room. In addition, the interior material 20 (21, 22) and the ceiling can be made from materials desired by the user (for example, untreated wood).

[0057] The installation height h (height from the floor to the bottom surface of the protruding member 30) of the second embodiment is the same as described in the first embodiment. Furthermore, the number of protruding members 30 provided on a single wall 3, 4 is not limited to one; multiple protruding members 30 may be arranged with spacing in the height direction.

[0058] Furthermore, the interior surface portion 31 of the protruding member 30 in the second embodiment is made of the same wood as the interior material 20 and is a combustible material. In this case, as shown in Figure 6B, when the flame burning the first interior material 21 approaches and comes into contact with the lower surface portion 31a of the surface portion 31 of the protruding member 30, it is easy for the flame to spread to the lower surface portion 31a. However, the flame that has wrapped around from the lower surface portion 31a to the side portion 31b of the surface portion 31 can be separated horizontally from the second interior material 22. Specifically, the horizontal length of the protruding member 30 that protrudes into the interior from the second interior material 22 is secured as the separation distance (arrow R) from the flame to the second interior material 22. Therefore, the spread of flame to the second interior material 22 and upward into the room can be suppressed (delayed).

[0059] By making the surface portion 31 of the protruding member 30 a combustible material, the surface portion 31 of the protruding member 30 can be made of the same type of combustible material as the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22, in this case, untreated wood. As a result, the protruding member 30 becomes less conspicuous, and the uniformity and design of the wall interior are enhanced.

[0060] However, the above is not limited to the above; the surface portion 31 of the protruding member 30 may be made of a different type of combustible material (for example, a different type of wood, paper, or synthetic resin) than the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22. Alternatively, the surface portion 31 of the protruding member 30 may be made of a flame-retardant material, such as flame-retardant treated wood. In this case, since the surface portion 31 of the protruding member 30 becomes less flammable, the separation distance (arrow R) from the flame to the second interior material 22 can be increased, similar to the protruding member 30 of the first embodiment (see Figure 2). Furthermore, by using flame-retardant treated wood only for the protruding member 30, the protruding member 30 can be made less conspicuous, while reducing costs and labor compared to using flame-retardant treated wood for the entire interior material 20.

[0061] Furthermore, it is preferable that the inside of the surface portion 31 of the protruding member 30 (core portion 32) be made of a flame-retardant material (including semi-noncombustible materials and noncombustible materials). By doing so, as shown in Figure 6B, even if the surface portion 31 of the protruding member 30 burns, the burning of the core portion 32 of the protruding member 30 can be suppressed (delayed). Therefore, the flame burning the surface portion 31 (side portion 31b) of the protruding member 30 is more likely to remain horizontally separated from the second interior material 22, and the spread of fire to the second interior material 22 can be delayed (suppressed). However, this is not limited to this, and the entire protruding member 30 may be made of a flammable material.

[0062] (modified version) Although not shown in the figures, the protruding member 30 of the second embodiment may be provided on the ceiling, similar to Figures 5A and 5B described above. This allows the use of combustible materials desired by the user (e.g., untreated wood) on the ceiling surface while suppressing (delaying) the spread of fire throughout the entire ceiling, thereby improving the aesthetic design of the room. In particular, in the protruding member 30 of the second embodiment, the surface portion 31 can be made of a combustible material, and it can be the same type of combustible material as the ceiling finishing material (first interior material and second interior material), so the protruding member 30 becomes less conspicuous.

[0063] ===Third Embodiment=== Figure 7A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the interior material 20 of the third embodiment, and Figure 7B is a schematic perspective view illustrating the interior material 20 of the third embodiment. Figures 8A to 8C are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating modified examples of the interior material 30.

[0064] In the interior structure 2I of the third embodiment, the interior walls 3 and 4 are provided with a first interior material 21 made of a combustible material, such as wood, and a second interior material 22 made of a combustible material, such as wood, located adjacent to the first interior material 21 and positioned above it. In the interior structure 2I of the third embodiment, the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22 are spaced apart.

[0065] Therefore, as shown in Figure 7B, the flames burning the first interior material 21 (lower part of the wall) can be separated from the second interior material 22 (upper part of the wall). Thus, the spread of fire to the second interior material 22 and upwards in the room can be suppressed (delayed). In addition, the interior material 20 and ceiling can be made from materials desired by the user (for example, untreated wood).

