Interchangeable test chamber for material testing of test specimens

Abstract

The present invention relates to a test chamber (100) for housing a test specimen (150), in particular an energy storage device, during material testing. The test chamber (100) comprises a chamber housing (101) and a test specimen holder component (102) for holding the test specimen (150) to be tested, wherein the test specimen holder component (102) is located within the chamber housing (101). The chamber housing (101) has a receiving opening (103) for receiving a rod component (104) that moves in the direction of the test specimen holder component (102) to transmit a mechanical load to the test specimen (150). The test chamber (100) further comprises a mounting arrangement configured to detachably mount the chamber housing (101) to an apparatus (120) for testing the test specimen (150), the apparatus (120) having an actuator (121) for moving the rod component (104).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus comprising a test chamber for accommodating a test specimen, particularly an energy storage device, and a test chamber for testing the test specimen. Further, the present invention relates to a method for testing a test specimen in a test chamber.

Background Art

[0002] In order to store renewable energy, battery technology is becoming increasingly important. However, in order to provide a safe energy storage device, i.e., a battery device, the battery device must be tested against external shocks and stresses without the risk of causing damage to the system due to defects in the installed battery device.

[0003] Therefore, in general material testing, particularly in battery testing, it is necessary to expose the material sample to various different types of stresses. For example, the material sample is subjected to a tensile stress or a compressive stress for a certain period of time. For example, a testing machine may be designed to provide a tensile test, where the material sample is stretched with a specific tension. Further, an impact test, a puncture test and a bending deflection test may be carried out by other testing machines, where an impact element is pressed against the material sample for the purpose of the test. Further, testing machines are usually designed for different types of loading speeds. For example, a general-purpose testing machine can be used for quasi-static tests (low speed) only, usually a servo-hydraulic machine is used for repeated fatigue tests, and a dedicated machine (a special servo-hydraulic machine or a split Hopkinson bar) is used for high-speed loading conditions.

[0004] Specifically, material testing must be efficient in order to test a large number of test specimens, which are the objects of the test, within a given time. In addition, specifically in battery testing, the test environment must be protected from dangerous events such as the release of harmful gases or explosions from the battery device being tested.

Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, there may be a need to provide an efficient yet safe testing system for material testing of test specimens, particularly energy storage devices.

[0006] This need can be satisfied by a test chamber for housing a test specimen, an apparatus comprising a test chamber for testing a test specimen, and a method for testing a test specimen in a test chamber, as relating to the subject matter of an independent claim.

[0007] According to a first embodiment, a test chamber is provided for housing a test specimen, in particular an energy storage device, during material testing. The test chamber comprises a chamber housing and a test specimen holder configuration for holding the test specimen, the test specimen holder configuration being located within the chamber housing. The chamber housing includes a receiving opening for receiving a rod configuration that moves in the direction of the test specimen holder to transmit a mechanical load to the test specimen. The test chamber further comprises a mounting portion configured to detachably mount the chamber housing to an apparatus for testing the test specimen, the apparatus having an actuator for moving the rod configuration.

[0008] In a further embodiment, an apparatus for testing a test specimen is described. The apparatus comprises the test chamber described above, wherein the test chamber is detachably attached by mounting parts to a support part of the apparatus, particularly a support plate. The apparatus further comprises a rod structure extending through a receiving opening of the test chamber and movable in the direction of a test specimen holder structure to transmit a mechanical load to the test specimen. The apparatus further comprises an actuator for moving the rod structure.

[0009] A further aspect of the present invention describes a method for testing a test specimen in the above-described test chamber. According to this method, the test specimen is provided in a test specimen holder structure within a chamber housing. The chamber housing is detachably mounted to an apparatus for testing a test specimen. A rod structure is moved toward the test specimen holder by an actuator of the structure to transmit a mechanical load to the test specimen, where the rod structure extends through a receiving opening in the chamber housing.

[0010] The specimen being tested by the above apparatus may be a material component such as a metal or plastic element, which may have a sheet-like or solid shape. Furthermore, the specimen being tested may be part of a product such as a semi-finished or finished device. For example, the specimen being tested may be an energy storage device / cell, an arrangement of multiple cells, a battery module, or a battery pack. The apparatus may be used to test the mechanical properties of materials, such as tensile tests, and impact tests and battery puncture tests are also possible. Therefore, the specimen holder configuration may hold the device, for example, such as an energy storage device, in such a way that the rod configuration is adapted to transmit a mechanical load to the specimen.

[0011] The specimen holder configuration includes, for example, a specimen holder designed to hold a specimen in a particularly removable manner. For example, the specimen holder may include a clamping element for clamping the specimen under test. Furthermore, the specimen holder may include magnets, particularly permanent magnets or electromagnets, to removely secure the specimen, particularly a metallic specimen, to the specimen holder configuration. Furthermore, the specimen holder configuration is positioned within the chamber housing so that the specimen is placed within the chamber housing and so that the rod configuration can movably enter the chamber housing. Through a receiving opening in the chamber housing, the impact element of the rod configuration reaches the specimen mounted in the specimen holder configuration.

[0012] The rod structure includes an impact element designed to be pressed against the specimen under test. The rod structure is configured to move toward the specimen holder. In a further exemplary embodiment, the rod structure is configured to transmit a tensile force to the specimen. The rod structure is driven by an actuator and can move toward the specimen at an adjustable speed and with an adjustable impact or tensile force. The rod structure may have an impact element and a force transmission element, particularly a force transmission rod, coupled to the actuator. The impact element is, in particular, harder than the specimen under test. Furthermore, the impact element may include a conical or pyramidal shape with an impact tip. The impact element may also include a hemispherical shape with a circular and spherical impact element. The impact element may also include a longitudinally extending impact edge or, for example, an impact spike / pin that applies force to a single point. Thus, the pressing / rod structure is configured to transmit a mechanical load to the specimen. Furthermore, the impact element may be detachably mounted on the force transmission element. Depending on the actual specimen holder, various mechanical loads can be transmitted, such as compressive loads, tensile loads, shear loads, and / or bending loads. For example, a rod structure can apply loads to the specimen at high frequency for repeated or fatigue tests, or (using the same apparatus) a rod structure can apply a static load to the specimen. A rod structure may also apply a load to the specimen at high speed for high strain rate tests. The rod structure, controlled by an actuator, may not generate a constant force during static testing. For example, static testing provides very slow rod structure movement while continuously increasing the force to a specific level or until the specimen fractures. However, so-called creep testing is also possible, where the force remains constant over a long period. Dynamic testing can provide faster rod structure movement, for example, by using a pre-acceleration phase, thereby subjecting the specimen or the load introduction device of the specimen holder to impact at a specific speed and / or impact energy. All of these test cases can be performed with the material testing apparatus described.

[0013] For example, during the static creep test described above, a constant force is applied over a longer period of time. However, this force does not necessarily have to be constant. In a static test, it is possible to continuously increase the force to a certain level or until the specimen fractures, while providing very slow movement of the rod structure. In a dynamic test, it is possible to provide faster movement of the rod structure using a pre-acceleration phase, thereby subjecting the specimen, or the load application device of the specimen holder, to impact at a specific speed and / or impact energy.

