Environmentally friendly generator utilizing multi-phase winding and active drive motor equipment.

Abstract

This invention relates to a linear generator that integrates an electric motor, which independently controls a stator and a moving element having multiple phase windings, with a Free-Piston Engine (FPE) internal combustion engine. The environmentally friendly generator according to this invention has a relatively simple structure from a mechanical standpoint, is highly reliable and durable, has very high fuel / energy efficiency relative to its weight-to-volume ratio, and achieves high output. Furthermore, the electric motor can realize strong spring and damper functions, and can realize an environmentally friendly generator that does not require separate physical springs and dampers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly generator, and more particularly, to a linear generator in which an electric device in which both a stator and a rotor are configured with multi-phase windings is combined with a Free-Piston Engine (FPE) internal combustion engine, and has a high-output and high-efficiency electric device and an environmentally friendly generator equipped with an internal combustion engine that utilizes an environmentally friendly fuel.

Background Art

[0002] A prime mover type engine is composed of a piston-crank to obtain output, while a free piston engine (FPE: Free Piston Engine) is an internal combustion engine without restrictions on the mechanical connection of the piston by a crank. Since the FPE has no crank that restricts the movement of the piston, it has less mechanical friction loss. In addition, the FPE can freely adjust the piston compression ratio, and can convert chemical energy into electrical energy with high efficiency compared to a rotating automotive engine. Further, the FPE can also operate as an environmentally friendly generator using various energy sources (fuels) such as compressed air, bio-fuel (alcohol), hydrogen, and gasoline.

[0003] However, a conventional linear alternator mainly uses an electric motor using a permanent magnet as a generator, and such an electric motor using a permanent magnet has a limit in output. In addition, such a linear alternator requires additional mechanical structures such as springs and dampers, increasing mechanical complexity, which in turn increases weight and volume.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] The objective of the present invention, in order to solve the aforementioned problems, is to provide a highly efficient and environmentally friendly generator by integrating a generator / motor that actively drives a stator and a mobile having multiple phase windings with an internal combustion engine. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] As one example of achieving the above objective, a linear generator according to one embodiment of the present invention includes an electric motor comprising a stator including a multiphase winding, a mobile including a multiphase winding and spaced apart from the stator at a predetermined distance, and a control unit that independently controls a first magnetic field of the stator and a second magnetic field of the mobile, wherein the control unit independently controls the first magnetic field of the stator and the second magnetic field of the mobile so that they are coupled together; and an internal combustion engine comprising at least one cylinder, at least one piston coaxially aligned with the cylinder and freely moving within the cylinder, and at least one combustion chamber defined by the piston and the cylinder for burning fuel. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] This will allow us to expect the following effects through the means of solving the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] The environmentally friendly generator according to the present invention is realized by integrating a generator / motor that actively drives a stator and a moving element having multi-phase windings with an FPE (Fuel Pipe). Such an environmentally friendly generator has a relatively simple structure from a mechanical standpoint, is highly reliable and durable, and achieves an environmentally friendly generator with very high output and energy conversion efficiency relative to its weight and volume. Furthermore, the environmentally friendly generator according to the present invention can achieve high energy yield and a wide energy harvesting range. The electric equipment can achieve strong spring and damper functions, and an environmentally friendly generator can be realized without requiring separate physical springs and dampers. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is a block diagram of a linear motor, which is an electric device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a schematic first conceptual diagram of a generator utilizing electric equipment according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is a schematic second conceptual diagram of a generator utilizing an electric motor according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] This is a schematic third conceptual diagram of a generator utilizing electric equipment according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages, features, and methods for achieving them of the present invention will become clearer with reference to the embodiments described in detail below, along with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below and can be embodied in different forms. The embodiments presented herein are provided so as to ensure that the disclosure is thorough and complete and that the idea of ​​the present invention is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art, and the present invention is defined only within the scope of the claims. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same components.

