Helical fiber geometry for continuous higher-order mode rejection in beam transmission fibers

Abstract

Exemplary embodiments provide a quantum computer, a laser light transmission system for the quantum computer, and a method for transmitting laser light from the laser of the quantum computer to an atomic object confinement device of the quantum computer. In the exemplary embodiment, the quantum computer comprises an atomic object confinement device, a laser, a cylindrical guide positioned such that a first end of the cylindrical guide is adjacent to the laser and a second end of the cylindrical guide is adjacent to the atomic object confinement device, and an optical fiber cable helically wound around the cylindrical guide and extending from the first end to the second end. The optical fiber cable is configured to transmit laser light generated by the laser to the atomic object confinement device. The pitch of the helically wound optical fiber cable is selected to result in a desired effective bending radius of the optical fiber cable to remove higher-order modes of the laser light.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] [Cross-Reference to Related Applications] This application claims the priority and benefit of U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application No. 18 / 790723, filed on July 31, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application No. 18 / 790723 claims the priority and benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 536214, filed on September 1, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] Various embodiments generally relate to optical fibers for laser beam transmission, and more specifically to continuous higher-order mode suppression in optical fibers for laser beam transmission.

Background Art

[0003] Optical fiber cables are often used as waveguides for transmitting laser light from a laser to a target. In many applications, it is desirable to propagate laser light in a single mode through the interior of an optical fiber cable. In multimode propagation, an internal interferometer condition may form inside the fiber, resulting in unexpected phase or intensity transmittance. For such applications where multimode propagation is undesirable, it is often possible to obtain a single-mode optical fiber cable at the wavelength of the light being propagated. However, in some shorter wavelength applications, such single-mode optical fiber cables may not be readily available. For example, some quantum computing operations use laser light in the range of 360 to 370 nanometers. At such wavelengths, single-mode optical fiber cables may not be readily available with short lead times.

[0004] By applying effort, ingenuity, and innovation, many deficiencies of conventional laser beam transmission systems and methods are solved by developing solutions structured in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. Many examples of embodiments of the present invention are described in detail herein. [Overview of the project] [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] Exemplary embodiments provide a quantum computer, a laser light transmission system for a quantum computer, and a method for transmitting laser light from a laser in a quantum computer to an atomic object confinement device in a quantum computer.

[0006] In exemplary embodiments, according to aspects of the present disclosure, a quantum computer comprises: an atomic object confinement device; a laser; a cylindrical guide positioned such that a first end of the cylindrical guide is adjacent to the laser and a second end of the cylindrical guide is adjacent to the atomic object confinement device; and an optical fiber cable helically wound around the cylindrical guide and extending from the first end to the second end of the cylindrical guide. The optical fiber cable is configured to transmit laser light generated by the laser to the atomic object confinement device. The pitch of the helically wound optical fiber cable is selected to result in a desired effective bending radius of the optical fiber cable to remove higher-order modes of the laser light.

[0007] In exemplary embodiments, the cylindrical guide is constructed from a highly rigid material.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment, the cylindrical guide is constructed from a hollow material.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, the cylindrical guide is constructed as a single, standalone component.

[0010] In exemplary embodiments, the optical fiber cable is a first optical fiber cable, and the quantum computer further comprises a second optical fiber cable, the second optical fiber cable being helically wound around a cylindrical guide in a multifiller configuration including the first optical fiber cable, and extending from a first end to a second end of the cylindrical guide. The second optical fiber cable is configured to transmit laser light generated by the laser to an atomic object confinement device.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical fiber cable is a first optical fiber cable, and the quantum computer further comprises a plurality of optical fiber cables bundled together with the first optical fiber cable. The plurality of optical fiber cables are configured to transmit laser light generated by the laser to an atomic object confinement device. The bundled plurality of optical fiber cables and the first optical fiber cable are spirally wound around a cylindrical guide and extend from a first end to a second end of the cylindrical guide.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, multiple optical fiber cables and the first optical fiber cable are bundled together as a single layer.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment, multiple optical fiber cables and a first optical fiber cable are bundled together in two or more layers.

