Organic compounds, solar cells and their applications

Abstract

This application relates to organic compounds, solar cells, and their applications. The organic compound is as shown in formula (1), where Ar is selected from any one of a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 50 ring-forming atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 50 ring-forming atoms, a group shown in formula (A), and a group shown in formula (B); Ar' is selected from any one of a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms; L is selected from a paraffin subunit having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R1 is an oxoacid group; n1 is selected from any one integer from 1 to 3; m1 is selected from any one integer from 1 to 10; or the organic compound is an oxo salt of the compound shown in formula (1). This organic compound can be used not only as a passivation material but also as a hole transport material, and when used in the manufacture of solar cells, it can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells.

Description

Cross-reference of related applications

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202311596550.X, filed on November 27, 2023, entitled "Organic Compounds, Solar Cells and Their Applications," all of which are incorporated into this application by reference. [Technical Field]

[0002] This application relates to the field of solar cell technology, and more particularly to organic compounds, solar cells, and their applications. [Background technology]

[0003] Perovskite solar cells possess many features, including excellent photoelectric properties, a high light absorption coefficient, a long carrier lifetime, and a long diffusion length, making them already the best among third-generation new solar cells.

[0004] However, perovskite materials generally have defects in the bulk and at the interfaces. For example, perovskite films manufactured by solution processes generally have grain boundary defects and crystalline defects. These defects lead to a decrease in crystalline mass, which not only affects carrier transport but also accelerates moisture / oxygen penetration, speeds up the decomposition of the perovskite, and further negatively impacts the efficiency and long-term stability of perovskite solar cells. On the other hand, conventional hole transport layer materials are unstable and have too many defects, which can reduce the photoelectric conversion efficiency and stability of solar cells.

[0005] Therefore, there is still room for improvement in conventional technology. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] According to various embodiments of this application, this application provides organic compounds, solar cells, and applications thereof for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] This application is realized by the following invention.

[0008] According to a first aspect of this application, an organic compound is provided, the organic compound being as shown in formula (1), [ka] Here, Ar is selected from one of the following: an aromatic group with 6 to 50 substituted or unsubstituted ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group with 5 to 50 substituted or unsubstituted ring-forming atoms, a group shown in formula (A), and a group shown in formula (B). [ka] Ar' is selected from either a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group with 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group with 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms. Each of Ar1 to Ar6 is independently selected from H, a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted olefin group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, and at least one of Ar1 to Ar3 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, and at least one of Ar4 to Ar6 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms. L is selected from paraffin subunits with 1 to 10 carbon atoms. R1 is an oxoacid group, n1 is selected from one integer between 1 and 3, and m1 is selected from one integer between 1 and 10. Alternatively, the organic compound is an oxo salt of the compound shown in formula (1).

[0009] When the above organic compound is used in the manufacture of solar cells, the photoelectric conversion efficiency and stability of the solar cells can be improved. The above organic compound is formed by organically bonding Ar, Ar', L, and R1 having a specific group structure to form the compound of formula (1) or further to form an oxo salt, where Ar is a terminal group, L is a linking group, and R1 is a head group. When the organic compound is used in the manufacture of solar cells, the terminal group Ar having an aromatic group generates π-π interactions between organic compound molecules via the π bond of the aromatic group, inducing the molecules to form an ordered self-assembled molecular film, and R1 can bond with metal ions such as trivalent nickel or hole channels. The perovskite layer can be anchored or have hydrogen bonding interactions with the A-site cation in the perovskite, thereby bringing about the action of passivation metal ions. In addition, L reduces spatial steric hindrance, and at the same time, by introducing a second aryl group Ar' between the terminal group Ar and the linking group L, the dipole of the organic compound is improved, based on keeping the change in the molecular energy level of the organic compound relatively small. When used in the manufacture of solar cells, the work function of the molecular film formed after the self-assembly of the organic compound is better matched to the perovskite layer, resulting in relatively high photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0010] In some of these embodiments, each time Ar' appears, it is independently selected from one or any combination of the following bases Ar'1 to Ar'7: [ka] Here, Y a ~Y f These are -C(R2R3)-, -N(R4)-, -O-, -Si(R6R7)-, -P(R8)-, -S-, -As-, -Se-, -C(=O)-, -C(=S)-, -C(=NR9)-, -C(=CR) 10 )- Choose one of the following, Each of Z1 to Z7 independently generates C(R) each time it appears. 11 ) or N is selected, R2~R11 are each independently selected from H, a halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and -OC(=O)R 12 , -NHC(=O)R 13 , -N(R 14 )2, -L1N + (R 15 )3X1 - , -L2P + (R 16 )3X2 - L1 and L2 are each independently selected from any one of a single bond and an alkane subunit having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R 12 to R 16 are each independently selected from H or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and R 12 to R 13 are not H, and X1 - and X2 - are each independently selected from halogen ions. * represents a linking site.

[0011] In some of the embodiments, Ar' satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) Y a to Y f are each independently selected from any one of -C(R2R3)-, -N(R4)-, -O-, -Si(R6R7)-, -P(R8)- and -S-; and (2) R2 to R 10 are each independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and (3) R 11 is selected from any one of H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0012] ​ In some of these embodiments, each instance of Ar' is independently selected from one or more combinations of the following groups: [ka] * indicates a connecting point.

[0013] In some of these embodiments, Ar is selected from one of the groups formed after removing one hydrogen atom from the structures shown in formulas (A) to (G). [ka] Here, X1 to X6 are each independently single bonds, C(R 24 R 25 ), O, S, N, NR 26 , C=O or S=O is selected, and X1 and X2 are not simultaneously single-jointed, X3 and X4 are not simultaneously single-jointed, X5 and X6 are not simultaneously single-jointed, y is selected from any integer between 1 and 3, and if y≧2, then X1 is C(R 24 R 25 ) are selected from, Each time Y1 appears, each CR is independent. 27 Or selected from N, Y2 to Y6 each independently have C(R 28 R 29 ), O, S, N, NR 30 , either C=O or S=O is selected, R 17 ~R 30 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 31 )2, -CONR 32 , -OCOR 33 , selected from any one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms. R 31 ~R33 Each instance of this group is independently selected from H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted olefin group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms, and R 32 and R 33 It is not H or D, Ar7 and Ar8 are each independently selected from one of the following: H, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group with 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group with 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms. m2, m3, and m5 are each independently selected from one integer between 1 and 4; m4, m6, and m7 are each independently selected from one integer between 1 and 6; and m8 and m9 are each independently selected from one integer between 1 and 2.

[0014] In some of these examples, in equation (C), X1 is a single bond and X2 is NR 26 If selected from, at least one R 17 or at least one R 18 It is not H.

[0015] In some of these embodiments, Ar7 and Ar8 are independently selected from either H or one of the following structures: [ka] Here, Y7 to Y9 are each independently CR 28 R 29 One of the following is selected: O, S, S=O, C=O. Each Z8~Z 14 Each time they appear, each independently triggers a CR 29 Alternatively, selected from N, and Z8~Z in the same structural formula 14 It is not simultaneously N, R 34 ~R 36Each instance of this element is independently selected from one of the following: H, D, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 20 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms.

[0016] In some of these examples, Ar is selected from one of the following groups: [ka] [ka] [ka] Here, R 37 ~R 65 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2, -CONR 67 , -OCOR 68 R is selected from any one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms. 66~ R 68 Each of these is independently selected from one of the following: an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms. m 10 ~m 11 , m 14 , m 19 ~m 20 and m 23 Each of these is independently selected from one integer between 1 and 5, and m 13 , m 16 ~m 17 , m 22 , m 25 ~m 26 Each of these is independently selected from one integer between 1 and 6, and m12 , m 15 , m 18 , m 21 , m 24 , m 27 to m 29 , m 32 to m 33 , n2 are each independently selected from any one integer of 1 to 4, and m 30 to m 31 , m 34 to m 35 are each independently selected from any one integer of 1 to 2.

[0017] In some embodiments thereof, the organic compound satisfies at least one of the following conditions (1) to (2), (1) R 17 to R 30 , R 37 to R 65 are, at each occurrence, each independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, a halogen-substituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms, optionally, R 17 to R 30 , R 37 to R 65 are, at each occurrence, each independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms, a halogen-substituted aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 1 to 15 ring-forming atoms, optionally, R 17 to R 30 , R 37 to R 65 are, at each occurrence, each independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, a paraffin group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a halogen-substituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 1 to 10 ring-forming atoms, (2) R 31 to R 33 is, at each occurrence, independently selected from any one of H, D, an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms, a halogen-substituted aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring-forming atoms, and a halogen-substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring-forming atoms, optionally, R 31 to R 33 is, at each occurrence, independently selected from any one of H, D, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a halogen-substituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a halogen-substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0018] In some embodiments thereof, R1 is, at each occurrence, independently selected from any one of a phosphonic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a carboxylic acid group, a sulfinic acid group, a boric acid group, and a silicic acid group, optionally, R1 is, at each occurrence, independently selected from any one of the following structures,

Chemical Formula

[0019] In some embodiments thereof, the oxoacid salt of the compound represented by the formula (1) comprises an anion and a cation, wherein the anion is formed by losing H from at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group of the oxoacid groups in the compound represented by the formula (1), and the cation is selected from metal ions or NH +

[0020] ​In some of these embodiments, the organic compound comprises at least one of the compounds shown in formulas (SAM1) to (SAM17) and the oxo salts of the compounds shown in formulas (SAM1) to (SAM17).

[0021] [ka] [ka]

[0022] According to a second aspect of this application, applications of the organic compounds of the first aspect are provided as passivation materials or hole transport materials.

[0023] According to a third aspect of this application, a solar cell is provided, the solar cell comprising the organic compound of the first aspect.

[0024] In some of these embodiments, the solar cell is (1) The solar cell includes a perovskite layer, and the perovskite layer includes the organic compound, (2) The solar cell includes a perovskite layer and a hole transport layer that are stacked and arranged, and at least one of the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer contains the organic compound. (3) The solar cell includes a perovskite layer and a hole transport layer arranged in a stack, and a passivation layer provided on at least one surface of the hole transport layer, and satisfies any one of the following conditions: the perovskite layer, the hole transport layer, and the passivation layer contain the organic compound. A passivation layer is selectively placed between the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer.

[0025] In some of these embodiments, the solar cell is (1) The passivation layer contains the organic compound, and the mass proportion of the organic compound in the passivation layer is K1, where 0<K1≦100%; and (2) The hole transport layer contains the organic compound, and the mass proportion of the organic compound in the hole transport layer is K2, where 0<K2≦100%; and (3) The perovskite layer contains the organic compound, and the mass proportion of the organic compound in the perovskite layer is K3, where 0.01%<K3≦0.5%. At least one of the above conditions is satisfied.

[0026] According to a fourth aspect of the present application, there is provided a photovoltaic assembly comprising the solar cell of the third aspect.

[0027] According to a fifth aspect of the present application, there is provided a photovoltaic power generation system comprising the photovoltaic assembly of the fourth aspect.

[0028] According to a sixth aspect of the present application, there is further provided a power consumption apparatus comprising at least one of the solar cell of the third aspect and the photovoltaic assembly of the fourth aspect. [Brief Description of the Drawings]

[0029] To clearly describe the inventions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings that are necessary for the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below only show several embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings, [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present application. [Detailed Description of Embodiments]

[0030] The following describes in detail embodiments of the invention of this application, accompanied by drawings. The following embodiments are provided solely to illustrate the invention of this application more clearly and are merely examples; they do not limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art relating to the present application. The terms used herein are solely for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The terms “including” and “having” and any variations thereof in the description of the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are intentionally intended to cover the non-exclusive “including.”

[0032] In the descriptions of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used solely to distinguish different subjects and should not be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance, or the number, specific order, or hierarchical relationship of the technical features shown. In the descriptions of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

[0033] The “Examples” as used herein mean that certain features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with the Examples may be included in at least one Example of this Application. The appearance of this phrase at each location in the Specification does not necessarily refer to the same Example, nor does it mean that each Example is mutually exclusive or alternative to the others. Those skilled in the art will understand, both explicitly and implicitly, that the Examples described herein can be combined with other Examples.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more sets (including two sets), and "multiple sheets" refers to two or more sheets (including two sheets).

[0035] In this application, unless otherwise specified, "room temperature" generally refers to 4°C to 30°C, preferably 20±5°C.

[0036] In this application, the term "alkane group" refers to a group formed after an alkane loses one hydrogen atom, for example, methane forming a methyl group after losing one hydrogen atom, and "alkane subunit or alkylene group" refers to a group formed after an alkane loses two hydrogen atoms, for example, methane forming a methylene group after losing two hydrogen atoms.

[0037] The term "paraffin group" refers to a group formed after an alkane loses one hydrogen atom. In this group, carbon atoms are linked by carbon-carbon single bonds and do not form a ring, with all remaining valence bonds bonded to hydrogen atoms. This includes both linear and branched alkane groups.

[0038] In this application, the number of carbon atoms in a "paraffin group" may be 1 to 20, and includes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, and refers to linear alkane groups containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms and branched alkane groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms. Non-limiting examples include groups formed after the loss of one hydrogen atom, such as methane, ethane, n-propane, isopropane, n-butane, isobutane, 2-ethylbutane, 3,3-dimethylbutane, n-pentane, isopentane, neopentane, 1-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, 2-ethylpentane, 4-methyl-2-pentane, n-hexane, 1-methylhexane, 2-ethylhexane, 2-butylhexane, n-heptane, 1-methylheptane, 2,2-dimethylheptane, 2-ethylheptane, n-octane, n-nonane, and n-decane.

