Battery management device and its operating method

Abstract

The battery management device according to the embodiment disclosed herein may include: an acquisition unit for acquiring the voltage of a battery cell; a controller for calculating a battery profile related to the capacity and voltage of the battery cell based on the voltage of the battery cell, checking the degradation state of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell using the battery profile, and managing a charging profile used for charging the battery cell based on the degradation state of the positive and negative electrodes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0132823 filed on October 5, 2023, and all contents disclosed in the literature of the said Korean patent application are incorporated as part of the present specification. The embodiments disclosed in this document relate to a battery management apparatus and an operating method thereof.

BACKGROUND ART

[0002] In recent years, research and development on secondary batteries have been actively carried out. Here, the secondary battery is a chargeable and dischargeable battery, and can be interpreted to include all conventional Ni / Cd batteries, Ni / MH batteries, and the like, as well as recent lithium ion batteries. In recent years, its scope of use has expanded even to the power sources of electric vehicles, and it has attracted attention as a next-generation energy storage medium.

[0003] An electric vehicle receives power supply from the outside to charge battery cells, and then discharges the battery cells to drive a motor to obtain power. Battery cells undergo internal deformation and modification due to various charging and discharging processes during the production and use stages, and their physicochemical properties change. For example, an internal short circuit, an external short circuit, venting caused by lithium deposition, or an under voltage defect in which the voltage of the battery cell drops below a certain level may occur. Due to such battery degradation and aging, a technology for managing the charging operation of battery cells is required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION

[0004] An objective of the embodiments disclosed in this document is to provide a battery management apparatus that manages a charging profile of a battery cell based on the degradation state of the positive electrode and the degradation state of the negative electrode of the battery cell, and an operating method thereof.

[0005] One objective of the embodiments disclosed herein is to provide a battery management device and a method for operating the same that improves the rapid charging profile for preventing battery cell degradation based on the degradation state of the positive electrode and the degradation state of the negative electrode of the battery cell.

[0006] The technical problems of the embodiments disclosed in this document are not limited to those mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The battery management device according to the embodiment disclosed herein may include: an acquisition unit for acquiring the voltage of a battery cell; a controller for calculating a battery profile related to the capacity and voltage of the battery cell based on the voltage of the battery cell, checking the degradation state of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell using the battery profile, and managing a charging profile used for charging the battery cell based on the degradation state of the positive and negative electrodes.

[0008] According to the embodiment, the controller calculates the degree of positive electrode degradation, which is the degree to which the positive electrode of the battery cell has deteriorated, and the degree of negative electrode degradation, which is the degree to which the negative electrode of the battery cell has deteriorated, based on the battery profile, and can confirm the deterioration state of the positive electrode and the negative electrode based on the degree of positive electrode degradation and the degree of negative electrode degradation.

[0009] According to the embodiment, the controller can separate the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile from the battery profile and calculate the degree of positive electrode degradation and the degree of negative electrode degradation based on the extent to which the capacities of the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile have decreased compared to the capacities of the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile.

[0010] According to the embodiment, the controller can determine the primary degradation state among the degradation state of the positive electrode and the degradation state of the negative electrode of the battery cell that has a greater influence on the degradation of the battery cell, and manage the charging profile based on the primary degradation state.

[0011] According to the embodiment, the controller can determine the degradation state of the electrode having a greater degradation degree than the positive electrode degradation degree and the negative electrode degradation degree as the main degradation state.

[0012] According to one embodiment, the controller can manage the charging profile used to charge the battery cell based on a first charging profile associated with the battery cell, when the primary degradation state is a positive electrode degradation state.

[0013] According to one embodiment, the first charging profile may be a charging profile related to the BoL (Beginning of Life) state of the battery cell.

[0014] According to the embodiment, if the primary degradation state is a degradation state of the negative electrode, the controller can manage the charge profile used to charge the battery cell based on a second charge profile, which is a charge profile that reflects the degradation state of the negative electrode.

[0015] According to the embodiment, the controller can calculate the second charge profile by reducing the charging current of the first charge profile by the degree of negative electrode degradation, based on a first charge profile that shows the charging current corresponding to the capacity of the battery cell related to the BoL (Beginning of Life) state of the battery cell.

[0016] According to the embodiment, the controller can calculate the second charge profile by reducing the capacity of the first charge profile by the degree of negative electrode degradation, based on a first charge profile that shows a charging current corresponding to the capacity of the battery cell related to the BoL (Beginning of Life) state of the battery cell.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the charging profile may be a profile that shows the correspondence between the capacity of the battery cell and the charging current for rapid charging of the battery cell.

[0018] A battery management method according to one embodiment disclosed herein may include the steps of: calculating a battery profile related to the capacity and voltage of a battery cell based on the voltage of the battery cell; checking the degradation state of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell using the battery profile; and managing a charging profile used for charging the battery cell based on the degradation state of the positive and negative electrodes.

[0019] According to the embodiment, the step of checking the degradation state of the positive electrode and negative electrode of the battery cell may include the steps of calculating a positive electrode degradation degree, which is the degree to which the positive electrode of the battery cell has deteriorated, and a negative electrode degradation degree, which is the degree to which the negative electrode of the battery cell has deteriorated, based on the battery profile, and the step of checking the degradation state of the positive electrode and negative electrode based on the positive electrode degradation degree and the negative electrode degradation degree.

