Antifungal components

Abstract

A fungicidal composition comprising a mixture of components (A) and (B) as described in claim 1, and use of the composition in agriculture or horticulture for controlling or preventing plant infections by plant pathogenic microorganisms, preferably fungi.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates in particular to a novel fungicidal composition for treating phytopathogenic diseases of useful plants caused by phytopathogenic fungi, and to a method for controlling such diseases and / or fungi on useful plants.

Background Art

[0002] Although many fungicidal compounds and compositions belonging to a variety of different chemical classes have been or are being developed for use as fungicides for useful plant crops, crop resistance and activity against specific phytopathogenic fungi do not in many respects necessarily meet the needs in agricultural practice. Accordingly, there continues to exist a need to find new compounds and compositions with excellent biological properties for use in controlling or preventing infection of plants by phytopathogenic fungi, for example, compounds with higher biological activity, advantageous activity spectrum, increased safety profile, improved physicochemical properties, and increased biodegradability, or alternatively compositions having a broader activity spectrum, improved crop tolerance, synergistic interactions or potentiating properties, or that exhibit a more rapid onset of action, or have a longer residual activity, or that allow for a reduction in the number of applications and / or the application rate of the compounds and compositions required for effective control of plant pathogens, thereby enabling beneficial resistance management practices, reduced environmental impact and reduced operator exposure.

[0003] The use of compositions containing mixtures of different fungicidal compounds with different modes of action, for example by combining fungicides with different activity spectra, can meet some of these requirements.

[0004] The biological activity of certain pyrazolyl-carboxamide derivatives against plant pathogenic fungi is known from International Publications 2008 / 148570, 2010 / 063700, 2010 / 084078, and 2008 / 151828. On the other hand, various fungicidal compounds of different chemical types are widely known as plant fungicides for use in various crops of cultivated plants. However, crop tolerance and activity against plant pathogenic plant fungi do not always meet the needs of agricultural practice in many cases and aspects. To overcome this problem, several two-component mixtures of pyrazolyl-carboxamide with specific fungicidal agents are provided in International Publications 2012 / 041874 and 2015 / 049178. [Overview of the Initiative] [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The present invention provides a fungicidal composition comprising a mixture of component (A) and component (B) as an active ingredient, wherein component (A) is pidflumetofen and component (B) is fluphenoxadiazam, or a pesticide-acceptable salt thereof, N-oxide, diastereoisomer, enantiomer, or tautomer.

[0006] Pidiflumetofen is also known as 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-methoxy-1-methyl-N-[1-methyl-2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)ethyl]pyrazole-4-carboxamide, which is known, for example, from International Publication No. 2010 / 067300 and can be prepared as described therein. Specific two-component mixtures of pidflumetofen are known from International Publication Nos. 2012 / 041874, International Publication Nos. 2015 / 049178, and International Publication Nos. 2022 / 157122.

[0007] Flufenoxadiazam is also known as N-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole-3-yl]benzamide, which is known, for example, from International Publication No. 2015 / 185485 and can be prepared as described therein. Certain two-component mixtures of pidflumetofen are known from International Publication Brochures No. 2018 / 202428 and International Publication Brochures No. 2021 / 209630.

[0008] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for controlling diseases caused by plant pathogens in useful plants or their reproductive materials, comprising applying a composition defined according to the present invention to the useful plants, their habitat, or their reproductive materials.

[0009] Furthermore, the present invention provides for the use of a composition containing component (A) and component (B) as a fungicide.

[0010] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for protecting natural substances derived from plants and / or animals taken from the natural life cycle, and / or processed forms thereof, comprising applying a combination of components (A) and (B) as defined in accordance with the present invention to the natural substances derived from plants and / or animals, or processed forms thereof.

[0011] It was found that the combination of flufenoxadiazam and pidflumetofen surprisingly and significantly increased the effectiveness against the latter fungus, and vice versa. Furthermore, the use of the compositions of the present invention may be effective against a broader range of such fungi than those that can be eradicated by the individual active ingredients when used alone.

[0012] The benefits provided by certain fungicidal mixed compositions according to the present invention may include, in particular, advantageous levels of biological activity for protecting plants from fungal diseases or superior properties for use as pesticide active ingredients (e.g., high biological activity, advantageous activity spectrum, increased safety profile, improved physicochemical properties, or increased biodegradability).

[0013] In each case, pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam exist in free form, oxidized form as N-oxides, or salt form, such as agriculturally usable salt form. The N-oxides are oxidized forms of tertiary amines or nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compounds. These are described, for example, in the book "Heterocyclic N-oxides" by A. Albini and S. Pietra, CRC Press, Boca Raton 1991.

[0014] As used herein, the term "component (A)" is understood to mean pidflumetofen, or its salts, N-oxides, diastereoisomers, enantiomers, or tautomers that are permitted as pesticides.

[0015] As used herein, the term "component (B)" is understood to mean flufenoxadiazam or its salts, N-oxides, diastereoisomers, enantiomers, or tautomers that are permitted as pesticides.

[0016] Generally, the weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) in the composition of the present invention is 1000:1 to 1:1000, particularly 100:1 to 1:100, more particularly 50:1 to 1:50, even more particularly 40:1 to 1:40, even more particularly 25:1 to 1:25, even more particularly 10:1 to 1:10, even more particularly 5:1 to 1:5, and especially 5:2 to 2:5. Preferred specific individual ratios include 1:1, 5:1, 5:2, 5:3, 5:4, 4:1, 4:2, 4:3, 3:1, 3:2, 2:1, 1:5, 2:5, 3:5, 4:5, 1:4, 2:4, 3:4, 1:3, 2:3, 1:2, 1:600, 1:300, 1:150, 1:100, 1:50, 1:40, 1:35, 1:20, 2:35, 4:35, 1:10, 1:75, 2:75, 4:75, 1:6000, 1:3000, 1:1500, 1:350, 2:350, 4:350, 1:750, 2:750, and 4:750. Of these, 1:100, 1:50, 1:25, 1:10, 1:5, and 2:5 may be particularly preferred. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0017] In one aspect of the present invention, a fungicidal composition is provided comprising pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, or their salts, N-oxides, diastereoisomers, enantiomers, or tautomers that are acceptable as pesticides, as fungicidal active ingredients.

[0018] In one embodiment, in the fungicidal composition according to the present invention, pidiflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 100:1 to 1:100.

[0019] In one embodiment, in the fungicidal composition according to the present invention, pidiflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 50:1 to 1:50.

[0020] In one embodiment, the fungicidal composition according to the present invention contains pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam in a weight ratio of 50:1 to 1:4.

[0021] In one embodiment, in the fungicidal composition according to the present invention, pydiflumetofen and flufenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 25:1 to 1:25.

[0022] In one embodiment, in the fungicidal composition according to the present invention, pydiflumetofen and flufenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 10:1 to 1:10.

[0023] In one embodiment, in the fungicidal composition according to the present invention, pydiflumetofen and flufenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 5:1 to 1:5.

[0024] In one embodiment, in the fungicidal composition according to the present invention, pydiflumetofen and flufenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 4:1 to 1:4.

[0025] In one embodiment, in the fungicidal composition according to the present invention, pydiflumetofen and flufenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 2:1 to 1:2.

[0026] In one embodiment, in the fungicidal composition according to the present invention, pydiflumetofen and flufenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 1:2.

[0027] In one embodiment, in the fungicidal composition according to the present invention, pydiflumetofen and flufenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 1:4.

[0028] In one embodiment, in the fungicidal composition according to the present invention, pydiflumetofen and flufenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 50:1.

[0029] In one embodiment, in the fungicidal composition according to the present invention, pydiflumetofen and flufenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 10:1.

[0030] In one embodiment, in the fungicidal composition according to the present invention, pydiflumetofen and flufenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 5:1.

[0031] In one embodiment, the fungicidal composition according to the present invention contains pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam in a weight ratio of 4:1.

[0032] In one embodiment, the fungicidal composition according to the present invention contains pidiflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam in a weight ratio of 2:1.

[0033] In one embodiment, the fungicidal composition according to the present invention contains pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam in a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0034] In one embodiment, the fungicidal composition according to the present invention contains pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam in a weight ratio of 1:2.

[0035] In one embodiment, the fungicidal composition according to the present invention contains pidiflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam in a weight ratio of 1:4.

