A method for recovering polyester from an article without prior pretreatment.

Abstract

In a first embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for recovering polyester from an article comprising (i) polyester and (ii) a portion containing a further polymer selected from polyacetal, polyvinyl chloride and mixtures thereof.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] In a first embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for recovering polyester from an article comprising (i) polyester and (ii) a portion comprising a further polymer selected from polyacetal, polyvinyl chloride and mixtures thereof, comprising: (a) providing the article and a solvent system comprising gamma valerolactone; (b) optionally contacting the article with the solvent system at a temperature T1 below 170°C to obtain a solvent system rich in the further polymer of (ii) that is dissolved, and an article residue having reduced amounts of the further polymer and containing polyester; (c) contacting the article provided in (a) or the article residue optionally obtained in (b) with the solvent system at a temperature T2 above 170°C to obtain a solvent system richer in dissolved polyester compared to the solvent system provided in (a); and (d) precipitating polyester from the solvent system rich in dissolved polyester obtained in (c) to obtain precipitated polyester and a solvent system having reduced amounts of dissolved polyester. A second aspect of the present invention relates to polyester obtained or obtainable from the process of the first aspect; a third aspect relates to the use of the polyester of the second aspect for textile product applications, textile applications, packaging material applications, plastic applications, automotive applications and / or electronic applications. A fourth aspect relates to a method for producing a product, comprising (I) providing the polyester of the first aspect; and (II) producing textile products, textiles, packaging materials, plastics, automotive parts, and electronic parts from the polyester provided in (I). A fifth aspect relates to a method of the first aspect, focusing on obtaining a separated fraction containing a further polymer of (ii) and optionally a second polymer. A sixth aspect relates to a method comprising a further step of obtaining a polymer product by converting the again obtained polyester obtained by the process of the first aspect; and a seventh aspect relates to a method comprising a further step of obtaining one or more monomers, polymers, or polymer products by converting the residues obtainable or obtained by the process of the first or fifth aspect. [Background technology]

[0002] The demand for polymer materials has skyrocketed in recent decades. However, their low biodegradability generates a massive amount of plastic waste, which is typically incinerated in Europe, resulting in the loss of valuable materials and the emission of enormous amounts of CO2. Because of their low biodegradability, landfilling is even more undesirable. In the packaging sector, polyester-based polymer materials have been widely used, for example, in beverage and food packaging. Currently, the majority of food and beverages are packaged in plastic bottles and containers made from polymer materials, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET). PET is also a major component of modern clothing. While these materials are generally poorly biodegradable, they are still valuable materials, making it desirable to collect and recycle them.

[0003] While recycling processes have been adopted to convert waste into new production materials, the regeneration and recovery of polymer materials still presents many challenges. Waste polymer materials often include mixtures of different polymer materials, as well as metal-containing components and non-fiber components containing even more different polymers, such as buttons and decorative items. Therefore, in order to regenerate polymer materials, it is common to pre-treat them, that is, to separate different parts and materials through sorting. However, this sorting process requires considerable effort and / or sorting equipment. Many attempts at recycling are known, but such pre-treatment cannot be eliminated. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0004] Therefore, the fundamental technical problem of the present invention was to overcome these drawbacks and, in particular, to provide a method for recovering polyester from polymer materials that enables obtaining polyester from materials including metal and / or non-fibrous parts without pretreatment, while simultaneously obtaining undamaged polyester material. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In the first embodiment, the present invention is (i) polyester and; (ii) Metal-containing portions and / or A portion containing further polymers selected from polyacetal, polyvinyl chloride, and mixtures thereof; A method for recovering polyester from articles containing: (a) Providing articles and providing solvent systems; (b) optionally, the article is brought into contact with a solvent system at a temperature T1 below 170°C to obtain a solvent system rich in the further polymer of (ii) that is dissolved, and an article residue in which the further polymer is reduced and which contains polyester and optionally the metal-containing portion of (ii); (c) The article provided in (a) or optionally the article residue obtained in (b) is brought into contact with the solvent system at a temperature T2 above 170°C, thereby obtaining a solvent system richer in soluble polyester compared to the solvent system provided in (a), and optionally, an article residue with reduced polyester and containing the metal-containing portion of (ii); (d)(c) Precipitate the polyester from the solvent system rich in soluble polyester obtained in (d)(c), thereby obtaining precipitated polyester and a solvent system with reduced soluble polyester; Regarding methods including

[0006] Surprisingly, it has been found that the method of the present invention makes it possible to obtain polyester from articles comprising metal-containing parts and / or non-fibrous parts without requiring any pretreatment, in particular without any separation by sorting. Furthermore, not only the polyester but also the polymers derived from the non-fibrous parts could be obtained again in an undamaged form having an Mw value at least equal to the Mw value of the starting material. MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0007] The "part containing further polymer" in (ii) may comprise a polyester part in addition to polyacetal and / or polyvinyl chloride. When this polyester is present, it is preferably the same polyester as the polyester of (a). In such cases where this type of polyester is present, the precipitated polyester obtained in (d) comprises the polyester of (a) and the polyester of the part containing the further polymer.

[0008] "Contacting" in optional step (b) and step (c) preferably means that the article provided in (a) or the article residue optionally obtained in (b) is at least partially immersed in the solvent system. Preferably, the article provided in (a) or the article residue optionally obtained in (b) is at least partially immersed in the solvent system such that at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, more preferably at least 99% of the surface of the article provided in (a) or the article residue optionally obtained in (b) is in contact with the solvent system, based on 100% of the total surface of the article provided in (a) or the article residue optionally obtained in (b).

[0009] With respect to the optional step (b), “rich in further polymers” means that at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, more preferably at least 70% by weight, more preferably at least 80% by weight, more preferably at least 90% by weight, and more preferably at least 95% by weight of the further polymers (if any) contained in the article provided in (a) are dissolved in the solvent system, with the further polymers (if any) contained in the article provided in (a) being 100% by weight. With respect to the residue obtained (optionally) in (b), “reduced in further polymers” means that ≤50% by weight, preferably ≤40% by weight, more preferably ≤30% by weight, more preferably ≤20% by weight, more preferably ≤10% by weight, and more preferably ≤5% by weight of the further polymers (if any) contained in the article provided in (a) are still present in the residue, with the further polymers (if any) contained in the article provided in (a) being 100% by weight.

[0010] As used in relation to step (c), "solvent system rich in dissolved polyester as compared with the solvent system provided in (a)" means that, based on 100% by weight of the polyester contained in the article provided in (a), at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, more preferably at least 70% by weight, more preferably at least 80% by weight, more preferably at least 90% by weight, and more preferably at least 95% by weight of the polyester contained in the article provided in (a) is dissolved in the solvent system. The expression "reduced in polyester and optionally comprising the metal-containing fraction of (ii)" relating to the optionally obtainable polymer blend residue of step (c) means that, based on 100% by weight of the polyester contained in the article provided in (a), ≤50% by weight, preferably ≤40% by weight, more preferably ≤30% by weight, more preferably ≤20% by weight, more preferably ≤10% by weight, and more preferably ≤5% by weight of the polyester contained in the material provided in (a) is still present in the residue, and based on 100% by weight of the metal fraction (if present) contained in the article provided in (a), at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, more preferably at least 70% by weight, more preferably at least 80% by weight, more preferably at least 90% by weight, and more preferably at least 95% by weight of the metal fraction (if present) contained in the article provided in (a) is still present in the residue.

[0011] As used in relation to step (d), "solvent system with reduced dissolved polyester" means that, based on 100% by weight of the polyester contained in the solvent system obtained in (c), at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, more preferably at least 70% by weight, more preferably at least 80% by weight, and more preferably at least 90% by weight of the polyester is precipitated and no longer dissolved in the solvent system.

[0012] Metal-containing fraction and / or fraction containing further polymer In some embodiments of the present method, the metal-containing portion and / or the portion containing a further polymer is a closure and / or decorative means, more preferably selected from the group consisting of zippers, ribbons, fasteners, buttons, sequins, patches, hooks, eyelets, grommets, buckles, clasps and two or more mixtures thereof, and more preferably selected from the group consisting of zippers, buttons, sequins and two or more mixtures thereof.

[0013] In some embodiments of this method, the metal of the metal part is selected from the group consisting of brass, silver, nickel silver, aluminum, gold, antique brass, nickel, and mixtures of two or more of these.

[0014] Preferably, the article is (i) polyester and; (ii) a portion containing a further polymer selected from polyacetal, polyvinyl chloride and mixtures thereof, preferably containing at least polyvinyl chloride; Includes.

[0015] Preferably, the portion containing the further polymer is a closure and / or decorative means, more preferably selected from the group consisting of zippers, ribbons, fasteners, buttons, sequins, patches, hooks, eyelets, grommets, buckles, clasps and two or more mixtures thereof, and preferably selected from the group consisting of zippers, buttons, sequins and two or more mixtures thereof. Preferably, the further polymer contains or is PVC, and preferably selected from the group consisting of zippers, ribbons, fasteners, buttons, sequins, patches, hooks, eyelets, grommets, buckles, clasps and two or more mixtures thereof, the closure and / or decorative means contains or is made of PVC.

[0016] In particular, if the portion containing further polymers contains or consists of PVC, this method is advantageous because it allows for the dissolution of PVC from the article at low temperatures below 170°C, thereby avoiding the release of hydrochloric acid (HCl) from PVC that may occur at higher temperatures (see Dietrich Braun, Manfred Thallmaier, Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Symposia, 16, 4, 1967, 2351-2364). Avoiding HCl is preferable because HCl causes the decomposition of polyester. Furthermore, this method also allows for the quantitative separation of PVC from polyester. Maintaining the polyester in an undissolved form from the time the PVC is initially dissolved in step (b) until step (c) has the advantage of reducing or even avoiding contamination of the PVC portion when precipitating the polyester. This cannot be avoided if the PVC is dissolved together with the polyester in step (c).

[0017] In some embodiments of this method, the polyacetal portion containing the further polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyoxymethylene homopolymers, polyoxymethylene copolymers, and mixtures of polyoxymethylene homopolymers and polyoxymethylene copolymers, wherein the polyoxymethylene copolymer is preferably a polyoxymethylene in which 0.1 to 1.5% of the -CH2O- groups are replaced by -CH2CH2O- groups.

[0018] In some embodiments of this method, the metal-containing portion and / or the portion containing further polymers are not separated from the polyester (i) of the article between (a) and (b), between (b) and (c), or between (a) and (c) if (b) is not performed (no pretreatment is performed).

[0019] In some embodiments of this method, mechanical pretreatment, more preferably shredding, is not performed between (a) and (b), or, if (b) is not performed, between (a) and (c).

[0020] Second polymer / Third polymer / Colorant / Filler In some embodiments of this method, the article is (iii) further comprising one or more components selected from the group consisting of a second polymer, a third polymer, a colorant, and a filler, The second and third polymers are different from each other and are also different from the polyester of (i) and the further polymer of the portion containing the further polymer of (ii).

[0021] In some embodiments of the present method, the second polymer, and / or colorant if present, the second polymer and / or colorant, is dissolved in an optional step (b), thereby increasing the amount of the second polymer and / or colorant in the resulting solvent system, which is rich in the further polymer dissolved from the portion containing the further polymer of (ii), and the article residue obtained in (b), in which the further polymer is reduced and the article residue containing polyester and optionally the metal-containing portion of the closure and / or decorative means (ii), also has a reduced amount of the second polymer and / or colorant.

[0022] In some embodiments of this method, if a third polymer is present, the third polymer does not dissolve in the optional step (b) and does not dissolve in step (c), thereby the article residue obtained in (b) having further polymer reduced and containing polyester and optionally the metal-containing portion of (ii) also contains the third polymer; preferably, the article residue obtained in (c) having reduced polyester and containing the metal-containing portion of (ii) also contains the third polymer.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present method, if a filler is present, the filler is optionally partially or completely dissolved in optionally step (b) and / or optionally partially or completely dissolved in step (c), thereby the article residue obtained in (b) having further polymer reduced and containing polyester and optionally the metal-containing portion of (ii) optionally also containing the filler or a portion of the filler; preferably, the article residue obtained in (c) having reduced polyester and optionally containing the metal-containing portion of (ii) optionally also containing the filler or a portion of the filler.