[0010] The terms used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. In this specification, singular terms include plural terms unless otherwise specified in the text. The terms “comprises” and / or “comprising” as used in this specification do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other components, steps, operations and / or elements mentioned. Furthermore, as this is by preferred embodiment, the order in which reference numerals are presented is not necessarily limited to that order. In addition, in this specification, the mention of one component or part does not exclude other components or parts, and other components or parts may be further interposed if necessary.

[0011] The descriptions and examples provided herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the appended claims. This specification should be considered as illustrating the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the claims of the embodiments described and / or the spirit and scope of the invention. A person of ordinary skill in the art may be able to modify the invention for specific applications of the invention.

[0012] Furthermore, the embodiments described herein will be explained with reference to the cross-sectional and / or plan views which are ideal illustrative diagrams of the present invention. In the drawings, the thickness of the films and regions is exaggerated for the effective explanation of the technical content. Therefore, the form in the illustrative diagram may be altered by manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Thus, embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific forms shown, but also include changes in form that occur during the manufacturing process. For example, a right-angle region shown as a right angle may be rounded or have a predetermined curvature. Therefore, the regions illustrated in the drawings have schematic attributes, and the shapes of the regions illustrated in the drawings are for illustrating specific forms of the region of the element, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0013] The technical problems that this invention aims to solve are not limited to those mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by a person with ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains from the following description.

[0014] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a linear motor, which is an electric motor according to one embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 1, the generator according to one embodiment of the present invention utilizes a multi-phase winding-active drive electric motor 200 which includes a stator 210, a movable element 220, and a control unit 230.

[0015] The stator 210 and the mobile unit 220 of the multiphase winding-active drive motor 200 each include multiphase windings 211 and 221, respectively, and are formed separated from each other by a predetermined distance (d). The control unit 230 independently controls the first magnetic field of the stator 210 and the second magnetic field of the mobile unit 220. A magnetic field is formed by the current by controlling the direction of the current flowing through the multiphase winding, and the speed and direction of the magnetic field can be controlled by controlling the current flowing through the multiphase winding.

[0016] The control unit 230 can control the first and second magnetic fields by controlling the first current applied to the multiphase winding 211 of the stator 210 and the second current applied to the multiphase winding 221 of the mobile unit 220. The control unit 230 can also individually control the phase and amplitude of the first and second currents.

[0017] The control unit 230 can control the motor device 200 so that the first magnetic field of the stator 210 and the second magnetic field of the moving element 220 are coupled to each other during the initial stages of driving. The control unit 230 can control the movement directions of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field to be the same direction or in opposite directions.

[0018] The multiphase windings 211 and 221 arranged in a linear array can be applied to linear generators / motors. The array can also have a periodic arrangement structure and can be applied to rotary motor equipment.

[0019] There is a small air gap between the stator and the rotor, where the rotor can move freely while maintaining a constant air gap with respect to the stator. When current flows through the polyphase winding of the stator, a periodic magnetic field is generated in the air gap by the polyphase winding of the stator. Similarly, when current flows through the polyphase winding of the rotor, a periodic magnetic field is generated in the air gap by the polyphase winding of the rotor.

[0020] If the polyphase winding of the stator is excited by a sine-wave input current having an appropriate phase difference, a traveling magnetic field is generated in the air gap, and if the polyphase winding of the rotor is excited by a sine-wave input current having an appropriate phase difference, a traveling magnetic field is generated in the air gap.

[0021] When the rotor moves relative to the stator at a constant speed, the traveling magnetic field generated by a constant current flowing through the polyphase winding of the rotor will move as the rotor moves. A sine-wave current flowing through the polyphase winding of the rotor generates a traveling magnetic field with respect to the moving direction of the rotor. When the rotor moves, the traveling magnetic field generated by the rotor in the air gap moves at a speed determined by the combination of the speed of the traveling magnetic field and the rotor speed. That is, the speed of the magnetic field generated by the rotor in the air gap is the sum or difference of the rotor speed and the speed of the traveling magnetic field.