[0020] According to one embodiment, the step of calculating the positive electrode degradation and negative electrode degradation may include the steps of separating the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile from the battery profile, and calculating the positive electrode degradation and the negative electrode degradation based on the extent to which the capacities of the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile have decreased compared to the capacities of a reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile.

[0021] According to an embodiment, the step of managing the charging profile may include a step of determining a main degradation state that has a greater impact on the degradation of the battery cell, among the degradation state of the positive electrode and the degradation state of the negative electrode of the battery cell, and a step of managing the charging profile based on the main degradation state.

[0022] According to an embodiment, the step of determining the main degradation state may include a step of determining the degradation state of the electrode having a greater degradation degree among the positive electrode degradation degree and the negative electrode degradation degree as the main degradation state.

[0023] According to an embodiment, when the main degradation state is the degradation state of the positive electrode, the step of managing the charging profile may manage the charging profile used for charging the battery cell based on a first charging profile associated with the battery cell.

[0024] According to an embodiment, when the main degradation state is the degradation state of the negative electrode, the step of managing the charging profile may manage the charging profile used for charging the battery cell based on a second charging profile which is a charging profile reflecting the degradation state of the negative electrode.

[0025] According to an embodiment, the method may include a step of reducing the charging current of the first charging profile by the negative electrode degradation degree based on the first charging profile indicating the charging current corresponding to the capacity of the battery cell associated with the BoL (Beginning of Life) state of the battery cell, to calculate the second charging profile.

[0026] According to an embodiment, the method may include a step of reducing the capacity of the first charging profile by the negative electrode degradation degree based on the first charging profile indicating the charging current corresponding to the capacity of the battery cell associated with the BoL (Beginning of Life) state of the battery cell, to calculate the second charging profile. Advantageous Effects of the Invention

[0027] The battery management apparatus and the operation method thereof according to the embodiments disclosed in this document can manage the charging profile of a battery cell based on the deterioration state of the positive electrode and the deterioration state of the negative electrode of the battery cell.

[0028] The battery management apparatus and the operation method thereof according to the embodiments disclosed in this document can improve the fast charging profile for preventing deterioration of a battery cell based on the deterioration state of the positive electrode and the deterioration state of the negative electrode of the battery cell. In addition to this, various effects that can be directly or indirectly grasped by this document can be provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] [Figure 1] It is a diagram showing a battery cell pack according to an embodiment disclosed in this document. [Figure 2] It is a block diagram showing a battery management apparatus according to an embodiment disclosed in this document. [Figure 3] It is a diagram showing a battery profile according to an embodiment disclosed in this document. [Figure 4] It is a diagram showing a battery profile according to an embodiment disclosed in this document. [Figure 5] It is a diagram showing a battery profile according to an embodiment disclosed in this document. [Figure 6] It is a diagram showing a battery profile according to an embodiment disclosed in this document. [Figure 7] It is a diagram showing a charging profile according to an embodiment disclosed in this document. [Figure 8] It is a diagram showing a charging profile according to an embodiment disclosed in this document. [Figure 9] It is a diagram showing a charging profile according to an embodiment disclosed in this document. [Figure 10] It is an operation flowchart of the battery management apparatus according to an embodiment disclosed in this document. [Figure 11]This is an operation flowchart of a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document. [Figure 12] This is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of a computing system for performing the operation method of a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0030] Various embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this should be understood not as limiting the present invention to any particular embodiment, but rather as including various modifications, equivalents, and / or alternatives to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] The various embodiments and terminology used in this document are not intended to limit the technical features described herein to any particular embodiment, but should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, or substitutes of such embodiments. In relation to the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used for similar or related components. The singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more such items unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0032] In this document, each phrase such as “A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” “at least one of A or B,” “A, B, or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” and “at least one of A, B, or C” may include any one of the items listed together with the applicable phrase, or any possible combination thereof. Terms such as “first,” “second,” “first,” “second,” “A,” “B,” “(a),” or “(b)” may be used simply to distinguish one component from other components and, unless otherwise stated, do not limit the component in any other respect (e.g., importance or order).

[0033] Wherever a component (e.g., the first) is referred to as being "coupled," "joined," or "connected" to another component (e.g., the second) with or without such terms, it means that the first component may be connected to the other component directly (e.g., by wire), wirelessly, or via the third component.

[0034] According to one embodiment, the methods according to the various embodiments disclosed herein may be provided in a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded as a commodity between a seller and a buyer. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of an instrument-readable storage medium (e.g., Compact Disc Read Only Memory (CD-ROM)) or online (e.g., by download or upload) via an application store or directly between two user devices. In the case of online distribution, at least a portion of the computer program product may be at least temporarily stored or temporarily generated in an instrument-readable storage medium such as the memory of a manufacturer's server, an application store server, or an intermediary server.

[0035] According to various embodiments, each of the aforementioned components (e.g., a module or a program) may include one or more individuals, and some of the individuals may be separated and arranged in other components. According to various embodiments, one or more of the aforementioned components or operations may be omitted, or one or more other components or operations may be added. Alternatively or additionally, multiple components (e.g., a module or a program) may be integrated into a single component. In this case, the integrated component may perform one or more functions of each of the multiple components in the same or similar manner as those performed by the components of the multiple components before the integration. According to various embodiments, operations performed by a module, program, or other component may be executed sequentially, in parallel, iteratively, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order, omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.

[0036] Figure 1 shows a battery cell pack according to one embodiment disclosed in this document. Referring to Figure 1, a battery cell pack 1000 according to one embodiment disclosed herein may include a battery cell module 100, a battery management device 200, and a relay 300. According to various embodiments, the battery cell module 100 may be a battery cell, in which case the battery cell pack 1000 may have a cell-to-pack structure.