[0024] The expression “(optionally) partially or completely dissolves” relating to the filler in step (b) and / or (c), and the expression “(optionally) contains the filler or a portion of the filler” relating to the residue obtained in (b) and / or (c), means that if the polymer blend provided in (a) contains a filler soluble in the solvent system at temperature T1, then in (b), the soluble filler is also dissolved in the further polymer-rich solvent of (ii) that is dissolved. If the article provided in (a) contains not only a filler soluble at T1 but also a filler insoluble in the solvent system at temperature T2, then the insoluble filler remains in the article residue obtained in (c), which is a reduced polyester residue containing the metal-containing portion of (ii). If the article provided in (a) contains only a filler soluble in the solvent system at temperature T1, then no filler remains in the residue obtained in (b), and therefore no filler remains in the residue obtained in (c). If the particles provided in (a) contain only fillers that are insoluble in the solvent system at temperature T2, all fillers remain in the article residue obtained in (b) and also remain in the residue obtained in (c). The same applies to the terms “reduced” and “rich” as used in relation to the second polymer, the third polymer and the fillers, as outlined above. With respect to the optional step (b), “rich in colorants” in relation to colorants means that at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, more preferably at least 70% by weight, more preferably at least 80% by weight, more preferably at least 90% by weight, and more preferably at least 95% by weight of the colorants contained in the polyester of the material provided in (a), if present, are dissolved in the solvent system, with 100% by weight of the colorants contained in the polyester of the material provided in (a), if present.The “reduction of colorants” in relation to the residue obtained (optionally) in (b) means that, with the colorants contained in the polyester in the material provided in (a) (if present) being 100% by weight, ≤50% by weight, preferably ≤40% by weight, more preferably ≤30% by weight, more preferably ≤20% by weight, more preferably ≤10% by weight, and more preferably ≤5% by weight of the colorants contained in the polyester in the material provided in (a) (if present) still remain in the residue. This means that the colorants contained in polyester (i) are removed relatively easily in step (c), i.e., they dissolve together with the polyester in the solvent system in step (c), whereas the colorants contained in the third polymer (if present) do not dissolve easily and rather mostly remain in the third polymer, and therefore also remain in the residue containing the third polymer.

[0025] In some embodiments of this method, the article is a textile article, preferably a bag or clothing or part of a bag or clothing, the clothing is preferably selected from the group consisting of swimwear, shirts, trousers, pullovers, blouses, underwear, short socks, jackets, skirts, tops, sweaters, shorts, overalls, coveralls, jumpsuits, rompers, suits, pajamas, lingerie, coats, gloves and vests; the bag is preferably selected from the group consisting of waist bags, backpacks, bags, pouches and suitcases.

[0026] In some embodiments of this method, the article is selected from the group consisting of toys, sporting goods, outdoor goods, or articles combining these. Examples of toys include balls or air mattresses. Examples of outdoor goods include camping stools, and examples of sporting goods include paddles.

[0027] Intermediate step In some embodiments, the method is performed after (b) and before (c) if (b) is performed. (u) Separate the solvent system rich in the further polymer of (ii) that is dissolved from the article residue containing the polyester provided in (a) with the further polymer reduced. This involves obtaining a separated solvent that is further rich in polymers, and a separated article residue in which the further polymers are reduced and which contains polyester.

[0028] The separation in (u) is preferably carried out by methods and means known to those skilled in the art, in particular by solid-liquid separation methods, such as filtration, such as heat-pressure filtration, sedimentation or centrifugation (see Handbuch der mechanischen Fest-Fluessig-Trennung Taschenbuch - 29.April 2004 von Klaus Luckert (Herausgeber)).

[0029] In some embodiments, the method is performed after (b) and before (c) if (b) is carried out: (v)(b) Wash the article residue obtained in (v)(b) with a washing solvent to obtain a washing residue in which the further polymer is reduced and which contains the polyester provided in (a) and optionally the metal-containing portion of (ii); (w) Optionally, dry the washing residue obtained in (v); Includes.

[0030] In some embodiments, the method is performed after (b), preferably after (u), and before (c), if (b) is carried out: (v)(b) or (u) is washed with a washing solvent to obtain a washing residue in which the further polymer is reduced and which contains the polyester provided in (a); (w) Optionally, dry the washing residue obtained in (v); Includes.

[0031] The washing in the optional step (v) is preferably carried out using a solvent system having the features (s.1), (s.2), and (s.3) as defined herein, preferably a solvent system comprising one or more solvents from any one group as defined herein. Preferably, the washing in the optional step (v) is carried out using the same solvent system as the one used in (b). In some embodiments, the washing is carried out using a solvent selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, acetone, water, or mixtures of two or more of these solvents. In some embodiments, the washing in the optional step (v) is carried out using a solvent selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, acetone, water, GVL, or mixtures of two or more of these solvents. Drying in the optional step (w) is preferably carried out under one or more conditions selected from the group consisting of: a pressure in the range of 1 to 10¹³ mbar; a temperature in the range of 50 to 210°C, preferably in the range of 60 to 180°C, more preferably in the range of 80 to 160°C; a drying time in the range of 30 minutes to 24 hours; and drying in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere, preferably an atmosphere in which nitrogen is at least 90 vol%, more preferably 95 vol%, more preferably at least 98 vol%. Drying is carried out by one or more methods selected from the group consisting of contact drying, convection drying, and radiation drying. Contact in step (c) is then carried out using the residue obtained in (b) that has been washed (and optionally dried).

[0032] In some embodiments, if residue is present, the method is performed after (c) and before step (d). The solvent system obtained in (x.1)(c) is rich in soluble polyester, Furthermore, the solvent system optionally containing filler or a portion of filler is separated from the polymer blend residue, and this separation is preferably carried out by thermal filtration, more preferably by thermal filtration at a temperature T3 in the range of T2-20°C to T2+20°C (T3=T2±20°C), more preferably by thermal filtration at a temperature T3 in the range of T2-10°C to T2+10°C (T3=T2±10°C), thereby obtaining a solvent system rich in dissolved polyester and optionally containing filler or a portion of filler, and a separated residue; (x.2) Optionally, the separated polymer blend residue obtained in (x.1) is brought into contact with a solvent system, preferably at the temperature T3 defined above in (x.1), and then filtered, preferably by heating and filtering at the temperature T3 defined above in (x.1), thereby obtaining a polymer blend residue in which polyester is further reduced and which contains one or more of the third polymer, fillers, or parts of fillers; and a solvent system containing an additional amount of polyester and optionally containing fillers or parts of fillers; (x.3) optionally combine the solvent system obtained in (x.2), which contains an additional amount of polyester and optionally contains filler or a portion of filler, with the solvent system separated in (x.1), which is rich in soluble polyester and optionally contains filler or a portion of filler; Includes, Precipitation in (d) is carried out using the separated solvent system obtained in (x.1) or the combined solvent system obtained in (x.3).

[0033] In thermal filtration, the solution, filter, and funnel are heated, preferably to a temperature T3. Other means and methods, such as non-thermal filtration, for performing the separation in (x.1) are also known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, thermal filtration is preferably performed at a pressure of ≥1 bar, more preferably in the range of 1 bar to 30 bar, more preferably in the range of 1 to 10 bar, and more preferably in the range of 1 to 6 bar (thermal pressure filtration). Preferably, the filter used in thermal filtration is stable in each solvent system under each condition and does not dissolve or decompose in particular. For example, the filter may be made of polyether ether ketone.

[0034] Preferably, the contact in (x.2) is carried out so that the polymer blend residue obtained in (x.1) remains on the filter and comes into contact with the solvent system, particularly if thermal filtration is used in (x.1), and the solvent system obtained in (x.2), which contains residual polyester and optionally fillers or a portion of fillers, is separated by filtration. In some embodiments, the solvent system obtained in (x.2), which contains residual polyester and optionally fillers or a portion of fillers, is combined with the solvent system obtained in (x.1), which is rich in soluble polyester and optionally contains fillers or a portion of fillers.

[0035] In some embodiments, the method is modified after (d), The precipitated polyester obtained in (y.1)(d) is separated from a solvent system in which the dissolved polyester is reduced and which optionally contains filler or a portion of filler, thereby obtaining the precipitated polyester and a solvent system in which the dissolved polyester is reduced and which optionally contains filler or a portion of filler; (y.2) Optionally, wash the precipitated polyester obtained in (y.1); (y.3) The precipitated polyester obtained in (y.1) or the washed precipitated polyester obtained in (y.2) is dried to obtain dried (washed) precipitated polyester; Includes.

[0036] The separation in (y.1) is carried out by methods and means known to those skilled in the art, in particular by solid-liquid separation methods, such as filtration, such as heat-pressure filtration, sedimentation or centrifugation (see Handbuch der mechanischen Fest-Fluessig-Trennung Taschenbuch - 29.April 2004 von Klaus Luckert (Herausgeber)). The washing in the optional step (y.1) is preferably carried out using a solvent system having the features (s.1), (s.2) and (s.3) as defined herein, preferably a solvent system comprising one or more solvents from any one group as defined herein. In some embodiments, subsequent washing of the washing residue is carried out using a solvent selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, acetone, water, or a mixture of two or more of these solvents, or using a solvent selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, acetone, water, GVL, or a mixture of two or more of these solvents. In some embodiments, the washing in (y.2) is preferably carried out using a solvent system having the features (s.1), (s.2), and (s.3) as defined herein, preferably a solvent system containing one or more solvents from any one of the groups defined herein. In some embodiments, subsequent washing of the washing residue is performed using a solvent selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, acetone, water, or a mixture of two or more of these solvents, or using a solvent selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, acetone, water, GVL, or a mixture of two or more of these solvents.The drying in step (y.3) is preferably carried out under one or more conditions selected from the group consisting of: a pressure in the range of 1 to 10¹³ mbar; a temperature in the range of 50 to 210°C, preferably in the range of 60 to 180°C, more preferably in the range of 80 to 160°C; a drying time in the range of 30 minutes to 24 hours; and drying in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere, preferably an atmosphere in which nitrogen is at least 90% by volume, more preferably 95% by volume, more preferably at least 98% by volume. The drying is carried out by one or more methods selected from the group consisting of contact drying, convection drying, and radiation drying.

[0037] In some embodiments, this method This includes pelletizing the dried (washed) precipitated polyester obtained in (y.4) and (y.3), thereby obtaining pelletized polyester.

[0038] "Pelletization" is the process of compressing or molding a material into a pellet shape. Pelletization can be carried out, as is known in the art, for example, by extruding the material into water and then pelletizing it, or by granulating strands.

[0039] In some embodiments, the method is performed after (d), or after (y.3), or after (y.4), preferably after (y.3) or (y.4), This includes increasing the intrinsic viscosity of the precipitated polyester obtained in (z)(d), or the dried (washed) precipitated polyester obtained in (y.3), or the pelletized polyester obtained in (y.4).

[0040] The increase in intrinsic viscosity due to (z) is performed in the solid state and / or when at least a portion of the precipitated polyester is molten, and the molecular weight of the polyester can be increased by increasing the intrinsic viscosity.

[0041] The increase in intrinsic viscosity is preferably carried out at a temperature in the range of 200 to 230°C, more preferably in the range of 200 to 220°C; and / or for a period of time in the range of 1 to 80 hours, more preferably in the range of 10 to 50 hours; and / or at a pressure in the range of 5 to 1013 mbar.

[0042] (d) Precipitation - Cooling In some embodiments of the present method, the precipitation in (d) includes cooling the solvent system obtained in (c), in which the amount of dissolved polyester has increased compared to the solvent system provided in (a), from T2 to a temperature of less than 140°C, wherein the temperature of the solvent system rich in dissolved polyester is within the range of 160 to 145°C for a period of at least 5 minutes, preferably at least 10 minutes, more preferably in the range of 5 to 120 minutes, more preferably in the range of 10 to 100 minutes, and more preferably in the range of 15 to 100 minutes.

[0043] In some embodiments of this method, the cooling in (d) is performed such that the viscosity of the solvent system rich in dissolved polyester, as determined according to DIN EN ISO 2555 (2018-09), is in the range of 1 to 12 Pa·s, more preferably 1 to 10 Pa·s, at a temperature range of 160 to 145°C.

[0044] In some embodiments of this method, cooling is performed at a cooling rate of ≤3.0°C / min, more preferably ≤1.5°C / min, more preferably in the range of 0.05 to 3.0°C / min, more preferably in the range of 0.13 to 3.0°C / min, more preferably in the range of 0.15 to 1.5°C / min, and more preferably in the range of 0.15 to 1.0°C / min.

[0045] In some embodiments of this method, the cooling of the solvent system in (d) is performed from T2 to a temperature of less than 100°C.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present method, the cooling of the solvent system in (d) is carried out from T2 to a temperature below 100°C at a cooling rate of ≦3.0°C / min, preferably ≦1.5°C / min, more preferably in the range of 0.05 to 3.0°C / min, more preferably in the range of 0.13 to 3.0°C / min, more preferably in the range of 0.15 to 1.5°C / min, more preferably in the range of 0.15 to 1.0°C / min.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present method, the cooling of the solvent system in (d) is performed without adding a poor solvent. A "poor solvent" is a solvent in which the solubility of the polyester at a temperature in the range of 20 to 25°C is <1 g / kg. In some embodiments, a very small amount of one or more poor solvents is added to and / or present in the solvent system in (d), and the small amount means that based on 100% by weight of the total weight of the solvent system including the poor solvent, less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 4% by weight, more preferably less than 3% by weight, more preferably less than 2% by weight, more preferably less than 1% by weight of the poor solvent is added and / or present.

[0048] Solvent system In some embodiments of the present method, the solvent system comprises one or more solvents, (s.1) The solvent system has - Energy from intermolecular dispersion forces (δD ss ), - Energy from intermolecular dipole interactions (δP ss ) and - Energy from intermolecular hydrogen bonds (δH ss ) Hansen solubility parameters related to satisfy Formula 1: (8.8) 2 ≧4(δD ss -20) 2 +(δP ss -11.8) 2 +(δH ss -4.5) 2 [Formula 1]; (s.2) The boiling point of each solvent in the solvent system at 1013 hPa is at least 160°C; (s.3) Solvents having a functional group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl (OH), amino (NH2), carboxyl (COOH), and thiol (SH) are excluded.

