Documentation of thin sections of histological blocks

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automated image capture device (10;30;100) for capturing at least one image of a block (18) containing a specimen embedded for histological purposes and an identification code, comprising a holder (102) for the block (18), a camera unit (12) equipped with at least one camera (14, 16), and a control unit (104). The camera unit (12) is configured to repeatedly capture images from the area of ​​the holder (102) and transmit the captured images to the control unit (104). The control unit (104) is configured to receive and analyze each image. Furthermore, the control unit (104) instructs the camera unit (12) to capture at least one image of the specimen embedded in the block (18) when the identification code is recognized. The present invention also relates to a method (200) for automatically capturing (A4, A9, A11, A13) at least one image of a block (18) containing a sample embedded for histological purposes and an identification code, the method (200) comprising the steps of: capturing an image from a region of a holder (102) (A4); analyzing the image captured from the region of the holder (102) (A5); repeating the capturing step and the analysis step until an identification code is recognized (B5a); and capturing at least one image of the sample embedded in the block (18) (A9).

Description

Technical Field

[0005] ,

[0004] ,

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of automated digital imaging, and more specifically to the field of documentation of thin sections of histological blocks by automated digital imaging. More specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for automatically taking at least one image of a block comprising a sample embedded for histological purposes and an identification code, and a computer program product for causing the apparatus to implement the method.

Background Art

[0002] Histology is a method used in science and medicine in various ways for the purpose of microscopic examination of samples. In this method, a sample is embedded in a block made of an embedding material, which is usually a biological tissue sample, but can be a sample made of any material.

[0003] As the embedding material, for example, paraffin or plastic polymer can be used. The embedding material is liquid and is poured around the sample and then hardened. The sample is stabilized by the embedding material, enabling the preparation of sections. The pouring of the block is carried out in a so-called embedding cassette. The block is shaped to the form of the embedding cassette, and the embedding cassette may hold the block even after the block is hardened. Information regarding the sample can be labeled on the embedding cassette, especially information regarding the origin of the sample. Such information can be included in a barcode or identification code, and such barcode or identification code is pasted on the embedding cassette or forms part of the embedding cassette.

[0004] The user uses a microtome to prepare sections, for example, with a thickness of about 0.5 to 10 μm, and places them on a slide glass. After further processing the sections of the sample,it becomes possible to observe the sections of the sample, which may have specific tissue regions stained, under a microscope.

[0005] During or after the sectioning process, parts of the sample may be lost from the section, making them invisible during final microscopic observation. Furthermore, sections may be assigned to the wrong patient or block, for example. As a result, conclusions drawn from the sample in the section may be attributed to the wrong block or patient. Such occurrences represent a fundamental problem in science and medicine, particularly in pathological examination.

[0006] To address these issues, a section of the block can be optically compared to a section on a glass slide to determine if the section is complete. Since it is difficult or impossible to visually confirm even slight defects in the section, such comparisons are often only possible using magnified images of the sample. This comparison can be performed manually, or by creating images of the section.

[0007] Manually comparing intercepts with their corresponding blocks is extremely time-consuming and laborious, for example, because it requires first retrieving the blocks from storage. Furthermore, such a procedure requires the user to be in the workspace to physically access the blocks.

[0008] U.S. Patent No. 11,257,216(B2) discloses an imaging apparatus for blocks and slides that first captures images of the section and slide, and, where applicable, also captures images of the barcode. The images are digitally archived using the barcode and assigned to a patient. The captured images can then be automatically compared. However, the imaging process for the section of a block is time-consuming, especially since a large number of blocks are usually prepared and each block needs to be imaged multiple times. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0009] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art described above by providing a device that can process blocks with high throughput while minimizing the time and effort spent by the user. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] According to the present invention, the objective is an automatic image capture device for capturing at least one image of a block containing a sample embedded for histological purposes and an identification code, A holder for the aforementioned block, A camera unit equipped with at least one camera, Control unit and Equipped with, The camera unit is configured to repeatedly capture images from the area of ​​the holder and transmit the captured images to the control unit. The control unit is configured to receive and analyze each image. When the control unit recognizes the identification code, it instructs the camera unit to take at least one image of the sample embedded in the block. This is achieved by providing an automatic shooting device.

[0011] According to the present invention, the sample may be any type of material as long as it is a material to be examined under a microscope and is in a state where it can be sectioned, or has been processed to make it sectionable. Preferably, the sample is biological tissue.

[0012] In the context of the present invention, a block or histological block means at least a specimen embedded in an embedding material for histological purposes. The embedding material may be paraffin or a plastic polymer. The shape of the block is not limited to a specific shape. The block may be, for example, a cuboid, a cube, a disc, or a sphere, and is preferably a cuboid or a cube. However, the shape of the block may be asymmetrical or irregular.

[0013] The block may further include an embedding cassette on which the embedding material is fixed. The embedding cassette may be a commercially available embedding cassette for histological purposes. The dimensions of such an embedding cassette may be approximately 42 mm × 29 mm × 5 mm. Sections are formed on the surface of the sectioned block. The embedded specimen is visible on the section.

[0014] According to the present invention, the identification code means any kind of optically readable information that enables the identification of a block. This information may be, for example, a sequence of letters or numbers, a barcode, a QR code, a data matrix code, a color code, a color mark, or a similar form. The identification code may be placed anywhere on the block, except in a position where the embedded sample or any part thereof is obscured.

[0015] According to the present invention, a block holder means any structure that can be used as a fixing base or support base for a block. The block holder may clamp or hook the block in a predetermined position, or it may simply function as a position indicator that allows a camera unit to capture an image by placing the block on it.

