Agricultural biostimulant / biofertilizer composition

Abstract

This invention relates to agricultural compositions containing biological extracts. In particular, this disclosure relates to agricultural compositions containing yeast extracts. This invention also relates to methods for producing yeast extracts, methods for producing compositions, and uses thereof. More specifically, this disclosure relates to biostimulant / biofertilizer compositions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an agricultural composition containing a biological extract. In particular, the present disclosure relates to an agricultural composition containing yeast extract and a method for producing the same. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a biostimulant / biological fertilizer composition.

Background Art

[0002] Yeast extract, which is an internal component of yeast cells, is rich in various amino acids and can improve the biological availability of nutrients in combination with trace minerals. Yeast extract is also known to be rich in nucleotides, sugars, various trace minerals, and metabolites in addition to amino acids and proteins.

[0003] Yeast-based biostimulants such as yeast extract, yeast-derived amino acids, and fertilizers have been used to improve plant growth and yield, enhance stress tolerance, and reduce the effects of abiotic stress on plants. Recently, International Publication No. 2022 / 184820 teaches reducing the effects of abiotic stress in plants and / or parts of plants, and / or increasing the tolerance of plants and / or parts of plants to abiotic stress, and / or increasing the biomass or yield of plants and / or parts of plants under abiotic stress, and the method includes contacting the plants and / or parts of plants or the soil with a composition containing a yeast-derived material. The yeast-derived material can be, in particular, a yeast hydrolyzate obtained using an alkaline hydrolysis method.

[0004] Humic acid and fulvic acid are organic acids that naturally exist in soil by the decomposition of residues of plants, animals, and microorganisms. Fulvic acid and humic acid enhance the water retention capacity of the soil. They also help filter toxins and heavy metals and promote the health of plants and their products. They contribute to soil fertility, root nutrition, nutrient absorption, chlorophyll increase, photosynthesis, etc.

[0005] Sabreen Kh.A. Ibraheim ("Effect of Foliar Spray With Some Biostimulants on Growth, Yield and Seeds Quality of Pea Plants Grown In Sandy Soil", Journal of Applied Sciences Research (2014), 10(5), 400-407) compared the effects of foliar spraying of yeast extract on pea plants with the effects of Mega Power-X, a biostimulant containing humic acid, fulvic acid, free amino acids, chelated minerals, and potassium citrate.

[0006] Despite existing knowledge of yeast-based biostimulants, significant potential remains in optimizing and developing novel yeast extract-based compositions that could significantly improve yields, mitigate the harmful effects of biotic and abiotic stresses, and enhance plant tolerance to these stresses. There is also a need for new and innovative biostimulant compositions that function as biofertilizers. Within this technological field, there is an unmet need to optimize the manufacturing processes of yeast-based plant growth promoters that enhance their efficacy as biostimulants and biofertilizers. Furthermore, there is still a demand for yeast extract-based compositions that can be applied at low doses to increase plant yield, growth, and stress tolerance.

[0007] This disclosure aims to provide compositions and methods that are significantly different from those known in the prior art, and to provide novel and effective methods for improving yield and reducing biological and abiotic stress. The inventors of the present invention aim to provide yeast-based agricultural compositions that provide benefits to plants in terms of yield, growth, and stress tolerance, even at low doses. The present invention also aims to provide an effective method for obtaining functionally effective yeast extracts that contribute to the overall efficacy of the agricultural compositions described herein. [Overview of the project]

[0008] One aspect of this disclosure is, a. Yeast-based plant growth stimulants, b. Metabolic cofactors selected from B vitamins, ascorbic acid, or a combination thereof, c. A chelating agent selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, or a combination thereof, The present invention provides an agricultural composition containing [a specific ingredient / method].

[0009] One aspect of this disclosure is, a. Yeast-based plant growth stimulants, b. Metabolic cofactors selected from B vitamins, ascorbic acid, or a combination thereof, c. A chelating agent selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, or a combination thereof, d. Optionally, one or more additional plant growth promoters, macronutrients, or micronutrients, The present invention provides an agricultural composition containing [a specific ingredient / method].

[0010] In one embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is a yeast extract, inactive yeast, yeast cell wall, or yeast cell wall derivative. In one embodiment, the yeast extract is a cell-free fermentation extract, a cell-free spent medium, yeast hydrolysate, cell-free yeast hydrolysate, yeast autolyzede, cell-free yeast autolyzede, fermentation extract containing live or dead cells, spent medium containing live or dead cells, or an unfiltered extract containing lysed cells and cell residue.

[0011] In one embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is a yeast extract obtained by alkaline hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, physical treatment, mechanical treatment, or a combination thereof. Preferably, the yeast extract is obtained by a combination of processes including enzymatic hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, and alkaline hydrolysis.

[0012] In one embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is characterized by the presence of amino acids in the range of approximately 1% w / w to approximately 20% w / w of the total weight of the yeast-based plant growth promoter. In one embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter further comprises carbohydrates, sugars, metabolites, and water.

[0013] In one embodiment, a process for producing a yeast-based plant growth promoter, particularly a yeast extract, is provided. In one embodiment, the yeast extract is i) A step of providing yeast inoculant, ii) A step of treating the yeast with a hydrolytic enzyme, iii) The above mixture is treated with acid, followed by precipitation, iv) Separating the supernatant, treating the precipitate with an alkaline solution, and then allowing it to precipitate again, v) The step of mixing the supernatant from step iv) to obtain yeast extract It is manufactured by a method that includes [a specific process].

[0014] Another aspect of this disclosure provides a method for reducing stress in plants and / or parts of plants and increasing yield, the method being: a. Yeast-based plant growth stimulants, b. Metabolic cofactors selected from B vitamins, ascorbic acid, or a combination thereof, c. A chelating agent selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, or a combination thereof, d. Optionally, one or more additional plant growth promoters, macronutrients, or micronutrients, This includes applying an agricultural composition containing to a plant, a part of a plant, or a location.

[0015] Another aspect of this disclosure provides the use of agricultural compositions to reduce stress in plants and / or parts of plants, the composition a. Yeast-based plant growth stimulants, b. Metabolic cofactors selected from B vitamins, ascorbic acid, or a combination thereof, c. A chelating agent selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, or a combination thereof, d. Optionally, one or more additional plant growth promoters, macronutrients, or micronutrients. This includes, [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0016] For the purposes of the following detailed description, unless expressly to the contrary, it should be understood that the present invention may envision various alternative variations and sequences of steps. Furthermore, in any example of operation, or unless otherwise indicated, all numerical values ​​representing amounts of materials / components used herein, for example, should be understood in all cases to be modified by the term "approximately".