[0014] In exemplary embodiments, the quantum computer further comprises a fitting that is fixed to a cylindrical guide and protrudes from the cylindrical guide, and is adapted to anchor the cylindrical guide to an adjacent structure. The pitch of the helically wound optical fiber cable is selected to provide sufficient space for the fitting to protrude from between two adjacent coils of the optical fiber cable.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment, the quantum computer further comprises two or more lasers, two or more optical fiber cables configured to transmit laser light generated by the two or more lasers to an atomic object confinement device, and two or more cylindrical guides positioned such that the first end of each cylindrical guide is positioned adjacent to each laser and the second end of each cylindrical guide is positioned adjacent to the atomic object confinement device. Each optical fiber cable is spirally wound around each cylindrical guide and extends from the first end to the second end of each cylindrical guide.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a laser light transmission system for a quantum computer comprises a cylindrical guide adapted such that a first end of the cylindrical guide is positioned adjacent to a laser of the quantum computer and a second end of the cylindrical guide is positioned adjacent to an atomic object confinement device of the quantum computer, and an optical fiber cable helically wound around the cylindrical guide and extending from the first end to the second end of the cylindrical guide. The optical fiber cable is adapted to transmit laser light generated by the laser to the atomic object confinement device. The pitch of the helically wound optical fiber cable is selected to result in a desired effective bending radius of the optical fiber cable to remove higher-order modes of the laser light.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method for transmitting laser light from a laser of a quantum computer to an atomic object confinement device of the quantum computer includes the steps of positioning a cylindrical guide such that a first end of the cylindrical guide is adjacent to the laser of the quantum computer and a second end of the cylindrical guide is adjacent to the atomic object confinement device of the quantum computer, and winding an optical fiber cable helically around the cylindrical guide from the first end to the second end of the cylindrical guide, the optical fiber cable being adapted to transmit laser light generated by the laser to the atomic object confinement device. The pitch of the helically wound optical fiber cable is selected to result in a desired effective bending radius of the optical fiber cable to remove higher-order modes of the laser light.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a laser light transmission system comprises a cylindrical guide adapted such that a first end of the cylindrical guide is positioned adjacent to a laser light source and a second end of the cylindrical guide is positioned adjacent to a laser light target, and an optical fiber cable helically wound around the cylindrical guide and extending from the first end to the second end of the cylindrical guide. The optical fiber cable is adapted to transmit laser light generated by the laser light source to the laser light target. The pitch of the helically wound optical fiber cable is selected to result in a desired effective bending radius of the optical fiber cable to remove higher-order modes of the laser light.

[0019] The above summary is provided solely for the purpose of summarizing some exemplary embodiments in order to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of this disclosure. Therefore, it should be understood that the above-described implementations are merely examples and should not be interpreted in any way as narrowing the scope or intent of this disclosure. It should be understood that the scope of this disclosure encompasses many potential embodiments in addition to those outlined herein. Some of these are described in further detail below.

[0020] Although the present invention has been described in general terms, reference is now made to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary quantum computing system including a controller according to an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 2] 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary quantum computing system having helically wound optical fiber cables according to an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 3A] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating helically wound optical fiber cables of various lengths and angles according to an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 3B] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating helically wound optical fiber cables of various lengths and angles according to an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 4] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a portion of two helically wound optical fiber cables according to an exemplary embodiment. [Figure 5] 1 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-section of a portion of a bundle of helically wound optical fiber cables according to an exemplary embodiment. MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0022] The present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings show some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. In fact, the present invention can be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure satisfies applicable legal requirements. The term "or" (also indicated as " / ") is used herein in both an alternative and a conjunctive sense unless otherwise indicated. The terms "exemplary" and "exemplary" are used to indicate examples that do not indicate a level of quality. The terms "generally," "substantially," and "about" mean within engineering and / or manufacturing tolerances and / or within user measurement capabilities unless otherwise indicated. The same reference numerals refer to the same components throughout.

[0023] Various embodiments of this disclosure provide a quantum computer, a laser beam transmission system, and a method for transmitting laser light, in which laser light is transmitted from a laser to a physical system package of the quantum computer (e.g., including an atomic object confinement device), while higher-order modes are successively removed from the fiber to prevent the formation of unwanted internal interferometric conditions.

[0024] In various embodiments, the optical fiber cable is wound in a loose spiral around a small-diameter cylindrical guide of sufficient length to physically route the optical fiber cable from the laser to the physical system package (i.e., such that the coils of the spirally wound optical fiber cable do not contact each other). In various embodiments, the cylindrical guide is a rod or pipe of small diameter (e.g., 0.5 to 1.0 inch (1.27 to 2.54 cm) in diameter, although any suitable diameter may be used), and the rod or pipe may be solid or hollow. In various embodiments, the cylindrical guide has a cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical guide that is circular, elliptical, oval, or the like. The continuous helical winding of the optical fiber cable along the length of the cylindrical guide is intended to maintain the cable from the laser light source to the laser light target while the optical fiber cable is continuously curved along its entire length, thus continuously removing any higher-order modes that are formed and continuously preventing the formation of interferometric conditions.

