A structure including interconnected hollow structural elements, an assembly including such structure, and a corresponding manufacturing method.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- JP2026514669
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-09-08
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-09
Smart Images
Figure 2026530656000001_ABST
Abstract
Description
[[Technical Field]]
[0001] The present invention relates to - a first hollow structural element and a second hollow structural element; - a mechanical coupling adapted to couple the first structural element and the second structural element together; in a structure comprising the first structural element, the second structural element and the coupling define an inner volume and an outer volume, and the coupling comprises a sealing system adapted to seal the inner volume.
[0002] The invention also relates to an assembly comprising such a structure and a part of a device supported by the structure.
[0003] The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a structure and such an assembly. [[Background Art]]
[0004] Structures intended to support parts of large equipment are complex and have various shapes, and are sometimes deployed in large numbers at work sites.
[0005] Generally, elements of these structures are prefabricated in a suitable factory, transported to an assembly site, and then conveyed to the work site. Conventional solutions for assembly include welding or bolting structural elements.
[0006] In the first case (welding), the construction speed is limited by parameters inherent to welding and whether a sufficient number of skilled personnel can be secured. As a result, assembly takes a relatively long time. Bearing in mind that installation sometimes requires waiting for a period of favorable weather, this delays the entire process of installing the structure at the work site, which negatively impacts investment costs.
[0007] In the second case (bolting), existing tools can achieve superior assembly speed. However, it is also necessary to ensure that the assembled elements are properly tightened, and that the structure remains structurally or functionally sound throughout its entire lifespan, which is typically several decades.
[0008] Furthermore, some structural designs involve the presence of openings between various structural elements to allow fluid movement within the internal volume. Additionally, the connections between structural elements are intended to transmit enormous mechanical stresses.
[0009] In practice, bolt fastening cannot guarantee a secure fit. For typical lengths exceeding 20 meters and typical diameters exceeding 2 meters, the large size of the structural elements and their manufacturing tolerances induce gaps of millimeters, if not centimeters, which cannot be sealed using conventional bolt fastening. In particular, when structural elements define internal volumes and enormous mechanical stresses act between them, a secure fit cannot be guaranteed over the expected lifespan of the structure. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]
[0010] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a structure that ensures the tightness between assembled structural elements that define the internal volume, thereby reducing investment costs.
[0011] For this purpose, the present invention is - A first hollow structural element and a second hollow structural element, - A mechanical connector adapted to connect both the first structural element and the second structural element, In a structure that includes, The first structural element, the second structural element, and the connecting body define the internal and external volumes, and the connecting body - A first flange fixed to a first structural element and defining a first axis and a first support surface, - A second flange fixed to a second structural element and defining a second axis and a second support surface, - A fastening system adapted for fastening a second flange to a first flange, wherein the fastening system includes a plurality of bolts adapted to press a first support surface and a second support surface against each other, and the second shaft is intended to be aligned with the first shaft or misaligned with the first shaft as a result of manufacturing and / or assembly tolerances, - A sealing system adapted to seal an internal volume, wherein the sealing system extends between a first flange and a second flange and surrounds a first axis, and the sealing system is in contact with a first support surface or a second support surface. It includes, The first support surface is spherical and concave, and the first support surface defines the radius of the first support surface. I propose a structure.
[0012] In other embodiments, the structure includes, either individually or in any technically feasible combination, one or more of the following features: The second support surface is spherical and convex, and the second support surface is - Equal to the first support surface radius, or - Larger than the radius of the first support surface, This specifies the second support surface radius. The fastening system extends within the internal volume. The sealing system is - A planar seal extending into a groove defined by the first flange or the second flange, - One or more rounded folds defined by the first flange or the second flange, and projecting axially from the first or second support surface, - One or more O-rings extending into one or more grooves defined by the first or second flange, Includes. - The sealing system includes a first sealing member and a second sealing member, both surrounding the first axis, wherein the second sealing member extends further from the first axis than the first sealing member. - The first flange, the second flange, the first sealing member and the second sealing member define an intermediate volume, and - The first or second flange specifies a test port that allows pressurization of the intermediate volume from the internal or external volume toward the intermediate volume. - The fastening system includes a swivel that defines a first axial passage for each bolt, - The second flange defines a second axial passage for each bolt, - The bolt is adapted to press the swivel against the first flange, the first flange is axially sandwiched between the swivel and the second flange, and - When the fastening system is not tightened, the second flange and swivel are rotatably movable in relation to the first flange around the first axis. The first flange includes a tubular portion that extends along the first axis and defines a first outer diameter of 0.50 m to 15 m, preferably 1.5 to 8 m. The first flange includes a tubular portion that extends along the first axis and defines the first outer diameter, and the first supporting surface radius divided by the first outer diameter is - 0.5~1.0, or - 1.0~20 This defines the ratio. Each bolt includes a screw head and a nut, with one of the head and nut being closer to the second