[0014] The actuator may be, for example, an electric motor or servo motor for driving at least one of the rod structure and the specimen holder structure at a desired speed and a desired impact force along the impact direction. Specifically, a constant speed or variable speed (i.e., acceleration or deceleration) may be adjusted within the range of 0 m / s to 12 m / s. The electric motor is configured to move the rod structure relative to the specimen holder structure along the longitudinal impact direction at a speed of at least 4 m / s, particularly up to 10 m / s, and more particularly up to 12 m / s. A speed of 4 m / s means that the speed between the rod structure and the specimen holder structure can be adjusted to any speed between 0 m / s and 4 m / s in order to transmit a mechanical load to the specimen. In exemplary embodiments, a constant speed or variable speed (i.e., acceleration or deceleration) may be adjusted within the range of 0 m / s to 6 m / s or within the range of 0 m / s to 4 m / s. For example, driving the rod structure relative to the specimen at 3.6 m / s can apply a force of 25 kN. The electric motor is configured to adjust its speed (e.g., constant or variable (i.e., acceleration or deceleration)) to any speed between 0 m / s and 12 m / s in order to transmit a mechanical load to the test specimen between the rod structure and the specimen holder structure. At least one of the rod structure and the specimen holder structure means that the rod structure can be driven relative to the specimen holder structure, the specimen holder structure can be driven relative to the rod structure, or both, that both the rod structure and the specimen holder structure can be driven (and thus moved relative to each other). Specifically, the constant or variable speed (i.e., acceleration or deceleration) may be adjusted within the range of 0 m / s to 12 m / s. In other words, the speed may fluctuate over time during the test time interval.

[0015] In exemplary embodiments, the actuator may function by pneumatic or hydraulic drive means. In one example, the actuator may be a linear motor. The actuator is configured to provide impact energy to the test specimen that is particularly greater than 100 J (joules), particularly greater than 200 J, particularly greater than 600 J, or particularly greater than 800 J.

[0016] The test chamber surrounds the specimen under test, thereby protecting the test environment outside the chamber from hazardous events that may occur during material testing inside the chamber. The test chamber may have side walls, a top wall, and a bottom plate. For example, the side walls and top wall may be made of a transparent material such as tempered glass or plexiglass. Furthermore, at least one of the side walls and top wall may be made of a rigid material such as a metal or fiber-reinforced material. Specifically, the base of the test chamber, i.e., the base plate, to which the specimen holder and mounting parts are connected may be robust and may be made of a rigid material such as a metal or fiber-reinforced material. The side walls and / or top wall may be provided with observation windows or inspection windows, for example, closed with a transparent material.

[0017] The test chamber further comprises a mounting section having specific mounting means (e.g., receiving holes, grooves, rails and / or pins) configured to detachably attach the chamber housing to the test apparatus. In addition, the chamber housing of the test chamber comprises receiving openings through which each rod structure for material testing can move within the chamber housing. The mounting section may be coupled to the apparatus by magnetic and / or mechanical / clamping forces. A control unit may control the mounting section to automatically couple and detach the test chamber to the apparatus.

[0018] Therefore, the method of the present invention allows the test specimen to be placed in a test chamber at a location away from the apparatus. After the test specimen is placed in the test chamber, the test chamber can be mounted on the apparatus so that the specimen can be tested. Thereafter, the rod structure moves towards the specimen within the chamber housing to perform the impact test or tensile material test. While one specimen is being tested, another specimen can be placed in a further test chamber at a location away from the apparatus. Once the test procedure is complete, the test chamber and mounting can be separated from the apparatus and moved aside. Another test chamber already equipped with the next specimen can be mounted on the apparatus, and the next test procedure can be performed immediately. Thus, highly efficient testing of multiple specimens is provided in each secure test chamber.

[0019] The rod structure may be part of the apparatus, where, after the test chamber is installed in the apparatus, the rod structure moves within the chamber housing to perform the test. However, in an alternative embodiment, the rod structure may be part of the test chamber and detachably coupled to the apparatus's actuator. Thus, the rod structure may be installed within the chamber housing in such a way that the test chamber can be removed from the apparatus together with the rod structure. In other words, a test chamber with a rod structure may be installed in the apparatus, and after the test chamber is installed in the apparatus, the rod structure installed within the chamber housing is (automatically) coupled to the respective actuators or force transmission elements of the apparatus, for example, by coupling elements described below. Thus, a chamber with a rod structure can be more easily sealed because the rod structure is already installed within the chamber and guided out of the chamber in a sealed state, and there are no unsealed openings for installing the rod structure. Furthermore, even when the chamber is removed from the apparatus together with the rod structure, the chamber can be kept airtight after the test.

[0020] Specifically, when the device is mounted on a base, the rod structure can be moved by actuators, particularly along the impact direction parallel to the horizontal. That is, the impact direction, and consequently the direction of movement of the rod structure, is perpendicular to the direction of gravity. By applying such a horizontal alignment of the rod structure, the influence or disturbance of gravity along the impact direction is minimized, thereby enabling equally turbulent movement or acceleration in both directions.

[0021] According to further exemplary embodiments, the chamber housing is configured to be airtight to the environment. Specifically, the chamber housing may be sealed, particularly at the receiving opening through which a rod structure enters. The receiving opening may be sealed, for example, by a sealing shutter element that can be opened and closed automatically when a rod structure enters or exits the chamber. The shutter may be, for example, a single flap that can be selectively opened.

[0022] According to further exemplary embodiments, the chamber housing includes a gas lock in the receiving opening for sealing the transition between the rod structure and the chamber housing. At the transition, a small gap may exist between the housing and the rod structure.

[0023] As a result, the rod structure does not come into any contact with the housing. However, the gas lock provides a seal without any sealing contact between the housing and the rod structure, thereby preventing contact pressure from being applied between the housing and the rod structure, and therefore no force-induced stress from being generated. Thus, the sealing properties are achieved by the gas lock rather than by direct contact between the rod structure and the chamber housing. The gas lock is configured to seal the transition while allowing the rod structure to move along the impact direction relative to the chamber housing.

[0024] According to a further exemplary embodiment, the gas lock includes at least one sealing ring fitted to the receiving opening to provide a seal to the rod structure.

[0025] According to a further exemplary embodiment, the gas lock comprises a gas lock chamber having spaced-apart outer and inner walls. The inner and outer walls each have openings for guiding a rod structure through the gas lock chamber. The outer wall has a pressure control opening through which gas can be discharged in order to provide a lower pressure within the gas lock chamber than within the chamber housing.

[0026] The inner and outer walls may be attached to the side walls of the chamber housing, for example by adhesive, so that the inner and outer walls cover the receiving opening of the chamber housing. This places the inner wall within the internal volume of the chamber housing and the outer wall on the outer surface of the side wall. The inner wall within the outer wall is designed such that a gas lock chamber is formed between them.

[0027] Therefore, once each gas is discharged and removed from the gas lock chamber, the gas inside the gas lock chamber will have a lower pressure than the gas inside the chamber housing and around the chamber. This allows gas from inside and around the chamber housing to flow into the gas lock chamber. Since the external surroundings have a higher pressure than the gas lock chamber, no gas leaks out into the surroundings. Therefore, sealing means such as rings are unnecessary, and consequently, no frictional force is transmitted to the rod structure. The gas drawn into the gas lock chamber may be further guided to an air / gas filter unit for cleaning and decontamination of used air or gas.

[0028] According to a further exemplary embodiment, the test chamber comprises a rod support for supporting a rod structure within the chamber housing. The rod support is configured to enable and guide the movement of the rod structure within the chamber housing. The rod support may be made of a robust design and material, such as metal or fiber reinforced material. The rod structure may be movably placed, for example, on the rod support. In an exemplary embodiment, the rod support may comprise a support cavity and a support hole for at least partially engaging the rod structure, respectively. Thereby, proper guidance of the rod structure can be achieved.

[0029] According to a further exemplary embodiment, the rod support is attached to the bottom plate of the chamber housing. Thus, the force due to the gravity of the rod structure can be transmitted to the device in a robust manner via the bottom plate.