[0039] In this application, the "number of ring-forming atoms" represents the number of atoms bonded in a ring shape. If this ring is substituted with substituents, the atoms included in the substituents are not included in the number of ring-forming atoms. The "number of ring-forming atoms" described below are the same unless otherwise specified. For example, the number of ring-forming atoms in a benzene ring is 6, in a naphthalene ring it is 10, and in thiophene it is 5.

[0040] An "aromatic group" is a hydrocarbon group that possesses aromaticity, and includes monocyclic aryl groups and fused-ring aryl groups. A fused-ring aryl group is a group formed after two or more monoaromatic rings are linked together via two common adjacent ring atoms; in other words, a fused ring. Furthermore, the π electrons of an aromatic group should satisfy 4n+2 (Hückel's rule).

[0041] A "heteroaromatic group" is a group in which at least one ring-forming atom is a heteroatom and also possesses aromatic properties. Heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, N, P, O, and S.

[0042] Non-limiting examples of “aromatic groups” in this application include benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, fluanthracene, phenanthrene, triphenylene, perylene, tetracene, or fluorene, and non-limiting examples of “heteroaromatic groups” include pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, triazine, imidazole, furan, thiophene, benzofuran, benzothiophene, indole, carbazole, pyrroloimidazole, pyrrolopyrrole, thienopyrrole, thienofran, phlopyrrole, phlofuran, thienofran, benzoisoxazole, benzoisothiazole, benzimidazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, o-naphthyridine, quinoxaline, phenanthridine, perimidine, quinazoline, quinazolinone, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, and non-limiting examples of “aromatic amine groups” include substituted or unsubstituted aniline, substituted or unsubstituted diphenylamine, or substituted or unsubstituted triphenylamine.

[0043] In this application, if the connection part is not specified in the base, it is indicated that any optional connectable part in the base will be considered the connection part.

[0044] In this application, the single bond to which the substituent is attached penetrates the ring in question, and this substituent can be linked to any optional position on the ring, for example. [ka] In this equation, R is linked to any one of the substituted sites on the naphthalene ring, and when the same substituent R appears multiple times, it may be independently selected from different groups. For example, there are 6 substituted sites on the naphthalene ring, meaning j may be 6, and each R may be the same or different. When R is H, it indicates that no substituent exists. [ka] At this time, it is naphthalene.

[0045] In this application, "substituted or unsubstituted" means that the defined group may or may not be substituted. If the defined group is substituted, it should be understood that it is optionally substituted with a group permitted in the art, including, but not limited to, C1-C30 alkyl groups, heterocyclic groups containing 3-20 ring-forming atoms, aryl groups containing 5-20 ring-forming atoms, heteroaryl groups containing 5-20 ring-forming atoms, and halogens.

[0046] In this application, when two bases are connected at a single connection point, for example [ka] In this case, if R is selected from a single bond, it is shown that the two groups do not need to be linked via a specific group, but are directly linked by a single bond, i.e. [ka] That is the case.

[0047] In this application, when two cyclic structures in a schematic diagram share at least two ring-forming atoms, it is shown that the two cyclic structures are condensed, and when one of the cyclic structural groups is selected from H, it is represented that this cyclic structure does not exist. For example, [ka] In this case, if Ar7 or Ar8 is selected from H, it indicates that neither Ar7 nor Ar8 exists. For example, if both Ar7 and Ar8 are H, this structure is " [ka] "

[0048] In one embodiment of this application, an organic compound is provided, the organic compound being as shown in formula (1), [ka] , Here, Ar is selected from one of the following: an aromatic group with 6 to 50 substituted or unsubstituted ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group with 5 to 50 substituted or unsubstituted ring-forming atoms, a group shown in formula (A), and a group shown in formula (B). [ka] Ar' is selected from either a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group with 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group with 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms. Each of Ar1 to Ar6 is independently selected from H, a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted olefin group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, and at least one of Ar1 to Ar3 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, and at least one of Ar4 to Ar6 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms. L is selected from paraffin subunits with 1 to 10 carbon atoms. R1 is an oxoacid group, n1 is selected from one integer between 1 and 3, and m1 is selected from one integer between 1 and 10. Alternatively, the organic compound is an oxo salt of the compound shown in formula (1).

[0049] When the above organic compound is used in the manufacture of solar cells, the photoelectric conversion efficiency and stability of the solar cells can be improved. The above organic compound is formed by organically bonding Ar, Ar', L, and R1 having a specific group structure to form the compound of formula (1) or further to form an oxo salt, where Ar is a terminal group, L is a linking group, and R1 is a head group. When the organic compound is used in the manufacture of solar cells, the terminal group Ar having an aromatic group generates π-π interactions between organic compound molecules via the π bond of the aromatic group, inducing the molecules to form an ordered self-assembled molecular film, and R1 can bond with metal ions such as trivalent nickel or hole channels. The perovskite layer can be anchored or have hydrogen bonding interactions with the A-site cation in the perovskite, thereby bringing about the action of passivation metal ions. In addition, L reduces spatial steric hindrance, and at the same time, by introducing a second aryl group Ar' between the terminal group Ar and the linking group L, the dipole of the organic compound is improved, based on keeping the change in the molecular energy level of the organic compound relatively small. When used in the manufacture of solar cells, the work function of the molecular film formed after the self-assembly of the organic compound is better matched to the perovskite layer, and relatively high photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell can be obtained.

[0050] In some of these embodiments, each time Ar' appears, it is independently selected from one or any combination of the following bases Ar'1 to Ar'7: [ka] What can be understood is that the above "any combination of multiple groups" refers to any combination of multiple groups linked together via single bonds, and furthermore, * represents the linkage site.

[0051] Here, Y a ~Y fThese are -C(R2R3)-, -N(R4)-, -O-, -Si(R6R7)-, -P(R8)-, -S-, -As-, -Se-, -C(=O)-, -C(=S)-, -C(=NR9)-, -C(=CR) 10 ) - Select one of the following.

[0052] "Y f + " is a group formed after Y loses one electron.

[0053] Each of Z1 to Z7, when it appears, is independently treated as -C(R 11 ) - Selected from N.

[0054] "Z7 - " is a group formed after Z7 gains one electron.

[0055] R2~R 11 These are, independently, H, a halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl group, a C1-C5 alkoxy group, an aromatic group with 6-10 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group with 5-10 ring-forming atoms, and -OC(=O)R. 12 , -NHC(=O)R 13 , -N(R 14 )2, -L1N + (R 15 )3X1 - , -L2P + (R 16 )3X2 - Selected from.

[0056] L1 and L2 are each independently selected from one of the single-bonded alkane subunits with 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R 12 ~R 16 Each is independently selected from H or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and R 12 ~R 13 It is X1, not H. - and X2 - Each of these is independently selected from the halogen ions.

[0057] * indicates a connecting point.

[0058] In some of these embodiments, Y a ~Y f Each time they appear, they are independently -C(R2R3)-, -N(R4)-, -O-, -Si(R6R7)-, -P(R8)-, -C(=O)-, -C(=S)-, -C(=NR9)-, and -C(=CR 10 ) - Select one of the following.

[0059] In some of these embodiments, Y a ~Y f Each time it appears, one of the following is independently selected: -C(R2R3)-, -N(R4)-, -O-, -Si(R6R7)-, -P(R8)-, and -S-.

[0060] In some of these embodiments, Y a ~Y f Each instance of this particle is independently selected from one of the following: -C(R2R3)-, -N(R4)-, -O-, or -Si(R6R7)-.

[0061] In some of these embodiments, R2~R 10 Each of these is independently selected from H, a halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl group, a C1-C5 alkoxy group, an aromatic group with 6-10 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group with 5-10 ring-forming atoms.

[0062] In some of these embodiments, R2~R 10 Each of these is independently selected from one of the following: H, F, Cl, a C1-C5 alkyl group, a halogen-substituted C1-C5 alkyl group, a C1-C5 alkoxy group, an aromatic group with 6-10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group with 5-10 ring-forming atoms.

[0063] In some of these embodiments, R2~R 10Each of these is independently selected from one of the following: H, a halogen group, a C1-C5 alkyl group, a halogen-substituted C1-C5 alkyl group, or a C1-C5 alkoxy group.

[0064] In some of these embodiments, R2~R 10 Each of these is independently selected from one of the following: H, a halogen group, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

[0065] In some of these embodiments, R2~R 10 Each of these is independently selected from one of the following: H, a halogen group, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted linear alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

[0066] In some of these embodiments, R 11 This is selected from one of the following: H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0067] In some of these embodiments, R 11 This is selected from one of the following: H, F, Cl, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0068] In some of these embodiments, R 11 This is selected from one of the following: H, F, Cl, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms.

[0069] In some of these embodiments, R 12 to R 16 are each independently selected from H or a chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

[0070] In some of these embodiments, R 12 to R 16 are each independently selected from H or a chain alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0071] In some of these embodiments, R 12 to R 16 are each independently selected from H or a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0072] In some of these embodiments, Ar' is, at each occurrence, independently selected from any one or a combination of a plurality of the following groups, [Chemical Formula] * represents a linking site.

[0073] When Ar' is selected from various combinations of the above groups, each group may appear repeatedly one or more times, the groups may be linked by a single bond, or linked by fusion, further, the groups are linked by forming a carbon-carbon single bond, or linked by fusion of the respective ring-forming atoms, and still further, the groups may be linked by forming a carbon-carbon double bond via a carbon atom on the ring-forming atom, or linked by fusion of the carbon atoms in the respective ring-forming atoms.

[0074] In some of these embodiments, non-limiting examples of various combinations of the above groups include, but are not limited to, the following structures as shown below.

[0075] [Chemical Formula]

[0076] Ar is selected from any one of the groups formed after removing one hydrogen atom from the structures shown in Formula (A) to Formula (G),

Chemical Formula

[0077] Ar7 and Ar8 are each independently selected from one of the following: H, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group with 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group with 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms. m2, m3, and m5 are each independently selected from one integer between 1 and 4; m4, m6, and m7 are each independently selected from one integer between 1 and 6; and m8 and m9 are each independently selected from one integer between 1 and 2.

[0078] In some of these embodiments, m2, m3, and m5 are each independently selected from 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0079] In some of these embodiments, m4, m6, and m7 are each independently selected from one integer of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

[0080] In some of these embodiments, m8 and m9 are each independently selected from 1 or 2.

[0081] In some of these examples, in equation (C), X1 is a single bond and X2 is NR 26 If selected from, at least one R 17 or at least one R 18 It is not H.

[0082] In some of these examples, where X1 to X6 are each independently single bonds, C(R 24 R 25 ), O, S, N, NR 26 One of the following will be selected.

[0083] In some of these examples, X1 is a single bond, C(R 24 R 25 ), one of O, S, or N is selected.

[0084] Y2 to Y6 each independently have C(R 28 R 29 ), O, S, N, NR 30 One of the following will be selected.

[0085] In some of these embodiments, R 17 ~R 18 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms.

[0086] In some of these embodiments, R 17 ~R 18 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select from any one of the following: an alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

[0087] In some of these embodiments, R 17 ~R 18 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0088] In some of these embodiments, R 17 ~R 18 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 7 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0089] In some of these embodiments, R 19 ~R 20 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms.

[0090] In some of these embodiments, R 19 ~R 20 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: an alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen.

[0091] In some of these embodiments, R 19 ~R 20 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25)2. It is selected from any one of a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a halogen-substituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a halogen-substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0092] In some of these embodiments, R 19 ~R 20 is, at each occurrence, each independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 )2, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a halogen-substituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a halogen-substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0093] In some of these embodiments, R 21 ~R 22 is, at each occurrence, each independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 )2, a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms.

[0094] In some of these embodiments, R 21 ~R 22 is, at each occurrence, each independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 )2, an alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, a halogen-substituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms, and a halogen-substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms.

[0095] In some of these embodiments, R 21 ~R 22 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen.

[0096] In some of these embodiments, R 21 ~R 22 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen.

[0097] In some of these embodiments, R 23 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms.

[0098] In some of these embodiments, R 23 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25)2. Select one of the following: an alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 2 to 20 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0099] In some of these embodiments, R 23 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0100] In some of these embodiments, R 23 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0101] In some of these embodiments, R 24 ~R25 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms.

[0102] In some of these embodiments, R 24 ~R 25 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: an alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen.

[0103] In some of these embodiments, R 24 ~R 25 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0104] In some of these embodiments, R 24 ~R 25 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25)2. Select one of the following: a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0105] In some of these embodiments, R 26 ~R 27 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: an alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0106] In some of these embodiments, R 26 ~R 27 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0107] In some of these embodiments, R 26 ~R 27 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 25 )2. Select one of the following: a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0108] In some of these embodiments, R 28 ~R 30 Each instance of this element is independently selected from one of the following: H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms.

[0109] In some of these embodiments, R 28 ~R 30 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from one of the following: H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0110] In some of these embodiments, R 28 ~R 30Each time it appears, it is independently selected from one of the following: H, D, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0111] In some of these embodiments, R 28 ~R 30 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from one of the following: H, D, a paraffin group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0112] In some of these embodiments, R 28 ~R 30 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from one of the following: H, D, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0113] In some of these embodiments, R 31 ~R33 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from one of the following: H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted olefin group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring-forming atoms.

[0114] In some of these embodiments, R 31 ~R 33 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from one of the following: H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted olefin group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0115] In some of these embodiments, R 31 ~R 33 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from one of the following: H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted olefin group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0116] In some of these embodiments, R 31 ~R 33 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from one of the following: H, D, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0117] Ar7 and Ar8 are each independently selected from one of the following: H, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group with 10 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group with 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0118] In some of these embodiments, Ar7 and Ar8 are independently selected from either H or one of the following structures: [ka] Here, Y7~Y9 are CR 34 R 35 One of the following is selected: O, S, S=O, C=O. Each Z8~Z 14 Each time they appear, each independently triggers a CR 36 Alternatively, selected from N, and each Z8~Z in the same structural formula 14 It is not N at the same time.