[0025] In various embodiments, the effective bending radius of the optical fiber cable can be selected by selecting the pitch of the spirally wound optical fiber cable. The pitch of the spirally wound optical fiber cable is defined as the distance between two adjacent coils at the points where each adjacent coil crosses an imaginary longitudinal line on the surface of the cylindrical guide. The use of a spirally wound optical fiber cable allows selection of any suitable effective bending radius for the cable from a radius slightly larger than the radius of the cylindrical guide up to infinity. Since any suitable effective bending radius of the cable can be used by selecting the pitch, it is not necessary to use cylindrical guides having different diameters from each other to obtain different bending radii.

[0026] Generally, a smaller effective bending radius more effectively removes higher-order modes, but requires more fiber optic cable to extend from the laser to the physical package. Conversely, a larger effective bending radius is less effective at removing higher-order modes, but requires less fiber optic cable to extend from the laser to the physical package. Even a very slight increase in the effective bending radius significantly reduces the amount of fiber optic cable required. Furthermore, using helically wound fiber optic cables makes it possible to make the radius of the cylindrical guide much smaller than the minimum bending radius of the fiber optic cable. For example, the pitch of the fiber optic cable can be selected to result in an effective bending radius of 5 cm (or larger), so that a fiber optic cable with a minimum bending radius of 5 cm can be helically wound around a cylindrical guide with a bending radius of 0.5 cm.

[0027] In various embodiments, since the helically wound optical fiber cable can bend in its overall direction of travel (along any axis or plane), the cylindrical guide does not need to be continuously straight. For example, in some embodiments, the cylindrical guide may curve gently along its length at one or more locations. As another example, in some embodiments, the cylindrical guide may curve / bend continuously along its entire length. This allows the cylindrical guide to be routed along a desired path as needed (for example, along an optical table and avoiding obstacles, and then up a slope to a different optical assembly).

[0028] In various embodiments, the optical fiber cable may be spirally wound around a cylindrical guide after the cylindrical guide has been installed in its desired position. In various embodiments, the cylindrical guide may be constructed as a single, standalone component. In various alternative embodiments, the cylindrical guide may have a multi-component configuration. For example, the cylindrical guide may be constructed of two or more linear sections (each possibly having a different length), and the two or more linear sections are joined using one or more joints that provide a desired angle between the two adjacent linear sections. In some embodiments, different joints, each having a different angle, may be available. In some embodiments, any bends / curves in the cylindrical guide must be gentle enough that the effective bending radius of the optical fiber cable is not significantly altered by the bends / curves in the guide, and in particular, that no sharp bends are formed that would force the spirally wound optical fiber cable to have a local bending radius smaller than the safe minimum bending radius of the optical fiber cable.

[0029] The loose spiral winding of the fiber optic cable around the cylindrical guide is intended to ensure that the coils of the fiber optic cable do not come into contact with each other. In other words, the pitch of the wound cable is at least greater than the diameter of the cable. However, because the cable's inclination effectively widens the cable, the pitch of the wound cable should be at least greater than the value obtained by multiplying the cable diameter by the cosine of the angle of the cable with respect to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the guide (this angle is called the "base angle"). In various embodiments, the pitch of the wound cable is much greater than the diameter of the cable. For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the pitch of the wound cable is about seven times the diameter of the cable.

[0030] In various embodiments, the spacing between coils of a helically wound optical fiber cable allows for the attachment of one or more support posts or brackets to the cylindrical guide at one end and to an adjacent structure at the opposite end, thereby providing support and rigidity to the cylindrical guide. In addition to the inherent rigidity of the cylindrical guide, such rigidity provided by the support posts helps reduce or prevent external movement of the cylindrical guide and, consequently, the optical fiber cable. External movement of the optical fiber cable can induce time-dependent intensity and undesirable time-dependent phase shifts.

[0031] In various embodiments, a multifiller configuration may involve winding two or more optical fiber cables helically around a single cylindrical guide. This is useful, for example, for quantum computers having multiple gate zones and / or two qubit gates. For instance, in a quantum computer with five gate zones, each having two qubit gates, ten optical fiber cables need to be routed from the laser to the gate zones. In such exemplary embodiments, the ten optical fiber cables can be helically wound around a single cylindrical guide to route all ten cables, making it possible to successively eliminate any higher-order modes and prevent the formation of interferometric conditions in the ten cables.

