UV-absorbing glass composition, article, and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

This specification discloses glass compositions, articles manufactured from the disclosed glass compositions, and methods for manufacturing the same. More specifically, this specification discloses a glass comprising about 0.09 to about 1.00 wt% cerium oxide, about 0.01 to less than 0.25 wt% iron oxide, about 0.01 to about 2.0 wt% zinc oxide, and more than 0 wt% to about 0.1 wt% titanium oxide, and substantially free of erbium.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention generally relates to ultraviolet-absorbing glass compositions, glass articles containing the compositions, and methods for manufacturing the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Humankind learned how to make glass articles more than 5,000 years ago. Modern glass applications are extremely diverse, encompassing both commercial and consumer uses. Glass is widely used in everyday and technical applications, including those related to the automotive, electronics, and spectroscopy industries. Glass articles are often exposed to various environments, and glass compositions must be designed to withstand these environments to ensure the long-term durability of the articles. For example, glass products such as glass containers, window panes, car windshields, laser host materials, fibers, and tubes are used in both everyday applications like bottles, vases, art glassware, architectural windows, and car windshields, and technical applications like glass tubing, optical fibers, and laser host materials. However, they are often subjected to environmental damage from moisture, which can result in the loss of their initial properties. Furthermore, since glass containers are often used to store articles sensitive to ultraviolet light, it is important to create glass containers that can block the transmission of such ultraviolet light, which can affect the quality or performance of the articles inside. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0003] Due to the cost and processability of molten glass, there is a need for the development of commercially viable low-UV-transmitting glass compositions. However, adding UV-absorbing oxides to soda-lime silica glass results in undesirable discoloration. Therefore, there is a need for relatively neutral-colored, high-visible-light-transmitting glass articles containing significantly less chemical or physical decolorizing agent than is typically required for decolorizing UV-transmitting container glass. If necessary, lightly tinted, high-visible-light-transmitting glass articles can be manufactured.

[0004] This disclosure will at least partially satisfy these and other needs. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In various aspects, the disclosure relates to glass comprising about 0.09 to about 1.00 wt% cerium oxide, about 0.01 to less than 0.25 wt% iron oxide, about 0.01 to about 2.0 wt% zinc oxide, and more than 0 wt% to about 0.1 wt% titanium oxide, and substantially free of erbium.

[0006] In yet another embodiment, the glass is a soda lime composition further comprising about 65 to about 75% by weight of SiO2, about 8 to about 20% by weight of Na2O, 0 to about 15% by weight of CaO, 0 to about 10% of MgO, 0 to about 5% by weight of Al2O3, 0 to about 3% by weight of B2O3, 0 to about 3% by weight of K2O, and 0 to about 1% by weight of Li2O. In yet another embodiment, the glass is a soda lime silicate type composition.

[0007] Furthermore, the glass disclosed herein exhibits a transmittance of less than 45% in the wavelength range of about 300 to about 380 nm. On the other hand, in a further embodiment, the glass exhibits a transmittance of about 80% or more in the wavelength range of over 380 nm to about 780 nm. In a further embodiment, the glass is substantially colorless.

[0008] This specification also discloses articles containing any of the glass disclosed herein. In further embodiments, articles may include tableware, hollowware, jars, optical fibers, hollow fibers, laboratory equipment, art glassware, or any combination thereof.

[0009] The disclosure also discloses a glass that contains approximately 0.09 to approximately 1.00 wt% cerium oxide, approximately 0.01 to less than 0.25 wt% iron oxide, approximately 0.01 to approximately 2.0 wt% zinc oxide, and more than 0 wt% to approximately 0.1 wt% titanium oxide, and is substantially free of erbium.

[0010] This specification also discloses a) a method comprising: a) obtaining about 65 to about 75 wt% SiO2, about 8 to about 20 wt% Na2O, 0 to about 15 wt% CaO, 0 to about 10% MgO, 0 to about 5 wt% Al2O3, 0 to about 3 wt% B2O3, 0 to about 3 wt% K2O, 0 to about 1 wt% Li2Ov, about 0.09 to about 1.00 wt% cerium oxide, about 0.01 to about 0.25 wt% iron oxide, about 0.01 to about 2.0 wt% zinc oxide, and more than 0 wt% to less than 0.08 wt% titanium oxide; b) forming a homogeneous mixture; c) initially melting the mixture at a temperature of about 1400°C to about 1500°C to form a molten mixture; and d) forming any of the glasses disclosed herein that are substantially erbium-free.

[0011] In a further embodiment, this specification discloses a method for forming an article comprising any of the glass compositions disclosed above.

[0012] Further aspects of this disclosure are described in the following detailed description, drawings, or claims, and may be derived in part from the detailed description or acquired through the practice of this specification. Please understand that the above general description and the following modes for carrying out the invention are all illustrative and descriptive and do not limit the disclosed invention. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0013] [Figure 1] The ultraviolet transmittance as a function of cerium dioxide concentration in an exemplary glass according to one embodiment is shown. [Figure 2] The a* and b* values ​​of various glass compositions according to one embodiment are shown. [Figure 3]This shows the ultraviolet transmittance as a function of different components present in an exemplary glass according to one embodiment. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0014] The present invention can be more readily understood by referring to the following detailed description, examples, drawings, and claims, as well as the preceding and following descriptions thereof. However, before disclosing and describing the articles, systems, and / or methods, it should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the present invention is not limited to specific or exemplary embodiments of the disclosed articles, systems, and / or methods, and is naturally variable. It should also be understood that the terms used herein are for the sole purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit them.

[0015] The following description of the present invention is provided as possible teachings of the present invention in the best known mode. For this purpose, it will be recognized and understood by those skilled in the art that many modifications can be made to the various modes of the present invention described herein while still obtaining the beneficial results of the present invention. It will also be apparent that some of the desired benefits of the present invention can be obtained by selecting some of the features of the present invention without utilizing other features. Accordingly, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that many modifications and adaptations to the present invention are possible, and in certain circumstances may even be desirable, and are part of the present invention. Accordingly, the following description is provided further as an example of the principles of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0016] definition As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include multiple references. Therefore, for example, a reference to "article" includes embodiments having two or more such articles, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0017] It should be understood that certain features of the present disclosure that are described in the context of separate aspects for clarity may also be provided in combination as a single aspect. Conversely, various features of the present disclosure that are described in a single aspect for brevity may also be provided separately or in any suitable combination.

[0018] As used herein, the terms "optional" or "optionally" mean that the event or situation described later may or may not occur, and the description includes both the case where the event or situation occurs and the case where it does not occur.

[0019] It should also be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular aspects only and are not intended to be limiting. The term "comprising" as used in this specification and the claims can include "consisting of" and "consisting essentially of" aspects. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Many terms are referred to in this specification and the following claims, and these are to be defined as set forth herein.

[0020] For the terms "for example" and "such as" and their grammatically equivalent expressions, it is understood that the phrase "but not limited to these" follows unless explicitly stated otherwise.

[0021] While the numerical ranges and parameters representing the broad scope of this disclosure are approximations, the numerical values ​​shown in specific examples are reported as accurately as possible. Every numerical value, however, inherently contains a certain degree of error that inevitably arises from the standard deviation observed during each of those test measurements. Furthermore, where various ranges of numerical values ​​are described herein, it is intended that any combination of these values, including the listed values, may be used. Additionally, ranges may be expressed herein as "approximately" from one particular value and / or "approximately" from another particular value. Where such a range is expressed, another aspect includes "from that particular value and / or from that other particular value."

[0022] Similarly, when a value is expressed as an approximation using the preceding "approximately," it will be understood that the specific value forms a different aspect. Furthermore, it will be understood that each endpoint of the range is important both in relation to the other endpoint and independently of the other endpoint. Unless otherwise specified, the term "approximately" means within 5% (e.g., within 2% or 1%) of the specific value modified by the term "approximately."

[0023] Through this disclosure, various aspects of the present invention may be presented in range form. It should be understood that the range form is for convenience and brevity only and should not be interpreted as immutably limiting the scope of the invention. Accordingly, a range description should be considered to specifically disclose not only all possible subranges but also the individual numerical values ​​within that range. For example, a range description such as 1 to 6 should be considered to specifically disclose not only subranges such as 1 to 3, 1 to 4, 1 to 5, 2 to 4, 2 to 6, and 3 to 6, but also the individual numerical values ​​within that range, such as 1, 2, 2.7, 3, 4, 5, 5.3, 6 and the whole and partial increments between them. This applies regardless of the breadth of the range.

[0024] As used herein, the term “composition” encompasses products containing specified amounts of specified components, and any products obtained directly or indirectly from combinations of specified amounts of specified components. Where disclosed herein, the term “glass composition” should be understood to refer to glass that has been molten to form a given composition but has not yet been formed into a specific glass article. It should be further understood that the glass composition as used herein is not the same as the batch components introduced into the mixture before the glass is formed. In some embodiments, the batch components used to form the composition may contain elements that are substantially not present in the glass composition.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, the weight percentage (W%) of an ingredient refers to the total weight of the compound or composition in which that ingredient is contained.

[0026] As used herein, the term “substantially” means that the event or situation described thereafter occurs completely, or that the event or situation described thereafter occurs generally, normally, or almost.

[0027] Furthermore, the term “substantially” may mean at least about 80%, at least about 85%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or about 100% of the stated properties, components, composition, or other conditions that “substantially” is used to characterize or quantify the quantity of thereabouts.