[0119] Each Z8~Z in the same structural formula 14 Each Z8 in the same structural formula is not simultaneously N, and each Z9 is not simultaneously N, and each Z 10 It is not that it is N at the same time, but rather each Z 11 It is not that it is N at the same time, but rather each Z 12 It is not that it is N at the same time, but rather each Z 13 It is not that it is N at the same time, but rather each Z 14 It is not N at the same time. 34 ~R 36 Each instance of this element is independently selected from one of the following: H, D, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 20 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms.

[0120] In some of these embodiments, Ar7 and Ar8 are each independently selected from H or one of the following structures.

[0121] [ka]

[0122] In some of these embodiments, Y7 to Y9 are each independently CR 34 R 35 One of O or S is selected.

[0123] In some of these embodiments, Y7 to Y9 are each independently CR 34 R 35 It is selected from one of the following: , or O.

[0124] In some of these embodiments, R 34 ~R 36 Each instance of this element is independently selected from H, D, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen.

[0125] In some of these embodiments, R 34 ~R 36 Each instance of this element is independently selected from one of the following: H, D, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen.

[0126] In some of these examples, Ar7 and Ar8 are each independently selected from either H or a phenyl group.

[0127] In some of these examples, Ar is selected from one of the following groups: [ka] [ka] [ka] Here, R 37 ~R 65 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2, -CONR 67 , -OCOR 68 The group is selected from one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms.

[0128] R 66~ R 68 Each of these is independently selected from one of the following: an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms.

[0129] In some of these embodiments, R 17 ~R 30 , R 37 ~R 65 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from one of the following: H, a halogen group, an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms.

[0130] Selectively, R 17 ~R 30 , R 37 ~R 65Each time it appears, it is independently selected from one of the following: H, a halogen group, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring-forming atoms, or an aromatic group having 5 to 15 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0131] Selectively, R 17 ~R 30 , R 37 ~R 65 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from one of the following: H, a halogen group, a paraffin group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a halogen-substituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or an aromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0132] In some of these embodiments, R 37 ~R 39 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms.

[0133] In some of these embodiments, R 37 ~R 39 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0134] In some of these embodiments, R 37 ~R 39 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 substituted or unsubstituted ring-forming atoms.

[0135] In some of these embodiments, R 37 ~R 39 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms, either substituted or unsubstituted.

[0136] In some of these embodiments, R 40 ~R 42 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms.

[0137] In some of these embodiments, R 40 ~R 42 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring-forming atoms.

[0138] In some of these embodiments, R 40 ~R 42Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0139] In some of these embodiments, R 40 ~R 42 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 substituted or unsubstituted ring-forming atoms.

[0140] In some of these embodiments, R 40 ~R 42 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0141] In some of these embodiments, R 43 ~R 45 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms.

[0142] In some of these embodiments, R 43 ~R 45Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0143] In some of these embodiments, R 43 ~R 45 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 substituted or unsubstituted ring-forming atoms.

[0144] In some of these embodiments, R 43 ~R 45 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0145] In some of these embodiments, R 46 ~R 48 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms.

[0146] In some of these embodiments, R 46 ~R 48Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0147] In some of these embodiments, R 46 ~R 48 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 substituted or unsubstituted ring-forming atoms.

[0148] In some of these embodiments, R 46 ~R 48 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0149] In some of these embodiments, R 49 ~R 51 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms.

[0150] In some of these embodiments, R 49 ~R 51Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0151] In some of these embodiments, R 49 ~R 51 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0152] In some of these embodiments, R 49 ~R 51 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms, either substituted or unsubstituted.

[0153] In some of these embodiments, R 52 ~R 55 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms.

[0154] In some of these embodiments, R 52 ~R 55Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms.

[0155] In some of these embodiments, R 52 ~R 55 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0156] In some of these embodiments, R 52 ~R 55 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0157] In some of these embodiments, R 52 ~R 55 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0158] In some of these embodiments, R 56 ~R 57 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms.

[0159] In some of these embodiments, R 56 ~R 57 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0160] In some of these embodiments, R 56 ~R 57 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0161] In some of these embodiments, R 56 ~R 57 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66)2. Select one of the following: a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0162] In some of these embodiments, R 58 ~R 59 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms.

[0163] In some of these embodiments, R 58 ~R 59 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0164] In some of these embodiments, R 58 ~R 59 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0165] In some of these embodiments, R58 ~R 59 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms, either substituted or unsubstituted.

[0166] In some of these embodiments, R 60 ~R 61 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms.

[0167] In some of these embodiments, R 60 ~R 61 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0168] In some of these embodiments, R 60 ~R 61 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66)2. Select one of the following: a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0169] In some of these embodiments, R 60 ~R 61 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0170] In some of these embodiments, R 62 ~R 63 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms.

[0171] In some of these embodiments, R 62 ~R 63 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0172] In some of these embodiments, R 62~R 63 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0173] In some of these embodiments, R 62 ~R 63 Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. 66 )2. Select one of the following: a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0174] In some of these embodiments, R 64 ~R 68 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from one of the following: an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen.

[0175] Selectively, R 64 ~R 68Each time it appears, it is independently selected from one of the following: H, D, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen.

[0176] In some of these embodiments, R 64 ~R 68 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from one of the following: H, D, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen.

[0177] In some of these embodiments, m 10 ~m 11 , m 14 , m 19 ~m 20 and m 23 Each is independently selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

[0178] In some of these embodiments, m 13 , m 16 ~m 17 , m 22 , m 25 ~m 26 Each is independently selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

[0179] In some of these embodiments, m 12 , m 15 , m 18 , m 21 , m 24 , m 27 ~m 29 , m 32 ~m 33n2 is independently selected from 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0180] In some of these embodiments, m 30 ~m 31 , m 34 ~m 35 Each of these is independently selected from 1 or 2.

[0181] In some of the embodiments, each time R1 appears, it is independently selected from one of the following: a phosphonic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a carboxylic acid group, a sulfinic acid group, a boric acid group, or a silicate group. Selectively, the phosphonic acid group includes at least one of an n-phosphonic acid group, a phosphinate acid group, and a metaphosphonic acid group.

[0182] Selectively, each time R1 appears, it is independently selected from one of the following structures: [ka] * indicates a connecting point.

[0183] In some of these embodiments, the oxo salt of the compound shown in formula (1) comprises an anion and a cation, wherein the anion is formed by the loss of H from at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group of the oxo acid group in the compound shown in formula (1), and the cation is a metal ion or NH4 + Selected from.

[0184] In some of the examples, the metal ions include at least one of alkali metal ions, calcium ions, magnesium ions, iron ions, copper ions, zinc ions, and aluminum ions.

[0185] In some of these embodiments, L is independently selected from paraffin subunits having 1 to 10 carbon atoms each time it appears.

[0186] In some of these embodiments, L is independently selected from paraffin subunits having 2 to 8 carbon atoms each time it appears.

[0187] In some of these embodiments, L is independently selected each time it appears from either a linear alkane subunit having 2 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched alkane subunit having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.

[0188] In some of these embodiments, L is independently selected from paraffin subunits having 2 to 6 carbon atoms each time it appears.

[0189] In some of these embodiments, L is independently selected from paraffin subunits having 3 to 5 carbon atoms each time it appears.

[0190] In some of these embodiments, L is independently selected each time it appears from a linear alkane subunit or a branched alkane subunit having 3 to 5 carbon atoms.

[0191] In some of these examples, L is independently selected each time it appears from among a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a nonyl group, and a decyl group.

[0192] In some of these embodiments, the organic compound comprises at least one of the compounds shown in formulas (SAM1) to (SAM17) below, and the oxo salts of the compounds shown in formulas (SAM1) to (SAM17).

[0193] [ka] [ka] In some of these examples, the above organic compounds can be produced by referring to organic synthesis methods commonly used in the art. Hereinafter, the compound of formula (SAM1) will be used as an example to describe its production method, which includes the following steps.

[0194] Compound 3 is produced by the first substitution reaction of compound 1 and compound 2, and the synthesis route is as follows.

[0195] [ka]

[0196] In some of these examples, the first substitution reaction is carried out under the action of potassium carbonate (K2CO3) and cuprous iodide (CuI).

[0197] In some of these examples, the temperature of the first substitution reaction is 100°C to 145°C, and the duration is 15 to 25 hours.

[0198] In some of these examples, the first substitution reaction is carried out in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF).

[0199] Compound 3 and triethyl phosphite (P(OEt)3) were subjected to a second substitution reaction to produce the compound of formula (SAM1), and the synthesis route is as follows.

[0200] [ka]

[0201] In some of these examples, the second substitution reaction is carried out under the action of trimethylbromosilane (TMSBr).

[0202] In some of these examples, the second substitution reaction is carried out in methanol (MeOH).

[0203] One embodiment of this application provides an application of the above-mentioned organic compound as a passivation material or a hole transport material.

[0204] One embodiment of this application provides a solar cell containing the above-mentioned organic compound.

[0205] The above organic compounds may be used as passivation materials or as hole transport materials, and can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells.

[0206] In some of these embodiments, the solar cell includes stacked perovskite layers, a hole transport layer, and a passivation layer provided on at least one surface of the hole transport layer. In some of these embodiments, at least one of the perovskite layers, the hole transport layer, and the passivation layer contains an organic compound.

[0207] It can be understood that the hole transport layer has two opposing surfaces, one close to the perovskite layer and the other away from the perovskite layer, and the passivation layer may be located on at least one of the surfaces, i.e., including one of the following:

[0208] A solar cell includes stacked perovskite layers, a hole transport layer, and a passivation layer, or A solar cell includes stacked perovskite layers, a passivation layer, and a hole transport layer, or The solar cell includes stacked perovskite layers, a passivation layer, a hole transport layer, and another passivation layer.

[0209] The above organic compounds can exert a passivation effect when doped into a perovskite layer, and can induce hole transport in either the hole transport layer or the passivation layer, or induce a passivation effect.

[0210] In some of these embodiments, a passivation layer is placed between the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer.

[0211] One thing that can be understood is that the perovskite layer includes perovskite materials that are commonly used in this field.

[0212] In some of these examples, the chemical formula of the perovskite material satisfies ABX3 or A2CDX6, where A is an inorganic cation or an organic cation or a mixture thereof, which may be at least one of formamidin ions (FA), methylammonium ions (MA), and Cs ions; B is an inorganic metal cation, which may be at least one of Pb ions and Sn ions; C is a noble metal cation, which is generally Ag+; and D is a heavy metal or rare metal cation, such as a bismuth cation (Bi 3+ Antimony cation Sb 3+ , and indium cation In 3+ It may be at least one of the following, where X is oxygen or a halogen element, and may be at least one of O, Br and I.

[0213] In some of these examples, the band gap of the perovskite layer is 1.20 eV to 2.30 eV, and the thickness is 200 nm to 1000 nm.

[0214] In some of these embodiments, referring to Figure 1, there is a solar cell 10 which includes a stacked hole transport layer 12, a passivation layer 13, and a perovskite layer 14, and at least one of the passivation layer 13, the hole transport layer 12, and the perovskite layer 14 contains the above-mentioned organic compound.

[0215] In some of these embodiments, the components of the passivation layer 13 include the organic compound of the first embodiment, and the mass ratio of the organic compound in the passivation layer is K1, 0 <K1≦100%である。

[0216] Selectively, K1 may be 1 to 100 wt%, for example, 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt%, 50 wt%, 60 wt%, 70 wt%, 80 wt%, 90 wt%, or 100 wt%.

[0217] In some of these embodiments, if K1 is not 100%, the passivation layer may further contain other passivation materials commonly used in the art, such as SAM18 and SAM19, which are listed later, and if K1 is 100%, it means that the material of the passivation layer is the organic compound described above.

[0218] In one embodiment, the thickness of the passivation layer is 1 to 50 nm.

[0219] Selectively, the thickness of the passivation layer may be in the range of 1 nm, 5 nm, 10 nm, 15 nm, 20 nm, 25 nm, 30 nm, 35 nm, 40 nm, 45 nm, or 50 nm, or any two of these values.

[0220] In some of these embodiments, when the passivation layer contains the above-mentioned organic compound, the material of the hole transport layer may be at least one of the various hole transport materials commonly used in the art and the above-mentioned organic compound, in which case the mass percentage of the above-mentioned organic compound in the hole transport layer may be 0 to 100%, and selectively, the mass percentage of the above-mentioned organic compound in the hole transport layer may be 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100%.

[0221] Various hole transport materials commonly used in this field include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following materials and derivatives: nickel oxide, zinc oxide, molybdenum oxide, 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,Np-anisyl)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD), poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA), and [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazole-9-yl)butyl]phosphate (Me-4Pacz).

[0222] In some of these embodiments, when the passivation layer contains the above-mentioned organic compound, the mass percentage of the above-mentioned organic compound in the perovskite layer may be 0 to 0.5%, and selectively, the mass percentage of the above-mentioned organic compound in the perovskite layer may be 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, or 0.5%.

[0223] In some of these examples, the hole transport layer contains the above-mentioned organic compound, and the mass ratio of the above-mentioned organic compound in the hole transport layer is K2, 0 <K2≦100%である。

[0224] Selectively, K2 may be in a range of 1 to 100 wt%, for example, 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt%, 50 wt%, 60 wt%, 70 wt%, 80 wt%, 90 wt%, or 100 wt%, or any two of these values.