[0066] The height h at which the interior materials 20 are separated (i.e., the height from the floor surface to the upper end of the first interior material 20) is the same as described in the first embodiment. Furthermore, the interior material 20 is not limited to being separated into two parts (first interior material 21 and second interior material 22) in the height direction, but may be separated into three or more parts and each part separated. Also, the inclination angles of the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22 may be different.

[0067] Specifically, in the interior structure 2I of the third embodiment, at least one of the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22 is provided at an inclination with respect to the surfaces of the walls 3 and 4, and the upper end 21a of the first interior material 21 (the end on the second interior material side) and the lower end 22a of the second interior material 22 (the end on the first interior material side) are spaced apart in the horizontal direction (the direction perpendicular to the surfaces of the walls 3 and 4).

[0068] For example, in Figure 7A, both the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22 are inclined so that they are positioned towards the interior as they move upwards. In this case, the horizontal length from the interior-facing end of the upper end 21a of the first interior material 21 to the interior-facing end of the lower end 22a of the second interior material 22 is secured as the separation distance (arrow R) from the flame to the second interior material 22. Therefore, the spread of fire to the second interior material 22 and upwards in the room can be suppressed (delayed). By suppressing the spread of fire through this arrangement of interior materials 20, the aesthetic design of the wall interior can also be enhanced.

[0069] Furthermore, not limited to Figure 7A, for example, as shown in Figure 8A, the first interior material 21 may be inclined so that it is positioned towards the interior as it goes upwards, and the second interior material 22 may be provided along the surfaces of walls 3 and 4. In this case as well, similar to Figure 7A, the horizontal length from the interior-facing end of the upper part of the first interior material 21 to the interior-facing end of the lower part of the second interior material 22 is secured as the separation distance (arrow R) from the flame to the second interior material 22.

[0070] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 8B, both the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22 may be inclined so that they are positioned towards the interior as they go downwards. Also, as shown in Figure 8C, only the second interior material 22 may be inclined so that it is positioned towards the interior as it goes downwards, while the first interior material 21 is provided along the surfaces of walls 3 and 4. In these cases, the horizontal length from the interior-facing end of the upper end of the first interior material 21 to the wall-facing end of the lower end of the second interior material is secured as the separation distance (arrow R) from the flame to the second interior material 22.

[0071] In Figures 8B and 8C, the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22 are separated, which can suppress (delay) the spread of fire to the second interior material 22. However, in Figures 8B and 8C, the lower end of the second interior material 22 faces the flame burning the first interior material 21. In contrast, in Figures 7A and 8A, the second interior material 22 is located on the opposite side of the flame burning the first interior material 21. Therefore, the spread of fire to the second interior material 22 can be suppressed more reliably.

[0072] Furthermore, it is desirable that the upper end of the first interior material 21 and the lower end of the second interior material 22 coincide or overlap in the height direction. This makes it more difficult to see the walls 3 and 4 when viewing the interior material 20 from the interior side. In other words, the walls 3 and 4 can be covered with the interior material 20 over a wider area, improving the aesthetic appeal of the wall interior.

[0073] However, this is not limited to this, and the upper end of the first interior material 21 and the lower end of the second interior material 22 may be spaced apart in the height direction. In this case, the separation distance from the flame to the second interior material 22 can be made longer (because the separation distance in the height direction is added to the separation distance in the horizontal direction). Therefore, the spread of fire to the second interior material 22 can be further suppressed. In particular, as shown in Figures 8B and 8C, when the second interior material 22 is located on the side facing the flame burning the first interior material 21, the upper end of the first interior material 21 and the lower end of the second interior material 22 may be spaced apart in the height direction.

[0074] Furthermore, even if at least one of the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22 is installed at an angle to the surface of the wall 3, 4, the upper end 21a of the first interior material 21 and the lower end 22a of the second interior material 22 may not be separated horizontally, and their horizontal (out-of-plane) positions may coincide. Although not shown in the diagram, examples include cases where the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22 are inclined in opposite directions, or where the second interior material 22 is inclined so that it is positioned towards the interior as it goes upwards, relative to the first interior material 21 which is along the surface of the walls 3 and 4, or where the first interior material 21 is inclined so that it is positioned towards the wall as it goes upwards, relative to the second interior material 22 which is along the surface of the walls 3 and 4. In these cases, it is preferable to space the upper end of the first interior material 21 and the lower end of the second interior material 22 in the height direction. By doing so, the second interior material 22 can be separated from the flames, and the spread of fire to the second interior material 22 can be suppressed.