flange than the other. - One of the head and the nut defines a convex spherical surface that contacts a concave spherical surface defined by the second flange, - The head and the nut, one of which defines a convex spherical surface that contacts a concave spherical surface defined by the bolt washer, and the washer is axially sandwiched between the second flange and the head and the nut, - The washer of the bolt defines a first convex spherical surface that contacts a concave spherical surface defined by another washer of the bolt, the washer and the other washer are axially clamped between the second flange and said one of the head and the nut, and the washer is in contact with said one of the head and the nut. or - The washer of the bolt defines a convex spherical surface that contacts a concave spherical surface defined by the second flange, and the washer is axially clamped between the second flange and said one of the head and the nut. Each bolt includes a screw head and a nut, one of the head and the nut is closer to the first flange or a swivel of a fastening system adapted to press the first flange, - said one of the head and the nut defines a convex spherical surface that contacts a concave spherical surface defined by the first flange or the swivel, or - said one of the head and the nut defines a convex spherical surface that contacts a concave spherical surface defined by the washer of the bolt, the washer is axially clamped between the first flange or the swivel and said one of the head and the nut, or - the washer of the bolt defines a convex spherical surface that contacts a concave spherical surface defined by another washer of the bolt, the washer and the other washer are axially clamped between the first flange or the swivel and said one of the head and the nut, and the washer is in contact with said one of the head and the nut, or - the washer of the bolt defines a convex spherical surface that contacts a concave spherical surface defined by the first flange or the swivel, and the washer is axially clamped between the first flange or the swivel and said one of the head and the nut. the first flange or the swivel of a fastening system adapted to press the first flange, and / or - the second flange, defines an axial passage for each bolt, and the axial passage - is frustoconical and tapers axially in a direction away from the first support surface, or - has a plurality of successive cylindrical portions with an inner diameter that decreases in a direction away from the first support surface. - a third hollow structural element mechanically attached to the first structural element, the first structural element and the third structural element being intended to form a first pre-assembled system, the third hollow structural element; - a fourth hollow structural element mechanically attached to the second structural element, the second structural element and the fourth structural element being intended to form a second pre-assembled system, the fourth hollow structural element; - a second mechanical connector adapted to connect the third structural element and the fourth structural element together; comprising the third structural element, the fourth structural element and the second connector define a second internal volume, the second connector being structurally similar to said connector.
[0013] The present invention - the structure described above; - a part of a device supported by the structure and proposes an assembly comprising
[0014] In a particular embodiment, the part of the device is a substation comprising an electrical transformer or an electrical converter such as an HV / DC or AC / DC converter, or comprises a gas storage or gas production unit.
[0015] The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing the structure described above or the assembly described above, - providing the first structural element, the second structural element and the connector; - fixing the first flange to the first structural element; - fixing the second flange to the second structural element, and - A method is also proposed which includes fastening a second flange to a first flange using a fastening system, wherein a plurality of bolts press the first and second support surfaces against each other, the second shaft is aligned with the first shaft or misaligned with the first shaft as a result of manufacturing and / or assembly tolerances, and a sealing system extends between the first and second flanges and surrounds the first shaft to seal the internal volume.
[0016] The present invention and its advantages can be better understood by reading the following description, which is provided merely as an example, while referring to the accompanying drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawing]
[0017] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram showing an assembly according to the present invention, including a part of a floating structure and device. [Figure 2] This is a cross-sectional view of the mechanical connector between the first and second structural elements of the structure shown in Figure 1, where the first and second axes defined by the connector are aligned. [Figure 3] Figures 1 and 2 show cross-sectional views of the connecting body, where the first and second axes of the connecting body define positive angles resulting from manufacturing or assembly tolerances. [Figure 4] Figures 1 to 3 show cross-sectional views of the connecting body, where the first and second axes define negative angles resulting from manufacturing or assembly tolerances. [Figure 5] This figure is similar to Figure 2, showing a connecting body relating to the first modified form of the connecting body shown in Figures 1-4, in which the first axis and the second axis defined by the connecting body are aligned. [Figure 6] This is a detailed view of Figure 5, showing the sealing system of the connecting body. [Figure 7] Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the joint, where the first and second axes define positive angles due to manufacturing or assembly tolerances. [Figure 8]This figure, similar to Figure 4, shows a connecting body relating to a second modified form of the connecting body shown in Figures 1-4, in which the first and second axes define negative angles. [Figure 9] This figure, similar to Figure 3, shows a connected body relating to a third modified form of the connected body shown in Figures 1-4, where the first and second axes define positive angles. [Figure 10] This figure, similar to Figure 2, shows a connecting body relating to a fourth modified form of the connecting body shown in Figures 1-4, in which the first and second axes are aligned. [Figure 11] This figure, similar to Figure 2, shows a connected body relating to a fifth modified form of the connected body shown in Figures 1-4, in which the first and second axes are aligned. [Modes for carrying out the invention]
[0018] [assembly] Referring to Figure 1, an assembly 10 according to the present invention will now be described.