[0037] Although Figure 1 shows a single battery cell module 100, according to the embodiment, the battery cell module 100 may consist of multiple modules, and the battery cell pack 1000 may have multiple battery cell modules forming a stacked structure.

[0038] The battery cell module 100 can include multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140. Although Figure 1 shows the module as having four battery cells, it is not limited to this, and the battery cell module 100 may include n (where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2) battery cells.

[0039] The battery cell module 100 can supply power to a target device (not shown). For this purpose, the battery cell module 100 can be electrically connected to the target device. Here, the target device may include an electrical, electronic, or mechanical device that operates on power supplied from a battery cell pack 1000 containing a plurality of battery cells 110, 120, 130, 140, for example, an electric vehicle (EV) or an energy storage system (ESS).

[0040] The multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140 are the basic units of a battery cell that can be used by charging and discharging electrical energy, and may be, but are not limited to, lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, lithium-ion polymer (Li-ion polymer) batteries, nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries, nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries, etc. On the other hand, although Figure 1 shows the battery cell module 100 as a single unit, according to the embodiment, the battery cell module 100 may be composed of multiple units.

[0041] The battery management device 200 can manage and / or control the state and / or operation of the battery cell module 100. For example, the battery management device 200 can manage and / or control the state and / or operation of multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140 contained in the battery cell module 100. The battery management device 200 can manage the charging and / or discharging of the battery cell module 100.

[0042] The battery management device 200 can control the operation of the relay 300. For example, the battery management device 200 can short-circuit the relay 300 to supply power to the target device. The battery management device 200 can also short-circuit the relay 300 when a charging device is connected to the battery cell pack 1000.

[0043] Furthermore, the battery management device 200 can monitor the voltage, current, temperature, etc., of the battery cell module 100 and / or the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140 contained within the battery cell module 100. In addition, for monitoring via the battery management device 200, sensors and various measurement modules (not shown) can be further installed at any location on the battery cell module 100, the charge / discharge path, or the battery cell module 100 itself. Based on the measured values ​​of voltage, current, temperature, etc., the battery management device 200 can calculate parameters indicating the state of the battery cell module 100, such as SOC (State of Charge) or SOH (State of Health).

[0044] The battery cell module 100 and the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140 may experience various changes in their capacity and internal resistance as their usage period or number of uses increases. The battery management device 200 can diagnose abnormal phenomena inside the battery cell module 100 and the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140 based on data of various factors that change as the battery cells age and deteriorate.

[0045] The battery management device 200 may be various electronic devices for managing, diagnosing, or testing batteries. For example, the battery management device 200 may be included in a Battery Management System (BMS) inside or outside the vehicle, or it may be implemented as an external device separate from the in-vehicle BMS. According to the embodiment, the battery management device 200 may be included in a server, cloud server, or device for charge / discharge testing such as a charge / discharge cycler, or it may be included in various devices for diagnosing or testing batteries.

[0046] Figure 2 is a block diagram showing a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document. Referring to Figure 2, the battery management device 200 may include an acquisition unit 210 and a controller 220. However, it is not limited to this, and some components may be omitted from the battery management device 200, and other general-purpose components may be further included in the battery management device 200.

[0047] The acquisition unit 210 can acquire status information for each of the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140. For example, the acquisition unit 210 can acquire the voltage, current, temperature, etc., for each of the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140.

[0048] The controller 220 can control the operation of the battery management device 200. According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate parameters indicating the state of each of the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140 (e.g., SOC (State of Charge), SOH (State of Health), and / or capacity) based on the voltage, current, temperature, etc. of each of the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140 acquired by the acquisition unit 210. The controller 220 can also control the operation of each of the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140 based on the calculated SOC, SOH, capacity, etc.

[0049] The controller 220 can control the operation of each of the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140, and can manage each of the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140. According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can control the charging and / or discharging of each of the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140.

[0050] According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can check the degradation status of each of the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140 and manage the charging of each of the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140 based on the degradation status. Here, the degradation status of the battery cells may mean the aging and / or degradation of the battery due to the charging and discharging of the battery cells. According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can check the degradation status of each of the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140 and manage the charging profile used for charging each of the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140 according to the degree of degradation.

[0051] The battery cell 110 may deteriorate and / or age as it undergoes repeated charging and discharging. For example, at the positive electrode of the battery cell 110, the positive electrode active material may disintegrate or by-products from charging and discharging may be generated. At the negative electrode of the battery cell 110, lithium plating (Li Plating), in which metallic lithium is deposited, may occur. In addition, the electrolyte of the battery cell 110 may be oxidized or its crystalline structure may be destroyed.

[0052] Such degradation and aging of battery cells 110 can affect the performance of battery cells 110 compared to their initial production state. It can also affect the charging performance of battery cells 110. Therefore, the battery management device 200, including the controller 220, can check and diagnose the degradation status of each of the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140. The controller 220 can also manage the charging of battery cells 110 based on the state of the degraded battery cells 110, thereby slowing down the degradation rate of the battery cells 110. For example, the controller 220 can maintain or change the charging profile based on the degradation status of battery cells 110, thereby managing the lifespan of battery cells 110.