[0225] In some of these embodiments, if K2 is not 100%, the hole transport layer may further contain at least one of other hole transport layer materials commonly found in the art, such as nickel oxide, zinc oxide, molybdenum oxide, 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,Np-anisyl)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD), poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA), and [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazole-9-yl)butyl]phosphate (Me-4Pacz).

[0226] In some of these embodiments, when K2 is 100%, it means that the material of the hole transport layer is the aforementioned organic compound.

[0227] In one embodiment, the thickness of the hole transport layer is 1 to 50 nm.

[0228] Optionally, the thickness of the hole transport layer may be 1 nm, 5 nm, 10 nm, 15 nm, 20 nm, 25 nm, 30 nm, 35 nm, 40 nm, 45 nm or 50 nm, or a range consisting of any two of these values.

[0229] In some of these embodiments, when the hole transport layer contains the aforementioned organic compound, the proportion of the aforementioned organic compound in the perovskite layer may be 0 to 0.5%, and optionally, the mass proportion of the aforementioned organic compound in the perovskite layer may be 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, or 0.5%.

[0230] In some of these embodiments, when the hole transport layer contains the aforementioned organic compound, the proportion of the aforementioned organic compound in the passivation layer may be 0 to 100%, and optionally, the mass proportion of the aforementioned organic compound in the passivation layer may be 0, 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt%, 50 wt%, 60 wt%, 70 wt%, 80 wt%, 90 wt%, or 100 wt%, or a range consisting of any two of these values.

[0231] In some of these embodiments, the perovskite layer contains the aforementioned organic compound, and the mass proportion of the aforementioned organic compound in the perovskite layer is K3, where 0.01% ≤ K3 ≤ 0.5%.

[0232] Optionally, 0.01% < K3 ≤ 0.5%, and further, K3 is optionally 0.1 to 0.5 wt%, for example 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt% or 0.5 wt%, or a range consisting of any two of these values.

[0233] In some of these examples, doping was achieved by adding the above-mentioned organic compound to a perovskite precursor solution, where the concentration of the organic compound in the perovskite precursor solution was 0.1 mg / mL to 5 mg / mL.

[0234] In some of these embodiments, when the perovskite layer contains the above-mentioned organic compound, the mass percentage of the above-mentioned organic compound in the passivation layer may be 0 to 100%, and further may be 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100%.

[0235] In other words, if the perovskite layer contains the above-mentioned organic compound, the passivation layer may also contain the above-mentioned organic compound, or it may use other passivation materials commonly used in this field, or a mixture of both.

[0236] Other passivation materials commonly used in this field are the same as those mentioned above and will not be explained further here.

[0237] In some of these embodiments, when the perovskite layer contains the above-mentioned organic compound, the mass percentage of the above-mentioned organic compound in the hole transport layer may be 0 to 100%, and further may be 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100%.

[0238] In other words, if the perovskite layer contains the above-mentioned organic compound, the hole transport layer may also contain the above-mentioned organic compound, or it may use other hole transport materials commonly used in this field, or a mixture of both.

[0239] Other hole transport materials commonly used in this field are the same as those described above and will not be explained further here.

[0240] Continuing to refer to Figure 1, the solar cell 10 further includes a first electrode 11, an electron transport layer 15, a hole blocking layer 16, and a second electrode 17.

[0241] Here, the first electrode 11 is located on the surface of the hole transport layer 12 away from the passivation layer 13, the electron transport layer 15 is located on the surface of the perovskite layer 14 away from the passivation layer 13, the hole blocking layer 16 is located on the surface of the electron transport layer 15 away from the perovskite layer 14, and the second electrode 17 is located on the surface of the hole blocking layer 16 away from the electron transport layer 15.

[0242] In some of these embodiments, the solar cell 10 may be a cis-type solar cell (nip planar structure) or a transformer-type solar cell (pin planar structure).

[0243] It should be explained that when the first electrode 11 is a transparent electrode, that is, when the first electrode side is the light incident side, the solar cell 10 is a transformer-type solar cell, and conversely, when the second electrode 17 is a transparent electrode, that is, when the second electrode side is the light incident side, the solar cell 10 is a cis-type solar cell. In some of these embodiments, the first electrode 11 is a transparent conductive electrode, and the material of the first electrode 11 may be any one of fluorine-doped tin dioxide (FTO), tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), boron-doped zinc oxide (BZO), zinc aluminum oxide (AZO), or IZO.

[0244] In some of these embodiments, the components of the electron transport layer 15 may be electron transport materials commonly used in this field, and non-limiting examples include [6,6]-phenyl-C61-methyl butyrate (PC61BM), [6,6]-phenyl-C71-methyl butyrate (PC71BM), fullerene C60 (C60), fullerene C70 (C70), tin dioxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), and the like.

[0245] In some of these examples, the components of the hole-blocking layer 16 may be hole-blocking materials commonly used in the art, and non-limiting examples include at least one of BCP(2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline), 1,3,5-tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole-2-yl)benzene, and 4,4'-bis(2,2-distyryl)-1,1'-biphenyl.

[0246] In some of these embodiments, the material of the second electrode 17 may be an electrode material commonly used in this field, including, but not limited to, materials such as Ag, Cu, C, Au, Al, ITO, AZO, BZO, and IZO.

[0247] The manufacturing process for the first electrode, hole transport layer, perovskite layer, electron transport layer, and second electrode may use manufacturing methods commonly used in this field, and may include solution methods and solid-phase deposition methods. The solution method may include any one of the following: spin coating, spray coating, blade coating, and slit coating. The solid-phase deposition method may include any one of the following: vacuum deposition, sputtering deposition, plasma deposition, and ion deposition.

[0248] In some of these embodiments, the functional film layer is a hole transport layer, and the components of the hole transport layer include organic compounds.

[0249] The hole transport material may be used directly as a component of the hole transport layer, and can provide both passivation and hole transport. Even when the hole transport layer is in direct contact with the perovskite layer, i.e., without the installation of an additional passivation layer, it can still improve the efficiency of the device.

[0250] In some of these embodiments, the solar cell includes a stacked electron transport layer, a perovskite layer, and a hole transport layer, wherein the perovskite layer is in direct contact with the hole transport layer, and at least one of the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer contains the organic material.

[0251] In some of these embodiments, referring to Figure 2, there is a solar cell 20 which includes a stacked first electrode 21, a hole transport layer 22, a perovskite layer 23, an electron transport layer 24, a hole blocking layer 25, and a second electrode 26.

[0252] At least one of the perovskite layer 23 and the hole transport layer 22 contains at least one of the organic compounds shown in formula (1) and their oxo salts.

[0253] In some of these examples, the hole transport layer 22 contains the above organic compound, and the mass ratio of the above organic compound in the hole transport layer is K2, 0 <K2≦100%である。

[0254] Selectively, K2 may be in a range of 1 to 100 wt%, for example, 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt%, 50 wt%, 60 wt%, 70 wt%, 80 wt%, 90 wt%, or 100 wt%, or any two of these values.

[0255] In some of these embodiments, if K2 is not 100%, the hole transport layer may further contain at least one of other hole transport layer materials commonly found in the art, such as nickel oxide, zinc oxide, molybdenum oxide, 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,Np-anisyl)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD), poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA), and [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazole-9-yl)butyl]phosphate (Me-4Pacz).

[0256] In some of these embodiments, when K2 is 100%, it means that the material of the hole transport layer is the above-mentioned organic compound.

[0257] In some of these examples, the hole transport layer 22 contains the above-mentioned organic compound, and the mass percentage of the above-mentioned organic compound in the perovskite layer may be 0 to 0.5%, and further may be 0, 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, or 0.5 wt%.

[0258] In other words, if the hole transport layer contains the above-mentioned organic compound, the perovskite layer may be doped with the above-mentioned organic compound. Furthermore, the perovskite material in the perovskite layer may be any perovskite material commonly used in this field, and the type is the same as described above, which will not be explained further here.

[0259] In some of these examples, the perovskite layer contains the above-mentioned organic compound, and the mass percentage of the above-mentioned organic compound in the perovskite layer is K3, which is 0.01%. <K3≦0.5%である。

[0260] Selectively, K3 is a range of 0.1 to 0.5 wt%, for example, 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, or 0.5 wt%, or any two of these values.

[0261] In some of these examples, doping was achieved by adding the above-mentioned organic compound to a perovskite precursor solution, where the concentration of the organic compound in the perovskite precursor solution was 0.1 mg / mL to 5 mg / mL.

[0262] In some of these embodiments, when the perovskite layer contains the above-mentioned organic compound, the mass percentage of the above-mentioned organic compound in the hole transport layer may be 0 to 100%, and further may be 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100%.

[0263] In other words, if the perovskite layer contains the above-mentioned organic compound, the hole transport layer may also contain the above-mentioned organic compound, or it may use other hole transport materials commonly used in this field, or a mixture of both.

[0264] Other types of hole transport materials commonly used in this field are the same as those described above and will not be explained further here.

[0265] The material selection for the first electrode 21, electron transport layer 24, hole blocking layer 25, and second electrode 26 corresponds to the material selection for the first electrode 11, electron transport layer 15, hole blocking layer 16, and second electrode 17, respectively, and will not be explained further here.

[0266] In some of these embodiments, the solar cell includes a second electrode, an electron transport layer, a perovskite layer, and a first electrode, wherein the perovskite layer is in direct contact with the first electrode, and the perovskite layer contains the organic material.

[0267] In other words, if the perovskite layer contains the above-mentioned organic material, the photoelectric efficiency can be improved even without the installation of additional hole transport and passivation layers.

[0268] It is understood that the above-mentioned perovskite layer contains perovskite material, and may use perovskite material commonly used in this field. The perovskite material commonly used in this field is the same as described above, and will not be explained further here.

[0269] In some of these examples, the mass percentage of the above organic compound in the perovskite layer is 0.01% to 0.5%, and selectively within the range of 0.1 to 0.5 wt%, for example, 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, or 0.5 wt%, or any two of these values.

[0270] In some of these examples, doping was achieved by adding the above-mentioned organic compound to a perovskite precursor solution, where the concentration of the organic compound in the perovskite precursor solution was 0.1 mg / mL to 5 mg / mL.

[0271] In some of these embodiments, the solar cell further includes a hole-blocking layer provided on a surface away from the perovskite layer of the electron transport layer.

[0272] Here, the material selection for the first electrode, hole blocking layer, electron transport layer, and second electrode is the same as described above and will not be explained further here.

[0273] One embodiment of this application further provides a photovoltaic power generation assembly including the above-mentioned solar cell.

[0274] The above-mentioned solar cells have high photoelectric conversion efficiency and good stability, which can improve the efficiency of solar power generation assemblies.

[0275] The above photovoltaic assembly includes one or more solar cells, which may be selected depending on the specific application scenario, and furthermore, the photovoltaic assembly includes multiple solar cells, which are connected in series or in parallel to form a battery sheet.

[0276] In some of these embodiments, the photovoltaic assembly further includes a photovoltaic glass layer, an adhesive layer, and a backsheet.

[0277] The battery sheet has adhesive layers on both of its surfaces. A back sheet is provided on the surface of one of the adhesive layers that is not attached to the battery sheet, and a solar power generation glass layer is provided on the surface of the other adhesive layer that is not attached to the battery sheet.

[0278] The photovoltaic glass layer and backsheet are used to protect the solar cell, providing sealing, insulation, and waterproofing effects, while the adhesive layer bonds the photovoltaic glass layer to the battery sheet and the backsheet to the battery sheet.

[0279] Selectively, the material used for the solar power generation glass layer is tempered glass, the material used for the backsheet is TPT (polyvinyl fluoride) or TPE (thermoplastic elastomer), and the material used for the adhesive layer is EVA (polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer).

[0280] Furthermore, the above-mentioned solar power generation assembly further includes a junction box and an outer frame.

[0281] The junction box is used to protect the entire power generation system of the solar power assembly. It acts as a current relay station, and if a battery sheet short-circuits, the junction box automatically disconnects the short-circuited battery string.

[0282] The outer frame can support and protect the entire solar power generation assembly, and the frame may be made of an aluminum alloy material that has excellent strength and corrosion resistance.

[0283] Furthermore, silica gel is used to bond and seal the connections between the frame and other parts of the photovoltaic assembly. The photovoltaic assembly can convert solar energy into electrical energy, send it to a battery for storage, or power a load.

[0284] In some of these embodiments, the photovoltaic assembly is a solar cell panel.

[0285] One embodiment of this application further provides a photovoltaic power generation system including the above-mentioned photovoltaic power generation assembly.

[0286] The photovoltaic power generation system utilizes the photovoltaic effect of the solar cells in the above-mentioned photovoltaic power generation assembly to directly convert solar radiation energy into electrical energy, resulting in high efficiency. Furthermore, the above-mentioned photovoltaic power generation system is a photovoltaic system.

[0287] A photovoltaic assembly is the core component of a photovoltaic system, and the photovoltaic system includes one or more photovoltaic assemblies, which may be selected depending on the specific application scenario. Furthermore, if the photovoltaic system includes multiple photovoltaic assemblies, the multiple photovoltaic assemblies form a photovoltaic array.

[0288] The above-mentioned photovoltaic power generation system may be an off-grid photovoltaic system or a grid-connected photovoltaic system.

[0289] An independent photovoltaic system includes a solar power array, battery pack, charge controller, power converter (inverter), and load. Its operating principle is that solar radiation energy is first converted into electrical energy via the solar power array, then converted again by the power converter before being supplied to the load. Excess electrical energy is stored in an energy storage device in the form of chemical energy after passing through the charge controller. Thus, when sunlight is insufficient, the energy stored in the battery is boosted by the power converter, filter, and commercial frequency transformer to become 220V AC, 50 Hz electrical energy, which is then used for AC loads.

