Microlens display device for use in augmented reality systems
Patent Information
- Application Number
- JP2026512391
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-08-29
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-01
Smart Images
Figure 2026529709000001_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001]
[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to augmented reality (AR) systems. More specifically, embodiments described herein provide an AR projection system and an AR device comprising the projection system.
Background Art
[0002] Description of Related Art
[0002] Virtual reality is generally considered a computer-generated simulated environment in which a user has an apparent physical presence. A virtual reality experience may be generated in 3D and viewed using a head-mounted display (HMD), such as glasses or other wearable display devices, that has a near-eye display panel as a lens for displaying a virtual reality environment that replaces a real physical environment.
[0003]
[0003] However, in experiences enabled by augmented reality, while a user can view the surrounding environment by looking through the display lens of glasses or other HMD devices, the user can also view images of virtual objects generated for the display that appear as part of the environment. A typical augmented reality system includes a microdisplay that projects an optical image onto an input coupler of a waveguide. The waveguide reflects light to an output coupler, through which the waveguide outputs and couples the optical image. Reflections within the waveguide result in non-uniform reflection paths of the optical image, which reduces the quality of the optical image after output coupling.
[0004]
[0004] Therefore, there is a need in the art for an AR projection system that maintains uniform reflection paths within a waveguide.
Summary of Invention
[0005]
[0005] Embodiments of this disclosure generally relate to augmented reality (AR) systems. More specifically, embodiments described herein provide AR projection systems and AR devices having projection systems.
[0006]
[0006] In one or more embodiments, the augmented reality device includes a projection system. The projection system includes an optical engine. The optical engine includes pixels. Each pixel includes an emitting surface. Microlenses are coupled to the emitting surfaces of the pixels. The projection system further includes projection lenses configured to refract first light emitted by the pixels. The first light has a first pupil length defined by the distance between a first end and a second end of the first light. The augmented reality device further includes a waveguide including an input coupler configured to input-couple the first light with a first reflect length equal to the first pupil length.
[0007]
[0007] In one or more embodiments, the augmented reality device includes a projection system. The projection system includes a light engine including a plurality of pixels. The plurality of pixels include a first pixel configured to emit first light in a first spectrum, and a second pixel configured to emit second light in a second spectrum. The light engine further includes a plurality of microlenses, including a first microlens coupled to a first light-emitting surface of the first pixel, and a second microlens coupled to a second light-emitting surface of the second pixel. The light engine further includes a projection lens configured to refract the first light and the second light. The first light has a first pupil length, and the second light has a second pupil length. The augmented reality device further includes a waveguide including an input coupler configured to input-couple the first light and the second light. The first light is input-coupled with a first reflect length equal to the first pupil length, and the second light is input-coupled with a second reflect length equal to the second pupil length.
[0008]
[0008] In one or more embodiments, the method for projecting light includes emitting light from a pixel to a microlens and refracting light from the microlens to a projection lens. The light has a first cone angle. The method further includes refracting light from the projection lens to an input coupler of a waveguide. The light has a pupil length. The pupil length is defined by the distance between a first end of the light and a second end of the light. The second end of the light is emitted at the inner edge of the input coupler. The method further includes reflecting the light in the waveguide toward an output coupler of the waveguide, the light having a reflection length. The reflection length and the pupil length are equal.
[0009]
[0009] To enable a more detailed understanding of the features of the present disclosure described above, a more specific description of the present disclosure, which has been briefly summarized above, can be obtained by referring to embodiments, some of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the accompanying drawings show only exemplary embodiments and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present disclosure, and other equally valid embodiments are also permissible. [Brief explanation of the drawing]
[0010] [Figure 1]
[0010] This is a perspective front view of a waveguide according to one or more embodiments. [Figure 2]
[0011] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an augmented reality device having a projection system and a waveguide input coupler, according to one or more embodiments. [Figure 3A-3C]
[0012] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an operational augmented reality device according to one or more embodiments. [Figure 4]
[0013] This is a wavenumber space (k-space) diagram of a waveguide for an augmented reality device according to one or more embodiments. [Modes for carrying out the invention]
[0011]
[0014] For ease of understanding, the same reference numerals were used where possible to indicate identical elements common to multiple figures. It is assumed that elements and features of one embodiment can be usefully incorporated into other embodiments without further description.