[0019] Assembly 10 includes a structure 12 and a portion of a device 14 supported by the structure.
[0020] For example, part of the apparatus 14 is a substation including an electric transformer or electric converter such as an HV / DC or AC / DC, and / or other possibilities include a gas storage or production unit.
[0021] For example, part of the apparatus 14 has a mass exceeding 1,000 metric tons.
[0022] [Structure] The structure 12 is, for example, a fixed structure, and is advantageously jacketed, i.e., a frame structure including tubular steel members.
[0023] The structure 12 includes a first hollow structural element 24 and a second hollow structural element 26, and a mechanical connector 28 adapted to connect the first structural element and the second structural element together.
[0024] In this embodiment, the structure 12 also includes a third hollow structural element 30 mechanically connected to a first structural element 24, and the first and third structural elements form a first pre-assembled system 32. The structure 12 includes, for example, a fourth hollow structural element 34 mechanically connected to a second structural element 26, and the second and fourth structural elements form a second pre-assembled system 36. The structure 12 includes, for example, a second mechanical connector 38 adapted to connect the third structural element 30 and the fourth structural element 34 together.
[0025] The first structural element 24, the second structural element 26, and the connecting body 28 define the internal volume 40 and the external volume 42.
[0026] The third structural element, the fourth structural element, and the second connecting body define, for example, the second internal volume 44.
[0027] For example, the third structural element 30 and the fourth structural element 34 are similar to the first structural element 24 and the second structural element 26, and therefore will not be explained.
[0028] The second connecting body 38 is advantageously structurally similar to the connecting body 28, and therefore will not be explained.
[0029] In certain embodiments, the internal volume 40 and the second internal volume 44 are fluidly connected to each other. In other words, they form a single internal volume.
[0030] In other embodiments, the first structural element 24 and the second structural element 26 are, for example, tubes, and advantageously form a jacket structure or, in a modified form, a platform.
[0031] In a particular embodiment, the first structural element 24 and the second structural element 26 are connected to the third structural element 30 and the fourth structural element 34 by connectors 48 and 50 similar to the connector 28.
[0032] [Concatenation] Referring to Figures 2-4, the connecting body 28 includes a first flange 52 fixed to the first structural element 24 and defining a first axis X1 and a first support surface S1, and a second flange 54 fixed to the second structural element 26 and defining a second axis X2 and a second support surface S2.
[0033] The connecting body 28 includes a fastening system 56 adapted to fasten a second flange 54 to a first flange 52, the fastening system including a plurality of bolts 58 adapted to press the first support surface S1 and the second support surface S2 against each other. Due to the pressure and deformation, the first support surface S1 and the second support surface S2 are advantageously in surface contact with each other when the bolts 58 are tightened.
[0034] The connecting body 28 includes a sealing system 60 adapted to seal the internal volume 40 in relation to the external volume 42, the sealing system extending between the first flange 52 and the second flange 54 and surrounding the first shaft X1.
[0035] "Sealing" means that the sealing system 60 is adapted to prevent a fluid such as air, nitrogen, or water from circulating from the internal volume 40 to the external volume 42 or vice versa under normal operating conditions of the structure 12.
[0036] The connecting body 28 is advantageously adapted to transmit mechanical stress F of, for example, more than 1,000 tons (approximately 10 million Newtons) from the second structural element 26 to the first structural element 24 (or vice versa).
[0037] The internal volume 40 may be pressurized.
[0038] The typical pressure difference between the internal volume 40 and the external volume 42 is 0 to 20 bar.
[0039] The first support surface S1 is spherical and concave, and the first support surface S1 defines the first support surface radius R1.
[0040] In the embodiment, the second support surface S2 is spherical and convex, and the second support surface S2 defines a second support surface radius R2 that is equal to the first support surface radius R1, for example.
[0041] In one modified form (not shown), the second support surface radius R2 is larger than the first support surface radius R1.
[0042] The second axis X2 is intended to be aligned with the first axis X1 (Figure 2) or misaligned with the first axis X1 as a result of manufacturing and / or assembly tolerances (Figures 3 and 4). For example, the first axis X1 and the second axis X2 define a “positive” angle α between them (Figure 3), or a “negative” angle α in the cross-sectional plane P in Figures 3 and 4 (Figure 4).
[0043] In other words, the connecting body 28 is movable (during its assembly) between an ideal configuration in which the first axis X1 and the second axis X2 are aligned with each other (Figure 2), and several configurations in which the second axis X2 is misaligned with respect to the first axis X1 (two of which are shown in Figures 3 and 4).
[0044] The potential angle α is the result of the rotation of the second flange in relation to the first flange, from the ideal configuration to one of the other configurations described above. This rotation can be advantageously in any radial direction in relation to the first axis X1.
[0045] When the first axis X1 and the second axis X2 are aligned, the angle α is 0°.
[0046] The angle α is, for example, between -3.0° and +3.0°, preferably between -1.0° and +1.0°.
