Method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally formed by copper-aluminum die casting, and heat sink

Abstract

This application discloses a composite heat sink for laser chips, prepared by an integrated die-casting process of aluminum and copper. In the process, after preparing the copper heat sink assembly structure, it is stably placed in an anti-gravity die-casting mold to form an aluminum die-cast and copper-aluminum composite, and the composite work-in-progress is prepared after (T4+T6) heat treatment. This improves the overall performance of the heat sink, such as hardness and dimensional stability, and enables the heat sink to maintain high dimensional stability, resistance to thermal shock and high temperature and humidity even in harsh environments from -40°C to 280°C. By forming a heat dissipation / heat exchange channel using a single T2 copper and using an advanced refrigerant, and in combination with the structure of the cooling unit, a completely sealed cooling circulation system is formed, which solves the problems of water electrolysis of the refrigerant, microbial growth, oxidation or corrosion of the channel during use, and enables the formation of an integrated laser pump source structure that is simple in structure, efficient cooling, dimensionally stable, and easy to process afterward, resulting in high reliability, low cost, and improved product competitiveness.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of semiconductor chip preparation, and specifically relates to a preparation method of a composite heat sink for laser chips integrally formed by copper-aluminum die casting and the heat sink thereof.

[0002] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims priority based on the Chinese application filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on July 3, 2024, with application number 2024108813047 and entitled "Preparation Method of Composite Heat Sink for Laser Chip Integrally Formed by Copper-Aluminum Die Casting and the Heat Sink", the entire content of which is incorporated into this application by reference.

BACKGROUND ART

[0003] A laser chip is a semiconductor chip device that generates laser light, is the core component of a laser diode, and is a special chip that excites atoms or molecules in a semiconductor material to generate a coherent beam.

[0004] The working principle of the laser chip is based on stimulated emission: electrons and positrons are injected into the semiconductor material by the laser diode, the electrons transition to a low energy state, and laser light is generated through stimulated emission. This laser light is generally monochromatic and coherent, with high energy and a narrow spectral width. Laser chips are widely applied in fields including optical communications (used in laser transmitters and receivers in optical fiber communication systems), laser printers (used for laser output in printers), medical equipment (used in medical equipment such as laser therapeutic apparatuses and laser surgery devices), rangefinders (used in measuring equipment such as laser rangefinders and laser radars), optical sensors (used in various optical sensors such as photoelectric switches), and cutting and welding (used for material cutting, welding and processing). Due to their small size, high efficiency and adjustability, laser chips have become an indispensable component in modern science, technology and industry.

[0005] A large amount of heat is generated during the operation of a laser chip, and if this heat cannot be dissipated effectively, the chip's temperature will rise, impairing the laser's performance and stability. Therefore, heat dissipation is necessary to ensure that the chip's temperature remains relatively low during operation.

[0006] Conventional heat sinks for laser chips typically use copper or aluminum, and these heat sinks utilize the good thermal conductivity of the metal to release heat from the chip and carry it away through the cooling channels of the heat sink fins.

[0007] However, the inventors realized that these heat sinks still had the following drawbacks.

[0008] 1. When using pure aluminum or pure copper as materials, pure aluminum has a thermal conductivity of 205 W / m·K to 235 W / m·K, resulting in relatively low heat transfer efficiency and poor heat dissipation. Although copper has a thermal conductivity of 401 W / (m·K), the yield of pure copper is less than 50%, leading to material waste in areas where heat dissipation is unnecessary, resulting in low utilization rate and high costs.

[0009] 2. When designing the entire product from a single material, the entire product can only be processed using mechanical processes, resulting in a complex structure, long processing times, high processing costs, susceptibility to cracking and deformation, a low yield rate, and a short service life.

[0010] 3. Limitations on heat conduction paths: In the design of heat sinks, the presence of intersections in heat conduction paths can obstruct the flow of coolant, reducing heat conduction efficiency or resulting in uneven heat conduction, thus impairing the overall heat dissipation effect.

[0011] 4. Different materials in the cooling system: The heat sink flow path and cooling unit are made of multiple types of materials, and electrochemical reactions occur during use, leading to electrolytic corrosion of the materials, which increases maintenance costs and shortens the service life. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0012] To address the problems inherent in conventional heat sinks used in the preparation process of semiconductor laser chips, such as their unreasonable design, wasteful use of materials, high cost, reliance on mechanical processing, susceptibility to cracking, short service life, and poor heat dissipation, this application provides a method for preparing a composite heat sink for laser chips, integrally molded by die-casting copper-aluminum, which is more rationally designed, more cost-effective, less prone to cracking, has a longer service life, and offers good heat dissipation. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] The proposed technology in this application includes the following steps:

[0014] This application provides a method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally molded by die casting of copper-aluminum. The method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally molded by die casting of copper-aluminum, includes the following steps: Step S1: Prepare the inner core member of the heat sink, including the inner core member body and the inner core member accessories. Step S11: A copper rod is placed in the inner core member body mold, and tensile force is applied to form several inner core member bodies that conform to the shape of the inner core member body mold. Further milling is performed on the inner core member bodies to complete the preparation of the inner core member bodies made of pure copper. Step S12: Several prepared inner core member bodies and inner core member accessories are welded together as a single unit. Step S13: The integrally welded inner core member body and inner core member accessories are subjected to copper polishing, cleaning, nickel plating and drying treatment, thereby completing the preparation of the inner core member of the heat sink, including the inner core member body and inner core member accessories. Step S14: Fill the inner core member with foundry sand. Step S2: Prepare the heat sink housing and form a copper-aluminum composite workpiece by integrating the inner core member and the housing. Step S21: Prepare the aluminum solution, Step S22: Place the prepared inner core member into an anti-gravity cavity mold, fill the cavity mold with the prepared aluminum liquid, perform die casting, and form a copper-aluminum composite work-in-progress in which the copper inner core member body and inner core member accessories are enclosed in an aluminum housing, demold and allow to cool naturally to 20-35°C. Step S23: Finish the housing, remove the material strips and slag bags, and blow away and remove the casting sand from the inner core members of the heat sink. Step S24: Perform T4+T6 heat treatment on the housing after die casting. Step S25: Perform CNC rough machining on the heat-treated housing. Step S26: Wash and dry the copper-aluminum composite work-in-progress after rough machining.

[0015] Optionally, performing the T4+T6 heat treatment on the housing after die casting in step S24 includes, specifically, the following substeps: Step S241: A solution treatment in which the housing is heated to a solid solution temperature to incorporate solute atoms in the housing into the solvent lattice, the solid solution temperature being 470°C to 540°C, and the treatment time being 2 to 3 hours. Step S242: Rapid cooling treatment, in which a quench treatment is performed on the housing after the solution treatment, and the housing is rapidly cooled to 20°C to 35°C. Step S243: Aging treatment, in which the housing after the rapid cooling treatment is continuously heated at a temperature of 120°C to 200°C for 2 to 3 hours. Step S244: Natural cooling treatment, in which the housing after aging treatment is left to stand at 20°C to 35°C.

[0016] Optionally, preparing the aluminum solution in step S21 may include the following steps: Step S211: Heat and stir the aluminum material, add a grain refiner to the molten aluminum material to form molten aluminum, Step S212: Further, degassing treatment is performed on the molten aluminum to which the grain refiner is added, so as to form an aluminum liquid.

[0017] Optionally, performing copper polishing, cleaning, nickel plating and drying treatment on the integrally welded inner core member main body and inner core member accessory in step S13 specifically includes the following: removing the oxide layer by copper polishing, performing cleaning with an ultrasonic degreasing agent, performing pure water rinsing, performing surface nickel plating treatment, performing air cut dehydration, and performing tunnel type drying, wherein the drying temperature is 100°C or lower. Performing cleaning and drying on the integrated copper-aluminum composite semi-finished product in step S26 specifically includes the following: performing cleaning with an ultrasonic degreasing agent, performing pure water rinsing, performing air cut dehydration, and performing tunnel type drying, wherein the drying temperature is 100°C or lower.

[0018] Optionally, performing milling on the inner core member main body in step S11 specifically adopts a CNC machining process to perform milling on the inner core member main body, and performing CNC rough machining on the heat-treated housing in step S25 is specifically performing milling and drilling on the housing 3.