[0075] (modified version) Figure 9 shows a modified example of the interior structure 2I of the third embodiment. Similar to the first interior material 21 and second interior material 22 provided on the walls 3 and 4, interior materials (51, 52) provided on the ceiling 7 may also be arranged. In other words, the interior ceiling 7 is provided with a first interior material 51 made of a combustible material and a second interior material 52 made of a combustible material, which is located close to the first interior material 51 and on the interior side of the first interior material 21. The first interior material 51 and the second interior material 52 are located close to each other, but the interior structure 2I may be spaced apart in the height direction (in the direction perpendicular to the surface 7a of the ceiling 7).

[0076] In Figure 9, both the first interior material 51 and the second interior material 52 are inclined with respect to the surface 7a of the ceiling 7, and are inclined so that they are located lower as they move towards the interior side in the horizontal direction (X or Y direction). However, the interior materials (51, 52) installed on the ceiling may be arranged in the same way as the interior materials (21, 22) installed on the walls 3, 4 shown in Figures 8A to 8C. In either case, the interior side end of the first interior material 51 (the end on the second interior material side) and the wall side end of the second interior material 52 (the end on the first interior material side) can be spaced apart in the height direction. Therefore, flames that have spread from the wall to the first interior material 51 are less likely to spread to the second interior material 52, and the spread of fire to the entire ceiling can be suppressed (delayed). As a result, combustible materials desired by the user (e.g., untreated wood) can be used on the ceiling surface, improving the aesthetic design of the room.

[0077] In particular, as shown in Figure 9, it is preferable that the first interior material 51 is inclined such that the interior-side end of the first interior material 51 closest to the wall is located downwards. In this case, the second interior material 52 is located on the opposite side of the flames that have spread from the wall to the first interior material 51, thus further suppressing the spread of fire to the second interior material 52. Furthermore, on the ceiling surface, the separate and spaced-apart interior materials (51, 52) may be arranged in a line in either the X or Y direction, or the interior materials (51, 52) arranged in the X direction and the interior materials (51, 52) arranged in the Y direction may be mixed together.

[0078] ===Fourth Embodiment=== Figures 10A and 10B are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating the interior material 20 of the fourth embodiment. In the interior structure 2I of the fourth embodiment, similar to the third embodiment, the interior walls 3 and 4 are provided with a first interior material 21 made of a combustible material, such as wood, and a second interior material 22 made of a combustible material, such as wood, positioned above the first interior material 21. The first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22 are spaced apart.

[0079] By doing so, the flames burning the first interior material 21 (lower part of the wall) can be separated from the second interior material 22 (upper part of the wall). Therefore, the spread of fire to the second interior material 22 and upwards in the room can be suppressed (delayed). In addition, the interior material 20 (21, 22) and the ceiling can be made from materials desired by the user (for example, untreated wood).

[0080] Specifically, in the interior structure 2I of the fourth embodiment, the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22 are provided along the wall surfaces of walls 3 and 4, and the upper end of the first interior material 21 (the end on the second interior material side) and the lower end of the second interior material 22 (the end on the first interior material side) are spaced apart in the height direction (the direction along the wall surface).

[0081] In this case, the length in the height direction from the upper end of the first interior material 21 to the lower end of the second interior material is secured as the separation distance (arrow R) from the flame to the second interior material 22. Therefore, the spread of fire to the second interior material 22 and upward in the room can be suppressed (delayed). Furthermore, in the interior structure 2I of the fourth embodiment, the interior material 20 is provided along the surfaces of the walls 3 and 4, and there are no protruding members 30 that protrude into the room. Therefore, the space inside the living room 2 is not narrowed, and a wider space can be secured.

[0082] Furthermore, the height h for separating the interior material 20 (i.e., the height from the floor surface to the upper end of the first interior material 20) is the same as described in the first embodiment. Also, as shown in Figure 8A, the interior material 20 may be separated into three, two, or four or more parts in the height direction, and each part may be spaced apart in the height direction.