[0030] According to a further exemplary embodiment, the bottom plate comprises a support groove into which a fixing element of the rod support can be inserted. The position of the rod support within the chamber housing is adjustable along the support groove. The support groove extends particularly perpendicular to the movement direction of the rod structure.

[0031] According to a further exemplary embodiment, the support comprises a support hole for guiding the rod structure, and the support comprises a bearing element for movably supporting the rod structure along its movement direction. The bearing element may be a bearing bush or a rolling bearing, particularly a ball bearing. Thereby, a guidance of the rod structure with reduced friction can be provided.

[0032] According to a further exemplary embodiment, the support comprises a sealing ring disposed within the support hole. Specifically, when the support is disposed at the receiving opening of the chamber housing, leakage may occur through the support hole of the support. Therefore, by adding one or more sealing rings, the risk of such leakage can be reduced.

[0033] In a further exemplary embodiment, the support is in contact with the side wall of the chamber housing having a receiving opening such that the gravitational force of the rod structure is absorbed by the support instead of by the chamber housing.

[0034] According to a further exemplary embodiment, the support is in airtight contact with the side wall such that the receiving opening of the chamber housing is sealed by the support. This allows leakage resulting from the gap between the chamber housing and the support to be sealed by bringing the contact surface of the support into contact with the inner surface of the side wall of the chamber housing around the receiving opening. Leakage through the support hole in the support can be sealed by the sealing ring described above.

[0035] According to further exemplary embodiments, the chamber housing includes a bottom plate, the bottom plate including a mounting portion for removably attaching the chamber housing to a support portion of the apparatus (e.g., having a support plate). For example, the chamber mounting portion may have grooves that can engage with each guide rail in the support portion of the apparatus, or vice versa. Thus, the guide rails may extend perpendicular to the impact direction and may receive impact forces on the rod structure via the support during material testing. The test chamber may slide onto the guide rails from the side perpendicular to the impact direction.

[0036] Furthermore, magnetic coupling may be provided. For example, the mounting portion of the test chamber may be equipped with a magnetic element. The support portion of the apparatus is provided with a magnetic device, i.e., an electromagnetic element, which, by activating the electromagnetic element, can generate a magnetic holding force for holding the test chamber to the support portion.

[0037] According to a further exemplary embodiment, the mounting portion comprises at least one mounting pin that can engage with each of the housing holes of the device. According to a further exemplary embodiment, the support portion comprises a housing hole for receiving the mounting pin of the test chamber, wherein the support portion comprises controllable clamping means for securing the mounting pin within the housing hole.

[0038] Therefore, the test chamber can be moved vertically along the support to engage the mounting pins with the housing holes. A controllable fixing mechanism can be installed in the housing holes. For example, the fixing mechanism may have clamping means that can move to a clamped position when the mounting pins are positioned in the housing holes. Furthermore, a magnetic fixing mechanism may be provided. For example, the mounting pins may be made of a magnetic (e.g., ferromagnetic) material, and each electromagnetic element is provided inside the housing hole. Thus, each magnetic mounting pin can be fixed by activating the electromagnetic elements inside the housing hole.

[0039] In a further exemplary embodiment, the mounting portion includes at least one mounting recess into which each of the support pins of the support portion can engage. Similar to the exemplary embodiment described above, each support pin may protrude from the support portion so that the test chamber can be positioned and aligned so that the support pin engages within the mounting recess.

[0040] According to a further exemplary embodiment, the test chamber comprises a rod structure. The rod structure includes a force transmission rod extending through a receiving opening in the test chamber. The force transmission rod is movable along the impact direction toward the specimen holder structure to transmit a mechanical load to the specimen. Thus, each test chamber can be equipped with the specimen to be tested, and additionally, a rod structure. Thus, impact elements of a specific shape or other test equipment can be mounted on the rod structure at a location away from the apparatus, and can also be aligned with the specimen. Thus, pre-assembled and readjusted test chambers can be coupled to the support of the apparatus, and each test procedure can be started immediately without performing time-consuming initial alignment and assembly steps.

[0041] According to a further exemplary embodiment, the rod structure has a coupling device located at the end of a force transmission rod extending outside the test chamber, the coupling device being detachably coupled to an actuator of the apparatus.

[0042] According to further exemplary embodiments, the coupling device includes a coupling pin configured to be insertable into a receiving hole in the coupling portion of the device, the coupling pin having a receiving portion, particularly a groove, for receiving a clamping element of the device, particularly a radially movable ball, particularly a steel ball.

[0043] The coupling pin extends particularly in the force transmission direction and the direction of movement of the force transmission rod. The clamping element may be a pin or ball that is pre-tensioned radially (and therefore toward the central axis of the force transmission rod). Thus, as the coupling pin moves to the actuator, the clamping element (e.g., a clamping pin or ball that fits into the receiving hole of the actuator coupling) is pushed radially outward until the receiving portion (i.e., groove) of the clamping pin reaches the clamping element. At this position, the clamping element is pushed into the receiving portion by the pre-tensioning force, which further prevents relative axial movement (along the central axis of the force transmission).

[0044] The clamping elements may be pre-tensioned by their respective springs. In an exemplary embodiment, the clamping elements are pre-tensioned such that they are positioned in a closed position (e.g., in contact with each other), where they are moved to an open position (e.g., separated from each other) by a release force (e.g., compressed air) so that a pin can be positioned between them. When the release force is removed and neutralized, the clamping elements move to a closed position, thereby clamping the pin between them. The clamping elements can also be driven electrically, pneumatically, or hydraulically to control the pre-tensioning force. Thus, separation of the coupling device is also provided.

[0045] In other words, the coupling device may be a mechanical clamping device, which includes, for example, an extension pin extending from the force transmission rod toward the actuator. The actuator may include, for example, a coupling portion having a pin receiving hole. Each clamping element can be positioned in the receiving hole. The pins can be clamped between the clamping elements to provide a coupling between the force transmission rod and the actuator.

[0046] The coupling device may also form a magnetic coupling. For example, a force transmission rod may have a magnetic element, and an actuator may have a controllable electromagnetic device in the coupling that selectively couples the force transmission rod to the actuator.

[0047] Furthermore, the coupling device may form a screw connection between the force transmission rod and the actuator.

[0048] The actuator may have a coupling mechanism for removably coupling a coupling device. For example, a coupling device may have a coupling pin that can be inserted into a coupling hole in the actuator, and vice versa. The coupling holes may include a clamping element for clamping the coupling pin of the coupling device. Furthermore, controllable magnetic coupling can also be provided.

[0049] According to further exemplary embodiments, the test chamber further comprises at least one gas coupling attached to the chamber housing. The gas coupling is configured to be coupled to a gas reservoir, an external filter unit, and / or the vacuum pump of the apparatus in order to control the gas atmosphere within the chamber housing. The gas coupling may include, for example, quick-release fasteners or snap-in connectors for coupling the respective gas lines. Furthermore, the gas coupling may include controllable valves for controlling the amount of gas flowing into or out of the test chamber. Specifically, the gas coupling may be configured to automatically couple to each gas coupling element of the apparatus by sliding movement as the test chamber is moved relative to the apparatus along the mounting direction. This allows, for example, adjustment of specific gas concentrations within the test chamber. For example, oxygen levels, CO or CO2 levels, and other hydrogen levels can be increased or decreased. Furthermore, an inert gas may be injected into the test chamber to provide an inert gas atmosphere.