[0019] Optionally, in preparing the aluminum liquid in step S21, the weight ratio of the grain refiner to the aluminum liquid is 0.2:100.

[0020] Optionally, in die casting solidification shrinkage in step S22, the die casting treatment is carried out at a temperature of 500°C to 800°C, a pressure of 80MPa to 120MPa, and a time of 150s to 220s.

[0021] Optionally, applying the tensile force in step S11 means that the tensile force is 15000N to 22000N.

[0022] The present application further discloses a composite heat sink for laser chips, which is integrally formed by die casting of copper and aluminum. The composite heat sink for laser chips integrally formed by die casting of copper and aluminum is prepared by the preparation method of the composite heat sink for laser chips integrally formed by die casting of copper and aluminum, and comprises a plurality of inner core member bodies, inner core member accessories, and a housing. The inner core member accessories include a plurality of connection heads and a plurality of pipelines, one of the connection heads is welded and fixed to one end of the first inner core member body, another of the connection heads is welded and fixed to one end of the last inner core member body, the plurality of inner core member bodies are connected by the pipelines in a head-to-tail sequential manner, the integrally welded inner core member bodies and the inner core member accessories are enclosed by the housing, the inner core member bodies are made of pure copper, and the housing is made of aluminum die-cast material.

[0023] Optionally, the inner core member body includes an inner tube and an outer wall, a plurality of heat dissipation grooves are provided on the inner wall of the inner tube, a plurality of grooves are provided on the outer wall, the diameter of the inner tube is the same as the inner diameter of the connection head and the diameter of the pipeline, and the cross section of the structure formed by the plurality of heat dissipation grooves is in a gear shape.

[0024] The present application has the following beneficial effects.

[0025] (1) In the preparation method, first, the inner core member of the heat sink, including the inner core member body and inner core member accessories made of copper, is prepared, and then, in the preparation process of the aluminum housing, the inner core member is stably installed in the housing using die casting and T4+T6 heat treatment methods. The copper-aluminum composite member formed by combining the inner core member having the copper inner core member body and the aluminum housing has better strength and wear resistance. This improves the overall performance of the heat sink, and the heat sink can maintain high dimensional stability, resistance to cold and thermal shock, and resistance to high temperature and humidity even in harsh environments of -40°C to 280°C. Furthermore, because it is not a simple mechanical process, the heat sink is less likely to crack and deform, and surface treatment can be applied to both the inner core member and the housing of the heat sink to guarantee the heat dissipation effect of the heat sink.

[0026] (2) The inner core body of the heat sink is made of pure copper, and the housing of the heat sink is made of die-cast aluminum. By using specific materials in specific areas, material waste is avoided, and costs can be reduced. The design of the heat dissipation grooves in the inner core body increases the heat dissipation area and improves heat dissipation efficiency. The design of the grooves on the outer wall of the inner core body makes the connection between the inner core body and the housing of the heat sink more stable, resulting in higher structural dimensional stability, a longer service life, and reduced maintenance costs. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0027] [Figure 1] This is a flowchart of the method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, which is integrally molded by die-casting copper and aluminum, according to this application. [Figure 2] This is a schematic perspective view of the internal structure of a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally molded by die-casting copper-aluminum, according to this application. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of the internal core component of a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally molded by die-casting copper and aluminum, as per the present application. [Figure 4]This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inner core member body of a composite heat sink for a laser chip, which is integrally molded by die-casting copper and aluminum, according to this application. [Figure 5] This is a flowchart of the method for preparing the heat sink according to this application. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0028] To clarify the technical problem, technical solution, and beneficial effects that this application aims to solve, the application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. The specific examples described herein are for interpretation purposes only and do not limit this application.

[0029] Example 1: As shown in Figure 1, a method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally molded by copper-aluminum die casting, includes the following steps.

[0030] S1: Prepare the inner core component of the heat sink, which includes the inner core component body 1 and the inner core component accessories 2.

[0031] S11: A copper rod with a purity of 99.9% (i.e., T2 copper) is placed in the mold for the inner core member body 1, and a tensile force of 20,000 N is applied to form several inner core member bodies 1 that conform to the shape of the mold for the inner core member body 1. Further milling is performed on the inner core member body 1, that is, a long structure is formed by drawing based on the required length of the inner core member body 1, and it is cut into several inner core member bodies 1 of predetermined lengths to complete the preparation of the inner core member body 1 made of pure copper.

[0032] As shown in Figure 4, each inner core member body 1 includes an inner tube 4 having heat dissipation grooves 6 and an outer wall having grooves 7. Therefore, a first projection that matches the shape of the heat dissipation grooves 6 and a second projection that matches the shape of the grooves 7 are provided within the mold of the inner core member body 1. By adopting a drawing process, the process is simple, the required shape can be formed easily and quickly, and since the thermal conductivity of pure copper is 401 W / (m·K), the inner core member body 1 made of pure copper can be used as a core component, there is no waste of material, and production costs can be reduced.

[0033] S12: As shown in Figures 2 and 3, several prepared inner core member bodies 1 and inner core member accessories 2 are welded together as a single unit. The inner core member accessories 2 include a connecting head 8 and a conduit 9, allowing coolant to flow through the radiator. The pure copper inner core member body 1 may also be called a T2 level copper heat dissipation / heat exchange channel, and the coolant may be an advanced refrigerant. The radiator has a liquid inlet and outlet, with the first connecting head 8 serving as the liquid inlet and welded to one end of the first inner core member body 1. The second connecting head 8 serving as the liquid outlet and welded to one end of the last inner core member body 1. Two inner core member bodies 1 are placed between the first and last inner core member bodies 1, and the inner core member bodies 1 communicate with each other via a conduit 9, which is also welded to the inner core member bodies 1. The inner core member as a whole has a structure with multiple curves, which further increases the heat dissipation area and improves heat dissipation efficiency. The robust internal core component provides a reliable cooling circulation system, which can also be called a fully sealed cooling circulation system. With the further use of advanced coolants, it is possible to solve the problems of water electrolysis, microbial growth, and oxidation or corrosion of the flow path that occur when the coolant is used in related technologies, and the heat sink according to this application can be maintenance-free for more than 10 years.

[0034] S13: The integrally welded inner core member body 1 and inner core member accessories 2 are subjected to copper polishing, cleaning, nickel plating, and drying. First, copper polishing is performed to remove the surface oxide layer, and cleaning with an ultrasonic oil remover is performed to efficiently remove oil stains and impurities from the surface of the inner core member, ensuring the cleanliness of the inner core member surface. Then, a pure water rinse is performed, followed by nickel plating of the surface to prevent oxidation and prevent the risk of mutual melting of copper and aluminum at high temperatures, and then air-cut dewatering is performed. This allows for rapid removal of moisture from the workpiece surface, reduces the residue of water stains, and contributes to the execution of subsequent drying and painting processes. Then, tunnel drying is performed at a drying temperature of 100°C or less, which can be adjusted according to actual needs, to rapidly evaporate moisture from the surface of the inner core member, ensuring the surface of the inner core member is dry and avoiding problems caused by residual moisture. Finally, a pure water rinse thoroughly cleans away residual cleaning agents and other impurities, avoiding negative impacts on subsequent processes. In this way, the inner core member of the heat sink, including the inner core member body 1 and the inner core member accessories 2, is prepared.

[0035] S14: Fill the inner core member with casting sand so that the hollow structure can withstand a casting pressure of 100 MPa.

[0036] S2: The housing 3 of the heat sink is prepared, and a copper-aluminum composite workpiece is formed by integrating the inner core member and the housing 3.

[0037] S21: Prepare the aluminum solution. Specifically, this includes the following steps:

[0038] S211: Aluminum material with model number A356 is heated and stirred at a temperature of 700℃ to 750℃, and a grain refiner is added to the molten aluminum material to form molten aluminum.

[0039] S212: Furthermore, the molten aluminum to which the grain refiner has been added is subjected to a degassing treatment to form a formulated aluminum solution that meets the requirements.