[0012]
[0015] Embodiments of this disclosure generally relate to augmented reality (AR) systems. More specifically, embodiments described herein provide AR projection systems and AR devices having the projection system.
[0013]
[0016] Figure 1 is a perspective front view of a waveguide 100 according to one or more embodiments. It should be understood that the waveguide 100 described herein is an exemplary waveguide, and other waveguides may be used together or modified to achieve the embodiments of this disclosure. The waveguide 100 includes a plurality of structures 102. The structures 102 may be located above, below, or above the first surface 103 of the substrate 101, or may be located within the substrate 101. The structures 102 are nanostructures having submicron critical dimensions, e.g., a width of less than 1 micrometer. The region of the structure 102 corresponds to one or more grids 104. Any of the grids 104 may be located above, below, or above the first surface 103, or above, below, or above the second surface 105 opposite the first surface 103. In one embodiment, which can be combined with other embodiments described herein, the waveguide 100 includes at least an input coupler 104a corresponding to an input coupling grid ("input coupler") and an output coupler 104c corresponding to an output coupling grid ("output coupler"). In another embodiment, which can be combined with other embodiments described herein, the waveguide 100 further includes a pupil dilator 104b, which corresponds to a pupil dilation grid ("pupil dilator") or folded grid.
[0014]
[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an augmented reality device 200 according to one or more embodiments. The augmented reality device 200 includes a projection system 201. The projection system includes an optical engine 202, a projection lens 204, and a plurality of microlenses 205A, 205B, 205C. The optical engine 202 includes at least a first pixel 203A, a second pixel 203B, and a third pixel 203C. In one or more embodiments, the first pixel 203A, the second pixel 203B, and the third pixel 203C each include individual subpixels. In one or more embodiments, the first pixel 203A, the second pixel 203B, and the third pixel 203C are subpixels that together form a single pixel. In one or more embodiments, a first pixel 203A is configured to emit a first light L1 from a first light-emitting surface 206A, a second pixel 203B is configured to emit a second light L2 from a second light-emitting surface 206B, and a third pixel 203C is configured to emit a third light L3 from a third light-emitting surface 206C. In one or more embodiments, the first light L1, the second light L2, and the third light L3 form a light cone when emitted from the first pixel 203A, the second pixel 203B, and the third pixel 203C, respectively. The first light L1 has a first spectrum. In one or more embodiments, the first spectrum corresponds to red light. The second light L2 has a second spectrum. In one or more embodiments, the second spectrum corresponds to green light. The third light L3 has a third spectrum. In one or more embodiments, the third spectrum corresponds to blue light. It should be understood that the light engine 202 may contain any number of pixels. Each pixel 203A, 203B, 203C may be configured to emit light rays in any desired spectrum. For example, each pixel 203A, 203B, 203C may be configured to emit blue light having the same wavelength as each other. In one or more embodiments, each pixel 203A, 203B, 203C emits light having different wavelengths than each other.
[0015]
[0018] Each pixel 203A, 203B, and 203C contains a microlens positioned above the pixel. The microlens is an optical lens with a diameter of less than 1 millimeter (mm) that helps to adjust the light emitted by each individual pixel 203A, 203B, and 203C. The first pixel 203A contains the first microlens 205A, the second pixel 203B contains the second microlens 205B, and the third pixel 203C contains the third microlens 205C. The first microlens 205A causes the first light L1 to emit at a first cone angle θ1. The second microlens 205B causes the second light L2 to emit at a second cone angle θ2. The third microlens 205C causes the third light L3 to emit at a third cone angle θ3.