[0032] In various embodiments, any number of optical fiber cables can be spirally wound around a cylindrical guide, up to the maximum number of optical fiber cables that would not allow for interference-free mounting or a spiral structure. In some embodiments, the maximum number of fibers in a single layer is the ratio of the effective guide circumference to the optical fiber cable diameter, i.e., 2π × (guide radius + cable radius) / (cable diameter), and it should be noted that this value is an absolute limit. As mentioned above, the optical fiber cable is effectively wider due to its inclination, and therefore the maximum holding capacity of the cylindrical guide is reduced by multiplying the above result by the cosine of the base angle. In some embodiments, it is necessary to reduce the calculated capacity by the amount of one or more optical fiber cables to allow for spacing for hardware mounting. In a particular exemplary embodiment, when a 3 mm diameter coated optical fiber cable is wound around a cylindrical guide with a diameter of 0.5 inches (12.7 mm), the maximum holding capacity of the cable in a single layer around the circumference of the cylindrical guide, without adjustments for spiral structures or mounting gaps, is 16. While 16 cables are likely to be excessively crowded, such cylindrical guides that hold, for example, 5 or 10 fiber optic cables allow for spacing for hardware mounting and enable the use of non-zero helix structures for fiber optic cables.

[0033] In various embodiments, the cable holding capacity on a single cylindrical guide is increased by stacking multiple layers of optical fiber cables having the same helical pitch. In such embodiments, for example, the optical fiber cables in the outer layer are located in grooves formed between pairs of optical fiber cables in the inner layer. However, in some embodiments, the aforementioned stacking has one or more drawbacks. For example, the aforementioned stacking is intended to allow some optical fiber cables to be buried beneath other optical fiber cables. Furthermore, such stacking is intended to increase the effective cylindrical guide diameter due to the additional diameter of the optical fiber cables in the inner layer, thus increasing the effective bending radius of the optical fiber cables on the subsequent (i.e., outer) layer for the same helical pitch (which may reduce the effectiveness in higher-order mode rejection).

[0034] In various embodiments, a single-mode laser optical transmission system may be used in a quantum computing system, such as the quantum computing system 100 shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 provides a schematic diagram of an exemplary quantum computing system 100. In the quantum computing system 100, the quantum processor comprises, in an exemplary embodiment, an atomic object confinement device 120 (e.g., an ion trap) having a plurality of atomic objects (e.g., atoms, ions, etc.) confined therein. In various embodiments, the quantum computing system 100 comprises a computing entity 10 and a quantum computer 110. In various embodiments, the quantum computer 110 comprises a controller 30 and a quantum processor 115. In various embodiments, the controller 30 is configured, programmed, etc., to control the quantum processor 115. In an exemplary embodiment, the quantum processor 115 comprises a plurality of qubits (e.g., data qubits which can be organized into logical qubits, accessory qubits, etc.). In various embodiments, the quantum computer 110 includes or communicates with a database (not shown) as described herein. For example, the database may be stored by one or more computing entities 10 that communicate with the controller 30 via one or more wired and / or wireless networks 80, and / or in memory local to the controller 30.

[0035] In various embodiments, the quantum processor 115 includes means for controlling the evolution of the quantum state of a qubit. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, the quantum processor 115 comprises a cryostat and / or vacuum chamber 40 that seals a confinement device 120 (e.g., an ion trap), one or more operators 60, one or more voltage sources 50, and / or one or more optical collection systems 70. For example, the cryostat and / or vacuum chamber 40 may be a temperature and / or pressure controlled chamber. In an exemplary embodiment, an operation signal generated by the operators 60 is provided into the cryostat and / or vacuum chamber 40 (where the atomic object confinement device 120 is located) via a corresponding optical path 66 (e.g., optical paths 66A, 66B, 66C). In an exemplary embodiment, one or more operators 60 may comprise one or more lasers (e.g., optical lasers, microwave sources, etc.). In various embodiments, one or more operators 60 are configured to manipulate and / or cause a controlled quantum state evolution of one or more atomic objects in the confinement device. In various embodiments, atomic objects within an atomic confinement device (e.g., ions trapped in an ion trap) act as data qubits and / or accessory qubits of the quantum processor 115 of the quantum computer 110. For example, in an exemplary embodiment in which one or more operators 60 comprise one or more lasers, the lasers may provide one or more laser beams to atomic objects trapped in the confinement device 120 within the cryostat and / or vacuum chamber 40. For example, the operators 60 may generate and / or provide laser beams configured to ionize the atomic objects, initialize the atomic objects in a defined two-state qubit space of the quantum processor, gate to one or more qubits of the quantum processor, read the quantum states of one or more qubits of the quantum processor, and so on.