[0016] According to the present invention, the camera unit comprises at least one camera. In the context of the present invention, the camera is understood to include a scanner. The camera is positioned and its optical system is configured so that it can capture an image of sufficient resolution from the area of ​​the holder. The image has sufficient resolution if the control unit can recognize the identification code contained in the image and if a healthy person can recognize defects in the sample material when comparing the section of the block with the corresponding section on a glass slide. Defects in the sample material from the section may occur, for example, when individual areas fall off or tear during sectioning or handling of the section. The camera unit may be a distributed configuration, i.e., it may include a plurality of parts that are spatially and / or technically separated from each other.

[0017] The control unit is a technical device, preferably a computer, and includes at least temporary storage, for example, so-called random access memory, and may further include persistent storage. Furthermore, the control unit includes a processor (CPU). The control unit may be in a distributed configuration, that is, it may include two or more secondary control units, each having a CPU. The secondary control units may be spatially and / or technically isolated from each other and may perform various functions of the control unit, that is, they may control various components of the automatic imaging device of the present invention.

[0018] In this specification, the term “capture” means optically acquiring or imaging an image, converting the acquired or imaging image into binary code, and storing it temporarily or permanently. Therefore, the term “image” means both an image or photograph visible to the human eye and the binary code containing the image information. Temporary storage means storage in a storage device (so-called random access memory) that is erased periodically and automatically at relatively short intervals. Permanent storage means storage in a storage device that is not erased periodically and automatically.

[0019] According to the present invention, the term "automatic shooting" means that the user of the automatic shooting device of the present invention does not perform any processes or operations related to shooting other than placing a block in the holder and removing the block from the holder.

[0020] In this specification, the term "analyze" means the application of an algorithm by a control unit, which is capable of recognizing an identification code in the binary code of a captured image.

[0021] According to the present invention, an image is taken from the area of the holder by the camera unit, and this image is transmitted to the control unit. Next, this image is analyzed by the control unit. If the identification code is not recognized even after analyzing the image, the camera unit automatically takes an image again from the area of the holder, the taken image is transmitted to the control unit, and the control unit analyzes the image. This series of operations is continuously repeated until at least the identification code is recognized. In this case, whether a block is installed in the holder is not important. The control unit can recognize the identification code by image analysis as soon as the block is installed in the holder. Only when the identification code is recognized, the control unit instructs the camera unit to take an image of the sample embedded in the block.

[0022] The image taken from the area of the holder includes at least the area of the holder where the identification code is placed, and the entire identification code is taken when the automatic photographing device of the present invention is properly used. However, the image taken from the area of the holder may further include other areas where the identification code or a part thereof, or the embedded sample or a part thereof is not placed, or areas where the embedded sample or a part thereof is placed when the automatic photographing device of the present invention is properly used.

[0023] Also, the image of the embedded sample includes at least the area of the holder where the embedded sample is placed, and the entire embedded sample is taken when the automatic photographing device of the present invention is properly used. However, the image of the embedded sample may further include other areas where the identification code or a part thereof, or the embedded sample or a part thereof is not normally placed, or areas where the identification code or a part thereof is placed when the automatic photographing device of the present invention is properly used.

[0024] The above object of the present invention can be completely achieved.

[0025] The automatic imaging device of the present invention has the advantage of simplifying the workflow by reducing the operation steps in the documentation of thin sections of histological blocks. When preparing sections using a microtome, the user only needs to place the block in the holder. All subsequent steps are automatically performed by the automatic imaging device of the present invention. In this way, the user can focus on preparing high-quality sections.

[0026] Furthermore, since the captured images are saved, there is an advantage that the images can be accessed at any time thereafter, and if applicable, from any location. As a result, by simplifying the workflow, the time spent by the user on documenting the blocks and subsequently evaluating the sections can be reduced, and the flexibility of the workplace is enhanced.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the camera unit includes at least a first camera and a second camera. The first camera is configured to capture an image of an identification code, and the second camera is configured to capture an image of a sample embedded in the block.

[0028] Since there are at least two cameras, when the automatic imaging device of the present invention is properly used, the resolution of the image captured from the area of the holder can be adjusted so that at least the area of the holder where the identification code is placed is captured and the entire identification code is captured, and in any case, the resolution of the image of the embedded sample can be adjusted so that only the minimum necessary amount of data is generated.

[0029] Images of embedded specimens typically require high resolution so that the specimen, its contours, and, where applicable, its internal structure can be clearly seen even under magnification. Therefore, it is preferable that the second camera be able to capture images of the embedded specimen at a higher resolution than the first camera. Furthermore, by keeping the resolution of the images captured by the first camera low, the amount of data transmitted to and analyzed by the control unit can be minimized, thereby improving the operating speed.

[0030] In one preferred embodiment, the first and second cameras are positioned at an angle of approximately 180° to each other, i.e., facing each other, so that images of two substantially opposite faces of the block are captured. This has the advantage of allowing the use of commercially available embedding cassettes, which typically have an identification code printed on the face opposite the section (i.e., the back).

[0031] The term "two substantially opposite faces of a block" means that two faces of a block have surfaces that are substantially parallel to each other. Therefore, these two surfaces do not necessarily have to be perfectly parallel. For example, these two surfaces may be opposite faces of a cuboid structure or a cuboid-like structure. However, these two surfaces may also be adjacent faces of a cuboid-like structure, in which case these two surfaces do not intersect at 90° with respect to each other, but rather at an angle smaller than 90°.

[0032] In another preferred embodiment, the control unit is configured to instruct the camera unit to take at least one image of the sample embedded in the block only if the recognized identification code is not the same as the identification code recognized immediately before.

[0033] The term "immediately recognized identification code" refers to the identification code recognized by the control unit during the analysis of an image taken from a region of the holder analyzed by the camera unit, immediately before the control unit recognizes that identification code via image analysis.

[0034] The above configuration has the advantage of allowing control over the image acquisition of embedded samples, as only one image of the embedded sample is captured when a new block is placed in the holder. In this way, unnecessary repeated image acquisition of the embedded sample is avoided, which reduces the amount of data transmitted from the camera unit to the control unit, and as a result, the storage requirements of the control unit can be reduced and the operating speed can be improved.