[0049] The boiling point of a solvent is understood as the boiling point of the solvent at each pressure. 4(δD ss -20) 2 +( δP ss -11.8) 2 +(δH ss -4.5) 2 (8.8) 2 Any solvent system with a coefficient greater than 77.44 is not suitable for properly dissolving polyalkylene terephthalate polymers, and 4(δD ss -20) 2 +( δP ss -11.8) 2 +(δH ss -4.5) 2 (8.8) 2 Any solvent system with a δD of 77.44 or less (i.e., 77.44) is suitable for dissolving polyalkylene terephthalate polymers. When two or more solvents, i.e., n solvents (where n is an integer n≧2 and i=1…n) are part of the solvent system, the δD of the resulting mixture is ss δH ss and δP ss The Hansen solubility parameter for each of the n solvents S(i) is given by the δD of each solvent, given that the percentage proportion of each solvent in the solvent system is known. si δH si and δP si It is calculated as the weighted arithmetic mean. The Hansen parameters of the solvent are described in BIOVIA COSMOquick 2022.

[0050] Considering the three-dimensional shape given by Equation 1 in three-dimensional Hansen space, δD c =20, δP c =11.8 and δH cA sphere is formed with center = 4.5 and radius r = 8.8. According to Charles Hansen, to make it spherical, it is necessary to double the value of the dispersion parameter. The Hansen sphere can also be considered dome-shaped, or hemisphere, because δH cannot take a negative value. The Hansen parameters for PET are given in the HANSEN Solubility Parameters in Practice (HSPiP) 5 th According to Edition 5.1.03 (2008), δD=18.2, δP=6.4, and δH=6.6, indicating that the object lies within the sphere but is not located at the center.

[0051] In some embodiments of this method, at least 90% by weight, more preferably at least 95% by weight, more preferably at least 98% by weight, and more preferably at least 99% by weight of the solvent system consists of one solvent system satisfying formula 1, and when the solvent system consists of only one solvent system, the temperature T is at least 7K lower than the boiling point of the one solvent.

[0052] In some embodiments of this method, at least 90% by weight, more preferably at least 95% by weight, more preferably at least 98% by weight, and more preferably at least 99% by weight of the solvent system consists of two or more solvents, and each mixture satisfies Formula 1.

[0053] In some embodiments of this method, one or more solvents are N,N-dimethylbenzamide, N,N-dimethylphenylacetamide, 1,4-benzoquinone, acetophenone, dimethyl terephthalate, 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene, 2-phenylacetophenone, N-methylcaprolactam, methyl benzoate, 4-methyl methoxybenzoate, butylene carbonate, N-ethylpyrrolidone, benzophenone, dibenzyl malonate, N-ethylcaprolactam, 2-(5-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methyl acetate (FAME), 2-(5-oxotetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl acetate, propiophenone, N-methoxypropylpyrrolidone, 1,4- Cyclohexanedione, cyclohexane carbonate, N-methoxyethylpyrrolidone, N,N-diethylphenylacetamide, phenyl acetate, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyrrolidine-2-one acetate (HEPAc), N,N-diethylbenzamide, isopropyl benzoate, cyclohexylphenyl ketone, ethyl phenyl ester, phenyl acetate, N-methylmorpholine, benzyl propionate, benzyl acetate, neopentyl glycol dibenzoate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate, N-methylimidazole, benzyl butyrate, 2-pyrrolidone, 2-phenoxyethyl propionate (2-phenoxyethanol) Selected from the group consisting of propionate, 2-phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, N,N-dipropylbenzamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-diethylacetamide, dihydrolevoglucocenone (Cyrene), propylene carbonate, caprolactone, dimethylisosorbide, N-butylpyrrolidone, t-butylpyrrolidone, methyl 1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (MMOC), γ-valerolactone (GVL), δ-valerolactone, γ-butyrolactone, methyl 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate (Rhodiasolv Polarclean), caprolactam, phenethyl acetate, methyl phenylacetate, benzyl benzoate, N,N-dimethyllactamide (Agnique AMD 3L), 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).In some embodiments of this method, one or more solvents are selected from the group consisting of dihydrolevoglucocenone (Cyrene), propylene carbonate, caprolactone, dimethyl isosorbide, N-butylpyrrolidone, t-butylpyrrolidone, methyl 1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (MMOC), γ-valerolactone (GVL), δ-valerolactone, γ-butyrolactone, dimethyl sulfoxide, methyl 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate (Rhodiasolv® Polarclean), caprolactam, phenethyl acetate, methyl phenylacetate, benzyl benzoate, phenyl benzoate, methyl benzoate, propyl benzoate, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). In some embodiments of this method, one or more solvents in the solvent system are selected from the group consisting of propylene carbonate, N-butylpyrrolidone, t-butylpyrrolidone, methyl 1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (MMOC), δ-valerolactone, γ-butyrolactone, methyl 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate (Rhodiasolv® Polarclean), caprolactam, phenethyl acetate, methyl phenylacetate, benzyl benzoate, phenyl benzoate, methyl benzoate, propyl benzoate, and GVL. In some embodiments of this method, one or more solvents are selected from the group consisting of propylene carbonate, N-butylpyrrolidone, t-butylpyrrolidone, methyl 1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (MMOC), δ-valerolactone, γ-butyrolactone, methyl 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate (Rhodiasolv® Polarclean), caprolactam, phenethyl acetate, methyl phenylacetate, benzyl benzoate, phenyl benzoate, methyl benzoate, and propyl benzoate.In some embodiments of this method, one or more solvents in the solvent system are selected from the group consisting of propylene carbonate, N-butylpyrrolidone, t-butylpyrrolidone, methyl 1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (MMOC), methyl 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate (Rhodiasolv® Polarclean), phenethyl acetate, and GVL.

[0054] In some embodiments of this method, ethyl benzoate and butyl benzoate are excluded as solvents.

[0055] In some embodiments of this method, (s.3a) Solvents having a functional group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl (OH), amino (NH2), secondary amine (-NH-), carboxyl (COOH), and thiol (SH) are excluded.

[0056] In some embodiments of this method, the solvent system comprises γ-valerolactone, and more preferably, with the total weight of the solvent system being 100% by weight, at least 50% by weight, more preferably at least 60% by weight, more preferably at least 70% by weight, more preferably at least 80% by weight, more preferably at least 90% by weight, more preferably at least 95% by weight, and more preferably at least 99% by weight of the solvent system consists of γ-valerolactone.

[0057] In some embodiments of this method, the same solvent system as in (c) is used in the optional step (b).

[0058] polyester In some embodiments of this method, the polyester is based on 1,4-butanediol or 1,2-ethanediol, more preferably the polyester according to (i) is selected from the group consisting of polymers based on 1,4-butanediol and terephthalic acid (polybutylene terephthalate, PBT), polymers based on 1,2-ethanediol and terephthalic acid (polyethylene terephthalate, PET), copolymers based on 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid (polybutylene adipate-terephthalate, PBAT), polymers based on 1,2-ethanediol and 2,5-franzicarboxylic acid (polyethylene furanoate, PEF), and mixtures of two or more of these (co)polymers, more preferably the polyester comprises at least PET and / or PBT, more preferably the polyester is PET or PBT or a mixture of PET and PBT. More preferably the polyalkylene terephthalate-based polymer comprises or is PET.

[0059] Coloring agents In some embodiments of this method, the colorant is selected from the group consisting of dyes, fluorescent whitening agents, and mixtures of dyes and fluorescent whitening agents.

[0060] A "colorant" is a substance that alters the perceived color of a material. This includes dyes that absorb visible light wavelengths (400-780 nm) and fluorescent brighteners, which enhance the luminescence of a material by absorbing ultraviolet light and emitting visible light (via fluorescence), that is, converting radiation invisible to the human eye (<400 nm) into fluorescent radiation in the blue-to-red visible spectral range (400-600 nm). Colorants that can be used or are used to alter the perceived color of polymer materials are known to those skilled in the art. As used in connection with this invention, "dye" means all kinds of dyes, e.g., dyes, pigments, dispersions, and dyes are one or more selected from the group consisting of, for example, acid dyes, basic dyes, direct dyes, disperse dyes, azo dyes, food dyes, solvent dyes, organic dyes, organic pigments, sulfur dyes, mordant dyes, and vat dyes. The term "optical brightener" includes optical brightening agent, fluorescent brightening agent, and fluorescent whitening agent.

[0061] For an overview of colorants for polymer materials, see, for example, “Dyes and Pigments” Metin Acikyildiz, Kuebra Guenes, Ahmet Guerses Springer, 2016 (ISBN: 10:3319338900); Industrial Organic Pigments - Klaus Hunger, Thomas Heber, Martin U. Schmidt, Friedrich Reisinger, Stefan Wanne Wiley - VCH, 4th edition, 2018 (ISBN: 978-3-527-32608-2); Chemistry and Technology of Natural and Synthetic Dyes and Pigments - Ashis Kumar Samanta, Nasser Awwad, IntechOpen, 2020 (ISBN: 9781789859980, 9781789859973, 9781839687587); Encyclopedia of Color,Dyes,Pigments-Volume 1,Gerhard Pfaff,de Gruyter,2021(ISBN:311058588X);Heinrich Zollinger:Color Chemistry:Syntheses,Properties,and Applications of Organic Dyes and Pigments.3 rdedition.WILEY-VCH Verlag,Weinheim 2003(ISBN:3-906390-23-3);Klaus Hunger(Ed.):Industrial Dyes:Chemistry,Properties,Applications.WILEY-VCH Verlag,Weinheim 2003(ISBN:3-662-01950-7);Hermann Rath:Lehrbuch der Textilchemie.einschl.der textilchemischen Technologie.2nd edition.Springer-Verlag,Berlin,Heidelberg 1963(ISBN:978-3-662-00065-6);Wilfried Kratzert,Rasmus Peichert:Farbstoffe.Quelle & Meyer,Heidelberg It is described in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, 2000 (1981, ISBN: 3-494-01021-8), under the sections “dyes and pigments” and “dyes, general survey” (ISBN: 9783527303854).

[0062] Preferably, in step b), only the colorants non-covalently bonded to the polyester are removed from the polymer blend and transferred to the solvent system.

[0063] Second polymer In some embodiments of this method, the second polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyurethane (PU), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polytetrahydrofuran (pTHF), mixtures of these polymers, and copolymers of these polymers, wherein the second polymer is more preferably PU or a copolymer of PU and PEG and / or pTHF, and more preferably spandex. "Spandex" is preferably a copolymer of polyurethane and polyethylene glycol and / or polytetrahydrofuran, and more preferably spandex is a copolymer of polyurethane and polyethylene glycol or a copolymer of polyurethane and polytetrahydrofuran.

[0064] Third polymer In some embodiments of this method, the third polymer is selected from polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyamide (PA), natural polymers (such as cotton, viscose, and flax), and mixtures of two or more of these. PA preferably includes PA6 and PA66; however, in some embodiments, PA6 is excluded as the third polymer, i.e., if the third polymer is PA, then it is PA66.

[0065] filler In some embodiments of this method, the filler is selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, carbon fibers, carbon black, inorganic salts (e.g., talc, disodium carbonate), adhesives, thickeners, defoamers, finishing agents (e.g., water-repellent / oil-repellent / fouling agents, flame retardants, wrinkle inhibitors, biocides), binders, surfactants (e.g., softeners, scouring agents, antistatic agents), desizing agents, bleaching agents, oxidizing agents, UV shielding agents, emulsifiers, fixing agents, cleaning dispersants, and profiling agents.

[0066] In some embodiments of this method, the polyester includes, preferably PBT, and the filler is one or more selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, carbon fibers, carbon black, inorganic salts (e.g., talc, disodium carbonate), adhesives, thickeners, defoamers, finishing agents (e.g., water-repellent / oil-repellent / fouling agents, flame retardants, wrinkle inhibitors, biocides), binders, surfactants (e.g., softeners, scouring agents, antistatic agents), desizing agents, bleaching agents, oxidizing agents, UV shielding agents, emulsifiers, fixing agents, cleaning dispersants, and shaping agents, and preferably the filler is one or more selected from glass fibers, carbon fibers, carbon black, and inorganic salts (e.g., talc, Na2CO3).

[0067] In some embodiments of this method, the polyester includes, preferably PBT, and the filler is glass fiber, carbon fiber, carbon black, inorganic salt (e.g., talc, disodium carbonate), adhesive, thickener, defoamer, finishing agent (e.g., water-repellent / oil-repellent / fouling agent, flame retardant, wrinkle inhibitor, biocide), binder, surfactant (e.g., softener, scouring agent, antistatic agent), desizing agent, bleaching agent, oxidizing agent, UV shielding agent, The filler is one or more selected from the group consisting of emulsifiers, fixatives, cleaning dispersants, and shaping agents, and preferably, the filler is one or more selected from adhesives, thickeners, defoamers, finishing agents (e.g., water-repellent / oil-repellent / fouling agents, flame retardants, wrinkle inhibitors, biocides), binders, surfactants (e.g., softeners, scouring agents, antistatic agents), desizing agents, bleaching agents, oxidizing agents, UV shielding agents, emulsifiers, fixatives, cleaning dispersants, and shaping agents.

