System and method for ventless gas chromatography-mass spectrometry interface

Abstract

Systems and methods for ventless GC-MS interfaces are described herein. The system may include a gas chromatograph. The system may include a mass spectrometer connected to the gas chromatograph by a mass spectrometer flow path. The system may include a fitting. The fitting may include a sealing surface and one or more gas purge flow paths. The fitting may be fluidly connected to the mass spectrometer. The system may include a column disposed within a ferrule.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit and priority of U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 369,773 filed on September 18, 2023, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present application relates generally to mass spectrometry, including mass spectrometry coupled with gas chromatography.

BACKGROUND ART

[0003] A mass spectrometry (MS) system typically includes an ion source for ionizing the components (particularly molecules) of a sample under investigation, followed by one or more ion processing devices that provide various functions, followed by a mass analyzer for separating ions based on their different mass-to-charge ratios (or m / z ratios, or more simply "mass"), followed by an ion detector at which mass-selected ions arrive and are detected (e.g., counted). The MS system further includes electronics for processing output signals from the ion detector to optionally generate user-interpretable data in forms such as chromatograms or mass spectra, which typically represent the relative abundance of detected ions (e.g., ion signal intensity such as the number of total ions for each detected ion) as a series of peaks shown as a function of their m / z ratio. Mass spectra (e.g., MS spectra, MS fragment spectra) may be utilized to determine the molecular structures of the components of a sample, thereby enabling qualitative and quantitative characterization of the sample, including the identification and abundance of the sample's compounds (and in some cases further, the isotopologues and / or isotopomers of each compound found by the analysis).

[0004] Mass spectrometry techniques may be enhanced by combining them with other analytical separation techniques performed prior to the MS analysis stage, thereby serving as the first stage of analytical separation. Examples include chromatographic techniques such as liquid chromatography (LC) or gas chromatography (GC). Gas chromatography (GC) is used to analyze and detect the presence of many different substances in a sample. The function of gas chromatography is to separate the components of a chemical sample known as the spectrometry and to detect the specific properties and / or concentrations of those components. Separation is often achieved using a capillary GC column. In some cases, this column is essentially a section of a fused silica tube with a stationary phase coating on its inner surface, which interacts with the sample to separate the components. A pressurized gas known as the mobile phase is used to propel the sample through the column. The GC column can remain isothermal throughout the analysis or be temperature-graded. [Overview of the project]

[0005] Maintaining the flow path of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system may require releasing the vacuum from the MS system. This process is very time-consuming and may require further time for the system to return to a state where it can perform analysis. If the system is not properly released from vacuum, damage may occur to the system's components. The solutions described herein can provide a GC-MS interface that eliminates the need to release the vacuum from the MS system when maintaining certain GC flow path components.

[0006] At least one aspect of this disclosure relates to a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system. The system may include a gas chromatograph. The system may include a mass spectrometer connected to the gas chromatograph by a mass spectrometer flow path. The system may include a fitting. The fitting may include a sealing surface and one or more gas purge flow paths. The fitting may be fluidly connected to the mass spectrometer. The system may include a column disposed within a ferrule. One or more gas purge flow paths may be connected to the fitting upstream of the sealing surface. When the column is fluidly connected to the mass spectrometer flow path and there is a fluid seal between the ferrule, the column, and the fitting, one or more gas purge flow paths are not in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path. When there is no fluid seal between the ferrule, the column, and the fitting, one or more gas purge flow paths are in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path.

[0007] Another aspect of this disclosure relates to a method. The method may include providing a mass spectrometer flow path. The method may include arranging an upstream and adjacent sealing surface to the mass spectrometer flow path. The method may include arranging one or more gas purge flow paths upstream of the sealing surface. In a first state, the method may include uncoupling the sealing surface from a ferrule to bring one or more gas purge flow paths into fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path. The ferrule may be configured to be coupled to a column. In a first state, the method may include flowing a purge gas through one or more gas purge flow paths. In a second state, the method may include coupling the sealing surface to a ferrule to (1) eliminate fluid communication between one or more gas purge flow paths and the mass spectrometer flow path, and (2) bring the column into fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path. In a second state, the method may include stopping the flow of purge gas through one or more gas purge flow paths. In a second state, the method may include flowing a sample through the column.

[0008] Those skilled in the art will understand that the outline of the invention is illustrative only and not intended to be limiting in any way. Other aspects of the devices and / or processes described herein, features of the invention, and advantages, as merely defined by the claims, will become apparent in the detailed description expressed herein and to be understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0009] Details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described herein are shown in the accompanying drawings and the following description. Other features, embodiments, and advantages of the subject matter will become apparent from this description, drawings, and claims. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0010] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system according to an embodiment. [Figure 2]This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system according to an embodiment. [Figure 3] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system according to an embodiment. [Figure 4] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system according to an embodiment. [Figure 5] This is a cross-sectional view of a schematic diagram of a computer-assisted fluid dynamics simulation of a portion of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system according to an embodiment. [Figure 6] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system according to an embodiment. [Figure 7] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system according to an embodiment. [Figure 8] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system according to an embodiment. [Figure 9] This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for providing a ventless gas chromatography-mass spectrometry interface according to an embodiment. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0011] Similar reference numbers and symbols in various drawings indicate the same elements.

[0012] The following is a more detailed description of various concepts related to methods, apparatus, and systems for ventless GC-MS interfaces, as well as implementation forms of these methods, apparatus, and systems. The various concepts introduced above and discussed in more detail below may be implemented in several ways, as the described concepts are not limited to any particular form of implementation. Examples of specific implementation forms and applications are provided primarily for illustrative purposes.

[0013] During operation of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system, the mass spectrometer may be under vacuum. If the system undergoes maintenance, such as inspection including the flow path, changing the inlet septum and / or liner, or trimming and / or changing the column, the system may need to be cooled and de-vacuumed, which can take several hours (e.g., 2 hours). Then, returning the mass spectrometer chamber to vacuum pressure (e.g., pump-down) can take several hours (e.g., 8-24 hours). Opening the vacuum chamber may introduce new leaks, which must be found and removed after the pump-down. Furthermore, opening the vacuum chamber may introduce contaminants as the chamber fills with air. The de-vacuuming and pump-down processes can be too time-consuming and costly.

[0014] This disclosure relates to systems and methods for ventless GC-MS interfaces. Ventless GC-MS interfaces can improve GC-MS system performance (e.g., no additional gas, higher sensitivity), ease of use (e.g., automated operation, ease of installation and use), and sustainability (e.g., compatibility with various gases such as nitrogen, helium, or hydrogen, and reduced total gas consumption).