[0036] In various embodiments, the quantum computer 110 includes an optical collection system 70 configured to collect and / or detect photons generated by qubits (e.g., during a read procedure). The optical collection system 70 may comprise one or more optical elements (e.g., lenses, mirrors, waveguides, optical fiber cables, etc.) and one or more photodetectors. In various embodiments, the photodetectors may be photodiodes, photomultiplier tubes, charge-coupled device (CCD) sensors, complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensors, microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sensors, and / or other photodetectors that are sensitive to light at the expected fluorescence wavelength of the qubits of the quantum computer 110. In various embodiments, the detectors may communicate electronically with the controller 30 via one or more analog-to-digital converters (not shown), etc.

[0037] In various embodiments, the quantum computer 110 comprises one or more voltage sources 50. For example, the voltage sources 50 may comprise multiple voltage drivers and / or voltage sources and / or at least one RF driver and / or voltage source. In exemplary embodiments, the voltage sources 50 may be electrically coupled to corresponding potential generating elements (e.g., electrodes) of the confinement device 120. Changing the potential can move ions between positions or states. In various embodiments, how the potential is changed may be defined by a waveform that specifies one or more voltages applied over a period of time. In various embodiments, one or more voltage sources 50 may be coupled to electrodes via a circuit that includes one or more high-voltage semiconductor switches. The circuit coupling the voltage sources 50 to the electrodes may also include a circuit that provides a bias voltage to the gate of one or more FETs among the high-voltage semiconductor switches. The circuit coupling the voltage sources 50 to the electrodes may also include a circuit that connects one or more voltage sources to the gate and / or drain of one or more FETs among the high-voltage semiconductor switches. In various embodiments, the circuit coupling the voltage source 50 to the electrode may be located outside the cryostat and / or vacuum chamber 40, inside the cryostat and / or vacuum chamber 40, or both inside and outside the cryostat and / or vacuum chamber 40. In embodiments where the circuit coupling the voltage source 50 to the electrode is located inside the cryostat and / or vacuum chamber 40, the high-voltage semiconductor switch may be located inside the cryostat and / or vacuum chamber 40. In various embodiments, the circuit coupling the voltage source 50 to the electrode, including one or more high-voltage semiconductor switches, is comprised of circuit components that can operate at a temperature relative to the location of the circuit components, such as the temperature inside the cryostat and / or vacuum chamber, which may have a temperature lower than 4 Kelvin, and / or are configured to operate at a temperature relative to the location of the circuit components.

[0038] In various embodiments, the computing entity 10 is configured to allow a user to provide input to the quantum computer 110 (for example, through the user interface of the computing entity 10) and to receive, display, etc., outputs from the quantum computer 110. The computing entity 10 may communicate with the controller 30 of the quantum computer 110 via one or more wired or wireless networks 80 and / or direct wired and / or wireless communications. In exemplary embodiments, the computing entity 10 may convert, configure, format, etc., information / data, quantum computing algorithms and / or circuits into a computing language, executable instructions, command set, etc., that the controller 30 can understand and / or implement. For example, the controller 30 is configured to generate machine code-level commands that, when executed by the appropriate components of the quantum computer 110, cause the quantum computer 110 to implement a quantum circuit. In various embodiments, the implementation of a quantum circuit may include providing voltage to one or more terminals of a high-voltage semiconductor switch and / or controlling the voltage to one or more terminals, which may control how the high-voltage semiconductor switch brings voltage to one or more electrodes.

[0039] In various embodiments, the controller 30 is configured to control a voltage source 50, a cryostat system and / or vacuum system that controls the temperature and pressure within the cryostat and / or vacuum chamber 40, an operator 60, and / or other systems configured to control various environmental conditions within the cryostat and / or vacuum chamber 40 (e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.) and / or to manipulate and / or bring about the controlled evolution of the quantum states of one or more atomic objects within the confinement device. For example, the controller 30 can bring about the controlled evolution of the quantum states of one or more atomic objects within the confinement device and execute quantum circuits and / or algorithms. For example, the controller 30 may, in some cases, cause a reading procedure, including coherent shelving, to be performed as part of executing quantum circuits and / or algorithms. Additionally, the controller 30 is configured to transmit and / or receive input data from an optical acquisition system 70, which corresponds to reading the quantum states of qubits in the quantum computer 110. In various embodiments, atomic objects confined within the confinement device are used as qubits in the quantum computer 110.

[0040] In various embodiments, the quantum computer 110 comprises a controller 30 and a quantum processor 115. The controller 30 is configured to control various components of the quantum processor 115.