[0017] Unless otherwise specified, all exact values ​​provided herein represent corresponding approximations (for example, all exact exemplary values ​​provided with respect to a particular factor or measurement can be considered to also provide corresponding approximate measurements, modified as necessary with "about"). As used herein, "about" refers to measurable values ​​such as parameters, quantities, durations, etc., and includes variations of no more than ±15%, specifically ±10%, more specifically ±5%, more specifically ±1%, and more specifically ±0.1% from the specifically stated value, to the extent that such variations are appropriate in the disclosures contained herein.

[0018] The recitation of a range of values is intended to serve as a shorthand for referring individually to each separate value that falls within the range, and each separate value is incorporated herein as if it were individually recited herein. All ranges of values provided are intended to include the values between the endpoints of the range, and can be combined independently. All numerical values or numerical ranges used herein include integers within the range and values or fractions of integers within the range, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Thus, for example, a reference to a range of 90 to 100% includes, in addition to 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, etc., 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, etc., 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, etc. All methods described herein can be performed in the appropriate order, unless otherwise separately described herein or clearly inconsistent with the context.

[0019] It should be noted that the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" as used herein include the singular and plural referents, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "preferred" and "preferably" refer to embodiments of the invention that may provide certain advantages under certain circumstances.

[0020] The terms "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", "involving", etc. as used herein are understood to mean non-limiting, i.e., including but not limited to.

[0021] As used herein, the term "plant" or "target plant" refers to any vegetation to which the compositions of the present disclosure can be applied for any purpose or any treatment. This term covers the entire plant or a part thereof, such as reproductive organs like stems, branches, bark, pistils, flowers, petals, sepals, roots, rhizomes, buds, bulbs, tubers, petioles, nodes, internodes, leaves, leaflets, meristems, root tips, new shoots, fruits, anthers, stamens, carpels, ovaries, styles, stigmas, etc. This term also includes seeds, seedlings, or any plant propagation material.

[0022] The term "plant propagation material" is understood to refer to all reproductive parts of a plant, such as seeds, vegetative plant materials such as cuttings and tubers (such as potatoes), etc. that can be used for the propagation of plants. This includes seeds, roots, fruits, tubers, bulbs, rhizomes, new shoots, buds and other parts of the plant. It can also include seedlings and young plants that are transplanted after germination or after emerging from the soil. These plant propagation materials can be prophylactically treated with plant protection compounds at the time of planting or transplantation or before that. In one embodiment, this term includes agriculturally useful plants such as, for example, vegetables, fruits, cereal crops, ornamental plants, etc.

[0023] As used herein, the term "location" is intended to refer to the vicinity of the target plant where growth stimulation is desired. The location includes the vicinity of the target plant where it has already occurred or has not yet occurred. The term "target plant" includes a number of desirable crop plants or individual crop plants growing in a location. The location includes the area, medium, soil in which the target plant grows.

[0024] As used herein, the term “biostimulant” refers to a product, ingredient, or composition that, when applied to a plant and / or part thereof, results in a desirable change or improvement in the plant’s health, its phenotypic or genotypic characteristics, a visible beneficial change in the plant, improved stress and disease resistance, and improved yield and quality of agricultural products. Non-limiting examples of changes or improvements brought about by biostimulants include: Improved plant nutrient utilization efficiency, promotion of root and shoot growth, improved reproductive heat stress tolerance, improved drought tolerance, improved pollen tube growth, improved pollen survival rate, improved fertilization and fruiting, increased inflorescence primordia, increased number and yield of buds and sheaths, improved and strengthened root tubers and structure, improved / increased bud development, promotion of shoot or bud emergence, improved emergence vigor / uniformity, improved and increased branching, improved / increased diameter and strength, improved / increased internode length, increased number of yield structures (ears, fruits, etc.), increased leaf area, increased chlorophyll content, greening, improved photosynthetic activity, increased fixed CO2, promotion and improvement of flowering, improved pollination, promotion of fruiting and retention, improved size and quality potential through improved cell division, improved fruit finish, control of pests such as fungal pests, viruses, bacteria, weeds, insects, and nematodes, strengthened resistance to pests such as fungal pests, viruses, bacteria, weeds, insects, and nematodes, increased plant weight, increased plant height Increased biomass, including increased overall fresh weight, improved grain yield, increased tillering, increased leaf size, accelerated shoot growth, increased protein content, increased oil content, increased starch content, increased pigment content, improved plant vitality, improved plant growth, improved plant development, improved appearance of the plant or parts thereof, improved plant uprightness (less lodging), improved germination, accelerated nodule formation by rhizobia, increased leaf blade size, increased yield when grown in poor soil or unfavorable climates, increased pigment content (e.g., chlorophyll content), earlier flowering, earlier fruiting, earlier germination, improved germination, accelerated grain maturation, improved self-defense mechanisms, improved plant stress tolerance and resistance to biological and abiotic stressors such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, insects, heat stress, cold stress, drought stress, UV stress, and salinity stress, reduced unproductive tillering, and reduced dead basal leaves.Reduced input requirements (fertilizer, water, etc.), greener leaves, shorter growing period to full maturity, reduced fertilizer requirements, reduced seed requirements, easier harvesting, faster and more uniform maturation, extended shelf life, longer panicles, delayed aging, stronger and more productive tillers, improved extractability of nutrients, improved seed quality (for sowing in the next season for seed production), reduced ethylene production and / or inhibition of ethylene reception by plants, increased nutrient content, increased fatty acid content, increased metabolite content, increased carotenoid content, increased sugar content, increased essential amino acid content, improved nutritional content, improved protein content, improved fatty acid content, improved metabolite content, improved carotenoid content, improved sugar content, improved amino acid content, improved or optimized fruit color, improved leaf color, increased storage capacity, and / or improved processability of the harvested product.

[0025] Therefore, before describing this disclosure in detail, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the particularly exemplified process parameters or compositions, and that they are naturally subject to change. It should also be understood that the terms used herein are solely for the purpose of describing embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention in any way. Any use of examples in this specification (including examples of any terms discussed herein) is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the scope and meaning of the present invention, or the scope and meaning of any exemplified terms. Similarly, the present invention is not limited to the various embodiments described herein. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art in which the present invention relates. In case of any conflict, the provisions of this specification, including definitions, shall prevail.