[0068] In some embodiments, the article provided in (a) contains titanium dioxide (TiO2). In these preferred embodiments, the TiO2 is either absent in the precipitated polyester obtained in (d) or present in the precipitated polyester obtained in (d) in an amount ranging from 0.001% to 1.0% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the entire precipitated polyester obtained in (d). In these preferred embodiments, the TiO2 (if present) is also present in the fibers produced in (e).

[0069] Processing conditions In some embodiments of this method, T1 is a temperature in the range of 110 to <170°C, more preferably in the range of 110 to 165°C, more preferably in the range of 120 to 160°C, more preferably in the range of 120 to 150°C, and more preferably in the range of 151 to 160°C.

[0070] In some embodiments of this method, T2 is a temperature in the range of >170°C to 200°C, more preferably in the range of 175°C to 190°C, and more preferably in the range of 180°C to 190°C.

[0071] In some embodiments of this method, (a), optionally (b), (c), and optionally (d) are performed at a pressure in the range of 800 to 200,000 hPa.

[0072] In some embodiments of this method, the contact in (b) is performed for a period of at least 5 minutes, more preferably 5 minutes to 10 hours, more preferably 5 minutes to 5 hours, and more preferably 5 minutes to 4 hours.

[0073] In some embodiments of this method, the contact in (c) is performed for a period of at least 0.1 hours, more preferably in the range of 1 minute to 10 hours, more preferably in the range of 1 minute to 2 hours, and more preferably in the range of 5 minutes to 1 hour.

[0074] In some embodiments of this method, the contact in (b) and / or (c) is carried out such that the mass-based ratio of the polymer blend provided in solvent system (a) or the residue obtained in (b) is in the range of 1:1 to 100:1, more preferably 1:1 to 20:1.

[0075] In some embodiments of this method, at least steps (b) and (c), more preferably all steps, are carried out in an inert atmosphere, more preferably in the presence of an inert gas, the inert gas being preferably selected from the group consisting of argon, helium, neon, nitrogen, and mixtures of two or more of these inert gases, preferably including at least nitrogen, and more preferably the inert gas being nitrogen.

[0076] In some embodiments of this method, at least steps (b) and (c), and more preferably all steps, are performed batch or sequentially.

[0077] In some embodiments, this method (I) To provide polyester obtained from step (d), (y.1), (y.2), (y.3), (y.4), or (z), preferably polyester obtained from step (y.3), (y.4), or (z); (II)(I) To manufacture food packaging materials, beverage packaging materials, clothing, footwear, wires or cables from the polyester provided in (II); Includes.

[0078] Second aspect - Polyester A second aspect of the present invention relates to polyester obtained or obtainable from the process of the first aspect, more preferably from step (d), (y.1), (y.2), (y.3), y(.4), or (z), more preferably from step (y.3), (y.4), or (z). All details, embodiments and preferred embodiments disclosed above in the section relating to the first aspect also apply to the second aspect.

[0079] Third aspect - Use In a third embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of the polyester of the second embodiment for textile applications, textile applications, packaging applications, plastic applications, automotive applications, and electronic applications, preferably for manufacturing food packaging materials, beverage packaging materials, clothing, footwear, wires, and cables, preferably for textile applications, textile applications, packaging applications, and plastic applications, and more preferably for manufacturing food packaging materials, beverage packaging materials, clothing, and footwear. All details, embodiments and preferred embodiments disclosed above in the sections relating to the first embodiment or the second embodiment also apply to the third embodiment.

[0080] Fourth aspect - Method for producing a product A fourth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a product, (I) To provide a polyester in a second embodiment; (II)(I) To manufacture textile products, fibers, packaging materials, plastics, automotive parts, and electronic components from the polyester provided in (II); This applies to methods that include [specific methods].

[0081] All details, embodiments and preferred embodiments disclosed above in the sections relating to the first or second aspect also apply to the fourth aspect.

[0082] Preferably, in (II), - Parts of a vehicle; preferably, cylinder head cover, engine cover, housing for charge air cooler, charge air cooler on / off valve, intake pipe, intake manifold, connector, gear, impeller, coolant box, housing, housing components for heat exchanger, coolant cooler, charge air cooler, thermostat, water pump, radiator, fastening components, components of the battery system for electromobility, dashboard, steering column switch, seat, headrest, center console, power transmission components, door module, A, B, C or D pillar cover of the vehicle, spoiler, door handle, outer mirror, front wiper, front wiper protective housing, decorative grille, cover strip, roof rail, window frame, sunroof frame, antenna panel, headlights and taillights, engine cover, cylinder head cover, intake manifold, airbag, cushion or coating; - Clothing; preferably shirts, trousers, pullovers, boots, shoes, soles, tights, or jackets; - Electrical components; preferably, passive or active electrical or electronic components, circuit boards, printed circuit boards, housing components, foil, wiring, switches, plugs, sockets, distributors, relays, resistors, capacitors, inductors, bobbins, lamps, diodes, LEDs, transistors, connectors, regulators, integrated circuits (ICs), processors, controllers, memory, sensors, microswitches, microbuttons, semiconductors, reflector housings for light-emitting diodes (LEDs), fasteners for electrical or electronic components, spacers, bolts, strips, sliding guides, screws, nuts, film hinges, snap hooks (snap-ins) or spring tabs; - Consumer products, agricultural products, or pharmaceuticals; preferably tennis strings, climbing ropes, brush bristles, brushes, artificial turf, 3D printer filaments, lawnmowers, zippers, hook-and-loop fasteners, papermaking fabrics, extruded coatings, fishing lines, fishing nets, rigging lines and ropes, vials, syringes, ampoules, bottles, sliding elements, spindle nuts, chain conveyors, plain bearings, rollers, wheels, gears, rollers, ring gears, screws and spring dampers, hoses, pipelines, cable sheaths, sockets, switches, cable ties, impellers, carpets, cosmetic boxes or bottles, mattresses, cushions, insulation materials, detergents, dishwasher tablets or powders, shampoos, body washes, shower gels, soaps, fertilizers, fungicides or insecticides; - Packaging materials for the food industry; preferably single-layer or multi-layer blown film, cast film (single-layer or multi-layer), biaxially oriented film or laminate film; or - Part of a structure; preferably, rotor blades, insulation, frame, housing, wall, coating or partition It is created.

[0083] All details, embodiments, and preferred embodiments disclosed above in the sections relating to the first to third embodiments also apply to the fourth embodiment.

[0084] Fifth aspect - A method focusing on obtaining a separation fraction containing a further polymer and optionally a second polymer. A fifth aspect of the present invention is (b): (b.1) To bring an article into contact with a solvent system at a temperature T1 below 170°C, thereby obtaining a solvent system rich in a further polymer of (ii) that is dissolved, optionally a colorant, optionally a second polymer, and optionally a filler or a portion of a filler; and an article residue in which the further polymer, optionally a colorant, optionally a second polymer, and optionally a filler or a portion of a filler are reduced, and which contains polyester, optionally a metal-containing portion of (ii), optionally a filler or a portion of a filler, and optionally a third polymer; (b.2) The solvent system obtained in (b.1), which is dissolved in (ii), optionally a colorant, optionally a second polymer, and optionally a filler or a solvent system rich in a portion of the filler, is separated from the residue, preferably by a physical separation method, thereby obtaining a separated solvent system which is dissolved in (ii), optionally a colorant, optionally a second polymer, and optionally a solvent system rich in a portion of the filler, compared to the solvent system provided in (a); (b.3) Separating at least the further polymer of (ii) and optionally the second polymer from the solvent system to obtain a separated fraction containing the further polymer of (ii) and optionally the second polymer; The present invention relates to a method of the first embodiment, including the following:

[0085] All details, embodiments and preferred embodiments disclosed above in the sections relating to the first to fourth embodiments also apply to the fifth embodiment.

[0086] Sixth aspect - Conversion of the polyester obtained again A sixth aspect is a method according to the first or fifth aspect, further comprising: - A step of obtaining a polymer product by using the polyester obtained again by the first or fifth (firth) method; This includes methods.

[0087] All details, embodiments and preferred embodiments disclosed above in the sections relating to the first to fifth embodiments also apply to the sixth embodiment.

[0088] Seventh aspect - A method focusing on residue conversion The seventh aspect is preferably a method according to the first or fifth aspect: - A residue that can be obtained or obtained by the method of the first or fifth embodiment, preferably a residue obtained or obtainable by step (d), more preferably a residue containing at least the third polymer that can be obtained or obtained by the method of the first or fifth embodiment, preferably a residue containing at least the third polymer obtained or obtainable by step (d), or by converting the further polymer of (ii) obtained in (b.3) and optionally the second polymer, Further steps to obtain one or more monomers, polymers, or polymer products; This includes methods.

[0089] All details, embodiments and preferred embodiments disclosed above in the sections relating to the first to sixth aspects also apply to the seventh aspect.

[0090] Preferably, the monomer is a di- or polyol; more preferably a butanediol; aldehyde; preferably formaldehyde; di- or polyisocyanate; preferably methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), polymeric methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), hexamethylenediisocyanate (HDI), or isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI); amide; preferably caprolactam; alkene; preferably styrene, ethene, and norbornene; alkyne, (di)ester; preferably methyl methacrylate; monobasic or dibasic acid; preferably adipic acid or terephthalic acid; diamine; preferably hexamethylenediamine, nonanediamine; or sulfone; preferably 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone.

[0091] Preferably, the polymers are as follows, and / or the polymer products include as follows: polyamide (PA); preferably PA6 or PA66; polyisocyanate polyaddition products; preferably polyurethane (PU), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyurea or polyisocyanurate (PIR); low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polystyrene (PS), polyacrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polystyrene acrylonitrile (SAN), polyacrylate styrene acrylonitrile (ASA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polybutadiene (BR, PBD), poly(cis- 1,4-isoprene), poly(trans-1,4-isoprene), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT), polyester (PES), polyethersulfone (PESU), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), poly-3-hydroxybutyric acid (P3HB), poly-4-hydroxybutyric acid (P4HB), polyhydroxyvaleric acid (PHV), polyhydroxyhexanoic acid (PHH), polyhydroxyoctanoic acid (PHO), polylactic acid (PLA), polysulfone (PSU), polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU), polycarbonate (PC), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO), poly(p-phenylene ether) (PPE); or copolymers or mixtures thereof.

[0092] Preferably, the polymer and / or polymer product is: - Parts of a vehicle; preferably, cylinder head cover, engine cover, housing for charge air cooler, charge air cooler on / off valve, intake pipe, intake manifold, connector, gear, impeller, coolant box, housing, housing components for heat exchanger, coolant cooler, charge air cooler, thermostat, water pump, radiator, fastening components, components of the battery system for electromobility, dashboard, steering column switch, seat, headrest, center console, power transmission components, door module, A, B, C or D pillar cover of the vehicle, spoiler, door handle, outer mirror, front wiper, front wiper protective housing, decorative grille, cover strip, roof rail, window frame, sunroof frame, antenna panel, headlights and taillights, engine cover, cylinder head cover, intake manifold, airbag, cushion or coating; - Clothing; preferably shirts, trousers, pullovers, boots, shoes, soles, tights, or jackets; - Electrical components; preferably, passive or active electrical or electronic components, circuit boards, printed circuit boards, housing components, foil, wiring, switches, plugs, sockets, distributors, relays, resistors, capacitors, inductors, bobbins, lamps, diodes, LEDs, transistors, connectors, regulators, integrated circuits (ICs), processors, controllers, memory, sensors, microswitches, microbuttons, semiconductors, reflector housings for light-emitting diodes (LEDs), fasteners for electrical or electronic components, spacers, bolts, strips, sliding guides, screws, nuts, film hinges, snap hooks (snap-ins) or spring tabs; - Consumer products, agricultural products, or pharmaceuticals; preferably tennis strings, climbing ropes, brush bristles, brushes, artificial turf, 3D printer filaments, lawnmowers, zippers, hook-and-loop fasteners, papermaking fabrics, extruded coatings, fishing lines, fishing nets, rigging lines and ropes, vials, syringes, ampoules, bottles, sliding elements, spindle nuts, chain conveyors, plain bearings, rollers, wheels, gears, rollers, ring gears, screws and spring dampers, hoses, pipelines, cable sheaths, sockets, switches, cable ties, impellers, carpets, cosmetic boxes or bottles, mattresses, cushions, insulation materials, detergents, dishwasher tablets or powders, shampoos, body washes, shower gels, soaps, fertilizers, fungicides or insecticides; - Packaging materials for the food industry; preferably single-layer or multi-layer blown film, cast film (single-layer or multi-layer), biaxially oriented film or laminate film; or - Part of a structure; preferably, rotor blades, insulation, frame, housing, wall, coating, or partition; It is either or a part of it.

[0093] Preferably, the content of the third polymer and / or further polymer and / or second polymer in the monomer, polymer and / or polymer product is 1% by weight or more, preferably 2% by weight or more, more preferably 5% by weight or more, more preferably 15% by weight or more, more preferably 30% by weight or more, more preferably 40% by weight or more, more preferably 60% by weight or more, more preferably 80% by weight or more, more preferably 90% by weight or more, more preferably 95% by weight or more; and / or The content of the third polymer and / or further polymer and / or second polymer in the monomer, polymer and / or polymer product is 100% by weight or less, preferably 95% by weight or less, more preferably 90% by weight or less, more preferably 50% by weight or less, more preferably 25% by weight or less, and more preferably 10% by weight or less; and Preferably, this content is determined based on a management chain model involving identity preservation and / or segregation and / or mass balance and / or book-and-claims, preferably based on mass balance, and preferably based on the standards of the International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC).