[0041] In various embodiments, the controller 30 is configured to communicate with the optical acquisition system 70 and thereby receive input data captured and / or generated by the optical acquisition system 70. In various embodiments, the controller 30 is further configured to control the cryostat system and / or vacuum system, cooling system, and / or other systems that control the temperature and pressure within the cryostat and / or vacuum chamber 40, as well as other systems that control environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, humidity, pressure, etc.) within the cryostat and / or vacuum chamber 40.

[0042] Figure 2 shows an exemplary quantum computing system having helically wound optical fiber cables according to an exemplary embodiment. Some components of the exemplary quantum computing system are omitted from Figure 2 for simplification. Figure 2 shows an exemplary quantum computing system 200 having three lasers 204A, 204B, and 204C that bring laser light to a physical system package 202 via optical fiber cables 208A, 208B, and 208C, respectively. As shown in Figure 2, each of the optical fiber cables 208A, 208B, and 208C is helically wound around their respective cylindrical guides 206A, 206B, and 206C. As described above, the pitch of each of the optical fiber cables 208A, 208B, and 208C (indicated as "P" in Figure 2) can be selected to yield a desired effective bending radius. The same pitch may be used for each of the optical fiber cables, or two or more different pitches may be used. As shown in Figure 2, each of the spirally wound optical fiber cables 208A, 208B, and 208C extends from each of the lasers 204A, 204B, and 204C to the physical system package 202, each curving continuously. The cylindrical guide 206B is linear along its entire length, while each of the cylindrical guides 206A and 206C has both a linear and a curved section. The cylindrical guides 206A and 206B are constructed as single, standalone components, while the cylindrical guide 206C has a multi-component configuration with linear sections 212, 214, and 216 and curved joints 218 and 220 that provide a desired angle between two adjacent linear sections.

[0043] Figures 3A and 3B show various lengths and angles of helically wound optical fiber cables according to exemplary embodiments. Increasing the length of fiber required to support a given helical pitch can be easily understood as winding right triangles around a guide. Figure 3A shows a right triangle as it is wound around a cylindrical guide, while Figure 3B shows a right triangle that has been “removed” from the cylindrical guide and flattened. The right triangle 300 includes a base leg 302 representing the circumference of the cable wrap (calculated as 2π × (guide radius + cable radius)), a pitch leg 304 representing the length along the guide for one turn of the helix, and a hypotenuse 306 representing the length of optical fiber cable required for one coil. If the helical pitch is much larger than the diameter of the cylindrical guide, this right triangle will have very small acute angles, the base angle 308 will be close to 90°, the pitch angle 310 will be close to zero, and the hypotenuse 306 will be slightly longer than the pitch leg 304 (thus showing why in such cases not as much extra cable length is needed compared to when a straight cable crosses the same path).

[0044] Once such a right triangle is calculated, the effective bending radius is given by considering that the guide is sliced ​​by an inclined plane at the base angle of 308. Ignoring the cable diameter, the aforementioned slice forms an elliptical cross-section of the guide with a semi-minor axis equal to exactly the radius of the guide and a semi-major axis equal to the secant of the base angle multiplied by the radius of the guide. The effective bending radius of the cable in a 3D helix can be approximated by the radius of curvature of the aforementioned 2D ellipse, which is the square of the secant multiplied by the radius of the guide, or (guide radius + cable radius) if the cable radius is not negligible. Since the effective bending diameter approaches infinity as the helical pitch increases, the radius of the guide can be much smaller than the minimum safe bending radius of the cable without issue, and any desired cable bending radius from the minimum safe bending radius to infinity can be selected by changing the helical pitch.

[0045] As described above, in a multifiller configuration, two or more optical fiber cables can be spirally wound around a single cylindrical guide. Figure 4 shows a portion of two spirally wound optical fiber cables according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in Figure 4, in a multifiller configuration, a first optical fiber cable 408A and a second optical fiber cable 408B are spirally wound around a cylindrical guide 406. In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the first optical fiber cable 408A and the second optical fiber cable 408B are positioned to touch each other. In an alternative embodiment, the two optical fiber cables may be positioned spaced apart from each other. In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the pitch between the first optical fiber cable 408A and the second optical fiber cable 408B is selected so as to provide sufficient space between the coils for the mounting post 420 to extend outward from the cylindrical guide 406 and secure the cylindrical guide 406 and the optical fiber cables 408A, 408B to an adjacent structure 422.