[0047] The angle α is, for example, +1.0° in Figure 3 and -1.0° in Figure 4.
[0048] The first flange 52 and the second flange 54 have, for example, an axisymmetric shape with respect to the first axis X1 and the second axis X2, respectively.
[0049] The first flange 52 is welded, for example, to the first structural element 24.
[0050] The first flange 52 includes, for example, a tubular portion 62 that extends along the first axis X1 and defines a first outer diameter D1 in relation to the first axis X1.
[0051] The first flange 52 includes, for example, a first fixing portion 63 that protrudes radially from the tubular portion 62 to form a rim.
[0052] In one modified form (not shown), the first flange 52 does not have a tubular portion, and its outer diameter D1 is defined, for example, by the tubular portion 64 of the first structural element 24.
[0053] The second flange 54 is welded, for example, to the second structural element 26, defining the second outer diameter D2.
[0054] The second flange 54 includes, for example, a tubular portion 65 that extends along the second axis X2 and defines a second outer diameter D2 in relation to the second axis X2. The second flange 54 includes, for example, a second fixing portion 67 that extends radially from the tubular portion 65 and forms a rim. The first fixing portion 63 and the second fixing portion 67 advantageously define a first support surface S1 and a second support surface S2.
[0055] The first fixed portion 63 and the second fixed portion 67 advantageously protrude toward the first axis X1 within the internal volume 40.
[0056] In one modified form (not shown), the first fixing portion 63 and the second fixing portion 67 protrude outward in a direction away from the first axis X1.
[0057] The first fixed portion 63 is, for example, approximately (+ / -15°) perpendicular to the tubular portion 62.
[0058] The second fixed portion 67 has, for example, a proximal portion 67A (Figures 2-4) that is inclined in relation to the tubular portion 65 or the second axis X2, and a distal portion 67B that is approximately (+ / -15°) perpendicular to the tubular portion 65 or the second axis X2.
[0059] The second support surface S2 is defined, for example, by the proximal portion 67A.
[0060] D1 is, for example, 0.50m to 15m, preferably 1.5m to 8m.
[0061] The ratio obtained by dividing the first support surface radius R1 by the first outer diameter D1 favorably defines a ratio of 0.5 to 1.0 ("small ratio"). In this case, the first support surface S1 and the second support surface S2 are not significantly inclined in relation to the first axis X1 (Figures 2-4).
[0062] In the other variations described below (Figures 5-11), the ratio may be, for example, 1.0-20 ("large ratio"). In this case, the first support surface S1 and the second support surface S2 are more inclined in relation to the first axis. In this case, both the first fixing portion 63 and the second fixing portion 67 may be approximately (+ / -15°) perpendicular to the first axis X1. In other words, there is no proximal portion 67A that is less inclined than the distal portion 67B in relation to the tubular portion 65. In the case of the "small ratio" (Figures 2-4), the second flange 54 protrudes axially from the second structural element 26 toward the first structural element 24, which helps to position the first and second structural elements in relation to each other during assembly. This also makes welding the first flange 52 and the second flange 54 to the first structural element 24 and the second structural element 26 easier compared to the case of the "large ratio". However, this means that more metal is needed in the flange, which is longer in the axial direction, compared to the case of a "larger ratio."
[0063] The first flange 52 and the second flange 54 are made of, for example, stainless steel.
[0064] In certain embodiments, the first flange 52 and the second flange 54 include a corrosion-resistant coating known in itself (not shown).
[0065] The coating advantageously defines the first support surface S1 and the second support surface S2.
[0066] [Fastening System] The fastening system 56 is advantageously located within the internal volume 40, which helps protect the fastening system from corrosion or potential mechanical impact.
[0067] In one modified form (not shown), the fastening system 56 may extend within the external volume 42.
[0068] In this embodiment, the fastening system 56 includes a swivel 66 that defines a first axial passage 68 for each bolt 58, and a second flange 54 that defines a second axial passage 70 for each bolt.
[0069] The passages 70 (for each bolt) are, advantageously, located within the second fixing portion 67.
[0070] The bolt 58 is adapted to press the swivel 66 against the first flange 52, with the first flange being axially sandwiched between the swivel and the second flange 54.
[0071] The swivel 66 is advantageously ring-shaped and includes a rim 72 that presses axially against the first flange 52 toward the second flange 54.
[0072] When the fastening system 56 is not tightened, the second flange 54 and swivel 66 are rotatable around the first axis X1 in relation to the first flange 52, which helps to align each bolt 58 with the corresponding first passage or allows the second structural element 26 to rotate in relation to the first structural element 24.
[0073] Each bolt 58 includes a screw head 74 and a nut 76, the head being closer to the first flange 52 or swivel 66 than the nut 76 in this embodiment.
[0074] The term "screw head" means that the head 74 is not intended to move in relation to the screw. However, the head 74 may, advantageously, be formed by a nut. In that case, the bolt 58 may have two nuts instead of one head 74 and one nut 76. The head or the nut are equivalent in this respect.