[0026] One embodiment of this disclosure is, a. Yeast-based plant growth stimulants, b. Metabolic cofactors selected from B vitamins, ascorbic acid, or a combination thereof, c. A chelating agent selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, or a combination thereof, The present invention provides an agricultural composition containing [a specific ingredient / method].

[0027] In one embodiment, the composition further comprises one or more additional plant growth promoters, macronutrients, micronutrients, or combinations thereof, wherein the additional plant growth promoters are not yeast-based plant growth promoters.

[0028] One embodiment of this disclosure is, a. Yeast-based plant growth stimulants, b. Metabolic cofactors selected from B vitamins, ascorbic acid, or a combination thereof, c. A chelating agent selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, or a combination thereof, d. Optionally, one or more additional plant growth promoters, macronutrients, micronutrients, or combinations thereof, The present invention provides an agricultural composition containing [a specific ingredient / method].

[0029] In one embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter belongs to (or is derived from) yeasts selected from the genera Saccharomyces, Kluiveromyces, Hanseniaspora, Metchnikowia, Pichia, Starmerella, Torlaspora, Brettanomyces, Lachancea, Schizosaccharomyces, or Candida. Preferably, the yeast-based plant growth promoter belongs to yeasts of the genus Saccharomyces. More preferably, the yeast-based plant growth promoter belongs to the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

[0030] In one embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is a yeast extract, inactive yeast, yeast cell wall, or yeast cell wall derivative. In a preferred embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is a yeast extract.

[0031] In one embodiment, the yeast extract is a cell-free fermentation extract, a cell-free spent culture medium, a yeast hydrolysate, a cell-free yeast hydrolysate, a yeast autolyzede, a cell-free yeast autolyzede, a fermentation extract containing live or dead cells, a spent culture medium containing live or dead cells, or an unfiltered extract containing lysed cells and cell residue. In a preferred embodiment, the yeast extract is a cell-free yeast hydrolysate.

[0032] In one embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is a yeast extract obtained by alkaline hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, physical treatment, mechanical treatment, or a combination thereof. Preferably, the yeast extract is obtained by a combination of processes including enzymatic hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, and alkaline hydrolysis.

[0033] Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is a yeast extract, which is obtained by a combination of processes including enzymatic hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, and alkaline hydrolysis.

[0034] In another preferred embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is a yeast extract, which is a cell-free yeast hydrolysate obtained by a combination of processes including enzymatic hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, and alkaline hydrolysis.

[0035] In one embodiment, the B vitamins are selected from thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, folic acid, cyanocobalamin, or derivatives thereof.

[0036] In one embodiment, the metabolic cofactor is a vitamin B selected from thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, folic acid, cyanocobalamin, or derivatives thereof. In a specific embodiment, the vitamin B is pyridoxine or a derivative thereof. In a specific embodiment, the vitamin B is thiamine or a derivative thereof. In a specific embodiment, the vitamin B is riboflavin or a derivative thereof.

[0037] In one embodiment, the metabolic cofactor is ascorbic acid. In one embodiment, the metabolic cofactor is a combination of one or more B vitamins and ascorbic acid.

[0038] In one embodiment, the chelating agent is humic acid. In another embodiment, the chelating agent is fulvic acid. In yet another embodiment, the chelating agent is a combination of humic acid and fulvic acid.

[0039] In one embodiment, the additional plant growth promoter is one or more amino acids, L-amino acids, or derivatives thereof. Thus, in one embodiment, the composition of the Disclosure further comprises one or more additional amino acids, macronutrients, micronutrients, or combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the composition comprises one or more additional amino acids. In one embodiment, the composition comprises one or more additional macronutrients. In one embodiment, the composition comprises one or more additional micronutrients. In a preferred embodiment, the composition comprises one or more additional amino acids, micronutrients, and macronutrients.

[0040] In one embodiment, macronutrients or micronutrients are added to the composition of the Disclosure as inorganic salts. In one embodiment, major nutrients or micronutrients may be selected from nitrogen or a salt thereof, phosphorus or a salt thereof, potassium or a salt thereof, zinc or a salt thereof, magnesium or a salt thereof, manganese or a salt thereof, boron or a salt thereof, calcium or a salt thereof, iron or a salt thereof, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, zinc or a salt thereof is in the form of zinc sulfate heptahydrate. In one embodiment, magnesium or a salt thereof is in the form of magnesium sulfate. In one embodiment, manganese or a salt thereof is in the form of manganese chloride. In one embodiment, boron or a salt thereof is in the form of boric acid. In one embodiment, calcium or a salt thereof is in the form of calcium chloride. In one embodiment, iron or a salt thereof is in the form of ferrous sulfate. In a preferred embodiment, additional major nutrients or micronutrients may be selected from zinc sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate, manganese chloride, boric acid, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, or a combination thereof.

[0041] In one embodiment, macronutrients or micronutrients may be present in the composition in a chelated form.

[0042] In one embodiment, the additional plant growth promoter is an amino acid, L-amino acid, or a derivative thereof. In one embodiment, the amino acid or L-amino acid may be selected from lysine, glycine, aspartic acid, alanine, tryptophan, proline, isoleucine, histidine, leucine, threonine, glutamic acid, tyrosine, serine, glutamine, phenylalanine, cysteine, valine, asparagine, arginine, sarcosine, L-lysine, L-glycine, L-aspartic acid, L-alanine, L-tryptophan, L-proline, L-isoleucine, L-histidine, L-leucine, L-threonine, L-glutamic acid, L-tyrosine, L-serine, L-glutamine, L-phenylalanine, L-cysteine, L-valine, L-asparagine, L-arginine, L-sarcosine, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the amino acid or L-amino acid may be derived from a synthetic or natural source.

[0043] In one embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 1% w / w to about 90% w / w of the total weight of the composition. In one embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 10% w / w to about 90% w / w of the total weight of the composition. In one embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 30% w / w to about 90% w / w of the total weight of the composition. In one embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 50% w / w to about 90% w / w of the total weight of the composition. In a particular embodiment, the yeast extract is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 50% w / w to about 80% w / w of the total weight of the composition.

[0044] In one embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is characterized by the presence of amino acids in the range of approximately 1% w / w to approximately 20% w / w of the total weight of the yeast-based plant growth promoter. In one embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter further comprises carbohydrates, sugars, metabolites, and water.