[0028] In other embodiments, as used herein, the term “substantially absent” means, when used in relation to a composition or component of a composition that is substantially absent, that the component described is not intentionally batched or added to the composition but may be present as an impurity along with other components added to the composition. In such embodiments, the term “substantially absent” means trace amounts that may be present in a batched component, for example, trace amounts that may be present in amounts of less than about 1% by weight of the total weight of the composition, for example, less than about 0.5% by weight, less than about 0.1% by weight, less than about 0.05% by weight, or less than about 0.01% by weight of the described substance.

[0029] As used herein, the term “substantially identical” or “substantially similar” means a method, system, or component that is at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or about 100% similar to the method, system, or component being compared.

[0030] As used herein, the term “melting point” refers to the temperature at which a batch material completely melts and a uniform liquid is obtained. According to glass industry convention, the melting point occurs at a liquid viscosity of approximately 10 Pa·s.

[0031] Each aspect of the present invention may be described and claimed in a specific legal classification, such as a legal classification relating to systems, but this is for convenience only, and those skilled in the art will understand that each aspect of the present invention may be described and claimed in any legal classification. Unless otherwise expressly stated, none of the methods or aspects described herein are intended to be construed as requiring their steps to be performed in a specific order. Therefore, where the claims or embodiments for carrying out the invention do not specifically state that the steps should be limited to a specific order, they do not imply a specific order in any sense. This applies to all possible implicit grounds, including logical matters relating to the sequence or flow of operations of the steps, ordinary meanings derived from grammatical structure or punctuation, or the number or types of aspects described in the specification.

[0032] The present invention can be more readily understood by referring to the following detailed description of various aspects of the invention, as well as the examples contained herein, and by referring to the drawings and the descriptions therefor.

[0033] The present invention can be more readily understood by referring to the following detailed description of various aspects of the invention, as well as the examples contained herein, and by referring to the drawings and the descriptions therefor.

[0034] composition In some embodiments, this specification describes a glass substantially free of erbium, comprising about 0.09 to about 1.00 wt% cerium oxide, about 0.01 to less than 0.25 wt% iron oxide, about 0.01 to about 2.0 wt% zinc oxide, and more than 0 wt% to about 0.1 wt% titanium oxide. It should be understood that the cerium oxide may have any valence of cerium, if applicable to the desired purpose. In some exemplary and non-limiting embodiments, the cerium oxide is cerium dioxide (CeO2). It should be understood that the iron oxide may have any valence of iron, if applicable to the desired purpose. In some exemplary and non-limiting embodiments, the iron oxide is diiron trioxide (Fe2O3). It will be further understood that in some other exemplary and non-limiting embodiments, the iron oxide may also include iron oxide, or a mixture of diiron trioxide and iron oxide. Similarly, titanium oxide can have any desired titanium value. In some exemplary and non-limiting embodiments, titanium oxide is titanium dioxide (TiO2).

[0035] It will be further understood that any of the oxides disclosed herein may have any desired valence of elements other than oxygen. For example, but not limited to these, manganese oxide may, if present, include, for example, Mn3O4, Mn2O3, MnO3, Mn2O7, or any combination thereof. In a further embodiment, manganese oxide is MnO. Similarly, cobalt oxide may exist as Co2O3, Co3O4, or any combination thereof. In a further embodiment, manganese oxide is CoO.

[0036] In yet another embodiment, cerium oxide may be present in amounts ranging from about 0.09% by weight to about 1.00% by weight, with exemplary values ​​being about 0.1% by weight, about 0.15% by weight, about 0.2% by weight, about 0.25% by weight, about 0.3% by weight, 0.35% by weight, about 0.4% by weight, about 0.45% by weight, about 0.5% by weight, about 0.55% by weight, about 0.6% by weight, about 0.65% by weight, about 0.7% by weight, about 0.75% by weight, about 0.8% by weight, 0.85% by weight, about 0.9% by weight, and about 0.95% by weight.

[0037] In further embodiments, iron oxide is present in amounts less than about 0.01–0.25% by weight, approximately 0.02% by weight, approximately 0.025% by weight, approximately 0.03% by weight, approximately 0.035% by weight, approximately 0.04% by weight, approximately 0.045% by weight, approximately 0.05% by weight, approximately 0.055% by weight, approximately 0.06% by weight, approximately 0.065% by weight, approximately 0.07% by weight, approximately 0.075% by weight, approximately 0.08% by weight, approximately 0 It exists in amounts containing 0.085% by weight, approximately 0.09% by weight, approximately 0.095% by weight, approximately 0.1% by weight, approximately 0.11% by weight, approximately 0.12% by weight, approximately 0.13% by weight, approximately 0.14% by weight, approximately 0.15% by weight, approximately 0.16% by weight, approximately 0.17% by weight, approximately 0.18% by weight, approximately 0.19% by weight, approximately 0.20% by weight, approximately 0.21% by weight, approximately 0.22% by weight, and approximately 0.23% by weight.

[0038] In a further embodiment, zinc oxide may be present in amounts of about 0.01 to about 2.0% by weight, with exemplary values ​​being about 0.02% by weight, about 0.025% by weight, about 0.03% by weight, about 0.035% by weight, and about 0.04% by weight. Approximately 0.045% by weight, approximately 0.05% by weight, approximately 0.055% by weight, approximately 0.06% by weight, approximately 0.065% by weight, approximately 0.07% by weight, approximately 0.075% by weight, approximately 0.08% by weight, approximately 0.085% by weight, approximately 0.09% by weight, approximately 0.095% by weight, approximately 0.1% by weight %, about 0.11% by weight, about 0.12% by weight, about 0.13% by weight, about 0.14% by weight, about 0.15% by weight, about 0.16% by weight, about 0.17% by weight, about 0.18% by weight, about 0.19% by weight, about 0.20% by weight, about 0.25% by weight, about 0.3% by weight, about 0 It exists in amounts containing 0.35% by weight, approximately 0.4% by weight, approximately 0.45% by weight, approximately 0.5% by weight, approximately 0.6% by weight, approximately 0.65% by weight, approximately 0.7% by weight, approximately 0.75% by weight, approximately 0.8% by weight, approximately 0.85% by weight, approximately 0.9% by weight, approximately 0.95% by weight, approximately 1.0% by weight, approximately 1.1% by weight, approximately 1.15% by weight, approximately 1.20% by weight, approximately 1.25% by weight, approximately 1.3% by weight, approximately 1.35% by weight, approximately 1.4% by weight, approximately 1.45% by weight, approximately 1.5% by weight, approximately 1.6% by weight, approximately 1.65% by weight, approximately 1.7% by weight, approximately 1.75% by weight, approximately 1.8% by weight, approximately 1.85% by weight, approximately 1.9% by weight, and approximately 1.95% by weight.

[0039] In a further embodiment, titanium dioxide is titanium dioxide in an amount greater than 0 to 0.1% by weight, as exemplary values, about 0.00001% by weight, about 0.00005% by weight, about 0.0001% by weight, about 0.0002% by weight, about 0.0003% by weight, about 0.0004% by weight, about 0.0005% by weight, about 0.0006% by weight, about 0.0007% by weight, about 0.0008% by weight, about 0.0009% by weight, about 0.001% by weight It exists in amounts containing approximately 0.002% by weight, approximately 0.003% by weight, approximately 0.004% by weight, approximately 0.005% by weight, approximately 0.006% by weight, approximately 0.007% by weight, approximately 0.008% by weight, approximately 0.009% by weight, approximately 0.01% by weight, approximately 0.02% by weight, approximately 0.03% by weight, approximately 0.04% by weight, approximately 0.05% by weight, approximately 0.06% by weight, approximately 0.07% by weight, approximately 0.08% by weight, and approximately 0.09% by weight.

[0040] In certain embodiments, in addition to cerium (e.g., existing as cerium dioxide), other rare earth elements may be present in the glass. In such embodiments, the glass may contain one or more additional rare earth elements in addition to cerium (e.g., existing as cerium dioxide). It will be understood that, but are not limited to, these additional rare earth elements include scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, thulium, asterisk, and lutetium. In yet another embodiment, none of these additional rare earth elements are present. In yet another embodiment, the glass is substantially erbium-free.

[0041] In a further embodiment, the glass is a soda-lime composition. In such an embodiment, the glass further comprises about 65 to about 75% by weight of SiO2, about 8 to about 20% by weight of Na2O, 0 to about 15% by weight of CaO, 0 to about 10% of MgO, 0 to about 5% by weight of Al2O3, 0 to about 3% by weight of B2O3, 0 to about 3% by weight of K2O, 0 to 0.5% by weight of SO3, and 0 to about 1% by weight of Li2O.

[0042] In embodiments where the glass is a soda-lime composition, SiO2 may be present in amounts of about 65 to about 75% by weight, with exemplary values ​​being about 65.5% by weight, about 66% by weight, about 66.5% by weight, about 67% by weight, about 67.5% by weight, about 68% by weight, about 68.5% by weight, about 69% by weight, about 69.5% by weight, about 70% by weight, about 70.5% by weight, about 71% by weight, about 71.5% by weight, about 72% by weight, about 72.5% by weight, about 73% by weight, about 73.5% by weight, about 74% by weight, and about 74.5% by weight.

[0043] In embodiments where the glass is a soda-lime composition, Na2O may be present in amounts of about 8 to about 20% by weight, as exemplary values, about 8.5% by weight, about 9% by weight, about 9.5% by weight, about 10% by weight, about 10.5% by weight, about 11% by weight, about 11.5% by weight, about 12% by weight, about 12.5% ​​by weight, about 13% by weight, about 13.5% by weight, about 14% by weight, about 14.5% by weight, about 15% by weight, about 15.5% by weight, about 16% by weight, about 16.5% by weight, about 17% by weight, about 17.5% by weight, about 18% by weight, about 18.5% by weight, about 19% by weight and about 19.5% by weight.