[0046] As described above, multiple optical fiber cables can be stacked on a cylindrical guide as two or more layers. Figure 5 shows a cross-section of a portion of a stacked helical bundle of optical fiber cables according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in Figure 5, a bundle 508 of five optical fiber cables is helically wound around a cylindrical guide 506. Two optical fiber cables in the outer layer are located in grooves formed between pairs of three optical fiber cables in the inner layer.

[0047] Those skilled in the art in the relevant field who benefit from the teachings presented in the above description and the accompanying drawings will be able to recall many modifications and other embodiments of the invention described herein. It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and that modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Certain terms are used herein, but these terms are used in a general and descriptive sense only and not for limitation. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0048] 10 Computing Entities 30 controllers 40 Vacuum Chamber 50 Voltage source 60 Operation source Optical paths 66, 66A, 66B, 66C 70 Optical Acquisition System 80 Wired and / or wireless networks 100 Quantum Computing Systems 110 Quantum Computers 115 Quantum Processors 120 Atomic Object Confinement Device 200 Quantum Computing Systems 202 Physical System Packages 204A, 204B, 204C lasers 206A, 206B, 206C Cylindrical Guide 208A, 208B, 208C Fiber Optic Cables 212,214,216 Straight section 218,220 Curved joint 300 Right-angled triangle 302 Base Leg 304 Pitch Leg 306 Hypotenuse 308 Base narrow angle 310 Narrow Pitch 406 Cylindrical Guide 408A First Fiber Optic Cable 408B Second fiber optic cable 420 mounting post 422 Adjacent structures 506 Cylindrical Guide 508 bunch

Claims

1. Atomic object confinement device, Lasers and, A cylindrical guide, wherein the first end of the cylindrical guide is positioned adjacent to the laser and the second end of the cylindrical guide is positioned adjacent to the atomic object confinement device, An optical fiber cable that is spirally wound around the cylindrical guide and extends from the first end to the second end of the cylindrical guide, wherein the optical fiber cable is configured to transmit laser light generated by the laser to the atomic object confinement device, Equipped with, A quantum computer in which the pitch of the helically wound optical fiber cable is selected to result in a desired effective bending radius of the optical fiber cable to eliminate higher-order modes of the laser light.

2. The optical fiber cable is a first optical fiber cable, Further equipped with a second optical fiber cable, The quantum computer according to claim 1, wherein the second optical fiber cable is spirally wound around the cylindrical guide in a multifiller configuration including the first optical fiber cable, extends from the first end to the second end of the cylindrical guide, and is configured to transmit laser light generated by the laser to the atomic object confinement device.

3. The optical fiber cable is a first optical fiber cable, The quantum computer further comprises a plurality of optical fiber cables bundled together with the first optical fiber cable, The plurality of optical fiber cables are configured to transmit the laser light generated by the laser to the atomic object confinement device. The quantum computer according to claim 1, wherein the bundled plurality of optical fiber cables and the first optical fiber cable are spirally wound around the cylindrical guide and extend from the first end to the second end of the cylindrical guide.

4. The quantum computer according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of optical fiber cables and the first optical fiber cable are bundled together as a single layer.

5. The quantum computer according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of optical fiber cables and the first optical fiber cable are bundled together as two or more layers.

6. With additional attachments, The mounting device is fixed to the cylindrical guide and protrudes from the cylindrical guide, and is adapted to secure the cylindrical guide to an adjacent structure. The quantum computer according to claim 1, wherein the pitch of the helically wound optical fiber cable is selected to provide sufficient space for the mounting device to protrude from between two adjacent coils of the optical fiber cable.

7. Two or more lasers, Two or more optical fiber cables configured to transmit laser light generated by the two or more lasers to the atomic object confinement device, Two or more cylindrical guides are arranged such that the first end of each cylindrical guide is positioned adjacent to each laser, and the second end of each cylindrical guide is positioned adjacent to the atomic object confinement device, Furthermore, The quantum computer according to claim 1, wherein each of the two or more optical fiber cables is spirally wound around each cylindrical guide and extends from the first end to the second end of each cylindrical guide.

8. A laser light transmission system for quantum computers, The aforementioned laser light transmission system is A cylindrical guide adapted such that a first end of the cylindrical guide is positioned adjacent to the laser of the quantum computer and a second end of the cylindrical guide is positioned adjacent to the atomic object confinement device of the quantum computer, An optical fiber cable that is spirally wound around the cylindrical guide and extends from the first end to the second end of the cylindrical guide, wherein the optical fiber cable is adapted to transmit laser light generated by the laser to the atomic object confinement device, Equipped with, A laser light transmission system in which the pitch of the helically wound optical fiber cable is selected to result in a desired effective bending radius of the optical fiber cable in order to eliminate higher-order modes of the laser light.