[0053] The controller 220 may have a structure for executing instructions that realize the operation of the battery management device 200. The controller 220 can be implemented as an array of multiple logic gates for processing various operations or as a general-purpose microprocessor, and can consist of a single processor or multiple processors. For example, the controller 220 can be implemented in the form of at least one of the following: a microprocessor, a CPU, a GPU, and an AP.

[0054] The controller 220 can be configured separately from or integrated with memory and / or storage configured to temporarily store data or instruction words, and can execute instruction words stored in memory and / or storage to process various operations. Memory and / or storage can store various data, instruction words, mobile applications, computer programs, etc. For example, memory and / or storage can be implemented as non-volatile devices such as ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, PRAM, MRAM, RRAM®, FRAM®, or volatile devices such as DRAM, SRAM, SDRAM, PRAM, RRAM, FeRAM, and can be implemented in the form of HDD, SSD, SD, Micro-SD, or a combination thereof.

[0055] The controller 220 can provide the user with information regarding the degradation status or charging profile of each of the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140. For example, the controller 220 may provide information regarding the degradation status or charging profile to the user terminal via a communication unit (not shown), or it may provide information regarding the degradation status or charging profile via a display provided in the vehicle or charger.

[0056] Figure 3 shows a battery profile according to one embodiment disclosed in this document. For the sake of clarity, the operation of the controller 220 will be described below with reference to the battery cell 110, but it is not limited to this, and the operation of the controller 220 can be similarly applied to the battery cell module 100 and the multiple battery cells 110, 120, 130, and 140.

[0057] Referring to Figure 3, the controller 220 can calculate a battery profile (P) associated with the battery cell 110 based on information about the battery cell 110, including voltage, current, and temperature, acquired by the acquisition unit 210. Here, the battery profile (P) may include a profile based on parameters indicating the state of the battery cell 110 (e.g., SOC (State of Charge), SOH (State of Health), and / or capacity).

[0058] According to one embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate the capacity of the battery cell 110 based on the voltage of the battery cell 110. For example, the controller 220 can calculate the capacity of the battery cell 110 based on the current applied to the battery cell 110 and the charging time during the charging of the battery cell 110.

[0059] According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate a battery profile (P) relating to the capacity and voltage of the battery cell 110. The battery profile (P) may include the relationship between the capacity of the battery cell 110 and the voltage of the battery cell 110. For example, the x-axis in Figure 3 may be capacity (in Ah) and the y-axis may be voltage (in V).

[0060] According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate the battery profile (P) at each point in the life of the battery cell 110. For example, the controller 220 can calculate the battery profile (P) of the battery cell 110 in the BoL (Beginning of Life) state and the battery profile (P) of the battery cell 110 in the MoL (Middle of Life) state. According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate the battery profile (P) of the battery cell 110 in the BoL state through experimentation. For example, the controller 220 can calculate the battery profile (P) in the BoL state based on the production specifications of the battery cell 110.

[0061] The battery profile (P) can change during the aging and degradation process of the battery cell 110. Therefore, the controller 220 can diagnose the degradation of the battery cell 110 by comparing the battery profile (P) of the battery cell 110 in the BoL state with the battery profile (P) in the MoL state.

[0062] Figure 4 shows a battery profile according to one embodiment disclosed in this document. Referring to Figure 4, the controller 220 can separate the positive electrode profile (Q1) and the negative electrode profile (Q2) from the battery profile (P) of the battery cell 110. Then, based on the separated positive electrode profile (Q1), the controller 220 can calculate the degree of positive electrode degradation, which is the extent to which the positive electrode of the battery cell 110 has deteriorated. Similarly, based on the separated negative electrode profile (Q2), the controller 220 can calculate the degree of negative electrode degradation, which is the extent to which the negative electrode of the battery cell 110 has deteriorated. Here, the degree of degradation may refer to the extent to which the negative electrode or positive electrode has deteriorated compared to its initial production state.

[0063] According to the embodiment, the battery profile (P) shown in Figure 3 can be separated into a positive electrode profile (Q1) and a negative electrode profile (Q2) shown in Figure 4. The positive electrode profile (Q1) and negative electrode profile (Q2) in Figure 4 are schematic XY graphs where the capacity of the battery cell 110 is set on the x-axis and the voltage is set on the y-axis.

[0064] According to one embodiment, the controller 220 can separate the negative electrode profile (Q2) or the positive electrode profile (Q1) from the battery profile (P) based on either the positive electrode profile (Q1) or the negative electrode profile (Q2). For example, the controller 220 can separate the negative electrode profile (Q2) based on the battery profile (P) and the positive electrode profile (Q1). In another embodiment, the controller 220 can separate the positive electrode profile (Q1) based on the battery profile (P) and the negative electrode profile (Q2). This allows the controller 220 to separate the profile (voltage profile corresponding to capacity) of the other electrode (e.g., the positive electrode) of the battery cell 110 based on the profile (voltage profile corresponding to capacity) of a single electrode (e.g., the negative electrode) and the battery profile (P).

[0065] According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate the positive electrode profile (Q1) and the negative electrode profile (Q2) respectively using the Open Circuit Potential (OCP) of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 110. This allows the controller 220 to separate the battery profile (P) into the positive electrode profile (Q1) and the negative electrode profile (Q2).

[0066] Figure 5 shows a battery profile according to one embodiment disclosed in this document. Referring to Figure 5, Figure 5 is a graph showing the battery profile (P) of the battery cell 110 in the BoL (Beginning of Life) state and the positive electrode profile (Q1(MoL)) of the battery cell 110 in the MoL (Middle of Life) state. The x-axis of Figure 5 may represent capacity (unit: Ah), and the y-axis may represent voltage (unit: V).