[0016]
[0019] The first light L1, the second light L2, and the third light L3 are directed into the projector lens 204 by the first microlens 205A, the second microlens 205B, and the third microlens 205C, respectively. In one or more embodiments, the first light L1, the second light L2, and the third light L3 are rays after refracting by the projector lens. After the first light L1 leaves the projector lens 204, it is directed towards the input coupler 104a of the waveguide 100. The first light L1 is refracted within the projector lens 204 to have a first pupil length P1. The first pupil length P1 is defined by the distance between the first end 220A of the first light L1 and the second end 220B of the first light L1 opposite the first end. The second end 220B of the first light beam L1 is the end of the ray that contacts the inner edge 225 of the input coupler 104a. The first pupil length P1 is adjustable by adjusting the first cone angle θ1 from which the first light beam L1 is emitted. The first cone angle θ1 can be set by adjusting the first microlens 205A. The first light beam L1 moves from the projector lens 204 to the input coupler 104a. The input coupler 104a is aligned with the first light beam L1 such that the second end 220B aligns with the inner edge 225 of the input coupler 104a.
[0017]
[0020] After the second light L2 exits the projector lens 204, the second light L2 is directed towards the input coupler 104a. The second light L2 is refracted within the projector lens 204 so as to have a second pupil length P2. The second pupil length P2 is defined by the distance between the first end 221A and the second end 221B of the second light L2. The second pupil length P2 is adjustable by adjusting the second cone angle θ2 from which the second light L2 is emitted. The second cone angle θ2 can be controlled by adjusting the second microlens 205B. The second light L2 moves from the projector lens 204 to the input coupler 104a. The input coupler 104a is aligned with the second light L2 such that the second end 221B aligns with the inner edge 225 of the input coupler 104a.
[0018]
[0021] The third light, L3, is refracted within the projector lens 204 so as to have a third pupil length P3. The third pupil length P3 is defined by the distance between the first end 222A and the second end 222B of the third light, L3. The pupil length L3 is adjustable by adjusting the third cone angle θ3 from which the third light, L3, is emitted. The third cone angle θ3 can be controlled by adjusting the third microlens 205C. The third light, L3, moves from the projector lens 204 to the input coupler 104a. The input coupler 104a is aligned with the third light, L3, such that the second end 222B aligns with the inner edge 225 of the input coupler 104a.
[0019]
[0022] The first light L1, the second light L2, and the third light L3 are directed towards the input coupler 104a by the projector lens 204. After the first light L1 enters the input coupler 104a, the first light L1 is refracted into the substrate 101. The first light L1 is reflected into the substrate 101 with a first reflection length B1. The first reflection length B1 is defined by the distance between a first point 230 where the first end 220A of the first light L1 enters the substrate 101 on the first surface 103, and a second point 231 where the first end 220A contacts the first surface 103 after completing one reflection against the second surface 105. The second end 220B of the first light L1 enters the substrate at the second point 231. The first reflection length B1 is determined by the first spectrum of the first light L1 and the first input angle θA at which the first light L1 enters the input coupler 104a. The first reflection length B1 is substantially equal to the first pupil length P1. Thus, after the first end 220A completes one reflection against the second surface 105, the first end 220A and the second end 220B of the first light L1 overlap while they are in the substrate 101.
[0020]
[0023] After the second light L2 enters the input coupler 104a, the second light L2 is refracted into the substrate 101. The second light L2 is reflected into the substrate 101 with a second reflection length B2. The second reflection length B2 is defined by the distance between a first point 232 where the first end 221A of the second light L2 enters the substrate 101 on the first surface 103, and a second point 231 where the first end 221A contacts the first surface 103 after completing one reflection against the second surface 105. The second end 221B of the second light L2 enters the substrate 101 at the second point 231. The second reflection length B2 is determined by the second spectrum of the second light L2 and the second input angle θB at which the second light L2 enters the input coupler 104a. The second reflection length B2 is equal to the second pupil length P2. Therefore, after the first end 221A completes one reflection against the second surface 105, the first end 221A and the second end 221B of the second light L2 overlap while they are within the substrate 101.