[0015] The disclosed solution has the technical advantage of providing a ventless GC-MS interface that does not degrade GC-MS system performance. The solution can enable users to quickly inspect and restore GC-MS systems, improve ease of use for easy installation and operation, eliminate user errors through fully automated control, use gases other than helium and / or reduce the total gas consumption and costs of the laboratory. The solution improves MS sensitivity by protecting highly sensitive instrument components from oxidative damage, improving ion source performance, enabling optimal ion source flow, facilitating installation and removal from instruments, achieving leak-free ferrule connections, being retrofittable without modification to existing methods, enabling fully automated control and feedback via onboard maintenance procedures, eliminating the need for gas consumption during normal operation when analysis is running, reducing total annual gas consumption for all users, and / or supporting inexpensive and sustainable nitrogen gas in addition to helium. The solution can maintain vacuum in the vacuum chamber. A solution is to allow a purge flow that is not fluid-connected to the mass spectrometer when the column is connected, thereby turning off the purge flow when the analysis is in progress and preventing further flow from being supplied to the mass spectrometer. Further flow may be unnecessary as it strongly affects the analysis.

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system 100. The GC-MS system 100 can include a typical GC-MS system. The GC-MS system 100 can include a gas chromatograph 135 (GC).

[0017] The gas chromatograph 135 may include one or more injection ports 105 (e.g., an inlet, a sample inlet). The injection ports 105 can receive a sample to be injected into the gas chromatograph 135 for analysis. For example, a sample may be injected into the injection port 105, where, if it is not yet in a gaseous state, it is vaporized into a gaseous state for analysis by the gas chromatograph 135.

[0018] The gas chromatograph 135 may include one or more pressurized gas sources 110 (e.g., pressurized gas supply, gas source, gas supply, supply gas). The pressurized gas source 110 may include a tank. The pressurized gas source 110 (e.g., carrier gas supply, carrier gas source, carrier gas) may be fluidically coupled (e.g., fluid) to the injection port 105 (e.g., fluidically connected to the injection port 105). The pressurized gas source 110 may supply a carrier gas, not limited to helium, hydrogen, nitrogen, argon / methane mixture, or other such inert gases, to transport the sample injected from the injection port 105 through the gas chromatograph 135. The pressurized gas source 110 may include a supply source for pressurized gas. The pressurized gas source 110 may be a gas distribution system for pressurized gas. Pressurized gas may be found in the laboratory. The pressurized gas source 110 may include multiple gases. The pressurized gas source 110 can be coupled to the gas chromatograph 135 via a distribution panel.

[0019] The gas chromatograph 135 may include one or more electronic pneumatic control (EPC) modules 140 (e.g., flow control modules). The electronic pneumatic control module 140 may be coupled to (e.g., connected to) the pressurized gas source 110. The electronic pneumatic control module 140 may be fluid-coupled to the injection port 105. For example, the injection port 105 may be attached to the electronic pneumatic control module 140. The electronic pneumatic control module 140 can control the flow and / or pressure of the injection port 105. The carrier gas may reach the first electronic pneumatic control module before reaching the injection port 105. Each inlet may have its own electronic pneumatic control module 140. Each electronic pneumatic control module 140 may be coupled to the same gas supply or different gas supplies.

[0020] The gas chromatograph 135 can include one or more columns 115 (e.g., tubes, restrictors, separation columns). The column 115 can be fluidly coupled to the injection port 105. The column 115 can be selected from a wide variety of columns utilized to achieve separation of sample components by gas chromatography. A gas chromatograph 135 configured for backflushing, detector splitting, or other pneumatic switching can include a plurality of columns 115. A carrier gas can convey the sample from the injection port 105 to the column 115 for separation. The column 115 can separate components of the gaseous sample to produce one or more analytes for analysis by the gas chromatograph 135. The column 115 can include a capillary column and / or may include a fused silica tube with a coating (e.g., a stationary phase coating) on the inner portion of the tube, and the coating interacts with the sample injected into the injection port 105 to separate the components of the sample. The column 115 may be made of metal. The dimensions of the column 115 can include an inner diameter range from 50 μm (microns) to 530 μm, and a length range of up to 200 meters. The injection port 105 can supply the sample to the column 115 for separation. The column 115 can be a separation column, or a column that functions as a restrictor fluidly connected to the separation column.

[0021] The gas chromatograph 135 can include one or more column heaters 125. The column heater 125 can include a furnace, a convection heater, a conduction heater, an air bath, or other such heating device for heating certain specific components of the gas chromatograph 135. The column heater 125 can heat or cool the column 115 and other flow path components to a desired temperature. The column heater 125 can be configured to heat the column 115 such that the column 115 remains isothermal during sample analysis.

[0022] The gas chromatograph 135 can include one or more controllers 130. The controller 130 may be communicatively connected, directly or indirectly, to the column heater 125, the injection port 105, one or more sensors, and / or other components of the gas chromatograph 135. The controller 130 may be electrically coupled to the gas chromatograph 135. The controller 130 may be an on-board computing component physically incorporated into the housing of the gas chromatograph 135 that encloses the column 115, the column heater 125, and other components of the gas chromatograph 135. The controller 130 may be one or more separate computing devices and / or other such control devices that are internal and / or external to the housing of the gas chromatograph 135. The controller 130 or a portion of the controller 130 may be located inside the gas chromatograph 135. For example, the controller 130 or a portion of the controller 130 may be disposed within the gas chromatograph 135. The controller 130 may be divided between a plurality of positions. The controller 130 may be disposed outside the gas chromatograph 135.

[0023] The controller 130 may include one or more processors such as, but not limited to, a single-core processor, a multi-core processor, a logic device, or other such data processing circuitry configured to execute, analyze, and process data and information of the gas chromatograph 135. The controller 130 may include a non-transitory memory device communicatively connected to the processor. The memory device may be configured as a volatile memory device (e.g., SRAM and DRAM), a non-volatile memory device (e.g., flash memory, ROM, and hard disk drive), or any combination thereof. The memory device may store executable code and other such information generated and / or processed by the processor during operation of the gas chromatograph 135.

[0024] The gas chromatograph 135 may include one or more input / output devices communicatively connected to the controller 130. The input / output devices may allow the operator and / or user to receive information from the controller 130 and input information and parameters to the controller 130. Such information and parameters may be stored in a memory device, accessed by the processor, and output to the input / output device. For example, the input / output device may include a monitor, display device, touchscreen device, keyboard, microphone, joystick, dial, button, or other such device that enables the input and output of information and parameters. The input / output device may be used to input information to the controller 130 and output information and data generated by the processor of the gas chromatograph 135, or to display them in another way.

[0025] The gas chromatograph 135 may include one or more fittings 150 (e.g., interfaces, unions, ventless interfaces, ventless GC-MS interfaces). The fittings 150 may be made of stainless steel. The fittings 150 can be installed within the gas chromatograph 135. For example, the fittings 150 can be partially installed within the gas chromatograph 135. The fittings 150 can be fluidly connected to the mass spectrometer 145 (MS). The fittings 150 can be fluidly connected to the column 115. The column 115 can be installed within the fittings 150.