9. The optical fiber cable is a first optical fiber cable, Further equipped with a second optical fiber cable, The laser light transmission system according to claim 8, wherein the second optical fiber cable is spirally wound around the cylindrical guide in a multifiller configuration including the first optical fiber cable, extending from the first end to the second end of the cylindrical guide, and is adapted to transmit laser light generated by the laser to the atomic object confinement device.

10. The optical fiber cable is a first optical fiber cable, The system further comprises multiple optical fiber cables bundled together with the first optical fiber cable, The plurality of optical fiber cables are adapted to transmit the laser light generated by the laser to the atomic object confinement device. The laser light transmission system according to claim 8, wherein the bundled plurality of optical fiber cables and the first optical fiber cable are spirally wound around the cylindrical guide and extend from the first end to the second end of the cylindrical guide.

11. The laser light transmission system according to claim 10, wherein the plurality of optical fiber cables and the first optical fiber cable are bundled together as a single layer.

12. The laser light transmission system according to claim 10, wherein the plurality of optical fiber cables and the first optical fiber cable are bundled together as two or more layers.

13. With additional attachments, The mounting device is fixed to the cylindrical guide and protrudes from the cylindrical guide, and is adapted to secure the cylindrical guide to an adjacent structure. The laser light transmission system according to claim 8, wherein the pitch of the helically wound optical fiber cable is selected to provide sufficient space for the mounting device to protrude from between two adjacent coils of the optical fiber cable.

14. Two or more optical fiber cables adapted to transmit laser light generated by two or more lasers of the quantum computer to the atomic object confinement device of the quantum computer, Two or more cylindrical guides, each adapted to be positioned such that its first end is adjacent to each laser and its second end is adjacent to the atomic object confinement device, Furthermore, The laser light transmission system according to claim 8, wherein each of the two or more optical fiber cables is spirally wound around each cylindrical guide and extends from the first end to the second end of each cylindrical guide.

15. A method for transmitting laser light from a laser of a quantum computer to an atomic object confinement device of the quantum computer, The steps include positioning the cylindrical guide such that a first end of the cylindrical guide is adjacent to the laser of the quantum computer and a second end of the cylindrical guide is adjacent to the atomic object confinement device of the quantum computer, A step of spirally winding an optical fiber cable around the cylindrical guide from the first end to the second end of the cylindrical guide, wherein the optical fiber cable is adapted to transmit laser light generated by the laser to the atomic object confinement device. Includes, The pitch of the helically wound optical fiber cable is selected to result in a desired effective bending radius of the optical fiber cable in order to eliminate higher-order modes of the laser light, in a method.

16. The optical fiber cable is a first optical fiber cable, In the multifiller configuration including the first optical fiber cable, the step of spirally winding the second optical fiber cable around the cylindrical guide from the first end of the cylindrical guide to the second end of the cylindrical guide is further included. The method according to claim 15, wherein the second optical fiber cable is adapted to transmit laser light generated by the laser to the atomic object confinement device.

17. The optical fiber cable is a first optical fiber cable, The process further includes the step of winding a plurality of optical fiber cables bundled together with the first optical fiber cable in a spiral manner around the cylindrical guide, The method according to claim 15, wherein the plurality of optical fiber cables are adapted to transmit laser light generated by the laser to the atomic object confinement device.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the plurality of optical fiber cables and the first optical fiber cable are bundled together as a single layer or as two or more layers.

19. The step further includes fixing the cylindrical guide to an adjacent structure via a mounting device that is fixed to the cylindrical guide and protrudes from the cylindrical guide, The method according to claim 15, wherein the pitch of the helically wound optical fiber cable is selected to provide sufficient space for the mounting device to protrude from between two adjacent coils of the optical fiber cable.

20. The optical fiber cable is a first optical fiber cable, The cylindrical guide is a first cylindrical guide, The steps of positioning the second cylindrical guide such that its first end is adjacent to the laser of the quantum computer and its second end is adjacent to the atomic object confinement device of the quantum computer, A step of spirally winding a second optical fiber cable around the second cylindrical guide from the first end to the second end of the second cylindrical guide, wherein the second optical fiber cable is adapted to transmit laser light generated by the laser to the atomic object confinement device, It further includes, The method according to claim 15, wherein the pitch of the helically wound second optical fiber cable is selected to result in a desired effective bending radius of the second optical fiber cable to remove higher-order modes of the laser light.

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