[0021]
[0024] After the third light L3 enters the input coupler 104a, the third light L3 is refracted into the substrate 101. The third light L3 is reflected into the substrate 101 with a third reflection length B3. The third reflection length B3 is defined by the distance between a first point 233 where the first end 222A of the third light L3 enters the substrate 101 on the first surface 103, and a second point 231 where the first end 222A contacts the first surface 103 after completing one reflection against the second surface 105. The second end 222B of the third light L3 enters the substrate at the second point 231. The third reflection length B3 is determined by the third spectrum of the third light L3 and the third input angle θC at which the third light L3 enters the input coupler 104a. The third reflection length B3 is equal to the third pupil length P3. Therefore, after the first end 222A completes one reflection against the second surface 105, the first end 222A and the second end 222B of the third light L3 overlap while they are within the substrate 101.
[0022]
[0025] The second point 231 is aligned with the inner edge 225 of the input coupler 104a. The alignment of the inner edge 225 with the second point 231 ensures that the rays L1, L2, and L3 do not reflect back into the input coupler 104a. If the rays L1, L2, and L3 reflect back into the input coupler 104a, some of the light from the rays L1, L2, and L3 will be reflected from the waveguide 100, reducing the efficiency of the augmented reality device 200. In addition, if the rays L1, L2, and L3 reflect back into the input coupler 104a, some of the light will be refracted back into the substrate 101. The light refracted back into the substrate 101 is offset from the rays L1, L2, and L3, creating a ghost image for the user. The pupil lengths P1, P2, and P3 are adjusted to ensure that the pupil lengths P1, P2, and P3 are equal to their respective reflect lengths B1, B2, and B3. For example, the first pupil length P1 can be adjusted by adjusting the first microlens 205A so that the first pupil length P1 is equal to the first reflect length B1. The first microlens 205A is operable to emit a first light L1 having a first spectrum, and the first light L1 is emitted at a first cone angle θ1 that results in a first pupil length P1 equal to the first reflect length B1. The first microlens 205A is sized and shaped to emit the first light L1 having a first spectrum. The second pupil length P2 can be adjusted by adjusting the second microlens 205B so that the second pupil length P2 is equal to the second reflect length B2. The second microlens 205B is operable to emit a second light L2 having a second spectrum, which is emitted at a second cone angle θ2 that results in a second pupil length P2 equal to a second reflection length B2. The second microlens 205B is sized and shaped to emit a second light L2 having a second spectrum. The third pupil length P3 can be adjusted by adjusting the third microlens 205C so that the third pupil length P3 is equal to the third reflection length B3. The third microlens 205C is operable to emit a third light L3 having a third spectrum, which is emitted at a third cone angle θ3 that results in a third pupil length P3 equal to a third reflection length B3.The third microlens 205C is sized and shaped to emit third light L3 having a third spectrum. The fact that the pupil lengths P1, P2, P3 are equal to the respective reflection lengths B1, B2, B3 helps increase the efficiency of the augmented reality device 200 and reduce the occurrence of ghost images.
[0023]
[0026] FIGS. 3A to 3C are schematic cross-sectional views of an augmented reality device 200 according to one or more embodiments. FIG. 3A only shows that the light engine 202 emits first light L1. It should be understood that the light engine 202 only emitting first light L1 is for illustrative purposes, and any number of light beams such as second light L2 and third light L3 may be emitted simultaneously.
[0024]
[0027] In FIG. 3A, the first light L1 is input-coupled into the substrate 101 through the input coupler 104a, as described in FIG. 2. The second point 231 is aligned with the inner edge 225 of the input coupler 104a. Aligning the inner edge 225 with the second point 231 ensures that the first light L1 does not reflect back into the input coupler 104a. After the first end portion 220A completes one reflection against the second surface 105, the first end portion 220A and the second end portion 220B of the first light L1 overlap each other while being within the substrate 101.