[0040] The weight ratio of the grain refiner to the aluminum liquid is 0.2:100. The grain refiner primarily functions to improve the microstructure of the casting, refine the grains, improve the mechanical properties and surface quality of the casting, and reduce defects such as shrinkage cavities and blowholes. The degassing treatment primarily removes gas from the aluminum liquid, reduces the occurrence of shrinkage cavities and blowholes, and can improve the density and mechanical properties of the casting.

[0041] S22: The prepared inner core member is placed in an anti-gravity cavity mold, the prepared aluminum liquid is filled into the cavity mold, and die casting is performed to form a copper-aluminum composite work-in-progress by enclosing the copper inner core member body 1 and inner core member accessories 2 in an aluminum housing 3. The die casting process is performed at a temperature of 750°C, a pressure of 100 MPa, and a time of 180 s.

[0042] The shape of the inner wall of the cavity mold matches the shape of the inner core member and the housing, and the gap in the cavity mold is filled with aluminum liquid to enclose the inner core member.

[0043] Furthermore, after forming a copper-aluminum composite workpiece by enclosing the copper inner core body and inner core body accessories in an aluminum housing, it is demolded and allowed to cool naturally to 20-35°C.

[0044] S23: The housing 3 is finished to remove the material strips and slag bags, i.e., the material strips and slag bags are removed using a saw cutting machine. The material strips are scraps formed in the material wells of the mold during the die-casting process. To ensure that the elements are completely filled into the mold, the material wells are placed in positions that are difficult to fill based on the shape of the product, and a large amount of aluminum liquid is filled into these areas to achieve the objective of complete filling. The slag bags are the residues formed in the material bags at the material inlet of the mold. The material bags are devices that supply metal liquid to the mold during the die-casting process. They are located in the material supply system of the die-casting machine and are connected to the die-casting mold to deliver the metal liquid to the mold cavity. The casting sand from the inner core members of the radiator is blown off and removed, i.e., the casting sand from the inner core members of the radiator is blown off and removed using a high-pressure air gun.

[0045] S24: The housing 3 after die-casting is subjected to T4+T6 heat treatment. Specifically, this includes the following steps.

[0046] S241: A solution treatment in which the housing 3 is heated to a solid solution temperature to incorporate solute atoms in the housing 3 into the solvent lattice. The solute is a substance that dissolves in the aluminum solvent, and the solvent lattice is the crystalline structure of the main components of the housing 3, where atoms are arranged regularly to form a lattice structure. The solid solution temperature is 520°C, the treatment time is 3 hours, and this process can improve the uniformity and hardness of the housing 3, as well as adjust the mechanical and chemical properties of the alloy.

[0047] S242: A rapid cooling treatment is performed on the housing 3 after the solution treatment, quenching the housing 3 to rapidly cool it to 20°C to 35°C, thereby preventing the precipitation of solute from the solid solution as much as possible.

[0048] S243: This is an aging treatment in which the housing 3, after the rapid cooling treatment, is continuously heated at a temperature of 180°C for 3 hours. This increases the hardness and strength of the alloy.

[0049] S244: This is a natural cooling treatment in which the housing 3 after aging treatment is left to stand at 20°C to 35°C, allowing the solute inside the housing 3 solid solution to gradually diffuse and precipitate, forming the required strengthening phase, thereby further increasing the hardness and strength of the housing 3.

[0050] The T4+T6 heat treatment described above precipitates solid solutes in the solid solution within the alloy, forming a strengthening phase. This increases the hardness and strength of the alloy and raises the hardness of the housing 3 to 95HV or higher. In laser chips, in special application fields such as aerospace, automotive electronics, and industrial inspection, where the ambient temperature is between -40°C and 280°C, heat sinks in related technologies can easily crack, preventing them from functioning properly. In contrast, the heat sink according to this application can maintain high dimensional stability, resistance to thermal shock and high temperature / humidity even in harsh environments of -40°C to 280°C.

[0051] S25: CNC rough machining is performed on the heat-treated housing 3, that is, a reference is set using the reference hole on the heat-treated housing 3 and CNC cutting is performed to form an XYZ reference, thereby contributing to precise positioning and finishing in subsequent processes.

[0052] S26: The copper-aluminum composite work-in-progress with an internal core component is cleaned and dried. First, it is cleaned with an ultrasonic oil remover to efficiently remove oil stains and impurities from the surface of the housing 3, ensuring the cleanliness of the housing 3 surface. Then, it is rinsed with pure water and dewatered using air cut. This quickly removes moisture from the surface of the workpiece, reduces the residue of water stains, and contributes to the execution of subsequent drying and painting processes. Then, tunnel drying is performed at a drying temperature of 100°C or less. This quickly evaporates moisture from the surface of the housing 3, ensuring the surface of the housing 3 is dry and avoiding problems caused by residual moisture. The pure water rinse thoroughly cleans away any remaining cleaning agents and other impurities, avoiding negative impacts on subsequent processes.

[0053] Optionally, in step S11, milling of the inner core member body 1 is performed as a CNC machining process, and milling is performed on the inner core member body 1. In step S25, rough CNC machining is performed on the heat-treated housing to perform a precise surface treatment, ensuring the accuracy of the dimensions and shape of the inner core member body 1 and the housing 3. By performing the machining automatically with a CNC machine, production efficiency is greatly improved, the time spent on manual operation is reduced, and the cost of manual operation is lowered. Furthermore, CNC machining allows for stable machining quality during the production process and reduces errors due to human factors.

[0054] Example 2: A method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally molded by die-casting copper-aluminum, includes the following steps.

[0055] S1: Prepare the inner core component of the heat sink, which includes the inner core component body 1 and the inner core component accessories 2.

[0056] S11: A copper rod with a purity of 99.9% is placed in the mold for the inner core member body 1, and a tensile force of 15,000 N is applied to form several inner core member bodies 1 that conform to the shape of the mold for the inner core member body 1. Further milling is performed on the inner core member body 1, that is, a long structure is formed by drawing based on the required length of the inner core member body 1, and it is cut into several inner core member body 1 of predetermined lengths to prepare the inner core member body 1 made of pure copper.

[0057] As shown in Figure 4, each inner core member body 1 includes an inner tube 4 having heat dissipation grooves 6 and an outer wall 5 having grooves 7. Therefore, a first projection that matches the shape of the heat dissipation grooves 6 and a second projection that matches the shape of the grooves 7 are provided within the mold of the inner core member body 1. By adopting a drawing process, the process is simple, the required shape can be formed easily and quickly, and since the thermal conductivity of pure copper is 401 W / (m·K), the inner core member body 1 made of pure copper can be used as a core component, there is no waste of material, and production costs can be reduced.

[0058] S12: As shown in Figures 2 and 3, several prepared inner core member bodies 1 and inner core member accessories 2 are welded together as a single unit. The inner core member accessories 2 include a connecting head 8 and a conduit 9, allowing coolant to flow into the radiator. The radiator has a liquid inlet and outlet, with the first connecting head 8 serving as the liquid inlet and welded to one end of the first inner core member body 1, the second connecting head 8 serving as the liquid outlet and welded to one end of the last inner core member body 1, with two inner core member bodies 1 placed between the first and last inner core member bodies 1, the inner core member bodies 1 communicating with each other via a conduit 9, and the conduit 9 also welded to the inner core member bodies 1, so that the inner core member as a whole has a structure with multiple curves, which further increases the heat dissipation area and improves the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0059] S13: The integrally welded inner core member body 1 and inner core member accessories 2 are subjected to copper polishing, cleaning, nickel plating, and drying. First, copper polishing is performed to remove the surface oxide layer, and cleaning with an ultrasonic oil remover is performed to efficiently remove oil stains and impurities from the surface of the inner core member, ensuring the cleanliness of the inner core member surface. Then, a pure water rinse is performed, followed by nickel plating of the surface to prevent oxidation and prevent the risk of mutual melting of copper and aluminum at high temperatures, and then air-cut dewatering is performed. This allows for rapid removal of moisture from the workpiece surface, reduces the residue of water stains, and contributes to the execution of subsequent drying and painting processes. Then, tunnel drying is performed at a drying temperature of 100°C or less, which can be adjusted according to actual needs, to rapidly evaporate moisture from the surface of the inner core member, ensuring the surface of the inner core member is dry and avoiding problems caused by residual moisture. Finally, a pure water rinse thoroughly cleans away residual cleaning agents and other impurities, avoiding negative impacts on subsequent processes. In this way, the inner core member of the heat sink, including the inner core member body 1 and the inner core member accessories 2, is prepared.