[0094] The present invention is further illustrated by the following series of embodiments and combinations of embodiments indicated by dependencies and backreferences. In particular, it should be noted that in each case where the scope of an embodiment is referred to, for example, in the context in which expressions such as "the method of any one of Embodiments 1 to 4" are used, it means that all embodiments within this scope are expressly disclosed to those skilled in the art. That is, those skilled in the art should understand that this wording is synonymous with "the method of any one of Embodiments 1, 2, 3, and 4." Furthermore, it is explicitly stated that the following series of embodiments represent a well-organized portion of the general description of preferred aspects of the present invention and therefore adequately support the claims of the present invention, but do not represent the claims of the present invention.

[0095] 1. (i) polyester and; (ii) A portion containing a metal and / or a portion containing a further polymer selected from polyacetal, polyvinyl chloride and mixtures thereof; A method for recovering polyester from articles containing: (a) Providing articles and providing solvent systems; (b) optionally, the article is brought into contact with a solvent system at a temperature T1 below 170°C to obtain a solvent system rich in the further polymer of (ii) that is dissolved, and an article residue in which the further polymer is reduced and which contains polyester and optionally the metal-containing portion of (ii); (c) The article provided in (a) or optionally the article residue obtained in (b) is brought into contact with the solvent system at a temperature T2 above 170°C, thereby obtaining a solvent system richer in soluble polyester compared to the solvent system provided in (a), and optionally, an article residue with reduced polyester and containing the metal-containing portion of (ii); (d)(c) Precipitate the polyester from the solvent system rich in soluble polyester obtained in (d)(c), thereby obtaining precipitated polyester and a solvent system with reduced soluble polyester; A method that includes this. 2. The method according to Embodiment 1, wherein the metal-containing portion and / or the further polymer-containing portion is a closure and / or decorative means, preferably selected from the group consisting of zippers, ribbons, fasteners, buttons, sequins, patches, hooks, eyelets, grommets, buckles, clasps and two or more mixtures thereof, and preferably selected from the group consisting of zippers, buttons, sequins and two or more mixtures thereof. 3. The method according to Embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the metal of the metal part is selected from the group consisting of brass, silver, nickel silver, aluminum, gold, antique brass, nickel, and mixtures of two or more of these. 4. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the polyacetal portion containing the further polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyoxymethylene homopolymer, polyoxymethylene copolymer, and a mixture of polyoxymethylene homopolymer and polyoxymethylene copolymer, and the polyoxymethylene copolymer is preferably a polyoxymethylene in which 0.1 to 1.5% of the -CH2O- groups are replaced by -CH2CH2O- groups. 5. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 4, wherein, between (a) and (b), between (b) and (c), and, if (b) is not performed, between (a) and (c), no separation of the metal-containing portion and / or the portion containing further polymer is performed from the polyester (i) of the article (no pretreatment is performed). 6. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 5, wherein no mechanical pretreatment, preferably shredding, is performed between (a) and (b), or between (a) and (c) if (b) is not performed. 7. The goods are, (iii) further comprising one or more components selected from the group consisting of a second polymer, a third polymer, a colorant, and a filler, The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 6, wherein the second polymer and the third polymer are different from each other and are also different from the polyester of (i) and the further polymer of the portion containing the further polymer of (ii). 8. The method according to Embodiment 7, wherein the second polymer and / or colorant, if present, is dissolved in an optional step (b), thereby the solvent system obtained, which is rich in the further polymer dissolved from the portion containing the further polymer of (ii), and the article residue obtained in (b), wherein the further polymer is reduced and the article residue containing polyester and optionally the metal-containing portion of the closure and / or decorative means (ii), also has a reduced amount of the second polymer and / or colorant. 9. The method according to Embodiment 7 or 8, wherein, if a third polymer is present, the third polymer does not dissolve in the optional step (b) and does not dissolve in step (c), and thereby the article residue obtained in (b) with further polymer reduction and containing polyester and optionally the metal-containing portion of (ii) also contains the third polymer; preferably, the article residue obtained in (c) with reduced polyester and containing the metal-containing portion of (ii) also contains the third polymer. 10. Where a filler is present, the filler is optionally partially or completely dissolved in optionally step (b) and / or optionally partially or completely dissolved in step (c), thereby the article residue obtained in (b) having further polymer reduced and containing polyester and optionally the metal-containing portion of (ii) optionally also containing the filler or a portion of the filler; preferably, the article residue obtained in (c) having reduced polyester and optionally containing the metal-containing portion of (ii) optionally also containing the filler or a portion of the filler, according to any one of Embodiments 7 to 9. 11. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 10, wherein the article is a textile article, preferably a bag or clothing or part of a bag or clothing, and the clothing is preferably selected from the group consisting of swimwear, shirts, trousers, pullovers, blouses, underwear, short socks, jackets, skirts, tops, sweaters, shorts, overalls, coveralls, jumpsuits, rompers, suits, pajamas, lingerie, coats, gloves and vests; the bag is preferably selected from the group consisting of waist bags, backpacks, bags, pouches and suitcases. 12. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 11, wherein the article is selected from the group consisting of toys, sports equipment, outdoor equipment, or a combination thereof. 13. If (b) is implemented, after (b) and before (c): (v)(b) Wash the article residue obtained in (v)(b) with a washing solvent to obtain a washing residue in which the further polymer is reduced and which contains the polyester provided in (a) and optionally the metal-containing portion of (ii); (w) Optionally, dry the washing residue obtained in (v); The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 12, including the method described above. 14. If residue is present, after (c) and before step (d), The solvent system obtained in (x.1)(c) is rich in soluble polyester, Furthermore, the solvent system optionally containing filler or a portion of filler is separated from the polymer blend residue, and this separation is preferably carried out by thermal filtration, more preferably by thermal filtration at a temperature T3 in the range of T2-20°C to T2+20°C (T3=T2±20°C), more preferably by thermal filtration at a temperature T3 in the range of T2-10°C to T2+10°C (T3=T2±10°C), thereby obtaining a solvent system rich in dissolved polyester and optionally containing filler or a portion of filler, and a separated residue; (x.2) Optionally, the separated polymer blend residue obtained in (x.1) is brought into contact with a solvent system, preferably at the temperature T3 defined above in (x.1), and then filtered, preferably by heating and filtering at the temperature T3 defined above in (x.1), thereby obtaining a polymer blend residue in which polyester is further reduced and which contains one or more of the third polymer, fillers, or parts of fillers; and a solvent system containing an additional amount of polyester and optionally containing fillers or parts of fillers; (x.3) optionally combine the solvent system obtained in (x.2), which contains an additional amount of polyester and optionally contains filler or a portion of filler, with the solvent system separated in (x.1), which is rich in soluble polyester and optionally contains filler or a portion of filler; Includes, The precipitation in (d) is carried out using the separated solvent system obtained in (x.1) or the combined solvent system obtained in (x.3), according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 13. 15. After (d), The precipitated polyester obtained in (y.1)(d) is separated from a solvent system in which the dissolved polyester is reduced and which optionally contains filler or a portion of filler, thereby obtaining the precipitated polyester and a solvent system in which the dissolved polyester is reduced and which optionally contains filler or a portion of filler; (y.2) Optionally, wash the precipitated polyester obtained in (y.1); (y.3) The precipitated polyester obtained in (y.1) or the washed precipitated polyester obtained in (y.2) is dried to obtain dried (washed) precipitated polyester; (y.4) Optionally, the dried (washed) precipitated polyester obtained in (y.3) is pelletized to obtain pelletized polyester; The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 14, including the method described above. 16. After (d), or after (y.3), or after (y.4), preferably after (y.3) or after (y.4), The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 15, comprising increasing the intrinsic viscosity of the precipitated polyester obtained in (z)(d), or the dried (washed) precipitated polyester obtained in (y.3), or the pelletized polyester obtained in (y.4). The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 16, wherein the precipitation in 17.(d) comprises cooling the solvent system obtained in (c), in which the amount of dissolved polyester has increased compared to the solvent system provided in (a), to a temperature of less than 140°C from T2, wherein the cooling is carried out so that the temperature of the solvent system rich in dissolved polyester is within the range of 160 to 145°C for a period of at least 5 minutes, preferably at least 10 minutes, more preferably in the range of 5 to 120 minutes, more preferably in the range of 10 to 100 minutes, and more preferably in the range of 15 to 100 minutes. The method according to Embodiment 17, wherein the cooling in 18.(d) is carried out so that the viscosity of the solvent system rich in dissolved polyester, determined according to DIN EN ISO 2555 (2018-09), is in the range of 1 to 12 Pa·s, preferably 1 to 10 Pa·s, in the temperature range of 160 to 145°C. 19. The method according to Embodiment 17 or 18, wherein cooling is performed at a cooling rate of ≤3.0°C / min, preferably ≤1.5°C / min, more preferably in the range of 0.05 to 3.0°C / min, more preferably in the range of 0.13 to 3.0°C / min, more preferably in the range of 0.15 to 1.5°C / min, and more preferably in the range of 0.15 to 1.0°C / min. The method according to any one of Embodiments 17 to 19, wherein the cooling of the solvent system in 20.(d) is carried out from T2 to a temperature of less than 100°C. The method according to any one of Embodiments 17 to 20, wherein the cooling of the solvent system in 21.(d) is performed without adding a poor solvent. 22. The solvent system contains one or more types of solvents. (s.1) The solvent system is, - Energy due to intermolecular dispersion forces (δD ss ), - Energy due to intermolecular dipole interactions (δP ss ) and - Energy due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding (δH ss ) The Hansen solubility parameter for this is given by Equation 1: (8.8) 2 ≥4(δD ss -20) 2 +( δP ss -11.8) 2 +(δH ss -4.5) 2 Satisfying [Equation 1]; (s.2) The boiling point of each solvent in the solvent system at 10¹³ hPa is at least 160°C; (s.3) The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 21, wherein solvents having a functional group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl (OH), amino (NH2), carboxyl (COOH), and thiol (SH) are excluded. 23. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 22, wherein at least 90% by weight, more preferably at least 95% by weight, more preferably at least 98% by weight, and more preferably at least 99% by weight of the solvent system consists of one solvent system satisfying formula 1, and when the solvent system consists of only one solvent system, the temperature T is at least 7K lower than the boiling temperature of the one solvent. 24. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 23, wherein at least 90% by weight, more preferably at least 95% by weight, more preferably at least 98% by weight, and more preferably at least 99% by weight of the solvent system consists of two or more solvents, and each mixture satisfies Formula 1. 25.One or more solvents include N,N-dimethylbenzamide, N,N-dimethylphenylacetamide, 1,4-benzoquinone, acetophenone, dimethyl terephthalate, 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene, 2-phenylacetophenone, N-methylcaprolactam, methyl benzoate, 4-methyl methoxybenzoate, butylene carbonate, N-ethylpyrrolidone, benzophenone, dibenzyl malonate, N-ethylcaprolactam, 2-(5-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methyl acetate (FAME), 2-(5-oxotetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl acetate, propiophenone, N-methoxypropylpyrrolidone, 1,4-cyclohexanedi On, cyclohexane carbonate, N-methoxyethylpyrrolidone, N,N-diethylphenylacetamide, phenyl acetate, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyrrolidine-2-one acetate (HEPAc), N,N-diethylbenzamide, isopropyl benzoate, cyclohexylphenyl ketone, ethyl phenyl ester, phenyl acetate, N-methylmorpholine, benzyl propionate, benzyl acetate, neopentyl glycol dibenzoate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate, N-methylimidazole, benzyl butyrate, 2-pyrrolidone, 2-phenoxyethyl propionate (2-phenoxyethanol) (propionate), 2-phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, N,N-dipropylbenzamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-diethylacetamide, dihydrolevoglucocenone (Cyrene), propylene carbonate, caprolactone, dimethylisosorbide, N-butylpyrrolidone, t-butylpyrrolidone, methyl 1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (MMOC), γ-valerolactone (GVL), δ-valerolactone, γ-butyrolactone, methyl 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate (Rhodiasolv Polarclean), caprolactam, phenethyl acetate, methyl phenylacetate, benzyl benzoate, N,N-dimethyllactamide (Agnique AMD) The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 24, comprising 3L of 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). 26. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 25, wherein one or more solvents are selected from the group consisting of dihydrolevoglucocenone (Cyrene), propylene carbonate, caprolactone, dimethyl isosorbide, N-butylpyrrolidone, t-butylpyrrolidone, methyl 1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (MMOC), γ-valerolactone (GVL), δ-valerolactone, γ-butyrolactone, dimethyl sulfoxide, methyl 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate (Rhodiasolv® Polarclean), caprolactam, phenethyl acetate, methyl phenylacetate, benzyl benzoate, phenyl benzoate, methyl benzoate, propyl benzoate, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). 27. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 26, wherein one or more solvents in the solvent system are selected from the group consisting of propylene carbonate, N-butylpyrrolidone, t-butylpyrrolidone, methyl 1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (MMOC), δ-valerolactone, γ-butyrolactone, methyl 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate (Rhodiasolv® Polarclean), caprolactam, phenethyl acetate, methyl phenylacetate, benzyl benzoate, phenyl benzoate, methyl benzoate, propyl benzoate, and GVL. 28. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 27, wherein one or more solvents are selected from the group consisting of propylene carbonate, N-butylpyrrolidone, t-butylpyrrolidone, methyl 1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (MMOC), δ-valerolactone, γ-butyrolactone, methyl 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate (Rhodiasolv® Polarclean), caprolactam, phenethyl acetate, methyl phenylacetate, benzyl benzoate, phenyl benzoate, methyl benzoate, and propyl benzoate. 29. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 28, wherein one or more solvents in the solvent system are selected from the group consisting of propylene carbonate, N-butylpyrrolidone, t-butylpyrrolidone, methyl 1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (MMOC), methyl 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate (Rhodiasolv® Polarclean), phenethyl acetate, and GVL. 30. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 29, wherein one or more solvents are selected from the group consisting of propylene carbonate, N-butylpyrrolidone, t-butylpyrrolidone, methyl 1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate (MMOC), methyl 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate (Rhodiasolv® Polarclean), and phenethyl acetate. 31. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 30, wherein ethyl benzoate and butyl benzoate are excluded as solvents. 32. (s.3a) The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 31, wherein solvents having a functional group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl (OH), amino (NH2), secondary amine (-NH-), carboxyl (COOH), and thiol (SH) are excluded. 33. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 32, wherein the solvent system comprises γ-valerolactone, and more preferably, with the total weight of the solvent system being 100% by weight, at least 50% by weight, more preferably at least 60% by weight, more preferably at least 70% by weight, more preferably at least 80% by weight, more preferably at least 90% by weight, more preferably at least 95% by weight, and more preferably at least 99% by weight of the solvent system. 34. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 33, wherein the same solvent system as in (c) is used in the optional step (b). 35. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 34, wherein the polyester is based on 1,4-butanediol or 1,2-ethanediol, and more preferably the polyester according to (i) is selected from the group consisting of polymers based on 1,4-butanediol and terephthalic acid (polybutylene terephthalate, PBT), polymers based on 1,2-ethanediol and terephthalic acid (polyethylene terephthalate, PET), copolymers based on 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid (polybutylene adipate-terephthalate, PBAT), polymers based on 1,2-ethanediol and 2,5-franzicarboxylic acid (polyethylene furanoate, PEF), and mixtures of two or more of these (co)polymers, more preferably the polyester comprises at least PET and / or PBT, more preferably the polyester is PET or PBT or a mixture of PET and PBT, and more preferably the polyalkylene terephthalate polymer comprises or is PET. 36. The coloring agent is selected from the group consisting of dyes, fluorescent whitening agents, and mixtures of dyes and fluorescent whitening agents, according to any one of Embodiments 7 to 35. 37. The method according to any one of Embodiments 7 to 36, wherein the second polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyurethane (PU), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polytetrahydrofuran (pTHF), mixtures of these polymers, and copolymers of these polymers, and the second polymer is more preferably PU or a copolymer of PU and PEG and / or pTHF, and more preferably spandex. 38. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 37, wherein the third polymer is selected from polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyamide (PA), natural polymers (such as cotton, viscose, and flax), and mixtures of two or more thereof. 39. The method according to any one of Embodiments 7 to 38, wherein the filler is selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, carbon fibers, carbon black, inorganic salts (e.g., talc, disodium carbonate), adhesives, thickeners, defoamers, finishing agents (e.g., water-repellent / oil-repellent / fouling agents, flame retardants, wrinkle inhibitors, biocides), binders, surfactants (e.g., softeners, scouring agents, antistatic agents), desizing agents, bleaches, oxidizing agents, UV shielding agents, emulsifiers, fixing agents, cleaning dispersants, and shaping agents. 40. The method according to Embodiment 39, wherein the polyester includes, preferably PBT, and the filler is one or more selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, carbon fibers, carbon black, inorganic salts (e.g., talc, disodium carbonate), adhesives, thickeners, defoamers, finishing agents (e.g., water-repellent / oil-repellent / fouling agents, flame retardants, wrinkle inhibitors, biocides), binders, surfactants (e.g., softeners, scouring agents, antistatic agents), desizing agents, bleaching agents, oxidizing agents, UV shielding agents, emulsifiers, fixing agents, cleaning dispersants, and shaping agents, and preferably the filler is one or more selected from glass fibers, carbon fibers, carbon black, and inorganic salts (e.g., talc, Na2CO3). 41. Polyester includes, preferably PET, and fillers include glass fibers, carbon fibers, carbon black, inorganic salts (e.g., talc, disodium carbonate), adhesives, thickeners, defoamers, finishing agents (e.g., water-repellent / oil-repellent / fouling agents, flame retardants, wrinkle inhibitors, biocides), binders, surfactants (e.g., softeners, scouring agents, antistatic agents), desizing agents, bleaching agents, oxidizing agents, UV shielding agents, emulsifiers, fixing agents, cleaning dispersants, The method according to Embodiment 40, wherein the filler is one or more selected from the group consisting of shaping agents, and preferably the filler is one or more selected from adhesives, thickeners, defoamers, finishing agents (e.g., water-repellent / oil-repellent / fouling agents, flame retardants, wrinkle inhibitors, biocides), binders, surfactants (e.g., softeners, scouring agents, antistatic agents), desizing agents, bleaches, oxidizing agents, UV shielding agents, emulsifiers, fixing agents, cleaning dispersants, and shaping agents. 42. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 41, wherein T1 is a temperature in the range of 110 to <170°C, preferably in the range of 110 to 165°C, more preferably in the range of 120 to 160°C, more preferably in the range of 120 to 150°C, and more preferably in the range of 151 to 160°C. 43. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 42, wherein T2 is a temperature in the range of >170°C to 200°C, preferably in the range of 175°C to 190°C, and more preferably in the range of 180°C to 190°C. 44. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 43, wherein (a), optionally (b), (c), and optionally (d) are performed at a pressure in the range of 800 to 200,000 hPa. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 44, wherein the contact in 45.(b) is performed for a period of at least 5 minutes, preferably in the range of 5 minutes to 10 hours, more preferably in the range of 5 minutes to 5 hours, and more preferably in the range of 5 minutes to 4 hours. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 45, wherein the contact in 46.(c) is performed for a period of at least 0.1 hours, preferably in the range of 1 minute to 10 hours, more preferably in the range of 1 minute to 2 hours, and more preferably in the range of 5 minutes to 1 hour. 47. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 46, wherein the contact in (b) and / or (c) is carried out such that the mass-based ratio of the polymer blend provided in solvent system (a) or the residue obtained in (b) is in the range of 1:1 to 100:1, preferably 1:1 to 20:1. 48. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 47, wherein at least steps (b) and (c), preferably all steps, are carried out in an inert atmosphere, preferably in the presence of an inert gas, the inert gas being preferably selected from the group consisting of argon, helium, neon, nitrogen and mixtures of two or more of these inert gases, preferably containing at least nitrogen, and more preferably the inert gas being nitrogen. 49. The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 48, wherein at least steps (b) and (c), preferably all steps, are performed in batches or in a continuous manner. 50. (I) To provide polyester obtained from step (d), (y.1), (y.2), (y.3), (y.4), or (z), preferably polyester obtained from step (y.3), (y.4), or (z); (II)(I) To manufacture food packaging materials, beverage packaging materials, clothing, footwear, wires or cables from the polyester provided in (II); The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 49, including the method described above. 51. A polyester obtained or obtainable from the process described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 49, preferably from step (d), (y.1), (y.2), (y.3), (y.4), or (z), more preferably from step (y.3), (y.4), or (z). 52. Use of the polyester described in Embodiment 51 for textile product applications, textile applications, packaging material applications, plastic applications, automotive applications, and electronic applications, preferably for manufacturing food packaging materials, beverage packaging materials, clothing, footwear, wires, and cables, preferably for textile product applications, textile applications, packaging material applications, and plastic applications, more preferably for manufacturing food packaging materials, beverage packaging materials, clothing, and footwear. 53. A method for manufacturing a product, (I) To provide the polyester described in Embodiment 51; (II)(I) To manufacture textile products, fibers, packaging materials, plastics, automotive parts, and electronic components from the polyester provided in (II); Methods that include... In 54.(II), - Parts of a vehicle; preferably, cylinder head cover, engine cover, housing for charge air cooler, charge air cooler on / off valve, intake pipe, intake manifold, connector, gear, impeller, coolant box, housing, housing components for heat exchanger, coolant cooler, charge air cooler, thermostat, water pump, radiator, fastening components, components of the battery system for electromobility, dashboard, steering column switch, seat, headrest, center console, power transmission components, door module, A, B, C or D pillar cover of the vehicle, spoiler, door handle, outer mirror, front wiper, front wiper protective housing, decorative grille, cover strip, roof rail, window frame, sunroof frame, antenna panel, headlights and taillights, engine cover, cylinder head cover, intake manifold, airbag, cushion or coating; - Clothing; preferably shirts, trousers, pullovers, boots, shoes, soles, tights, or jackets; - Electrical components; preferably, passive or active electrical or electronic components, circuit boards, printed circuit boards, housing components, foil, wiring, switches, plugs, sockets, distributors, relays, resistors, capacitors, inductors, bobbins, lamps, diodes, LEDs, transistors, connectors, regulators, integrated circuits (ICs), processors, controllers, memory, sensors, microswitches, microbuttons, semiconductors, reflector housings for light-emitting diodes (LEDs), fasteners for electrical or electronic components, spacers, bolts, strips, sliding guides, screws, nuts, film hinges, snap hooks (snap-ins) or spring tabs; - Consumer products, agricultural products, or pharmaceuticals; preferably tennis strings, climbing ropes, brush bristles, brushes, artificial turf, 3D printer filaments, lawnmowers, zippers, hook-and-loop fasteners, papermaking fabrics, extruded coatings, fishing lines, fishing nets, rigging lines and ropes, vials, syringes, ampoules, bottles, sliding elements, spindle nuts, chain conveyors, plain bearings, rollers, wheels, gears, rollers, ring gears, screws and spring dampers, hoses, pipelines, cable sheaths, sockets, switches, cable ties, impellers, carpets, cosmetic boxes or bottles, mattresses, cushions, insulation materials, detergents, dishwasher tablets or powders, shampoos, body washes, shower gels, soaps, fertilizers, fungicides or insecticides; - Packaging materials for the food industry; preferably single-layer or multi-layer blown film, cast film (single-layer or multi-layer), biaxially oriented film or laminate film; or - Part of a structure; preferably, rotor blades, insulation, frame, housing, wall, coating, or partition; The method according to embodiment 53, wherein the product is manufactured. 55.(b) is: (b.1) To bring an article into contact with a solvent system at a temperature T1 below 170°C, thereby obtaining a solvent system rich in the dissolved further polymer of (ii), optionally a colorant, optionally a second polymer, and optionally a filler or a portion of a filler; and an article residue in which the further polymer, optionally a colorant, optionally a second polymer, and optionally a filler or a portion of a filler are reduced, and which contains polyester, optionally a metal-containing portion of (ii), optionally a filler or a portion of a filler, and optionally a third polymer; (b.2) The solvent system obtained in (b.1), which is dissolved in (ii), optionally a colorant, optionally a second polymer, and optionally a filler or a solvent system rich in a portion of the filler, is separated from the residue, preferably by a physical separation method, thereby obtaining a separated solvent system which is dissolved in (ii), optionally a colorant, optionally a second polymer, and optionally a solvent system rich in a portion of the filler, compared to the solvent system provided in (a); (b.3) Separating at least the further polymer of (ii) and optionally the second polymer from the solvent system to obtain a separated fraction containing the further polymer of (ii) and optionally the second polymer; The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 50, including the method described above. 56. - Preferably the method of one of Embodiments 1 to 50 or 55, further comprising the step of obtaining a polymer product by converting the polyester obtained again by the method of any one of Embodiments 1 to 46 or 50. 57. - A residue that can be obtained or obtained by the method of any one of Embodiments 1 to 49 or 54 or 55, preferably a residue obtained or obtainable from step (d), more preferably a residue containing at least a third polymer that can be obtained or obtained by the method of any one of Embodiments 1 to 49 or 54 or 55, preferably a residue containing at least a third polymer obtained or obtainable from step (d), or by converting the further polymer of (ii) obtained in (b.3) and optionally the second polymer, A method preferably according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 50, 55, or 56, comprising the further step of obtaining one or more monomers, polymers, or polymer products. 58. The method according to Embodiment 57, wherein the monomer is a di- or polyol; preferably butanediol; aldehyde; preferably formaldehyde; di- or polyisocyanate; preferably methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), polymeric methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), hexamethylenediisocyanate (HDI), or isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI); amide; preferably caprolactam; alkene; preferably styrene, ethene, and norbornene; alkyne, (di)ester; preferably methyl methacrylate; monobasic or dibasic acid; preferably adipic acid or terephthalic acid; diamine; preferably hexamethylenediamine, nonanediamine; or sulfone; preferably 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone. 59. The polymers and / or polymer products according to the method of Embodiment 57 or 58 include: polyamide (PA); preferably PA6 or PA66; polyisocyanate polyaddition products; preferably polyurethane (PU), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyurea or polyisocyanurate (PIR); low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polystyrene (PS), polyacrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polystyrene acrylonitrile (SAN), polyacrylate styrene acrylonitrile (ASA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polybutadiene (BR, PBD), poly(ci) (s-1,4-isoprene), poly(trans-1,4-isoprene), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT), polyester (PES), polyethersulfone (PESU), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), poly-3-hydroxybutyric acid (P3HB), poly-4-hydroxybutyric acid (P4HB), polyhydroxyvaleric acid (PHV), polyhydroxyhexanoic acid (PHH), polyhydroxyoctanoic acid (PHO), polylactic acid (PLA), polysulfone (PSU), polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU), polycarbonate (PC), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO), poly(p-phenylene ether) (PPE); or copolymers or mixtures thereof. 60. Polymers and / or polymer products: - Parts of a vehicle; preferably, cylinder head cover, engine cover, housing for charge air cooler, charge air cooler on / off valve, intake pipe, intake manifold, connector, gear, impeller, coolant box, housing, housing components for heat exchanger, coolant cooler, charge air cooler, thermostat, water pump, radiator, fastening components, components of the battery system for electromobility, dashboard, steering column switch, seat, headrest, center console, power transmission components, door module, A, B, C or D pillar cover of the vehicle, spoiler, door handle, outer mirror, front wiper, front wiper protective housing, decorative grille, cover strip, roof rail, window frame, sunroof frame, antenna panel, headlights and taillights, engine cover, cylinder head cover, intake manifold, airbag, cushion or coating; - Clothing; preferably shirts, trousers, pullovers, boots, shoes, soles, tights, or jackets; - Electrical components; preferably, passive or active electrical or electronic components, circuit boards, printed circuit boards, housing components, foil, wiring, switches, plugs, sockets, distributors, relays, resistors, capacitors, inductors, bobbins, lamps, diodes, LEDs, transistors, connectors, regulators, integrated circuits (ICs), processors, controllers, memory, sensors, microswitches, microbuttons, semiconductors, reflector housings for light-emitting diodes (LEDs), fasteners for electrical or electronic components, spacers, bolts, strips, sliding guides, screws, nuts, film hinges, snap hooks (snap-ins) or spring tabs; - Consumer products, agricultural products, or pharmaceuticals; preferably tennis strings, climbing ropes, brush bristles, brushes, artificial turf, 3D printer filaments, lawnmowers, zippers, hook-and-loop fasteners, papermaking fabrics, extruded coatings, fishing lines, fishing nets, rigging lines and ropes, vials, syringes, ampoules, bottles, sliding elements, spindle nuts, chain conveyors, plain bearings, rollers, wheels, gears, rollers, ring gears, screws and spring dampers, hoses, pipelines, cable sheaths, sockets, switches, cable ties, impellers, carpets, cosmetic boxes or bottles, mattresses, cushions, insulation materials, detergents, dishwasher tablets or powders, shampoos, body washes, shower gels, soaps, fertilizers, fungicides or insecticides; - Packaging materials for the food industry; preferably single-layer or multi-layer blown film, cast film (single-layer or multi-layer), biaxially oriented film or laminate film; or - Part of a structure; preferably, rotor blades, insulation, frame, housing, wall, coating, or partition; The method according to any one of embodiments 57 to 59, which is either or a part thereof. 61. The content of the third polymer and / or further polymer and / or second polymer in the monomer, polymer and / or polymer product is 1% by weight or more, preferably 2% by weight or more, more preferably 5% by weight or more, more preferably 15% by weight or more, more preferably 30% by weight or more, more preferably 40% by weight or more, more preferably 60% by weight or more, more preferably 80% by weight or more, more preferably 90% by weight or more, more preferably 95% by weight or more; and / or The content of the third polymer in the monomer, polymer and / or polymer product is 100% by weight or less, preferably 95% by weight or less, more preferably 90% by weight or less, more preferably 50% by weight or less, more preferably 25% by weight or less, and more preferably 10% by weight or less; and Preferably, the content is determined based on a management chain model by identity retention and / or segregation and / or mass balance and / or book and claims, preferably based on mass balance, and preferably based on the standards of the International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC), as described in any one of Embodiments 57 to 60.