[0044] In embodiments where the glass is a soda-lime composition, CaO may be present in amounts ranging from 0 to about 15% by weight, with exemplary values ​​including about 0.01% by weight, about 0.05% by weight, about 0.1% by weight, about 0.5% by weight, about 1% by weight, about 1.5% by weight, about 2% by weight, about 2.5% by weight, about 3% by weight, about 3.5% by weight, about 4% by weight, about 4.5% by weight, about 5% by weight, about 5.5% by weight, about 6% by weight, about 6.5% by weight, about 7% by weight, about 7.5% by weight, about 8% by weight, about 8.5% by weight, about 9% by weight, about 9.5% by weight, about 10% by weight, about 10.5% by weight, about 11% by weight, about 11.5% by weight, about 12% by weight, about 12.5% ​​by weight, about 13% by weight, about 13.5% by weight, about 14% by weight, and about 14.5% by weight.

[0045] In embodiments where the glass is a soda-lime composition, MgO may be present in amounts ranging from 0 to about 10% by weight, with exemplary values ​​including about 0.01% by weight, about 0.05% by weight, about 0.1% by weight, about 0.5% by weight, about 1% by weight, about 1.5% by weight, about 2% by weight, about 2.5% by weight, about 3% by weight, about 3.5% by weight, about 4% by weight, about 4.5% by weight, about 5% by weight, about 5.5% by weight, about 6% by weight, about 6.5% by weight, about 7% by weight, about 7.5% by weight, about 8% by weight, about 8.5% by weight, about 9% by weight, and about 9.5% by weight.

[0046] In embodiments where the glass is a soda-lime composition, Al2O3 is present in amounts of 0 to about 5% by weight, as exemplary values, about 0.01% by weight, about 0.05% by weight, about 0.1% by weight, about 0.5% by weight, about 1% by weight, about 1.1% by weight, about 1.2% by weight, about 1.3% by weight, about 1.4% by weight, about 1.5% by weight, about 1.6% by weight, about 1.7% by weight, about 1.8% by weight, about 1.9% by weight, about 2% by weight, about 2.1% by weight, about 2.2% by weight, about 2.3% by weight, about 2.4% by weight, and about 2.5% by weight. It may exist in amounts containing %, approximately 2.6% by weight, approximately 2.7% by weight, approximately 2.8% by weight, approximately 2.9% by weight, approximately 3% by weight, approximately 3.1% by weight, approximately 3.2% by weight, approximately 3.3% by weight, approximately 3.4% by weight, approximately 3.5% by weight, approximately 3.6% by weight, approximately 3.7% by weight, approximately 3.8% by weight, approximately 3.9% by weight, approximately 4% by weight, approximately 4.1% by weight, approximately 4.2% by weight, approximately 4.3% by weight, approximately 4.4% by weight, approximately 4.5% by weight, approximately 4.6% by weight, approximately 4.7% by weight, approximately 4.8% by weight, and approximately 4.9% by weight.

[0047] In embodiments where the glass is a soda-lime composition, B2O3 may be present in amounts ranging from 0 to about 3% by weight, with exemplary values ​​including about 0.01% by weight, about 0.05% by weight, about 0.1% by weight, about 0.5% by weight, about 1% by weight, about 1.1% by weight, about 1.2% by weight, about 1.3% by weight, about 1.4% by weight, about 1.5% by weight, about 1.6% by weight, about 1.7% by weight, about 1.8% by weight, about 1.9% by weight, about 2% by weight, about 2.1% by weight, about 2.2% by weight, about 2.3% by weight, about 2.4% by weight, about 2.5% by weight, about 2.6% by weight, about 2.7% by weight, about 2.8% by weight, and about 2.9% by weight.

[0048] In embodiments where the glass is a soda-lime composition, K2O may be present in amounts ranging from 0 to about 3% by weight, with exemplary values ​​including about 0.01% by weight, about 0.05% by weight, about 0.1% by weight, about 0.5% by weight, about 1% by weight, about 1.1% by weight, about 1.2% by weight, about 1.3% by weight, about 1.4% by weight, about 1.5% by weight, about 1.6% by weight, about 1.7% by weight, about 1.8% by weight, about 1.9% by weight, about 2% by weight, about 2.1% by weight, about 2.2% by weight, about 2.3% by weight, about 2.4% by weight, about 2.5% by weight, about 2.6% by weight, about 2.7% by weight, about 2.8% by weight, and about 2.9% by weight.

[0049] In embodiments where the glass is a soda-lime composition, Li2O may be present in amounts ranging from 0 to about 3% by weight, with exemplary values ​​including about 0.01% by weight, about 0.02% by weight, about 0.03% by weight, about 0.04% by weight, about 0.05% by weight, about 0.06% by weight, about 0.07% by weight, about 0.08% by weight, about 0.09% by weight, about 0.1% by weight, about 0.2% by weight, about 0.3% by weight, about 0.4% by weight, about 0.5% by weight, about 0.6% by weight, about 0.7% by weight, about 0.8% by weight, and about 0.9% by weight.

[0050] This specification also discloses embodiments in which any of the above-disclosed glasses may further contain SO3 in amounts of about 0 to about 0.5% by weight, as exemplary values, about 0.01% by weight, about 0.02% by weight, about 0.03% by weight, about 0.04% by weight, about 0.05% by weight, about 0.06% by weight, about 0.07% by weight, about 0.08% by weight, about 0.09% by weight, about 0.1% by weight, about 0.15% by weight, about 0.2% by weight, about 0.25% by weight, about 0.3% by weight, about 0.35% by weight, about 0.4% by weight, and about 0.45% by weight.

[0051] This specification also discloses embodiments in which any of the above-disclosed glasses may further contain cobalt oxide in amounts ranging from 0 to about 0.02% by weight, as exemplary values, about 0.00001% by weight, about 0.00005% by weight, about 0.0001% by weight, about 0.0005% by weight, about 0.001% by weight, about 0.005% by weight, about 0.006% by weight, about 0.007% by weight, about 0.008% by weight, about 0.009% by weight, about 0.01% by weight, about 0.011% by weight, about 0.012% by weight, about 0.013% by weight, about 0.014% by weight, about 0.015% by weight, about 0.016% by weight, about 0.017% by weight, about 0.018% by weight, and about 0.019% by weight.

[0052] This specification also discloses embodiments in which any of the above-disclosed glasses may further contain selenium in amounts ranging from 0 to about 0.02 wt%, as exemplary values, about 0.00001 wt%, about 0.00005 wt%, about 0.0001 wt%, about 0.0005 wt%, about 0.001 wt%, about 0.005 wt%, about 0.006 wt%, about 0.007 wt%, about 0.008 wt%, about 0.009 wt%, about 0.01 wt%, about 0.011 wt%, about 0.012 wt%, about 0.013 wt%, about 0.014 wt%, about 0.015 wt%, about 0.016 wt%, about 0.017 wt%, about 0.018 wt%, and about 0.019 wt%.

[0053] This specification also discloses that any of the above-disclosed glasses further contain manganese oxide in amounts ranging from about 0.01% to about 1% by weight, as exemplary values, about 0.02% by weight, about 0.025% by weight, about 0.03% by weight, about 0.035% by weight, about 0.04% by weight, about 0.045% by weight, about 0.05% by weight, about 0.055% by weight, about 0.06% by weight, about 0.065% by weight, about 0.07% by weight, about 0.075% by weight, about 0.08% by weight, about 0.085% by weight, about 0.09% by weight, about 0.095% by weight, about 0.1% by weight, about 0.11% by weight, about 0.12% by weight, about 0.13% by weight, about 0.14% by weight, about 0.15% by weight, about 0.16% by weight, about 0.17% by weight, about 0.18% by weight, and about 0.19% by weight. %, about 0.20% by weight, about 0.25% by weight, about 0.3% by weight, about 0.35% by weight, about 0.4% by weight, about 0.45% by weight, about 0.5% by weight, about 0.6% by weight, about 0.6 5% by weight, approximately 0.7% by weight, approximately 0.75% by weight, approximately 0.8% by weight, approximately 0.85% by weight, approximately 0.9% by weight, approximately 0.95% by weight, approximately 1.0% by weight, approximately 1.1% by weight, approximately 1 Embodiments that may include 0.15% by weight, approximately 1.20% by weight, approximately 1.25% by weight, approximately 1.3% by weight, approximately 1.35% by weight, approximately 1.45% by weight, approximately 1.5% by weight, approximately 1.6% by weight, approximately 1.65% by weight, approximately 1.7% by weight, approximately 1.75% by weight, approximately 1.8% by weight, approximately 1.85% by weight, approximately 1.9% by weight, and approximately 1.95% by weight are also disclosed.

[0054] In a further embodiment, the glass disclosed herein may further contain certain amounts of CuO, Cu2O, NiO, Cr2O3, Sb2O3, P2O5, As2O3, or combinations thereof. In such embodiments, these compounds may be present independently of each other in amounts greater than zero but less than about 5% by weight, less than about 4% by weight, less than about 3% by weight, less than about 2% by weight, about 1% by weight, less than about 0.5% by weight, or less than about 0.1% by weight. In further embodiments, these compounds may be present independently of each other in amounts greater than 0 to less than about 5% by weight, including, as exemplary values, about 0.00001% by weight, about 0.00005% by weight, about 0.0001% by weight, about 0.0005% by weight, about 0.001% by weight, about 0.005% by weight, about 0.01% by weight, about 0.05% by weight, about 0.1% by weight, about 0.5% by weight, about 1% by weight, about 1.5% by weight, about 2% by weight, about 2.5% by weight, about 3% by weight, 3.5% by weight, about 4% by weight, and about 4.5% by weight. It will be further understood that these compounds may be present as impurities or may be intentionally added to the glass composition in any of the above amounts as needed.