[0075] The head 74 defines, for example, a convex spherical surface 78 that contacts a concave spherical surface 80 defined by the washer 82, and the washer is sandwiched axially between the swivel 66 and the head 74. The washer 82 is in planar contact with the swivel 66.
[0076] The nut 76 defines a convex spherical surface 84 that contacts a concave spherical surface 88 defined by another washer 90, which is axially sandwiched between the second flange 54 and the nut 76. The other washer 90 is in planar contact with the second flange 54.
[0077] The first axial passage and the second axial passage are, for example, cylindrical.
[0078] Thanks to the aforementioned spherical surfaces 78, 80, 84, and 88, at least some of the bolts 58 can be tilted in relation to the first axial passage 68 and the second axial passage 70 (Figures 3 and 4), and the washers 82 and 90 maintain planar contact with the swivel 66 and the second flange 54, respectively. The spherical surfaces of the bolts 58 (including their washers, if present) allow the threads to form angles different from 90° with the surfaces of the first flange 52 and the second flange 54 that the bolts press against. This also advantageously allows the fastening system 56 to adapt to the fact that the second axis X2 is potentially misaligned in relation to the first axis X1.
[0079] [Sealing System] The sealing system 60 is adapted to ensure a tight seal of the internal volume 40 in any of the above-described arrangements of the connected bodies. This prevents, for example, water from entering the internal volume 40 and / or helps to maintain the internal volume under pressure.
[0080] In this embodiment, the sealing system 60 is in contact with the first support surface S1.
[0081] In one modified form (not shown), the sealing system 60 is in contact with the second support surface S2.
[0082] The fact that at least the first support surface S1 is spherical allows the sealing element to remain in contact with one of the first support surface S1 and the second support surface S2, even if the second axis X2 is misaligned in relation to the first axis X1, i.e., in any of the above-described arrangements of the connecting body 28.
[0083] The sealing system 60 includes, for example, an O-ring 92 that extends into a groove 94 defined by a second flange 54 and is pressed against a first support surface S1. Depending on the shape of the groove 94, the O-ring 92 is not necessarily in contact with the second support surface S2 in the embodiment.
[0084] In one modified form (not shown), the groove 94 is defined by the first flange 52.
[0085] In another variant (not shown), the O-ring 92 is replaced with a flat seal. The shape of the groove 94 is adapted.
[0086] [Connecting body relating to the first transformation form] Referring to Figures 5-7, a connecting body 100 according to the first modified form of the present invention will now be described. Connecting body 100 is similar to the connecting body 28 shown in Figures 1-4. Similar elements are given the same reference numerals and will not be described again. Only the differences will be described below.
[0087] The second axis X2 is intended to be either aligned with the first axis X1 (Figure 5) or offset from the first axis X1 (Figure 7).
[0088] The ratio defined by dividing the radius of the first support surface R1 by the first outer diameter D1 is favorably between 1.0 and 20 ("large ratio"). The first support surface S1 and the second support surface S2 are more inclined than the connecting body in relation to the first axis X1.
[0089] In one modified form (not shown), the second support surface S2 may be flat.
[0090] The fastening system 56 does not include the swivel 66 shown in Figures 2-4. A first axial passage 68 for each bolt 58 is defined by a first flange 52, preferably a first fixing portion 63. The bolts 58 are adapted to press the first flange 52 and the second flange 54 against each other in the axial direction. Within each bolt 58, the nut 74 is closer to the first flange 52 than to the head 74.
[0091] Within the fastening system 56, washer 102 defines a convex spherical surface 78 that is in contact with a concave spherical surface 80 defined by washer 82. Washers 82 and 102 are sandwiched axially between the first flange 52 and the nut 76. Washer 102 is in planar contact with the nut 76. Washer 82 is in planar contact with the first flange 52.
[0092] Washer 104 defines a first convex spherical surface 84 that is in contact with a concave spherical surface 88 defined by washer 90. Washers 90 and 104 are sandwiched axially between the second flange 54 and the head 74. Washer 104 is in planar contact with the head 74. Washer 90 is in planar contact with the second flange 54.
[0093] The sealing system 60 (Figure 6) is defined by a second flange 54 and includes a plurality of rounded folds 106 projecting axially from the second support surface S2.
[0094] In one modified form (not shown), the sealing system 60 includes only one rounded fold.
[0095] In another variant (not shown), the rounded pleat 106 is defined by the first flange 52 and protrudes axially from the first support surface S1.
[0096] For example, round pleat 106 has a length L1 of 10-20 mm and a thickness T1 of 1.0-3.0 mm.
[0097] [Connecting body relating to the second transformation form] Referring to Figure 8, a connecting body 200 according to a second modified form of the present invention will now be described. The connecting body 200 is similar to the connecting body 100 shown in Figures 5 to 7. Similar elements are given the same reference numerals and will not be described again. Only the differences will be described below.