[0026] The GC-MS system 100 may include a mass spectrometer 145. The mass spectrometer 145 may be connected to a gas chromatograph 135 by a mass spectrometer flow path 155. The mass spectrometer flow path 155 may be downstream of a column 115. The column 115 may be upstream of the mass spectrometer flow path 155. The column 115 may include a section of tubing that carries the flow moving from the gas chromatograph 135 towards the mass spectrometer 145. A fitting 150 may be fluidly connected to the mass spectrometer flow path 155. The mass spectrometer flow path 155 may include tubing. The interior of the mass spectrometer 145 may include a chamber. The mass spectrometer flow path 155 may have a restriction.

[0027] The mass spectrometer flow path 155 may have an inner diameter in the range of 50 μm to 150 μm. For example, the inner diameter of the mass spectrometer flow path 155 may be in the range of 50 μm to 75 μm, 50 μm to 100 μm, 50 μm to 125 μm, 50 μm to 150 μm, 75 μm to 100 μm, 75 μm to 125 μm, 75 μm to 150 μm, 100 μm to 125 μm, 100 μm to 150 μm, or 125 μm to 150 μm. The inner diameter of the mass spectrometer flow path 155 may be less than 50 μm. The inner diameter of the mass spectrometer flow path 155 may be greater than 150 μm.

[0028] The mass spectrometer flow path 155 may be made of fused silica or a metal (e.g., a deactivated metal). The mass spectrometer flow path 155 can have a length in the range of 10 cm to 30 cm. For example, the length of the mass spectrometer flow path 155 may be in the range of 10 cm to 15 cm, 10 cm to 20 cm, 10 cm to 25 cm, 10 cm to 30 cm, 15 cm to 20 cm, 15 cm to 25 cm, 15 cm to 30 cm, 20 cm to 25 cm, 20 cm to 30 cm, or 25 cm to 30 cm. The length of the mass spectrometer flow path 155 may be less than 10 cm. The length of the mass spectrometer flow path 155 may be greater than 30 cm.

[0029] The mass spectrometer 145 may include an ion source 160 (e.g., an ionizer). The output of the gas chromatograph 135 can be supplied to the ion source 160. The ion source 160 may be fluidly connected to the fitting 150 (e.g., via) the mass spectrometer flow path 155 and may be located downstream of the mass spectrometer flow path 155. The ion source 160 can produce sample ions from the sample stream received from the gas chromatograph 135. The ion source 160 may include an electron impactor or a chemical ionizer.

[0030] The mass spectrometer 145 may include a mass spectrometer 165. The ion source 160 can guide sample ions to the mass spectrometer 165. The mass spectrometer 165 may include devices configured to separate, sort, or filter the sample ions based on their respective masses (e.g., mass-to-charge ratio, or m / z ratio). Examples of the mass spectrometer 165 may include a multipolar electrode structure (e.g., mass filter, ion trap), a time-of-flight (TOF) component, an electrostatic analyzer (ESA), or a magnetic sector. The mass spectrometer 165 may include a system of two or more mass spectrometers. The mass spectrometer 165 may be fluid-coupled to the ion source 160.

[0031] The mass spectrometer 145 may include an ion detector 120. The ion detector 120 may include a device configured to collect and measure the flux (or flow) of mass-distinguished ions output from the mass spectrometer 165. Examples of ion detectors 120 may include electron multiplier tubes, photomultiplier tubes, and Faraday cups. The ion detector 120 may be fluid-coupled to the mass spectrometer 165.

[0032] The mass spectrometer 145 may include a vacuum system 170. The vacuum system 170 can maintain the ion source 160 at a desired low pressure or vacuum level. The vacuum system 170 can maintain the mass spectrometer 165 and the ion detector 120 at a desired vacuum level. The vacuum system 170 may include one or more vacuum pumps. The vacuum system 170 can maintain one or more components of the mass spectrometer 145 (e.g., a chamber) at a desired vacuum level.

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the GC-MS system 100. The GC-MS system 100 may include a mass spectrometer flow path 155 and a column 115. The mass spectrometer flow path 155 may be fluidly connected to the column 115.

[0034] The GC-MS system 100 may include a transfer line 250 (e.g., an MS transfer line, a mass spectrometer transfer line). The fitting 150 can be screwed into the transfer line 250 or clamped in place using alternative means. A mass spectrometer flow path 155 may be coupled to the transfer line 250. The transfer line 250 may include a tube with an inner diameter large enough to accommodate the mass spectrometer flow path 155 inside the tube. The transfer line 250 may include a tube with a flange on top. The flange can seal against the side of the mass spectrometer 145. The transfer line 250 can accommodate the mass spectrometer flow path 155. The mass spectrometer flow path 155 can be inserted into the transfer line 250. The transfer line 250 may be made of metal (e.g., stainless steel). The fitting 150 can be welded or brazed to the transfer line 250. The fitting 150 can be securely attached to the transfer line 250. The fitting 150 can be machined from the end of the transfer line 250. The fitting 150 can be permanently or temporarily attached to the transfer line 250. The fitting 150 and the transfer line 250 can be joined to form an airtight seal.

[0035] The GC-MS system 100 may include a fitting 150. The fitting 150 may be fluidly connected to a mass spectrometer 145. For example, the fitting 150 may be fluidly connected to the mass spectrometer 145 by a mass spectrometer flow path 155. The fitting 150 may be fluidly connected to a gas chromatograph 135. For example, the fitting 150 may be fluidly connected to the gas chromatograph 135 by a column 115. The fitting 150 may be made of metal (e.g., stainless steel).

[0036] The fitting 150 may include a sealing surface 210 (e.g., a mating sealing surface). The sealing surface 210 may include a conical sealing surface. The sealing surface 210 may be configured to seal against a ferrule (e.g., to form an airtight connection with it). A conical sealing surface may be configured to seal together with a ferrule. The sealing surface 210 may be coupled with a ferrule. For example, the sealing surface 210 may accommodate a ferrule. The sealing surface 210 may have a rougher surface than the unsealed surface. The sealing surface 210 may be free of scratches in the same direction as the column 115. The sealing surface 210 may be made rigid enough to avoid deformation and damage.

[0037] The fitting 150 may include one or more gas purge flow paths 220. For example, one or more gas purge flow paths 220 may include one gas purge flow path, two gas purge flow paths, three gas purge flow paths, four gas purge flow paths, or five gas purge flow paths. One or more gas purge flow paths 220 may include more than five gas purge flow paths.