[0055] In a further embodiment, the glass exhibits transmittances of less than approximately 45%, less than approximately 40%, less than approximately 30%, less than approximately 25%, less than approximately 20%, less than approximately 15%, less than approximately 10%, less than approximately 5%, or less than approximately 1% in the wavelength range of approximately 300 to approximately 380 nm, including, as exemplary wavelengths, approximately 300 nm, approximately 310 nm, approximately 320 nm, approximately 330 nm, approximately 340 nm, approximately 350 nm, approximately 360 nm, approximately 370 nm, and approximately 380 nm. It should be understood that these wavelengths are merely illustrative and include all wavelengths present within the range of 300 to 380 nm.

[0056] In a further embodiment, the glass disclosed herein has a wavelength range of over 380 nm to about 780 nm, with exemplary wavelengths being about 390 nm, about 400 nm, about 410 nm, about 420 nm, about 430 nm, about 440 nm, about 450 nm, about 460 nm, about 470 nm, about 480 nm, about 490 nm, about 500 nm, about 510 nm, about 520 nm, about 530 nm, about 540 nm, about 550 nm, about 560 nm, and about 570 nm. The light exhibits transmittances of approximately 80% or more, approximately 85% or more, or approximately 90% or more at wavelengths including approximately 580nm, approximately 590nm, approximately 600nm, approximately 610nm, approximately 620nm, approximately 630nm, approximately 640nm, approximately 650nm, approximately 660nm, approximately 670nm, approximately 680nm, approximately 690nm, approximately 700nm, approximately 710nm, approximately 720nm, approximately 730nm, approximately 740nm, approximately 750nm, approximately 760nm, approximately 770nm, and approximately 780nm. These wavelengths are merely illustrative, and it should be understood that all wavelengths in the range of over 380nm to 780nm are included. In a further embodiment, the glass disclosed herein has a wavelength range of over 380 nm to about 780 nm, with exemplary wavelengths being about 390 nm, about 400 nm, about 410 nm, about 420 nm, about 430 nm, about 440 nm, about 450 nm, about 460 nm, about 470 nm, about 480 nm, about 490 nm, about 500 nm, about 510 nm, about 520 nm, about 530 nm, about 540 nm, about 550 nm, about 560 nm, about The transmittance is approximately 80% to 93% at wavelengths including 570nm, approximately 580nm, approximately 590nm, approximately 600nm, approximately 610nm, approximately 620nm, approximately 630nm, approximately 640nm, approximately 650nm, approximately 660nm, approximately 670nm, approximately 680nm, approximately 690nm, approximately 700nm, approximately 710nm, approximately 720nm, approximately 730nm, approximately 740nm, approximately 750nm, approximately 760nm, approximately 770nm, and approximately 780nm, with exemplary values ​​including transmittances of approximately 81%, approximately 82%, approximately 83%, approximately 84%, approximately 85%, approximately 86%, approximately 87%, approximately 88%, approximately 89%, approximately 90%, approximately 91%, and approximately 92%.

[0057] In a further embodiment, the glass is substantially colorless. In yet another embodiment, the glass is colorless. In yet another embodiment, the glass may have a colored shade depending on the desired application. For example, but not limited to, the shade may be a blue-green hue.

[0058] In a further embodiment, it will be understood that the glass disclosed herein can be defined by at least one of an L value, an a* value, and / or a b* value, where L defines the lightness of the glass, a* defines the red / green value, and b* defines the blue / yellow value.

[0059] In such embodiments, the glass disclosed herein has an a* value of about -3 to about +3, with exemplary values ​​being about -2.9, about -2.8, about -2.7, about -2.6, about -2.5, about -2.4, about -2.3, about -2.2, about -2.1, about -2.0, about -1.9, about -1.8, about -1.7, about -1.6, about -1.5, about -1.4, about -1.3, about -1.2, about -1.1, about -1.0, about -0.9, about -0.8, about -0.7, about -0.6, about - Possible a* values ​​include 0.5, approximately -0.4, approximately -0.3, approximately -0.2, approximately -0.1, -0.0, approximately 0.1, approximately 0.2, approximately 0.3, approximately 0.4, approximately 0.5, approximately 0.6, approximately 0.7, approximately 0.8, approximately 0.9, approximately 1.0, approximately 1.1, approximately 1.2, approximately 1.3, approximately 1.4, approximately 1.5, approximately 1.6, approximately 1.7, approximately 1.8, approximately 1.9, approximately 2.0, approximately 2.1, approximately 2.2, approximately 2.3, approximately 2.4, approximately 2.5, approximately 2.6, approximately 2.7, approximately 2.8, and approximately 2.9.

[0060] In further embodiments, the glasses disclosed herein may exhibit b* values ​​ranging from 0 to about +3, including, as exemplary values, about 0.1, about 0.2, about 0.3, about 0.4, about 0.5, about 0.6, about 0.7, about 0.8, about 0.9, about 1.0, about 1.1, about 1.2, about 1.3, about 1.4, about 1.5, about 1.6, about 1.7, about 1.8, about 1.9, about 2.0, about 2.1, about 2.2, about 2.3, about 2.4, about 2.5, about 2.6, about 2.7, about 2.8, and about 2.9.

[0061] In a further embodiment, the glass disclosed herein can be defined by a redox value. In this disclosure, this redox value will be understood to be defined by the weight percentage of ferrous iron relative to the total iron concentration. In such embodiments, the glass disclosed herein may exhibit redox values ​​from 0% to about 50%, with exemplary values ​​being about 1%, about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, 30%, about 35%, about 40%, about 45%, and about 49%.

[0062] Goods This specification also discloses articles comprising any of the compositions disclosed above. For example, but not limited to, this disclosure also discloses a glass substantially free of erbium, comprising about 0.09 to about 1.00 wt% cerium oxide, about 0.01 to less than 0.25 wt% iron oxide, about 0.01 to about 2.0 wt% zinc oxide, and more than 0 wt% to about 0.1 wt% titanium oxide.

[0063] As detailed above, it should be understood that cerium oxide can have any valence of cerium, if applicable to the desired purpose. In some exemplary and non-limiting embodiments, cerium oxide is cerium dioxide (CeO2). It should be understood that iron oxide can have any valence of iron, if applicable to the desired purpose. In some exemplary and non-limiting embodiments, iron oxide is ferric trioxide (Fe2O3). It will be further understood that in some other exemplary and non-limiting embodiments, iron oxide may also include iron oxide, or a mixture of ferric trioxide and iron oxide. Similarly, titanium oxide can have any desired titanium value. In some exemplary and non-limiting embodiments, titanium oxide is titanium dioxide (TiO2).

[0064] It will be further understood that any of the oxides disclosed herein may have any desired valence of elements other than oxygen. For example, but not limited to these, manganese oxide may, if present, include, for example, Mn3O4, Mn2O3, MnO3, Mn2O7, or any combination thereof. In a further embodiment, manganese oxide is MnO. Similarly, cobalt oxide may exist as Co2O3, Co3O4, or any combination thereof. In a further embodiment, manganese oxide is CoO.

[0065] It will be understood that any of the components present in the glass may have any of the values ​​disclosed above.

[0066] In a further embodiment, any of the further elements disclosed above may be present in any of the amounts disclosed above in the glass composition used to form the articles disclosed herein.

[0067] In even more further embodiments, articles disclosed herein may have transmittances of less than 45%, less than 40%, less than 30%, less than 25%, less than 20%, less than 15%, less than 10%, less than 5%, or less than 1% in the wavelength range of about 300 to about 380 nm, including, as exemplary, wavelengths of about 300 nm, about 310 nm, about 320 nm, about 330 nm, about 340 nm, about 350 nm, about 360 nm, about 370 nm, and about 370 nm. It will be understood that these wavelengths are merely exemplary and include all wavelengths that exist within the range of about 300 to 380 nm. In a further embodiment, the articles disclosed herein are in the wavelength range of over 380 nm to about 780 nm, with exemplary wavelengths being about 390 nm, about 400 nm, about 410 nm, about 420 nm, about 430 nm, about 440 nm, about 450 nm, about 460 nm, about 470 nm, about 480 nm, about 490 nm, about 500 nm, about 510 nm, about 520 nm, about 530 nm, about 540 nm, about 550 nm, about 560 nm, and about 570 nm. The light exhibits transmittances of approximately 80% or more, approximately 85% or more, or approximately 90% or more at wavelengths including approximately 580nm, approximately 590nm, approximately 600nm, approximately 610nm, approximately 620nm, approximately 630nm, approximately 640nm, approximately 650nm, approximately 660nm, approximately 670nm, approximately 680nm, approximately 690nm, approximately 700nm, approximately 710nm, approximately 720nm, approximately 730nm, approximately 740nm, approximately 750nm, approximately 760nm, approximately 770nm, and approximately 780nm. These wavelengths are merely illustrative, and it should be understood that all wavelengths in the range of over 380nm to 780nm are included. In a further embodiment, the glass disclosed herein has a wavelength range of over 380 nm to about 780 nm, with exemplary wavelengths being about 390 nm, about 400 nm, about 410 nm, about 420 nm, about 430 nm, about 440 nm, about 450 nm, about 460 nm, about 470 nm, about 480 nm, about 490 nm, about 500 nm, about 510 nm, about 520 nm, about 530 nm, about 540 nm, about 550 nm, about 560 nm, about The transmittance is approximately 80% to 93% at wavelengths including 570nm, approximately 580nm, approximately 590nm, approximately 600nm, approximately 610nm, approximately 620nm, approximately 630nm, approximately 640nm, approximately 650nm, approximately 660nm, approximately 670nm, approximately 680nm, approximately 690nm, approximately 700nm, approximately 710nm, approximately 720nm, approximately 730nm, approximately 740nm, approximately 750nm, approximately 760nm, approximately 770nm, and approximately 780nm, with exemplary values ​​including transmittances of approximately 81%, approximately 82%, approximately 83%, approximately 84%, approximately 85%, approximately 86%, approximately 87%, approximately 88%, approximately 89%, approximately 90%, approximately 91%, and approximately 92%. These wavelengths are merely illustrative examples, and it should be understood that they include all wavelengths within the range of over 380 nm to 780 nm.