[0025]
[0028] After the first light L1 enters the input coupler 104a, it is reflected within the substrate 101 until it reaches the output coupler 104c. When the first light L1 reaches the output coupler 104c, one or more output beams O1, O2 are emitted from the output coupler 104c toward the user's eye 270. The output beams O1, O2 are output-coupled at a first output angle 350A. The first output beam O1 has a first end 321A and a second end 321B separated by a first distance D1. The second output beam O2 has a first end 322A and a second end 322B separated by a second distance D2. Both the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 are equal to the first reflection length B1 and the first pupil length P1. Since the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 are equal to the first reflection length B1, the second end 221B of the first output beam O1 overlaps with the first end 222A of the second output beam O2. Accordingly, there is no gap between the end of the first output beam O1 and the start of the second output beam O2. Although FIG. 3A shows an augmented reality device 200 having only two output beams, this is for illustrative purposes, and it should be understood that the first light L1 can generate any number of output beams. The output beams O1, O2 are adjacent to each other (that is, there is no gap between them). This improves the efficiency of the augmented reality device 200.
[0026]
[0029] In FIG. 3B, the second light L2 is input-coupled into the substrate 101 through the input coupler 104a as described in FIG. 2. The second point 231 is aligned with the inner edge 225 of the input coupler 104a. Aligning the inner edge 225 with the second point 231 ensures that the second light L2 is not reflected back into the input coupler 104a. After the first end 221A completes one reflection off the second surface 105, the first end 221A and the second end 221B of the second light L2 overlap while being within the substrate 101.
[0027]
[0030] After the second light L2 enters the input coupler 104a, it is reflected within the substrate 101 until it reaches the output coupler 104c. When the second light L2 reaches the output coupler 104c, one or more output beams O3, O4 are emitted from the output coupler 104c toward the user's eye 270. The output beams O3, O4 are output coupled at a second output angle 350B. The third output beam O3 has a first end 323A and a second end 323B separated by a third distance D3. The fourth output beam O4 has a first end 324A and a second end 324B separated by a fourth distance D4. Both the third distance D3 and the fourth distance D4 are equal to the second reflection length B2 and the second pupil length P2. Because the third distance D3 and the fourth distance D4 are equal to the second reflection length B2, the second end 323B of the third output beam O3 is superimposed with the first end 324A of the fourth output beam O4. Therefore, there is no distance between the end of the third output beam O3 and the starting point of the fourth output beam O4. Figure 3B shows an augmented reality device 200 having only two output beams, but this is done for illustrative purposes and it should be understood that the second light L2 can produce any number of output beams. The output beams O3 and O4 are adjacent (i.e., there is no distance between them). This improves the efficiency of the augmented reality device 200.
[0028]
[0031] In Figure 3C, the third light L3 is input-coupled to the substrate 101 through the input coupler 104a, as shown in Figure 2. The second point 231 is aligned with the inner edge 225 of the input coupler 104a. The alignment of the inner edge 225 with the second point 231 ensures that the third light L3 does not reflect back into the input coupler 104a. After the first end 222A completes one reflection off the second surface 105, the first end 222A and the second end 222B of the third light L3 overlap while they are inside the substrate 101.
[0029]
[0032] After the third light L3 enters the input coupler 104a, it is reflected within the substrate 101 until it reaches the output coupler 104c. When the third light L3 reaches the output coupler 104c, one or more output beams O5, O6, O7, and O8 are emitted from the output coupler 104c toward the user's eye 270. The output beams O5, O6, O7, and O8 are output coupled at a third output angle 350C. The fifth output beam O5 has a first end 325A and a second end 325B separated by a fifth distance D5. The sixth output beam O6 has a first end 326A and a second end 326B separated by a sixth distance D6. The seventh output beam O7 has a first end 327A and a second end 327B separated by a seventh distance D7. The eighth output beam O8 has a first end 328A and a second end 328B separated by an eighth distance D8. The fifth distance D5, the sixth distance D6, the seventh distance D7, and the eighth distance D8 are all equal to the third reflectance length B3 and the third pupil length P3. Because distances D5, D6, D7, and D8 are equal to the third reflectance length B3, the second end 325B of the fifth output beam O5 is superimposed with the first end 326A of the sixth output beam O6, the second end 326B of the sixth output beam O6 is superimposed with the first end 327A of the seventh output beam O7, and the second end 327B of the seventh output beam O7 is superimposed with the first end 328A of the eighth output beam O8. Therefore, there is no distance between each of the output beams O5, O6, O7, and O8. Figure 3C shows an augmented reality device 200 having four output beams, but this is for illustrative purposes only and it should be understood that the third light L3 can produce any number of output beams. The output beams O5, O6, O7, and O8 are all adjacent to each other (i.e., there are no gaps between them). This improves the efficiency of the augmented reality device 200.