[0038] One or more gas purge flow paths 220 can carry a purge gas. For example, one or more gas purge flow paths 220 can carry at least one of nitrogen, helium, or hydrogen. One or more gas purge flow paths 220 can be connected to (e.g., welded, brazed) the fittings 150. For example, one or more gas purge flow paths 220 can be connected to the fittings 150 upstream of the sealing surface 210. One or more gas purge flow paths 220 can be connected to the fittings 150 upstream of the seal between the ferrule and the sealing surface 210. One or more gas purge flow paths 220 can be welded or brazed to the fittings 150. One or more gas purge flow paths 220 can be fluidly connected to the fittings 150. One or more gas purge flow paths 220 can be mechanically or physically connected to (e.g., coupled, attached) the fittings 150. One or more gas purge flow paths 220 can carry gases that do not damage the high-temperature components of the mass spectrometer 145 (e.g., components exceeding 100°C) under vacuum.

[0039] One or more gas purge flow paths 220 can include multiple gas purge flow paths. For example, one or more gas purge flow paths 220 can include a first gas purge flow path. One or more gas purge flow paths 220 can include a second gas purge flow path. The first gas purge flow path can be arranged opposite the second gas purge flow path. The first gas purge flow path and the second gas purge flow path can be arranged on the same side. One or more gas purge flow paths 220 can be arranged around the fitting 150 at uniform or uneven spacing.

[0040] One or more gas purge flow paths 220 may include one or more first sides 225 of the gas purge flow path 220. One or more gas purge flow paths 220 may include one or more second sides 230 of the gas purge flow path 220. Purge gas can flow from one or more second sides 230 of the gas purge flow path 220 to one or more first sides 225 of the gas purge flow path 220. One or more first sides 225 of the gas purge flow path 220 may be connected to a fitting 150 upstream of the sealing surface 210. One or more first sides 225 of the gas purge flow path 220 may be fluidly connected to a fitting 150 upstream of the sealing surface 210. One or more first sides 225 of the gas purge flow path 220 may be mechanically or physically connected to a fitting 150 upstream of the sealing surface 210.

[0041] One or more gas purge flow paths 220 may include one or more tubes. For example, one or more tubes may include one, two, three, four, or five tubes. One or more tubes may include six or more tubes. One or more tubes may be made of stainless steel. For example, one or more tubes may be made of austenitic stainless steel. One or more tubes may be corrosion resistant. One or more tubes may be welded or brazed to the fitting 150. One or more tubes may be attached to the fitting 150 in a manner that forms an airtight seal and can withstand high temperatures. One or more tubes may be connected to the fitting 150. For example, one or more tubes may be connected to the fitting 150 at a distance ranging from 0.5 mm to 10 mm upstream of the sealing surface 210. The distance between one or more tubes and the sealing surface 210 may be in the range of 0.5 mm to 1 mm, 0.5 mm to 2 mm, 0.5 mm to 5 mm, 0.5 mm to 10 mm, 1 mm to 2 mm, 1 mm to 5 mm, 1 mm to 10 mm, 2 mm to 5 mm, 2 mm to 10 mm, or 5 mm to 10 mm. The distance may be less than 0.5 mm or greater than 10 mm.

[0042] The diameter 305 (e.g., inner diameter) of one or more tubes can range from 300 μm to 1000 μm. For example, the diameter 305 of one or more tubes could be 300 μm, 350 μm, 400 μm, 450 μm, 500 μm, 550 μm, 600 μm, 650 μm, 700 μm, 750 μm, 800 μm, 850 μm, 900 μm, 950 μm, or 1000 μm. The diameter of one or more tubes is 305, and the sizes are 300μm to 400μm, 300μm to 500μm, 300μm to 600μm, 300μm to 700μm, 300μm to 800μm, 300μm to 900μm, 300μm to 1000μm, 400μm to 500μm, 400μm to 600μm, 400μm to 700μm, 400μm to 800μm, 400μm to 900μm, 400μm to 1000μm, and 500μm to 600 The diameter may be in the range of μm, 500μm to 700μm, 500μm to 800μm, 500μm to 900μm, 500μm to 1000μm, 600μm to 700μm, 600μm to 800μm, 600μm to 900μm, 600μm to 1000μm, 700μm to 800μm, 700μm to 900μm, 700μm to 1000μm, 800μm to 900μm, 800μm to 1000μm, or 900μm to 1000μm. The diameter may be less than 300μm or greater than 1000μm.

[0043] The gas flowing through one or more gas purge flow paths 220 can be controlled by a dedicated electronic pneumatic control module 140. The electronic pneumatic control module 140 can guide the gas (e.g., an inert gas) toward the sealing surface 210. For example, the electronic pneumatic control module 140 can guide the gas toward the sealing surface 210 to prevent oxygen from flowing into the mass spectrometer 145. The oxygen may come from the ambient air (e.g., room air). The electronic pneumatic control module 140 can guide the gas toward the sealing surface 210 to prevent oxygen from flowing into the vacuum of the mass spectrometer 145. The electronic pneumatic control module 140 can guide the gas toward the sealing surface 210 to completely remove oxygen from the cavity or volume defined by the conical sealing surface.

[0044] The electronic pneumatic control module 140 can turn on the flow or pressure before (for example, immediately before) the seal between the sealing surface 210 of the fitting 150 and the ferrule is broken. This may allow gas in one or more gas purge flow paths 220 to purge a volume defined by the conical sealing surface when the column 115 is removed.

[0045] The electronic pneumatic control module 140 can automatically operate to flow gas through one or more gas purge flow paths 220. For example, the electronic pneumatic control module 140 can flow gas through one or more gas purge flow paths 220 in response to a rupture in a flow path. The electronic pneumatic control module 140 can flow gas through one or more gas purge flow paths 220 in response to the removal of column 115. The electronic pneumatic control module 140 can flow gas through one or more gas purge flow paths 220 in response to a rupture in a fluid seal.

[0046] When a user performs a maintenance procedure that involves disrupting a flow path, the electronic pneumatic control module 140 can automatically activate the purge gas to flow through one or more gas purge flow paths 220. The electronic pneumatic control module 140 can control at least one of the flow rate or pressure of the purge gas distributed through one or more gas purge flow paths 220. The flows through each of the one or more gas purge flow paths 220 may be the same or different. A single electronic pneumatic control module 140 can supply flow to all one or more gas purge flow paths 220. Each of the one or more gas purge flow paths 220 may have a separate electronic pneumatic control module 140.

[0047] The fitting 150 may include one or more first cavities 205. A mass spectrometer flow path 155 may be coupled to the first cavities 205. The first cavities 205 may include a volume that fills the gap between the column 115 and the mass spectrometer flow path 155. The first cavities 205 may be fluidly connected to the column 115. The first cavities 205 may include a first side portion 235. The first cavities 205 may include a second side portion 240. The first cavities 205 may be coupled to a sealing surface 210. For example, the first side portion 235 of the first cavities 205 may be coupled to the sealing surface 210. The first side portions 225 of one or more gas purge flow paths 220 may be connected to the fitting 150 upstream of the first cavities 205. The first cavity 205 can be coupled to the gas chromatograph 135 and the mass spectrometer 145. The electronic pneumatic control module 140 can guide the gas toward the sealing surface 210 to prevent oxygen from flowing into the first cavity 205. The first cavity 205 can be fluidly coupled to the vacuum system 170. The distance between the first cavity 205 and one or more gas purge flow paths 220 can be up to 1 cm. The distance between the first cavity 205 and one or more gas purge flow paths 220 can be in the range of 0.5 mm to 10 mm. The distance between the first cavity 205 and one or more gas purge flow paths 220 may be greater than 1 cm. The inner diameter of the first cavity 205 may be greater than the outer diameter of the column 115.