[0036] The fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and flufenoxadiazam according to the present invention can be used in particular to control diseases caused by specific plant pathogens, such as species of the genus Phakopsora and species of Erysiphe, preferably Phakopsora species in soybeans, and especially Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Erysiphe diffusa in soybeans. The fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and flufenoxadiazam according to the present invention can also be used to control diseases caused by species of the genus Puccinia in wheat, and especially Puccinia recondita in wheat.

[0037] In one embodiment, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam may be used to control diseases caused by Erysiphe diffusa in soybeans.

[0038] In one embodiment, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam may be used to control diseases caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybeans.

[0039] In one embodiment, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam may be used to control diseases caused by Puccinia recondita in wheat.

[0040] In another embodiment, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 50:1 to 1:4, may be used to control diseases caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybeans.

[0041] In another embodiment, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 10:1 to 1:10, may be used to control diseases caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybeans.

[0042] In further embodiments, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 5:1 to 1:5, may be used to control diseases caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybeans.

[0043] In further embodiments, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 4:1 to 1:4, may be used to control diseases caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybeans.

[0044] In further embodiments, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 2:1 to 1:2, may be used to control diseases caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybeans.

[0045] In a further embodiment, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 50:1, may be used to control diseases caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybeans.

[0046] In a further embodiment, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 10:1, may be used to control diseases caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybeans.

[0047] In a further embodiment, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 5:1, may be used to control diseases caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybeans.

[0048] In a further embodiment, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 1:2, may be used to control diseases caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybeans.

[0049] In a further embodiment, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 1:4, may be used to control diseases caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybeans.

[0050] In a further embodiment, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 2:1, may be used to control diseases caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybeans.

[0051] In a further embodiment, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 4:1, may be used to control diseases caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybeans.

[0052] In a further embodiment, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a 1:1 weight ratio, may be used to control diseases caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybeans.

[0053] In further embodiments, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 10:1 to 1:1, may be used to control diseases caused by Puccinia recondita in wheat.

[0054] In further embodiments, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 10:1, may be used to control diseases caused by Puccinia recondita in wheat.

[0055] In further embodiments, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, containing pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam in a weight ratio of 5:1, may be used to control diseases caused by Puccinia recondita in wheat.

[0056] In further embodiments, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 4:1, may be used to control diseases caused by Puccinia recondita in wheat.

[0057] In further embodiments, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a weight ratio of 2:1, may be used to control diseases caused by Puccinia recondita in wheat.

[0058] In further embodiments, a fungicidal composition of pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam, in which pidflumetofen and fluphenoxadiazam are present in a 1:1 weight ratio, may be used to control diseases caused by Puccinia recondita in wheat.

[0059] Surprisingly, it has been found that a certain weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) can produce synergistic activity. Therefore, a further aspect of the present invention is a composition in which components (A) and (B) are present in amounts that produce a synergistic effect. This synergistic activity is evident from the fact that the fungicidal activity of the composition containing components (A) and (B) is greater than the sum of the fungicidal activities of components (A) and (B) individually. This synergistic activity extends the range of action of components (A) and (B) in two ways. First, the application rates of components (A) and (B) can be reduced while maintaining equally good efficacy, meaning that even at low application rates where the two individual components are completely ineffective, the active ingredient mixture still achieves a high level of control over plant pathogens. Second, the range of plant pathogens that can be controlled is substantially expanded.

[0060] A synergistic effect always exists when the combined effect of the active ingredients is greater than the sum of the effects of the individual ingredients. The expected effect E for a given combination of active ingredients can be calculated according to the so-called Colby formula as follows (Colby, SR, "Calculating synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combination", Weeds, Vol. 15, pages 20-22; 1967): ppm = milligrams of active ingredient (=ai) per liter of spray mixture X = Percentage of effect of the active ingredient (A) when used at p ppm. Y = Effect (%) of the active ingredient (B) when q ppm is used. According to Colby, the expected (additive) effects of active ingredients (A) + (B) using p + q ppm of active ingredients are as follows:

number

[0061] When the observed effect (O) is greater than the expected effect (E), the combined effect is hyperadditive, meaning a synergistic effect exists. Mathematically, a synergistic effect corresponds to a positive difference in (OE). In the case of a purely complementary addition of activities (expected activity), the difference (OE) is zero. A negative value of the difference (OE) suggests a loss of activity compared to the expected activity.

[0062] However, in addition to the actual synergistic effects with respect to fungicidal activity, the compositions according to the present invention may also possess remarkable advantageous properties. Examples of such advantageous properties that can be mentioned include: more favorable degradability; improved toxicological behavior and / or ecotoxicological behavior; or improved properties of useful plants, including improved budding, crop yield, more developed root system, increased tillering, increased plant height, larger leaf blades, reduced dead basal leaves, stronger tillering, greener leaf color, less fertilizer required, less seed required, more productive tillering, earlier flowering, earlier grain maturation, less plant lodging, increased shoot growth, improved plant vitality, and earlier germination.