[0030]
[0033] Figure 4 is a wavenumber space diagram of an augmented reality device 200 according to one or more embodiments. The augmented reality device 200 includes a waveguide 100. The waveguide 100 includes an input coupler 104a, a pupil dilator 104b, and an output coupler 104c, all located on a substrate 101.
[0031]
[0034] The first light L1, the second light L2, and the third light L3 enter the input coupler 104a at corresponding first input angles θA, second input angle θB, and third input angle θC (input angles θA, θB, θC), and the first light L1, the second light L2, and the third light L3 undergo total internal reflection (TIR) within the waveguide 100. As shown by the wavespace diagram, the optical engine 202 projects an image having the first light L1, the second light L2, and the third light L3 (hereinafter, "light rays L1, L2, L3"). The first light L1 is diffracted by the first microlens 205A and emitted at the first cone angle θ1. The second light L2 is diffracted by the second microlens 205B and emitted at the second cone angle θ2. The third light, L3, is diffracted by the third microlens 205C and emitted at a third cone angle θ3. The light rays L1, L2, and L3 are diffracted by the projector lens 204, and the light rays L1, L2, and L3 have different input angles θA, θB, and θC at the input coupler 104a. That is, the light rays L1, L2, and L3 have corresponding input angles θA, θB, and θC that spread the light rays L1, L2, and L3 across the input coupler 104a. Furthermore, the first light, L1, is diffracted by the projector lens 204 to have a first pupil length P1. The second light, L2, is diffracted by the projector lens 204 to have a green pupil length P2. The third light, L3, is diffracted by the projector lens 204 to have a third pupil length P3.
[0032]
[0035] The first light L1, the second light L2, and the third light L3 leave the output coupler 104c at corresponding first output angles 350A, 350B, and 350C. The first output angles 350A, 350B, and 350C (output angles 350A, 350B, and 350C) are approximately the same. In one or more embodiments, the first light L1 produces multiple red output beams. The second light L2 produces multiple green output beams. The third light L3 produces multiple blue output beams. The red, green, and blue output beams do not have distance between each other, as shown and described in Figures 3A-3C. Microlenses 205A, 250B, and 250C compensate for waveguide 100 and projector lens 204 by adjusting the cone angles θ1, θ2, and θ3 of their respective rays L1, L2, and L3 so that the wavenumber space diagram in Figure 3B has a non-zero k vector. Using microlenses 205A, 205B, and 205C to compensate for waveguide 100 and projector lens 204 improves the final image quality and reduces the costs associated with more complex waveguides and projector lenses. The output beam of the combination of the first light L1, the second light L2, and the third light L3 yields the desired image 401 output-coupled by waveguide 100.
[0033]
[0036] The advantages of this disclosure include an augmented reality device 200 having improved efficiency, improved image resolution, and reduced occurrence of ghost images.
[0034]
[0037] It is envisioned that one or more aspects of the disclosure herein may be combined. For example, one or more aspects, features, components, operations, and / or properties of the waveguide 100, augmented reality device 200, optical engine 202, first optical L1, second optical L2, third optical L3, projection lens 204, first microlens 205A, second microlens 205B, and / or third microlens 205C may be combined. Furthermore, it is envisioned that one or more aspects disclosed herein may include some or all of the aforementioned advantages.
[0035]
[0038] While the above applies to embodiments of the present disclosure, other embodiments and further embodiments of the present disclosure may be devised without departing from the basic scope of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is determined by the following claims.