[0045] In one embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is characterized by the presence of organic carbon in the range of approximately 5% w / w to approximately 6% w / w of the total weight of the yeast-based plant growth promoter.

[0046] In one embodiment, the metabolic cofactor is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 0.01% w / w to about 30% w / w of the total weight of the composition.

[0047] In one embodiment, the chelating agent is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 0.1% w / w to about 50% w / w of the total weight of the composition. In another embodiment, the chelating agent is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 1% w / w to about 50% w / w of the total weight of the composition.

[0048] In one embodiment, one or more additional plant growth promoters, macronutrients, or micronutrients are present in the composition in amounts ranging from about 0% w / w to about 50% w / w of the total weight of the composition. In one embodiment, one or more additional plant growth promoters, macronutrients, or micronutrients are present in the composition in amounts ranging from about 0.01% w / w to about 50% w / w of the total weight of the composition.

[0049] In one embodiment, one or more major nutrients or micronutrients are present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 0% w / w to about 30% w / w of the total weight of the composition. In another embodiment, one or more major nutrients or micronutrients are present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 0.01% w / w to about 30% w / w of the total weight of the composition.

[0050] In one embodiment, the composition may further contain one or more externally added amino acids as additional plant growth promoters. The amino acids may be added externally in amounts ranging from about 0% w / w to about 20% w / w of the total weight of the composition. Alternatively, the amino acids may be added externally in amounts ranging from about 0.1% w / w to about 20% w / w of the total weight of the composition.

[0051] In any of the compositions, methods, or uses of the inventions disclosed herein, the compositions may further comprise an agriculturally acceptable carrier.

[0052] Therefore, embodiments of the present disclosure are a. Yeast-based plant growth promoters obtained by a combination of processes including enzymatic hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, and alkaline hydrolysis, b. Metabolic cofactors selected from B vitamins, ascorbic acid, or a combination thereof, c. A chelating agent selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, or a combination thereof, The present invention provides an agricultural composition comprising, optionally, one or more additional plant growth promoters, major nutrients, micronutrients, or combinations thereof.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is a yeast extract. In another preferred embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is a yeast extract, and the yeast extract is a cell-free yeast hydrolysate.

[0054] One embodiment of this disclosure is, a. Yeast-based plant growth stimulants ranging from 1% w / w to approximately 90% w / w, b. Metabolic cofactors selected from B vitamins, ascorbic acid, or combinations thereof, at a concentration of 0.01% w / w to approximately 30% w / w, c. A chelating agent selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, or a combination thereof, at a concentration of 0.1% w / w to approximately 50% w / w, d. Optionally, one or more additional plant growth promoters, macronutrients, micronutrients, or combinations thereof, from 0% w / w to approximately 50% w / w. The present invention provides an agricultural composition containing [a specific ingredient / method].

[0055] One embodiment of this disclosure is, a. Yeast-based plant growth promoters obtained by a combination of processes including enzymatic hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, and alkaline hydrolysis, ranging from 1% w / w to approximately 90% w / w, b. Metabolic cofactors selected from B vitamins, ascorbic acid, or combinations thereof, at a concentration of 0.01% w / w to approximately 30% w / w, c. A chelating agent selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, or a combination thereof, at a concentration of 0.1% w / w to approximately 50% w / w, d. Optionally, one or more additional plant growth promoters, macronutrients, micronutrients, or combinations thereof in amounts ranging from 0% w / w to approximately 50% w / w. The present invention provides an agricultural composition containing the following:

[0056] Embodiments of this disclosure also provide a process for producing yeast-based plant growth promoters, particularly yeast extracts.

[0057] In one embodiment, i) A step of providing yeast inoculant, ii) A step of treating the yeast with a hydrolytic enzyme, iii) The above mixture is treated with acid, followed by precipitation, iv) Separating the supernatant, treating the precipitate with an alkaline solution, and then allowing it to precipitate again, v) The step of mixing the supernatant from step iv) to obtain yeast extract, A process for producing yeast extract, including the following, is provided.

[0058] In one embodiment, the yeast extract obtained by the process described herein is a cell-free yeast hydrolysate.

[0059] In one embodiment, the hydrolytic enzyme used can be selected from papain or other proteolytic enzymes such as pepsin, alcalase, and / or trypsin. In a preferred embodiment, the hydrolytic enzyme used is papain.

[0060] In one embodiment, the acid used in this process is selected from lactic acid, citric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid. In a preferred embodiment, the acid is hydrochloric acid.

[0061] In one embodiment, the acid concentration is in the range of 20% to 100%, preferably 25% to 99%. In one embodiment, the acid concentration may be in the range of 28% to 36%. In one embodiment, the acid concentration may be in the range of 78% to 98%.

[0062] In one embodiment, the alkali may be selected from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, ammonia, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the preferred alkali is potassium hydroxide.

[0063] In one embodiment, the pH of the solution after the acid hydrolysis step is in the range of approximately 2.5 to 3.5. The pH of the solution after alkaline hydrolysis is in the range of approximately 5.5 to 6.5. The pH of the final composition is in the range of approximately 2.0 to 7.0, preferably 2.5 to 6.5, and more preferably 3.0 to 5.0. In a preferred embodiment, the pH of the composition of the present disclosure is in the range of approximately 3.0 to 4.0.

[0064] The present invention further, i) A step of providing yeast inoculant, ii) A step of treating the yeast with a hydrolytic enzyme, iii) The above mixture is treated with acid, followed by precipitation, iv) Separating the supernatant, treating the precipitate with an alkaline solution, and then allowing it to precipitate again, The present invention provides a yeast extract obtained by a process comprising the steps of: v) mixing the supernatant from step iv) to obtain a yeast extract; and

[0065] In one embodiment, the yeast extract obtained by the process described herein is a cell-free yeast hydrolysate.

[0066] In one embodiment, a process for producing the composition of the Disclosure is also provided. In one embodiment, the composition of the Disclosure is i) A step of providing a yeast-based plant growth promoter, ii) A step of optionally adding one or more plant growth promoters, micronutrients and / or macronutrients to the yeast extract and allowing the solution to precipitate, iii) A step of mixing a chelating agent with the supernatant obtained from step ii), iv) Adding metabolic cofactors selected from B vitamins, ascorbic acid, or combinations thereof to the mixture obtained in step iii) to obtain the final composition, It is obtained by a process that includes this.

[0067] In one embodiment, the yeast-based plant growth promoter is a yeast extract obtained by alkaline hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, or acid hydrolysis.