[0290] A grid-connected photovoltaic system includes a photovoltaic array, a high-frequency DC / DC boost circuit, a power-electronic converter (inverter), and system monitoring equipment. Its operating principle is that solar radiation energy is converted by the photovoltaic array, then converted to high-voltage DC power by high-frequency DC conversion, and then reverse-converted by a power-electronic inverter to output a sinusoidal AC current that matches the voltage and phase frequency of the power grid to the power grid.

[0291] The two photovoltaic systems described above each have their own unique characteristics and may be selected depending on the specific application scenario.

[0292] One embodiment of this application further provides a power consumption device that includes at least one of the above-mentioned solar cell and photovoltaic assembly.

[0293] The above-mentioned power-consuming devices may include, but are not limited to, mobile equipment, electric vehicles, electric trains, ships and satellites, and energy storage systems.

[0294] In some of these embodiments, the mobile device may be a mobile phone or a laptop computer.

[0295] In some of these embodiments, electric vehicles include, but are not limited to, pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, electric bicycles, electric scooters, electric golf carts, and electric trucks. [Examples]

[0296] The present application will be described below with reference to specific embodiments, but it should be understood that this application is not limited to the embodiments described below, and that the attached claims summarize the scope of this application, and that those skilled in the art, guided by the concept of this application, should recognize that certain modifications made to each embodiment of this application are covered by the spirit and scope of the claims of this application.

[0297] The following are specific examples.

[0298] Example 1 Step 1: Preparation of the organic compound SAM1. The specific steps are as follows:

[0299] (1) Compound 1 (1 mmol), potassium carbonate (K2CO3, 1.5 mmol), cuprous iodide (CuI, 2 mmol), compound 2 (1.1 mmol), and DMF (10 mL) were blended and reacted by heating at 125°C for 20 hours under nitrogen gas protection. After separation by silica gel chromatography column, compound 3 was obtained. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0300] [ka]

[0301] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 3, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.18 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.98 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.89 (s, 2H), 7.75 (d, J = 7.2Hz, 4H), 7.53-7.41 (m, 8H), 7.29 (d, J = 7.2Hz, 2H), 3.66-3.61 (m, 2H), 3.08-3.03 (m, 2H).

[0302] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 3 was calculated to be 58% using the following formula.

[0303] Yield = Moles of Compound 3 / Moles of Compound 1 × 100%

[0304] (2) Compound 3 (1 mmol) and triethyl phosphite (P(OEt)3, 10 mL) were blended and heated at 160°C for 20 hours under nitrogen gas protection to react. The remaining triethyl phosphite was removed by vacuum distillation, and the crude product was blended with tributylbromosilane (TMSBr, 0.72 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (5 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours under nitrogen gas protection, the solvent was removed, methanol (MeOH, 5 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 12 hours. Deionized water (1 mL) was then added, and the solid powder precipitated to obtain SAM1. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0305] [ka]

[0306] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on the product SAM1, and the test results are as follows.

[0307] 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ8.18 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.98( d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.89 (s, 2H), 7.75 (d, J = 7.2Hz, 4H), 7.53-7.41 ( m, 8H), 7.29 (d, J= 7.2Hz, 2H), 2.83-2.79 (m, 2H), 2.03-2.00 (m, 2H).

[0308] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product SAM1 was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps.

[0309] Furthermore, the yield of product SAM1 was calculated to be 55% using the following formula.

[0310] Yield = Moles of product SAM1 / Moles of compound 3 × 100%

[0311] Step 2: Manufacturing of solar cells. The specific steps are as follows:

[0312] 1. Cleaning of FTO conductive glass: 0.35 cm was removed from both ends of a 2.0 cm x 2.0 cm FTO conductive glass by laser etching to expose the glass substrate. Deionized water, acetone, and isopropyl alcohol were added, and ultrasonic cleaning was performed sequentially for 10 minutes. After cleaning, the FTO conductive glass was dried under a nitrogen gas gun to remove the solvent, and then subjected to ultraviolet ozone cleaning in an ultraviolet ozone machine to create the first electrode.

[0313] 2. Preparation of the hole transport layer: A nano-nickel oxide methanol solution (10 mg / mL) was spin-coated onto an FTO conductive glass surface at 2000 rpm, annealed to remove the solvent, and a nickel oxide film was formed to obtain a hole transport layer with a thickness of 30 nm.

[0314] 3. Preparation of the passivation layer: The above compound SAM1 was dissolved in methanol to obtain a self-assembling molecular solution (1 mg / mL) after dissolution. The self-assembling molecular solution was spin-coated onto the surface of the hole transport layer at a speed of 3000 rpm, and annealed to form a self-assembling molecular layer, obtaining a passivation layer with a thickness of 5 nm.

[0315] 4. Preparation of the perovskite layer: Lead iodide (726 mg), formamidine iodide (240 mg), cesium iodide (19 mg), and lead bromide (11 mg) were weighed and dissolved in 1 mL of a 4:1 volume ratio DMF:DMSO mixed solvent. The mixture was stirred for 3 hours and filtered through a 0.22 μm organic filtration membrane to obtain a perovskite precursor solution. The perovskite precursor solution was spin-coated onto the surface of the passivation layer at a speed of 3000 rpm, annealed at 100°C for 30 minutes, and cooled to room temperature to form a perovskite layer with a CsFA-based active material and a thickness of 800 nm.

[0316] 5. Manufacturing of the electron transport layer: The electron transport material PC is applied to the surface of the perovskite layer at a speed of 1500 rpm. 61 BM was spin-coated to form an electron transport layer with a thickness of 35 nm. Then, a hole-blocking material BCP (2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) was spin-coated at 5000 rpm, and the material was annealed at 100°C for 10 minutes to form a hole-blocking layer with a thickness of 15 nm.

[0317] 6. Fabrication of the second electrode: The device obtained in step 5 was placed in a reticle, and 80 nm of silver was deposited on the surface of the hole blocking layer in a vacuum deposition apparatus to form the second electrode and obtain a complete perovskite solar cell 10.

[0318] The specific structure of the perovskite solar cell 10, as shown in Figure 1, includes a first electrode 11, a hole transport layer 12, a passivation layer 13, a perovskite layer 14, an electron transport layer 15, a hole blocking layer 16, and a second electrode 17, all stacked in order.

[0319] 7. Performance Test: Photoelectric conversion efficiency was measured using the IV measurement method. The specific steps are as follows.

[0320] By measuring the current while changing the bias voltage point, the IV characteristics of the sample under test were obtained.

[0321] a) Place the test fixture with the sample battery attached in the sample holder, position it within the measurement plane, and ensure that the sample battery is located at the center of the solar simulator's emission spot (or that the normal of the photovoltaic battery is parallel to the center line of the emission beam of the solar simulator's light source). b) Using Koen's solar power simulator, tests were conducted in accordance with the national standard IEC61215, correcting the light intensity using crystalline silicon solar cells to achieve a single solar intensity of 1000 W / m 2 Under these irradiance conditions, a mask is attached to the sample battery to be measured, and during the measurement process, the temperature of the sample battery is controlled using a temperature monitoring device to maintain the temperature of the sample at (30±5℃). c) The scanning direction, voltage range, scanning interval voltage, and scanning interval time were set. Here, it was recommended that the scanning interval be 0.02V or less and the interval time between two adjacent points be 0.02s or more. The forward and reverse scanning current-voltage characteristics of the sample battery under test were measured, and the maximum power point current Vm, maximum power point voltage, and open-circuit voltage Vm were determined. oc and short-circuit current J sc It was recorded.

[0322] Formula: Filling coefficient FF = J m ×V m / V oc ×J sc Therefore, the photoelectric conversion efficiency PCE = V oc ×J sc ×FF / P in P in is the incident light intensity, where 10 3 W / m 2This is equivalent to the following: Perovskite solar cells were naturally aged for 10 days under nitrogen gas atmosphere and room temperature conditions. During this process, their photoconversion efficiency was tested every 12 hours according to the above steps, and the highest efficiency measured was designated as the optimal efficiency, as shown in Table 1.

[0323] The photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of a perovskite solar cell after being left standing for 30 days in an N2 atmosphere at room temperature is denoted as P30, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0324] Example 2 Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM2. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0325] Step (1): Referring to Step (1) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, compound 1 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 4, and compound 2 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 5 to obtain compound 6 after the reaction. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0326] [ka]

[0327] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 6, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.54 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.99-7.91 (m, 8H), 7.62-7.53 (m, 8H), 7.32 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.66-3.61 (m, 2H), 3.08-3.03 (m, 2H).

[0328] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 6 was calculated to be 77% using the following formula.

[0329] Yield = Number of moles of compound 6 / Number of moles of compound 4 × 100%

[0330] Step (2): Referring to step (2) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, compound 3 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 6, and compound SAM2 was obtained after the reaction. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0331] [ka]

[0332] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound SAM2, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.97 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 8.31 (s, 6H), 8.12 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.59 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.28 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.02 (s, 2H), 4.18-4.14 (m, 2H), 1.73-1.69 (m, 4H), 1.26-1.23 (m, 2H).

[0333] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product SAM2 was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of product SAM2 was calculated to be 45% using the following formula.

[0334] Yield = Moles of product SAM2 / Moles of compound 6 × 100%

[0335] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0336] Example 3 Example 3 is essentially the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM3. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0337] Step (1): Referring to Step (1) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, compound 1 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 7, and compound 2 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 8 to obtain compound 9 after the reaction. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0338] [ka]

[0339] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 9, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ 7.38 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.21-7.16 (m, 6H), 7.07 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.00-6.96 (m, 2H).

[0340] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 9 was calculated to be 77% using the following formula.

[0341] Yield = Moles of Compound 9 / Moles of Compound 7 × 100%

[0342] Step (2): Compound 9 (1 mmol), Compound 10 (1.1 mmol), potassium acetate (KOAc, 2 mmol), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphin)ferrocenedichloropalladium (5% mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) were blended and heated at 85°C for 12 hours under nitrogen gas protection. The filtrate was then obtained through diatomaceous earth, and after removing the solvent, the crude product was blended with Compound 11 (1.2 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL). The mixture was heated at 110°C for 48 hours under nitrogen gas protection, and then separated by silica gel chromatography column to obtain Compound 12. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0343] [ka]

[0344] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 12, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.70 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.40-7.34 (m, 3H), 7.21-7.13 (m, 7H), 7.07 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.00-6.96 (m, 2H).

[0345] As can be seen from the results summarized above, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 12 was calculated to be 57% using the following formula.

[0346] Yield = Moles of Compound 12 / Moles of Compound 9 × 100%

[0347] Step (3): Compound 12 (1 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF, 10 mL), and a solution of n-butyllithium in n-hexane (n-BuLi, 2.5 M, 0.5 mL) was added dropwise at -78 °C. After stirring for 2 hours, a solution of zinc chloride in tetrahydrofuran (1 M, 1.3 mL) was added, and after stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol) and compound 2 (1.1 mmol) were added. After heating to 75 °C, compound 13 was obtained by separation by silica gel chromatography column. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0348] [ka]

[0349] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 13, and the results are shown below. 1H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ 7.77 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.37-7.30 (m, 6H), 7.21-7.15 (m, 6H), 7.00-6.96 (m, 4H), 3.66-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.08-3.03 (m, 2H).

[0350] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product SAM13 was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of product 13 was calculated to be 58% using the following formula.

[0351] Yield = Moles of product 13 / Moles of compound 12 × 100%

[0352] Step (4): Compound 13 (1 mmol) and triethyl phosphite (P(OEt)3, 10 mL) were blended and heated at 160°C for 20 hours under nitrogen gas protection to react. Triethyl phosphite was then removed by vacuum distillation, and the crude product was blended with tributylbromosilane (TMSBr, 0.72 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (5 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours under nitrogen gas protection, the solvent was removed, methanol (5 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 12 hours. Deionized water (1 mL) was then added, and the solid powder was precipitated to obtain SAM3. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0353] [ka]

[0354] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound SAM3, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.77 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.37-7.30 (m, 6H), 7.21-7.15 (m, 6H), 7.00-6.96 (m, 4H), 2.84-2.78 (m, 2H), 2.04-1.99 (m, 2H).

[0355] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product SAM3 was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of product SAM3 was calculated to be 45% using the following formula.

[0356] Yield = Moles of product SAM3 / Moles of compound 13 × 100%

[0357] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0358] Example 4 Example 4 is basically the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM4. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0359] Step (1): Compound 14 (1 mmol) was blended with compound 15 (1.1 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL). The mixture was heated at 110°C for 48 hours under nitrogen gas protection, and then separated by silica gel chromatography to obtain compound 16. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0360] [ka]

[0361] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 16, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.37-7.24 (m, 7H), 7.08-6.99 (m, 8H), 6.80 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 3.56-3.51 (m, 2H), 3.38-3.33 (m, 2H).

[0362] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 16 was calculated to be 77% using the following formula.

[0363] Yield = Moles of Compound 16 / Moles of Compound 14 × 100%

[0364] Step (2): Referring to step (2) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, compound 3 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 16, and compound SAM4 was obtained after the reaction. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0365] [ka]

[0366] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound SAM4, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.37-7.24 (m, 7H), 7.08-6.99 (m, 8H), 6.80 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 3.11-3.05 (m, 2H), 1.98-1.93 (m, 2H).

[0367] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product SAM4 was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of product SAM4 was calculated to be 45% using the following formula.