[0048] The GC-MS system 100 may include one or more ferrules. The ferrules may include a first ferrule 212 or a second ferrule 214. The ferrules may have any shape. For example, the ferrule may be conical. A column 115 (e.g., a tube) may be placed within the first ferrule 212. The first ferrule 212 may be coupled to the column 115. For example, the column 115 may be inserted into the first ferrule 212. The first cavity 205 may be terminated together with the first ferrule 212 and / or the second ferrule 214. The ferrules may have a conical angle in the range of 30 to 70 degrees. For example, the cone angle can be in the range of 30 to 40 degrees, 30 to 50 degrees, 30 to 60 degrees, 30 to 70 degrees, 30 to 80 degrees, 40 to 50 degrees, 40 to 60 degrees, 40 to 70 degrees, 40 to 80 degrees, 50 to 60 degrees, 50 to 70 degrees, 50 to 80 degrees, 60 to 70 degrees, 60 to 80 degrees, or 70 to 80 degrees. The ferrule may be made of a variety of materials such as polyimide-based plastics (e.g., Vespel), graphite, Teflon®, steel, gold-plated steel, and / or brass.

[0049] Ferrules can have inner diameters ranging from 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm. For example, the inner diameters of ferrules can be 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm, 0.1 mm to 0.25 mm, 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm, 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm, 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm, 0.1 mm to 0.7 mm, 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm, 0.2 mm to 0.25 mm, 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm, 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm, 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm, 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm, 0.2 mm to 0.7 mm, 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm, 0.25 mm to 0.3 mm, 0.25 mm to 0.4 mm, 0.25 mm to 0.5 mm. It can be in the range of mm, 0.25mm to 0.6mm, 0.25mm to 0.7mm, 0.25mm to 0.8mm, 0.3mm to 0.4mm, 0.3mm to 0.5mm, 0.3mm to 0.6mm, 0.3mm to 0.7mm, 0.3mm to 0.8mm, 0.4mm to 0.5mm, 0.4mm to 0.6mm, 0.4mm to 0.7mm, 0.4mm to 0.8mm, 0.5mm to 0.6mm, 0.5mm to 0.7mm, 0.5mm to 0.8mm, 0.6mm to 0.7mm, 0.6mm to 0.8mm, or 0.7mm to 0.8mm.

[0050] The first ferrule 212 and the second ferrule 214 can be positioned on opposing ends of the first cavity 205. The first ferrule 212 can be coupled to the sealing surface 210 and configured to create an airtight seal between the column 115, the first ferrule 212, and the sealing surface 210. The first ferrule 212 can be positioned upstream and adjacent to the first side 235 of the first cavity 205. The mass spectrometer flow path 155 can be positioned within the second ferrule 214. The sealing surface 210 can be positioned upstream and adjacent to the first side 235 of the first cavity 205. The second ferrule 214 can be positioned downstream and adjacent to the second side 240 of the first cavity 205. The second ferrule 214 can be configured to connect with the transfer line 250, the mass spectrometer flow path 155, and / or the fitting 150. For example, the second ferrule 214 can create (e.g., form) an airtight seal with the transfer line 250, the mass spectrometer flow path 155, and the fitting 150. The transfer line 250 can be fluidly coupled to the vacuum system 170. The fitting 150 can be screwed onto the transfer line 250. This applies a force from the end of the transfer line 250 onto the back of the second ferrule 214, thereby causing the second ferrule 214 to create a seal with the fitting 150, the mass spectrometer flow path 155, and the transfer line 250.

[0051] The first ferrule 212 can be coupled with a threaded nut 245. The threaded nut 245 can apply pressure to the first ferrule 212. For example, the threaded nut 245 can apply pressure to the first ferrule 212 so that it forms a first seal (e.g., a fluid seal) against the sealing surface 210 and a second seal against the column 115. The threaded nut 245 can be pressed against the back of the first ferrule 212. The threaded nut 245 can be screwed into the fitting 150. Pressure can be applied to the first ferrule 212 to create a seal using various mechanisms, such as a clamping mechanism.

[0052] A portion of the GC-MS system 100 shown in Figure 2 can illustrate a system configuration in which one or more gas purge flow paths 220 are not in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path 155. In this configuration, the column 115 can be fluidly connected to the mass spectrometer flow path 155. Furthermore, in this configuration, a fluid seal may exist between the first ferrule 212, the column 115, and the fitting 150. The column 115 can be installed within the fitting 150.

[0053] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the GC-MS system 100. The GC-MS system 100 may include a mass spectrometer flow path 155, a column 115, an electronic pneumatic control module 140, a fitting 150, a first cavity 205, a sealing surface 210, a first ferrule 212, a second ferrule 214, one or more gas purge flow paths 220, and a threaded nut 245.

[0054] A portion of the GC-MS system 100 shown in Figure 3 can illustrate a system state in which one or more gas purge flow paths 220 are in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path 155. In this state, there is no fluid seal between the first ferrule 212, the column 115, and the sealing surface 210 of the fitting 150. The column 115 may be partially removed from the fitting 150.

[0055] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the GC-MS system 100. The GC-MS system 100 may include a mass spectrometer flow path 155, a column 115, an electronic pneumatic control module 140, a fitting 150, a first cavity 205, a sealing surface 210, a first ferrule 212, a second ferrule 214, and one or more gas purge flow paths 220.

[0056] One or more gas purge flow paths 220 may include one or more tubes. The angle 405 between one or more tubes and the axis of the first cavity 205 can be in the range of 0 to 180 degrees. For example, the angle 405 between one or more tubes and the axis of the first cavity 205 may be 0, 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, or 180 degrees. The angle 405 between one or more tubes and the axis of the first cavity 205 can be in the range of 90 to 120 degrees, 90 to 150 degrees, 90 to 180 degrees, 120 to 150 degrees, 120 to 180 degrees, or 150 to 180 degrees. One or more gas purge flow paths 220 can be arranged parallel to the first cavity 205. For example, one or more tubes of one or more gas purge flow paths 220 can be arranged parallel to the first cavity 205.