[0022] The polyphase windings constituting the stator and the rotor include two or more individual windings, and the polyphase winding generates a periodic magnetic field in the air gap when current flows. The polyphase winding has an integer multiple of a spatial period or a period. When there are two or more phase windings, the second winding is positioned offset by a fixed angle (phase distance) with respect to the first winding. For example, in the case of a two-phase winding, it can be shifted by 1 / 4 period (or 90 degrees electrical angle), and in the case of a three-phase winding, it can be shifted by 1 / 6 period (or 60 degrees electrical angle).

[0023] By supplying current to the winding, the total magnetic field generated by all windings becomes the vector sum of the magnetic fields generated by the currents flowing through each winding. At this time, if the phase and amplitude of the current flowing through the winding are changed, the phase and amplitude of the overall magnetic field can be changed.

[0024] The number of spatial periods of the magnetic fields generated by the stator and the rotor may be the same. The magnetic fields generated by the rotor and the stator by their respective currents are controlled to maintain a magnetic field coupling state with each other. At this time, the magnetic field generated by the rotor maintains a defined phase relationship with the magnetic field generated by the stator, and they will either repel or attract each other. When the phase of the current flowing through the polyphase winding of the stator changes, the phase current of the rotor changes while maintaining a defined phase relationship with respect to the phase current of the stator. At this time, when the phase of the current of the stator changes, the magnetic field pattern generated by the stator moves within the air gap. When the magnetic field generated by the stator moves, the magnetic field generated by the rotor moves together to maintain field lock.

[0025] When the moving directions of the moving magnetic field by the stator and the moving magnetic field by the rotor are opposite and the moving speeds are the same, the rotor moves at twice the moving speed of the magnetic field by the stator. On the other hand, when the moving directions of the moving magnetic fields are the same and the moving speeds are the same, the rotor maintains a stationary state.

[0026] If there is an external force that repels or attracts the rotor in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the rotor, mechanical power is transmitted to the rotor. When the rotor moves due to the external force, a small phase variation occurs in the currents flowing through the polyphase windings of the rotor and the stator. The external force comes into equilibrium with the force generated by the elements that move by the magnetic field and the current.

[0027] By independently controlling the phase currents of the stator and moving element, the electric motor according to one embodiment of the present invention can have a wide operating range and reduced response time. Furthermore, the electric motor according to one embodiment of the present invention can carry a larger current than electric motors containing permanent magnets, can generate a larger force and produce a larger output, and can also optimize efficiency. In addition, the electric motor according to one embodiment of the present invention has a fast response speed during operation, making it easier to ensure safety.

[0028] A generator 100 including an electric motor according to one embodiment of the present invention is a generator that can control very large forces without a gearbox. Furthermore, because there are no physical gears, it is highly reliable and energy efficient.

[0029] Figure 2 shows a schematic first conceptual diagram of an environmentally friendly generator 100 in which a multi-phase winding-active drive motor 200 is integrated according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In Figure 2, a cylinder 240 is provided inside the generator 100. Inside the cylinder 240 is a piston 250, which is slightly smaller than the internal diameter of the cylinder 240, but has a constant diameter that allows the piston 250 to move freely in the axial direction of the cylinder 240. On the other hand, the piston 250 is aligned coaxially with the cylinder 240. Also, on one side of the cylinder 240 is a combustion chamber 260 for burning fuel. The combustion chamber 260 has various volumes depending on the position of the piston 250 inside the cylinder 240.

[0031] The cylinder 240 is preferably symmetrical with respect to the axis of movement of the piston 250. Although cylinders with potentially different geometric shapes, such as square or rectangular cross-section pistons, may be used to carry out the present invention, an arrangement having a piston with the original cross-section is preferred.

[0032] The combustion chamber 260 has an intake opening 271 and an exhaust opening 272, and a spark plug 270 including a fuel injector 273, positioned at the end of the piston 250's travel path. On the other hand, the positions of the spark plug 270 and the intake opening 271, exhaust opening 272, and fuel injector 273 are shown illustratively to illustrate one embodiment of the present invention, and such arrangements are not limited thereto.