[0050] According to a further exemplary embodiment, the gas coupling is formed on the bottom plate of the chamber housing so that the gas coupling can be connected to each gas connection located on the support portion of the apparatus for supporting the test chamber.

[0051] In further exemplary embodiments, the gas couplings may be formed inside mounting pins formed at the bottom of the bottom plate of the chamber housing, and each gas coupling may be formed within a housing hole in the support of the apparatus. This allows for automatic fixing and automatic gas coupling of the test chamber simultaneously by lowering the test chamber onto the support of the apparatus.

[0052] According to further exemplary embodiments, the gas coupling is formed in the side wall of the chamber housing. The side wall is particularly the side wall facing the receiving opening of the chamber housing, thereby enabling the gas coupling to be coupled to the respective gas connections located in the gas supply section of the apparatus. Furthermore, a filling device can be coupled to the chamber to fill not only the aforementioned gases but also any desired fluid such as a liquid. Specifically, the filling device can change the climate medium during testing of a test specimen and / or during switching between test procedures between two test specimens. The gas coupling may be formed in the upper wall of the chamber housing. Thus, as described above, the gas coupling is configured to provide an inlet and / or outlet for, for example, an inert gas or ambient air or gas from the external environment. The gas coupling may include one or more overpressure valves (e.g., via a spring mechanism) that open at a specified pressure in the chamber to prevent damage to the chamber. The outlet gas coupling may be connected to an external filter unit.

[0053] According to further exemplary embodiments, the test chamber further comprises climate control devices, in particular a temperature control unit, a humidity control unit and / or an air filtration unit, which can be used to adjust the desired climate atmosphere within the chamber.

[0054] According to further exemplary embodiments, the test chamber comprises sensor elements for measuring climatic parameters within the chamber housing, particularly temperature, oxygen concentration, or humidity. The sensor elements and climate control devices may be coupled to a control device so that, when measuring each climatic parameter, the climate control device can be adjusted to control, particularly automatically, the desired chamber climate of the test specimen during material testing. For example, material testing of the test specimen can be carried out under predetermined climatic requirements. For example, material testing can be carried out in a low-temperature environment, such as below -40°C, or in a high-temperature environment, such as above 200°C.

[0055] This allows for the exchange of multiple test chambers, and furthermore, the exchange of test chambers with specific test setups for each individual test specimen. By exchanging test chambers, for example, one test chamber can be used for thermal testing of a test specimen, and another test chamber can be used for testing the test specimen under an inert gas atmosphere. The chambers can be sealed from the environment, thereby allowing for the adjustment and provision of specific requirements such as temperature, pressure, humidity, oxygen concentration, and climate medium (e.g., air, gas, inert gas, liquid, e.g., aqueous or oil-based fluid) within the chamber.

[0056] According to further exemplary embodiments, the rod structure further includes a force sensor for measuring the impact force between the rod structure and the specimen under test. The force sensor may be positioned between the impact element and the force transmission rod. Thus, when the force sensor is positioned near the impact element, direct measurement of the force sensor, and even better reachability, is possible. Specifically, when the force sensor is mounted near an impact element in front, there is no time delay in the force signal during dynamic measurement, thereby providing very accurate force measurement. Thus, for example, a direct signal is used instead of a delayed signal from the engine controller of the actuator unit. The force sensor may be detachably mounted on at least one of the impact element and the force transmission rod. A piezoelectric sensor is a sensor that utilizes the piezoelectric effect to measure, for example, pressure, acceleration, temperature, strain, or force changes by converting them into electric charges. In force measurement, the piezoelectric sensor may have a thin film and a large base, ensuring the formation of respective electrical signals indicating the applied force, as the applied pressure loads each element in one direction. Additionally or alternatively, strain gauge sensors, or DMS sensors, can also be used as force sensors to measure the strain of rod structures.

[0057] According to further exemplary embodiments, the test chamber further comprises optical measuring devices, in particular a high-speed camera, for optically measuring the specimen under test. Additionally or alternatively, the test chamber further comprises displacement sensors for measuring the displacement of a portion of the specimen under test conditions, in particular under processing of the specimen by a rod structure. Thus, the deformation of the specimen under test can be obtained, for example, by the high-speed camera.

[0058] A control device may be coupled to each sensor, and the sensor data may be transmitted to a data acquisition unit such as a central server unit for processing. Therefore, during testing of the test specimen, an accurate visualization of the specimen's behavior under test conditions can be provided. The sensor data can also be used, for example, in simulation tools and other design processes. By processing the sensor data, emergency stops can also be initiated automatically.

[0059] According to further exemplary embodiments, the chamber housing includes an assembly opening for arranging the specimen to be tested within the chamber housing. The assembly opening is located particularly in the upper or side wall of the chamber housing, and is closable, in particular by a locking element, in particular an opening flap. Thus, the specimen can be fitted into the test chamber by handling the specimen and, for example, a specific test setup for each individual specimen, through a larger assembly opening at a distance from the apparatus.

[0060] According to a further exemplary embodiment, the chamber housing includes at least one handling opening for handling the specimen under test within the chamber housing. The handling opening is located particularly in the side wall of the chamber housing, and is closable in particular by a locking element, particularly an opening flap. The handling opening may be configured for handling the specimen during the test procedure and / or when the test chamber is already mounted in the apparatus. For example, a user may insert their hand through the handling opening to reach the specimen. Furthermore, an automated manipulator, such as a robotic arm, may also enter the chamber housing through the handling opening. According to a further exemplary embodiment, laboratory gloves are coupled to the handling opening for handling the specimen in the test setup and / or test chamber.

[0061] According to a further exemplary embodiment of the apparatus, the apparatus comprises a lifting mechanism coupled to a support. The lifting mechanism is configured to lift the test chamber away from the support, thereby separating the test chamber from the support. Thus, when the test chamber is separated from the support, a handling device such as a robotic arm, a conveyor, and / or a forklift can be moved between the support and the bottom plate of the test chamber to move the test chamber (automatically) towards or away from the apparatus. The lifting mechanism lifts the test chamber, particularly along the vertical direction. However, the lifting mechanism may also be configured as an pushing or pulling mechanism for pushing or pulling the test chamber onto or away from the support, vertically along the lateral (horizontal) direction, particularly along the impact direction. For example, the lifting mechanism may push the test chamber laterally onto a conveyor belt positioned adjacent to the support of the apparatus.

[0062] According to further exemplary embodiments, the lifting mechanism comprises at least two, particularly three, lifting pistons configured to extend (and retract) between the device and the test chamber for lifting and lowering the test chamber. The lifting pistons may be driven by pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric actuators.

[0063] In further exemplary embodiments, the apparatus includes a handling device for transporting the test chamber to and from a support. The handling device may be, for example, a robotic arm designed to grasp the test chamber and move it to and from the support along the horizontal and vertical directions. Furthermore, the handling device may include a conveyor device, such as a conveyor belt, for moving the test chamber to and from the support along the sliding direction. Specifically, the sliding direction, and thus the transport direction, is defined along the guide rails of the support. The sliding direction may be a horizontal direction perpendicular to the impact direction. Thus, the test chamber can be slid on a coupling plate from one side to provide material testing, and after the material testing is complete, the test chamber can be moved to and / or away from the coupling plate along the sliding direction. Thus, efficient loading of the apparatus for material testing is provided.

[0064] According to further exemplary embodiments, the apparatus includes a control unit for controlling a handling device and actuators to mount a test chamber on a support and to perform material testing by controlling actuators to move a rod structure. The control unit may be coupled to the rod structure, actuators, and test chamber to transmit control signals to control the apparatus and the test chamber, thereby providing automatic operation of the apparatus and material testing, respectively. In addition, the control unit is coupled to a handling device and drive system to automatically move the test chamber into or out of the apparatus. Thus, automatic loading and unloading of the material testing apparatus can be provided.