[0068] In one embodiment, the composition disclosed herein is a biostimulant or biofertilizer composition.

[0069] In one embodiment, the composition of the present disclosure is a biostimulant composition.

[0070] In one embodiment, the composition of the present disclosure is a biofertilizer composition.

[0071] In one embodiment, the composition of the present disclosure is a stress reliever for plants and / or parts of plants to which it is applied.

[0072] In one embodiment, the Disclosure provides compositions for mitigating the effects of abiotic stress on plants and / or parts of plants, compositions for increasing the tolerance of plants and / or parts of plants to abiotic stress, and / or compositions for increasing the biomass or yield of plants and / or parts of plants under abiotic stress, the method comprising contacting plants and / or parts of plants or soil with the compositions of the Disclosure. By contacting plants and / or parts of plants or soil with the compositions of the Disclosure, the effects of abiotic stress on plants and / or parts of plants can be mitigated, and / or the tolerance of plants and / or parts of plants to abiotic stress can be increased, and / or the biomass or yield of plants and / or parts of plants can be increased compared to untreated plants and / or parts of plants.

[0073] In one embodiment, the composition is applied at a rate of approximately 50 ml / ha to approximately 500 ml / ha. In another embodiment, the composition is applied at a rate of approximately 60 ml / ha to approximately 400 ml / ha. In yet another embodiment, the composition is applied at a rate of approximately 70 ml / ha to approximately 300 ml / ha. In yet another embodiment, the composition is applied at a rate of approximately 80 ml / ha to approximately 200 ml / ha. In yet another embodiment, the composition is applied at a rate of approximately 90 ml / ha to approximately 100 ml / ha. In a preferred embodiment, the composition is applied at a rate of approximately 90 ml / ha to approximately 100 ml / ha.

[0074] In one embodiment, the Disclosure provides a method for mitigating the effects of abiotic stress on a plant and / or part of a plant, for increasing the tolerance of a plant and / or part of a plant to abiotic stress, and / or for increasing the biomass or yield of a plant and / or part of a plant under abiotic stress, wherein the method comprises contacting a plant and / or part of a plant or soil with a composition of the Disclosure. By contacting a plant and / or part of a plant or soil with a composition of the Disclosure, the effects of abiotic stress on a plant and / or part of a plant can be mitigated, and / or for increasing the tolerance of a plant and / or part of a plant to abiotic stress, and / or for increasing the biomass or yield of a plant and / or part of a plant compared to an untreated plant and / or part of a plant.

[0075] Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for reducing stress in a plant and / or part of a plant and increasing its growth and yield, the method comprising applying an agricultural composition to the plant and / or part of or in a location of the plant, the agricultural composition is a. Yeast-based plant growth stimulants, b. Metabolic cofactors selected from B vitamins, ascorbic acid, or a combination thereof, c. A chelating agent selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, or a combination thereof, d. Optionally, one or more additional plant growth promoters, macronutrients, or micronutrients, Includes.

[0076] Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides the use of an agricultural composition for reducing stress in plants and / or parts of plants, the composition is a. Yeast-based plant growth stimulants, b. Metabolic cofactors selected from B vitamins, ascorbic acid, or a combination thereof, c. A chelating agent selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, or a combination thereof, d. Optionally, one or more additional plant growth promoters, macronutrients, or micronutrients, Includes.

[0077] In one embodiment, abiotic stress may be high temperature, heat, drought, water stress, high light intensity, hail, low temperature, freezing, cold, salinity, ozone, or a combination thereof.

[0078] Any method or use of the present disclosure may further include contacting a plant and / or part of a plant with one or more additional agricultural compounds separately, simultaneously, or sequentially. Any method or use of the present disclosure may further include contacting a plant and / or part of a plant with one or more additional agricultural compounds simultaneously.

[0079] Plants that can be used with the compositions of the present invention include agriculturally useful plants and / or parts of plants, such as vegetables, fruits, cereal crops, and ornamental plants. Agriculturally useful plants and / or parts of plants are angiosperms selected from the group consisting of Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Convolvulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Liliaceae, Polygonaceae, Rosaceae, Solanaceae, Poaceae, and Vitaceae. Therefore, in one embodiment, the target plant and / or part of a plant is selected from crops, cereals, fruits, vegetables, nuts, grapes, seedlings, and flowers. In one embodiment, non-limiting examples of target plants and / or parts of plants include: corn; grains such as rice, wheat, barley, rye, oats, sorghum, millet, rye wheat, and buckwheat; cotton, soybeans, sugar beets, row crops, legumes, gram, sugarcane, tobacco, etc.; oilseeds such as rapeseed, peanuts / ground nuts, rapeseed, sunflower, etc.; vegetables: nightshade vegetables (e.g., eggplant, tomato, bell pepper, pepper, potato, etc.) , Cucurbitaceae vegetables (e.g., cucumbers, pumpkins, zucchini, watermelons, melons, squash, gourds, cantaloupes, etc.), Brassicaceae vegetables (e.g., radishes, turnips, wasabi, kohlrabi, cabbage, mustard greens, broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, kale, etc.), Asteraceae vegetables (e.g., burdock, garland chrysanthemum, artichokes, lettuce, etc.), Liliaceae vegetables (e.g., leeks, onions, shallots, garlic) (e.g., asparagus), apricot family vegetables (e.g., carrots, parsley, celery, parsnips, leeks), amaranth family vegetables (e.g., spinach, Swiss chard), mint family vegetables (e.g., perilla, mint, basil); herbs and spices (e.g., coriander, chamomile, cinnamon, catnip, cloves, cumin, curry, cilantro, cinnamon, cardamom, dill, anise, juniper, ra Vendors, parsley, rosemary, marigold, mustard, nutmeg, fennel, poppy, thyme, vanilla, saffron, poppy, sage, wintergreen, etc.), flowers, ornamental plants, grass, fruits: apples, pears, quince, guava and other pomelo fruits, peaches, plums, nectarines, cherries, apricots, prunes and other drupes, oranges, lemons, limes, grapefruit, mandarins, maltese, kumquats, pomelos,Citrus fruits such as tangerines, tangors, and unique; nuts such as chestnuts, walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds, pistachios, cashews, macadamia nuts, pecans, pine nuts, and more; berries such as caneberries, strawberries, blueberries, cranberries, blackberries, raspberries, corkberries, darrowberries, dewberries, thornless berries, evergreen blackberries, Himalayan berries, haluberries, lavaberries, loganberries, rawberries, lucretiaberries, mammoth blackberries, marionberries, mollusks, mulles de ronce, nectarberries, oraryberries, evergreen berries, phenomenon berries, lentils, ravenberries, rosberries, dewberries, tayberries, young berries, zarsamora, aronia berries, currants, elderberries, barberries, gooseberries, honeysuckle, huckleberries, joustaberries, Juneberries, lingonberries, salar, sea buckthorn, bayberries, buffalo berries. Farrowberry, chalk cherry, may pop, mulberry, bearberry, bilberry, cloudberry, muntries, partridge berry, etc. Grapes, persimmon, kiwi fruit, olive, plum, banana, coffee, date palm, coconut, papaya, avocado, dragon fruit, pomegranate, lychee, jackfruit, pineapple, passion fruit, sapota, etc. Teas of non-fruit trees, mulberry, flowering plants, ash, birch, dogwood, eucalyptus, ginkgo, lilac, maple This includes trees such as Japanese oak, sawtooth oak, poplar, katsura tree, sweetgum, plane tree, zelkova, cypress, fir, hemlock, juniper, pine, spruce, yew, etc., as well as crops such as chives, cinnamon, hostas, fritillary, goji berries, okra, peas, hops, green beans, guar, radish, amaranth, jute, fenugreek, lentils, chickpeas, artichokes, rhubarb, licorice, and sweet potatoes, as well as yams, taro, ornamental grasses (turfgrass, sod, etc.), and their varieties and cultivars.