[0057] One or more gas purge flow paths 220 can be connected to a second cavity 415. The second cavity 415 can be located upstream of the sealing surface 210. The second cavity 415 can be located downstream of one or more gas purge flow paths 220. The angle 410 between one or more tubes and the surface of the second cavity 415 can be in the range of 0 to 90 degrees. For example, the angle 410 between one or more tubes and the surface of the second cavity 415 may be 0, 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, or 90 degrees. The angle 410 between one or more tubes and the surface of the second cavity 415 may be greater than 90 degrees. The angle 410 between one or more tubes and the surface of the second cavity 415 may be in the range of 25 to 30 degrees, 25 to 35 degrees, 25 to 40 degrees, 25 to 45 degrees, 25 to 50 degrees, 25 to 55 degrees, 30 to 35 degrees, 30 to 40 degrees, 30 to 45 degrees, 30 to 50 degrees, 30 to 55 degrees, 35 to 40 degrees, 35 to 45 degrees, 35 to 50 degrees, 35 to 55 degrees, 40 to 45 degrees, 40 to 50 degrees, 40 to 55 degrees, 45 to 50 degrees, 45 to 55 degrees, or 50 to 55 degrees.

[0058] The gas flowing through one or more gas purge flow paths 220 can be directed toward the sealing surface 210. For example, the gas flowing through one or more gas purge flow paths 220 can be directed toward the sealing surface 210 to prevent oxygen from flowing into the mass spectrometer 145. The gas flowing through one or more gas purge flow paths 220 can prevent oxygen from flowing into the vacuum chamber of the mass spectrometer 145. The gas flowing through one or more gas purge flow paths 220 can prevent oxygen from flowing into the second cavity 415.

[0059] The first ferrule 212 may include a sealing surface 420. The sealing surface 420 of the first ferrule 212 may be the surface of the first ferrule 212. The sealing surface 420 of the first ferrule 212 may be configured to seal against the mating sealing surface 210. The sealing surface 420 of the first ferrule 212 may seal together with the conical sealing surface of the joint 150. For example, the sealing surface 420 of the first ferrule 212 may form an airtight connection together with the mating sealing surface 210.

[0060] The first ferrule 212 may include a sealing surface 425. The sealing surface 425 of the first ferrule 212 may be the surface of the first ferrule 212. The sealing surface 425 of the first ferrule 212 can seal together with the outer diameter of the column 115. For example, the sealing surface 425 of the first ferrule 212 can form an airtight connection together with the outer diameter of the column 115.

[0061] A portion of the GC-MS system 100 shown in Figure 4 can illustrate a system state in which one or more gas purge flow paths 220 are in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path 155. In this state, there is no fluid seal between the first ferrule 212, the column 115, and the fitting 150. The column 115 can be completely removed from the fitting 150.

[0062] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a computer-calculated fluid dynamics simulation of a portion of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system 100. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system 100 may include a first cavity 205, a sealing surface 210, and one or more gas purge flow paths 220. Purge gas can flow through one or more gas purge flow paths 220. Purge gas from one or more gas purge flow paths 220 can prevent oxygen from flowing into the mass spectrometer 145. Purge gas from one or more gas purge flow paths 220 can prevent oxygen from flowing into the vacuum chamber of the mass spectrometer 145. Purge gas from one or more gas purge flow paths 220 can completely remove oxygen from the volume 505 defined by the sealing surface 210.

[0063] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the GC-MS system 100. The GC-MS system 100 may include a mass spectrometer flow path 155, a column 115, an electronic pneumatic control module 140, a fitting 150, a sealing surface 210, a first ferrule 212, one or more gas purge flow paths 220, and a threaded nut 245.

[0064] Instead of having a second ferrule 214, the mass spectrometer flow path 155 may be a metal tube (e.g., a throttling) brazed to the fitting 150 or otherwise permanently attached to the fitting 150 with an airtight seal. The fitting 150 can be brazed to the transfer line 250 or otherwise permanently attached to the transfer line 250 with an airtight seal. The mass spectrometer flow path 155 may have an internal inert coating to prevent interaction between the sample and the surface of the mass spectrometer flow path 155.

[0065] A portion of the GC-MS system 100 shown in Figure 6 can illustrate a system configuration in which one or more gas purge flow paths 220 are not in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path 155. In this configuration, the column 115 can be fluidly connected to the mass spectrometer flow path 155. Furthermore, in this configuration, a fluid seal may exist between the first ferrule 212, the column 115, and the fitting 150. The column 115 can be installed within the fitting 150.

[0066] The fitting 150 may be machined to become the end of the transfer line 250. For example, the fitting 150 and the transfer line 250 may be machined from the same section of material. The fitting 150 and the transfer line 250 may be machined from the same section of material, and the inner diameter of the transfer line 250 may be made to be the inner diameter of the mass spectrometer flow path 155. The mass spectrometer flow path 155 may be attached to the fitting 150 by permanent or non-permanent means. For example, a puck may be brazed onto the end of the mass spectrometer flow path 155. Knife edge or gasket seals may be used between the puck and the fitting 150 and between the puck and the transfer line 250.

[0067] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the GC-MS system 100. The GC-MS system 100 may include a mass spectrometer flow path 155, a column 115, an electronic pneumatic control module 140, a fitting 150, a sealing surface 210, a first ferrule 212, one or more gas purge flow paths 220, and a threaded nut 245. Instead of having a second ferrule 214, the mass spectrometer flow path 155 may be a metal tube.

[0068] A portion of the GC-MS system 100 shown in Figure 7 can illustrate a system state in which one or more gas purge flow paths 220 are in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path 155. In this state, there is no fluid seal between the first ferrule 212, the column 115, and the sealing surface 210 of the fitting 150. The column 115 can be partially removed from the fitting 150.

[0069] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the GC-MS system 100. The GC-MS system 100 may include a mass spectrometer flow path 155, a column 115, an electronic pneumatic control module 140, a fitting 150, a sealing surface 210, a first ferrule 212, one or more gas purge flow paths 220, a threaded nut 245, a sealing surface 420 of the first ferrule 212, and a sealing surface 425 of the first ferrule 212. Instead of having a second ferrule 214, the mass spectrometer flow path 155 may be a metal tube.

[0070] A portion of the GC-MS system 100 shown in Figure 8 can illustrate a system state in which one or more gas purge flow paths 220 are in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path 155. In this state, there is no fluid seal between the first ferrule 212, the column 115, and the fitting 150. The column 115 can be completely removed from the fitting 150.

[0071] Figure 9 is a schematic flow diagram showing method 900 for providing a ventless gas chromatography-mass spectrometry interface. Method 900 may include providing a mass spectrometer flow path (BLOCK 905). Method 900 may include providing a sealing surface (BLOCK 910). Method 900 may include providing one or more gas purge flow paths (BLOCK 915). In the first state, method 900 may include uncoupling the sealing surface from the ferrule (BLOCK 920). In the first state, method 900 may include flowing purge gas (BLOCK 925). In the second state, method 900 may include coupling the sealing surface (BLOCK 930). In the second state, method 900 may include stopping the flow of purge gas (BLOCK 935). In the second state, method 900 may include flowing a sample (BLOCK 940).