[0063] The composition of the present invention may, under certain circumstances, contain an additional active ingredient (C) different from ingredient (B), wherein ingredient (C) is selected from the group consisting of: (4E,10Z)-tetradeca-4,10-dienylacetate, (7E,9Z)-dodeca-7,9-dien-1-ylacetate, (E)-6-methylhepto-2-en-4-ol, (E)-deca-5-en-1-ylacetate and (E)-deca-5-en-1-ol, (E)-trideca-4-en-1-ylacetate, (S)-biorethrin, (Z)-dodeca (Z)-7-en-1-ylacetate, (Z)-hexadeca-11-en-1-ylacetate, (Z)-hexadeca-11-enal, (Z)-hexadeca-13-en-11-in-1-ylacetate, (Z)-icos-13-en-10-one, (Z)-tetradeca-7-en-1-al, (Z)-tetradeca-9-en-1-ol, (Z)-tetradeca-9-en-1-ylacetate, 1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-ethoxyethanol, 1-(2-chlorophenyl)-3,3-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triaz (1,1-ylmethyl)butan-2-ol, 1-(5-bromo-2-pyridyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-3-(1,2,4-triazole-1-yl)propan-2-ol, 1-hydroxy-1H-pyridine-2-thion, 1-methylcyclopropene, 1-naphthaleneacetamide, 1-naphthylacetic acid, 2,2-dichlorovinyl 2-ethylsulfinylethylmethylphosphate, 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, 2,6-dichloro-N-(4-trifluoromethylbenzyl)benzamide, 2-(1,3 -Dithiolan-2-yl)phenyldymium petretylcarbamate, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl piperonylate, 2-(4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenylmethylcarbamate, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-((3R)-1,1,3-trimethylindan-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide, 2-(octylthio)ethanol, 2-bromo-2-bromomethylpentanedinitrile, 2-chlorovinyl diethyl phosphate, 2-imidazolidone,2-Methyl(prop-2-inyl)aminophenylmethylcarbamate, 2-thiocyanatoethyl laurate, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methylrhodanine, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[1,1,3-trimethylindan-4-yl]pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-(7-fluoro-1,1,3,3-tetramethylindan-4-yl)-1-methylpyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-(7-fluoro-1,1,3,3-tetramethylindan-4-yl) N-4-yl)-1-methylpyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-chloro-6-methyl-5-phenyl-4-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)pyridazine, 3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole-5-yldimethylcarbamate, 3-phenylphenol, 4,5-dichlorodithiol-3-one, 4-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-6-methyl-5-phenylpyridazine-3-carbonitrile, 4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-2,5-dimethylpyrazole-3-a Min, 4-(quinoxaline-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide, 4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(1,2,4-triazole-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy]benzonitrile, 4-chloro-2-(2-chloro-2-methylpropyl)-5-[(6-iodo-3-pyridyl)methoxy]pyridazin-3-one, 4-CPA, 4-methyl(prop-2-inyl)amino-3,5-xylylmethylcarbamate, 4-methylnonan-5-ol and 4-M Tyrnonan-5-one, 4-phenylphenol, 5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-hexylcyclohexa-2-enone, 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol, 5-fluoro-2-(p-tolylmethoxy)pyrimidine-4-amine, 5-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-(((E)-pyridine-3-ylmethylene)amino)-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazine-3(2H)-one, 5-methyl-6-thioxo-1,3,5-thiadiazinan-3-ylacetic acid, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate,11-Ethyl-10,12-Dioxo-2,5,8-Tritia-4,11-Diazatricyclo[7.3.0.03,7]Dodeca-1(9),3,6-Triene-6-Carbonitrile, 14-Methyloctadeca-1-ene, [(9Z,11E)-Tetradeca-9,11-Dienyl]Acetate, [(Z)-Dodeca-9-Enyl]Acetate, Abamectin, Acephate, Acequinosyl, Acetamiprid, Acethion, Acetoprol, Acibenzol, Acibenzol-S-Methyl, Acrinatrin, Adoxophyes orana GV, Agrobacterium radiobacter Radiobacter, alanicarb, albendazole, aldicarb, allethrin, allosamidin, allyl alcohol, alixicarb, alpha-ecdysone, alpha-multistriatin, Amblyseius spp., ametoctrazine, amidithione, amidoflumet, amidothioate, aminocarb, amisulbrom, amiton, amiton hydrogen oxalate, amitraz, anabasine, Anagrapha falcifera NPV, Anagrus atomus, ancimidor, anilazine, anisifurupurine, anthraquinone, antu, Aphelinus abdominalis, Aphidius colemani, Aphidoletes aphidimiza aphidimyza), atedathion, aureofungin, Autographa californica NPV, avermectin B1a, azaconazole, azadirachtin A, azaphenidine, azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, azithiram, azoxystrobin, Bacillus sphaericus (Neide), Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin,Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. aizawai, baculovirus, bartholin, Beauveria brongniartii, venalaxyl, venalaxyl-M, benazepril, bencrotiaz, benfuracarb, benomyl, bensultap, benciavaricarb, benzalkonium chloride, benzamorph, benzothiostrobin, benzovindiflupir, beta-cyfluthrin, beta-cypermethrin, bethoxazine, bifenazate, bifenthrin, binapacril, biorethrin, bioetanomethrin, biopermethrin, bioresmethrin, bisthiosemi, bistrifluron, viterta Nol, Bixafen, Blastocidine-S, Borax, Bordeaux mixture, Boscalid, Brodifacum, Brofenvalerate, Broflutrinate, Bromadiolon, Bromfenvinphos, Bromophos, Bromophos-ethyl, Bromuconazole, Bufencarb, Bupirimate, Buprofezin, Busererin, Busulfan, Buta-3-inyl N-[6-[[(Z)-[(1-methyltetrazole-5-yl)-phenylmethylene]amino]oxymethyl]-2-pyridyl]carbamate, Buta Lubu, Butathiofos, Butocarboxime, Butonate, Butopyronoxyl, Butoxy(Polypropylene Glycol), Butoxycarboxime, Butylamine, Kazusafos, Calciferol, Calcium Phosphate, Calcium Polysulfide, Cambendazole, Captafo, Captan, Carbanolate, Carbaryl, Carbendazim, Carbendazim Hydrochloride, Carbofuran, Carbosulfan, Carboxone, Carprofen, Carpropamide, Cartap, Cartap Hydrochloride, Cephalexin, Cefo Besin, cefquinome, ceftiol, cestex, sebadin, quinomethionate, chitosan, clobentiazon, chloralose, chlorantraniliprole, chlorbenside, chlordimeform, chloratephone, chlorethoxyphos, chlorfenapyr, chlorphenazole, chlorfentadine, chlorfenvinphos, chlorfluazuron, chlormefos, chlormecort, chlorodimeform hydrochloride, chloroinconazide, chloromebform, chloromethiurone, chloroneb, chlorothalonil,Chlorfoxime, Chlorprazofos, Chlorpyrifos, Chlorpyrifos-methyl, Chlortetracycline, Chlorthiofos, Clozolinate, Cholecalciferol, Chromafenozide, Chrysoperla carnea carnea), synerin, synerin I, synerin II, cis-jasmon, cis-resmethrin, cismethrin, clenbuterol, crimbazole, chloetocarb, clofencet, chlorthrone, clothianidin, clodilacon (acetamide), chodrelua, copper acetate, copper hydroxide, copper naphthenate, copper octanoate, copper oleate, copper oxide, copper oxychloride, copper silicate, copper sulfate, copper(II) carbonate, coumcrol, coumafen, coumafuryl, coumatetralyl, coumoxystrobin (jiaxiangjunzhi), coumitoate, coumoxystrobin, cryolite, Cryptolaemus monturzieri Montrouzieri), Querua, Cufraneb, Copper(I) Oxide, Cyanophenphos, Cyanothoate, Cyazofamide, Sibutrin, Cyclaframide, Ciclethrin, Cyclobtrifluram, Cydia pomonella GV, Cyenopyrafen, Cyflufenaamide, Cyflumetofen, Cyfluthrin, Cyhalothrin, Simiazole, Cymoxanil, Cypermethrin (Alphamethrin), Cyphenothrin, Cyproconazole, Cyprodinil, Cyprodinil, Cyromazine, Cytokinin, D-Tetramethrin, Dacnusa sibirica sibirica), DAEP, dazomet, DCPM, debacarb, decarbofuran, deltamethrin, demefione-O, demefione-S, demeton-O, demeton-S, demeton-S-methyl, demeton-S-methylsulfone, diafenthiuron, dialiphos, diazinon, dibutyl adipate, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl succinate, dicapton, diclobentiazox, diclofluanide, diclon, dichlorprop, dichlorvos, diclozoline, diclosimen, diclomazine, dichloran, dicofol, dicresil, diclotophos, dicyclanil, dicyclopentadiene, diethofencarb, diethyltoluamide, difenacam, difenoconazole, diphenzocort, difethiaron, diflovidazine,Diflubenzuron, Diflumetrim, Diglyphus isaea, Dimatif, Dimefluthrin, Dimethane, Dimethacron, Dimethipine, Dimethymol, Dimethoate, Dimethomorph, Dimethrin, Dimethyl disulfide, Dimethyl phthalate, Dimethilane, Dimoxystrobin, Dinactin, Diniconazole, Diniconazole-M, Dinobutone, Dinocap, Dinoctone, Dinoseb, Dinotefuran, Diophenolane, Dioxabenzophos, Diphenylamine, Dipyrithione, Di Disparlure, disulfiram, disulfon, ditalimphos, dithianone, diticlophos, dithiocarbamate, dodeca-8-en-1-ylacetate, dodemorph, dodicin, dozin, dofenapine, dominicalua, doramectin, dorazoxolone, DSP, ecdysterone, edifenphos, emamectin benzoate, EMPC, empenthrin, Encarsia Formosa, endosulfan, endotal, endothon, enestrobrin (enoxastrobin), enrofloxacin, entomopathogenic bacteria, entomopathogenic fungi, entomopathogenic viruses, EPBP, epoxyconazole, eprinomectin, Eretmocerus Etofenprox, Esfenvalerate, Etaconazole, Etaboxam, Ethiofencarb, Ethion, Ethiprole, Ethyrimol, Ethoate-methyl, Etoprophos, Ethoxyquin, Ethyl 4-methyloctanoate, Ethyl formate, Ethylhexanediol, Etofenprox, Ethoxazole, Etridiazole, Etrimophos, Eugenol, Eurax, EXD, Exo-Brevicomin, Famoxadone, Fanflu, Farnesol