[0080] The compositions of the present disclosure according to the embodiments may be used in the following situations: • Before budding • After germination ·Before sowing • Before harvest • After harvest

[0081] In one embodiment, the composition of the present disclosure is applied before planting / sowing, at sowing, at germination, at the early leaf stage, at the early flowering stage, at the early flowering stage, at full bloom, at the petal fall stage, at the bud swelling stage, at the bud development stage, at the late petal fall stage, at the late bud development stage, at the early bud development stage, at the full pistil stage, at the late pollination stage, at the style formation stage, at the stem formation stage, at the late style formation stage, at the fruiting stage, at the early mid-flowering stage, at the greening (post-dormancy) stage, at the bud development stage, and so on, at the late flowering stage, at the harvest stage, and / or after harvest. In one embodiment, the composition of the present disclosure may be applied at any time throughout the growth stage, as conventionally known to those skilled in the art. The timing of application will vary depending on the target plant, environmental conditions such as nutrient deficiencies, biotic and abiotic stresses, the type of application and the expected results, or other parameters known to those skilled in the art. Application may be made at least once a week during the plant's growth period.

[0082] In one embodiment, the compositions of the Disclosure are applied directly and / or indirectly to plants and / or plant propagation materials by spraying onto soil, dripping onto soil, injecting into soil, immersion, or treatment of seeds.

[0083] The compositions of the present disclosure may be applied by dusting, spraying, granular application, seed pelleting / seed dressing, scattering, furrow application, side application, spot application, ring application, root zone application, pralineage, seedling root immersion, set treatment, stem / stem injection, padding, swab, root nutrient supply, soil drenching, capsule placement, bait, fumigation, band application, foliar application, basal application, spatial treatment, enclosed space fumigation, and other methods which may be useful in preventing, controlling, or eradicating disease.

[0084] In preferred embodiments, the compositions of the present disclosure are applied by drenching, furrow application, soil, drip irrigation, soil injection, hydroponics, capillary action, root infiltration, or foliar application. In one embodiment, the compositions of the present disclosure are applied as seed treatments such as seed immersion treatment, seed coating treatment, germination treatment, or rooting / shoot immersion treatment. The type of application is determined according to the target plant, the expected results, the timing of application, and other conventional parameters known to those skilled in the art.

[0085] The compositions of this disclosure may be applied using methods that utilize the latest technologies such as conventional ground sprayers, granule spreaders, drenching, drip irrigation, spraying, atomization, dispersing, dusting, foaming, spreading, aerial spraying, aerial application, drones, robots, pre-dosing devices, backpack sprayers, spray tanks, sprayers, or irrigation systems, as well as other conventional means known to those skilled in the art.

[0086] In further embodiments, the compositions of the present disclosure are combined, formulated, and / or applied with one or more additional pesticide-active substances. According to one embodiment, the pesticide-active substances are selected from fertilizers, mycorrhizae, micronutrients, mite control agents, algae control agents, feeding inhibitors, bird control agents, fungicides, bird repellents, chemical sterilizers, fungicides, herbicide toxicity mitigators, herbicides, insect attractants, insect repellents, insecticides, mammal repellents, mating inhibitors, mollusk control agents, nematode control agents, plant activators, plant growth regulators, rodenticides, synergists, virucidates, derivatives thereof, biological control agents, superabsorbent polymers, and mixtures thereof.

[0087] All headings and subheadings in this specification are for convenience only and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0088] Any examples or use of exemplary language (such as "etc.") provided herein are intended solely to provide a clearer description of the invention and, unless otherwise noted, do not limit the scope of the invention. No wording in the specification should be construed as indicating that any element not claimed is essential for the practice of the invention. [Examples]

[0089] Example 1: Production of a yeast-based plant growth promoter, i.e., cell-free yeast hydrolysate. Using pure cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (MTCC accession number: 25522) maintained by lyophilization, working cultures were prepared from concentrated lyophilized cultures. Primary seed inoculum of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was prepared in a flask using malt extract, peptone, and glucose. Contamination and growth were checked before inoculation to prepare secondary seed inoculum.

[0090] For fermentation, a specific growth medium was prepared using glucose, malt extract, and peptone, and the pH of the medium was maintained at 6.5–7.0. The medium was sterilized for 20 minutes. Before inoculation, the medium was cooled to room temperature and inoculated into flasks / fermenters under sterile conditions using approximately 0.1%–40% of the medium volume of secondary seed inoculant. The medium temperature was maintained at room temperature during the growth phase. After fermentation for 3 days, the temperature of the culture medium was raised to 40–85°C, hydrolytic enzymes were added, and the mixture was stirred for 1–6 hours. After enzymatic hydrolysis, the temperature was raised to 60–120°C to inactivate the enzymes, and hydrochloric acid was added at the same temperature and stirred for 3–10 hours. The extracted broth was cooled to room temperature and stored until precipitated. The supernatant was transferred to another container, 5% potassium hydroxide solution was added to the precipitate, the temperature was raised to 60–120°C, and the mixture was stirred for 3–10 hours. The extracted broth was cooled to room temperature and stored until precipitated. The supernatant from this step was mixed with the supernatants of the enzyme and acid hydrolysis, and filtered through a 0.1-3 mm filter to obtain a clear cell-free yeast hydrolysate.