[0033] On the other hand, the combustion chamber 260 may further include an oxidizer injection device (not shown) to omit the air intake process and eliminate the intake opening 271. In this case, the oxidizer includes oxygen and air, and the oxygen / air-fuel ratio is adjusted by a controller according to the required power output.

[0034] On the other hand, the spark plug 270 according to one embodiment of the present invention can also be replaced by an automatic ignition system depending on the fuel injected.

[0035] The following describes, in an illustrative manner, the power generation process for an environmentally friendly generator 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention, but this is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0036] A generator 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention consists of two strokes: an intake / exhaust stroke and a compression / explosion / expansion stroke.

[0037] First, during the intake and exhaust strokes, the piston 250 moves to the BDC (Bottom Dead Center, the state in which the combustion chamber volume is largest) of the combustion chamber 260 of the cylinder 240, while the intake opening 271 and exhaust opening 272 are opened to supply fresh air to the combustion chamber 260 and simultaneously discharge the burnt air mixture. At this time, in the environmentally friendly generator 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention, the multi-phase winding-active drive electric motor 200 is operated by a linear motor.

[0038] Next, during the compression-explosion-expansion stroke, the piston 250, propelled by the electric motor 200, compresses the air in the combustion chamber 260 at its TDC (Top Dead Center, the state in which the combustion chamber volume is smallest) as it moves, closing the intake opening 271 and the exhaust opening 272, and compressing the air in the combustion chamber 260. At this time, after compressing the air in the combustion chamber 260 using the electric motor 200 according to one embodiment of the present invention, fuel is injected into the combustion chamber 260 through the fuel injector 273, and after the fuel and oxidizer (air) are mixed, combustion of the mixture is started by the spark plug 270. Thereafter, the mixture in the combustion chamber 260 is burned, generating heat and oxides, and the expansion caused by the heat and oxides in the combustion chamber 260 pushes out the piston 250. At this time, the electric motor 200 according to one embodiment of the present invention operates as a generator and produces electricity until the expansion stops.

[0039] The fuel used in the environmentally friendly generator 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention can be an environmentally friendly fuel such as biofuel or hydrogen, but is not limited thereto. Furthermore, the structure of the generator 100 described above can be partially modified depending on the fuel used in the environmentally friendly generator 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention, and the power generation operation process can also be modified as a result.

[0040] On the other hand, the environmentally friendly generator 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include control means (not shown) that can control the piston 250 moving speed, the expected air and fuel compression ratio, output, ignition timing, etc., which affect power generation efficiency. That is, since the stator 210 and the moving part 220 of the electric motor 200 according to one embodiment of the present invention are actively driven, the speed and acceleration of the electric motor 200 can be controlled to optimize efficiency and dynamically set the TDC and BDC, and the ignition timing can also be adjusted to improve the combustion efficiency of air and fuel.

[0041] Furthermore, the electric device 200 according to one embodiment of the present invention can also be operated by a linear reciprocating motor, compress air using a free-piston engine to store energy, and utilize the stored compressed air to produce electricity. That is, it can also use environmentally friendly new renewable energy to store compressed air in a tank and generate electricity using the stored compressed air to supply power.

[0042] Figure 3 shows a schematic second conceptual diagram of an environmentally friendly generator 100 in which a multi-phase winding-active drive motor 200 is integrated according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] In Figure 3, the generator 100 is equipped with opposed pistons 251 and 252 within a cylinder 240. The pistons 251 and 252 are slightly smaller than the internal diameter of the cylinder 240, but have a constant diameter that allows them to move freely along the length of the cylinder 240. On the other hand, the pistons 251 and 252 are coaxially aligned with the cylinder 240. On the other hand, a combustion chamber 260 for burning fuel is provided in the center of the cylinder 240. The combustion chamber 260 is equipped with an intake opening 271, an exhaust opening 272, and a spark plug 270 including a fuel injector 273. On the other hand, the positions of the spark plug 270, intake opening 271, exhaust opening 272, and fuel injector 273 are shown illustratively to illustrate one embodiment of the present invention and are not limited to this arrangement. Furthermore, the spark plug 270 according to one embodiment of the present invention may be omitted in the case of automatic ignition.