[0068] In a further embodiment, the article made of the disclosed glass is substantially colorless. In yet another embodiment, the article made of the disclosed glass is colorless. In yet another embodiment, the article made of the disclosed glass may have a shade of color depending on the desired use. In a particular embodiment, the article may have a blue-green tint. While we do not wish to be bound by any theory, it is assumed that such a tint may be due to the presence of cerium, iron, chromium, cobalt, and / or copper oxide in the glass composition.

[0069] In such embodiments, articles made of the disclosed glass have a* values ​​of about -3 to about +3, with exemplary values ​​being about -2.9, about -2.8, about -2.7, about -2.6, about -2.5, about -2.4, about -2.3, about -2.2, about -2.1, about -2.0, about -1.9, about -1.8, about -1.7, about -1.6, about -1.5, about -1.4, about -1.3, about -1.2, about -1.1, about -1.0, about -0.9, about -0.8, about -0.7, about -0.6. Possible a* values ​​include approximately -0.5, -0.4, -0.3, -0.2, -0.1, -0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, and 2.9.

[0070] In further embodiments, articles made of the disclosed glass may exhibit b* values ​​ranging from 0 to about +3, including, as exemplary values, about 0.1, about 0.2, about 0.3, about 0.4, about 0.5, about 0.6, about 0.7, about 0.8, about 0.9, about 1.0, about 1.1, about 1.2, about 1.3, about 1.4, about 1.5, about 1.6, about 1.7, about 1.8, about 1.9, about 2.0, about 2.1, about 2.2, about 2.3, about 2.4, about 2.5, about 2.6, about 2.7, about 2.8, and about 2.9.

[0071] In further embodiments, articles made of any of the glasses disclosed herein may exhibit redox values ​​ranging from 0% to about 50%, with exemplary values ​​being about 1%, about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, 30%, about 35%, about 40%, about 45%, and about 49%.

[0072] In a further embodiment, the articles may include any articles known in the art that require the mechanical, chemical, and optical properties disclosed herein. In yet another embodiment, the articles disclosed herein may include hollowware, tableware, containers, plates, sheets (including sheets prepared by the float process), cookware, or any combination thereof. In yet another embodiment, the articles may include foodware, tableware, cookware, plate glass, windows, windshields, hollowware, jars, art glassware, laboratory containers, or any combination thereof.

[0073] Various forming methods can be used to produce desired articles or to give glass a desired shape. For example, various forming methods such as casting, mold forming, pressing, rolling, and floating can be used. In a further embodiment, the articles disclosed herein can be formed by float / flat glass pressing, press-and-blow, blow-and-blow, or any combination thereof. In yet another embodiment, the method may include blown glass forming, hot casting, and flame processing.

[0074] In even more further embodiments, the articles may include foodware, tableware, cookware, hollowware, jars, optical fibers, hollow fibers, laboratory containers, art glassware, or any combination thereof. In such embodiments, they may be formed by press molding, blow molding, or blow-and-blow methods.

[0075] In further embodiments, the glass articles may include flat glass, windows, windshields, solar cell components, art glass products, laser host materials, or any combination thereof. In such embodiments, they can be formed by the flat / float method.

[0076] In a further embodiment, articles disclosed herein may have any shape or configuration known in the art.

[0077] method This specification also discloses methods for manufacturing the disclosed compositions and the disclosed articles. In certain embodiments, the Specified Method includes a) obtaining about 65 to about 75 wt% SiO2, about 8 to about 20 wt% Na2O, 0 to about 15 wt% CaO, 0 to about 10% MgO, 0 to about 5 wt% Al2O3, 0 to about 3 wt% B2O3, 0 to about 3 wt% K2O, 0 to about 1 wt% Li2O, about 0.09 to about 1.00 wt% cerium oxide, about 0.01 to about 0.25 wt% iron oxide, about 0.01 to about 2.0 wt% zinc oxide, and more than 0 wt% to less than 0.08 wt% titanium oxide; b) forming a homogeneous mixture; c) initially melting the mixture at a temperature of about 1400°C to about 1500°C to form a molten mixture; and d) forming any of the glasses disclosed herein that are substantially erbium-free.

[0078] In this case as well, as detailed above, it should be understood that cerium oxide can have any valence of cerium, if applicable to the desired purpose. In some exemplary and non-limiting embodiments, cerium oxide is cerium dioxide (CeO2). It should be understood that iron oxide can have any valence of iron, if applicable to the desired purpose. In some exemplary and non-limiting embodiments, iron oxide is ferric trioxide (Fe2O3). It will be further understood that in some other exemplary and non-limiting embodiments, iron oxide may also include iron oxide, or a mixture of ferric trioxide and iron oxide. Similarly, titanium oxide can have any desired titanium value. In some exemplary and non-limiting embodiments, titanium oxide is titanium dioxide (TiO2).

[0079] It will be further understood that any of the oxides disclosed herein may have any desired valence of elements other than oxygen. For example, but not limited to these, manganese oxide may, if present, include, for example, Mn3O4, Mn2O3, MnO3, Mn2O7, or any combination thereof. In a further embodiment, manganese oxide is MnO. Similarly, cobalt oxide may exist as Co2O3, Co3O4, or any combination thereof. In a further embodiment, manganese oxide is CoO.

[0080] It will become clearer that the resulting compound can be obtained in any of the quantities mentioned above.

[0081] In a further embodiment, the temperature may be in the range of about 1400°C to about 1500°C, including, as exemplary values, about 1410°C, about 1420°C, about 1430°C, about 1440°C, about 1450°C, about 1460°C, about 1470°C, about 1480°C, and about 1490°C.

[0082] In a further embodiment, the shaping of the glass includes cooling the molten mixture to room temperature. It will be understood that the cooling can be carried out at any desired rate.

[0083] In a further embodiment, the molten mixture is annealed before cooling at temperatures ranging from about 520 to about 590°C, including exemplary values ​​such as about 525°C, about 530°C, about 535°C, about 540°C, about 545°C, about 550°C, about 555°C, about 560°C, about 565°C, about 570°C, about 575°C, about 580°C, and about 585°C.

[0084] In a further embodiment, the method further includes forming an article comprising any of the glass disclosed above. In such an embodiment, the article may be any of the articles disclosed herein.

[0085] In a further embodiment, the methods disclosed herein include the step of forming a glass article. Any method known in the art for forming or shaping an article may be used. For example, but are not limited to, methods for forming a glass article disclosed herein may include down-drawing of glass (either by slot-drawing or fusion-drawing), fiber-drawing, float-drawing, or sheet rolling. In yet another embodiment, the method may include shaping glass or glass into any desired shape. Various forming methods such as casting, die-forming, pressing, rolling, and floating may also be used. In yet another embodiment, the articles disclosed herein may be formed by float / flat glass pressing, press-and-blow, blow-and-blow, or any combination thereof. In yet another embodiment, the method may include blown glass forming, hot casting, and flame-working. It will be further understood that other low-temperature glass manufacturing methods may also be used. For example, but are not limited to, methods for forming glass wheels may also be conceived.

[0086] Examples The following examples are provided to those skilled in the art to provide a complete disclosure and description of how the compounds, compositions, articles, apparatus, and / or methods claimed herein are prepared and evaluated, and are intended to be purely illustrative and not to limit the disclosure. While efforts have been made to ensure accuracy in numerical values ​​(e.g., quantities, temperatures, etc.), some degree of error and deviation should be taken into consideration.

[0087] Example 1 Highly transparent, colorless or neutral soda-lime silica glass compositions that absorb ultraviolet light have been developed. In the non-limiting embodiments described herein, the glass may contain cerium and iron oxides as ultraviolet absorbers. It was unexpectedly discovered that iron(II) oxide reduces the ultraviolet transmittance of soda-lime silica glass, while cerium dioxide improves the visible light transmittance of iron-containing ultraviolet-absorbing glass.

[0088] While we do not wish to be bound by any theory, we hypothesized that a mixture of iron(II), iron(III), cerium(III), and cerium(IV) could yield a synergistic ultraviolet absorption effect and favorable visible light transmittance. Conventionally, it has been shown that the addition of ultraviolet-absorbing oxides can impart undesirable discoloration to the glass itself, and therefore, high concentrations of physical and chemical decolorizing agents may be required to decolorize such glass, potentially resulting in a decrease in the visible light transmittance and transparency of the glass product. The inventors inadvertently discovered that the addition of zinc oxide can neutralize the yellowish and greenish hues caused by cerium and iron oxide by shifting the a* and b* values ​​of the chromaticity to more neutral values, and thus decolorize the visible color of ultraviolet-absorbing glass. It was found that even with small amounts of physical or chemical decolorizing agents added to this glass, an ultraviolet-absorbing glass composition with a more neutral color and high transparency can be obtained.

[0089] The glass disclosed in this embodiment is a modified soda-lime silica glass composition that can be used in the manufacture of tableware and container glass. The glass composition for manufacturing low ultraviolet (UV) transparent articles may be neutral in color, or, if necessary, a lightly tinted, highly visible light transparent glass.