[0035] In a more preferred embodiment, the control unit is further configured to discard the at least one image of the sample embedded in the block if the identification code recognized after taking at least one image of the sample embedded in the block is not the same as the identification code recognized before taking at least one image, or if no identification code is recognized after taking at least one image of the sample embedded in the block, or if artifacts or contamination are recognized in the image after taking at least one image of the sample embedded in the block.

[0036] After the identification code is recognized, the block may be removed or replaced before an image of the embedded sample is taken. In such cases, an image of the embedded sample may not be taken, or an image of a sample that does not exist may be taken, or an incorrect sample that does not correspond to the recognized identification code may be taken. Also, contamination or other artifacts on the image may cover part of the sample. Discarding images of such embedded samples is advantageous from a quality control standpoint. This prevents potentially defective images from being permanently stored. Furthermore, this has the advantage of reducing the storage requirements of the control unit.

[0037] The term "artifact" refers to an object visible in a captured image that is undesirable to be obscured, for example, by covering part of a sample or part of an identification code. Artifacts may include, for example, dust contamination, particles detached from the embedding material, or human fingers.

[0038] In a more preferred embodiment, the automatic imaging device of the present invention is configured to output an acoustic or visual signal when an identification code recognized after capturing at least one image of a sample embedded in a block is the same as an identification code recognized before capturing the at least one image.

[0039] It would be advantageous to be able to notify the user via an acoustic or visual signal when an image of the embedded sample has been successfully captured and it is possible to replace that block with another block.

[0040] In a more preferred embodiment, the automatic photographing device of the present invention further comprises a lighting unit configured to illuminate the area of ​​the holder.

[0041] Lighting has the advantage of improving image quality. The lighting unit may include diffuse and / or directional light sources.

[0042] In a further preferred embodiment, the lighting unit includes a fully diffuse light source.

[0043] Paraffin, as an embedding material, is both light-transmitting and light-reflective. Excessively strong lighting from one direction can cause the embedding material to become semi-transparent and / or reflect light, but this can be avoided by designing the light source as a diffuse light source. Furthermore, the lighting unit according to this embodiment is also suitable for other embedding materials such as plastic polymers.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the illumination unit comprises a first light source provided for illuminating an identification code or a specimen embedded with the identification code, and a second light source provided for illuminating the embedded specimen.

[0045] By illuminating the embedded sample separately with a second light source, it is possible to optimize the image quality of the embedded sample image by comparing it with the image taken from the holder area.

[0046] The light source may be a bar light. In the context of the present invention, "bar light" means a light source whose light-emitting surface is rod-shaped, or rectangular.

[0047] The light source may be a ring light. In the context of this invention, "ring light" means an annular light source that can be positioned around the lens of a camera.

[0048] The light source may be a light-emitting diode (LED).

[0049] In a more preferred embodiment, in the automatic shooting device of the present invention, the shortest distance between two points on the outline of the outer shape of at least the portion including the holder and the camera unit is less than 40 cm, preferably less than 35 cm, and more preferably less than 28 cm.

[0050] According to the present invention, the automatic camera device is configured to be as compact as possible. This has the advantage of being able to be installed in a space-saving manner in the user's workspace. In the automatic camera device of the present invention, it has been confirmed that it is sufficiently compact if the maximum dimensions of the part including at least the holder and camera unit are 40 cm or less.

[0051] The control unit and / or lighting unit may be installed outside the above-mentioned compact part of the automatic photographing device of the present invention, but it is not necessarily required that they be installed outside the above-mentioned compact part.

[0052] In a more preferred embodiment, the automatic shooting device of the present invention includes a mirror system that reflects the area of ​​the holder, and a camera unit is directed towards the mirror system.

[0053] The mirror system includes at least one mirror.

[0054] The mirror system has the advantage of reducing the number of cameras and / or allowing adjustment of the camera's position relative to the block. These advantages enable a compact design for the automated imaging device of the present invention.

[0055] According to the present invention, the objective is to provide a method for automatically capturing at least one image of a block containing a sample embedded for histological purposes and an identification code, The process of capturing an image from the holder area, The process of analyzing the image taken from the area of ​​the holder, The process involves repeating the imaging step and the analysis step until at least an identification code is recognized. The process involves taking at least one image of the sample embedded in the block. This is further achieved by providing a method that includes in this order.

[0056] According to the present invention, the image acquisition and analysis processes from the holder region are performed in a loop, specifically in an analysis loop. When an identification code is recognized in the image acquired from the holder region, an acquisition loop is initiated, and in this acquisition loop, an image of the sample embedded in the block is acquired. After the start of the acquisition loop, the analysis loop can be continuously and automatically repeated until at least an identification code is recognized.

[0057] The term "loop" means to repeatedly execute a predetermined sequence of steps in the method of the present invention in a continuous manner.

[0058] According to the present invention, each loop can be interrupted by a stop command that can be manually issued by the user, or by a stop command that is initiated by the control unit after a predetermined period of time has elapsed.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the method of the present invention is performed by an automated imaging device of the present invention. In this case, the entire method of the present invention may be performed as a loop, or as a so-called method loop. After capturing images of the embedded sample, one or more image processing or archiving steps may be performed, or one or more additional images may be captured. Processing steps may include, for example, image processing or image recognition steps to detect artifacts on the captured images. As soon as all desired steps have been performed, the method of the present invention is performed again to start the analysis loop.

[0060] In a more preferred embodiment, the step of taking at least one image of the sample embedded in the block is performed only if an identification code that is not identical to the identification code recognized immediately beforehand is recognized.

[0061] In this embodiment, the analysis loop is extended by new controls. The transition to the acquisition loop occurs only when a new identification code is recognized, i.e., an identification code different from the identification code recognized immediately before.