[0067] According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate the degree of positive electrode degradation of the battery cell 110 by comparing the positive electrode profile (Q1(MoL)) of the battery cell 110 in the MoL state with a reference positive electrode profile. Here, the positive electrode profile (Q1(MoL)) in the MoL state may mean the positive electrode profile of the degraded battery cell 110. The reference positive electrode profile may mean the positive electrode profile of the battery cell 110 acquired at a reference point for calculating the degree of degradation of the battery cell 110. For example, the reference positive electrode profile may mean the positive electrode profile (Q1(BoL)) of the battery cell 110 in a state where it is not degraded (i.e., in the BoL state).

[0068] According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can experimentally obtain the positive electrode profile (Q1(BoL)) of the battery cell 110 in BoL state. For example, the controller 220 can obtain the positive electrode profile (Q1(BoL)) of the battery cell 110 in BoL state based on the production specifications of the battery cell 110. Alternatively, the controller 220 can obtain the positive electrode profile (Q1(BoL)) of the battery cell 110 in BoL state from an external device (e.g., a server).

[0069] According to one embodiment, the controller 220 can compare positive electrode profiles of the battery cell 110 obtained at two different time points and calculate the degree of positive electrode degradation of the battery cell 110 based on the degree to which the capacity of the positive electrode profile has decreased (△Q1). According to one embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate the degree of positive electrode degradation of the battery cell 110 based on the degree to which the capacity of the positive electrode profile of the battery cell 110 in the MoL state (Q1(MoL)) has decreased (△Q1) compared to the capacity of a reference positive electrode profile (e.g., Q1(BoL)).

[0070] According to one embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate the extent to which the current positive electrode profile capacity of the battery cell 110 has decreased (△Q1) based on the maximum capacity of the positive electrode profile of the battery cell 110 obtained at two different points in time. Here, maximum capacity may mean the capacity of the battery cell 110 when it is charged to its rechargeable capacity.

[0071] For example, if the maximum capacity of the positive electrode profile (Q1(BoL)) of battery cell 110 in BoL state is 100, and the maximum capacity of the positive electrode profile (Q1(MoL)) of battery cell 110 in MoL state is 95, the controller 220 can use the difference in the maximum capacities of each positive electrode profile to calculate the degree to which the maximum capacity of the positive electrode profile has decreased (△Q1). Here, the degree to which the maximum capacity of the positive electrode profile has decreased (△Q1) may be 5, which is the difference between 100 and 95.

[0072] According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate the positive electrode degradation level as 5% based on the current degree of decrease in the maximum capacity of the battery cell 110 (△Q1). This allows the controller 220 to diagnose the degree of positive electrode degradation, which is the degree to which the positive electrode has deteriorated compared to the initial production state (BoL) of the battery cell 110 as the battery cell 110 undergoes repeated charging and discharging.

[0073] Figure 6 shows a battery profile according to one embodiment disclosed in this document. Referring to Figure 6, Figure 6 is a graph showing the battery profile (P) of the battery cell 110 in the BoL (Beginning of Life) state and the negative electrode profile (Q2 (MoL)) of the battery cell 110 in the MoL (Middle of Life) state. The x-axis in Figure 6 may represent capacity (unit: Ah), and the y-axis may represent voltage (unit: V).

[0074] According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate the degree of negative electrode degradation of the battery cell 110 by comparing the negative electrode profile (Q2(MoL)) of the battery cell 110 in the MoL state with a reference negative electrode profile. Here, the reference negative electrode profile may mean the negative electrode profile of the battery cell 110 acquired at a reference point for calculating the degree of degradation of the battery cell 110. For example, the reference negative electrode profile may mean the negative electrode profile (Q2(BoL)) of the battery cell 110 in a state where it is not degraded (i.e., in the BoL state).

[0075] According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can experimentally obtain the negative electrode profile (Q2(BoL)) of the battery cell 110 in BoL state. For example, the controller 220 can obtain the negative electrode profile (Q2(BoL)) of the battery cell 110 in BoL state based on the production specifications of the battery cell 110. Alternatively, the controller 220 can obtain the negative electrode profile (Q2(BoL)) of the battery cell 110 in BoL state from an external device (e.g., a server).

[0076] According to one embodiment, the controller 220 can compare negative electrode profiles of the battery cell 110 acquired at two different time points and calculate the degree of negative electrode degradation of the battery cell 110 based on the degree to which the capacity of the negative electrode profile has decreased (△Q2). According to one embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate the degree of negative electrode degradation of the battery cell 110 based on the degree to which the capacity of the negative electrode profile of the battery cell 110 in the MoL state (Q2(MoL)) has decreased (△Q2) compared to the capacity of a reference negative electrode profile (e.g., Q2(BoL)).

[0077] According to one embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate the current degree of decrease (△Q2) in the negative electrode profile capacity of the battery cell 110 based on the maximum capacity of the negative electrode profile of the battery cell 110 obtained at two different points in time. Here, maximum capacity may mean the capacity of the battery cell 110 when it is charged to its rechargeable capacity.