[0060] S14: Fill the inner core member with casting sand so that the hollow structure can withstand a casting pressure of 100 MPa.

[0061] S2: The housing 3 of the heat sink is prepared, and a copper-aluminum composite workpiece is formed by integrating the inner core member and the housing 3.

[0062] S21: Prepare the aluminum solution. Specifically, this includes the following steps:

[0063] S211: The aluminum material is heated and stirred, and a grain refiner is added to the molten aluminum material to form molten aluminum.

[0064] S212: Furthermore, the molten aluminum to which the grain refiner has been added is subjected to a degassing treatment to form a formulated aluminum solution that meets the requirements.

[0065] The weight ratio of the grain refiner to the aluminum liquid is 0.2:100. The grain refiner primarily functions to improve the microstructure of the casting, refine the grains, improve the mechanical properties and surface quality of the casting, and reduce defects such as shrinkage cavities and blowholes. The degassing treatment primarily removes gas from the aluminum liquid, reduces the occurrence of shrinkage cavities and blowholes, and can improve the density and mechanical properties of the casting.

[0066] S22: The inner core component is placed in an anti-gravity cavity mold, the prepared aluminum liquid is filled into the cavity mold, and die casting is performed to form a copper-aluminum composite work-in-progress by enclosing the copper inner core component body 1 and inner core component accessories 2 in an aluminum housing 3. The die casting process is performed at a temperature of 800°C, a pressure of 120 MPa, and a time of 220 s.

[0067] S23: Finish the housing 3 and remove the material strips and slag bags, i.e., remove the material strips and slag bags using a saw cutting machine. Material strips are portions that protrude along the edge of the element or residual material at the edge that are formed during the die-casting process. Slag bags are residual material or small lumps of material on the surface or edge of the element that are formed during die-casting, usually due to uneven material flow or the angle of the mold contact surface during the filling process of casting. Remove the casting sand from the inner core member of the radiator by blowing it off, i.e., remove the casting sand from the inner core member of the radiator by blowing it off using a high-pressure air gun.

[0068] S24: The housing 3 after die casting is subjected to T4+T6 heat treatment. Specifically, this includes the following steps.

[0069] S241: A solution treatment in which the housing 3 is heated to a solid solution temperature to incorporate solute atoms in the housing 3 into the solvent lattice. The solute is a substance that dissolves in the aluminum solvent, and the solvent lattice is the crystalline structure of the main components of the housing, where atoms are arranged regularly to form a lattice structure. The solid solution temperature is 540°C, the treatment time is 3 hours, and this process can improve the uniformity and hardness of the housing, as well as adjust the mechanical and chemical properties of the alloy.

[0070] S242: This is a rapid cooling treatment in which a quench treatment is performed on the housing 3 after the solution treatment to quickly cool the housing to 20°C to 35°C, thereby preventing the precipitation of solute from the solid solution as much as possible.

[0071] S243: This is an aging treatment in which the housing 3, after the rapid cooling treatment, is continuously heated at a temperature of 200°C for 3 hours. This increases the hardness and strength of the alloy.

[0072] S244: This is a natural cooling treatment in which the housing 3 after aging treatment is left to stand at 20°C to 35°C, allowing the solute inside the housing 3 solid solution to gradually diffuse and precipitate, forming the required strengthening phase, thereby further increasing the hardness and strength of the housing 3.

[0073] By combining an inner core member having a copper inner core member body with an aluminum housing, the resulting composite work-in-progress, which is a copper-aluminum composite, exhibits better strength and wear resistance. The above T4+T6 heat treatment precipitates solid solutes in the solid solution within the alloy, forming a strengthening phase. This increases the hardness and strength of the alloy, and raises the hardness of the housing 3 to 95HV or higher. In laser chips, in special application fields such as aerospace, automotive electronics, and industrial inspection, where the ambient temperature is -40°C to 280°C, heat sinks in related technologies can easily crack, preventing them from functioning properly. In contrast, the heat sink according to this application can maintain high dimensional stability, thermal shock resistance, and high temperature and humidity resistance even in harsh environments of -40°C to 280°C.

[0074] S25: After heat treatment, a reference hole is used to set a reference point for the work-in-progress product, and CNC cutting is performed to form an XYZ reference point. This contributes to precise positioning and finishing in subsequent processes.

[0075] S26: The integrated heat sink with an internal core component is cleaned and dried. First, it is cleaned with an ultrasonic oil remover to efficiently remove oil stains and impurities from the surface of the housing 3, ensuring the cleanliness of the housing 3 surface. Then, it is rinsed with pure water and dewatered using air cut. This quickly removes moisture from the surface of the workpiece, reduces the residue of water stains, and contributes to the execution of subsequent drying and painting processes. Then, tunnel drying is performed at a drying temperature of 100°C or less. This quickly evaporates moisture from the surface of the housing 3, ensuring the surface of the housing 3 is dry and avoiding problems caused by residual moisture. The pure water rinse thoroughly cleans away any remaining cleaning agents and other impurities, avoiding negative impacts on subsequent processes.

[0076] Optionally, in step S11, milling of the inner core member body 1 is performed using CNC machining, and milling is performed on the inner core member body 1. In step S25, rough CNC machining is performed on the heat-treated housing to perform a precise surface treatment, ensuring accuracy in the dimensions and shape of the inner core member body 1 and the housing 3. By performing the machining automatically with a CNC machine, production efficiency is greatly improved, the time spent on manual operation is reduced, and the cost of manual operation is lowered. Furthermore, with CNC machining, processing quality can be kept stable throughout the production process, and errors due to human factors can be reduced.

[0077] Example 3: As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the present application further provides a composite heat sink for a laser chip made by integrally forming a copper-aluminum die-cast, prepared by the method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip made by integrally forming a copper-aluminum die-cast described above. The composite heat sink for a laser chip made by integrally forming a copper-aluminum die-cast comprises four inner core member bodies 1, inner core member accessories 2, and a housing 3. The inner core member accessories 2 include two connecting heads 8 and three conduits 9, with one connecting head 8 welded to one end of the first inner core member body 1, and the other connecting head 8 welded to one end of the last inner core member body 1. Several inner core member bodies 1 are connected by the conduits 9 so that their ends are connected in sequence, and the integrally welded inner core member bodies 1 and inner core member accessories 2 are enclosed by the housing 3, allowing coolant to flow into the inner core members of the heat sink. The heat sink has liquid inlets and outlets, with the first connection head 8 serving as the liquid inlet and the second connection head 8 serving as the liquid outlet. Two inner core member bodies 1 are installed between the first and last inner core member bodies 1, and the inner core member bodies 1 are connected to each other via a conduit 9, which is also welded and fixed to the inner core member bodies 1. The inner core member as a whole has a structure with multiple curves, which further increases the heat dissipation area and improves heat dissipation efficiency. The inner core member body 1 is made of pure copper, and the housing 3 is made of die-cast aluminum. Only the core part through which the coolant flows is made of pure copper, and the housing 3 is configured to protect the inner core member. By using die-cast aluminum for the housing 3, the design is rational, there is no waste of material, the utilization rate is high, and costs can be reduced.

[0078] The internal core member body is formed by one of the following types of joints: welded, mechanical, metallurgical, or other types of joints.

[0079] Optionally, the diameter of the inner tube 4 is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting head 8 and the diameter of the conduit 9. This ensures that the coolant flows into the inner core member of the heat sink and prevents coolant leakage.

[0080] Optionally, the inner core member body 1 includes an inner tube 4 and an outer wall 5, with several heat dissipation grooves 6 provided in the inner wall of the inner tube 4, and the cross-section of the structure consisting of several heat dissipation grooves 6 exhibits a gear shape. These heat dissipation grooves 6 further increase the heat dissipation area, ensuring that heat is dissipated to the operating laser chip and that the operating chip temperature is kept relatively low. Several grooves 7 are provided in the outer wall 5, and these grooves 7 are configured as an engaging structure in the outer wall after the inner core member and the housing 3 are integrally molded by die casting, allowing for a tighter connection between the inner core member and the housing 3. In particular, in specialized application scenarios for laser chips, such as aerospace, automotive electronics, and industrial inspection, where ambient temperatures range from -40°C to 280°C, heat sinks in related technologies can easily crack, preventing them from functioning properly. However, the design of the grooves 7 ensures that even if the metal structure deforms in harsh environments, it can still engage with each other, guaranteeing that the inner core member is stably held within the housing 3 and making it less prone to cracking.