[0083] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 10A, it is preferable to expose the exterior walls 3 and 4 between the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22. In this case, a space (gap) is created between the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22. Therefore, flames will not spread to the members between the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22, and the spread of fire to the second interior material 22 can be further suppressed.

[0084] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 10B, an interior material made of a semi-noncombustible material (including noncombustible material) (hereinafter referred to as semi-noncombustible interior material 40) may be provided between the upper end of the first interior material 21 and the lower end of the second interior material 22. In this case, the semi-noncombustible interior material 40 can suppress the exposure of walls 3 and 4. Furthermore, the interior surfaces of walls 3 and 4 can be made flat by using the flammable interior material 20 and the semi-noncombustible interior material 40. In addition, compared to the case where flammable or flame-retardant material is provided between the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22, the time it takes for flames to spread from the first interior material 21 to the semi-noncombustible interior material 40 can be delayed. Therefore, the spread of fire to the second interior material 22 can also be suppressed (delayed).

[0085] (modified version) Figures 11A to 11C show modified examples of the interior structure 2I of the fourth embodiment. In the above embodiment, the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22, which are provided along the surfaces of walls 3 and 4, are spaced apart in the height direction, but this is not limited to this. As shown in Figure 11A, the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22 may be spaced apart in the lateral direction (X direction or Y direction). In this case, the lateral length from the first interior material 21 to the second interior material 22 is secured as the separation distance R, and the spread of flames in the lateral direction can be suppressed. Furthermore, although not shown in the diagram, the first interior material 21 and the second interior material 22 may be spaced apart in the height direction and also spaced apart in the lateral direction (X direction or Y direction). In this case, the distance from the first interior material 21 to the second interior material 22 in the direction inclined from the height direction and the lateral direction is secured as the separation distance R, and the spread of flames in the height direction (upward) and the lateral direction can be suppressed.

[0086] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 11B, the first interior material 51 and the second interior material 52, which are combustible materials, may be provided along the surface 7a of the ceiling 7, with the indoor side (second interior material side) of the first interior material 51 and the outdoor side (first interior material side) of the second interior material 52 spaced apart along the surface of the ceiling 7. Specifically, when the first interior material 51 and the second interior material 52 are aligned in the X direction, they are spaced apart in the X direction, and when the first interior material 51 and the second interior material 52 are aligned in the Y direction, they are spaced apart in the Y direction. In these cases, the spread of flames in the X or Y direction can be suppressed. Note that on the ceiling surface, the separated and spaced-apart interior materials may be arranged in one direction, either the X or the Y direction, or interior materials aligned in the X direction and interior materials aligned in the Y direction may be mixed and arranged.

[0087] Figure 11C is a view of the ceiling section 7 from below. As shown in Figure 11C, the first interior material 51 and the second interior material 52 may be spaced apart in both the X and Y directions in the ceiling section 7. In this case, the distance from the first interior material 51 to the second interior material 52 in the direction inclined from the X and Y directions is secured as a separation distance R, thereby suppressing the spread of flames in the X and Y directions.

[0088] As described above, by suppressing the spread of fire in the ceiling section 7, the user can use combustible materials (for example, untreated wood) on the ceiling surface 7a. The space between the first interior material and the second interior material may be empty, or a semi-noncombustible material may be provided between them.

[0089] ===Other Embodiments=== The embodiments described above are provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit its interpretation. The present invention can be modified and improved without departing from its spirit, and it goes without saying that equivalents thereof are included.

[0090] In the interior structure 2I of the above embodiment, flammable materials are used for the interior covering of the walls or ceilings, but it is not limited to buildings to which the interior finishing restrictions stipulated in Article 35-2 of the Building Standards Act and Articles 128-3-2 to 128-5 of the Enforcement Order of the Building Standards Act do not apply. For example, even in buildings subject to interior finishing restrictions, it may be applied to buildings to which the application of interior finishing restrictions has been relaxed depending on the floor area, ceiling height, fire extinguishing equipment, smoke exhaust equipment, etc. Alternatively, it may be applied to buildings to which the interior structure 2I of this embodiment has been confirmed to have evacuation safety performance by the evacuation safety verification method or has been certified by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.