[0368] Yield = Moles of product SAM4 / Moles of compound 16 × 100%

[0369] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0370] Example 5 Example 5 is basically the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM5. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0371] Step (1): Compound 14 (1 mmol) was blended with compound 17 (1.1 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL). The mixture was heated at 110°C for 48 hours under nitrogen gas protection, and then separated by silica gel chromatography to obtain compound 18. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0372] [ka]

[0373] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 18, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR ( 400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.62 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.37-7.24 (m, 8H), 7.08-7.00 (m, 6H), 4.03-3.98 (m, 2H), 2.86-2.81 (m, 2H), 2.58-2.53 (m, 2H), 1.09-1.05 (m, 3H).

[0374] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 18 was calculated to be 89% using the following formula.

[0375] Yield = Moles of Compound 18 / Moles of Compound 14 × 100%

[0376] Step (2): Compound 18 (1 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), blended with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH, 2 M, 10 mL), heated at 75°C for 20 hours, then concentrated hydrochloric acid was added dropwise until the solution pH < 1, and the precipitate was collected to obtain SAM5. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0377] [ka]

[0378] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound SAM5, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ 12.03 (s, 1H), 7.62 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.37-7.24 (m, 8H), 7.08-7.00 (m, 6H), 4.03-3.98 (m, 2H), 2.85-2.81 (m, 2H), 2.54-2.48 (m, 2H).

[0379] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product SAM5 was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of product SAM5 was calculated to be 72% using the following formula.

[0380] Yield = Moles of product SAM5 / Moles of compound 18 × 100%

[0381] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0382] Example 6 Example 6 is basically the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM6. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0383] Step (1): Compound 20 was obtained after filtering out compound 19 (1 mmol), compound 2 (1.1 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (Pd2dba3, 5% mmol), tert-butylphosphine (t-Bu3P, 10 mmol), and tert-sodium butoxide (2 mmol). The synthesis route is as follows.

[0384] [ka]

[0385] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 20, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.23-7.16 (m, 6H), 7.10-7.00 (m, 4H), 6.79-6.73 (m, 2H), 3.66-3.61 (m, 2H), 2.93-2.88 (m, 6H).

[0386] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 20 was calculated to be 55% using the following formula.

[0387] Yield = Moles of Compound 20 / Moles of Compound 19 × 100%

[0388] Step (2): Compound 20 (1 mmol) and triethyl phosphite (P(OEt)3, 10 mL) were blended and heated at 160°C for 20 hours under nitrogen gas protection. Triethyl phosphite was then removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was blended with tributylbromosilane (TMSBr, 0.72 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (5 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours under nitrogen gas protection, after which the solvent was removed. Methanol (5 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred for 12 hours. Deionized water (1 mL) was then added, and the solid powder was precipitated to obtain SAM6. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0389] [ka]

[0390] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound SAM6, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ 7.21-7.16 (m, 6H), 7.10-7.00 (m, 4H), 6.79-6.73 (m, 2H), 2.88 (s, 4H), 2.72-2.66 (m, 2H), 2.03-1.98 (m, 2H).

[0391] As can be seen from the results summarized above, the target product SAM6 was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of product SAM6 was calculated to be 55% using the following formula.

[0392] Yield = Moles of product SAM6 / Moles of compound 20 × 100%

[0393] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0394] Example 7 Example 7 is essentially the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM7. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0395] Step (1): Referring to Step (1) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, compound 1 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 21, and compound 2 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 5 to obtain compound 22 after the reaction. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0396] [ka]

[0397] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 22, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.62 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.37-7.32 (m, 4H), 7.19-7.14 (m, 6H), 6.98-6.93 (m, 2H), 3.66-3.61 (m, 2H), 3.08-3.03 (m, 2H), 1.69 (s, 6H).

[0398] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 22 was calculated to be 75% using the following formula.

[0399] Yield = Moles of Compound 22 / Moles of Compound 21 × 100%

[0400] Step (2): Referring to step (2) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, compound 3 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 22, and compound SAM7 was obtained after the reaction. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0401] [ka]

[0402] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound SAM7, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ 7.62 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.37-7.32 (m, 4H), 7.19-7.14 (m, 6H), 6.98-6.93 (m, 2H), 2.86-2.81 (m, 2H), 2.08-2.03 (m, 2H), 1.69 (s, 6H).

[0403] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product SAM7 was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of product SAM7 was calculated to be 45% using the following formula.

[0404] Yield = Moles of product SAM7 / Moles of compound 22 × 100%

[0405] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0406] Example 8 Example 8 is essentially the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM8. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0407] Step (1): Referring to Step (1) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, compound 1 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 23, and compound 2 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 24 to obtain compound 25 after the reaction. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0408] [ka]

[0409] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 25, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.76 (s, 1H), 8.64 (s, 1H), 7.87-7.82 (m, 4H), 7.49-7.44 (m, 6H), 7.10 (s, 2H), 3.66-3.61 (m, 2H), 3.08-3.03 (m, 2H).

[0410] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 25 was calculated to be 75% using the following formula.

[0411] Yield = Moles of Compound 25 / Moles of Compound 23 × 100%

[0412] Step (2): Referring to step (2) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, compound 3 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 25, and compound SAM8 was obtained after the reaction. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0413] [ka]

[0414] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound SAM8, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ 8.76 (s, 1H), 8.64 (s, 1H), 7.87-7.82 (m, 4H), 7.49-7.44 (m, 6H), 7.10 (s, 2H), 2.86-2.81 (m, 2H), 2.08-2.00 (m, 2H).

[0415] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product SAM8 was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of product SAM8 was calculated to be 45% using the following formula.

[0416] Yield = Moles of product SAM8 / Moles of compound 25 × 100%

[0417] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0418] Example 9 Example 9 is essentially the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM9. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0419] Step (1): Dissolve compound 26 (1 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), add 2 mL of tetrahydrofuran solution of compound 27 (1 mmol) dropwise at -78°C, stir at room temperature for 12 hours, pour into water (50 mL), extract with dichloromethane (50 mL x 3), remove solvent, dissolve the oily substance in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), add 3 mL of tetrahydrofuran solution of compound 28 (1.5 mmol) dropwise at -78°C, react for 12 hours, pour into water (50 mL), extract with dichloromethane (50 mL x 3), remove solvent, add the oily substance dropwise to a mixture of boiling sodium hydroxide (20 mmol), zinc powder (5 mmol), and water (10 mL), react for 20 hours, extract with dichloromethane (50 mL x 3), remove solvent, separate by silica gel chromatography column, and purify to obtain compound 29. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0420] [ka]

[0421] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 29, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.70 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H) 7.36 (s, 2H), 7.28 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.16-7.11 (m, 1H), 6.83 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 2.37 (s, 9H).

[0422] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 29 was calculated to be 37% using the following formula.

[0423] Yield = Moles of Compound 29 / Moles of Compound 26 × 100%

[0424] Step (2): Compound 29 (1 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF, 10 mL), and a solution of n-butyllithium in n-hexane (n-BuLi, 2.5 M, 0.5 mL) was added dropwise at -78 °C. After stirring for 2 hours, a solution of zinc chloride in tetrahydrofuran (1 M, 1.3 mL) was added, and after stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol) and compound 2 (1.1 mmol) were added. After heating at 75 °C for 12 hours, compound 30 was obtained by separation by silica gel chromatography column. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0425] [ka]

[0426] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 30, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.77 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.36-7.28 (m, 7H), 6.83 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 3.66-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.08-3.02 (m, 2H), 2.37 (s, 9H).

[0427] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 30 was calculated to be 57% using the following formula.

[0428] Yield = Moles of Compound 30 / Moles of Compound 29 × 100%

[0429] Step (3): Compound 30 (1 mmol) and triethyl phosphite (P(OEt)3, 10 mL) were blended and heated at 160°C for 20 hours under nitrogen gas protection. Triethyl phosphite was then removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was blended with tributylbromosilane (TMSBr, 0.72 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (5 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours under nitrogen gas protection, after which the solvent was removed. Methanol (5 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred for 12 hours. Deionized water (1 mL) was then added, and the solid powder was precipitated to obtain SAM9. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0430] [ka]

[0431] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound SAM9, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ 7.77 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.36-7.28 (m, 7H), 6.83 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.66-3.60 (m, 2H), 1.73-1.69 (m, 4H), 1.26-1.23 (m, 2H).

[0432] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product SAM9 was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of product SAM9 was calculated to be 58% using the following formula.

[0433] Yield = Moles of product SAM9 / Moles of compound 30 × 100%

[0434] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0435] Example 10 Example 10 is basically the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM10. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0436] Step (1): Compound 31 (1 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), and a solution of n-butyllithium in n-hexane (2.5 M, 0.5 mL) was added dropwise at -78 °C. After stirring for 2 hours, compound 32 (1.5 mmol) was added dropwise, and after stirring at room temperature for 12 hours, the mixture was poured into water (50 mL), extracted with dichloromethane (50 mL x 3), and the solid obtained after removing the solvent was recrystallized with ethanol to obtain SAM10. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0437] [ka]

[0438] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound SAM10, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ 7.94 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.81-7.75 (m, 4H), 7.48-7.33 (m, 8H), 7.18-7.12 (m, 4H), 4.22 (s, 2H).

[0439] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product SAM10 was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of product SAM10 was calculated to be 38% using the following formula.

[0440] Yield = Moles of product SAM10 / Moles of compound 31 × 100%

[0441] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0442] Example 11 Example 11 is essentially the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM11. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0443] Step (1): Compound 33 (1 mmol), Compound 10 (1.1 mmol), potassium acetate (KOAc, 2 mmol), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphin)ferrocenedichloropalladium (Pd(dppf)Cl2, 5% mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) were blended and heated at 85°C for 12 hours under nitrogen gas protection. The filtrate was then obtained through diatomaceous earth, and after removing the solvent, the crude product was blended with Compound 2 (1.2 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL). The mixture was heated at 110°C for 48 hours under nitrogen gas protection, and then separated by silica gel chromatography column to obtain Compound 34. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0444] [ka]

[0445] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 34, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ: 7.79 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.62 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.47-7.32 (m, 10H), 7.18-7.12 (m, 4H), 3.70-3.66 (m, 2H), 3.08-3.03 (m, 2H).

[0446] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 34 was calculated to be 58% using the following formula.

[0447] Yield = Moles of Compound 34 / Moles of Compound 33 × 100%

[0448] Step (2) Compound 34 (1 mmol) and triethyl phosphite (P(OEt)3, 10 mL) were blended and heated at 160°C for 20 hours under nitrogen gas protection. Triethyl phosphite was then removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was blended with tributylbromosilane (TMSBr, 0.72 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (5 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours under nitrogen gas protection, after which the solvent was removed. Methanol (5 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred for 12 hours. Deionized water (1 mL) was then added, and the solid powder was precipitated to obtain SAM11. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0449] [ka]

[0450] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on the product SAM11, and the test results are as follows. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.79 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.79 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.47-7.32 (m, 10H), 7.18-7.12 (m, 4H), 3.70-3.66 (m, 2H), 3.08-3.03 (m, 2H), 2.84-2.78 (m, 2H), 2.04-1.99 (m, 2H).

[0451] As can be seen from the results summarized above, the target product SAM11 was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of product SAM11 was calculated to be 39% using the following formula.

[0452] Yield = Moles of product SAM11 / Moles of compound 34 × 100%

[0453] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0454] Example 12 Example 12 is essentially the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM12. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0455] Step (1): Compound 35 (1 mmol), Compound 10 (1.1 mmol), potassium acetate (KOAc, 2 mmol), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphin)ferrocenedichloropalladium (5% mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) were blended and heated at 85°C for 12 hours under nitrogen gas protection. The filtrate was then obtained through diatomaceous earth, and after removing the solvent, the crude product was blended with Compound 11 (1.2 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate (2 M, 10 mL). The mixture was heated at 110°C for 48 hours under nitrogen gas protection, and then separated by silica gel chromatography to obtain Compound 36. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0456] [ka]

[0457] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0458] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 36, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.03-7.99(m, 6H),7.84-7.79(m, 4H),7.70(d,J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.61-7.57 (m, 4H), 7.48 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.40-7.34 (m, 3H), 7.16-7.10 (m, 1H).

[0459] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 36 was calculated to be 57% using the following formula.

[0460] Yield = Moles of Compound 36 / Moles of Compound 35 × 100%

[0461] Step (2): Compound 36 (1 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF, 10 mL), and a solution of n-butyllithium in n-hexane (n-BuLi, 2.5 M, 0.5 mL) was added dropwise at -78 °C. After stirring for 2 hours, a solution of zinc chloride in tetrahydrofuran (1 M, 1.3 mL) was added, and after stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol) and compound 2 (1.1 mmol) were added. After heating to 75 °C, compound 37 was obtained by separation by silica gel chromatography column. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0462] [ka]

[0463] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 37, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ 8.03-7.99 (m, 6H), 7.84-7.77 (m, 6H), 7.61-7.57 (m, 4H), 7.48 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.35-7.30 (m, 6H), 3.66-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.08-3.03 (m, 2H).

[0464] As can be seen from the results summarized above, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of product 37 was calculated to be 58% using the following formula.

[0465] Yield = Moles of product 37 / Moles of compound 36 × 100%

[0466] Step (3): Compound 37 (1 mmol) and triethyl phosphite (P(OEt)3, 10 mL) were blended and heated at 160°C for 20 hours under nitrogen gas protection. Triethyl phosphite was then removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was blended with tributylbromosilane (TMSBr, 0.72 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (5 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours under nitrogen gas protection, after which the solvent was removed. Methanol (5 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred for 12 hours. Deionized water (1 mL) was then added, and the solid powder was precipitated to obtain SAM12. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0467] [ka]

[0468] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound SAM12, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ 8.03-7.99 (m, 6H), 7.84-7.77 (m, 6H), 7.61-7.57 (m, 4H), 7.48 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.35-7.30 (m, 6H), 2.84-2.78 (m, 2H), 2.04-1.99 (m, 2H).