[0065] Furthermore, the control unit may include specimen data, such as the design and material parameters of the specimen, as well as information on pressing force and predetermined test procedures, including the frequency of the rod structure during dynamic testing, in order to perform each material test. Thus, the control unit can provide automatic loading and unloading of the apparatus, and also provides automatic operation of the material testing apparatus.

[0066] It should be noted that embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to different subject matter. In particular, some embodiments have been described with reference to claims relating to apparatus, while other embodiments have been described with reference to claims relating to methods. However, those skilled in the art will infer from the above and below descriptions that, unless otherwise noted, any combination of features belonging to one type of subject matter, as well as any combination of features relating to different subject matter, in particular any combination of features between features relating to apparatus claims and features relating to method claims, are also disclosed in this application. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0067] The embodiments defined above and further embodiments of the present invention will become apparent from the examples of embodiments described below, and will be explained with reference to the examples of embodiments. The present invention will be described in more detail hereafter with reference to the examples of embodiments, but will not be limited thereto.

[0068] [Figure 1] A schematic side view of an apparatus comprising a test chamber positioned on a support structure of the apparatus, according to an exemplary embodiment, is shown.

[0069] [Figure 2] A schematic perspective view is shown of an apparatus comprising a test chamber moved perpendicular to the direction of a support, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0070] [Figure 3] A schematic diagram of a rod structure according to an exemplary embodiment is shown.

[0071] [Figure 4] A schematic diagram of an apparatus comprising a test chamber moved horizontally in the direction of a support, according to an exemplary embodiment, is shown.

[0072] [Figure 5] A schematic diagram of a support portion including a housing hole, according to an exemplary embodiment, is shown.

[0073] [Figure 6] A schematic diagram of the bottom plate of a test chamber equipped with mounting pins, according to an exemplary embodiment, is shown.

[0074] [Figure 7] A schematic perspective view of an apparatus having a test chamber equipped with respective sensors and climate control devices, according to an exemplary embodiment, is shown.

[0075] [Figure 8] A schematic diagram of a coupling device according to an exemplary embodiment is shown. [Figure 9] A schematic diagram of a coupling device according to an exemplary embodiment is shown. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0076] The figures within the drawings are schematic diagrams. Note that the same reference numerals are provided for similar or identical elements in different drawings.

[0077] Figure 1 shows a schematic side view of an apparatus 120 for testing a test specimen 150, such as an energy storage device, within a test chamber 100 positioned on a support 124 of the apparatus 120, according to an exemplary embodiment. The test chamber 100 comprises a chamber housing 101 and a test specimen holder component 102 for holding the test specimen 150 to be tested, the test specimen holder component 102 being located within the chamber housing 101. The chamber housing 101 has a receiving opening 103 for receiving a rod component 104 that moves in the direction of the test specimen holder to transmit a mechanical load to the test specimen. The test chamber 100 further comprises a mounting component 600 configured to removably mount the chamber housing 101 to an apparatus 120 for testing the test specimen 150, the apparatus 120 having an actuator 121 for moving the rod component 104.

[0078] The specimen holder component 102 has a specimen holder designed, for example, to hold the specimen 150 in a particularly removable manner. The specimen holder component 102 has, for example, a clamping element for clamping the specimen 150 that is under test. The rod component 104 movably enters the chamber housing 101. Through the receiving opening 103 in the chamber housing 101, the impact element 113 of the rod component 104 reaches the specimen 150 mounted in the specimen holder component 102.

[0079] The rod structure 104 includes an impact element 113 designed to press against the test specimen 150, which is under test. This configures the rod structure 104 to move in the direction of the test specimen holder structure 102. The rod structure 104 is also configured to transmit a tensile force to the test specimen 150. The rod structure 104 is driven by an actuator 121 and moves against the test specimen 150 at an adjustable speed and with an adjustable impact or tensile force. The rod structure 104 includes the impact element 113 and a force transmission element, particularly a force transmission rod, coupled to the actuator 121.

[0080] The actuator 121 is, for example, an electric motor or servo motor for driving the rod structure 104 along the direction of impact at a desired speed and with a desired impact force. Specifically, the constant speed or variable speed (i.e., acceleration or deceleration) may be adjusted within the range of 0 m / s to 12 m / s.

[0081] The test chamber 100 surrounds the test specimen 150, thereby protecting the test environment outside the test chamber 100 from hazardous events that may occur during testing inside the test chamber 100. The test chamber 100 may have side walls 110, 114, a top wall, and a bottom plate 106, etc. For example, the side walls 110, 114 and the top wall may be made of a transparent material such as tempered glass or plexiglass.

[0082] The test chamber 100 further includes a mounting section configured to detachably attach the chamber housing 101 to the test apparatus 120. In addition, the chamber housing 101 of the test chamber 100 includes receiving openings 103 from which each rod component 104 for material testing can move within the chamber housing 101. The mounting section may be coupled to the apparatus 120 by magnetic and / or mechanical force / clamping force. A control unit 710 (see Figure 7) may control the mounting section to automatically couple and uncouple the test chamber 100 from the apparatus 120.

[0083] The rod assembly 104 may be part of the apparatus 120, where, after the test chamber 100 is installed in the apparatus 120, the rod assembly 104 moves within the chamber housing 101 to perform the test.

[0084] When the device 120 is positioned on the base, the rod structure 104 is moved by the actuator 121, particularly along the impact direction parallel to the horizontal direction. That is, the impact direction, and therefore the direction of movement, of the rod structure 104 is perpendicular to the direction of gravity. By applying such a horizontal alignment of the rod structure 104, the influence or disturbance of gravity along the impact direction is minimized, thereby enabling equally turbulent movement or acceleration in both directions.

[0085] The chamber housing 101 is configured to be airtight to the environment. Specifically, the chamber housing 101 can be sealed, particularly at the receiving opening 103 into which the rod structure 104 enters.

[0086] The chamber housing 101 includes a gas lock 700 (see Figure 7) in the receiving opening 103 for sealing the transition between the rod structure 104 and the chamber housing 101. A small gap may exist between the housing and the rod structure 104 at the transition. Furthermore, contact may exist between the housing and the rod structure 104, where contact pressure may not be provided between the housing and the rod structure 104, thereby preventing sealing characteristics from being achieved by direct contact between the rod structure 104 and the chamber housing 101. Therefore, a gas lock 700 is provided that is configured to seal the transition and allows the rod structure 104 to move along the impact direction relative to the chamber housing 101. The gas lock 700 includes, for example, a sealing ring attached to the receiving opening 103 to provide a seal to the rod structure 104.

[0087] The rod support 105 is configured to allow and guide the movement of the rod component 104 within the chamber housing 101. The rod support 105 has support holes 302 for engaging with the rod component 104. The rod support 105 is attached to the bottom plate 106 of the chamber housing 101. Thus, the gravitational force on the rod component 104 can be robustly transmitted to the device 120 via the bottom plate 106.

[0088] The bottom plate 106 is provided with a support groove 107 into which the fixing element of the rod support 105 can be removably inserted. The position of the rod support 105 within the chamber housing 101 is adjustable along the support groove 107. The support groove 107 extends particularly perpendicular to the direction of movement of the rod structure 104.

[0089] The support 105 is in contact with the side wall 110 of the chamber housing 101, which has a receiving opening 103, in such a way that the force due to gravity of the rod structure 104 is absorbed by the support instead of by the chamber housing 101.