[0091] Example 2: Preparation of a biofertilizer / biostimulant composition The composition of the present invention was prepared using the cell-free yeast hydrolysate obtained in Example 1.

[0092] Approximately 67% of the cell-free yeast hydrolysate was fortified with inorganic salts such as zinc sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate, manganese chloride, boric acid, calcium chloride, and ferrous sulfate. The mixed mixture was allowed to stand, and the supernatant was separated and mixed with 4% SL fulvic acid. The mixture was filtered. The filtrate was rich in vitamin B6 and ascorbic acid. The final mixture was filtered to remove undissolved substances and obtained the composition of the present disclosure.

[0093] [Table 1]

[0094] Example 3: Production of an amino acid-rich biofertilizer / biostimulant composition The composition of the present invention was prepared using the cell-free yeast hydrolysate obtained in Example 1.

[0095] Approximately 59% of cell-free yeast hydrolysate was fortified with inorganic salts (zinc sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate, manganese chloride, boric acid, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate). The mixed mixture was allowed to stand, and the supernatant was separated and mixed with 4% fulvic acid SL. The mixture was filtered. The filtrate was rich in vitamin B6 and ascorbic acid. The mixture was fortified with an 80% amino acid solution containing all 20 amino acids to obtain a final composition with a total amino acid content in the range of approximately 12-15% w / w of the total weight of the composition. The final mixture was filtered to remove undissolved substances to obtain the composition of the present disclosure.

[0096] [Table 2]

[0097] Example 4: Preparation of a biofertilizer / biostimulant composition The composition of the present invention was prepared using the cell-free yeast hydrolysate obtained in Example 1.

[0098] Approximately 75% of the cell-free yeast hydrolysate was fortified with inorganic salts (zinc sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate, manganese chloride, boric acid, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate). The mixed mixture was allowed to stand, and the supernatant was separated and mixed with 4% fulvic acid SL. The mixture was filtered. The filtrate was rich in vitamin B6 and ascorbic acid. The mixture was fortified with an 80% amino acid solution containing all 20 amino acids to obtain a final composition with a total amino acid content in the range of approximately 12-15% w / w of the total weight of the composition. The final mixture was filtered to remove undissolved substances to obtain the composition of the present disclosure.

[0099] [Table 3]

[0100] Example 5: Preparation of a biofertilizer / biostimulant composition The composition of the present invention was prepared using the cell-free yeast hydrolysate obtained in Example 1.

[0101] Approximately 75% of the cell-free yeast hydrolysate was fortified with inorganic salts (zinc sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate, manganese chloride, boric acid, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate). The mixed mixture was allowed to stand, and the supernatant was separated and mixed with 4% fulvic acid SL. The mixture was filtered. The filtrate was rich in vitamin B6 and ascorbic acid. The mixture was fortified with an 80% amino acid solution containing all 20 amino acids to obtain a final composition with a total amino acid content in the range of approximately 12-15% w / w of the total weight of the composition. The final mixture was filtered to remove undissolved substances to obtain the composition of the present disclosure.

[0102] [Table 4]

[0103] Example 6: Preparation of a biofertilizer / biostimulant composition The composition of the present invention was prepared using the cell-free yeast hydrolysate obtained in Example 1.

[0104] Approximately 75% of cell-free yeast hydrolysate was fortified with inorganic salts (zinc sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate, manganese chloride, boric acid, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate). The mixed mixture was allowed to stand, and the supernatant was separated and mixed with 4% SL fulvic acid. The mixture was filtered. The filtrate was rich in vitamin B6 and ascorbic acid. The final mixture was filtered to remove undissolved substances and obtained the composition of this disclosure.

[0105] [Table 5]

[0106] Example 7: Preparation of a biofertilizer / biostimulant composition The composition of the present invention was prepared using the cell-free yeast hydrolysate obtained in Example 1.

[0107] Approximately 75% of cell-free yeast hydrolysate was fortified with inorganic salts (zinc sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate, manganese chloride, boric acid, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate). The mixed mixture was allowed to stand, and the supernatant was separated and mixed with 4% SL fulvic acid. The mixture was filtered. The filtrate was rich in vitamin B6 and ascorbic acid. The final mixture was filtered to remove undissolved substances and obtained the composition of this disclosure.

[0108] [Table 6]

[0109] Example 8: Preparation of a biofertilizer / biostimulant composition The composition of the present invention was prepared using the cell-free yeast hydrolysate obtained in Example 1.

[0110] Approximately 75% of the cell-free yeast hydrolysate was fortified with other components such as inorganic salts (zinc sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate, manganese chloride, boric acid, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate), fulvic acid, vitamin B6, and ascorbic acid. The cell-free yeast hydrolysate is characterized by having a total amino acid content in the range of approximately 12% w / w to 15% w / w of the total weight of the yeast extract, and a total organic carbon content in the range of 5% w / w to 6% w / w. The final mixture was filtered to remove undissolved substances to obtain the composition of this disclosure.

[0111] [Table 7]

[0112] Example 9: Efficacy of the composition of Example 4 on soybeans The composition of Example 4 was applied to soybeans, and its effect on soybean growth and development was evaluated. Soybeans were planted in a 5m x 5m plot at 45cm x 5cm intervals. The experimental design included three replicates of each treatment. The composition of Example 4 was applied three times at rates of 50ml / ha, 75ml / ha, and 100ml / ha. Each treatment included two applications of the composition; the first application A was performed 10 days after sowing (DAS), and the second application B was performed at 25 DAS. The effectiveness was evaluated by comparing the following parameters with untreated soybean plants.

[0113] a. Plant toxicity (on a scale of 0 to 10): 0 = no plant toxicity, 10 = 100% crop damage (10DAA, 10DAB) b. Plant vitality (0-10 scale): 0 = poor, 10 = excellent (10DAA, 10DAB) c.10DAB and plant height at harvest (10 tagged plants randomly selected for each treatment) d. Number of flowers / pods / plants at (10DAB and harvest) e. Seed yield at harvest (kg / plot) f. Yield Q / ha

[0114] [Table 8]

[0115] [Table 9]

[0116] From the table above, it was found that the 100 ml / ha composition of Example 4 showed excellent crop vitality, followed by increased pods / plant and yield. The 100 ml / ha composition of Example 4 showed a superior yield increase (5.7%) compared to the untreated control.