[0078] For example, if the maximum capacity of the negative electrode profile (Q2(BoL)) of battery cell 110 in the BoL state is 100, and the maximum capacity of the negative electrode profile (Q2(MoL)) of battery cell 110 in the MoL state is 90, the controller 220 can calculate the degree to which the maximum capacity of each negative electrode profile has decreased (△Q2=10). Furthermore, based on the current degree to which the maximum capacity of battery cell 110 has decreased (△Q2=10), the controller 220 can calculate the degree of negative electrode degradation as 10%. As a result, the controller 220 can diagnose the degree of negative electrode degradation, which is the degree to which the negative electrode has deteriorated compared to the initial production state (BoL) of battery cell 110 as the battery cell 110 undergoes repeated charging and discharging.

[0079] Therefore, the controller 220 can calculate the degree of positive electrode degradation and negative electrode degradation based on the battery profile (P), and can confirm the degradation state of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 110 based on the calculated degree of positive electrode degradation and negative electrode degradation. For example, the controller 220 can confirm that the greater the degree of positive electrode degradation of the battery cell 110, the more decayed the positive electrode active material has become, or that byproducts have been generated at the positive electrode. In another embodiment, the controller 220 can confirm that the greater the degree of positive electrode degradation of the battery cell 110, the higher the internal resistance of the positive electrode has become. Conversely, the controller 220 can confirm that the greater the degree of negative electrode degradation of the battery cell 110, the more lithium plating has progressed at the negative electrode.

[0080] According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can determine the primary degradation state among the degradation state of the positive electrode and the degradation state of the negative electrode of the battery cell 110. Then, based on the determined primary degradation state, it can manage the charging profile of the battery cell 110. Here, the primary degradation state may mean the state among the degradation state of the positive electrode and the degradation state of the negative electrode that has a greater impact on the degradation of the battery cell 110.

[0081] According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can determine the degradation state of the electrode with the greater degradation degree among the positive electrode degradation degree and the negative electrode degradation degree as the primary degradation state. For example, if the degradation degree of the positive electrode is 5% and the degradation degree of the negative electrode is 10%, the controller 220 can determine the degradation state of the negative electrode, which has a greater degradation degree, as the primary degradation state.

[0082] In one embodiment, the controller 220 can manage the charge profile of the battery cell 110 based on the primary degradation state. Here, the charge profile of the battery cell 110 may include information about the intensity of the charging current (e.g., C-rate) used to charge the battery cell 110. For example, the charge profile may include a profile showing the correspondence between the capacity of the battery cell 110 and the charging current. In another embodiment, the charge profile may include a profile showing the correspondence between the state of charge (SOC) of the battery cell 110 and the charging current.

[0083] According to the embodiment, the charging profile may include a charging profile for slow charging or fast charging of the battery cell 110. For example, the charging profile may include a QC map (Quick Charge map) for fast charging of the battery cell 110.

[0084] According to the embodiment, the degradation of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell 110 can lead to different results in the charging operation of the battery cell 110. For example, the degradation of the negative electrode of the battery cell 110 may accelerate the capacity degradation of the battery cell 110 during charging operation more than the degradation of the positive electrode. Therefore, by managing the charging profile of the battery cell 110 according to the primary degradation state, the controller 220 can manage the charging of the battery cell 110 in a way that more accurately reflects the degradation state of the battery cell 110. This allows the controller 220 to prevent additional degradation of the battery cell 110 due to rapid charging.

[0085] Figure 7 shows a charging profile according to one embodiment disclosed in this document. Referring to Figure 7, the charge profile (QC) can mean an XY graph in which the charging capacity (in Ah) of the battery cell 110 is shown on the x-axis and the charging current (in A) is shown on the y-axis. According to the embodiment, the charge profile (QC) can mean a QC map (Quick Charge map) for rapid charging of the battery cell 110. Here, the charge profile can show the relationship between the battery capacity and the charging current used to charge the battery cell 110. The charging current can mean the C-rate of rapid charging.

[0086] The controller 220 can manage the charge profile based on a reference charge profile (QC) associated with the battery cell 110 when the primary degradation state is the degradation state of the positive electrode. Here, the reference charge profile (QC) may mean the charge profile associated with the BoL (Beginning of Life) state of the battery cell 110. For example, the reference charge profile (QC) may mean the fast charge profile used for fast charging of a non-degraded battery cell 110. According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can obtain the BoL state charge profile experimentally, or the controller 220 can obtain the BoL state charge profile from an external device (e.g., a server).

[0087] If the primary degradation state is positive electrode degradation, the resistance of the positive electrode increases during the charging phase of the battery cell 110, and the slope of the positive electrode voltage profile increases. Therefore, the voltage of the battery cell 110 during the charging phase can quickly reach the charging rated voltage. Thus, the controller 220 can charge the battery cell 110 without accelerating the degradation of the battery cell 110, even without changing the rapid charging profile in the BoL state.

[0088] Figures 8 and 9 show a charging profile according to one embodiment disclosed in this document. Referring to Figures 8 and 9, the charge profile (QC) may refer to an XY graph in which the charging capacity (in Ah) of the battery cell 110 is shown on the x-axis and the charging current (in A) is shown on the y-axis. According to the embodiment, the charge profile (QC) may refer to a QC map (Quick Charge map) for rapid charging of the battery cell 110. Here, the charge profile can show the relationship between the battery capacity and the charging current (i.e., C-rate) used to charge the battery cell 110.

[0089] The controller 220 can manage the charging profile of the battery cell 110 based on a second charging profile (QC2) when the primary degradation state is the degradation state of the negative electrode. Here, the second charging profile (QC2) may mean a charging profile that reflects the degradation state of the negative electrode. For example, the controller 220 can calculate the second charging profile (QC2) based on the degradation state of the negative electrode.