[0090] The support 105 is further in airtight contact with the side wall 110 such that the receiving opening 103 of the chamber housing 101 is sealed by the support 105. This ensures that leakage resulting from the gap between the chamber housing 101 and the support 105 is sealed by bringing the contact surface of the support 105 into contact with the inner surface of the side wall 110 of the chamber housing 101 around the receiving opening 103.

[0091] The test chamber 100 further comprises at least one gas coupling 109 attached to the chamber housing 101. The gas coupling 109 is configured to couple to a gas reservoir 704 (see Figure 7) of the apparatus 120 in order to control the gas atmosphere within the chamber housing 101. The gas coupling 109 may be equipped with, for example, quick-release fasteners or snap-in connectors for coupling each gas line. Furthermore, the gas coupling 109 may be equipped with controllable valves to control the amount of gas flowing into or out of the test chamber 100. Specifically, the gas coupling 109 may be configured to automatically couple to each gas coupling 109 element of the apparatus 120 by sliding movement as the test chamber 100 is moved relative to the apparatus 120 along the mounting direction. This allows, for example, adjustment of a specific gas concentration within the test chamber 100.

[0092] The gas coupling 109 is formed in the side wall 110 of the chamber housing 101. The side wall 110 is in particular the side wall 110 facing the receiving opening 103 of the chamber housing 101, so that the gas coupling 109 can be coupled to the respective gas connection parts 123 located in the gas supply part 122 of the device 120.

[0093] The chamber housing 101 includes at least one handling opening 112 for handling the test specimen 150 within the chamber housing 101. The handling opening 112 is located particularly in the side wall of the chamber housing 101, and is closable in particular by a locking element, particularly an opening flap. The handling opening 112 may be configured to handle the test specimen 150 during the test procedure and / or when the test chamber 100 is already mounted on the apparatus 120.

[0094] To provide coupling, the rod structure 104 has a coupling device 108 located at the end of a force transmission rod extending outside the test chamber 100, and the coupling device 108 is detachably coupled to an actuator 121 of the apparatus 120. The actuator 121 may have a coupling mechanism for detachably coupling the coupling device 108.

[0095] Figure 2 shows a schematic perspective view of an apparatus 120, which includes a test chamber 100 that is moved perpendicularly in the direction of the support 124, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0096] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2, the rod structure 104 may be part of the test chamber 100 and may be detachably coupled to the actuator 121 of the apparatus 120. Thus, the rod structure 104 may be installed in the chamber housing 101 in such a manner that the test chamber 100 together with the rod structure 104 can be removed from the apparatus 120. The rod structure 104 comprises a force transmission rod extending through the receiving opening 103 of the test chamber 100. The force transmission rod is movable along the impact direction toward the specimen holder structure to transmit a mechanical load to the specimen 150. Thus, at a location away from the apparatus 120, an impact element 113 of a specific shape or other test equipment can be attached to the rod structure 104 and aligned with the specimen 150.

[0097] Furthermore, the apparatus 120 includes a lifting mechanism 201 coupled to the support 124. The lifting mechanism 201 is configured to raise and lower the test chamber 100 away from the support 124, thereby separating the test chamber 100 from the mounting. Therefore, when the test chamber 100 is separated from the support 124, each handling device 401, such as a robotic arm, conveyor, and / or forklift, can be moved between the support 124 and the bottom plate 106 of the test chamber 100 to move the test chamber 100 (automatically) towards or away from the apparatus 120. The lifting mechanism 201 raises and lowers the test chamber 100, particularly along the vertical direction.

[0098] The chamber housing 101 includes an assembly opening 111 for positioning the test specimen 150, which is to be tested, within the chamber housing 101. The assembly opening 111 is located in particular in the upper wall of the chamber housing 101, and is closable by a locking element, in particular an opening flap. Thus, the test specimen 150 can be fitted into the test chamber 100 by handling the test specimen 150 through a larger assembly opening 111 at a distance from the apparatus 120.

[0099] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a rod structure 104 according to an exemplary embodiment. The rod support 105 includes a support hole 302 that can guide the rod structure 104, and the support 105 comprises a bearing element 301 for supporting the rod structure 104 so as to be movable along its direction of movement. The bearing element 301 may be a bearing bushing.

[0100] The support 105 further includes a sealing ring 303 positioned within the support hole 302. Specifically, if the support 105 is positioned in the receiving opening 103 of the chamber housing 101, leakage may occur through the support hole 302 of the support 105.

[0101] A test chamber 100 equipped with a rod structure 104 may be installed in the apparatus 120. After the test chamber 100 is removably installed in the apparatus 120, the rod structure 104 installed in the chamber housing 101 is (automatically) coupled to each actuator 121 or force transmission element of the apparatus 120.

[0102] To provide coupling, the rod structure 104 has a coupling device 108 located at the end of a force transmission rod extending outside the test chamber 100, and the coupling device 108 is detachably coupled to an actuator 121 of the apparatus 120. The actuator 121 may have a coupling mechanism for detachably coupling the coupling device 108.

[0103] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus 120 comprising a test chamber 100 moved horizontally in the direction of a support 124, according to an exemplary embodiment. A handling device 401 may be provided for handling the test chamber 100, and in particular for moving the test chamber 100 together with the rod structure 104, specifically along the horizontal direction. For example, the test chamber 100 may be positioned together with the rod structure 104 on a trolley or conveyor of the handling device 401, where the trolley's handling platform is at the same vertical height as the bottom plate 106 of the test chamber 100, thereby allowing the test chamber 100 to be pushed together onto the support 124 of the apparatus 120. For example, each guide pin located on the bottom plate 106 of the test chamber 100 may slide along each support groove 107 of the support 124. Stopper elements may be provided within the support groove 107 to terminate the sliding movement and thereby define a predetermined position.

[0104] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of a support portion 124 including a housing hole 202 according to an exemplary embodiment. Correspondingly, Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of a bottom plate 106 of a test chamber 100 equipped with mounting pins 601 according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0105] The lifting mechanism 201 comprises four lifting pistons 501 configured to extend (and retract) between the device 120 and the test chamber 100 in order to lift and lower the test chamber 100. The lifting pistons 501 may be driven by pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric actuators.

[0106] The mounting section includes a receiving hole 202 for receiving the mounting pin 601 of the test chamber 100, and the mounting section has controllable clamping means for securing the mounting pin 601. The chamber housing 101 includes a bottom plate 106, the bottom plate 106 having a mounting section 600 for removably mounting the chamber housing 101 to a support section 124 of the apparatus 120 (for example, having a support plate 124).

[0107] The mounting pins 601 are engageable with each of the housing holes 202 in the support portion 124 of the device 120. The mounting portion 600 has controllable clamping means for securing the mounting pins 601 within the housing holes 202.

[0108] Therefore, the test chamber 100 can be moved vertically along the support portion 124 to engage the mounting pin 601 with the housing hole 202. A controllable fixing mechanism can be installed in the housing hole 202. For example, the fixing mechanism may have clamping means that can be moved to a clamped position when the mounting pin 601 is positioned in the housing hole 202.

[0109] Figure 7 shows a schematic perspective view of an apparatus 120 having a test chamber 100 equipped with respective sensor elements 708 and a climate control device, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0110] The climate control device may be, for example, a temperature control unit 705, a humidity control unit 706, and / or an air filtration unit 707. This allows for the adjustment of the desired climate atmosphere within the test chamber 100.