[0062] The term "immediately recognized identification code" refers to the identification code recognized by the control unit in the immediately preceding analysis loop.

[0063] The above configuration has the advantage that only one image of the embedded sample is captured when a new block is placed in the holder. In this way, it is possible to avoid unnecessarily capturing multiple images of the same embedded sample, thereby reducing the amount of data transmitted from the camera unit to the control unit. As a result, the storage requirements of the control unit can be reduced, and the operating speed can be improved.

[0064] In a more preferred embodiment, the method of the present invention includes the step of taking at least one image of the sample embedded in the block, The process of capturing an image from the holder area, The process of analyzing the image taken from the area of ​​the holder, If the same identification code is not recognized again, or if an artifact is recognized, the step of discarding at least one image of the sample embedded in the block. Includes.

[0065] In this embodiment, the acquisition loop is extended by quality control. Images of at least one captured block are retained only if, in a new image capture and analysis process of an image captured from the holder area immediately after the capture of that at least one block is completed, the same recognition code as the recognition code recognized in the immediately preceding analysis loop is recognized.

[0066] On the other hand, if the identification code recognized in a newly captured image from the holder area after the image of the embedded sample has been taken is not the same as the identification code recognized in the previous analysis loop, then the image of that embedded sample may not represent the embedded sample corresponding to that identification code, and may represent an incorrect sample in terms of the identification code. Discarding such images of embedded samples has the advantage of enabling quality control.

[0067] Discarded images can be reconstructed. For example, a user of the automatic imaging device of the present invention can manually check the images saved by the control unit before the operation is completed and find any lost images, if applicable. Then, those images can be selectively reconstructed.

[0068] Instead of manually checking for lost images, the system has the advantage of eliminating the need for users to actively search for lost images. By storing the image of the embedded sample associated with the newly recognized identification code in a separate location, and allowing users to re-photograph that block at a later date, the discarded identification code can be saved.

[0069] According to the present invention, the above object is further achieved by a computer program product which includes program code means and, when executed on a computer, particularly on a control unit, causes the control unit to execute the method of the present invention for capturing at least one image of a block containing a specimen embedded for histological purposes and an identification code.

[0070] Further advantages and features will become apparent from the following description and accompanying drawings. The features described above and those described below are not limited to the combinations described herein, but can be used in other combinations without departing from the scope of the present invention. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0071] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0072] [Figure 1] This diagram illustrates the principle of an automated imaging device that captures at least one image of a block containing a specimen embedded for histological purposes and an identification code.

[0073] [Figure 2] This diagram illustrates the principle of an automated imaging device that captures at least one image of a block containing a specimen embedded for histological purposes and an identification code, and the device is equipped with a mirror system.

[0074] [Figure 3]This diagram shows an exploded view of an automated image acquisition system for at least one image of a block containing a specimen embedded for histological purposes and an identification code.

[0075] [Figure 4] This diagram shows a flowchart for an automated method of capturing at least one image of a block containing a specimen embedded for histological purposes and an identification code. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0076] Figure 1 illustrates the principle of an automated imaging device 10 for taking at least one image of a block containing a specimen embedded for histological purposes and an identification code. The automated imaging device 10 comprises a holder (not shown) for the block 18, a camera unit 12, and a control unit (not shown).

[0077] Block 18 contains a sample (not shown) embedded in an embedding material 20. This sample can be of any type as long as it is a sample to be examined under a microscope and is in a state where it can be sectioned, or has been processed to make it sectionable. The sample is preferably biological tissue. The embedded sample is visible on the section surface 24 of block 18. The embedding material 20 may be paraffin or a plastic polymer, and is preferably paraffin.

[0078] Furthermore, the block 18 includes an embedding cassette 22 that forms the back surface 26 of the block 18. However, the embedding cassette 22 is not required to be used.

[0079] An identification code (not shown) is affixed to block 18, making block 18 identifiable. The identification code may be any type of information as long as it is optically readable. This information may be, for example, a sequence of letters or numbers, a barcode, a QR code, a color code, or a similar format. The identification code may be placed anywhere on the block, except in a position where the embedded sample or part of it is obscured. Preferably, the identification code is placed on the back surface 26 of block 18.

[0080] The block 18 may have any regular, symmetrical, asymmetrical, or irregular shape. For example, the block 18 may be a rectangular prism, a cube, a disc, or a sphere, with a rectangular prism or cube being preferred. The shape of the block 18, in particular the shape of the back surface 26 of the block 18, may be defined by the embedding cassette 22 that may be used. The back surface 26 of the block 18 may be flat or uneven.

[0081] The spatial dimensions a × b × c of block 18 are, for example, 42 mm × 29 mm × 5 mm, and the thickness c of the block decreases as sections are prepared, with a minimum thickness of 5 mm.

[0082] The camera unit 12 of the automatic imaging device 10 is configured to repeatedly or continuously capture images from an area of ​​a holder (not shown) in which the block 18 is placed when the automatic imaging device 10 is used appropriately. The camera unit 12 comprises a first camera 14 and a second camera 16, the first camera 14 being configured to capture an image of the identification code, and the second camera 16 being configured to capture an image of the specimen embedded in the block 18. To achieve this, the first camera 14, more precisely its lens or entrance window, is directed toward the identification code (i.e., the back surface 26 of the block 18), and the second camera 16, more precisely its lens or entrance window, is directed toward the embedded specimen (i.e., the section surface 24 of the block 18).

[0083] In the automatic shooting device 10, cameras 14 and 16, or more precisely their lenses or incident windows, are positioned at an angle of approximately 180° to each other and face each other.

[0084] On the other hand, in another preferred embodiment, cameras 14 and 16 may be positioned at any angle that allows camera 14 to capture an image of the identification code with sufficient resolution, and camera 16 to capture an image of the embedded sample with sufficient resolution.