[0090] Conventional flint (colorless) glass containers transmit a significant portion of ultraviolet (UV) light, meaning that food placed in flint glass containers is directly exposed to the harmful effects of UV light. UV light breaks down vitamins, proteins, and lipids in food, and the resulting photodegradation products can cause not only discoloration and undesirable odors, but also loss of aroma, taste, and essential nutrients. Therefore, green and yellow glass containers are preferable to reduce or completely prevent UV degradation of food, but colored glass containers can be undesirable for users because they obscure the contents of the container. Furthermore, it is known that melting, clarifying, and conditioning such colored glass molten materials tend to be more difficult than handling flint glass molten materials. Accordingly, the present invention discloses a soda-lime silica glass composition that absorbs a significant portion of UV light.

[0091] This non-limiting embodiment is a relatively neutral or colored glass with a thickness (l) of approximately 5.2 mm and a predetermined visible light transmittance (i.e., T) in the range of 380 to 780 nm (including the endpoints). v ≥80), and low transmittance of ultraviolet light in the 300-380 nm (including the endpoints) (i.e., T uvThe present invention provides a glass having <45). Based on spectral calculations, the iron redox (wt%, iron(II) / total iron) concentration of exemplary glasses is less than 50% for glasses containing cerium, iron, and zinc oxide. The glasses of this disclosure contain cerium dioxide, ferric oxide, zinc oxide, preferably cobalt oxide and selenium. The cerium oxide may be in the range of 0.09 to 1.00 wt% (more preferably less than 1.0 wt%, most preferably less than 0.5 wt%), the ferric oxide in the range of 0.01 to 0.25 wt%, more preferably in the range of 0.125 to 0.25 wt%, and the total iron oxide is expressed as the sum of ferric and ferrous in the glass substrate. Cobalt oxide and selenium can be used to decolorize or compensate for the yellowish tint of the glass, and the amounts of cobalt oxide and selenium can be in the range of 0 to 0.02%, respectively, depending on the amount of iron redox and light absorbers (particularly cerium dioxide and ferric oxide) present in the glass. Table 1 provides an overview of exemplary glass compositions used in this disclosure.

[0092] It was unexpectedly discovered that cerium dioxide combined with iron(III) oxide can, in certain embodiments of this disclosure, provide a more cost-effective ultraviolet absorbance. While cerium and iron oxides as ultraviolet absorbers also impart a yellow tint to glass, this yellow can be decolorized more effectively than the green tint of the glass. In addition, the addition of zinc oxide substantially decolorizes the yellow tint caused by the addition of cerium and iron(III) oxide, shifting the b* value of the chromaticity to a more neutral value (the positive and negative signs of the b* value represent the yellow and blue components of the color, respectively). More interestingly and unexpectedly, zinc oxide removes the greenish tint caused by combinations of impurities such as iron(II) oxide and iron(III) oxide or chromium oxide, shifting the a* value of the chromaticity to a more neutral value when using the L*-a*-b* color coordinate system.

[0093] [Table 1]

[0094] The definition of soda-lime silica glass used herein is in its broadest sense and applies to any glass composition that may contain, but is not limited to, the following oxides within the specified composition range (concentrations are defined in weight percent (Table 2)).

[0095] [Table 2]

[0096] In this example, the silicate glass contains SiO2, which is the main network-forming agent in the glass; therefore, the total SiO2 content must be within the range of 65-75% by weight. Otherwise, if the silica content is lower than the proposed range, the chemical durability and crystallization properties of the glass may be reduced, and if the SiO2 content is higher than the specified range, the melting, clarification, and crystallization properties of the glass molten may be reduced. It should be noted that the crystallization properties in this patent mainly refer to the liquidus temperature and the rate of crystal growth, and the degree of variation in these crystallization properties may also be related to the crystalline phase region of the glass.

[0097] Na2O is the primary network modifier or flux in glass, and its amount must be within the range of 8–20% by weight. Lower concentrations of Na2O than the proposed range may impair the meltability and crystallization properties of the glass molten material. Higher concentrations of Na2O than this specified range will impair the chemical durability, thermal shock resistance, and moldability of the glass molten material.

[0098] K2O can also be added to glass as a network modifier or flux. While the addition of K2O is not essential, the coexistence of K2O and Na2O can improve the mechanical properties and chemical durability of the glass through the mixed alkali effect. However, K2O is an expensive flux, and excessive incorporation into the glass matrix can reduce the hydrolysis resistance of the final glass product; therefore, its amount should be limited to 3% by weight or less.

[0099] Li2O can also be added to glass as a network modifier or flux. While the addition of Li2O is not essential, the addition of small amounts can reduce the melting and clarification temperature / time of the glass melt. However, Li2O is a very expensive component, and excessive addition can degrade the crystallization properties of the glass melt. Therefore, the amount of Li2O in the glass should be in the range of 0-1.0% by weight.

[0100] B2O3 can also be added to glass as a network modifier or flux. While the addition of B2O3 is not essential, it can significantly improve the meltability of soda-lime silica glass. However, since B2O3 is a relatively expensive component, and excessive addition can increase the volatilization of Na2O from the glass molten material, the amount of B2O3 in the glass should be limited to 0-3.0% by weight.

[0101] Adding Al2O3 as a network-forming agent to glass can improve the crystallization properties of the molten material and the mechanical properties of the final glass. While the presence of Al2O3 is desirable, it is not essential. However, excessive addition of Al2O3 may degrade the melting, clarification, crystallization, and molding properties of the glass molten material. Therefore, the amount of Al2O3 in the final glass can be in the range of 0.0 to 5.0% by weight.

[0102] CaO acts as a network modifier in the glass network and can be used as a high-temperature melting agent. The presence of CaO significantly improves the chemical resistance and mechanical properties (elastic modulus and Vickers hardness) of sodium silicate glass. Furthermore, CaO can significantly increase the liquidus temperature and crystallization rate of the soda lime silicate glass molten material, so it should be present in the glass at a concentration of 15% by weight or less. Therefore, the amount of CaO in the glass can range from 0 to 15% by weight.

[0103] MgO can be used in combination with CaO in soda-lime silica glass. Partial substitution of CaO with MgO reduces density and significantly lowers the liquidus temperature of the glass molten, thus increasing the temperature difference between the gob formation temperature and the liquidus temperature. It has also been reported in the literature that MgO reduces the crystal growth rate in the molten material in the near-liquidus temperature range or below the liquidus temperature range. MgO may preferably be present in the glass in the range of 0 to 10% by weight. However, excessive use of MgO, especially above 7% by weight, may reduce crystallization properties and may increase the melting temperature of the glass molten material, so a more preferable concentration of MgO in the glass can be in the range of 0 to 7.0% by weight.

[0104] SO3 promotes the clarification of soda-lime silica molten material and can therefore be incorporated into glass by adding sodium sulfate or barium sulfate, gypsum, or other forms of SO3-containing inorganic substances or compounds to the glass batch. The clarification of the glass molten material can be controlled by melting a glass composition within a specified composition range under oxidative or reducing conditions, thereby obtaining the desired final color specification. However, preferably, the molten sulfur in the form of SO3 can be in the range of 0 to 0.5% by weight in the soda-lime silica glass, depending on the desired processing parameters.

[0105] Cerium oxide is present in the molten soda lime silica. 3+ State and Ce 4+ In this state, the addition of cerium dioxide significantly reduces the ultraviolet transmittance in certain embodiments of the present invention. However, this effect does not change linearly with the concentration of cerium oxide (see Figure 1), and a concentration of 0.5 wt% or in the range of 0.25 to 0.5 wt% is the optimal concentration of cerium oxide to use. The b* value of the chromaticity value is given by Fe in the exemplary glass. 3+ and Ce 4+ The presence of the cation causes a larger shift towards a more positive value.

[0106] Soda-lime silica glass may contain a mixture of ferrous oxide and ferric oxide as impurities, or iron oxide may be intentionally included in float glass / plate glass to control solar radiation control properties. Iron redox can be adjusted by changing the batch redox number and furnace atmosphere. Ferric oxide and ferrous oxide give soda-lime silica glass a bluish-green and yellowish tint, respectively. Ferric oxide and ferrous oxide absorb the ultraviolet and infrared portions of the light spectrum, respectively.

[0107] Since silica can contain titanium dioxide as an impurity, trace amounts of titanium dioxide (e.g., less than 0.1% by weight) may be present in soda-lime silica glass. Titanium dioxide can exist in various coordination states in soda-lime silica glass depending on the melting conditions (redox), glass composition, and interactions with other types of cations. For example, Ti 4+ and Ti 3+ These impart yellow and brown / purple hues to soda-lime silica glass, respectively. If further addition of cerium dioxide does not effectively reduce UV transmittance, titanium dioxide can be added to the glass to improve UV absorption.

[0108] To decolorize the unwanted color of the glass body, cobalt oxide and selenium can be added. Cobalt oxide can be used to compensate for the yellowish tint caused by the addition of ultraviolet absorbers of iron (III) oxide and cerium oxide. However, excessive use of cobalt oxide oxidation may reduce the visible light transmittance of the ultraviolet-absorbing glass. Selenium can also be included in the ultraviolet-absorbing glass matrix. However, since selenium is extremely volatile, it is difficult to achieve stable decolorization. Also, adding excessive selenium may reduce the visible light transmittance and brightness of the ultraviolet-absorbing glass. On the other hand, zinc oxide acts in the same way as cobalt oxide and selenium, shifting the a* value and b* value to a more neutral part of the L*-a*-b* diagram, and can effectively remove unwanted greenish and yellowish tints without impairing the visible light transmittance and brightness of the ultraviolet-absorbing glass. From the perspective of cost, preferably, zinc oxide can be used in combination with relatively low concentrations of cobalt oxide and selenium to completely decolorize the ultraviolet-absorbing glass.