and Nerolidol, Feb Phenamidon, Phenamistrobin, Phenamifos, Phenarimol, Phenazaquin, Fenbendazole, Fenbuconazole, Fenbutatine oxide, Feneptamidoquin, Phenetacarb, Fenfluthrin, Fenflam, Fenhexamide, Fenitrothion, Phenobcarb, Fenopyramide, Phenothiocarb, Phenoxacrim, Phenoxanil, Phenoxycarb, Fenpiclonil, Fenpicoxamide, Fenpyritrin, Fenpropathrin,Fenpropidine, fenpropimorph, fenpyrazamine, fenpyroximate, fensulfothion, fenthion, fenthion-ethyl, fentin, fentin acetate, fentin chloride, fentin hydroxide, fenvalerate, ferbam, ferrimzon, ferric phosphate, fipronil, fulocumafen, flonicamide, florfenicol, florylpicoxamide, fluacrypyrim, fluazinam, fluazuron, flubendazole, flubendiamide, fluveneteram, flubendimine, flucycloxuron, flucycloxuron, flucitrinate, fludioxonil, fluenateyl, flufenelim, flufenoxuron, flufenoxystrobin, flufenprox, fluindapir, flumetraline, flumethylsulfolim, flumorph, fluopicolide, flupimomid, fluopyram, fluoroimide, fluoxapiproli Fluoxastrobin, fluoxythioconazole, flupyrazofos, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flusulfamide, fluthianil, flutolanil, flutriafoll, fluxapiroxad, Forpet, phonofos, forchlorfenuron, formaldehyde, formethaneate, formethaneate hydrochloride, formothion, formparanate, fosetyl, fosetyl-aluminum, fosmetyl, fosthiazate, fosthietan, frontalin, fuberidazole, flaraxil, flametopyr, flatiocarb, fretrin, furfural, gibberellic acid, gliodin, glyphosate, Grandlua I, Grandlua II, Grandlua III, Grandlua IV, guazatin triacetate, halfenprox, halofenozide, hemel, heptenofos, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora bacteriophora and H. megidis, hexaconazole, hexadecylcyclopropanecarboxylate, hexaflumurone, hexalua, hexamide, hexythiazox, Hippodamia convergens, huanjunzuo (rac-(1S,2S)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1,2,4-triazole-1-yl)cycloheptanol), hydramethylnon,Slaked lime (calcium hydroxide), himexazole, hikincarb, icaridin, imanin (hypericin), imazalil, imazalil sulfate, imibenconazole, imidacloprid, iminoctadine, indoxacarb, impulfluxam, iodocarb, ipconazole, ipfentrifluconazole, ipflufenoquin, iprobenphos (IBP), iprodione, iprovalicarb, ipsdienol, ipsenol, IPSP, isamidophos, isazofos, isocarbophos, isofetane Mid, Isoflucipram, Isolan, Isoprocarb, Isoprothiolan, Isopyrazam, Isothioate, Isothianil, Isoxathion, Ivermectin, Japonil, Jasmolin I, Jasmolin II, Juvenile Hormone I, Juvenile Hormone II, Juvenile Hormone III, Cadetrin, Kanamycin, Kasugamycin, Kasugamycin Hydrochloride Hydrate, Kinetin, Quinoprene, Kresoxime-Methyl, Krustaki, Lambda-Cyhalothrin, Leptomastix dactylopii Dactylopii), Leptophos, Levamisole, Lineatin, Lilimphos, Lupulua, Lufenulon, Rububenmixianan, Lithidathion, m-Cumenylmethylcarbamate, Macrolophus caliginosus, Magnesium phosphide, Malathion, Hydrazide maleate, Malonoben, Mamestra Brassicae brassicae) NPV, mancapper, mancozeb, mandestrobin, mandipropamide, maneb, majidox, mebendazole, mecarbam, mecarbone, medolua, mefentrifluconazole, megatomoic acid, meloxicam, menazone, mepanipyrim, meperfluthrin, mephosphoran, mepicort, mepronil, meptildinocap, mesulfenphos, metaflumizone, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, metaldehyde, metam, metam-potassium, metam-sodium, Metaphycus helvolus, Metarhizium anisopliae var. Acridum,Metalhizium anisoplie Anisopliae var. anisopliae, methallyl picoxamide, metconazole, methacriphos, methamidophos, metasulfocarb, methidathion, methiocarb, methiotepa, metoclotophos, methomyl, methoprene, methquin-butyl, methotrin, methoxyphenozide, methyl aphorate, methyl eugenol, methyl iodide, methylneodecanamide, methylram, metofluthrin, metolcarb, metminostrobin, methoxadiazone, metraphenone, methyltetraprole, mevinphos, mesacarbate, MGK264, milbemycin, milbemycin oxime, monoclotophos, morantel tartrate, morzide, moxidectin, muscarua, mycrobutanil, microzolin, Myrothecium perulcariae Verrucaria composition, N-[2-[2,4-dichlorophenoxy]phenyl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methylpyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-N-[(2-isopropylphenyl)methyl]-1-methylpyrazole-4-carboxamide, Nabam, Nared, NC-170, Nemadectin, Neodiprion Celltifer N. sertifer NPV and N. lecontei NPV, niclosamide-olamine, nicotine, nicotin sulfate, nicomycin, nitenpyram, nithiazine, nitrapyrine, nitrilacarb, nitrotal-isopropyl, norbolmid, nornicotine, novaron, nobiflumulon, nualimol, O,O,O',O'-tetrapropyldithiopyrophosphate, octadeca-2,13-dien-1-yl acetate, octadeca-2,13-dien-1-yl acetate, octylinone, oflace, oleic acid, omethoate, Oriflurua, Orius species (spp.), Orysastrobin, Ostol, Ostramon, Oxadixyl, Oxamate, Oxamyl, Oxanterpamoate, Oxasulfuron, Oxathiapiproline, Oxfendazole, Oxibendazole, Oxine copper, Oxolinic acid, Oxopoconazole, Oxycarboxyne, Oxidemeton-methyl,Oxydeprofos, oxydisulfon, oxytetracycline, oxytetracycline dihydrate, paclobutrazol, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, paraoxone, Parathion, parathion-methyl, parbendazole, pefurazoate, penconazole, pencyclon, penetamate, penflufen, penthiopyrad, permethrin, petroleum, PH60-38, phenamacryl, fenthate, phorate, phosacetim, phosalon, phosphoran, phosglycine, phosmet, phosniclor, phosphamidone, phosphocarb, phosphonic acid, phosphorus, phoxim, phoxim-methyl, phthalide, Phytoseiulus persimilis Persimilis), Picarbutrazox, Picoxystrobin, Pimobendan, Pindone, Piperalin, Piperonyl Butoxide, Piprotal, Pyrimethaphos, Pyrimicarb, Pyrimiphos-methyl, Polycarbamate, Polynactin, Polyoxin B, Polyoxin D, Potassium Ethylxanthonate, Potassium Hydroxyquinoline Sulfate, Praziquantel, Precosen I, Precosen II, Precosen III, Primidophos Probenazole, Prochloraz, Procymidone, Profenofos, Profluthrin, Prohexadione, Prohexadione-Calcium, Promacil, Promecarb, Propamidine, Propamocarb, Propaphos, Propargit, Propetamphos, Propiconazole, Propineb, Propionic acid, Propoxul, Propyl isomer, Proquinazide, Protidathion, Prothioconazole, Prothiofos, Protoate, Protrife Pyrometholone, pyriflumetofen, pyraclofos, pyraclostrobin, pyrafluprole, pyramethrostrobin, pyranterpamoate, pyroxystrobin, pyrapropoine, pyraziflumid, pyrazofos, pyrazoxone, pyresmethrin, pyrethrin I, pyrethrin II, pyrethrin (natural product), pyrethroid (natural product), pyribencarb, pyridaben, pyridaclomethyl, pyridaryl, pyridaphenthion Pyridine-4-amine, Pyriphenox, Pyrifluquinazone, Pyrimethinil, Pyrimidifen, Pyrimorph, Pyriophenone, Pyriprole, Pyriproxyfen, Pyrisoxazole, Pyrroquilon, Quassia, Quinalphos, Quinalphos-methyl, Quinoclamine, Quinofumerine, Quinonamide, Quinotion, Quinoxyfen, Kintozen, R-1492, R-metalaxyl, Reynoutria saccharinensissachalinensis) extract, ribavirin, rotenone, ryanodine (riania), sabajira, shuradan, siriloside, seboctilamine, sedaxane, selamectin, sesamex, sesamolin, siglua, silafluofen, silthiofam, simeconazole, sodium tetrathiocarbonate, sofamide, sordidine, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, spirotetramat, spiroxamine, Steinernema bibonis, Steinernema carpocapsae, Steinernema feltiae, Steinernema glaseri, Steinernema riobrave Steinernema riobravis, Steinernema scapterisci, Steinernema species (spp.), streptomycin, streptomycin sesquisulfate, sulcatol, sulcoflon, sulfiram, sulfur, sulprophos, tar oil, tau-fluvalinate, TCMTB, TDE, tebuconazole, tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, tebufloxin, tebupyrimphos, technazen, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, temephos, terarethrin, terbam, terbuphos, tetrachlorvinphos, tetraconazole, tetradeca-11-en-1-ylacetate, tetradiphon, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin, tetranactin, thiabendazole, thiacloprid, thiadiazole copper, thiamethoxam, thiapronil, ticlophos, thiofen, tidiazuron, tifluzamide, thiocarboxime, thiocyclam, thiocyclamHydrogen oxalate, thiodicarb, thiophanox, thiometon, thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl, thioquinox, thiosultap, thiosultap-disodium, thyram, thuringensin, thiadinyl, thiamurin, thioximide, tolchlorophos-methyl, tolfenpyrad, tolprocarb, tolfluanide, tralomethrin, transpermethrin, tretamine, triadimefone, triadimenol, triatene, triazamate, triazophos, triazoxide, tribuphos, trichlorfone, trichlormetaphos-3, trichloronato, Tricogramma species (spp.), triclabendazole, triclopyricarb, triciclazole, tridemorph, tryphenmorph, trifloxystrobin, triflumizole, triflumulon, triforin, trimedrua, trimedrua A, trimedrua B1, trimedrua B2, trimedrua C, trimetacarb, trinactin, trinexapac, trinexapac-ethyl, triplen, triticonazole, trunk-col, tulathromycin, typhlodromus occidentalis, uniconazole, uredepa, validamycin, valifenarate, bamidothion, vaniliprole, veratridine, veratrin, berbutin, Verticillium lecanii Lecanii), vinclozoline, XMC, xylenol, zeatin, zeta-cypermethrin, zhongshengmycin, zinc naphthenate, thiazole zinc, zineb, dilam, zolaprofos, and zoxamide.