[0085] Figure 2 illustrates the principle of an imaging device 30 for capturing at least one image of block 18 containing a specimen embedded for histological purposes and an identification code. Unlike imaging device 10, this imaging device 30 includes a mirror system 34.

[0086] The mirror system 34 comprises at least one mirror. The mirror system 34 of the imaging device 30 comprises three mirrors, mirror 36, mirror 38, and mirror 40, which reflect the back surface 26 of the block 18 onto the lens or incident window of the first camera 14. The back surface 26 of the block 18 has an inclined surface 32 that is inclined relative to the rest of the back surface 26 of the block 18. This inclined surface is formed by a side of the block 18 which is substantially a rectangular parallelepiped, and this side is positioned at an angle greater than 90° with respect to the back surface 26 of the block 18 and less than 90° with respect to the thin section surface 24 of the block 18. In this specification, a side meeting these conditions is referred to as the "inclined surface 32 of the back surface 26 of the block 18".

[0087] The inclined surface 32 on the back surface 26 of block 18 is reflected by mirror 38, and the rest of the back surface 26 of block 18 is reflected by mirror 36 toward mirror 40, toward which the first camera 14, or more precisely its lens or incident window, is directed.

[0088] The first camera 14 and the second camera 16 are positioned adjacent to each other so as to be aligned in parallel. The second camera 16 is directed towards the thin section surface 24 of the block 18, and the first camera 14 is directed towards the mirror system 34, more precisely towards the mirror 40.

[0089] In another preferred embodiment, the camera unit 12 of the imaging device 30 may comprise a single camera directed at the thin section surface 24 of the block 18 and the mirror system 34.

[0090] Figure 3 shows an image capture device 100 for capturing at least one image of block 18, which includes a specimen embedded for histological purposes and an identification code.

[0091] The imaging device 100 comprises a holder 102, a camera unit 12, and a control unit 104, and the camera unit 12 comprises a first camera 14 and a second camera 16.

[0092] The basic structure of the imaging device 100 is the same as that of the imaging device 10 in Figure 1.

[0093] The imaging device 100 further comprises a housing 106. The housing 106 is a substantially L-shaped hollow structure and comprises a lumen 108, a lower horizontal leg 110, and an upper vertical leg 112. The lower horizontal leg 110 of the L-shaped housing 106 has a substantially flat bottom surface that serves as a mounting surface, and the first camera 14 is housed in its lumen 108. The lower horizontal leg 110 of the L-shaped housing 106 has a mounting opening 114 at its outer end, which extends to the central region of the upper surface of the lower horizontal leg 110 of the L-shaped housing 106 and is partially closed by a closing piece 116. The closing piece 116 is attached to the housing 106 by means of, for example, a plug-in mechanism. When the closing piece 116 is inserted into the mount opening 114, a portion of the mount opening 114 remains open in the central region of the upper surface of the lower horizontal leg 110 of the L-shaped housing 106, exposing the connecting shaft between the first camera 14 and the second camera 16. The holder 102 is formed by the edges 102a, 102b, and 102c of the portion of the mount opening 114 that remains open after the closing piece 116 is inserted.

[0094] When the imaging device 100 is used appropriately, the block 18 is placed in the holder 102, and the holder 102 functions as a support base for the block 18. The rectangular area of ​​the mounting opening 114 is designed to be at least large enough to allow the entire embedded sample to be photographed by the first camera, and at most large enough to support and rest the block 18 from below simultaneously at at least two opposing edges of the mounting opening 114 after the closure piece 116 has been inserted.

[0095] In another embodiment, the holder 102 is designed to be circular, and the circular mounting opening 114 is closed with a transparent material (not shown). In this case, the edges 102a, 102b, and 102c of the holder 102 are flush, forming a rotationally symmetrical shape, which is preferably circular or substantially circular. Recesses may be formed between the edges 102a, 102b, and 102c of the holder 102, and the bottom of these recesses is formed of a transparent material. Alternatively, a plane facing the block 18 may be formed by the transparent material and the L-shaped housing 106. The transparent material may be, for example, glass or transparent plastic.

[0096] In this embodiment, the user does not need to consider the orientation in the horizontal plane, which has the advantage of making it easier to install the block 18 into the holder 102.

[0097] In another preferred embodiment, the holder 102 may also function as a fixing base that clamps or hooks the block 18 in place so that the camera unit can capture an image of the block 18.

[0098] The camera unit 12 of the imaging device 100 includes a first camera 14 and a second camera 16.

[0099] The first camera 14 of the imaging device 100 is, for example, a 5.04-megapixel camera, and includes a lens (not shown), a resolution of 2592px × 1944px, a minimum focusing distance of 300mm, an aperture of F / 2.8 (not shown), a light sensor (not shown), an 80° field of view, and a size of 60mm × 9mm × 13.6mm. The minimum focusing distance of the first camera 14 can be arbitrarily adjusted or adapted by changing the distance between the lens and the light sensor. The working distance, i.e., the distance between the back surface 26 of block 18 and the lens (not shown) of the first camera 14, is 27.1mm. Such features of the first camera 14 have been found to be suitable for resolving identification codes composed of elements of approximately 0.34mm in size.

[0100] In another preferred embodiment, the first camera 14 may include one or more spacer rings for adjusting or adapting the minimum focusing distance. Furthermore, the camera specifications may be adapted to the type of block 18 and the type of identification code to obtain sufficient resolution.

[0101] In the imaging device 100, the first camera 14 is connected to the control unit 104 via a data interface 118 by cables 118a and 118b, and is protected from dust by a first camera cover 120. The data interface 118 and cables 118a and 118b enable communication and data exchange between the control unit 104 and the first camera 14, and ensure power supply to the first camera 14. The first camera 14 and the first camera cover 120 are attached to the inner cavity 108 and bottom of the housing 106 by fastening means such as screws 122 and nuts 124. The first camera cover 120 has an opening 126 that surrounds the first camera 14, but the connecting shaft between the first camera 14 and the second camera 16 is held through the opening 126 without being obstructed.