[0090] According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate a second charge profile (QC2) based on a first charge profile (QC1). Here, the first charge profile (QC1) may mean a charge profile related to the BoL state of the battery cell 110, and the second charge profile (QC2) may mean a charge profile related to the MoL state of the battery cell 110. For example, the first charge profile (QC1) may mean a fast charge profile used for fast charging of a non-degraded battery cell 110, and the second charge profile (QC2) may mean a fast charge profile used for fast charging of a degraded battery cell 110. According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can obtain a BoL state charge profile by experiment, and the controller 220 can obtain a BoL state charge profile from an external device (e.g., a server).

[0091] Lithium plating, the main cause of negative electrode degradation, can cause short circuits between electrodes inside the battery cell 110, leading to a decrease in the battery cell 110's capacity. For example, if the battery cell 110 is rapidly charged using a charge profile related to the BoL state of the battery cell 110, the capacity decrease due to degradation cannot be reflected, which may actually accelerate the negative electrode degradation. Therefore, if negative electrode degradation is the primary degradation state, the controller 220 can calculate a second charge profile (QC2) that reflects the degradation state of the battery cell 110. For example, the controller 220 can change the charge profile related to the BoL state to a charge profile related to the MoL state. With such an optimized charge profile, the controller 220 can slow down the rate of capacity degradation of the battery cell 110 and manage the degradation of the battery cell 110.

[0092] According to the embodiment, the second charge profile (QC2) may include two types of second charge profiles (e.g., QC2(A) or QC2(B)). A description relating thereto will be given with reference to Figures 8 and 9 below.

[0093] Referring to Figure 8, the controller 220 can calculate a second charge profile (QC2(A)) by changing the charging current of a first charge profile (QC1) related to the BoL state of the battery cell 110. Here, the first charge profile (QC1) may be a profile that shows the charging current corresponding to the capacity for rapid charging in the BoL state of the battery cell 110. According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate the second charge profile (QC2(A)) by reducing the charging current of the first charge profile (QC1) by the degree of negative electrode degradation. Here, the charging current may mean the C-rate of rapid charging.

[0094] According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate the second charge profile (QC2(A)) by reducing the charging current of the first charge profile (QC1) by the degree of negative electrode degradation (10%). For example, the controller 220 can rapidly charge the battery cell 110 at a C-rate that is reduced by the degree of negative electrode degradation (e.g., 10%) compared to when the battery cell 110 is in a BoL state. By reducing the C-rate during rapid charging by the degree of negative electrode degradation, the controller 220 can terminate charging before lithium plating occurs. As a result, the controller 220 can prevent lithium plating, improve the depth of rapid charging, and manage the degradation of the battery cell 110.

[0095] Referring to Figure 9, the controller 220 can calculate a second charge profile (QC2(B)) by changing the charge capacity of the first charge profile (QC1) associated with the BoL state of the battery cell 110. Here, the first charge profile (QC1) may be a profile that shows the charge current corresponding to the capacity for rapid charging in the BoL state of the battery cell 110. According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate the second charge profile (QC2(B)) by reducing the charge capacity of the first charge profile (QC1) by the degree of negative electrode degradation.

[0096] According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can calculate a second charge profile (QC2(B)) by reducing the charge capacity of the first charge profile (QC1) by the degree of negative electrode degradation (10%). For example, the controller 220 can calculate the capacity of the battery cell 110 charged at a specific C-rate during rapid charging as a capacity reduced by the degree of negative electrode degradation (e.g., 10%) compared to when the battery cell 110 is in a BoL state. Therefore, by reducing the charge capacity during rapid charging by the degree of negative electrode degradation, the controller 220 can terminate charging before lithium plating occurs. As a result, the controller 220 can prevent lithium plating, improve the depth of rapid charging, and manage the degradation of the battery cell 110.

[0097] Figure 10 is an operation flowchart of a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document. Referring to Figure 10, the battery management method may include the steps of: calculating a battery profile (P) related to the capacity and voltage of the battery cell 110 based on the voltage of the battery cell 110 (S101); checking the degradation state of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 110 using the battery profile (P) (S102); and managing the charging profile used to charge the battery cell 110 based on the degradation state of the positive and negative electrodes (S103). According to the embodiment, the operation of the battery management device 200 can be performed by the controller 220.

[0098] In step S101, the controller 220 can calculate a battery profile (P) related to the capacity and voltage of the battery cell 110 based on the voltage of the battery cell 110 (S101). Here, the voltage of the battery cell 110 can be obtained by the acquisition unit 210.

[0099] In step S102, the controller 220 can use the battery profile (P) to check the degradation status of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 110 (S102). According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can use the battery profile (P) to calculate the degree of positive electrode degradation, which is the extent to which the positive electrode of the battery cell 110 has deteriorated, and the degree of negative electrode degradation, which is the extent to which the negative electrode of the battery cell 110 has deteriorated. According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can separate the positive electrode profile (Q1) and the negative electrode profile (Q2) from the battery profile (P), and calculate the degree of positive electrode degradation and the degree of negative electrode degradation based on the extent to which the capacities of the positive electrode profile (Q1) and the negative electrode profile (Q2) have decreased compared to the capacities of the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile. Then, the controller 220 can check the degradation status of the positive and negative electrodes based on the degree of positive electrode degradation and the degree of negative electrode degradation.

[0100] In step S103, the controller 220 can manage the charging profile used to charge the battery cell 110 based on the degradation status of the positive and negative electrodes (S103).