[0098] The sealing system 60 includes a first sealing member 202 and a second sealing member 204, both surrounding the first axis X1, the second sealing member 204 extending further from the first axis X1 than the first sealing member 202.
[0099] The first flange 52, the second flange 54, the first sealing member 202, and the second sealing member 204 define an intermediate volume 206.
[0100] The second flange 54 (or, in one variation, the first flange 52) defines a test port 208 leading from the outer volume 42 to the intermediate volume 206, which allows the intermediate volume to be pressurized. This makes it possible to perform a leak test by pressurizing only the intermediate volume 206 instead of the entire inner volume 40.
[0101] In one modified configuration (not shown), the test port 208 connects the intermediate volume 206 to the internal volume 40.
[0102] For example, the first sealing member 202 and the second sealing member 204 each include O-rings 210 and 212 extending into grooves 214 and 216 defined by the second flange 54 (or, in a modified form, by the first flange 52).
[0103] [Connecting body related to the third transformation form] Referring to Figure 9, a connecting body 300 according to a third modified form of the present invention will now be described. The connecting body 300 is similar to the connecting body 200 shown in Figure 8. Similar elements are given the same reference numerals and will not be described again. Only the differences will be described below.
[0104] Each of the first axial passage 68 and the second axial passage 70 has a plurality of consecutive cylindrical portions 68A, 68B, 68C, 70A, 70B, and 70C with inner diameters D3, D4, and D5 that decrease in the direction away from the first support surface S1. In the embodiment, there are three cylindrical portions in each of the first axial passage 68 and the second axial passage 70.
[0105] D5 is smaller than D4, and D4 is smaller than D3.
[0106] Such shapes of the first axial passage 68 and the second axial passage 70 allow for a greater displacement D6 of the second flange 54 in relation to the first flange 52.
[0107] [Connecting body related to the fourth transformation form] Referring to Figure 10, a connecting body 400 according to a fourth modified form of the present invention will now be described. The connecting body 400 is similar to the connecting body 300 shown in Figure 9. Similar elements are given the same reference numerals and will not be described again. Only the differences will be described below.
[0108] Each bolt 58 does not have a washer.
[0109] The nut 76 (in this case, closer to the first flange 52) defines a convex spherical surface 78 that contacts the concave spherical surface 80 defined by the first flange 52.
[0110] The head portion 74 (in this case, closer to the second flange 54) defines a convex spherical surface 84 that contacts the concave spherical surface 88 defined by the second flange 54.
[0111] [Connecting body related to the fifth transformation form] Referring to Figure 11, a connecting body 500 according to a fifth modified form of the present invention will now be described. The connecting body 500 is similar to the connecting body 200 shown in Figure 8. Similar elements are given the same reference numerals and will not be described again. Only the differences will be described below.
[0112] The first axial passage 68 and the second axial passage 70 are not cylindrical, but frustoconical and taper axially away from the first support surface S1. In other words, the first axial passage 68 and the second axial passage 70 become narrower starting from the first support surface S1.
[0113] Such shapes of the first axial passage 68 and the second axial passage 70 allow for greater displacement of the second flange 54 in relation to the first flange 52, and consequently, a larger potential angle α between the first axis X1 and the second axis X2.
[0114] Each bolt 58 contains only two washers 82 and 90 (similar to the connecting body 28 shown in Figures 2-4).
[0115] The nut 76 (closer in this embodiment to the first flange 52) defines a convex spherical surface 78 that contacts the concave spherical surface 80 defined by the washer 82, and the washer 82 is sandwiched axially between the first flange 52 and the nut 76. The washer 82 is in planar contact with the first flange 52.
[0116] The head portion 74 (proximity in this embodiment by the second flange 52) defines a convex spherical surface 88 that contacts a concave spherical surface 88 defined by the washer 90.
[0117] In one modified configuration (not shown), the washer 82 defines a convex spherical surface 78 that contacts a concave spherical surface 80 defined by the first flange 52, and the washer 82 is sandwiched axially between the first flange 52 and the nut 76. The washer 82 is in planar contact with the nut 76. The washer 90 defines a convex spherical surface 84 that contacts a concave spherical surface 88 defined by the second flange 54, and the washer 90 is sandwiched axially between the second flange 54 and the head 74. In this modified configuration, the washer 90 is in planar contact with the head 74.
[0118] [Method for manufacturing the structure] The manufacturing method for structure 12 is described here.
[0119] A first structural element 24, a second structural element 26, and a connector 28 are prepared. Depending on the modified form, connectors 100, 200, 300, 400, or 500 are prepared instead of connector 28.
[0120] In the embodiment, a third structural element 30, a fourth structural element 34, and a second connector 38 are also prepared.
[0121] The first flange 52 and the second flange 54 are fixed, and preferably welded, to the first structural element 24 and the second structural element 26, respectively.
[0122] In this embodiment, the first structural element 24 is also fixed to the third structural element 30, and the second structural element 26 is also fixed to the fourth structural element 34. Once assembled, the first structural element 24 and the third structural element 30 form a first pre-assembled system 32. Once assembled, the second structural element 26 and the fourth structural element 34 form a second pre-assembled system 36.