[0081] Example 4: As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the present application further discloses a heat sink. The heat sink comprises several internal core member bodies 1, internal core member accessories 2, and a housing 3. The internal core member accessories 2 include several connecting heads 8 and several conduits 9, with one connecting head 8 welded to one end of the first internal core member body 1, and another connecting head 8 welded to one end of the last internal core member body 1. The conduits 9 connect the multiple internal core member bodies 1 so that their ends are connected in sequence, and the integrally welded internal core member bodies 1 and internal core member accessories 2 are enclosed by the housing 3.

[0082] The number of internal core members 1 can be four, five, or six, and in this embodiment, the number of internal core members 1 is not particularly limited.

[0083] Cooling liquid flows through the inner core member body 1 of the heat sink, so the heat sink has liquid inlets and outlets, and several connecting heads 8 include a first connecting head 8 and a second connecting head, the first connecting head 8 is a liquid inlet, and the second connecting head 8 is a liquid outlet, the first connecting head 8 is welded and fixed to one end of the first inner core member body 1, the second connecting head 8 is welded and fixed to one end of the last inner core member body 1, two inner core member bodies 1 are installed between the first inner core member body 1 and the last inner core member body 1, and the inner core member bodies 1 are in communication with each other via a conduit 9.

[0084] The first connecting head 8 may be configured as a liquid outlet and the second connecting head 8 as a liquid inlet / outlet; however, this is not particularly limited in this embodiment.

[0085] In this embodiment, the internal core member body 1, in which the head and tail are connected sequentially, avoids a decrease in heat conduction efficiency or uneven heat conduction caused by obstruction of the coolant flow, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation effect.

[0086] Optionally, the heat sink according to this embodiment may be applied in the fields of laser chips, data centers, high-performance computers, artificial intelligence, and energy storage.

[0087] In the field of laser chips, this technology provides crucial assurance for the normal, high-efficiency, and stable operation of laser chips, preventing performance degradation and even damage caused by overheating, ensuring uniform temperature distribution across all parts of the chip, guaranteeing consistent output performance, and improving the quality and stability of laser output.

[0088] In the data center field, this technology effectively lowers server temperatures, removes heat generated during data processing through heat exchange, ensures stable operation, and improves the energy utilization efficiency of the data center.

[0089] In the fields of high-performance computing and artificial intelligence, when high-performance computers, supercomputers, and artificial intelligence computations perform large amounts of complex calculations, a great deal of heat is generated. Heat sinks can meet these heat dissipation needs and ensure that the computational performance is fully realized.

[0090] In the field of energy storage, high-power charging and discharging processes of battery cell products generate heat. By using a heat sink to cool and dissipate this heat from the battery cell module, it is possible to maintain an appropriate operating temperature for the battery cells, extend their lifespan, and improve safety.

[0091] In fields with relatively high heat dissipation requirements, heat sinks play a crucial role, and their range of applications is expected to expand further with technological advancements and cost reductions.

[0092] Optionally, the inner core member body 1 includes an inner tube 4 and an outer wall 5, with several heat dissipation grooves 6 provided in the inner wall of the inner tube 4 and several grooves 7 provided in the outer wall 5.

[0093] The heat dissipation groove 6 dissipates heat from the operating laser chip, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the operating chip is kept relatively low.

[0094] The grooves 7 are formed as an engaging structure on the outer wall after the inner core member and the housing 3 are integrally molded by die casting, allowing for a tighter connection between the inner core member and the housing 3. For example, in laser chips, in special application scenarios such as aerospace, automotive electronics, and industrial inspection, where the ambient temperature is between -40°C and 280°C, the heat sinks in related technologies can easily crack, preventing them from functioning properly. However, according to the design of the grooves 7, even if the metal structure deforms in a harsh environment, it can engage with each other, ensuring that the inner core member is stably held within the housing 3 and is less prone to cracking.

[0095] Optionally, the diameter of the inner tube 4 is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting head 8 and the diameter of the conduit 9.

[0096] In this embodiment, the diameter of the inner tube 4 is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting head 8 and the diameter of the conduit 9. This ensures that the coolant flows into the inner core member of the heat sink and prevents coolant leakage.

[0097] Optionally, the cross-section of the heat dissipation groove 6 is a through-hole structure of one of the following types: gear-shaped, circular hole-shaped, mesh-shaped, or sponge-shaped.

[0098] Of course, the cross-section of the heat dissipation groove 6 includes, but is not limited to, through-hole structures such as gear-shaped, circular, mesh-shaped, and sponge-shaped.

[0099] The cross-section of the heat dissipation groove 6 has a through-hole structure. This through-hole structure of the heat dissipation groove 6 increases the heat dissipation area, allowing heat to be dissipated from the operating laser chip, thereby ensuring that the operating chip temperature remains relatively low.

[0100] Optionally, some of the inner core members 1 have a structure with multiple curves.

[0101] If several internal core members have a structure with multiple curves, the heat dissipation area can be increased and the heat dissipation efficiency can be improved. The internal core members have a robust structure, resulting in a reliable cooling circulation system, which may also be called a fully sealed cooling circulation system. Furthermore, if advanced coolants are used, the problems of water electrolysis, microbial growth, oxidation or corrosion of the flow path that occur when the coolant is used in related technologies can be solved, and the heat sink according to this application can be maintenance-free for more than 10 years.

[0102] Optionally, the conduit 9 is welded and fixed to the inner core member body 1.

[0103] Optionally, the inner core member body 1 is made of the first material, and the housing 3 is made of the second material.

[0104] The first material is one of the following high thermal conductivity materials: copper, silver, diamond, or boron nitride. The second material is one of the following die-casting materials: aluminum alloy, zinc alloy, or magnesium alloy.

[0105] The inner core component 1 is made of pure copper, and the housing 3 is made of die-cast aluminum. In this way, only the core part through which the coolant flows is made of pure copper, and the housing 3 is configured to protect the inner core component. By using die-cast aluminum for the housing 3, the design is rational, there is no waste of material, the utilization rate is high, and costs can be reduced. Furthermore, it avoids the need for the entire product to be processed by mechanical processes, which increases the yield rate and extends the service life.

[0106] Example 5: As shown in Figure 5, the present application further discloses a method for preparing a heat sink. The preparation method includes the following steps.

[0107] S3: Prepare the inner core component of the heat sink, which includes the inner core component body 1 and the inner core component accessory 2.

[0108] The inner core member body 1 and the inner core member accessory 2 are prepared, and the inner core member body and the inner core member accessory are welded together to form the inner core member of the heat sink.

[0109] As shown in Figure 4, each inner core member body 1 includes an inner tube 4 having heat dissipation grooves 6 and an outer wall having grooves 7. Therefore, a first projection that matches the shape of the heat dissipation grooves 6 and a second projection that matches the shape of the grooves 7 are provided within the mold of the inner core member body 1. By adopting a drawing process, the process is simple, the required shape can be formed easily and quickly, and since the thermal conductivity of pure copper is 401 W / (m·K), if the inner core member body 1 made of pure copper is used as the core component, there is no waste of material and production costs can be reduced.

[0110] Optionally, step S3 for preparing the inner core member of a heat sink, including the inner core member body and inner core member accessories, includes the following steps.

[0111] S31: The first material is placed into the mold for the inner core member body 1, and a tensile force is applied to form several inner core member bodies 1 that conform to the shape of the mold for the inner core member body 1. Milling is then performed on the inner core member body 1 to prepare the inner core member body 1.

[0112] The first material is, for example, copper. A copper rod with a purity of 99.9% (i.e., T2 copper) is placed in the mold for the inner core member body 1, and a tensile force is applied to form several inner core member bodies 1 that conform to the shape of the mold for the inner core member body 1. The range of the applied tensile force is 15,000 N to 22,000 N, and a tensile force of 20,000 N can be selected.