[0064] Preferably, component (C) is selected from the group consisting of the following: prothioconazole, tebuconazole, mefentrifluconazole, metconazole, difenoconazole, cyproconazole, propiconazole, epoxyconazole, bromconazole, prochloraz, hexaconazole, flutriafoll, fenpropidine, fenpropimorph, spiroxamine, benzovindiflupir, cyclobutrifluram, fluxapiroxad, impilfluxam, isoflucipram, isopyrazam, fluopiram, bixafen, boscalid, fluindapir, methyltetraprole, azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, metminostrobin, fluoxastrobin, metharylpicoxamide, florylpicoxamide, zoxamide, flumethylsulfolim, methyl(Z)-2-( 5-Cyclopentyl-2-methylphenoxy)-3-methoxyprop-2-enoate and methyl(Z)-2-(5-cyclohexyl-2-methylphenoxy)-3-methoxyprop-2-enoate (these compounds can be prepared by the method described in International Publication No. 2020 / 193387), N-methoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide and N,2-dimethoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propanamide, or (R) or (S) enantiomers or mixtures thereof (these compounds can be prepared by the method described in International Publication No. 2017 / 055473), copper salts, sulfur, mancozeb, forpet, chlorothalonil, and phosphoric acid and its salts.

[0065] More preferably, component (C) is selected from the group consisting of: prothioconazole, mefentrifluconazole, difenoconazole, cyproconazole, fenpropidine, benzovindiflupyr, fluxapiroxade, isoflucipram, fluopyram, azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, metharylpicoxamide, methyl(Z)-2-(5-cyclopentyl-2-methylphenoxy)-3-methoxyprop-2-enoate and methyl(Z)-2-(5-cyclohexyl-2-methylphenoxy)-3-methoxyprop-2-enoate (these The compounds are N-methoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide and N,2-dimethoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propanamide, or their (R) or (S) enantiomers or mixtures (these compounds are available by the method described in International Publication 2017 / 055473), copper salts, mancozeb, and chlorothalonil.

[0066] In an embodiment of the present invention in which the composition comprises component (A), component (B), and component (C), the weight ratio of component (A), component (B), and component (C) can be selected from 20:1:1, 1:20:1, 1:1:20, 10:1:1, 1:10:1, 1:10:1, 1:1:10, 5:2:1, 2:1:5, 1:5:2, 5:1:1, 1:5:1, 1:1:5, 2:1:1, 1:2:1, 1:1:2, or 1:1:1.

[0067] Several compositions according to the present invention have systemic properties and can be used as fungicides for leaf, soil, and seed treatment.

[0068] The compositions according to the present invention can inhibit or eliminate plant pathogenic microorganisms that occur in plants or parts of plants (fruits, flowers, leaves, stems, tubers, roots) of different useful plants, while simultaneously protecting the parts of the plant that grow thereafter from attack by plant pathogenic microorganisms.

[0069] The compositions according to the present invention can be applied to plant pathogenic microorganisms, useful plants threatened by microbial attack, their habitats, their propagation materials, storage supplies, or technical materials.

[0070] The compositions according to the present invention can be applied before or after infection of useful plants, their propagation materials, storage products, or technical materials by microorganisms.

[0071] A further aspect of the present invention is a method for controlling diseases caused by plant pathogens on useful plants or their reproductive materials, comprising applying a composition according to the present invention to the useful plants, their habitat, or their reproductive materials. A preferred method involves applying the composition according to the present invention to useful plants or their habitat, more preferably to the useful plants. A more preferred method involves applying the composition according to the present invention to the reproductive materials of useful plants.

[0072] Throughout this specification, the term “composition” means, for example, a combined spray mixture such as a “tank mix” consisting of separate formulations of a single active ingredient in a single “ready-mix” form, and various mixtures or combinations of components (A) and (B) in combination when applied sequentially, i.e., over a moderately short period of time such as a few hours or a few days. The order in which components (A) and (B) are applied is not important for carrying out the present invention.

[0073] The combination of active ingredients is effective against harmful microorganisms that cause plant pathogenic diseases, particularly plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria.

[0074] The combination of active ingredients may be particularly effective against plant pathogenic fungi belonging to the following classifications: Ascomycetes (e.g., Venturia, Podosphaera, Erysiphe, Monilinia, Mycosphaerella, Uncinula); Basidiomycetes (e.g., Hemileia, Rhizoctonia, Phakopsora, Puccinia, Ustilago, Tilletia); Imperfect fungi Imperfecti (also known as Deuteromycetes; e.g., Botrytis, Helminthosporium, Rhynchosporium, Fusarium, Septoria, Cercospora, Alternaria, Pyricularia, and Pseudocercosporella); Oomycetes (e.g., Phytophthora, Peronospora, Pseudoperonospora, Albugo, Bremia, Pythium, Pseudosclerospora, Plasmopara)). Preferably, the compositions of the present invention are effective against and can be used against plant pathogenic fungi belonging to the following genera: Septoria, Mycosphaerella, Pyricularia, Pyrenophora, Colletotrichum, Uncinula, Venturia, Ramularia, Erysiphe, Puccinia, or Phakopsora.In particular, from these genera, there are plant pathogenic fungi such as Septoria tritici, Mycosphaerella arachidis, Pyricularia oryzae, Pyrenophora teres, Colletotrichum lagenarium, Venturia inaequalis, or Ramularia collo-cygni.

[0075] According to the present invention, “useful plants” typically include the following plant species: grapevines; cereals, e.g., wheat, barley, rye, or oats; beets, e.g., sugar beets or fodder beets; fruits, e.g., pomes, drupes, or soft fruits, e.g., apples, pears, plums, peas, almonds, cherries, strawberries, raspberries, or blackberries; legumes, e.g., beans, lentils, peas, or soybeans; oil plants, e.g., rapeseed, mustard, poppies, olives, sunflowers, coconuts, castor beans, cocoa beans, or ground nuts; cucumber plants, e.g., mallow , cucumber, or melon; fiber plants, e.g., cotton, flax, hemp, or jute; citrus fruits, e.g., orange, lemon, grapefruit, or mandarin; vegetables, e.g., spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbage, carrot, onion, tomato, potato, melon, or bell pepper; laurel plants, e.g., avocado, cinnamon, or camphor; corn; tobacco; nuts (including peanuts); coffee; sugarcane; tea; vines; hops; durian; banana; natural rubber plants; lawns or ornamental plants, e.g., flowers (including roses), shrubs, broad-leaved trees, or evergreen plants, e.g., conifers. This list does not represent any limitation, however, preferably, useful plants may be selected from the group consisting of wheat, barley, rice, soybeans, apples, grapes, cucumbers, peanuts, or bananas. More preferably, the useful plant is soybeans.