[0123] The fastening system 56 is used to fasten the second flange 54 to the first flange 52, with a plurality of bolts 58 pressing against each other to bring the first support surface S1 and the second support surface S2 into surface contact. The second shaft X2 is either aligned with the first shaft X1 or misaligned with the first shaft X1 as a result of manufacturing and / or assembly tolerances. The sealing system 60 extends between the first flange 52 and the second flange 54, surrounding the first shaft X1 and sealing the internal volume 40.
[0124] In the embodiment, the same is done, for example, simultaneously, to the second connector 38 in order to connect the third structural element 30 and the fourth structural element 34 together and seal the second internal volume 44 they form. In this way, the first pre-assembled system 32 is connected to the second pre-assembled system 36, allowing for assembly tolerances between the pre-assembled systems 32 and 36, despite the manufacturing tolerances present in these pre-assembled systems.
[0125] Thanks to the features described above, the first structural element 24 and the second structural element 26 of the structure 12 can be quickly assembled using bolts 58. Due to the ability of the connectors 28, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 to accommodate potential manufacturing or assembly tolerances, the sealing system 60 allows for a complete tightening of the internal volume 40, even if the second axis X2 is slightly misaligned with respect to the first axis X1. Thus, a quick and secure assembly is possible, thereby reducing investment costs.
[0126] In the embodiment, the connector 26 and the second connector 38 enable the first pre-assembled system 32 and the second pre-assembled system 36 to be quickly connected together, while ensuring a perfect tight fit between the internal volume 40 and the second internal volume 44, regardless of potential manufacturing tolerances and / or assembly tolerances (inside the pre-assembled systems 32 and 36). [Explanation of symbols]
[0127] 10 Assembly 12 Structure 24. First hollow structural element 26. Second hollow structural element 28 Mechanical connections 40 Internal volume 42 External volume 52 First flange 54 Second flange 56 Fastening Systems 58 volts 60 sealing systems
Claims
1. - The first hollow structural element (24) and the second hollow structural element (26), - Mechanical connectors (28, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500) adapted to connect both the first structural element (24) and the second structural element (26), In a structure (12) including, The first structural element (24), the second structural element (26), and the connecting members (28, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500) define the internal volume (40) and the external volume (42), and the connecting members (28, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500) are, - A first flange (52) fixed to the first structural element (24) and defining the first axis (X1) and the first support surface (S1), - A second flange (54) fixed to the second structural element (26) and defining the second axis (X2) and the second support surface (S2), - A fastening system (56) adapted to fasten a second flange (54) to a first flange (52), wherein the fastening system (56) includes a plurality of bolts (58) adapted to press a first support surface (S1) and a second support surface (S2) against each other, and the second shaft (X2) is intended to be aligned with the first shaft (X1) or misaligned with the first shaft (X1) as a result of manufacturing and / or assembly tolerances, - A sealing system (60) adapted to seal an internal volume (40), wherein the sealing system (60) extends between a first flange (52) and a second flange (54) and surrounds a first shaft (X1), and the sealing system (60) is in contact with a first support surface (S1) or a second support surface (S2), It includes, The first support surface (S1) is spherical and concave, and the first support surface (S1) defines the first support surface radius (R1). Structure (12).
2. The second support surface (S2) is spherical and convex, and the second support surface (S2) is - Equal to the first support surface radius (R1), or - Larger than the first support surface radius (R1) The structure (12) according to claim 1, which defines a second support surface radius (R2).
3. The structure (12) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fastening system (56) extends within the internal volume (40).
4. The sealing system (60) - A flat seal extending into a groove defined by the first flange (52) or the second flange (54), - One or more rounded folds (106) defined by the first flange (52) or the second flange (54) and projecting axially from the first support surface (S1) or the second support surface (S2), - One or more O-rings (92) extending into one or more grooves (94) defined by the first flange (52) or the second flange (54), A structure (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, including the structure described in any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. - The sealing system (60) includes a first sealing member (202) and a second sealing member (204) that both surround a first shaft (X1), wherein the second sealing member (204) extends further from the first shaft (X1) than the first sealing member (202), - The first flange (52), the second flange (54), the first sealing member (202), and the second sealing member (204) define the intermediate volume (206). - A first flange (52) or a second flange (54) defines a test port (208) that allows pressurization of the intermediate volume (206) from the internal volume (40) or external volume (42) toward the intermediate volume (206). The structure (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. - The fastening system (56) includes a swivel (66) that defines a first axial passage (68) for each bolt (58), - The second flange (54) defines a second axial passage (70) for each bolt (58), - The bolt (58) is adapted to press the swivel (66) against the first flange (52), and the first flange (52) is axially sandwiched between the swivel (66) and the second flange (54). - When the fastening system (56) is not tightened, the second flange (54) and swivel (66) are rotatably movable around the first axis (X1) in relation to the first flange (52). The structure (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The structure (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first flange (52) includes a tubular portion (62) that extends along a first axis (X1) and defines a first outer diameter (D1) of 0.50 m to 15 m, preferably 1.5 to 8 m.