[0072] Method 900 may include providing a mass spectrometer flow path (BLOCK 905). The mass spectrometer flow path may be downstream of the column. The mass spectrometer flow path may include a tube. The mass spectrometer flow path may be coupled to a transfer line. The mass spectrometer flow path may be coupled to a first cavity.

[0073] Method 900 may include providing a sealing surface (BLOCK 910). For example, Method 900 may include providing an upstream and adjacent sealing surface to the mass spectrometer flow path. The sealing surface may be a conical sealing surface.

[0074] Method 900 may include providing one or more gas purge flow paths (BLOCK 915). For example, Method 900 may include providing one or more gas purge flow paths upstream of the sealing surface. One or more gas purge flow paths may carry a purge gas. For example, one or more gas purge flow paths may carry at least one of nitrogen, helium, or hydrogen. One or more gas purge flow paths may be connected to fittings. For example, one or more gas purge flow paths may be connected to fittings upstream of the sealing surface.

[0075] In the first state, method 900 may include unblocking a sealing surface (BLOCK 920). Unblocking a sealing surface (e.g., a ferrule seal) may include unblocking the sealing surface of the fitting from the ferrule. For example, unblocking a sealing surface may include separating the sealing surface from the ferrule. By unblocking the sealing surface from the ferrule, one or more gas purge flow paths can be brought into fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path. Unblocking a sealing surface may include breaking the flow path (e.g., removing the airtight seal between the ferrule and the sealing surface, and bringing one or more gas purge flow paths into fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path). By unblocking the sealing surface from the ferrule, the gas purge flow path can be brought into fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path. The ferrule may be coupled to the column. In the first state, the column cannot be in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path.

[0076] In the first state, method 900 may include flowing purge gas (BLOCK 925). Flowing purge gas may include flowing purge gas through one or more gas purge flow paths. Flowing purge gas may occur simultaneously with the uncoupling of the sealing surface. Flowing purge gas may be performed automatically. For example, flowing purge gas may be performed automatically in response to the uncoupling of the sealing surface. When a user performs a maintenance procedure that involves breaking a flow path, the electronic pneumatic control module may be automatically activated to flow purge gas through one or more gas purge flow paths. Flowing purge gas may occur before, after, or simultaneously with the uncoupling of the sealing surface. By flowing purge gas before uncoupling the sealing surface from the ferrule, it is possible to prevent an initial influx of air into the mass spectrometer before the purge gas increases.

[0077] Flowing purge gas through one or more gas purge flow paths may include flowing the purge gas at a rate of at least 30 mL / min. For example, the flow rate of the purge gas may be 30 mL / min, 40 mL / min, 50 mL / min, 60 mL / min, 70 mL / min, 80 mL / min, 90 mL / min, 100 mL / min, 125 mL / min, 150 mL / min, 175 mL / min, or 200 mL / min or more. Method 900 may include controlling the flow rate of the purge gas. Flowing purge gas through one or more gas purge flow paths may include flowing the purge gas at a rate of less than 30 mL / min.

[0078] In some embodiments, method 900 may include preventing oxygen from flowing into the vacuum system or vacuum chamber of the mass spectrometer in the first state. For example, an electronic pneumatic control module may guide a gas toward a sealing surface to prevent oxygen from flowing into the mass spectrometer. The oxygen may come from ambient air (e.g., room air). The electronic pneumatic control module may guide a gas toward a sealing surface to prevent oxygen from flowing into the vacuum of the mass spectrometer.

[0079] Method 900 may include controlling the pressure of the purge gas. For example, the purge gas pressure may be in the range of 0.1 psi to 50 psi. For example, the purge gas pressure may be in the range of 0.1 psi to 1 psi, 0.1 psi to 5 psi, 0.1 psi to 10 psi, 0.1 psi to 25 psi, 0.1 psi to 50 psi, 1 psi to 5 psi, 1 psi to 10 psi, 1 psi to 25 psi, 1 psi to 50 psi, 5 psi to 10 psi, 5 psi to 25 psi, 5 psi to 50 psi, 10 psi to 25 psi, 10 psi to 50 psi, or 25 psi to 50 psi. The purge gas pressure may be greater than 50 psi. The actual operating pressure may vary depending on the hardware configuration (e.g., gas type) and whether there is any constriction built into the device.

[0080] After verifying that the purge gas is flowing, the user may be notified that the column may be disconnected. When the column is disconnected, a certain amount of purge gas (e.g., inert purge gas) may leak into the vacuum chamber. Any remaining purge gas may leak into the furnace. After the installation of the new column is complete, the user can instruct the system to proceed, and the purge gas flow can be automatically turned off. Because only inert gas has flowed into the GC-MS system without ever compromising the vacuum, the GC-MS system can become stable and ready for operation in minutes, not hours.

[0081] In the second state, method 900 may include binding a sealing surface (BLOCK 930). For example, method 900 may include binding a sealing surface to a ferrule. Binding a sealing surface may include binding a sealing surface to a ferrule. For example, binding a sealing surface may include sealing the sealing surface together with the ferrule. This may involve applying force to the ferrule to cause it to seal the sealing surface and / or the column, creating an airtight seal between the components. By binding a sealing surface to a ferrule, fluid communication between one or more gas purge flow paths and the mass spectrometer flow path can be eliminated. By binding a sealing surface to a ferrule, the column can be made to be in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path. By binding a sealing surface to a ferrule, fluid communication between the column and the mass spectrometer flow path can be created. By binding a sealing surface to a ferrule, fluid communication (e.g., connection) between the mass spectrometer flow path and one or more gas purge flow paths can be eliminated (e.g., removed). In the second state, the column may be in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path.

[0082] In the second state, method 900 may include stopping the flow of purge gas (BLOCK 935). Stopping the flow of purge gas (e.g., turning off the purge gas) may occur simultaneously with the coupling of the sealing surfaces. Stopping the flow of purge gas may occur automatically. For example, stopping the flow of purge gas may occur automatically in response to the coupling of the sealing surfaces. The electronic pneumatic control module may automatically stop the purge gas from flowing through one or more gas purge flow paths.

[0083] In the second state, method 900 may include flowing the sample (BLOCK 940). For example, method 900 may include flowing the sample through a column. Flowing the sample through a column may be performed after the column is fitted and fluidly connected to the mass spectrometer flow path and the purge gas has been turned off. Flowing the sample may be performed before, after, or simultaneously with stopping the flow of the purge gas.