[0102] The second camera 16 of the imaging device 100 is, for example, a 12-megapixel camera equipped with a lens 128 with a focal length of 8 mm and a 1 / 1.7-inch sensor 132 with a resolution of 4000px × 3036px and a pixel size of 1.85 μm × 1.85 μm. The 1 / 1.7-inch sensor 132 is an optical sensor. Furthermore, the second camera 16 is equipped with two spacer rings 130 with a total thickness of 1 mm. The minimum shooting distance between the lens 128 and the thin section surface 24 of the block 18 is approximately 33.4 mm. A working distance of 35.4 mm, i.e., the distance between the thin section surface 24 of the block 18 and the lens 128 of the second camera 16, has the advantage of allowing the block 18 to be placed in the holder 102 without being obstructed by other components, providing sufficient space to ensure access to the block 18 placed in the holder 102, and allowing the spatial dimensions of the imaging device 100 to be made as small or compact as possible. Furthermore, the minimum and maximum focusing distances inherent to the camera must also be taken into consideration. In addition, the second camera 16 is equipped with an aperture (not shown), which is preferably an F / 8, F / 12, or F / 16 aperture. All of these preferred apertures have been found to be suitable for ensuring sufficient depth of field for blocks with a thickness c of approximately 7.87 mm to approximately 14.81 mm.

[0103] In another preferred embodiment, the camera specifications may be adapted to the type of block 18 and the type of identification code so that sufficient resolution can be obtained.

[0104] In the imaging device 100, the second camera 16 is connected to the control unit 104 via a data interface 134 by cables 134a and 134b, and is protected by a second camera cover 136. The data interface 134 and cables 134a and 134b enable communication and data exchange between the control unit 104 and the second camera 16, and ensure power supply to the second camera 16. The second camera 16 is fixed to the housing 106 by fastening means such as screws 138. The second camera cover 136 has a hollow structure and has an opening 140 on its bottom surface facing the holder 102, and is fixed to the housing 106 by fastening means such as screws 142, surrounding the second camera 16. The connecting shaft between the first camera 14 and the second camera 16 is held through the opening 140 without obstruction.

[0105] In another preferred embodiment, the camera unit 12 may comprise a single camera.

[0106] In another preferred embodiment, a permeable material (not shown) may be placed between the camera unit 12 or a part thereof and the holder 102, more specifically between the lens 128 of the camera unit 12 and the holder 102, or between the first camera 14 and the holder 102 and / or between the second camera 16 and the holder 102, more specifically between the lens of the first camera 14 and the holder 102 and / or between the lens 128 of the second camera 16 and the holder 102. The permeable material is installed to prevent or reduce contamination of the lens 128 or each lens, and is configured to such dimensions. The permeable material may constitute a part of the holder 102. Contamination may occur, for example, from debris, dust, or similar substances detached from the embedding material. The permeable material may be, for example, glass or transparent plastic.

[0107] Furthermore, the imaging device 100 includes a lighting unit 144 configured to illuminate the area of ​​the holder 102. The lighting unit 144 includes a bar light 146 and a ring light 148. The ring light 148 is connected to the control unit 104 via a plug 150 by cables 150a and 150b. The bar light 146 is also connected to the control unit 104 via a plug 152 by cables 152a and 152b. Power is supplied to the lighting unit 144 via cables 150a, 150b and 152a, 152b, and plugs 150 and 152.

[0108] In another embodiment, the lighting unit 144 may include an LED (not shown) configured to illuminate an identification code.

[0109] The L-shaped housing 106 has a rod-shaped or rectangular bar light opening 154 on the front of its upper vertical leg 112, so that the entire length of the hollow upper vertical leg 112 of the L-shaped housing, i.e., from its bottom to its top end, is filled with light from the bar light 146. With this configuration, both the section surface 24 of the block 18 facing the second camera 16 and the back surface 26 of the block 18 facing the first camera 14 and the cavity 108 of the lower horizontal leg 110 of the L-shaped housing 106 can be illuminated by the bar light 146.

[0110] A ring light 148 is fixed to the tip of the upper vertical leg 112 of the L-shaped housing 106. Screws (not shown) may be used as a means of fixing. In this way, the sample embedded in the block 18 is illuminated by illuminating the section surface 24 of the block 18 with the ring light 148.

[0111] In another preferred embodiment, the bar light 146 and the ring light 148 may be connected to the control unit 104 by a single branch cable. The entire lighting unit 144 may be connected to an external power source instead of the control unit 104, in which case the lighting unit 144 may be powered on manually in the imaging device 100, preferably by operating a button or switch.

[0112] In the imaging device 100, the spatial dimensions of the portion excluding the control unit 104 and the cables 118a, 118b, 134a, 134b, 150a, 150b, 152a, and 152b are 12.5 cm × 11.4 cm × 21.6 cm. Therefore, in the imaging device 100, the shortest distance between two points on the outline of the portion including at least the holder 102 and the camera unit 12 is less than 28 cm.

[0113] In another preferred embodiment, in the imaging device 100, the shortest distance between two points on the outline of the outer shape of at least the holder 102 and the camera unit 12 may be less than 40 cm, preferably less than 35 cm, and more preferably less than 28 cm.

[0114] In a more preferred embodiment, the overall spatial dimensions of the imaging device 100, or the spatial dimensions of the imaging device 100 excluding the control unit 104, cables 118a, 118b, 134a, 134b, 150a, 150b, 152a, 152b, and lighting unit 144, may be less than 40 cm as described above, preferably less than 35 cm, and more preferably less than 28 cm.

[0115] The control unit 104 of the imaging device 100 is a computer.