8. The first flange (52) includes a tubular portion (62) that extends along the first axis (X1) and defines a first outer diameter (D1), and the first support surface radius (R1) divided by the first outer diameter (D1) is - 0.5 to 1.0, or － １．０～２０ A structure (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which defines the ratio of the following.
9. Each bolt (58) includes a screw head (74) and a nut (76), with one of the head (74) and the nut (76) being closer to the second flange (54) than the other. - Either the head (74) or the nut (76) defines a convex spherical surface (84) that contacts a concave spherical surface (88) defined by the second flange (54), - The head (74) and the nut (76) define a convex spherical surface (84) that contacts a concave spherical surface (88) defined by the washer (90) of the bolt (58), and the washer (90) is axially sandwiched between the second flange (54) and the head (74) and the nut (76), - The washer (104) of the bolt (58) defines a first convex spherical surface (84) that contacts a concave spherical surface (88) defined by another washer (90) of the bolt (58), and the washer (104) and the other washer (90) are axially sandwiched between the second flange (54) and one of the head (74) and nut (76), and the washer (104) is in contact with one of the head (74) and nut (76), or - The washer (104) of the bolt (58) defines a convex spherical surface (84) that contacts a concave spherical surface (88) defined by the second flange (54), and the washer (104) is sandwiched axially between the second flange (54) and one of the head (74) and nut (76). The structure (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Each bolt (58) includes a screw head (74) and a nut (76), with one of the head (74) and the nut (76) being closer to the first flange (52) or the swivel (66) of the fastening system (56) adapted to press against the first flange (52). - Either the head (74) or the nut (76) defines a convex spherical surface (78) that contacts a concave spherical surface (80) defined by the first flange (52) or swivel (66), - Either the head (74) or the nut (76) defines a convex spherical surface (78) that contacts a concave spherical surface (80) defined by the washer (82) of the bolt (58), and the washer (82) is axially sandwiched between the first flange (52) or swivel (66) and either the head (74) or the nut (76), - The washer (102) of the bolt defines a convex spherical surface (78) that contacts a concave spherical surface (80) defined by another washer (82) of the bolt (58), and the washer (102) and the other washer (82) are axially sandwiched between the first flange (52) or swivel (66) and the head (74) and nut (76), and the washer (102) is in contact with the head (74) and nut (76), or - The washer (102) of the bolt (58) defines a convex spherical surface (78) that contacts a concave spherical surface (80) defined by the first flange (52) or swivel (66), and the washer (102) is axially sandwiched between the first flange (52) or swivel (66) and one of the head (74) and nut (76). The structure (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. - A swivel (66) of a fastening system (56) adapted to press against the first flange (52), and / or - The second flange (54) An axial passage (68, 70) is defined for each bolt (58), and the axial passage (68, 70) is - It is a frustoconical shape, tapering axially away from the first support surface (S1), or - It has a plurality of continuous cylindrical portions (68A, 68B, 68C, 70A, 70B, 70C) with inner diameters (D3, D4, D5) that decrease in the direction away from the first support surface (S1), The structure (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. - A third hollow structural element (30) mechanically attached to a first structural element (24), wherein the first structural element (24) and the third structural element (30) are intended to form a first pre-assembled system (32), - A fourth hollow structural element (34) mechanically attached to a second structural element (26), wherein the second structural element (26) and the fourth structural element (34) are intended to form a second pre-assembled system (36), - A second mechanical connector (38) adapted to connect both the third structural element (30) and the fourth structural element (34), Includes, The third structural element (30), the fourth structural element (34), and the second connecting body (38) define the second internal volume (44), and the second connecting body (38) is structurally similar to the connecting body (28). The structure (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
13. - A structure (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, - A part of the device (14) supported by the structure (12), Assembly (10), including the assembly.
14. The assembly (10) according to claim 13, wherein part of the device (14) is a substation including an electric transformer or electric converter such as an HV / DC or AC / DC, or includes a gas storage or gas production unit.
15. A method for manufacturing a structure (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 12 or an assembly (10) according to claim 13 or 14, - Prepare the first structural element (24), the second structural element (26), and the connecting body (28), - The first flange (52) is fixed to the first structural element (24), - The second flange (54) is fixed to the second structural element (26), and A method comprising: fastening a second flange (54) to a first flange (52) using a fastening system (56), wherein a plurality of bolts (58) press a first support surface (S1) and a second support surface (S2) against each other, wherein a second shaft (X2) is aligned with a first shaft (X1) or misaligned with a first shaft (X1) as a result of manufacturing and / or assembly tolerances, and a sealing system (60) extends between the first flange (52) and the second flange (54) and surrounds the first shaft (X1) to seal an internal volume (40).