[0091] Furthermore, the same interior structure 2I is not limited to being applied to all walls surrounding the living room 2. Multiple interior structures 2I from the first to fourth embodiments may be applied in combination to multiple walls surrounding the living room 2. Alternatively, the interior structure 2I from the first to fourth embodiments may be applied to either the walls or the ceiling, or to both the walls and the ceiling. When applied to both, the same interior structure from one embodiment may be applied, or different interior structures from different embodiments may be applied. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0092] 1 buildings, 2 living room, 2I Internal structure, 3. Exterior wall (wall), 4. Partition wall (wall), 5 floors, 6 openings, 20 Interior materials, 21 First interior material, 22 Second interior material, 30 Protruding member, 31 Surface part, 32 Core part, 40. Semi-non-combustible interior materials,

Claims

1. In the interior wall, a first interior material made of a combustible material and a second interior material made of a combustible material are provided, positioned adjacent to the first interior material and above it. The first interior material and the second interior material are spaced apart. At least one of the first interior material and the second interior material is provided at an inclination with respect to the surface of the wall, The end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the wall. An interior structure characterized in that the path between the end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the wall constitutes a separation path for suppressing the spread of fire from the first interior material to the second interior material.

2. The interior structure according to claim 1, The first interior material is inclined so that it is positioned towards the interior as it goes upwards. The interior structure is characterized in that the second interior material is positioned closer to the wall than the end of the first interior material that is on the side of the second interior material.

3. An interior structure according to claim 1 or 2, An interior structure characterized in that the end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material coincide or overlap in the height direction.

4. An interior structure according to claim 1 or 2, An interior structure characterized in that the end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material are spaced apart in the height direction.

5. In the interior wall, a first interior material made of a combustible material and a second interior material made of a combustible material are provided, positioned adjacent to the first interior material and above it. The first interior material and the second interior material are provided along the surface of the wall, The end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material are spaced apart in the height direction along the surface of the wall. Between the end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material, an interior material made of a semi-noncombustible or noncombustible material is provided. An interior structure characterized in that the interior material, which is a semi-noncombustible or noncombustible material, constitutes a separation portion for suppressing the spread of fire from the first interior material to the second interior material.

6. The interior structure according to claim 5, The interior structure is characterized in that the interior material, which is a semi-noncombustible material or a noncombustible material, together with the first interior material and the second interior material, forms a flat interior surface of the wall.

7. In the interior wall, a first interior material made of a combustible material and a second interior material made of a combustible material are provided, positioned adjacent to the first interior material and above it. The first interior material and the second interior material are provided along the surface of the wall, The end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material are spaced apart in the height direction along the surface of the wall. Between the end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material, the surface of the wall is exposed. An interior structure characterized in that the portion of the wall surface that is exposed constitutes a separation portion for suppressing the spread of fire from the first interior material to the second interior material.

8. In the ceiling of the room, a first interior material made of a combustible material and a second interior material made of a combustible material are provided, which are arranged adjacent to the first interior material and in a direction along the surface of the ceiling. The first interior material and the second interior material are provided along the surface of the ceiling, The end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material are spaced apart in a direction along the surface of the ceiling portion. Between the end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material, an interior material made of a semi-noncombustible or noncombustible material is provided. An interior structure characterized in that the interior material, which is a semi-noncombustible or noncombustible material, constitutes a separation portion for suppressing the spread of fire from the first interior material to the second interior material.

9. The interior structure according to claim 8, The interior structure is characterized in that the interior material, which is a semi-noncombustible material or a noncombustible material, together with the first interior material and the second interior material, forms a flat interior surface of the ceiling.

10. In the ceiling of the room, a first interior material made of a combustible material and a second interior material made of a combustible material are provided, which are arranged adjacent to the first interior material and in a direction along the surface of the ceiling. The first interior material and the second interior material are provided along the surface of the ceiling, The end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material are spaced apart in a direction along the surface of the ceiling portion. Between the end of the first interior material on the side of the second interior material and the end of the second interior material on the side of the first interior material, the surface of the ceiling portion is exposed. An interior structure characterized in that the exposed portion of the ceiling surface constitutes a separation portion for suppressing the spread of fire from the first interior material to the second interior material.

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