[0469] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product SAM12 was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of product SAM12 was calculated to be 46% using the following formula.

[0470] Yield = Moles of product SAM12 / Moles of compound 37 × 100%

[0471] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0472] Example 13 Example 13 is basically the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM13. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0473] Step (1): Compound 38 (1 mmol), Compound 10 (1.1 mmol), potassium acetate (KOAc, 2 mmol), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphin)ferrocenedichloropalladium (Pd(dppf)Cl2, 5% mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) were blended and heated at 85°C for 12 hours under nitrogen gas protection. The filtrate was then obtained through diatomaceous earth, and after removing the solvent, the crude product was blended with Compound 39 (1.2 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL). The mixture was heated at 110°C for 48 hours under nitrogen gas protection, and then separated by silica gel chromatography to obtain Compound 40. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0474] [ka]

[0475] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 40, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ 8.00 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.83-7.77 (m, 4H), 7.48-7.43(m,6H),7.34 (d,J=7.2Hz, 2H), 7.18-7.13 (m, 4H), 4.18-4.12 (m, 2H), 3.54-3.48 (m, 2H), 1.28-1.23 (m, 3H).

[0476] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 40 was calculated to be 67% using the following formula.

[0477] Yield = Moles of Compound 40 / Moles of Compound 38 × 100%

[0478] Step (2): Compound 40 (1 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), blended with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH, 2 M, 10 mL), heated at 75°C for 20 hours, then concentrated hydrochloric acid was added dropwise until the solution pH < 1, and the precipitate was collected to obtain SAM13. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0479] [ka]

[0480] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound SAM13, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ 13.82 (s, 1H), 8.00 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.83-7.77 (m, 4H), 7.48-7.43 (m, 6H), 7.34 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.18-7.13 (m, 4H), 3.54-3.48 (m, 2H).

[0481] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product SAM13 was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of product SAM13 was calculated to be 78% using the following formula.

[0482] Yield = Moles of product SAM13 / Moles of compound 40 × 100%

[0483] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0484] Example 14 Example 14 is essentially the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM14. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0485] Step (1): Compound 14 (1 mmol) was blended with compound 41 (1.1 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL). The mixture was heated at 110°C for 48 hours under nitrogen gas protection, and then separated by silica gel chromatography to obtain compound 42. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0486] [ka]

[0487] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 42, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.74 (s, 2H), 8.04 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.91 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.37 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.27-7.21 (m, 4H), 7.09-7.05 (m, 6H).

[0488] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 42 was calculated to be 53% using the following formula.

[0489] Yield = Moles of Compound 42 / Moles of Compound 14 × 100%

[0490] Step (2): Compound 42 (1 mmol), Compound 10 (1.1 mmol), potassium acetate (KOAc, 2 mmol), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphin)ferrocenedichloropalladium (5% mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) were blended and heated at 85°C for 12 hours under nitrogen gas protection. The filtrate was then obtained through diatomaceous earth, and after removing the solvent, the crude product was blended with Compound 43 (1.2 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL). The mixture was heated at 110°C for 48 hours under nitrogen gas protection, and then separated by silica gel chromatography to obtain Compound 44. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0491] [ka]

[0492] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 44, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.76 (s, 2H), 8.23 ​​(d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.57 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.39-7.36 (m, 4H), 7.28-7.24 (m, 6H), 7.09-7.04 (m, 6H), 4.04-3.99 (m, 2H), 2.65-2.62 (m, 2H), 2.33-2.31 (m, 2H), 1.83-1.80 (m, 2H), 1.09-1.04 (m, 3H).

[0493] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 44 was calculated to be 47% using the following formula.

[0494] Yield = Moles of Compound 44 / Moles of Compound 42 × 100%

[0495] Step (3): Compound 44 (1 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), blended with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH, 2 M, 10 mL), heated at 75°C for 20 hours, then concentrated hydrochloric acid was added dropwise until the solution pH < 1, and the precipitate was collected to obtain SAM14. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0496] [ka]

[0497] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on SAM14, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.01 (s, 1H), 8.76 (s, 2H), 8.23 ​​(d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.57 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.39-7.36 (m, 4H), 7.28-7.24 (m, 6H), 7.09-7.04 (m, 6H), 2.65-2.62 (m, 2H), 2.33-2.29 (m, 2H), 1.73-1.69 (m, 2H).

[0498] As can be seen from the results summarized above, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of SAM14 was calculated to be 47% using the following formula.

[0499] Yield = Moles of SAM14 / Moles of Compound 44 × 100%

[0500] Example 15 Example 15 is essentially the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM15. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0501] Step (1): Referring to Step (1) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, compound 1 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 45, and compound 2 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 8 to obtain compound 46 after the reaction. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0502] [ka]

[0503] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 46, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.53 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.92 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.68 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.62 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.36-7.32 (m, 2H), 7.18-7.14 (m, 2H).

[0504] As can be seen from the results summarized above, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 46 was calculated to be 87% using the following formula.

[0505] Yield = Moles of Compound 46 / Moles of Compound 45 × 100%

[0506] Step (2): Compound 46 (1 mmol), Compound 10 (1.1 mmol), potassium acetate (KOAc, 2 mmol), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphin)ferrocenedichloropalladium (5% mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) were blended and heated at 85°C for 12 hours under nitrogen gas protection. The filtrate was then obtained through diatomaceous earth, and after removing the solvent, the crude product was blended with Compound 47 (1.2 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL). The mixture was heated at 110°C for 48 hours under nitrogen gas protection, and then separated by silica gel chromatography column to obtain Compound 48. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0507] [ka]

[0508] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 48, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.36-8.31 (m, 4H), 8.23-8.17 (m, 2H), 7.94-7.88 (m, 6H), 7.46-7.42 (m, 6H), 7.20-7.16 (m, 2H).

[0509] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 48 was calculated to be 63% using the following formula.

[0510] Yield = Moles of Compound 48 / Moles of Compound 46 × 100%

[0511] Step (3): Compound 48 (1 mmol), Compound 10 (1.1 mmol), potassium acetate (KOAc, 2 mmol), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphin)ferrocenedichloropalladium (5% mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) were blended and heated at 85°C for 12 hours under nitrogen gas protection. The filtrate was then obtained through diatomaceous earth, and after removing the solvent, the crude product was blended with Compound 49 (1.2 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate (2 M, 10 mL). The mixture was heated at 110°C for 48 hours under nitrogen gas protection, and then separated by silica gel chromatography column to obtain Compound 50. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0512] [ka]

[0513] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 50, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.36-8.31 (m, 4H), 8.23-8.17 (m, 2H), 8.02 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.94-7.88 (m, 6H), 7.75 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.46-7.42 (m, 6H), 7.20-7.16 (m, 2H), 4.32-4.28 (m, 2H), 1.33-1.30 (m, 3H).

[0514] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 50 was calculated to be 71% using the following formula.

[0515] Yield = Moles of Compound 50 / Moles of Compound 48 × 100%

[0516] Step (4): Compound 50 (1 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), blended with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH, 2 M, 10 mL), heated at 75°C for 20 hours, then concentrated hydrochloric acid was added dropwise until the solution reached pH < 1, and the precipitate was collected to obtain SAM15. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0517] [ka]

[0518] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on SAM15, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.01 (s, 1H), 8.36-8.31 (m, 4H), 8.23-8.17 (m, 2H), 8.02 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.94-7.88 (m, 6H), 7.75 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.46-7.42 (m, 6H), 7.20-7.16 (m, 2H).

[0519] As can be seen from the results summarized above, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of SAM15 was calculated to be 77% using the following formula.

[0520] Yield = Moles of SAM15 / Moles of Compound 50 × 100%

[0521] Example 16 Example 16 is essentially the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM16. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0522] Step (1): Compound 51 (1 mmol) was blended with compound 52 (1.1 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL). The mixture was heated at 110°C for 48 hours under nitrogen gas protection, and then separated by silica gel chromatography to obtain compound 53. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0523] [ka]

[0524] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 53, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.77 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.71 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.45-7.39(m, 8H), 7.37 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.30 (s, 2H), 7.11-7.03 (m, 4H).

[0525] As can be seen from the results summarized above, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 53 was calculated to be 53% using the following formula.

[0526] Yield = Moles of Compound 53 / Moles of Compound 51 × 100%

[0527] Step (2): Compound 53 (1 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF, 10 mL), and a solution of n-butyllithium in n-hexane (n-BuLi, 2.5 M, 0.5 mL) was added dropwise at -78 °C. After stirring for 2 hours, a solution of zinc chloride in tetrahydrofuran (1 M, 1.3 mL) was added, and after stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol) and compound 2 (1.1 mmol) were added. After heating at 75 °C for 12 hours, compound 54 was obtained by separation by silica gel chromatography column. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0528] [ka]

[0529] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 54, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.77 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 4H), 7.71 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.45-7.39 (m, 8H), 7.37 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.30 (s, 2H), 7.11-7.03 (m, 4H), 3.65-3.61 (m, 2H), 3.07-3.03 (m, 2H).

[0530] As can be seen from the summary of the above results, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 54 was calculated to be 47% using the following formula.

[0531] Yield = Moles of Compound 54 / Moles of Compound 53 × 100%

[0532] Step (3): Compound 54 (1 mmol) and triethyl phosphite (P(OEt)3, 10 mL) were blended and heated at 160°C for 20 hours under nitrogen gas protection. Triethyl phosphite was then removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was blended with tributylbromosilane (TMSBr, 0.72 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (5 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours under nitrogen gas protection, after which the solvent was removed. Methanol (5 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred for 12 hours. Deionized water (1 mL) was then added, and the solid powder was precipitated to obtain SAM16. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0533] [ka]

[0534] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on SAM16, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.77 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 4H), 7.71 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.45-7.39 (m, 8H), 7.37 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.30 (s, 2H), 7.11-7.03 (m, 4H), 2.45-2.42 (m, 2H), 1.64-1.60 (m, 2H).

[0535] As can be seen from the results summarized above, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of SAM16 was calculated to be 47% using the following formula.

[0536] Yield = Moles of SAM16 / Moles of Compound 54 × 100%

[0537] Example 17 Example 17 is essentially the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM17. The specific manufacturing method is as follows.

[0538] Step (1): Referring to Step (1) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, compound 1 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 55, and compound 2 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 56 to obtain compound 57 after the reaction. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0539] [ka]

[0540] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on compound 57, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.55 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.99-7.94 (m, 6H), 7.61-7.53 (m, 4H), 6.67-6.61 (m, 1H), 4.03-3.99 (m, 2H), 2.65-2.61 (m, 2H), 2.36-2.32 (m, 2H), 1.64-1.59 (m, 4H) 1.10-1.04 (m, 3H).

[0541] As can be seen from the results summarized above, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of compound 57 was calculated to be 36% using the following formula.

[0542] Yield = Moles of Compound 57 / Moles of Compound 55 × 100%

[0543] Step (2): Compound 57 (1 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), blended with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH, 2 M, 10 mL), heated at 75°C for 20 hours, then concentrated hydrochloric acid was added dropwise until the solution pH < 1, and the precipitate was collected to obtain SAM17. The synthesis route is as follows.

[0544] [ka]

[0545] Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on SAM17, and the results are shown below. 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 11.87 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.99-7.94 (m, 6H), 7.61-7.53 (m, 4H), 6.67-6.61 (m, 1H), 2.65-2.61 (m, 2H), 2.26-2.23 (m, 2H), 1.64-1.59 (m, 4H).

[0546] As can be seen from the results summarized above, the target product was successfully obtained by the above manufacturing steps, and the yield of SAM17 was calculated to be 77% using the following formula.

[0547] Yield = Moles of SAM17 / Moles of Compound 57 × 100%

[0548] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 is essentially the same as Example 1, the only difference being that a passivation layer was not included in the solar cell manufacturing process.

[0549] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0550] Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM18. The specific structure is as shown below.

[0551] [ka]

[0552] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0553] Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 3 is basically the same as Example 1, the only difference being that compound SAM1, which is the material used to manufacture the passivation layer, has been replaced with compound SAM19. The specific structure is as shown below.

[0554] [ka]

[0555] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0556] The relevant physical parameters and test results for each example and comparative example are shown in Table 1.

[0557] [Table 1] Note: " / " indicates that this structure or substance does not exist.

[0558] As can be seen by analyzing the experimental results in Table 1 above and comparing Examples 1-17 with Comparative Examples 1-3, using the organic compound of this application to produce a passivation layer and using it in the manufacture of a solar cell improved the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0559] Example 18 The manufacturing process for solar cells involves the following specific steps.

[0560] 1. Cleaning of FTO conductive glass: 0.35 cm was removed from both ends of a 2.0 cm x 2.0 cm FTO conductive glass by laser etching to expose the glass substrate. Deionized water, acetone, and isopropyl alcohol were added, and ultrasonic cleaning was performed sequentially for 10 minutes. After cleaning, the FTO conductive glass was dried under a nitrogen gas gun to remove the solvent, and then subjected to ultraviolet ozone cleaning in an ultraviolet ozone machine to create the first electrode.

[0561] 2. Preparation of the hole transport layer: The above compound SAM1 was dissolved in methanol to obtain a self-assembling molecular solution (1 mg / mL) after dissolution. The self-assembling molecular solution was spin-coated onto the surface of the first electrode at a speed of 3000 rpm, annealed to form a self-assembling molecular layer, and a hole transport layer with a thickness of 5 nm was obtained.

[0562] 3. Preparation of the perovskite layer: Lead iodide (726 mg), formamidine iodide (240 mg), cesium iodide (19 mg), and lead bromide (11 mg) were weighed and dissolved in 1 mL of a 4:1 volume ratio DMF:DMSO mixed solvent. The mixture was stirred for 3 hours and filtered through a 0.22 μm organic filtration membrane to obtain a perovskite precursor solution. The perovskite precursor solution was spin-coated onto the surface of the hole transport layer at a speed of 3000 rpm, annealed at 100°C for 30 minutes, and cooled to room temperature to form a perovskite layer with a CsFA-based active material and a thickness of 800 nm.