[0113] The inner core member body 1 is milled, that is, a long structure is formed by drawing based on the required length of the inner core member body 1, and then cut into several inner core member body 1 of predetermined lengths to complete the preparation of the inner core member body 1 made of pure copper.

[0114] S32: Several prepared inner core member bodies 1 and inner core member accessories 2 are welded together as a single unit.

[0115] The inner core member accessory 2 includes several connecting heads 8 and several conduits 9, one connecting head 8 is welded to one end of the first inner core member body 1, another connecting head 8 is welded to one end of the last inner core member body 1, and the conduits 9 connect the multiple inner core member bodies 1 so that their ends are connected in sequence.

[0116] The radiator is permitted to have a coolant flow through it, and the pure copper inner core member body 1 may be called a T2 level copper heat dissipation / heat exchange channel, and the coolant may be an advanced refrigerant. The radiator has a liquid inlet and outlet, with the first connection head 8 serving as the liquid inlet and welded to one end of the first inner core member body 1, the second connection head 8 serving as the liquid outlet and welded to one end of the last inner core member body 1, two inner core member bodies 1 are installed between the first and last inner core member bodies 1, the inner core member bodies 1 are connected to each other via a conduit 9, and the conduit 9 is also welded to the inner core member bodies 1, and the inner core member as a whole has a structure with multiple curves, which further increases the heat dissipation area and improves heat dissipation efficiency. The robust internal core component provides a reliable cooling circulation system, which can also be called a fully sealed cooling circulation system. With the further use of advanced coolants, it is possible to solve the problems of water electrolysis, microbial growth, and oxidation or corrosion of the flow path that occur when the coolant is used in related technologies, and the heat sink according to this application can be maintenance-free for more than 10 years.

[0117] S33: The inner core member is prepared by polishing, cleaning, nickel plating, and drying the inner core member body 1 and inner core member accessories 2, which are welded together as a single unit.

[0118] The integrally welded inner core member body 1 and inner core member accessory 2 are polished to remove the surface oxide layer, and then washed to remove oil stains and impurities from the inner core member surface to ensure cleanliness. Furthermore, the integrally welded inner core member body 1 and inner core member accessory 2 are nickel-plated to prevent oxidation and reduce the risk of mutual melting of copper and aluminum at high temperatures.

[0119] After nickel plating, the integrally welded inner core member body 1 and inner core member accessory 2 are further subjected to a drying treatment to evaporate moisture from the surface of the inner core member, ensuring that the surface of the inner core member is dry and avoiding problems caused by residual moisture. In this way, the preparation of the inner core member of the heat sink, including the inner core member body 1 and the inner core member accessory 2, is completed.

[0120] Optionally, step S33, which involves polishing, cleaning, nickel plating, and drying the integrally welded inner core member body and inner core member accessories, includes the following:

[0121] The internal core member body and internal core member accessories, which are welded together as a single unit, are subjected to polishing, cleaning with an ultrasonic oil remover, rinsing with pure water, surface nickel plating, air-cut dewatering, and tunnel drying in that order.

[0122] The inner core member body 1 and inner core member accessories 2, which are welded together as a single unit, are polished, for example, by copper polishing to remove the surface oxide layer, and then cleaned with an ultrasonic oil remover to efficiently remove oil stains and impurities from the surface of the inner core member, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the inner core member surface.

[0123] Then, the integrally welded inner core member body 1 and inner core member accessory 2 are subjected to a pure water rinse and surface nickel plating treatment. The pure water rinse thoroughly cleans away any remaining detergent and other impurities, thus avoiding any negative impact on subsequent processes. Surface nickel plating is performed to prevent oxidation and the risk of mutual melting of copper and aluminum at high temperatures. Finally, air-cut dewatering and tunnel drying are performed to complete the preparation of the inner core member of the heat sink, including the inner core member body 1 and inner core member accessory 2. Air-cut dewatering allows for rapid removal of moisture from the workpiece surface, reducing the residue of water stains and contributing to the execution of subsequent drying and painting processes. The drying temperature of the tunnel drying can be set to a maximum of a predetermined temperature (e.g., 100°C), and this drying temperature can be adjusted according to actual needs. Thus, moisture on the surface of the inner core member is rapidly evaporated, ensuring the surface of the inner core member is dry and avoiding problems caused by residual moisture.

[0124] S34: Fill the inner core member with foundry sand.

[0125] By filling the inner core member with casting sand, the hollow structure can withstand a predetermined casting pressure (e.g., 100 MPa).

[0126] S4: Prepare the heat sink housing 3 and form a metal composite workpiece by integrating the inner core member and the housing 3.

[0127] The housing of the heat sink may be made of a second material, and the housing 3 of the heat sink is prepared, and a metal composite workpiece is formed as a heat sink by integrating the inner core member and the housing 3, for example, a copper-aluminum composite workpiece.

[0128] Optionally, step S4, which involves preparing the housing 3 of the heat sink and forming a metal composite work-in-place integrated with the inner core member and the housing 3, includes the following steps.

[0129] S41: Prepare the second ingredient solution.

[0130] The second material solution could be an aluminum solution.

[0131] Optionally, step S41, which involves preparing the second material liquid, includes the following steps.

[0132] S411: The second material is heated and stirred, and a grain refiner is added to the molten second material to form a molten second material.

[0133] S412: The molten second material to which the grain refiner has been added is subjected to a degassing treatment, and the second material liquid is prepared.

[0134] The second material is, for example, aluminum. The second material (for example, aluminum) is heated and stirred, and a grain refiner is added to the molten aluminum to form molten second material (for example, molten aluminum).

[0135] The aluminum material is model number A356, and the heating temperature is 700°C to 750°C, but this is not particularly limited in this embodiment.

[0136] Then, a degassing treatment is performed on the molten second material to which a grain refiner has been added to form a second material liquid (e.g., aluminum liquid) that meets the requirements.

[0137] For example, the weight ratio of the grain refiner to the second material liquid is 0.2:100. The grain refiner primarily functions to improve the microstructure of the casting, refine the grains, improve the mechanical properties and surface quality of the casting, and reduce defects such as shrinkage cavities and blowholes. The degassing treatment primarily removes gas from the second material liquid, reduces the occurrence of shrinkage cavities and blowholes, and can improve the density and mechanical properties of the casting.

[0138] S42: The prepared inner core component is placed in an anti-gravity cavity mold, the prepared second material liquid is filled into the anti-gravity cavity mold, die casting is performed, and a metal composite work-in-progress is formed in which the inner core component body and inner core component accessories made of the second material are enclosed by a housing made of the first material, then demolded and allowed to cool naturally to the first temperature.

[0139] The prepared inner core member is placed in an anti-gravity cavity mold, the prepared second material liquid is filled into the anti-gravity cavity mold, and die casting is performed to form a metal composite work-in-progress (e.g., copper-aluminum composite work-in-progress) in which the inner core member body 1 and inner core member accessories 2 made of the second material (e.g., copper) are enclosed by a housing made of the first material (e.g., an aluminum housing 3).

[0140] Optionally, the die-casting process is performed within a temperature range of 500°C to 800°C, a pressure range of 80 MPa to 120 MPa, and a time range of 150 s to 220 s.

[0141] The die-casting process in this embodiment may be carried out at a temperature of 750°C, a pressure of 100 MPa, and a time of 180 s, or at a temperature of 800°C, a pressure of 120 MPa, and a time of 220 s.

[0142] The shape of the inner wall of the anti-gravity cavity mold matches the shape of the inner core member and the housing, and the gap in the cavity mold is filled with a second material liquid to enclose the inner core member.

[0143] S43: The housing made of the first material is finished, the material strips and slag bags are removed, and the foundry sand of the inner core member is blown off and removed.

[0144] Material strips and slag bags are removed, i.e., material strips and slag bags are removed using a saw cutting machine, and material strips are scraps formed in the material wells of the mold during the die-casting process, and in order to ensure that the elements are completely filled into the mold, the material wells are placed in positions that are difficult to fill based on the shape of the product, and a large amount of aluminum liquid is filled into these areas to achieve the purpose of complete filling. Slag bags are the residues formed in the material bags at the material inlet of the mold, and the material bags are devices that supply metal liquid to the mold during the die-casting process, and are located in the material supply system of the die-casting machine, connected to the die-casting mold, and send the metal liquid to the mold cavity. The casting sand of the inner core members of the heat sink is blown off and removed, i.e., the casting sand of the inner core members of the heat sink is blown off and removed using a high-pressure air gun.