[0109] Soda lime silica glass may contain other optional oxides in the form of impurities including, but not limited to, NiO, Cr2O3, Sb2O3, P2O5, As2O 3、 Note that it may contain any other oxides in the form of impurities including Er2O3 or MnO2.

[0110] The oxides disclosed herein may be incorporated into the glass structure by any conventional method. For example, the disclosed ultraviolet absorber and / or decolorizer can be incorporated into the glass by mixing with other raw materials and supplied to a glass melting tank. Further, the ultraviolet absorber and / or decolorizer can be supplied to a preferred forehearth in the form of a low-melting glass, frit or aggregate to obtain the desired glass composition, thereby providing flexibility in adjusting the coloring and / or manufacturing ability of the ultraviolet-absorbing glass product.

[0111] Example 2 Raw material batches are batched to obtain the reference glass and the example glass shown in Tables 3-7 with chemical compositions. The glass batches are melted in a platinum crucible in air for approximately 12 hours at a temperature in the range of 1425-1450°C, considering the model melting temperature. The molten glass is then poured into a frit and remelted in air for another 12 hours to homogenize the composition. A total of 24 hours of melting in ambient air is considered sufficient to reach the redox equilibrium of the light absorber in the molten glass. Next, the molten glass is cast into a stainless steel mold and annealed at the assumed annealing temperature for 1 hour, after which it is cooled to room temperature. A portion of the total Na2O in the glass is given by sodium sulfate added to improve the clarity of the glass.

[0112] Cast glass rods were cut and polished to form test specimens approximately 5.2 mm thick. The UV-Vis-nIR spectra of the prepared glass samples were measured in the 190–2500 nm range using a Shimadzu 3600-UV-Vis-nIR spectrophotometer. UV This indicates the calculated total transmittance of ultraviolet light in the range of 300-380 nm, and T UV The values ​​are calculated according to the procedure shown in the ISO BS9050 standard, and similarly, the total light transmittance (T) in the range of 380 and 780 nm. V The values ​​were calculated according to the method shown in ISO BS9050. The CIE color values ​​for L*, a*, and b* were calculated using a D65 light source and a 10° observer, taking the CIE1931 standard into consideration. Spectral iron redoxes were calculated using the correlation of soda-lime silica glass described by Ceglia et al. (2015).

number

[0113] In the formula, C Fe 2+ This is the concentration of iron(II) ions expressed as weight % in the glass, and A 1100 This is the absorption rate normalized for an exemplary glass thickness of 1 mm.

[0114] Example 3 The composition of Example 1 shown in Table 3 represents the standard glass composition, and Example 2 is obtained by adding 0.25 wt% of ferric trioxide once to Example 1 (base glass). This addition was found to reduce the ultraviolet transmittance of the standard glass, as shown in Example 2 where the iron redox (FeO / ΣFeO+Fe2O3) is 91.42%, and surprisingly, Fe 2+ The ions also demonstrate significant absorption of ultraviolet light in soda-lime silica glass. While we do not wish to be bound by any theory, some of the total iron oxide should be in a divalent state in the UV-absorbing glass matrix, and therefore, a redox value in the range of 10-50% is considered preferable as the ideal iron redox value for UV-absorbing glass. Similarly, an unexpected decrease in UV transmittance was observed in the glass containing 0.25 wt% cerium oxide in Example 3. However, it was found that further addition of CeO2 in Examples 4 and 5 did not reduce UV transmittance as expected when considering the individual effects of cerium oxide in Example 3 (see Figure 1). Furthermore, as shown in Examples 6 and 7, the addition of diiron trioxide to the cerium oxide-containing glass could further reduce the UV transmittance to approximately the same level as an excess cerium dioxide concentration exceeding 0.25 wt% (see Figure 3), and the addition of 1 wt% cerium dioxide further reduced the iron redox in Example 7 to a value of 31.5%. While the inclusion of diiron trioxide slightly reduces visible light transmittance, as observed in Example 2, Examples 6 and 7 demonstrate that the inclusion of cerium dioxide significantly improves the visible light transmittance of iron-containing glass. Adding 0.125 wt% zinc oxide to the glass shifted the a* and b* chromaticity values ​​to more neutral values ​​in Example 6, and in Example 8, the a* value shifted from -0.93 to -0.54 and the b* value from 2.57 to 2.03. Furthermore, adding 0.5 wt% zinc oxide to the glass shifted the a* value from -0.63 to -0.26 in Example 4 and the b* value from 1.37 to 0.84 in Example 9 (see Figure 2).

[0115] [Table 3]

[0116] [Table 4]

[0117] [Table 5]

[0118] [Table 6]

[0119] [Table 7]

[0120] Appearance. Example 1. A glass comprising approximately 0.09 to 1.00 wt% cerium oxide, less than 0.01 to 0.25 wt% iron oxide, approximately 0.01 to 2.0 wt% zinc oxide, and more than 0 wt% to approximately 0.1 wt% titanium oxide, substantially free of erbium.

[0121] Example 2. A soda lime composition further comprising about 65 to about 75% by weight of SiO2, about 8 to about 20% by weight of Na2O, 0 to about 15% by weight of CaO, 0 to about 10% of MgO, 0 to about 5% by weight of Al2O3, 0 to about 3% by weight of B2O3, 0 to about 3% by weight of K2O, and 0 to about 1% by weight of Li2O, as described in any of the examples of this specification, particularly the glass described in Example 1.

[0122] Example 3. A glass according to any example of this specification, particularly Example 1 or 2, further comprising about 0 to about 0.5% by weight of SO3.

[0123] Examples 4.0 to any of the examples herein, particularly the glass described in Examples 1 to 3, further comprising about 0.02% by weight of cobalt oxide.

[0124] Example 5.0 to the glass described in any of the examples herein, particularly Examples 1 to 4, further comprising about 0.02% by weight of selenium.

[0125] Example 6. A glass according to any of the examples specified herein, particularly those described in Examples 1 to 5, further comprising about 0.01 to about 1% by weight of manganese oxide.

[0126] Example 7. Any example of this specification, particularly the glass described in Examples 1 to 6, further comprising some amount of CuO, Cu2O, NiO, Cr2O3, Sb2O3, P2O5, As2O3, or a combination thereof.

[0127] Example 8. A glass according to any example of this specification, particularly those described in Examples 1 to 7, exhibiting a transmittance of less than 45% in the wavelength range of about 300 to about 380 nm.

[0128] Example 9. A glass according to any of the examples specified herein, particularly those described in Examples 1 to 8, which exhibits a transmittance of about 80% or more in the wavelength range of about 380 to about 780 nm.

[0129] Example 10. A glass that is substantially colorless, as described in any of the examples of this specification, particularly Examples 1 to 9.

[0130] Example 11. A glass according to any example of this specification, particularly those described in Examples 1 to 10, exhibiting an a* value of approximately -3 to approximately +3.

[0131] Example 12. A glass according to any example of this specification, particularly those described in Examples 1 to 11, exhibiting a b* value of approximately 0 to approximately +3.

[0132] Example 1: A glass according to any of the examples specified herein, particularly Examples 1 to 12, exhibiting a redox value of 3.0% to approximately 50%.

[0133] Example 14. An article comprising any of the embodiments of this specification, particularly the glass described in Examples 1 to 13.

[0134] Example 15. Any example of this specification, particularly the article described in Example 14, including foodware, tableware, hollowware, jars, optical fibers, hollow fibers, laboratory containers, art glassware, or any combination thereof.

[0135] Example 16. An article according to any embodiment of this specification, particularly the article described in Example 15, formed by press forming and / or blow forming or by a blow-and-blow method.

[0136] Example 17. Any example of this specification, particularly the article described in Example 14, including plate glass, windows, windshields, solar cell components, art glass products, laser host materials, or any combination thereof.

[0137] Example 18. An article formed by the flat / float method, as described in any of the embodiments of this specification, particularly the article described in Example 17.

[0138] Example 19. A glass article comprising glass substantially free of erbium, containing about 0.09 to about 1.00 wt% cerium oxide, about 0.01 to less than 0.25 wt% iron oxide, about 0.01 to about 2.0 wt% zinc oxide, and more than 0 wt% to about 0.1 wt% titanium oxide.

[0139] Example 20. Any example of this specification, particularly the article described in Example 19, wherein the glass is a soda lime composition further comprising about 65 to about 75% by weight of SiO2, about 8 to about 20% by weight of Na2O, 0 to about 15% by weight of CaO, 0 to about 10% of MgO, 0 to about 5% by weight of Al2O3, 0 to about 3% by weight of B2O3, 0 to about 3% by weight of K2O, and 0 to about 1% by weight of Li2O.

[0140] Example 21. A glass article according to any example of this specification, particularly those described in Examples 19-20, further comprising about 0 to about 0.5% by weight of SO3.

[0141] Example 22.0 to a glass article according to any of the examples herein, particularly those of Examples 19 to 21, further comprising about 0.02 wt% cobalt oxide.

[0142] Example 23. A glass article according to any of the examples specified herein, particularly those of Examples 19-22, further comprising about 0.02% by weight of selenium.

[0143] Example 24. A glass article according to any example of this specification, particularly those described in Examples 19-23, further comprising about 0.01 to about 1% by weight of manganese oxide.

[0144] Example 25. Any example of this specification, particularly the glass article described in Examples 19-24, further comprising some amount of CuO, Cu2O, NiO, Cr2O3, Sb2O3, P2O5, As2O3, or a combination thereof.