[0076] The term "useful plants" should be understood to include useful plants that have been given resistance to herbicides such as bromoxynil, or to certain classes of herbicides (e.g., HPPD inhibitors, ALS inhibitors, e.g., primisulfuron, prosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron, EPSPS (5-enol-pyrovir-shikimate-3-phosphate-synthase) inhibitors, GS (glutamine synthetase) inhibitors, etc.) through conventional crossbreeding or genetic engineering methods. An example of a crop that has been given resistance to imidazolinones, e.g., imazamox, through conventional breeding (muta introduction) methods is Clearfield® summer rapeseed (canola). Examples of crops that have been given resistance to herbicides or herbicide classifications by genetic engineering methods include glyphosate and glufosinate-resistant maize varieties marketed under trade names such as RoundupReady®, Herculex I®, and LibertyLink®.

[0077] The term "useful plants" should be understood to include useful plants that have been transformed using recombinant DNA technology to enable the synthesis of one or more selectively acting toxins, such as those derived from toxin-producing bacteria, particularly those of the Bacillus genus.

[0078] Toxins that can be expressed by such genetically modified plants include, for example, insecticidal proteins, such as those derived from Bacillus cereus or Bacillus popliae; or insecticidal proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as δ-endotoxins like CryIA(b), CryIA(c), CryIF, CryIF(a2), CryIIA(b), CryIIIA, CryIIIB(b1), or Cry9c; or vegetative insecticidal proteins (VIPs) such as VIP1, VIP2, VIP3, or VIP3A; or species of the genus Photorhabdus, such as Photorhabdus luminescens and Xenorhabdus nematophilus. Insecticidal proteins of nematode-symbiotic bacteria such as Xenorhabdus spp. or species of the genus Xenorhabdus; toxins produced by animals such as scorpion toxin, spider toxin, large wasp (wasp) toxin and other insect-specific neurotoxins; toxins produced by fungi such as Streptomycete toxin, plant lectins such as pea lectin, barley lectin or snowdrop lectin; aglutinin; proteinase inhibitors such as trypsin inhibitors, serine protease inhibitors, patain, cystatin, and papain inhibitors; lysine, Examples include ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) such as maize-RIP, abrin, rufin, saporin, or briodin; steroid metabolic enzymes such as 3-hydroxysteroid xidase, ecdysteroid-UDP-glycosyl-transferase, cholesterol oxidase, ecdysone inhibitors, and HMG-COA-reductase; ion channel blockers such as sodium or calcium blockers; larval hormone esterases; diuretic hormone receptors; stilbene synthase, bibenzyl synthase, chitinase, and glucanase.

[0079] In relation to the present invention, it should be understood that δ-endotoxins such as CryIA(b), CryIA(c), CryIF, CryIF(a2), CryIIA(b), CryIIIA, CryIIIB(b1), or Cry9c, or vegetative insecticidal proteins (VIPs) such as VIP1, VIP2, VIP3, or VIP3A, are also hybrid toxins, cleavage toxins, and modified toxins. Hybrid toxins are recombinantly produced by novel combinations of different domains of these proteins (see, for example, International Publication No. 02 / 15701). An example of a cleavage toxin is cleavage CryIA(b) expressed in Bt11 maize from Syngenta Seed SAS, as described below. In the case of modified toxins, one or more amino acids of a naturally occurring toxin are replaced. In such amino acid substitutions, preferably, a protease recognition sequence that does not exist naturally is inserted into the toxin. For example, in the case of CryIIIA055, a cathepsin D-recognition sequence is inserted into the CryIIIA toxin (see International Publication No. 03 / 018810).

[0080] Examples of such toxins or transgenic plants capable of synthesizing such toxins are disclosed, for example, in European Patent Publication No. 0374753, International Publication No. 93 / 07278, International Publication No. 95 / 34656, European Patent Publication No. 0427529, European Patent Publication No. 451878, and International Publication No. 03 / 052073.

[0081] The processes for preparing such transgenic plants are generally known to those skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the publications mentioned above. CryI-type deoxyribonucleic acids and their preparations are known, for example, from International Publication No. 95 / 34656, European Patent Application Publication No. 0367474, European Patent Application Publication No. 0401979, and International Publication No. 90 / 13651.

[0082] The toxins contained in transgenic plants confer resistance to harmful insects. Such insects can exist in any of the insect taxa, but are typically found in beetles (Coleoptera), diptera (Diptera), and butterflies (Lepidoptera).

[0083] Transgenic plants containing one or more genes that encode insecticide resistance and express one or more toxins are known, and some of them are commercially available. Examples of such plants are as follows: YieldGard(registered trademark) (corn variety expressing CryIA(b) toxin); YieldGard Rootworm(registered trademark) (corn variety expressing CryIIIB(b1) toxin); YieldGard Plus(registered trademark) (corn variety expressing CryIA(b) and CryIIIB(b1) toxins); Starlink(registered trademark) (corn variety expressing Cry9(c) toxin); Herculex I(registered trademark) (corn variety expressing CryIF(a2) toxin and the enzyme phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase (PAT) to achieve resistance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium); NuCOTN 33B(registered trademark) (cotton variety expressing CryIA(c) toxin); Bollgard I(registered trademark) (cotton variety expressing CryIA(c) toxin); Bollgard II (registered trademark) (cotton varieties expressing CryIA(c) and CryIIA(b) toxins); VIPCOT (registered trademark) (cotton varieties expressing VIP toxin); NewLeaf (registered trademark) (potato varieties expressing CryIIIA toxin); NatureGard (registered trademark) and Protecta (registered trademark).

[0084] Further examples of such transgenic crops are as follows: 1. Bt11 Maize: Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de l'Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France, Registration No. C / FR / 96 / 05 / 10. Genetically modified maize (Zea mays) conferred resistance to the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides) through transgenic expression of cleavage-type CryIA(b) toxin. Bt11 maize also achieves resistance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium through transgenic expression of the enzyme PAT. 2. Bt176 Maize: Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de l'Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C / FR / 96 / 05 / 10. Genetically modified maize (Zea mays) conferred resistance to the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides) through transgenic expression of CryIA(b) toxin. Bt176 maize also achieves resistance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium through transgenic expression of the enzyme PAT. 3. MIR604 Maize:Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de l'Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C / FR / 96 / 05 / 10. Maize conferred insect resistance by transgenic expression of modified CryIIIA toxin. This toxin is Cry3A055 modified by insertion of a cathepsin-D-protease recognition sequence. The preparation of such transgenic maize plants is described in International Publication No. 03 / 018810. 4. MON 863 Maize: Monsanto Europe SA270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C / DE / 02 / 9. MON863 expresses CryIIIB(b1) toxin and has resistance to certain Coleopteran insects. 5. IPC 531 Cotton: Monsanto Europe SA270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, Registration No. C / ES / 96 / 02. 6. 1507 Maize: Pioneer Overseas Corporation, Avenue Tedesco, 7 B-1160 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C / NL / 00 / 10. Genetically modified maize for the expression of the protein Cry1F to achieve resistance to certain Lepidoptera insects, and for the expression of the PAT protein to achieve resistance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium. 7. NK603 X MON810 Maize: Monsanto Europe SA270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, Registration No. C / GB / 02 / M3 / 03. This is a conventional hybrid maize variety created by crossing the genetically modified varieties NK603 and MON 810. The NK603×MON810 maize transgenically expresses the protein CP4 EPSPS obtained from strain CP4 of a species of Agrobacterium sp., thereby conferring resistance to the herbicide Roundup® (containing glyphosate). It also transgenicly expresses the CryIA(b) toxin obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki, thereby providing resistance to certain lepidopteran insects, including the corn borer.

[0085] Transgenic crops of insect-resistant plants are also described in the BATS (Zentrum fuer Biosicherheit und Nachhaltigkeit, Zentrum BATS, Clarastrasse 13, 4058 Basel, Switzerland) Report 2003 (http: / / bats.ch).

[0086] The term “useful plants” should be understood to include useful plants that have been genetically modified using DNA recombination technology to enable the synthesis of selectively acting antipathogenic substances, such as so-called “infection-specific proteins” (PRPs, see, for example, European Patent Application Publication No. 0 392 225). Examples of such antipathogenic substances and transgenic plants capable of synthesizing such substances are known, for example, from European Patent Application Publication No. 0 392 225, International Publication No. 95 / 33818, and European Patent Application Publication No. 0 353 191. Methods for producing such transgenic plants are generally known to those skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the aforementioned publications.