[0096] The present invention will be further explained by the following reference examples, comparative examples, and examples. [Examples]

[0097] method XRF Screening Analysis XRF screening was performed directly on the sample material without any pretreatment. The sample material was weighed into a measuring cuvette, inserted into the WD-XRF instrument, and then the semi-quantitative program was started. This screening method serves as a rough clustering method, assigning elements to concentration ranges.

[0098] Infrared spectroscopy (IR): FTIR-ATR spectra were acquired using an FTIR spectrometer (Thermo Nicolet iS50) equipped with an ATR unit. To perform the measurements, the sample was placed directly onto the ATR crystal without any further pretreatment and secured in close contact using the unit's clamp (stamp). All measurements were performed at room temperature (25°C), with 32 scans and a resolution of 4 cm⁻¹.

[0099] GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography): Sample preparation: Approximately 6 mg of the sample was dissolved overnight in 5 ml of the eluent (hexafluoroisopropanol + 0.05 wt% potassium trifluoroacetate). All sample solutions were filtered through Millipore Millex FG (0.2 μm) before injection. The sample vials were sealed and placed in the autosampler.

[0100] Experimental conditions: An Agilent 1100 HPLC system, consisting of an isocratic pump, vacuum degasser, autosampler, and column oven (35°C), was used. Furthermore, this Agilent system included differential refractive index (DRI) and variable ultraviolet (UVW) detectors. SEC data acquisition and processing were performed using WinGPC Unichrom from PSS (Polymer Standard Services), as before. An Agilent PL-HFIP guard column (7.5 × 50 mm) and two PL-HFIP gel columns (7.5 × 300 mm, 9 μm) were connected in series. Hexafluoroisopropanol + 0.05 wt% potassium trifluoroacetate was used as the eluent at a flow rate of 1 ml / min. 50 μl of each sample solution was injected. Calibration was performed using PMMA standards (Polymer Standard Services) with a narrow molar mass distribution, where the molar mass range was M=800 to M=2,200,000 g / mol or M=600 to M=2,050,000 g / mol. Molar masses outside this range were extrapolated.

[0101] [Table 1]

[0102] Example 1: Separation of PET from buttons mainly composed of POM a) Dissolution of buttons mainly composed of POM into GVL Button, mainly composed of POM, was placed in a reaction vessel (e.g., flask, tube, container). GVL was added (by mass ratio, solvent:polymer material 100:1~1:1, preferably 10:1~1:1), and the mixture was heated in an inert gas atmosphere using a suitable heating system (e.g., oil bath, heating block, miniplant container) until the dissolution of the button, mainly composed of POM, was visually confirmed (approximately 140°C). After 1~60 minutes, the mixture was filtered (e.g., by heated pressure filtration). The filtrate was allowed to cool to room temperature (20~30°C), and POM precipitated. The precipitated POM was filtered and washed with a small amount of GVL. A small amount of acetone was optionally used in the second washing step to easily remove the GVL and to quickly dry the obtained POM powder again. The resulting solid was dried (e.g., in a vacuum box dryer).

[0103] b) Separation of buttons and PET fiber products mainly composed of POM in GVL PET fiber products were cut / shredded into small pieces and placed in a reaction vessel (e.g., flask, tube, container) together with buttons mainly composed of POM (1:1, w:w). GVL was added (by mass ratio, solvent:polymer material 100:1~1:1, preferably 10:1~1:1), and the mixture was heated to 140°C in an inert gas atmosphere using a suitable heating system (e.g., oil bath, heating block, miniplant container). After 1~60 minutes, it was visually confirmed that the buttons mainly composed of POM had completely dissolved, and the mixture was filtered (e.g., by heated pressure filtration) to obtain a filtrate of POM-rich GVL and a filtration cake of undissolved PET fiber product pieces. The filtration cake was further optionally washed with a small amount of hot GVL. When the filtrate was allowed to cool, POM precipitated. The precipitated POM was filtered and washed with a small amount of GVL. The PET fiber product pieces were also optionally washed with a small amount of GVL. To easily remove GVL and to quickly dry the resulting POM powder and PET fiber product pieces, a small amount of acetone was optionally used in the second washing step. The resulting POM solid and PET fiber product pieces were dried (e.g., in a vacuum box dryer). The IR spectra of the resulting POM solid and PET fiber product pieces are shown in Figure 1, compared with the reference spectra of virgin POM and PET. Based on the IR spectroscopy, it was shown that the POM and PET were obtained again in an unchanged form.

[0104] Example 2: Separation of PET from PVC-based sequins a) Dissolution of sequins with PVC as the main component into GVL A sequin mainly composed of PVC was charged into a reaction vessel (e.g., flask, tube, container). GVL was added (by mass ratio, solvent:polymer material 100:1~1:1, preferably 10:1~1:1), and the mixture was heated in an inert gas atmosphere using a suitable heating system (e.g., oil bath, heating block, miniplant container) to a temperature (approximately 120°C) at which the dissolution of the PVC-based sequin was visually confirmed. After 1~60 minutes, the mixture was filtered (e.g., by heated pressure filtration). The filtrate was allowed to cool to room temperature (20~30°C). PVC was obtained by either filtering the filtrate after adding iPrOH, or by distilling the GVL. The obtained PVC (from both options) was washed again with a small amount of iPrOH. The obtained PVC (from both options) was dried (e.g., in a vacuum box dryer).

[0105] b) Separation of PVC-based sequins and PET fiber products in GVL PET fiber products were cut / shredded into small pieces and placed in a reaction vessel (e.g., flask, tube, container) together with sequins mainly composed of PVC (3:1, w:w). GVL was added (by mass ratio, solvent:polymer material 100:1~1:1, preferably 10:1~1:1), and the mixture was heated to 120°C in an inert gas atmosphere using a suitable heating system (e.g., oil bath, heating block, miniplant container). After 1~60 minutes, the dissolution of the PVC-based sequins was visually confirmed, and the mixture was filtered (e.g., by heated pressure filtration) to obtain GVL, a filtrate rich in PVC, and PET fiber product pieces, which were the filtration cake. The filtration cake was further optionally washed with a small amount of hot GVL. PVC was obtained by either adding iPrOH to the filtrate and filtering, or by distilling the GVL. The obtained PVC (from both options) was again washed with a small amount of iPrOH. PET fiber product pieces were optionally washed with a small amount of GVL. A small amount of acetone was optionally used in the second washing step to facilitate GVL removal and expedite drying. The resulting products, PVC (obtained from both options) and PET fiber product pieces, were dried (e.g., in a vacuum box dryer). The IR spectra of the obtained PVC and PET fiber product pieces are shown in Figure 2 (PVC precipitated with iPrOH) and Figure 3 (PVC obtained after distillation). IR spectroscopy showed that PVC and PET were obtained again in unchanged form. The re-obtained PVC (obtained after distillation) still contained residual GVL solvent and residual PET (indicated by arrows in Figure 3). The latter was due to the dissolution of the PET oligomer, the starting material, at the same temperature as the PVC. This re-obtained PVC was not obtained by precipitation from GVL with the addition of a poor solvent (e.g., iPrOH), but rather by removing GVL by distillation. In other words, dissolved PET oligomer was detected in the PVC.

[0106] Example 3: Separation of PET from metal buttons PET fiber products were cut / shredded into small pieces and placed in a reaction vessel (e.g., flask, tube, container) together with buttons mainly composed of metal (2:1, w:w). GVL was added (by mass ratio, solvent:polymer material and metal buttons 100:1~1:1, preferably 10:1~1:1), and the mixture was heated to 185°C in an inert gas atmosphere using a suitable heating system (e.g., oil bath, heating block, miniplant container). After 1~60 minutes, the dissolution of the PET fiber products was visually confirmed, and the mixture was filtered (e.g., by heated pressure filtration) to obtain GVL, which is a PET-rich filtrate, and buttons mainly composed of undissolved metal, which is a filtration cake. The filtration cake was further optionally washed with a small amount of hot GVL. PET precipitated when the filtrate was allowed to cool to room temperature (20~30°C). The precipitated PET was filtered and washed with a small amount of GVL. The metal buttons were optionally washed with a small amount of GVL. To easily remove GVL and to expedite the drying of the resulting PET powder, a small amount of acetone was optionally used in the second washing step. The resulting PET powder was then dried (for example, in a vacuum box dryer).

[0107] X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy analysis showed that no metal leached from the metal button, and therefore did not increase the amount of metal in the resulting PET powder. The only metallic element detected was Ti (<0.1%), which originated from TiO2 present in the original material.