[0563] 4. Manufacturing of the electron transport layer: The electron transport material PC is applied to the surface of the perovskite layer at a speed of 1500 rpm. 61 BM was spin-coated to form an electron transport layer with a thickness of 35 nm. Then, a hole-blocking material BCP (2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) was spin-coated at 5000 rpm, and the material was annealed at 100°C for 10 minutes to form a 15 nm thick blocking layer.

[0564] 5. Fabrication of the second electrode: The device obtained in step 4 was placed in a deposition mask, and 80 nm of silver was deposited on the surface of the hole blocking layer in a vacuum deposition apparatus to form the second electrode and obtain a complete perovskite solar cell 20.

[0565] The specific structure of the perovskite solar cell 20, as shown in Figure 1, includes a first electrode 21, a hole transport layer 22, a perovskite layer 23, an electron transport layer 24, a hole blocking layer 25, and a second electrode 26, all stacked in order.

[0566] 6. Performance Test: Refer to step 7 in step 2 of Example 1. The specific results are shown in Table 2.

[0567] Examples 19-34 Examples 19-34 are essentially the same as Example 18, the only difference being that compound SAM1, the material used to manufacture the hole transport layer, was replaced with compounds SAM2-SAM17 in order.

[0568] Comparative Examples 4-5 Comparative Examples 4 and 5 are essentially the same as Example 18, the only difference being that compound SAM1, the material used to manufacture the hole transport layer, was replaced with compounds SAM18 to SAM19 in order.

[0569] The test steps were the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 2.

[0570] The test results for Examples 18-34 and Comparative Examples 4-5 are shown in Table 2.

[0571] [Table 2]

[0572] Analysis of the experimental results in Table 2 above revealed that using the organic compound of this application and its oxo salt as hole transport materials in the manufacture of solar cells also improved the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cells.

[0573] Example 35 Example 35 is essentially the same as Comparative Example 2, the only difference being the method for manufacturing the passivation layer in step 3, as shown below.

[0574] The above compound SAM1 was used as a doping material and mixed with SAM18 in a mass ratio of 1:1. The mixture was dissolved in methanol, and after dissolution, a self-assembling molecular solution (total concentration 1 mg / mL) was obtained. The self-assembling molecular solution was spin-coated onto the surface of the hole transport layer at a speed of 3000 rpm, and annealed to form a self-assembling molecular layer, obtaining a passivation layer with a thickness of 5 nm.

[0575] The test steps were the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 3.

[0576] Example 36 Example 36 is essentially the same as Comparative Example 4, the only difference being the method for manufacturing the hole transport layer in Step 2, as shown below.

[0577] The above compound SAM1 was used as a doping material and mixed with SAM18 in a mass ratio of 1:1. The mixture was dissolved in methanol, and after dissolution, a self-assembling molecular solution (total concentration of 1 mg / mL) was obtained. The self-assembling molecular solution was spin-coated onto the surface of the first electrode at a speed of 3000 rpm, annealed to form a self-assembling molecular layer, and a hole transport layer with a thickness of 5 nm was obtained.

[0578] The test steps were the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 3.

[0579] Example 37 Example 37 is essentially the same as Example 19, the only difference being that step 2 is omitted, SAM2 is added to the perovskite precursor solution in step 3, and the concentration is 1 mg / mL.

[0580] The test steps were the same as in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 3.

[0581] The test results for Examples 35-37 are shown in Table 3.

[0582] [Table 3]

[0583] Analysis of the experimental results in Table 3 above shows that using the organic compound of this application and its oxo salt as doping materials for the passivation layer, hole transport layer, and perovskite layer also improved the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0584] As described above, the technical features of the embodiments can be combined in any way, and for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are described. However, as long as there is no inconsistency in these combinations of technical features, they should be considered to fall within the scope of this specification.

[0585] The embodiments described above represent only a number of embodiments of this application, and although their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art can make some modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent application should be in accordance with the attached claims, and the specification and drawings may be used to interpret the content of the claims. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0586] 10 Perovskite solar cell, 11 First electrode, 12 Hole transport layer, 13 Passivation layer, 14 Perovskite layer, 15 Electron transport layer, 16 Hole blocking layer, 17 Second electrode, 20 Perovskite solar cell, 21 First electrode, 22 Hole transport layer, 23 Perovskite layer, 24 Electron transport layer, 25 Hole blocking layer, 26 Second electrode.

Claims

1. The organic compound shown in formula (1), 【Chemistry 1】 Here, Ar is selected from one of the following: an aromatic group having 6 to 50 substituted or unsubstituted ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 50 substituted or unsubstituted ring-forming atoms, a group shown in formula (A), and a group shown in formula (B). 【Chemistry 2】 Ar' is selected from either a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group with 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group with 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms. Ar １ ~Ar ６ Each is independently selected from H, a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted olefin group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, and Ar １ ~Ar ３ At least one of these is selected from substituted or unsubstituted aromatic groups with 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, and Ar ４ ~Ar ６ At least one of these is selected from substituted or unsubstituted aromatic groups having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms. L is selected from paraffin subunits having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. R １ is an oxoacid group, n １ is selected from any one integer of 1 to 3, m １ is selected from any one integer of 1 to 10, Alternatively, the organic compound is an oxo salt of the compound shown in formula (1).

2. Each time Ar' appears, one or any combination of the following bases Ar'1 to Ar'7 is independently selected. 【Transformation 3】 Here, Y ａ ~Y ｆ Each of these independently corresponds to -C(R ２ R ３ )-,-N(R ４ )-, -O-, -Si(R ６ R ７ )-,-P(R ８ )-, -S-, -As-, -Se-, -C(=O)-, -C(=S)-, -C(=NR ９ )-,-C(=CR １０ ) - Choose one of the following, Z １ ~Z ７ Each time it appears, C(R) is determined independently. １１ ) or N is selected, R ２ ~R １１ These are, independently, H, a halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl group, a C1-C5 alkoxy group, an aromatic group with 6-10 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group with 5-10 ring-forming atoms, and -OC(=O)R. １２ , -NHC(=O)R １３ , -N(R １４ ) ２ , -L １ N ＋ (R １５ ) ３ X １ － , -L ２ P ＋ (R １６ ) ３ X ２ － Selected from, L １ and L ２ Each is independently selected from either a single bond or an alkane subunit having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R １２ ~R １６ Each is independently selected from H or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and R １２ ~R １３ It is X, not H. １ － and X ２ － Each is independently selected from halogen ions, * indicates the organic compound according to claim 1, which represents a linking site.

3. Ar' is, (1) Y ａ ~Y ｆ However, each independently of -C(R ２ R ３ )-,-N(R ４ )-, -O-, -Si(R ６ R ７ )-,-P(R ８ ) - and -S - are to be selected, (2) R ２ ~R １０ However, each is independently selected from one of the following: H, a halogen group, a C1-C5 alkyl group, a halogen-substituted C1-C5 alkyl group, or a C1-C5 alkoxy group. (3) Caution １１ The organic compound according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the following conditions is met: H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

4. Each time Ar' appears, one or more combinations of the following bases are independently selected: 【Chemistry 4】 * indicates the linking site, representing the organic compound according to claim 2.

5. Ar is selected from one of the groups formed after removing one hydrogen atom from the structures shown in formulas (A) to (G). 【Transformation 5】 Here, X １ ~X ６ Each is independently a single bond, C(R ２４ R ２５ ), O, S, N, NR ２６ , selected from either C=O or S=O, and X １ and X ２ It is not a single bond at the same time, X ３ and X ４ It is not a single bond at the same time, X ５ and X ６ It is not a simple combination at the same time, and y is selected from any integer between 1 and 3, and if y ≥ 2, X １ All of these are C(R ２４ R ２５ ) are selected from, Y １ Each time they appear, CR is independently generated. ２７ Or selected from N, Y ２ ~Y ６ Each of them independently controls C(R) ２８ R ２９ ), O, S, N, NR ３０ , either C=O or S=O is selected, R １７ ~R ３０ Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. ３１ ) ２ , -CONR ３２ , -OCOR ３３ , selected from any one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms. R ３１ to R ３３ are, at each occurrence, each independently selected from any one of H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted olefin group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms, and R ３２ and R ３３ are not H or D, Ar ７ and Ar ８ Each is independently selected from one of the following: H, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group with 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group with 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms. m ２ , m ３ and m ５ are each independently selected from any one integer of 1 to 4, m ４ , m ６ and m ７ are each independently selected from any one integer of 1 to 6, m ８ and m ９ are each independently selected from any one integer of 1 to 2, the organic compound according to claim 1.

6. In equation (C), X １ It is a single bond, X ２ NR ２６ If selected from, at least one R １７ or at least one R １８ The organic compound according to claim 5, wherein H is not present.

7. Ar ７ and Ar ８ Each is independently selected from H or one of the following structures: 【Transformation 6】 Here, Y ７ ~Y ９ Each of them is independently CR ３４ R ３５ One of the following is selected: O, S, S=O, C=O. Each Z ８ ~Z １４ Each time they appear, CR is independently generated. ３６ Or selected from N, and Z in the same structural formula ８ ~Z １４ It is not that it is N at the same time, R ３４ ~R ３６ The organic compound according to claim 5, wherein each instance is independently selected from H, D, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 20 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms.

8. Ar is selected from one of the following bases: 【Transformation 7】 【Transformation 8】 【Chemistry 9】 Here, R ３７ ~R ６５ Each time it appears, H, a halogen group, and -N(R) appear independently. ６６ ) ２ , -CONR ６７ , -OCOR ６８ R is selected from any one of the following: a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms. ６６～ R ６８ Each of these is independently selected from one of the following: an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms. I understand １０ ~m １１ , m １４ , m １９ ~m ２０ and m ２３ Each of these is independently selected from one integer between 1 and 5, and m １３ , m １６ ~m １７ , m ２２ , m ２５ ~m ２６ Each of these is independently selected from one integer between 1 and 6, and m １２ , m １５ , m １８ , m ２１ , m ２４ , m ２７ ~m ２９ , m ３２ ~m ３３ , n ２ Each of these is independently selected from one integer between 1 and 4, and m ３０ ~m ３１ , m ３４ ~m ３５ The organic compound according to claim 5, wherein each is independently selected from one integer between 1 and 2.

9. The aforementioned organic compound, (1) R １７ ~R ３０ , R ３７ ~R ６５ However, each time it appears, one of the following is independently selected: H, a halogen group, an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms. (2) R ３１ ~R ３３ The organic compound according to claim 8, wherein each instance of appearance is independently selected from one of the following: H, D, an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen.

10. R １７ ~R ３０ , R ３７ ~R ６５ The organic compound according to claim 8, wherein each instance is independently selected from one of the following: H, a halogen group, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms.

11. R １７ ~R ３０ , R ３７ ~R ６５ The organic compound according to claim 8, wherein each instance is independently selected from one of the following: H, a halogen group, a paraffin group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a halogen-substituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 1 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

12. R ３１ ~R ３３ The organic compound according to claim 8, wherein each instance is independently selected from H, D, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a paraffin group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with a halogen.

13. R １ The organic compound according to claim 1, wherein each instance of the group is independently selected from one of the following: a phosphonic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a carboxylic acid group, a sulfinic acid group, a boric acid group, or a silicate group.

14. R １ Each time it appears, it is independently selected from one of the following structures: 【Chemistry 10】 * indicates the organic compound according to claim 1, which represents a linking site.

15. The oxo salt of the compound shown in formula (1) comprises an anion and a cation, wherein the anion is formed by the loss of H from at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group among the oxo acid groups of the compound shown in formula (1), and the cation is a metal ion or NH ４ ＋ An organic compound according to claim 1, selected from the following.

16. The organic compound according to claim 1, wherein the organic compound comprises at least one of the compounds shown in formulas (SAM1) to (SAM17) and the oxo salts of the compounds shown in formulas (SAM1) to (SAM17). 【Chemistry 11】 【Chemistry 12】 【Chemistry 13】

17. Application of the organic compound described in claim 1 as a passivation material or a hole transport material.

18. A solar cell comprising the organic compound described in claim 1.

19. The aforementioned solar cell is (1) The solar cell includes a perovskite layer, and the perovskite layer includes the organic compound, (2) The solar cell comprises a perovskite layer and a hole transport layer arranged in a stack, and at least one of the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer contains the organic compound. (3) The solar cell according to claim 18, wherein the solar cell includes a perovskite layer and a hole transport layer arranged in a stack, and a passivation layer provided on at least one surface of the hole transport layer, and at least one of the perovskite layer, the hole transport layer, and the passivation layer contains the organic compound.

20. The solar cell according to claim 19, wherein a passivation layer is installed between the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer.

21. The aforementioned solar cell is (1) The passivation layer contains the organic compound, and the mass ratio of the organic compound in the passivation layer is K1, where 0 < K1 ≤ 100%. (2) The hole transport layer contains the organic compound, and the mass ratio of the organic compound in the hole transport layer is K2, where 0 < K2 ≤ 100%. (3) The solar cell according to claim 19, wherein the perovskite layer contains the organic compound, and the mass ratio of the organic compound in the perovskite layer is K3, and 0.01% < K3 ≤ 0.5%.

22. A photovoltaic assembly comprising the solar cell described in claim 18.

23. A photovoltaic system comprising the photovoltaic assembly described in claim 22.

24. A power consumption device comprising at least one of the solar cell described in claim 18 and the photovoltaic assembly described in claim 22.

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