[0087] Examples of antipathogenic substances that may be expressed by such transgenic plants include ion channel blockers, such as sodium and calcium channel blockers, such as viral KP1, KP4, or KP6 toxins, stilbenzyl synthase, vibenzyl synthase, chitinase, glucanase, so-called "pathogenicity-associated proteins" (PRPs, see, for example, European Patent Application Publication No. 0392225), antipathogenic substances produced by microorganisms, such as peptide antibiotics or heterocyclic antibiotics (see, for example, International Publication No. 95 / 33818), or proteins or polypeptide factors involved in plant pathogen defense (so-called "plant disease resistance genes," as described in International Publication No. 03 / 000906).

[0088] As used herein, the term “location” of a useful plant is intended to include the location where the useful plant is growing, where the plant propagation material for the useful plant is planted, or where the plant propagation material for the useful plant is to be placed in the soil. An example of such location is a field where a crop plant is growing.

[0089] The term "plant propagation material" is understood to refer to plant reproductive parts such as seeds, and vegetative propagation materials such as cuttings or tubers, which can be used for plant propagation, such as potatoes. Examples include (strictly speaking) seeds, roots, fruits, tubers, bulbs, rhizomes, and parts of plants. Also, germinated plants and seedlings that will be transplanted after germination or emergence from the soil may be mentioned. These seedlings may be protected before transplantation by total or partial treatment by immersion. Preferably, "plant propagation material" is understood to mean seeds.

[0090] A further aspect of the present invention is a method for protecting natural substances derived from plants and / or animals, and / or processed forms thereof, from fungal attack, comprising applying a combination of components (A) and (B) to the natural substances derived from plants and / or animals, or processed forms thereof.

[0091] According to the present invention, the term “plant-derived natural substance obtained from the natural life cycle” means a plant or a part thereof in its freshly harvested form, harvested from the natural life cycle. Examples of such plant-derived natural substances are stems, leaves, tubers, seeds, fruits, or grains. According to the present invention, the term “processed form of plant-derived natural substance” is understood to indicate a form of plant-derived natural substance that is the result of a modification process. Such modification processes can be used to convert plant-derived natural substances into a more storable form (storage commodity) of such substance. Examples of such modification processes are pre-drying, wetting, crushing, grinding, grinding, compression, and roasting. Furthermore, the definition of processed form of plant-derived natural substance includes wood, whether in the form of raw wood (such as building timber, power transmission towers, and fences) or in the form of finished products (such as furniture or wood products).

[0092] According to the present invention, the term "natural substances of animal origin taken from the natural life cycle and / or processed forms thereof" is understood to mean animal-derived materials such as skin, raw hide, leather, fur, and hair, and not materials present in living animals. Therefore, the present invention does not extend to methods for treating living animals.

[0093] The combination according to the present invention can prevent undesirable effects such as decay, discoloration, or mold growth.

[0094] A preferred embodiment is a method for protecting plant-derived natural substances and / or processed forms thereof from fungal attack, comprising applying a combination of components (A) and (B) in a synergistically effective amount to the plant and / or animal-derived natural substances or processed forms thereof.

[0095] A further preferred embodiment is a method for preserving fruits harvested from the natural life cycle, such as pome, drupe, or gummy fruit and citrus fruits, and / or processed forms thereof, comprising applying a combination of components (A) and (B) to the fruits and / or processed forms thereof in a synergistically effective amount.

[0096] The combination of the present invention can also be used in the field of protecting industrial materials from fungal attacks. According to the present invention, the term “industrial materials” refers to non-biological materials prepared for industrial use. For example, industrial materials intended to be protected from fungal attacks may be adhesives, glues, paper, cardboard, fabrics, carpets, leather, wood, structures, paints, plastic articles, cooling lubricants, aqueous working fluids, and other materials that may be susceptible to extrinsic or decomposition by microorganisms. Cooling and heating systems, ventilation and air conditioning systems and components of production plants, such as cooling water circulation paths that may be damaged by microbial growth, may also be listed as materials to be protected. The combination of the present invention can prevent adverse effects such as decay, discoloration, or mold.

[0097] The combination of the present invention can also be used in the field of protecting industrial raw materials from fungal attacks. According to the present invention, the term "industrial raw materials" includes paper, carpets, buildings, cooling and heating systems, wall panels, ventilation and air conditioning systems, and the like. The combination of the present invention can prevent adverse effects such as decay, discoloration, or mold.

[0098] The combination according to the present invention is particularly effective against powdery mildew; rust; spotted seeds; summer blight and fungi; especially Septoria, Puccinia, Erysiphe, Pyrenophora and Tapesia in grains; Phakopsora in soybeans; Hemileia in coffee; Phragmidium in roses; Alternaria in potatoes, tomatoes and cucurbits; Sclerotinia in lawns, vegetables, sunflowers and rapeseed; black rot, downy mildew, powdery mildew, gray mold and blight in grapes; Botrytis cinerea in fruits; and Monilinia and Penicillium species in fruits.

[0099] The combination according to the present invention includes species of the genus Alternaria, Ascochyta, Botrytis cinerea, Cercospora, Claviceps purpurea, Cochliobolus sativus, Colletotrichum, Epicoccum, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium oxysporum, and Fusarium praliferatum. Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium subglutinans, Gaeumannomyces graminis, species of Helminthosporium, Microdochium nivale (wheat red mold), species of Phoma, Pyrenophora graminea, Pyricularia oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani (rice sheath blight), Rhizoctonia cerealis, species of Sclerotinia, species of Septoria (spp.), Sphacelotheca reilliana, species of the genus Tilletia, Typhula incarnata, Urocystis occulta, species of the genus Ustilago, or species of the genus Verticillium.It is particularly effective against seed-borne and soil-borne diseases such as those affecting wheat, barley, rye, or oats; corn; rice; cotton; soybeans; turfgrass; sugar beets; rapeseed; potatoes; cereals such as peas, lentils, or chickpeas; and sunflowers.

[0100] The combination according to the present invention includes Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum musae, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium semitecum, Geotrichum candidum, Monilinia fructicola, Monilinia fructigena, Monilinia laxa, Mucor piriformis, Penicillium italicum, Penicillium solitum, green fungus (Penicillium digitatum), or Penicillium exopansum. It is particularly effective against post-harvest diseases such as those caused by expansum, and especially against pathogens of pome fruits such as apples and pears, stone fruits such as peaches and plums, citrus fruits, melons, papayas, kiwis, mangoes, berries such as strawberries, avocados, pomegranates, and bananas, as well as other fruits and nuts.

[0101] The amount of the combination according to the present invention to be applied will depend on various factors such as the compound used; the target of treatment, such as plants, soil, or seeds; the type of treatment, such as spraying, dusting, or seed coating; the purpose of the treatment, such as prevention or treatment; the type of fungus to be controlled; or the application time.

[0102] Compositions containing component (A) in combination with component (B) can be, for example, in a single "pre-mixed" form, as a composite spray mixture such as a "tank mixture" composed of individual formulations of a single active ingredient, and in combination with a single active ingredient when applied sequentially, i.e., over a moderately short period of time such as a few hours or a few days. The order in which the compound of component (A) and the active ingredient of component (B) are applied is not important for the action of the present invention.

[0103] Some of the compositions according to the present invention have systemic properties and can be used as fungicides for leaf, soil, and seed treatment.

[0104] The compositions according to the present invention can inhibit or eliminate plant pathogenic microorganisms that occur in plants or parts of plants (fruits, flowers, leaves, stems, tubers, roots) of different useful plants, while simultaneously protecting the parts of the plant that grow thereafter from attack by plant pathogenic microorganisms.

[0105] The compositions of the present invention are of particular interest for controlling numerous fungi in various useful plants or their seeds, especially in crops such as potatoes, tobacco and sugar beets, as well as wheat, rye, barley, oats, rice, maize, turf, cotton, soybeans, rapeseed, cereals, sunflowers, coffee, sugarcane, fruits and ornamental plants in horticulture and viticulture, and vegetables such as cucumbers, beans and melons.

[0106] The compositions according to the present invention are applied by treating fungi, useful plants, their habitats, their reproductive materials, natural substances derived from plants and / or animals collected from the natural life cycle and / or processed forms thereof, or industrial materials exposed to the threat of fungi, with a combination of components (A) and (B), preferably in a synergistically effective amount.

[0107] The compositions according to the present invention can be applied before or after fungal infection of useful plants, their reproductive materials, natural substances derived from plants and / or animals collected from the natural life cycle, and / or processed forms thereof, or industrial materials.