[0145] Optionally, step S31, which involves milling the inner core member body, includes employing a mechanical machining process to mill the inner core member body.

[0146] For example, a CNC machining process is used to perform milling on the inner core member body 1.

[0147] S44: Heat treatment is performed on the housing made of the first material after die casting.

[0148] For example, a housing made of the first material after die casting is subjected to T4+T6 heat treatment.

[0149] Optionally, step S44, which involves heat treatment of the housing made of the first material after die casting, includes the following steps:

[0150] S441: The housing made of the first material is heated to its solid solution temperature to incorporate the solute atoms in the housing made of the first material into the solvent lattice.

[0151] The housing 3 made of the first material is heated to its solid solution temperature to incorporate solute atoms in the housing 3 into the solvent lattice. The solute is a substance that dissolves in the aluminum solvent, and the solvent lattice is the crystalline structure of the main components of the housing 3, where atoms are regularly arranged to form a lattice structure. For example, if the solid solution temperature is 520°C and the processing time is 3 hours, this process can improve the uniformity and hardness of the housing 3, as well as adjust the mechanical and chemical properties of the alloy. In this example, the solid solution temperature and processing time are not particularly limited.

[0152] The T4+T6 heat treatment described above precipitates solid solutes in the solid solution within the alloy, forming a strengthening phase. This increases the hardness and strength of the alloy and raises the hardness of the housing 3 to 95HV or higher. In laser chips, in special application fields such as aerospace, automotive electronics, and industrial inspection, where the ambient temperature is between -40°C and 280°C, heat sinks in related technologies can easily crack, preventing them from functioning properly. In contrast, the heat sink according to this application can maintain high dimensional stability, resistance to thermal shock and high temperature / humidity even in harsh environments of -40°C to 280°C.

[0153] S442: Quench treatment is performed on the housing made of the first material after solution treatment.

[0154] A quenching treatment is performed on the housing 3 after the solution treatment, that is, a rapid cooling treatment is performed on the housing made of the first material after the solution treatment to quickly cool the housing 3 to a predetermined temperature (e.g., 20°C to 35°C), thereby preventing the precipitation of solute from the solid solution as much as possible. In this embodiment, the predetermined temperature is not particularly limited.

[0155] S443: The housing made of the first material after quenching is continuously heated at the second temperature for a predetermined time.

[0156] The housing 3, after rapid cooling, is continuously heated at a second temperature for a predetermined time to increase the hardness and strength of the alloy. The second temperature is, for example, 180°C, and the predetermined time is, for example, 3 hours. In this embodiment, the second temperature and predetermined time are not particularly limited.

[0157] S444: The housing made of the first material after heating is left to stand at the third temperature.

[0158] The heated housing 3 is left to stand at a third temperature, allowing the solute inside the housing 3 solid solution to gradually diffuse and precipitate, forming the required strengthening phase, thereby further increasing the hardness and strength of the housing 3. The third temperature is, for example, 20°C to 35°C, and in this embodiment, the third temperature is not particularly limited.

[0159] S45: Rough machining is performed on the housing made of the first material after heat treatment.

[0160] For example, by performing CNC rough machining on a housing made of the first material after heat treatment to perform a precise surface treatment, the accuracy of the dimensions and shape of the inner core member body 1 and the housing 3 can be ensured. By performing the machining automatically with a CNC machine, production efficiency can be greatly improved, the time spent on manual operation can be reduced, and the cost of manual operation can be lowered. Furthermore, with a CNC machine, processing quality can be kept stable throughout the production process, and errors due to human factors can be reduced.

[0161] Optionally, step S45, in which rough machining is performed on the housing made of the first material after heat treatment, includes cutting the housing made of the first material after heat treatment.

[0162] After heat treatment, the housing 3 is machined using reference holes to set a reference point, and CNC cutting is performed to form an XYZ reference point. This contributes to precise positioning and finishing in subsequent processes.

[0163] S46: Clean and dry the integrated metal composite work-in-progress after rough machining.

[0164] The step of cleaning and drying the integrated metal composite work-in-progress after rough machining involves cleaning the metal composite work-in-progress with an ultrasonic oil remover to efficiently remove oil stains and impurities from the housing 3 surface, ensuring the cleanliness of the housing 3 surface, followed by a pure water rinse and air-cut dewatering. This rapidly removes moisture from the workpiece surface, reduces residual water stains, and contributes to the execution of subsequent drying and painting processes. Then, tunnel drying is performed at a drying temperature of 100°C or less. This rapidly evaporates moisture from the housing 3 surface, ensuring dryness of the housing 3 surface, avoiding problems caused by residual moisture, and thoroughly cleans any remaining cleaning agent and other impurities with a pure water rinse, thus avoiding negative impacts on subsequent processes.

[0165] The embodiments described above are merely examples of some embodiments of this application and, although described in detail, do not limit the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art may make certain modifications and improvements, provided they do not deviate from the spirit of this application, and such modifications and improvements will fall within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is as defined in the attached claims.

[0166] Industrial applicability

[0167] Regarding the composite heat sink for laser chips prepared by the integral die-casting process of aluminum copper according to this application, first, an inner core member of the heat sink including a copper inner core member body and inner core member accessories is prepared, and then, in the process of preparing the aluminum housing, the inner core member is stably installed in the housing using die-casting and T4+T6 heat treatment methods, and the copper-aluminum composite member formed by combining the inner core member having a copper inner core member body and the aluminum housing has better strength and wear resistance. This improves the overall performance of the heat sink, and the heat sink can maintain high dimensional stability, resistance to cold and thermal shock, and resistance to high temperature and humidity even in harsh environments of -40°C to 280°C. Furthermore, because it is not a simple mechanical process, the heat sink is less likely to crack and deform, and surface treatment can be applied to the inner core member and housing of the heat sink to guarantee the heat dissipation effect of the heat sink. Furthermore, the heat sink's inner core is made of pure copper, and the heat sink's housing is made of die-cast aluminum. By using specific materials in specific areas, material waste is avoided, and costs can be reduced. The design of the heat dissipation grooves in the inner core increases the heat dissipation area and improves heat dissipation efficiency. The design of the grooves on the outer wall of the inner core makes the connection between the heat sink's inner core and housing more stable, resulting in higher structural dimensional stability, a longer service life, and reduced maintenance costs. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0168] 1. Inner core member body 2. Internal core component accessories 3 Housing 4 Inner tube 5. Exterior walls 6 Heat dissipation groove 7 grooves 8 connecting heads 9 conduit

Claims

1. A method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally formed by die-casting copper-aluminum, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Prepare the inner core member of the heat sink, including the inner core member body and the inner core member accessories. Step S11: A copper rod is placed in the inner core member body mold, and tensile force is applied to form several inner core member bodies that conform to the shape of the inner core member body mold. Further milling is performed on the inner core member bodies to complete the preparation of the inner core member bodies made of pure copper. Step S12: Several prepared inner core member bodies and inner core member accessories are welded together as a single unit. Step S13: The integrally welded inner core member body and inner core member accessories are subjected to copper polishing, cleaning, nickel plating, and drying treatment, thereby completing the preparation of the inner core member of the heat sink, including the inner core member body and inner core member accessories. Step S14: Fill the inner core member with foundry sand. Step S2: Prepare the heat sink housing and form a copper-aluminum composite workpiece in which the inner core member and the housing are integrated. Step S21: Prepare the aluminum solution, Step S22: The prepared inner core member is placed in an anti-gravity cavity mold, the prepared aluminum liquid is filled into the cavity mold, die casting is performed, and a copper-aluminum composite work-in-progress is formed by enclosing the copper inner core member body and inner core member accessories with an aluminum housing, demolding is performed and the work is allowed to cool naturally to 20-35°C. Step S23: Finish the housing, remove the material strips and slag bags, and blow away and remove the casting sand from the inner core members of the heat sink. Step S24: Perform T4 + T6 heat treatment on the housing after die casting. Step S25: Perform CNC rough machining on the heat-treated housing. Step S26: Wash and dry the integrated copper-aluminum composite work-in-progress after rough machining. A method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, characterized by being integrally molded by die-casting copper-aluminum.