[0044] A generator 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention operates similarly to the first conceptual generator 100 shown in Figure 2. On the other hand, the power generation operation process can also be modified by the fuel and structure used in the environmentally friendly generator 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 4 shows a schematic third conceptual diagram of an environmentally friendly generator 100 in which a multi-phase winding-active drive motor 200 is integrated according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] In Figure 4, a single piston 255, a dual piston, is provided within a sealed cylinder 240 inside the generator 100, with both ends connected to the electric equipment 200. The piston 255 is slightly smaller than the internal diameter of the cylinder 240, but has a constant diameter that allows the piston 255 to move freely along the length of the cylinder 240. The piston 255 is also connected to separate combustion chambers 263 and 265. Alternatively, a mechanical interlocking device (not shown) may connect the two pistons to ensure symmetrical piston behavior.

[0047] A generator 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention operates in a manner similar to that described previously. On the other hand, the power generation operation process can also be modified by the fuel and structure used in the environmentally friendly generator 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] On the other hand, this type of opposed-piston design offers advantages in terms of system balance and vibration compared to other types of free-piston engines, and because there is no cylinder head, heat transfer losses are reduced, resulting in high scavenging efficiency.

Claims

1. Including electric equipment and internal combustion engines, The aforementioned electric equipment is A stator including a multiphase winding, A movable element including a multiphase winding, which is spaced apart from the stator at a predetermined distance, and It includes a control unit that independently controls the first magnetic field of the stator and the second magnetic field of the mobile, The control unit maintains the connection between the first magnetic field of the stator and the second magnetic field of the moving element, and controls the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field independently. The aforementioned internal combustion engine is At least one cylinder and At least one piston that is coaxially aligned with the cylinder and moves within the cylinder, and A linear generator comprising at least one combustion chamber for burning fuel in the space formed by the piston and the cylinder.

2. The control unit, The linear generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field are controlled by controlling the first current applied to the multiphase winding of the stator and the second current applied to the multiphase winding of the mobile.

3. The control unit, The linear generator according to claim 2, characterized in that the phase and amplitude of the first current and the second current are individually controlled.

4. The aforementioned combustion chamber is A linear generator according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes at least one or more openings.

5. The aforementioned opening is The linear generator according to claim 4, characterized by including at least one intake opening.

6. The aforementioned opening is The linear generator according to claim 4, further comprising at least one oxidizing agent injection device.

7. The aforementioned opening is The linear generator according to claim 4, characterized in that it includes at least one exhaust opening.

8. The aforementioned combustion chamber is A linear generator according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes at least one spark plug.

9. The aforementioned spark plug is The linear generator according to claim 8, further comprising at least one fuel injection device.

10. The pistons are composed of a pair, The aforementioned combustion chamber is The space formed by the cylinder and the pair of pistons is formed Each of the pair of pistons is The linear generator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is coupled to the electric device located at one end far from the combustion chamber.

11. The aforementioned combustion chamber is The linear generator according to claim 10, characterized in that it is positioned between the pair of pistons.

12. The aforementioned combustion chamber is The linear generator according to claim 11, characterized in that the volume decreases when the pair of pistons move closer to each other and increases when they move further apart.

13. The aforementioned piston is The linear generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the two pistons are in a single piston structure.

14. The aforementioned combustion chamber is The linear generator according to claim 13, characterized in that it includes two combustion chambers separated by the piston.

15. The aforementioned combustion chamber is The linear generator according to claim 14, characterized in that when the volume of one combustion chamber increases in accordance with the direction of movement of the piston, the volume of another combustion chamber decreases.

16. Each of the two separated combustion chambers is A linear generator according to claim 14, characterized in that it includes at least one or more openings.

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