[0116] In another preferred embodiment, the control unit 104 may be any type of technical device that includes at least one processor (CPU) and temporary storage, such as so-called random access memory, and may further include persistent storage. The control unit may be in a distributed configuration.

[0117] In another preferred embodiment, the control unit 104 comprises two secondary control units, each having its own CPU. The first secondary control unit (not shown) is, for example, a computer, and the second secondary control unit (not shown) is installed within the scanner (not shown). The first camera 14, which is part of the camera unit 12, is also installed within the scanner. Thus, the term “scanner” refers to the components belonging to the camera unit and other components belonging to the control unit. Only the secondary control units installed within the scanner provide instructions to the first camera 14.

[0118] In another preferred embodiment, the control unit 104 may comprise three or more secondary control units.

[0119] As shown in Figure 4, the imaging device 100 performs a method 200 to automatically capture at least one image of block 18 containing the histologically embedded specimen and identification code. Unless otherwise stated, the control unit 104 gives all instructions (indicated by reference numbers preceded by "A") and verifies all conditions (indicated by reference numbers preceded by "B") according to instructions from program code means executed on the control unit 104. The program code means may be included in a computer program product.

[0120] The lighting unit 144 of the imaging device 100 is switched on when the execution of the program code means begins, and is switched off immediately when the instruction (A22) to end the execution of the program code means is received.

[0121] The program code means can be started by the user. When the execution of the program code means is started, the control unit 104 attempts to connect to the camera unit 12 in the imaging device 100, more specifically to the second camera 16 (A1). If this connection fails (B1b), an instruction is given to terminate the execution of the program code means (A22). If the connection between the second camera 16 and the control unit 104 is successful (B1a), an instruction is given to set parameters such as exposure time for the second camera 16 (A2). Before the instruction to set parameters such as exposure time for the second camera 16 is given (A2), the user may manually set the parameters. Once the parameters are set (B2a), the control unit 104 attempts to connect to the first camera 14 (A3). If this connection fails (B3b), an instruction is given to terminate the execution of the program code means (A22).

[0122] If the control unit 104 successfully connects to the first camera 14 (B3a), the analysis loop is started by instructing the first camera 14 to capture an image from the area of ​​the holder 102 and transmit the captured image to the control unit 104 (A4). Once the image is captured and transmitted to the control unit 104 (B4a), the image is analyzed by the control unit 104 (A5).

[0123] In another preferred embodiment, if the camera unit 12 has only one camera, the instruction to connect the control unit 104 to the first camera 14 (A3) and the condition that the first camera 14 must be connected to the control unit 104 (B3a) are omitted. If the parameters of the camera unit 12 are successfully set (B2a), the analysis loop is started directly (A4).

[0124] In the automatic imaging method 200 performed by the imaging device 100, if the identification code is not recognized (B5b), it is checked whether a stop command has been given (A19). Next, if no stop command has been given (B19b), the analysis loop is restarted, or the execution of the program code means is terminated.

[0125] If an identification code is recognized by the control unit 104 during the analysis (A5) (B5a), it is checked whether that identification code is the same as the identification code recognized in the previous analysis loop (A6). If the same identification code as in the previous analysis loop is recognized (B6b), it is checked whether a stop command has been given (A19). Next, if no stop command has been given (B19b), the analysis loop is restarted, or the execution of the program code means is terminated.

[0126] In another preferred embodiment, the instruction (A6) to check whether the identification code is the same as the identification code recognized in the previous analysis loop and the condition (B6a) that a different identification code was recognized in the previous analysis loop may be omitted in order to start the acquisition loop (A7). The check to see if a different identification code was recognized in the previous analysis loop functions as a mechanism to prevent the same image from being unnecessarily saved repeatedly from the area of ​​holder 102.

[0127] In the automated imaging method 200 performed by the imaging device 100, if an identification code different from the identification code recognized in the previous analysis loop is recognized (B6a), the analysis loop transitions to the acquisition loop. In the acquisition loop, at least one image of the embedded sample is captured by the camera unit 12, specifically the second camera 16 of the imaging device 100, and saved to a permanent storage location, i.e., a so-called folder, assigned to each recognized identification code of each block 18. In order to save to the permanent storage location, the existence of a folder assigned to the identification code is checked (A7). If the corresponding folder does not exist (B7a), an instruction to create a folder is given (A8).

[0128] If the relevant folder exists or a new folder is created (B8a), the camera unit 12, specifically the second camera 16 of the imaging device 100, is instructed to take an image of the embedded sample (A9). Once an image of the embedded sample is taken (B9a), the camera unit 12, specifically the first camera 14 of the imaging device 100, is instructed to take an image from the area of ​​the holder 102 (A11). Once an image is taken from the area of ​​the holder 102 (B11a), the camera unit 12 is instructed to take an image from the area of ​​the holder 102, and of the embedded sample (A12).

[0129] Once the images of the embedded sample and the images taken from the area of ​​holder 102 are saved in a folder (B12a), quality control is initiated by instructing the camera unit 12, specifically the first camera 14 of the imaging device 100, to take an image from the area of ​​holder 102 and to transmit the captured image to the control unit 104 (A13). Once the image is taken from the area of ​​holder 102 and transmitted to the control unit 104 (B13a), this image is analyzed by the control unit 104 (A14).

[0130] When an identification code is recognized (B14a), it is checked whether that identification code is the same as the identification code recognized in the analysis loop (A15). If the identification code is the same as the identification code recognized in the analysis loop (B15a), it is checked whether a stop command has been given (A19). Next, if no stop command has been given (B19b), the analysis loop is restarted, or the execution of the program code means is terminated.