2. The T4+T6 heat treatment performed on the die-cast housing in step S24 specifically includes the following substeps: Step S241: A solution treatment is performed, wherein the housing is heated to a solid solution temperature, and solute atoms in the housing are incorporated into the solvent lattice, the solid solution temperature is 470°C to 540°C, and the treatment time is 2 hours to 3 hours. Step S242: Rapid cooling treatment, in which a quench treatment is performed on the housing after the solution treatment, and the housing is rapidly cooled to 20°C to 35°C. Step S243: Aging treatment, in which the housing after the rapid cooling treatment is continuously heated at a temperature of 120°C to 200°C for 2 to 3 hours. Step S244: Natural cooling treatment, in which the housing after aging treatment is left to stand at 20°C to 35°C. A method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally molded by die-casting copper-aluminum as described in feature 1.

3. The preparation of the aluminum solution in step S21 specifically includes the following steps: S211: Heat and stir the aluminum material, add a grain refiner to the molten aluminum material to form molten aluminum, S212: Furthermore, the molten aluminum to which the grain refiner has been added is subjected to a degassing treatment to form an aluminum liquid. A method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally molded by die-casting copper-aluminum according to the method described in 1 or 2.

4. The copper polishing, cleaning, nickel plating, and drying treatment of the integrally welded inner core member body and inner core member accessories in step S13 specifically includes the following: removing the oxide layer by copper polishing, cleaning with an ultrasonic oil remover, rinsing with pure water, surface nickel plating, air-cut dewatering, tunnel drying, and drying at a temperature of 100°C or lower. The washing and drying of the integrated copper-aluminum composite work-in-progress in step S26 specifically includes the following: washing with an ultrasonic oil remover, rinsing with pure water, air-cut dewatering, and tunnel drying, with a drying temperature of 100°C or lower. A method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally molded by die-casting copper-aluminum according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. In step S11, the milling of the inner core member body is performed by employing a CNC machining process to mill the inner core member body. Performing CNC rough machining on the heat-treated housing in step S25 specifically means performing cutting on the housing. A method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally molded by die-casting copper-aluminum according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. In preparing the aluminum solution in step S21, the weight ratio of the grain refining agent to the aluminum solution is 0.2:

100. A method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally molded by die-casting copper-aluminum, as described in feature 3.

7. In the die-cast solidification shrinkage in step S22, the die-casting process is performed at a temperature of 500°C to 800°C, a pressure of 80 MPa to 120 MPa, and a duration of 150 s to 220 s. A method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally molded by die-casting copper-aluminum according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The tensile force applied in step S11 is such that the tensile force is between 15,000 N and 22,000 N. A method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally molded by die-casting copper-aluminum according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. Prepared by the method for preparing a composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally molded by copper-aluminum die casting as described in any one of claims 1 to 8. The system comprises several internal core member bodies, internal core member accessories, and a housing, wherein the internal core member accessories include several connecting heads and several conduits, one of the connecting heads welded to one end of the first internal core member body, another connecting head welded to one end of the last internal core member body, the conduits connecting the several internal core member bodies so that their ends are connected in sequence, and the integrally welded internal core member bodies and internal core member accessories are enclosed by the housing. A composite heat sink for laser chips, integrally molded by die-casting copper-aluminum, characterized by the following features.

10. The inner core member body includes an inner tube and an outer wall, the inner wall of the inner tube has several heat dissipation grooves, the outer wall has several grooves, the diameter of the inner tube is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting head and the diameter of the conduit, and the cross-section of the structure made up of the several heat dissipation grooves is gear-shaped. A composite heat sink for a laser chip, integrally molded by die-casting copper-aluminum as described in feature 9.

11. The system comprises several internal core member bodies, internal core member accessories, and a housing, wherein the internal core member accessories include several connecting heads and several conduits, one of which is welded to one end of the first internal core member body, another connecting head is welded to one end of the last internal core member body, the conduits connect the multiple internal core member bodies so that their ends are connected in sequence, and the integrally welded internal core member bodies and internal core member accessories are enclosed by the housing, and the internal core member bodies are joined by one of the following: welded joints, mechanical joints, metallurgical joints, or other types of joints. A heat sink characterized by the following features.

12. The inner core member body includes an inner tube and an outer wall, the inner wall of the inner tube has several heat dissipation grooves, the outer wall has several grooves, the diameter of the inner tube is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting head and the diameter of the conduit, and the cross-section of the heat dissipation groove has one of the following through-hole structures: gear-shaped, circular hole-shaped, mesh-shaped, or sponge-shaped. The heat sink according to feature 11.

13. The inner core member body is made of the first material, and the housing is made of the second material. The heat sink according to feature 11 or 12.

14. The first material is one of the following high thermal conductivity materials: copper, silver, diamond, or boron nitride, and the second material is one of the following die-casting materials: aluminum alloy, zinc alloy, or magnesium alloy. The heat sink according to feature 11 or 12.

15. The heat sink is applied in at least the fields of laser chips, data centers, high-performance computers, artificial intelligence, and energy storage. A heat sink according to any one of claims 11 to 14.

16. A step of preparing the inner core member of a heat sink, which includes the inner core member body and the inner core member accessories, The steps include preparing the housing of the heat sink and forming a metal composite work-in-place that integrates the inner core member and the housing. A method for preparing a heat sink characterized by the following features.

17. The step of preparing the inner core member of a heat sink, including the inner core member body and the inner core member accessories, is: The process involves placing a first material into an inner core member body mold, applying tensile force to form several inner core member bodies that conform to the shape of the inner core member body mold, and then milling the inner core member bodies to prepare them. The steps include welding together several prepared inner core member bodies and inner core member accessories, The process involves preparing the inner core member by performing polishing, cleaning, nickel plating, and drying treatments on the inner core member body and inner core member accessories, which are integrally welded together. The step includes filling the inner core member with foundrying sand, The step of preparing the housing of the heat sink and forming a metal composite work-in-place integrated with the inner core member and the housing is: The second step involves preparing the liquid ingredients, The steps include: placing the prepared inner core member into an anti-gravity cavity mold, filling the anti-gravity cavity mold with the prepared second material liquid, performing die-casting, forming a metal composite work-in-progress in which the inner core member body and inner core member accessories made of the second material are enclosed by a housing made of the first material, demolding, and allowing it to cool naturally to a first temperature; The steps include finishing the housing made of the first material, removing the material strip and slag bag, and blowing away and removing the foundry sand from the inner core member, A step of heat treatment on the housing made of the first material after die casting, A step of rough machining the housing made of the first material after heat treatment, The step includes washing and drying the integrated metal composite work-in-progress after rough machining. The method for preparing a heat sink according to feature 16.

18. The step of heat-treating the housing made of the first material after die-casting is: The steps include: heating the housing made of the first material to a solid solution temperature to incorporate solute atoms in the housing made of the first material into the solvent lattice; The steps include: performing a quenching treatment on the housing made of the first material after solution treatment, The steps include: continuing to heat the housing made of the first material after quenching at a second temperature for a predetermined time; The process includes the step of allowing the housing made of the first material after heating to stand at a third temperature. The method for preparing a heat sink according to feature 17.

19. The step of preparing the second material liquid is: The process involves heating and stirring the second material, adding a grain refiner to the molten second material, and forming a molten second material. The step includes performing a degassing treatment on the molten second material to which the grain refining agent has been added, and preparing the second material liquid. The method for preparing a heat sink according to feature 17.

20. The steps of polishing, cleaning, nickel plating, and drying the internal core member body and internal core member accessories, which are integrally welded together, The process includes sequentially performing polishing, cleaning with an ultrasonic oil remover, rinsing with pure water, surface nickel plating, air-cut dewatering, and tunnel drying on the integrally welded inner core member body and inner core member accessories, The step of washing and drying the integrated metal composite work-in-progress after rough machining is as follows: The process includes steps such as cleaning the integrated metal composite work-in-progress after rough machining with an ultrasonic oil remover, rinsing with pure water, dewatering with air cut, and tunnel drying. The method for preparing a heat sink according to feature 17.

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