[0111] The sensor element 708 measures climate parameters within the chamber housing 101, particularly temperature, oxygen concentration, or humidity. The sensor element 708 and the climate control device may be coupled to a control unit 710 so that, when measuring each climate parameter, the climate control device can be adjusted to control, in particular, automatically control, the desired chamber climate of the test specimen 150 during material testing.

[0112] The rod structure 104 further includes a force sensor 709 for measuring the impact force between the rod structure 104 and the test specimen 150 under test. The force sensor 709 may be positioned between the impact element 113 and the force transmission rod. Therefore, if the force sensor 709 is positioned close to the impact element 113, direct measurement of the force sensor 709, as well as proper reachability, becomes possible.

[0113] The test chamber 100 further includes an optical measuring device 711, in particular a high-speed camera, for optically measuring the test specimen 150 under test. Thus, the high-speed camera can, for example, capture the deformation of the test specimen 150 under test.

[0114] A control unit 710 is coupled to each sensor element 708, and the sensor data may be transmitted to a data acquisition unit such as a central server unit for processing. Therefore, during testing of the test specimen 150, an accurate visualization of the behavior of the test specimen 150 under test conditions can be provided. The sensor data can also be used, for example, in simulation tools and other design processes.

[0115] The control unit 710 is further configured to control the handling device 401 and actuator 121 for mounting the test chamber 100 to the apparatus 120 and for performing material testing. The control unit 710 is coupled to the rod assembly 104, actuator 121, and specimen holder assembly 102 to transmit control signals to control the apparatus 120, thereby providing automatic operation of the apparatus 120 and material testing, respectively. In addition, the control unit 710 is coupled to the apparatus to automatically clamp and release the test chamber 100. Furthermore, the control unit 710 may include specimen data for performing each material test, such as the design and material parameters of the specimen 150, as well as information on pressing force and predetermined test procedures such as the frequency of the rod assembly 104 during dynamic testing. Thus, the control unit 710 enables automatic loading and unloading of the apparatus 120 and also provides automatic operation of the material testing apparatus 120.

[0116] The test chamber 100 further comprises at least one gas coupling 109 attached to the chamber housing 101. The gas coupling 109 is configured to be coupled to the gas connection 123 in the gas supply unit 123 and to the respective gas reservoirs 704 of the apparatus 120 in order to control the gas atmosphere within the chamber housing 101. The control unit 710 may receive atmosphere data from the sensor element 708. Furthermore, the control unit 710 may be connected to a controllable valve in the gas connection 123 so that the gas flow rate can be controlled by the control unit 710 even during material testing.

[0117] The gas coupling 109 may be equipped with, for example, quick-release fasteners or snap-in connectors to connect each gas line. Furthermore, the gas coupling 109 may be equipped with controllable valves to control the amount of gas flowing into or out of the test chamber 100. Specifically, the gas coupling 109 may be configured to automatically connect to each gas coupling 109 element of the apparatus 120 by sliding movement as the test chamber 100 is moved relative to the apparatus 120 along the mounting direction. This allows, for example, adjustment of a specific gas concentration in the test chamber 100.

[0118] Furthermore, Figure 7 shows a gas lock 700 comprising a gas lock chamber formed by spaced-apart outer walls 701 and inner walls 702. The inner wall 702 and outer wall 701 each have openings for guiding the rod structure 104 through the chamber of the gas lock 700. The outer wall 701 includes a pressure control opening 703 from which gas can be removed in order to provide a lower pressure in the chamber of the gas lock 700 than in the chamber housing 101 and in the environment.

[0119] The inner and outer walls 701 may be attached to the side wall 110 of the chamber housing 101, for example by adhesive, so that the inner and outer walls 701 cover the receiving opening 103 of the chamber housing 101. Thereafter, the inner wall 702 is positioned within the internal volume of the chamber housing 101 and the outer wall 701 is positioned on the outer surface of the side wall. The inner wall 702 within the outer wall 701 is designed such that a chamber for the gas lock 700 is formed between them.

[0120] Therefore, when each gas is discharged from the gas lock chamber 700, the gas inside the gas lock chamber 700 will have a lower pressure than the gas inside the chamber housing 101 and the surrounding gas, thereby preventing gas from flowing out of the chamber housing 101 into the chamber of the gas lock 700, and also preventing gas from flowing out of the chamber housing 101 to the surrounding environment.

[0121] Furthermore, a coupling device 108 is shown at the end of the rod structure 104, which can be selectively coupled to the coupling portion 712 of the device. Embodiments of the coupling device 108 and the coupling portion 712 are shown in Figures 8 and 9. In addition, the coupling device 108 may also form a magnetic coupling. For example, the force transmission rod may have a magnetic element, and the actuator 120 has a controllable electromagnetic device in the coupling portion 712 that selectively couples the force transmission rod to the actuator 120. Furthermore, the coupling device 108 may form a screw connection between the force transmission rod and the actuator 120. The actuator 120 may have its own coupling mechanism for detachably coupling the coupling device 108.

[0122] Figures 8 and 9 show schematic diagrams of a coupling device 108 according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 8 shows the position of the force transmission rod of the rod structure 104 before coupling, and Figure 9 shows the position of the force transmission rod of the rod structure 104 at the coupling position.

[0123] In the illustrated embodiment, the coupling device 108 includes a coupling pin 801 configured to be insertable into a receiving hole 802 of a coupling portion 712 of the device 120, where the coupling pin 801 has a receiving portion, particularly a groove 803, for receiving a clamping element 804. In an exemplary embodiment, the clamping element 804 is formed of a radially movable ball, particularly a steel ball, of the device 120.

[0124] The coupling pin 801 extends particularly in the direction of movement of the force transmission rod. The ball, acting as a clamping element 804, is pre-tensioned radially (and therefore toward the central axis of the force transmission rod). Thus, as the coupling pin 801 moves to the actuator 120, the ball, having entered the receiving hole 802 of the coupling portion 712 of the actuator 120, is pushed radially outward until the groove 803 of the coupling pin 801 reaches the ball. In this position, the ball is pushed into the groove 803 by the pre-tensioning force, thereby further preventing relative axial motion (along the central axis of the force transmission rod).

[0125] The clamping elements 804 (e.g., balls) may be pre-tensioned by their respective springs.

[0126] Furthermore, the rod assembly 104 is equipped with a rod flange 805 having a contact surface 806, and the device coupling portion 712 is equipped with an actuator flange 807 having a contact surface 808. As can be seen from Figure 9, the joining surfaces come into contact with each other at the coupling position shown in Figure 9, thereby forming a large contact area to stabilize the coupling even against radial forces.

[0127] It should be noted that the term “comprising” does not exclude other elements or stages, and “a” or “an” does not exclude plurals. Also, elements described in relation to different embodiments may be combined. It should also be noted that reference numerals in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0128] 100 Test Chambers 101 Chamber Housing 102 Test specimen holder components 103 Receiving opening 104 Rod structure / force transmission rod 105 Rod support 106 Bottom plate 107 Support groove 108 coupling devices 109 Gas bonding 110 Side wall 111 Assembly opening 112 Handling opening 113 Shocking elements 114 Side wall 120 equipment 121 Actuator 122 Gas Supply Department 123 Gas connection 124 Support part / plate 150 test specimens 201 Lifting mechanism 202 Intake holes 301 Bearing elements 302 Support hole 303 Sealing ring 401 Handling Devices 501 Lifting piston 600 Mounting part 601 Mounting pins 700 Gas Lock 701 Exterior Wall 702 Interior wall 703 Pressure control opening 704 Gas storage unit 705 Temperature Control Unit 706 Humidity Control Unit 707 Air Filtration Unit 708 Sensor elements 709 Force Sensor 710 Control Unit 711 Optical measuring devices 712 Device coupling section 801 Coupling pin 802 Receiving hole 803 Groove 804 Clamp element 805 Rod Flange 806 Contact surface 807 Actuator flange 808 Contact surface

Claims

1. A test chamber for housing a test specimen, particularly an energy storage device, during material testing, wherein the test chamber is Chamber housing, A test specimen holder component for holding the test specimen which is the subject of the test, Here, the test specimen holder component is located within the chamber housing. Here, the chamber housing has a receiving opening for receiving a rod structure that moves in the direction of the test specimen holder structure in order to transmit a mechanical load to the test specimen. A mounting section configured to detachably attach the chamber housing to an apparatus for testing a test specimen, the apparatus having an actuator for moving the rod structure, A test chamber equipped with

2. The chamber housing is configured to be airtight to the environment. The test chamber according to claim 1.

3. The chamber housing includes a gas lock in the receiving opening for sealing the transition between the rod structure and the chamber housing. The test chamber according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The gas lock includes at least one sealing ring attached to the receiving opening to provide a seal to the rod structure, The test chamber according to claim 3.

