In-situ production of clean, ultra-high-pressure hydrogen by catalytic reforming of methanol and other alcohols.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- UNIV OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
Smart Images
Figure 2026519538000001_ABST
Abstract
Claims
1. A metal hydroxide and / or an alcohol mixed with a metal oxide is dehydrogenated by a dehydrogenation reaction using a catalyst in a closed-pressure reactor at a predetermined initial temperature and pressure to produce gaseous CO2. ２ Gaseous H that substantially does not contain ２ The process includes manufacturing the alcohol, which is mixed with the metal hydroxide and / or metal oxide to form a solution of the metal hydroxide and / or metal oxide, and the alcohol and the metal hydroxide and / or metal oxide are present in amounts sufficient to generate a gauge pressure of at least 10 bar after the reaction. A method for producing hydrogen.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the alcohol to the metal hydroxide and / or metal oxide is 10 to 18.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol is a primary alcohol, a diol, a triol, a polyol, polyethylene glycol, or a mixture thereof.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the alcohol is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, glycerol, and combinations thereof.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metal hydroxide is an alkali hydroxide or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the alkali hydroxide is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, rubidium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the alkali hydroxide and / or metal oxide is potassium hydroxide, and the molar ratio of potassium hydroxide to the metal hydroxide and / or metal oxide is about 5 to 30.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the alkaline earth metal hydroxide is selected from the group consisting of calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solution of the metal hydroxide and / or metal oxide further comprises water.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined initial temperature is 0 to 300°C.
11. CO formed during the aforementioned dehydrogenation reaction ２ The method according to claim 1, wherein the metal hydroxide and / or metal oxide are captured in situ or in a separate process.
12. The CO formed during the dehydrogenation reaction ２ However, in situ, it is captured by the metal hydroxide and / or metal oxide, CO ２ The method according to claim 1, for producing hydrogen with a content of less than 2% by volume.
13. Residual CO formed during the aforementioned dehydrogenation reaction ２ The method according to claim 1, wherein hydrogen with a CO content of less than 1% by volume is obtained by capture in a separate process.
14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen produced contains less than 0.1 volume percent of a carbon-containing compound.
15. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen produced is substantially carbon-free.
16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the generated hydrogen produces a gauge pressure of 10 to 1000 bar.
17. The method according to claim 1, wherein the generated hydrogen produces a gauge pressure greater than 50 bar.
18. The method according to claim 1, wherein the generated hydrogen produces a gauge pressure greater than 100 bar.
19. The method according to claim 1, wherein the generated hydrogen produces a gauge pressure greater than 10 bar without the need for a mechanical compressor.
20. The method according to claim 1, wherein the generated hydrogen produces a gauge pressure greater than 50 bar without the need for a mechanical compressor.
21. The method according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is a homogeneous catalyst.
22. The method according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is a homogeneous catalyst comprising one or more ligands and a metal center.
23. The method according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is a homogeneous catalyst selected from the group consisting of catalysts containing ruthenium, iridium, iron, manganese, or cobalt.
24. The method according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is a homogeneous catalyst containing a ligand skeleton.
25. The ligand skeleton is Macho-BH, PNP ｉＰｒ , PNP ｔＢｕ , PNP ｉＰｒ , PNP ｔＢｕ , or PNP Ｃｙ The method according to claim 24, wherein the ligand skeleton is Macho-BH, PNP, ｉＰｒ , PNP, ｔＢｕ , PNP, ｉＰｒ , PNP, ｔＢｕ , or PNP, Ｃｙ .
26. The method according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is a homogeneous catalyst comprising a metal center and a pincer-type ligand.
27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the pincer-type ligand is a PNP-type ligand.
28. The method according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is a homogeneous catalyst immobilized on a surface by deposition, grafting, or any other immobilization method.
29. The method according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is a heterogeneous catalyst.
30. The method according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is a heterogeneous catalyst system comprising components selected from the group consisting of copper-based catalysts, indium-based catalysts, nickel-based catalysts, indium and nickel / gallium-based catalysts, and combinations thereof, which are modified or unmodified with other metals including lanthanides and / or precious metals.
31. The method according to claim 1, wherein the produced hydrogen is used in a fuel cell to generate electrical energy.
32. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen produced is stored at a gauge pressure of 0 to 300 bar for later use.
33. The method according to claim 1, wherein the produced hydrogen is stored at a gauge pressure of 10 to 1000 bar for later use.
34. The method according to claim 1, wherein the carbonate species and bicarbonate species produced during the dehydrogenation reaction are regenerated by hydrogenation to reform the alcohol and the metal hydroxide and / or metal oxide.
35. A method for producing hydrogen, A methanol derivative mixed with a metal hydroxide is dehydrogenated by a catalyst at a predetermined initial temperature and pressure to obtain substantially gaseous CO ２ Gaseous H that does not contain ２ A method including the manufacture of [something].
36. The method according to claim 35, wherein the methanol derivative is selected from the group consisting of dimethyl ether, formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, formalin, trioxane, formic acid, metal formate, alkyl formate, alkyl carbonate, and mixtures thereof.
37. The method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined initial pressure is a gauge pressure of 0 to 600 bar.
38. A catalyst, and a sealed reaction vessel configured to accept a mixture of alcohol and a metal hydroxide and / or metal oxide, A temperature transducer for monitoring the temperature inside the reaction vessel, A pressure transducer for monitoring the pressure inside the reaction vessel, A heater for heating the reaction vessel to a predetermined initial temperature, A hydrogen generator equipped with the following features.
39. The hydrogen generation apparatus according to claim 38, wherein the reaction vessel is configured to operate at a gauge pressure up to 2000 bar.
40. The hydrogen generation apparatus according to claim 38, wherein the catalyst is immobilized on a support in the reaction vessel.
41. A hydrogen generating apparatus according to any one of claims 37 to 39, A fuel cell configured to receive hydrogen produced by the hydrogen generation device, A fuel cell system equipped with the following features.