[0108] The composition according to the present invention is an active ingredient that is useful preventively and / or therapeutically in the field of pest control, even at low application rates.

[0109] When applied to useful plants, pidiflumetofen is applied in amounts of 5-2000 g ai / ha, especially 10-1000 g ai / ha, for example 25, 50, 75, 100, or 200 g ai / ha, accompanied by fluphenoxadiazam in amounts of 1-5000 g ai / ha, especially 2-2000 g ai / ha, for example 25, 50, 75, 100, 250, 500, 800, 1000, or 1500 g ai / ha.

[0110] In agricultural applications, the application rate of the composition according to the present invention depends on the type of effect desired, and is typically in the range of 20 to 4000 g of the entire combination per hectare.

[0111] When the composition of the present invention is used for seed treatment, amounts of 0.001 to 50 g, preferably 0.01 to 10 g, of pidflumetofen and 0.001 to 50 g, preferably 0.01 to 10 g, of fluphenoxadiazam per kg of seed are generally sufficient.

[0112] The present invention also provides a fungicidal composition comprising, in a synergistically effective amount, the combination of pidflumetofen and flufenoxadiazam, together with an agriculturally acceptable carrier and optionally a surfactant. In the composition, the mass ratio of pidflumetofen to flufenoxadiazam is preferably 1000:1 to 1:1000, more preferably as described herein.

[0113] The compositions of the present invention may be any of the conventional forms, for example, two-component systems, dry seed treatment powder (DS), seed treatment emulsion (ES), seed treatment fluid concentrate (FS), seed treatment solution (LS), seed treatment water-dispersible powder (WS), seed treatment capsule suspension (CF), seed treatment gel (GF), emulsion concentrate (EC), suspension concentrate (SC), suspension emulsion (SE), capsule suspension (CS), water-dispersible granules (WG), emulsifying granules It may be employed in the form of any technically feasible formulation, such as granules (EG), emulsions, water-in-oil (EO), emulsions, oil-in-water (EW), microemulsions (ME), oil dispersions (OD), oil-miscible flowables (OF), oil-miscible liquids (OL), soluble concentrates (SL), ultra-low volume suspensions (SU), ultra-low volume liquids (UL), industrial concentrates (TK), dispersible concentrates (DC), wettable powders (WP), or in combination with agriculturally acceptable adjuvants.

[0114] Such compositions can be produced by conventional methods, for example, by mixing an active ingredient with a suitable inert formulation (diluent, solvent, filler, and optionally other formulations, such as surfactants, biocides, antifreezes, spreading agents, thickeners, and compounds that provide auxiliary effects). Conventional sustained-release formulations can also be used when sustained effectiveness over a long period is desired. In particular, formulations applied in spray form, such as water-dispersible concentrates (e.g., EC, SC, DC, OD, SE, EW, EO, etc.), wettable powders, and granules, may contain surfactants, such as wetting agents and dispersants, and other compounds that provide auxiliary effects, such as formaldehyde, and condensation products of naphthalene sulfonates, alkylaryl sulfonates, lignin sulfonates, fatty alkyl sulfates, and ethoxylated alkylphenols and ethoxylated fatty alcohols.

[0115] The seed coating formulation is applied to seeds in a manner known to the present invention, using the combination and diluents of the present invention, in a suitable seed coating formulation form, for example, as an aqueous suspension, or in a dry powder form with good adhesion to seeds. Such seed coating formulations are known in the art. The seed coating formulation may contain a single active ingredient, or a combination of active ingredients in encapsulated form, for example, as a slow-release capsule or microcapsule.

[0116] Generally, the formulation comprises 0.01 to 90% by weight of an activator, 0 to 20% of an agriculturally acceptable surfactant, and 10 to 99.99% of inert substances and auxiliary agents for solid or liquid formulations, wherein the activator consists of at least a compound of formula I together with components (B) and (C), and optionally other activators, particularly microbiotacitists or preservatives. The concentrated form of the composition generally contains about 2 to 80% by weight, preferably about 5 to 70% by weight of the activator. The application form of the formulation may contain, for example, 0.01 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight of the activator. Commercial products will preferably be formulated as concentrates, but end users will usually use diluted formulations. [Examples]

[0117] Biological examples The compositions according to the present invention are tested for their biological (fungicidal) activity as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions using one or more of the following protocols (e.g., Examples 2 and 3). A standard description of the liquid culture test is given in Example 1.

[0118] Example 1: Liquid culture medium test in a well plate A freshly prepared or chilled fungal mycelial fraction or conidial suspension from a fungal liquid medium is directly mixed with a nutrient liquid medium. A DMSO solution of the test compound (maximum 10 mg / mL) is diluted 50-fold with 0.025% Tween20, and 10 μL of this solution is pipetted into a microtiter plate (96-well type). Then, nutrient broth containing fungal spores / mycelium is added to obtain the final concentration of the test compound. The test plate is incubated in the dark at 24°C and 96% relative humidity (rh). Inhibition of fungal growth is determined by photometric and visual methods after 3-7 days according to the pathogen response system, and the antifungal activity percentage is calculated by comparing it with an untreated comparison.

[0119] Example 2: Phakopsora pachyrhizi (soybean rust): All soybean plants are treated with the listed active ingredients four weeks after sowing. One day after spraying, leaf discs are cut from the first three leaves. Five repetitions are performed at each ratio. The leaf discs are inoculated with Phakopsora pachyrhizi (Asian soybean rust) one day after treatment. The leaf discs are evaluated 11 days after sowing, and activity is derived from the relationship between treated and untreated ectoparasitic subjects. The ratio of active ingredients used is shown in Table 1 as g active ingredient (ai) / ha.

[0120] [Table 1-1] [Table 1-2]

[0121] Example 3: Erysiphe diffusa (soybean powdery mildew): All soybean plants are treated with the listed active ingredients four weeks after sowing. One day after spraying, leaf discs are cut from the first three leaves. Five repetitions are performed at each ratio. Leaf discs are inoculated with Erysiphe diffusa (soybean powdery mildew) one day after treatment. Leaf discs are evaluated 11–14 days after sowing, and activity is derived from the relationship between treated and untreated ectoparasitic subjects.

[0122] Example 4: Puccinia recondita (brown rust): All soybean plants are treated with the listed active ingredients two weeks after sowing. This is repeated nine times at each ratio. One day after treatment, the plants are inoculated with Puccinia recondita (brown rust). Evaluation is performed 12 days after sowing, and activity is derived from the relationship between treated and untreated ectoparasitic subjects. The ratios of active ingredients used are shown in Table 2 as g active ingredient (ai) / ha.

[0123] [Table 2-1] [Table 2-2]

Claims

1. A fungicidal composition comprising a mixture of component (A) and component (B) as an active ingredient, wherein component (A) is pidflumetofen and component (B) is fluphenoxadiazam, or a pesticide-acceptable salt thereof, N-oxide, diastereoisomer, enantiomer, or tautomer.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein components (A) and (B) are present in synergistically effective amounts.

3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the weight ratio of (A) to (B) is 50:1 to 1:50, preferably 10:1 to 1:

10.

4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the weight ratio of (A) to (B) is 5:1 to 1:5, preferably 4:1 to 1:

4.

5. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the weight ratio of (A) to (B) is 2:1 to 1:

2.

6. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an agriculturally acceptable carrier and / or formulation aid, and optionally a surfactant.

7. A method for controlling diseases caused by plant pathogens in useful plants or their reproductive materials, comprising applying the composition described in any one of claims 1 to 6 to the useful plants, their habitat, or their reproductive materials.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the useful plant is soybean.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the plant pathogen is a species of the genus Phakopsora (Phakopsora sp.).

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the plant pathogen is Phakopsora pachyrhizi.

11. The method according to claim 7, wherein the useful plant is wheat.

12. The method according to claim 7 or 11, wherein the plant pathogen is a species of the genus Puccinia (Puccinia sp.).

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the plant pathogen is Puccinia recondita.

14. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 13, wherein components (A) and (B) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are applied sequentially.

15. Use of a composition containing component (A) and component (B) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 as a fungicide.

16. A method for protecting natural substances derived from plants and / or animals taken from the natural life cycle, and / or processed forms thereof, comprising applying a combination of components (A) and (B) described in any one of claims 1 to 6 to the natural substances derived from plants and / or animals, or processed forms thereof.

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