[0117] Example 10: Efficacy of the composition of Example 7 on soybeans The composition of Example 7 was applied to soybeans, and its effect on soybean growth and development was evaluated. Soybeans were planted in a 5m x 2.5m plot with a row spacing of 60cm. The experimental design included four replicates of each treatment. The composition of Example 7 was applied three times at rates of 50ml / ha, 125ml / ha, and 150ml / ha. Each treatment included two applications of the composition, the first application at 17 days after sowing (DAS), and the second application at 36 DAS. Efficacy was evaluated by assessing parameters such as the number of branches and pods per plant, and compared with untreated soybean plants at the 90 DAS stage.

[0118] [Table 10]

[0119] Example 11: Efficacy of yeast extracts obtained by various processes Six types of yeast extracts were prepared according to Table 11.

[0120] [Table 11]

[0121] Soybean pot trials were conducted three times for each treatment. Yeast extract (extracts 1-6) was applied as a foliar spray at a rate of 500 L / ha and a concentration of 0.5 ml / L 10 days after transplanting the plants into pots (3-4 leaf stage). The second application of the extract was performed 15 days after the first application. Fifteen days after the second application, the size of the plant leaves (leaf area (square centimeters)) was evaluated. The results are as follows.

[0122] [Table 12]

[0123] From the table above, it was found that the extract produced by a combination of enzymatic hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, and alkaline hydrolysis (extract 5) produced wider and larger leaves than the other extracts, resulting in a 1314% increase in leaf size.

[0124] Example 12: Efficacy of yeast extracts obtained by various processes As shown in Table 13, the following treatment compositions were manufactured.

[0125] [Table 13]

[0126] Soybean pot trials were conducted three times for each treatment. Treatments (Treatments 1-7) were applied as a foliar spray at a rate of 500 L / ha and a concentration of 0.5 ml / L 10 days after transplanting the plants into pots (when they had 3-4 leaves). The second application of the extract was performed 15 days after the first application. Fifteen days after the second application, the size of the plant leaves (leaf area (square centimeters)) was evaluated. The results are as follows.

[0127] [Table 14]

[0128] From the table above, it was found that treatment 6 showed the highest effectiveness, with a leaf area increase of more than 1000%.

Claims

1. Agricultural composition, (a) Yeast-based plant growth stimulants, (b) A metabolic cofactor selected from B vitamins, ascorbic acid, or a combination thereof, (c) A chelating agent selected from humic acid, fulvic acid, or a combination thereof, An agricultural composition containing the following:

2. The agricultural composition according to claim 1, further comprising optionally one or more additional plant growth promoters, macronutrients, micronutrients, or combinations thereof.

3. The agricultural composition according to claim 1, wherein the yeast-based plant growth promoter belongs to a yeast selected from the genera Saccharomyces, Kluiveromyces, Hanseniaspora, Metchnikowia, Pichia, Starmerella, Torraspora, Brettanomyces, Lachancea, Schizosaccharomyces, or Candida.

4. The agricultural composition according to claim 3, wherein the yeast-based plant growth promoter belongs to the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

5. The agricultural composition according to claim 1, wherein the yeast-based plant growth promoter is a yeast extract, inactive yeast, yeast cell wall, or yeast cell wall derivative.

6. The agricultural composition according to claim 5, wherein the yeast-based plant growth promoter is a yeast extract selected from cell-free fermentation extract, cell-free spent culture medium, yeast hydrolysate, cell-free yeast hydrolysate, yeast autolyzede, cell-free yeast autolyzede, fermentation extract containing live or dead cells, spent culture medium containing live or dead cells, or an unfiltered extract containing lysed cells and cell residue.

7. The agricultural composition according to claim 5, wherein the yeast-based plant growth promoter is a yeast extract obtained by a combination of processes including enzymatic hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, and alkaline hydrolysis.

8. The agricultural composition according to claim 1, wherein the vitamin B group is selected from thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, folic acid, cyanocobalamin, or derivatives thereof.

9. The agricultural composition according to claim 2, wherein the additional plant growth promoter is one or more amino acids, L-amino acids, or derivatives thereof.

10. The agricultural composition according to claim 2, wherein the macronutrient or micronutrient is added to the composition as an inorganic salt selected from nitrogen or a salt thereof, phosphorus or a salt thereof, potassium or a salt thereof, zinc or a salt thereof, magnesium or a salt thereof, manganese or a salt thereof, boron or a salt thereof, calcium or a salt thereof, iron or a salt thereof, or a combination thereof.

11. The agricultural composition according to claim 1, wherein the yeast-based plant growth promoter is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 1% w / w to about 90% w / w of the total weight of the composition.

12. The agricultural composition according to claim 1, wherein the metabolic cofactor is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 0.01% w / w to about 30% w / w of the total weight of the composition.

13. The agricultural composition according to claim 1, wherein the chelating agent is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 0.1% w / w to about 50% w / w of the total weight of the composition.

14. The agricultural composition according to claim 2, wherein any one or more additional plant growth promoters, macronutrients, or micronutrients are present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 0% w / w to about 50% w / w of the total weight of the composition.

15. The aforementioned yeast-based plant growth promoter is (i) A step of providing yeast inoculum, (ii) The step of treating the yeast with a hydrolytic enzyme, (iii) The step of treating the mixture with acid and then precipitating it, (iv) Separating the supernatant, treating the precipitate with an alkaline solution, and then allowing it to precipitate again, The agricultural composition according to claim 1, wherein the yeast extract is produced by a process comprising the step of mixing the supernatant from step iv) to obtain a yeast extract.

16. A process for producing the composition described in claim 1, (i) A step of providing a yeast-based plant growth stimulant, (ii) The step of optionally adding one or more plant growth promoters, micronutrients and / or macronutrients to the yeast extract and letting the solution stand until it becomes clear, (iii) A step of mixing a chelating agent into the supernatant obtained in step ii), (iv) Adding a metabolic cofactor selected from vitamin B group, ascorbic acid, or a combination thereof to the mixture obtained in step iii) above to obtain the final composition, A process that includes this.

17. A method for reducing stress in a plant and / or a part of a plant and / or increasing its growth and yield, comprising applying the agricultural composition described in claim 1 to the plant and / or a part or location of the plant.

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