[0145] Example 26. A glass article according to any example of this specification, particularly those described in Examples 19-25, exhibiting a transmittance of less than 45% in the wavelength range of about 300 to about 380 nm.

[0146] Example 27. A glass article according to any example of this specification, particularly Examples 19 to 26, exhibiting a transmittance of about 80% or more in the wavelength range of about 380 to about 780 nm.

[0147] Example 28. A glass article according to any of the embodiments of this specification, particularly those described in Examples 19-27, which is substantially colorless.

[0148] Example 29. A glass article according to any example of this specification, particularly those described in Examples 19 to 28, exhibiting an a* value of approximately -3 to approximately +3.

[0149] Example 30. A glass article according to any example of this specification, particularly those described in Examples 19-29, exhibiting an a* value of approximately 0 to approximately +3.

[0150] Example 3: A glass article according to any of the examples specified herein, particularly Examples 19 to 30, exhibiting a redox value of 1.0% to approximately 50%.

[0151] Example 32. Any example of this specification, particularly the glass articles described in Examples 19-31, including foodware, tableware, cookware, hollowware, jars, optical fibers, hollow fibers, laboratory containers, art glassware, or any combination thereof.

[0152] Example 33. A glass article according to any embodiment of this specification, particularly the glass article described in Example 32, formed by press molding and / or blow molding or blow-and-blow method.

[0153] Example 34. Any example of this specification, particularly the glass articles described in Examples 19-31, including plate glass, windows, windshields, solar cell components, art glass products, laser host materials, or any combination thereof.

[0154] Example 35. A glass article formed by the flat / float method, as described in any of the embodiments herein, particularly Example 34.

[0155] Example 36. A method comprising: a) obtaining about 65 to about 75 wt% SiO2, about 8 to about 20 wt% Na2O, 0 to about 15 wt% CaO, 0 to about 10% MgO, 0 to about 5 wt% Al2O3, 0 to about 3 wt% B2O3, 0 to about 3 wt% K2O, 0 to about 1 wt% Li2O, about 0.09 to about 1.00 wt% cerium oxide, about 0.01 to about 0.25 wt% iron oxide, about 0.01 to about 2.0 wt% zinc oxide, and more than 0 wt% to less than 0.08 wt% titanium oxide; b) forming a homogeneous mixture; c) initially melting the mixture at a temperature of about 1400°C to about 1500°C to form a molten mixture; and d) forming any of the glasses disclosed herein that are substantially erbium-free.

[0156] Example 37. The method according to any embodiment of this specification, particularly the method of Example 36, wherein forming the glass comprises cooling the molten mixture to room temperature.

[0157] Example 38. The method according to any of the embodiments herein, particularly the method according to Example 36, wherein the molten mixture is annealed at a temperature of about 520 to about 590°C before the cooling.

[0158] Example 39. The method according to any embodiment of this specification, particularly the method according to Examples 36-38, further comprising forming an article comprising the glass.

[0159] Example 40. Any embodiment of this specification, particularly the method of Example 39, wherein the step of forming the article includes a flat / float method.

[0160] Example 41. The glass article described in any of the embodiments herein, particularly the glass article described in Example 39, wherein the article is formed by press molding and / or blow molding or blow-and-blow method.

Claims

1. Approximately 0.09 to 1.00% by weight of cerium oxide, Iron oxide in an amount of less than approximately 0.01 to 0.25% by weight, Approximately 0.01 to approximately 2.0% by weight of zinc oxide, TiO2 from over 0% by weight to approximately 0.1% by weight ２ and, Glass that is virtually erbium-free.

2. Approximately 65 to 75% by weight of SiO ２ and, Approximately 8 to 20% by weight of Na ２ O and, 0 to approximately 15% by weight of CaO, 0 to approximately 10% MgO, 0 to approximately 5% by weight of Al ２ O ３ and, 0 to approximately 3% by weight of B ２ O ３ and, 0 to approximately 3% by weight of K ２ O and, 0 to about 1 wt% of Li ２ The glass according to claim 1, which is a soda lime composition further containing O and.

3. Approximately 0 to 0.5% by weight of SO ３ The glass according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

4. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising 0 to about 0.02% by weight of cobalt oxide.

5. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising 0 to about 0.02% by weight of selenium.

6. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising about 0.01 to about 1% by weight of manganese oxide.

7. A certain amount of CuO, Cu ２ O, NiO, Cr ２ O ３ Sb ２ O ３ , P ２ O ５ As ２ O ３ The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising, or a combination thereof.

8. A glass according to any one of claims 1 to 7, exhibiting a transmittance of less than 45% in the wavelength range of approximately 300 to approximately 380 nm.

9. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which exhibits a transmittance of approximately 80% or more in the wavelength range of approximately 380 to approximately 780 nm.

10. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is substantially colorless.

11. The glass according to any one of claims 1-10, exhibiting an a* value of approximately -3 to approximately +3.

12. A glass according to any one of claims 1-11, exhibiting a b* value of approximately 0 to approximately +3.

13. A glass according to any one of claims 1 to 12, exhibiting a redox value of 0% to approximately 50%.

14. An article comprising the glass described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The article according to claim 14, comprising foodware, tableware, hollowware, jars, optical fibers, hollow fibers, laboratory containers, art glassware, or any combination thereof.

16. The article according to claim 15, formed by press forming and / or blow forming or blow-and-blow method.

17. The article according to claim 14, comprising plate glass, windows, windshields, solar cell components, art glass products, laser host materials, or any combination thereof.

18. The article according to claim 17, formed by the flat / float method.

19. Approximately 0.09 to 1.00% by weight of cerium oxide, Approximately 0.01 to approximately 0.25% by weight of iron oxide, Approximately 0.01 to approximately 2.0% by weight of zinc oxide, It contains titanium dioxide in an amount of more than 0% by weight and less than approximately 0.08% by weight, Glass articles, including glass that is substantially free of erbium.

20. The aforementioned glass, Approximately 65 to 75% by weight of SiO ２ and, Approximately 8 to 20% by weight of Na ２ O and, 0 to approximately 15% by weight of CaO, 0 to approximately 10% MgO, 0 to approximately 5% by weight of Al ２ O ３ and, 0 to approximately 3% by weight of B ２ O ３ and, 0 to approximately 3% by weight of K ２ O and, 0 to approximately 1% by weight of Li ２ The glass article according to claim 19, which is a soda lime composition further comprising O.

21. Approximately 0 to 0.5% by weight of SO ３ The glass article according to claim 19 or 20, further comprising:

22. A glass article according to any one of claims 19-21, further comprising 0 to about 0.02% by weight of cobalt oxide.

23. A glass article according to any one of claims 19-22, further comprising 0 to about 0.02% by weight of selenium.

24. A glass article according to any one of claims 19-23, further comprising about 0.01 to about 1% by weight of manganese oxide.

25. A certain amount of CuO, Cu ２ O, NiO, Cr ２ O ３ Sb ２ O ３ , P ２ O ５ As ２ O ３ A glass article according to any one of claims 19-24, further comprising, or a combination thereof.

26. A glass article according to any one of claims 19-27, exhibiting a transmittance of less than 45% in a wavelength range of approximately 300 to approximately 380 nm.

27. A glass article according to any one of claims 19-26, exhibiting a transmittance of approximately 80% or more in the wavelength range of approximately 380 to approximately 780 nm.

28. The glass article according to any one of claims 19-27, wherein the glass is substantially colorless.

29. The glass article according to any one of claims 19-28, wherein the glass exhibits an a* value of approximately -3 to approximately +3.

30. The glass article according to any one of claims 19-29, wherein the glass exhibits a b* value of approximately 0 to approximately +3.

31. The glass article according to any one of claims 19-30, wherein the glass exhibits a redox value of about 0% to about 50%.

32. Glass articles according to any one of claims 19-31, including foodware, tableware, cookware, hollowware, jars, optical fibers, hollow fibers, laboratory containers, art glassware, or any combination thereof.

33. A glass article according to claim 32, formed by press molding and / or blow molding or blow-and-blow method.

34. A glass article according to any one of claims 19-31, comprising plate glass, windows, windshields, solar cell components, art glass products, laser host materials, or any combination thereof.

35. A glass article according to claim 34, formed by the flat / float method.

36. a) Approximately 65 to 75% by weight of SiO ２ and, Approximately 8 to 20% by weight of Na ２ O and, 0 to approximately 15% by weight of CaO, 0 to approximately 10% MgO, 0 to approximately 5% by weight of Al ２ O ３ and, 0 to approximately 3% by weight of B ２ O ３ and, 0 to approximately 3% by weight of K ２ O and, 0 to approximately 1% by weight of Li ２ O and, Approximately 0.09 to 1.00% by weight of cerium oxide, Approximately 0.01 to approximately 0.25% by weight of iron oxide, Approximately 0.01 to approximately 2.0% by weight of zinc oxide, To obtain titanium oxide in an amount greater than 0% by weight and less than approximately 0.08% by weight, b) To form a homogeneous mixture, c) The mixture is initially melted at a temperature of approximately 1400°C to approximately 1500°C to form a molten mixture, d) A method comprising forming a glass according to any one of claims 1-18 that is substantially erbium-free.

37. The method according to claim 36, wherein forming the glass includes cooling the molten mixture to room temperature.

38. The method according to claim 36, wherein the molten mixture is annealed at a temperature of about 520 to about 590°C before the cooling.

39. The method according to any one of claims 36-38, further comprising forming an article containing the glass.

40. The method according to claim 39, wherein the step of forming the article includes a flat / float method.

41. The method according to claim 39, wherein the step of forming the article includes press forming and / or blow forming or blow-and-blow method.

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