Claims
1. It is an augmented reality device, It is a projection system, A light engine equipped with pixels that have an emitting surface. A microlens connected to the light-emitting surface of the pixel, and A projection lens configured to refract a first light emitted by the pixel, wherein the first light has a first pupil length defined by the distance between a first end and a second end of the first light. A projection system equipped with, Waveguide, An input coupler configured to input coupling the first light with a first reflection length equal to the first pupil length. Waveguides and An augmented reality device equipped with the following features.
2. The waveguide is, A substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, wherein the input coupler is disposed on the first surface or the second surface, An output coupler disposed on the substrate, configured to emit a plurality of output beams, wherein the plurality of output beams comprises at least a first output beam and a second output beam, the first output beam having a first distance, the second output beam having a second distance, and the first distance and the second distance being equal to the first reflect length, and The device according to claim 1, further comprising the following:
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the microlens refracts the first light at a first cone angle.
4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the projection lens refracts the first light at a first input angle.
5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first end of the first light is input-coupled to the waveguide at a first point, and the second end of the first light is input-coupled to the waveguide at a second point.
6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the first end of the first light contacts the second point after completing one reflection.
7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first end of the first light is aligned with the second end of the first light while the first end of the first light is inside the waveguide.
8. It is an augmented reality device, It is a projection system, An optical engine comprising multiple pixels, wherein the multiple pixels are A first pixel configured to emit first light in a first spectrum, and A second pixel configured to emit a second light in a second spectrum. Equipped with a light engine, Multiple microlenses, A first microlens connected to the first light-emitting surface of the first pixel, and A second microlens connected to the second light-emitting surface of the second pixel. Multiple microlenses, A projection lens configured to refract the first light and the second light, wherein the first light has a first pupil length and the second light has a second pupil length. A projection system equipped with, Waveguide, An input coupler configured to input couple the first light and the second light, wherein the first light is input coupled with a first reflection length equal to the first pupil length, and the second light is input coupled with a second reflection length equal to the second pupil length. Waveguides and An augmented reality device equipped with the following features.
9. The waveguide is, A substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, wherein the input coupler is disposed on the first surface or the second surface, An output coupler formed on the substrate, configured to emit a plurality of output beams, wherein the plurality of output beams comprises at least a first output beam and a second output beam, the first output beam having a first end and a second end, the second output beam having a third end and a fourth end, and the second end of the first output beam and the third end of the second output beam being aligned; The device according to claim 8, further comprising the following:
10. The device according to claim 8, wherein the first microlens refracts the first light at a first cone angle, and the second microlens refracts the second light at a second cone angle.
11. The device according to claim 8, wherein the projection lens refracts the first light at a first input angle and the second light at a second input angle.
12. The device according to claim 8, wherein the first end of the first light is input coupled to the waveguide at a first point, the second end of the first light is input coupled to the waveguide at a second point, the third end of the second light is input coupled to the waveguide at a third point, and the fourth end of the second light is input coupled to the waveguide at a second point.
13. The device according to claim 12, wherein the first end of the first light and the third end of the second light contact the second point after completing one reflection.
14. The device according to claim 12, wherein the first end of the first light is aligned with the second end of the first light while it is inside the waveguide, and the third end of the second light is aligned with the fourth end of the second light while it is inside the waveguide.
15. The device according to claim 12, wherein the second point is aligned with the inner edge of the in-coupler.
16. The device according to claim 8, wherein the first spectrum and the second spectrum are different from each other.
17. The device according to claim 8, wherein the first pupil length and the second pupil length are different from each other.
18. The device according to claim 8, wherein the first reflection length and the second reflection length are different from each other.
19. The device according to claim 9, wherein each of the plurality of output beams is output-coupled at a first output coupling angle.
20. A method of projecting light, Emitting light from the pixel to the microlens, The process involves refracting the light from the microlens to the projection lens, wherein the light has a first cone angle, The refraction of light from the projection lens to the input coupler of the waveguide, wherein the light has a pupil length, the pupil length is defined by the distance between a first end of the light and a second end of the light, and the second end of the light is emitted at the inner edge of the input coupler. The method of reflecting the light in the waveguide toward the output coupler of the waveguide, wherein the light has a reflection length and the reflection length is equal to the pupil length. Methods that include...