[0131] If no identification code is recognized (B14b), or if an identification code different from the one recognized in the analysis loop is recognized (B15b), or if an artifact is recognized (not shown), instructions are given to discard the images taken from the holder area and the images of the embedded sample (A16). If these images are discarded (B16a), it is checked whether the corresponding folder is empty (A17). If the corresponding folder is empty (B17a), instructions are given to discard that folder (A18). If the folder is not empty (B17b) or the folder is discarded (B18a), it is checked whether a stop command has been given (A19). Next, if no stop command has been given (B19b), the analysis loop is restarted, or the execution of the program code means is terminated.

[0132] In another preferred embodiment, after quality control has been performed, i.e., if the same identification code as the one recognized in the analysis loop is recognized (B15a), the user may be notified by a signal indicating that the documentation of the corresponding block 18 was successful, i.e., a signal indicating that the already permanently stored image of block 18 was not discarded. This signal may be, for example, an acoustic signal or a visual signal.

[0133] In a more preferred embodiment, quality control may be omitted by providing an instruction (A19) to check whether a stop command has been given when an image of the embedded sample has been saved to a folder (B12a). Next, if no stop command has been given (B19b), the analysis loop is restarted or the execution of the program code means is terminated.

[0134] In these embodiments, when images of the embedded sample and images taken from the area of ​​the holder 102 are saved to the folder (B12a), the user can be notified by a signal indicating that the documentation of the corresponding block 18 was successful, i.e., a signal indicating that the already saved images of block 18 were not discarded. This signal may be, for example, an acoustic signal or a visual signal.

[0135] In the automatic imaging method 200 performed by the imaging device 100, a stop command can be manually issued by the user at any point during the execution of the program code means. When a stop command is issued (B19a), the control unit 104 is instructed to disconnect from the second camera 16 (A20). When the connection to the second camera 16 is disconnected (B20a), the control unit 104 is instructed to terminate the execution of the program code means (A22). If no stop command is issued (B19b), the analysis loop is restarted by instructing the camera unit 12, specifically the first camera 14 of the imaging device 100, to capture an image from the area of ​​the holder 102 (A4).

[0136] In another preferred embodiment, the control unit 104 may automatically issue a stop command if a predetermined operating time has elapsed without the identification code being recognized.

Claims

1. An automated image capture device (10;30;100) for capturing at least one image of a block (18) containing a specimen embedded for histological purposes and an identification code, A holder (102) for the aforementioned block (18), A camera unit (12) equipped with at least one camera (14, 16), Control unit (104) and Equipped with, The camera unit (12) is configured to repeatedly capture images from the area of ​​the holder (102) and transmit the captured images to the control unit (104). The control unit (104) is configured to receive and analyze each image. When the control unit (104) recognizes the identification code, it instructs the camera unit (12) to take at least one image of the sample embedded in the block (18). Automatic camera (10; 30; 100).

2. The automatic imaging device (10;30;100) according to claim 1, wherein the camera unit (12) comprises at least a first camera (14) and a second camera (16), the first camera (14) being configured to capture an image of the identification code, and the second camera (16) being configured to capture an image of the sample embedded in the block (18).

3. The automatic imaging device (10;30;100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (104) is configured to instruct the camera unit (12) to take at least one image of the sample embedded in the block (18) only if the recognized identification code is not the same as the identification code recognized immediately before.

4. Automatic imaging apparatus (10;30;100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (104) is further configured to discard the at least one image of the sample embedded in the block (18) if the identification code recognized after taking the at least one image of the sample embedded in the block (18) is not the same as the identification code recognized before taking the at least one image, or if no identification code is recognized after taking the at least one image of the sample embedded in the block (18), or if an artifact is recognized in the image after taking the at least one image of the sample embedded in the block (18).

5. The automatic imaging device (10;30;100) according to claim 4, further configured to output an acoustic signal or a visual signal when the identification code recognized after taking the at least one image of the sample embedded in the block (18) is the same as the identification code recognized before taking the at least one image.

6. The automatic photographing device (10; 30; 100) according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a lighting unit (144) configured to illuminate the area of ​​the holder (102).

7. The automatic photographing apparatus (10;30;100) according to claim 6, wherein the lighting unit (144) is equipped with a fully diffused light source.

8. The automatic imaging apparatus (10;30;100) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the illumination unit (144) comprises a first light source (146) provided for illuminating the identification code or the identification code and the embedded sample, and a second light source (148) provided for illuminating the embedded sample.

9. An automatic photographing device (10;30;100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the shortest distance between two points on the outline of the outer shape of the portion including at least the holder (102) and the camera unit (12) is less than 40 cm, preferably less than 35 cm, and more preferably less than 28 cm.

10. An automatic photographing device (10; 30; 100) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a mirror system (34) that reflects the area of ​​the holder (102), wherein the camera unit (12) is directed toward the mirror system (34).

11. A method (200) for automatically capturing at least one image (A4, A9, A11, A13) of a block (18) containing a specimen embedded for histological purposes and an identification code, The process (A4) involves taking an image from the area of ​​the holder (102), The process (A5) involves analyzing the image taken from the area of ​​the holder (102), The process of repeating the imaging step and the analysis step until at least an identification code is recognized (B5a), Step (A9) of taking at least one image of the sample embedded in the block (18) and Method (200), which includes in this order.

12. The method according to claim 11 (200), wherein the step (A9) of taking at least one image of the sample embedded in the block (18) is performed only when an identification code that is not the same as the identification code recognized immediately before is recognized (B6a).

13. After step (A9) of taking at least one image of the sample embedded in the block (18), The process (A13) involves taking an image from the area of ​​the holder (102), The process (A14) involves analyzing the image taken from the area of ​​the holder (102), If the same identification code is not recognized again (B14b, B15b), or if an artifact is recognized, the step (A16) of discarding at least one image of the sample embedded in the block (18) and The method according to claim 11 or claim 12 (200), including the method according to claim 11 or claim 12.

14. A computer program product comprising program code means, which, when executed on a computer, particularly on a control unit (104), causes the control unit (104) to execute the method (200) described in any one of claims 11 to 13.

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