[0084] A method for providing a ventless gas chromatography-mass spectrometry interface may include providing a gas chromatograph. The method may also include providing a mass spectrometer connected to the gas chromatograph by a mass spectrometer flow path. The method may also include providing a fitting. The fitting may include a sealing surface and one or more gas purge flow paths. The fitting may be fluidly connected to the mass spectrometer. The method may also include providing a column disposed within a ferrule. One or more gas purge flow paths may be connected to the fitting upstream of the sealing surface. When the column is fluidly connected to the mass spectrometer flow path and there is a fluid seal between the ferrule, the column, and the fitting, one or more gas purge flow paths are not in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path. When there is no fluid seal between the ferrule, the column, and the fitting, one or more gas purge flow paths are in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path.

[0085] Any singular reference in this specification to an implementation, element, or act of a system or method may include implementations comprising multiple such elements, and any plural reference in this specification to any implementation, element, or act may include implementations comprising only a single element. Singular or plural references are not intended to limit the systems or methods, their components, acts, or elements disclosed herein to a single or multiple configurations. Any reference to an act or element based on any information, act, or element may include implementations in which that act or element is at least partially based on any information, act, or element.

[0086] While actions may be depicted in a specific order in the drawings, such actions do not need to be performed in the specific order or sequential order shown, and not all illustrated actions need to be performed. The actions described herein can be performed in a different order.

[0087] Any implementation disclosed herein may be combined with any other implementation, and references to “implementation,” “several implementations,” “alternative implementations,” “various implementations,” “one implementation,” or similar terms are not necessarily mutually exclusive and are intended to indicate that certain features, structures, or characteristics described in relation to an implementation may be included in at least one implementation. Such terms used herein do not necessarily all refer to the same implementation. Any implementation may be combined with any other implementation, comprehensively or exclusively, in any manner consistent with the embodiments and implementations disclosed herein.

[0088] A reference to “or” may be interpreted as inclusive, such that any term written using “or” may refer to one, two or more, or all of the terms listed. A reference to at least one of the terms in the list of conjunctions may be interpreted as an inclusive OR, such that it refers to one, two or more, or all of the terms listed. For example, a reference to “at least one of “A” and “B”” may include not only “A” alone, or “B” alone, but also both “A” and “B.” Elements that are neither “A” nor “B” may also be included.

[0089] The systems and methods described herein may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from their characteristics. The aforementioned implementation forms are illustrative, not limiting, to the systems and methods described herein.

[0090] Where reference numerals follow drawings, detailed descriptions, or technical features in any claim, those reference numerals are included to enhance the understanding of the drawings, detailed descriptions, and claims. Therefore, the presence or absence of reference numerals does not have any limiting effect on the scope of any claim element.

[0091] The systems and methods described herein may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from their characteristics. The aforementioned implementations are illustrative, not limiting, to the systems and methods described herein. Accordingly, the scope of the systems and methods described herein is indicated not by the foregoing but by the appended claims, and any changes that fall within the meaning of the claims and the scope of equivalents of the claims are included therein.

Claims

1. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system, Gas chromatograph and, A mass spectrometer connected to the gas chromatograph via a mass spectrometer flow path, A fitting comprising a sealing surface and one or more gas purge flow paths, wherein the fitting is fluidly connected to the mass spectrometer, It comprises a column arranged within a ferrule, The one or more gas purge flow paths are connected to the fitting upstream of the sealing surface, If the column is fluidly connected to the mass spectrometer flow path, and there is a fluid sealing between the ferrule, the column, and the fitting, then one or more gas purge flow paths are not in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system in which, if there is no fluid-sealing seal between the ferrule, the column, and the fitting, one or more gas purge flow paths are in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path.

2. The GC-MS system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more gas purge flow paths comprise a first gas purge flow path and a second gas purge flow path, and the first gas purge flow path is arranged opposite to the second gas purge flow path.

3. The GC-MS system according to claim 1, wherein the sealing surface includes a conical sealing surface configured to seal together with the ferrule.

4. The GC-MS system according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the mass spectrometer flow path is in the range of 50 μm to 150 μm.

5. The aforementioned ferrule is the first ferrule, The aforementioned GC-MS system is A cavity, further comprising a cavity having a first side and a second side, The sealing surface is disposed upstream and adjacent to the first side of the cavity, The GC-MS system according to claim 4, wherein a second ferrule is disposed downstream and adjacent to the second side of the cavity.

6. The GC-MS system according to claim 5, wherein the second ferrule is configured to connect with the transfer line, the mass spectrometer flow path, and the fitting.

7. The GC-MS system according to claim 6, wherein the transfer line is fluidly coupled to a vacuum system.

8. It also has a cavity, The GC-MS system according to claim 4, wherein the one or more gas purge flow paths include one or more tubes, and the angle between the one or more tubes and the axis of the cavity is in the range of 0 to 180 degrees.

9. The GC-MS system according to claim 1, wherein one or more gas purge flow paths are physically connected to the fitting.

10. The GC-MS system according to claim 1, wherein one or more gas purge flow paths are configured to carry at least one of nitrogen, helium, or hydrogen.

11. The ferrule is configured to connect with a threaded nut. The GC-MS system according to claim 1, wherein the screw-type nut is configured to apply pressure to the ferrule.

12. The GC-MS system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more gas purge flow paths include one or more tubes, and the one or more tubes are connected to the fittings at a distance of 0.5 mm to 10 mm upstream of the sealing surface.

13. The GC-MS system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more gas purge flow paths include one or more tubes fluidly coupled to a cavity, and the cavity is located upstream of the sealing surface.

14. The GC-MS system according to claim 13, wherein the angle between the one or more tubes and the surface of the cavity is in the range of 0 to 90 degrees.

15. The GC-MS system according to claim 1, wherein the electronic pneumatic control module is configured to control at least one of the flow rate or pressure of the purge gas disposed in one or more gas purge flow paths.

16. The GC-MS system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more gas purge flow paths include one or more tubes, and the diameter of the one or more tubes is in the range of 300 μm to 1000 μm.

17. To provide a mass spectrometer flow path, The sealing surface is provided upstream and adjacent to the mass spectrometer flow path, One or more gas purge flow paths are provided upstream of the sealing surface, In the first state, Decoupling the sealing surface from the ferrule so that one or more gas purge flow paths are in fluid communication with the mass spectrometer flow path, wherein the ferrule is configured to be coupled to the column. The process involves flowing a purge gas through one or more gas purge flow paths, In the second state, (1) to eliminate the fluid communication between the one or more gas purge flow paths and the mass spectrometer flow path, and (2) to create a fluid communication between the column and the mass spectrometer flow path, by joining the sealing surface and the ferrule, Stopping the flow of the purge gas through one or more gas purge flow paths, The sample is passed through the aforementioned column. A method that includes this.

18. The mass spectrometer flow path is fluidly coupled to the vacuum system. The method according to claim 17, further comprising preventing oxygen from flowing into the vacuum system in the first state.

19. The method according to claim 17, wherein flowing the purge gas through one or more gas purge flow paths includes flowing the purge gas at a rate of at least 30 mL / min.

20. The method according to claim 17, further comprising controlling at least one of the flow rate or pressure of the purge gas.

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