5. The gas lock has a gas lock chamber including an outer wall and an inner wall that are spaced apart from each other. The inner wall and the outer wall each include an opening for guiding the rod structure through the gas lock chamber, The outer wall includes a pressure control opening that allows pressurized gas to be discharged in order to provide a lower pressure in the gas lock chamber than in the chamber housing. The test chamber according to claim 3.

6. The chamber housing further comprises a rod support for supporting the rod structure, Here, the rod support is configured to allow and guide the movement of the rod structure within the chamber housing. The test chamber according to claim 1 or 2.

7. The rod support is attached to the bottom plate of the chamber housing. The test chamber according to claim 6.

8. The bottom plate includes a support groove into which the fixing element of the rod support can be inserted. The position of the rod support within the chamber housing is adjustable along the support groove. The support groove extends particularly perpendicular to the direction of movement of the rod structure. The test chamber according to claim 7.

9. The rod support includes a support hole capable of guiding the rod structure, The rod support includes bearing elements for supporting the rod structure so that it can move along its direction of movement. The test chamber according to claim 6.

10. The bearing element is a bearing bush or a rolling bearing, in particular a ball bearing. The test chamber according to claim 9.

11. The rod support includes one or more sealing rings disposed within the support hole. The test chamber according to claim 9.

12. The rod support is in contact with the side wall of the chamber housing, including the receiving opening, in such a manner that the force due to gravity of the rod structure is absorbed by the rod support. The test chamber according to claim 9.

13. The rod support is in airtight contact with the side wall such that the receiving opening of the chamber housing is sealed by the rod support. The test chamber according to claim 12.

14. The chamber housing includes a bottom plate, The bottom plate includes a mounting portion for removably attaching the chamber housing to the support portion of the device. The test chamber according to claim 1 or 2.

15. The mounting portion includes at least one mounting pin that can engage with each of the housing holes of the device. The test chamber according to claim 14.

16. The mounting portion includes at least one mounting recess into which each of the support pins of the support portion can engage. The test chamber according to claim 14.

17. The test chamber comprises the rod structure, The rod structure has a force transmission rod that extends through the receiving opening of the test chamber and is movable toward the test specimen holder structure to transmit a mechanical load to the test specimen. The test chamber according to claim 1 or 2.

18. The rod structure has a coupling device positioned at the end of the force transmission rod that extends outside the test chamber, The coupling device is detachably coupled to the actuator of the apparatus. The test chamber according to claim 17.

19. The coupling device includes a coupling pin configured to be insertable into the actuator receiving hole of the coupling portion of the device, The coupling pin includes a clamping element of the apparatus, in particular a receiving portion for receiving a radially movable ball, in particular a steel ball, in particular a groove, The test chamber according to claim 18.

20. At least one gas coupling attached to the chamber housing, Here, the gas coupling is configured to be coupled to the gas reservoir, external filter unit, and / or vacuum pump of the apparatus in order to control the gas atmosphere within the chamber housing. The test chamber according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

21. The gas coupling is formed on the bottom plate of the chamber housing such that the gas coupling can be connected to each gas connection located on the support portion of the apparatus for supporting the test chamber. The test chamber according to claim 20.

22. The gas coupling is formed on the side wall of the chamber housing, The side wall is in particular the side wall of the chamber housing facing the receiving opening and / or the upper wall of the chamber housing, thereby enabling the gas coupling to be connected to the respective gas connection points located in the gas supply section of the apparatus. The test chamber according to claim 20.

23. Climate control devices, further comprising a temperature control unit, a humidity control unit and / or an air filtration unit, The test chamber according to claim 1 or 2.

24. The chamber housing further comprises a sensor element for measuring climatic parameters, particularly temperature, oxygen concentration, or humidity, within the chamber housing. The test chamber according to claim 1 or 2.

25. The rod structure further includes a force sensor for measuring the impact force between the rod structure and the test specimen being tested. The test chamber according to claim 1 or 2.

26. Optical measuring devices for optically measuring the test specimen under test, particularly high-speed cameras, and / or A displacement sensor for measuring the displacement of a part of the test specimen under test conditions, particularly under processing of the test specimen by the rod structure. The test chamber according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

27. The chamber housing includes an assembly opening for placing the test specimen, which is the subject of the test, inside the chamber housing. The assembly opening is located in particular in the upper wall of the chamber housing, The assembly opening can be closed by a locking element, in particular by an opening flap. The test chamber according to claim 1 or 2.

28. The chamber housing includes at least one handling opening for handling the test specimen being tested within the chamber housing, The handling opening is located in particular in the side wall of the chamber housing, The handling opening can be closed by a locking element, in particular by an opening flap. The test chamber according to claim 1 or 2.

29. A laboratory glove for handling the test setup and / or the test specimen is connected to the handling opening within the test chamber. The test chamber according to claim 28.

30. An apparatus for testing a test specimen, wherein the apparatus, The test chamber according to claim 1 or 2, Here, the test chamber is detachably attached to the support portion of the apparatus, particularly the support plate, by the mounting portion. A rod structure extending through the receiving opening of the test chamber and movable in the direction of the test specimen holder structure to transmit a mechanical load to the test specimen, Actuator for moving the rod structure A device equipped with the following features.

31. A lifting mechanism coupled to the support part, Here, the lifting mechanism is configured to raise and lower the test chamber from the support, thereby separating the test chamber from the support. The apparatus according to claim 30, further comprising:

32. The lifting mechanism has at least two, particularly three, lifting pistons configured to extend between the device and the test chamber in order to lift and lower the test chamber. The apparatus according to claim 31.

33. The support portion includes a receiving hole for receiving the mounting pin of the test chamber. The support portion includes controllable clamping means for securing the mounting pin, The apparatus according to claim 30.

34. A handling device for transporting the test chamber to the support or for unloading it from the support. Here, the handling device includes, in particular, a robotic arm, a conveyor and / or a forklift. The apparatus according to claim 30, further comprising:

35. The handling device and the control unit for controlling the actuator are further provided in order to perform material testing by controlling the actuator to mount the test chamber on the support portion and to move the rod structure. The apparatus according to claim 34.

36. A method for testing a test specimen in a test chamber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method is: The step of providing a test specimen to the test specimen holder structure within the chamber housing, The step of removably attaching the chamber housing to the apparatus for testing the test specimen, In order to transmit a mechanical load to the test specimen, the rod component is moved in the direction of the test specimen holder component by the actuator. Here, the rod structure extends through the receiving opening of the chamber housing, A method that includes [a certain feature].

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