[0108] Example 4: Recovery of PET from textile products and PET-containing products PET fiber products were cut / shredded into small pieces and placed together with zipper pieces (tape including fasteners) in a ratio of 3:1, w:w in a reaction vessel (e.g., flask, tube, container). GVL was added (by mass ratio, solvent:polymer material and zipper 100:1~1:1, preferably 10:1~1:1), and the mixture was heated to 185°C in an inert gas atmosphere using a suitable heating system (e.g., oil bath, heating block, miniplant container). After 1~60 minutes, the dissolution of the PET fiber products was visually confirmed, and the mixture was filtered (e.g., by heated pressure filtration) to obtain GVL, which is a filtrate rich in PET. The filtered cake was further optionally washed with a small amount of hot GVL. PET precipitated when the filtrate was allowed to cool to room temperature (20~30°C). The precipitated PET was filtered and washed with a small amount of GVL. To easily remove GVL and to expedite the drying of the resulting PET powder, a small amount of acetone was optionally used in the second washing step. The resulting PET powder was dried (e.g., in a vacuum box dryer) and analyzed by GPC-HPLC. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0109] [Table 2]

[0110] The number-average molecular weight (Mn) of the PET obtained again was higher than that of the starting material (textile product) and was comparable to that of the PET contained in the tape. The mass-average molecular weight (Mw) was lower than that of the starting material (textile product), as expected, since the Mw of the PET contained in the tape was already lower. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0111] [Figure 1] This figure shows the IR spectra of the POM solid and PET fiber product pieces obtained in Example 1, compared with the reference spectra of untreated POM and PET. [Figure 2]This figure shows the IR spectra of PVC and PET fiber product samples (PVC precipitated with iPrOH) obtained in Example 2, compared with the reference spectra of untreated PVC and PET, respectively. [Figure 3] This figure shows the IR spectra of the PVC and PET fiber product samples obtained in Example 2 (PVC obtained after distillation), compared with the reference spectra of untreated PVC and PET, respectively.

[0112] References - “Dyes and Pigments”Metin Acikyildiz,Kuebra Guenes,Ahmet Guerses Springer,2016(ISBN:10:3319338900) - Industrial Organic Pigments-Klaus Hunger, Thomas Heber, Martin U. Schmidt, Friedrich Reisinger, Stefan Wanne Wiley-VCH, 4th edition, 2018 (ISBN:978-3-527-32608-2) - Chemistry and Technology of Natural and Synthetic Dyes and Pigments-Ashis Kumar Samanta,Nasser Awwad,IntechOpen,2020(ISBN:9781789859980,9781789859973,9781839687587) - Encyclopedia of Color,Dyes,Pigments-Volume 1,Gerhard Pfaff,de Gruyter,2021(ISBN:311058588X) - Heinrich Zollinger:Color Chemistry:Syntheses,Properties,and Applications of Organic Dyes and Pigments,3rd edition.WILEY-VCH Verlag,Weinheim 2003(ISBN:3-906390-23-3) - Klaus Hunger (Ed.): Industrial Dyes: Chemistry, Properties, Applications. WILEY-VCH Verlag, Weinheim 2003 (ISBN: 3-662-01950-7) - Hermann Rath: Textbook of Textile Chemistry, including Textile Chemical Technology. 2nd edition. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg 1963 (ISBN: 978-3-662-00065-6); Wilfried Kratzert, Rasmus Peichert - Dyes. Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg 1981 (ISBN: 3-494-01021-8) - Ullmann's Encyclopedia of industrial chemistry, Wiley-VCH, 2000, sections “dyes and pigments” and “dyes, general survey” (ISBN: 9783527303854) - Dietrich Braun,Manfred Thallmaier,Journal of Polymer Science:Polymer Symposia,16,4,1967,2351-2364

Claims

1. (i) polyester and; (ii) a portion containing a further polymer selected from polyacetal, polyvinyl chloride and mixtures thereof; A method for recovering polyester from articles containing: (a) to provide the article and to provide a solvent system containing γ-valerolactone; (b) Contacting the article with the solvent system at a temperature T1 of less than 170°C to obtain a solvent system rich in the further polymer of dissolved (ii) and a residue of the article containing the polyester, with the further polymer reduced; (c) The residue of the article obtained in (b) is brought into contact with the solvent system at a temperature T2 exceeding 170°C, thereby obtaining a solvent system richer in soluble polyester compared to the solvent system provided in (a); (d)(c) Precipitate the polyester from the solvent system rich in soluble polyester obtained in (d)(c), thereby obtaining precipitated polyester and a solvent system with reduced soluble polyester; A method that includes this.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the portion containing a further polymer is a closing and / or decorative means, preferably selected from the group consisting of zippers, ribbons, fasteners, buttons, sequins, patches, hooks, eyelets, grommets, buckles, clasps and mixtures of two or more thereof, and preferably selected from the group consisting of zippers, buttons, sequins and mixtures of two or more thereof.

3. Between (a) and (b), between (b) and (c), and between (a) and (c) if (b) is not performed, no further polymer-containing portion is separated from the polyester (i) of the article (no pretreatment is performed); The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein no mechanical pretreatment, preferably shredding, is performed between (a) and (b), or, if (b) is not performed, between (a) and (c).

4. The aforementioned article is (iii) further comprising one or more components selected from the group consisting of a second polymer, a third polymer, a colorant, and a filler, The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second polymer and the third polymer are different from each other and are different from the polyester of (i) and the further polymer of the portion comprising the further polymer of (ii).

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the article is an article selected from the group consisting of textile articles, toys, sporting goods, outdoor goods, or articles combining these.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, with the total weight of the solvent system being 100% by weight, at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, more preferably at least 70% by weight, more preferably at least 80% by weight, more preferably at least 90% by weight, more preferably at least 95% by weight, and more preferably at least 99% by weight of the solvent system consists of γ-valerolactone.

7. The polyester is based on 1,4-butanediol or 1,2-ethanediol, more preferably the polyester according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is selected from the group consisting of a polymer based on 1,4-butanediol and terephthalic acid (polybutylene terephthalate, PBT), a polymer based on 1,2-ethanediol and terephthalic acid (polyethylene terephthalate, PET), a copolymer based on 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid (polybutylene adipate-terephthalate, PBAT), a polymer based on 1,2-ethanediol and 2,5-franzicarboxylic acid (polyethylene furanoate, PEF), and mixtures of two or more of these (co)polymers, more preferably the polyester comprises at least PET and / or PBT, more preferably the polyester is PET or PBT or a mixture of PET and PBT, more preferably the polyester comprises PET or is PET.

8. The second polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyurethane (PU), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polytetrahydrofuran (pTHF), mixtures of these polymers, and copolymers of these polymers, wherein the second polymer is more preferably PU, or a copolymer of PU and PEG and / or pTHF, and more preferably spandex; and / or The third polymer is selected from polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyamide (PA), natural polymers (such as cotton, viscose, and flax), and mixtures of two or more of these; The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7.

9. (d) followed by, The precipitated polyester obtained in (y.1)(d) is separated from the solvent system in which the dissolved polyester is reduced and which optionally contains the filler or a portion of the filler, thereby obtaining the precipitated polyester and the solvent system in which the dissolved polyester is reduced and which optionally contains the filler or a portion of the filler; (y.2) Optionally, wash the precipitated polyester obtained in (y.1); (y.3) Dry the precipitated polyester obtained in (y.1) or the washed precipitated polyester obtained in (y.2) to obtain a dried (washed) precipitated polyester; The method according to any one of claims 4 to 8, including the method described in any one of claims 4 to 8.

10. After (d), or after (y.3), preferably after (y.3), The method according to any one of claims 4 to 9, comprising increasing the intrinsic viscosity of the precipitated polyester obtained in (z)(d) or the dried (washed) precipitated polyester obtained in (y.3).

11. A polyester obtained or obtainable from a process according to any one of claims 1 to 10, preferably from step (d), (y.1), (y.2), (y.3), or (z), more preferably from step (y.3) or (z).

12. (I) To provide polyester obtained from step (d), (y.1), (y.2), (y.3), or (z), preferably polyester obtained from step (y.3) or (z); (II) To produce food packaging materials, beverage packaging materials, clothing, footwear, wires or cables from the polyester provided in (I); The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, including the method described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

13. (b) is: (b.1) To bring the article into contact with the solvent system at a temperature T1 of less than 170°C, thereby obtaining a solvent system rich in a further polymer of (ii) that is dissolved, optionally a colorant, optionally a second polymer, and optionally a filler or a portion of a filler; and a residue of the article in which the further polymer, optionally a colorant, optionally a second polymer, and optionally a filler or a portion of a filler are reduced, and the residue of the article contains the polyester, optionally a metal-containing portion of (ii), optionally the filler or a portion of the filler, and optionally the third polymer; (b.2) The solvent system obtained in (b.1), which is rich in a further polymer of the dissolved (ii), optionally a colorant, optionally a second polymer, and optionally a filler or a portion of a filler, is separated from the residue, preferably by a physical separation method, thereby obtaining a separated solvent system rich in a further polymer of the dissolved (ii), optionally a colorant, optionally a second polymer, and optionally a filler or a portion of a filler, compared to the solvent system provided in (a); (b.3) Separating at least (ii) of the further polymer and optionally the second polymer from the solvent system to obtain a separated fraction containing (ii) of the further polymer and optionally the second polymer; A method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, including the method described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, 12, or 13, further comprising the step of obtaining a polymer product by converting the polyester obtained again by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 10, 12, or 13.

15. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, 12, 13, or 14: - A residue that can be obtained or obtained by the process described in any one of claims 1 to 10, 12, 13, or 14, preferably a residue obtained or obtainable by step (d), more preferably the residue containing at least a third polymer that can be obtained or obtained by the process described in any one of claims 1 to 10, 12, 13, or 14, preferably the residue containing at least a third polymer obtained or obtainable by step (d), or by converting the further polymer of (ii) obtained in (b.3) and the second polymer optionally, The further step includes obtaining one or more monomers, polymers, or polymer products; Preferably, the monomer is a di- or polyol; preferably butanediol; aldehyde; preferably formaldehyde; di- or polyisocyanate; preferably methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), polymeric methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), hexamethylenediisocyanate (HDI), or isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI); amide; preferably caprolactam; alkene; preferably styrene, ethene, and norbornene; alkyne, (di)ester; preferably methyl methacrylate; monobasic or dibasic acid; preferably adipic acid or terephthalic acid; diamine; preferably hexamethylenediamine, nonanediamine; or sulfone; preferably 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone; And / or The polymer is as follows, and / or the polymer product is as follows: Polyamide (PA); preferably PA6 or PA66; polyisocyanate polyaddition product; preferably polyurethane (PU), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyurea or polyisocyanurate (PIR); low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polystyrene (PS), polyacrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polystyrene acrylonitrile (SAN), polyacrylate styrene acrylonitrile (ASA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polybutadiene (BR, PBD), poly(cis-1,4-isoprene), poly(trans-1 ,4-isoprene), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT), polyester (PES), polyethersulfone (PESU), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB), poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB), polyhydroxyvaleric acid (PHV), polyhydroxyhexanoic acid (PHH), polyhydroxyoctanoic acid (PHO), polylactic acid (PLA), polysulfone (PSU), polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU), polycarbonate (PC), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO), poly(p-phenylene ether) (PPE); or copolymers or mixtures thereof. Methods that include...

16. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, 12, or 13 to 15, The polymer and / or the polymer product: - Parts of a vehicle; preferably, cylinder head cover, engine cover, housing for charge air cooler, charge air cooler on / off valve, intake pipe, intake manifold, connector, gear, impeller, coolant box, housing, housing components for heat exchanger, coolant cooler, charge air cooler, thermostat, water pump, radiator, fastening components, components of an electromobility battery system, dashboard, steering column switch, seat, headrest, center console, power transmission components, door module, A, B, C or D pillar cover of the vehicle, spoiler, door handle, outer mirror, front wiper, front wiper protective housing, decorative grille, cover strip, roof rail, window frame, sunroof frame, antenna panel, headlights and taillights, engine cover, cylinder head cover, intake manifold, airbag, cushion or coating; - Clothing; preferably shirts, trousers, pullovers, boots, shoes, soles, tights, or jackets; - Electrical components; preferably, electrical or electronic passive or active components, circuit boards, printed circuit boards, housing components, foil, wiring, switches, plugs, sockets, distributors, relays, resistors, capacitors, inductors, bobbins, lamps, diodes, LEDs, transistors, connectors, regulators, integrated circuits (ICs), processors, controllers, memory, sensors, microswitches, microbuttons, semiconductors, reflector housings for light-emitting diodes (LEDs), fasteners for electrical or electronic components, spacers, bolts, strips, sliding guides, screws, nuts, film hinges, snap hooks (snap-ins) or spring tabs; - Consumer products, agricultural products or pharmaceuticals; preferably tennis strings, climbing ropes, brush bristles, brushes, artificial turf, 3D printer filaments, lawnmowers, zippers, hook-and-loop fasteners, papermaking fabrics, extruded coatings, fishing lines, fishing nets, rigging lines and ropes, vials, syringes, ampoules, bottles, sliding elements, spindle nuts, chain conveyors, plain bearings, rollers, wheels, gears, rollers, ring gears, screws and spring dampers, hoses, pipelines, cable sheaths, sockets, switches, cable ties, impellers, carpets, cosmetic boxes or bottles, mattresses, cushions, insulation materials, detergents, dishwasher tablets or powders, shampoos, body washes, shower gels, soaps, fertilizers, fungicides or insecticides; - Packaging materials for the food industry; preferably single-layer or multi-layer blown film, cast film (single-layer or multi-layer), biaxially oriented film or laminate film; or - Part of a structure; preferably, rotor blades, insulation, frame, housing, wall, coating, or partition; A method that is either or part thereof.

Images