[0101] Figure 11 is an operation flowchart of a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document. Referring to Figure 11, the battery management method may include the steps of: determining the primary degradation state that has a greater impact on the degradation of the battery cell 110 among the degradation state of the positive electrode and the degradation state of the negative electrode of the battery cell 110 (S201); managing the charge profile used to charge the battery cell 110 based on a first charge profile (QC1) associated with the battery cell 110 if the primary degradation state is the degradation state of the positive electrode (S202); managing the charge profile used to charge the battery cell 110 based on a second charge profile (QC2) which is a charge profile that reflects the degradation state of the negative electrode if the primary degradation state is the degradation state of the negative electrode (S203); calculating the second charge profile (QC2) by reducing the charge current of the first charge profile (QC1) by the degree of negative electrode degradation (S204); and calculating the second charge profile (QC2) by reducing the charge capacity of the first charge profile (QC1) by the degree of negative electrode degradation (S205).

[0102] In step S201, the controller 220 can determine the primary degradation state among the degradation states of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell 110 that has a greater impact on the degradation of the battery cell 110 (S201). According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can determine the primary degradation state as the degradation state of the electrode having a greater degree of degradation among the degradation states of the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0103] In step S202, if the primary degradation state is a positive electrode degradation state, the controller 220 can manage the charge profile used to charge the battery cell 110 based on the first charge profile (QC1) associated with the battery cell 110 (S202). According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can manage the charge profile while maintaining the rapid charge profile of the BoL state of the battery cell 110, and rapidly charge the battery cell 110.

[0104] In step S203, if the primary degradation state is the degradation state of the negative electrode, the controller 220 can manage the charge profile used to charge the battery cell 110 based on a second charge profile (QC2), which is a charge profile that reflects the degradation state of the negative electrode (S203). According to the embodiment, the controller 220 can rapidly charge the battery cell 110 using a second charge profile (QC2) which is a modified rapid charge profile of the BoL state of the battery cell 110.

[0105] In step S204, the controller 220 can reduce the charging current of the first charging profile (QC1) by the degree of negative electrode degradation and calculate the second charging profile (QC2) (S204).

[0106] In step S205, the controller 220 can reduce the charging capacity of the first charging profile (QC1) by the degree of negative electrode degradation and calculate the second charging profile (QC2) (S205).

[0107] Figure 12 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of a computing system for performing the operation method of a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0108] Referring to Figure 12, the computing system 2000 according to one embodiment disclosed in this document may include an MCU 2010, memory 2020, input / output interface 2030, and communication interface 2040.

[0109] The MCU2010 may be a processor that executes various programs stored in memory 2020 (for example, a battery cell characteristic data acquisition program, a battery profile generation program, a battery cell diagnostic program, etc.), processes various information including battery cell characteristic data and battery cell status data through such programs, and performs the functions of the controller 220 included in the battery management device 200 shown in Figures 1 to 11 above.

[0110] Memory 2020 can store various programs performed by MCU 2010, such as a battery cell characteristic data acquisition program, a battery profile generation program, and a battery cell diagnostic program. Memory 2020 can also store various information, including battery cell characteristic data, battery cell status data, battery cell parameters, and battery degradation level.

[0111] Multiple such memory 2020s may be provided as needed. Memory 2020 may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory. As volatile memory, RAM, DRAM, SRAM, etc., can be used for memory 2020. As non-volatile memory, ROM, PROM, EAROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, etc., can be used for memory 2020. The examples of memory 2020 listed above are merely illustrative and are not limiting.

[0112] The Input / Output I / F 2030 can provide an interface that connects input devices (not shown), such as keyboards, mice, and touch panels, with output devices (not shown), such as displays, and the MCU 2010, enabling data transmission and reception.

[0113] The communication interface 2040 is configured to send and receive various data with the server and may be various devices that support wired or wireless communication. For example, the battery management device 200 can send and receive various information, including the SOC, OCV, and parameters of the battery cells, from a separately provided external server via the communication interface 2040.

[0114] Thus, the computer program according to one embodiment disclosed in this document may be stored in memory 2020 and processed by the MCU 2010 to be implemented as a module that performs, for example, the functions shown in Figure 2.

[0115] Although all components constituting the embodiments disclosed in this document have been described as operating as a single unit or in combination, the embodiments disclosed in this document are not necessarily limited to such embodiments. That is, all components may be selectively combined into one or more units to operate within the scope of the objectives of the embodiments disclosed in this document.

[0116] Furthermore, terms such as “includes,” “constitutes,” or “possesses,” as described above, mean that they may contain the component in question, and not exclude other components, unless otherwise specified. All terms, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as those generally understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiments disclosed herein belong, unless otherwise specified. Commonly used terms, such as those defined in dictionaries, should be interpreted to be consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and not to be interpreted in an ideal or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined herein.

[0117] The aforementioned disclosures provide a general overview of some embodiments so that those skilled in the art may better understand the aspects of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand that this disclosure can be readily used as a basis for designing or modifying other structures to achieve the same purpose or benefits as the embodiments introduced herein. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that such equivalent configurations can be modified, substituted, and otherwise adapted within this specification without departing from the scope of this disclosure. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0118] 100: Battery cell module 110, 120, 130, 140: Battery cells 200:Battery management device 300: Relay 210: Acquisition Department 220: Controller 1000: Battery Cell Pack 2000: Computing Systems 2010: MCU 2020: Memory 2030: Input / Output Interface 2040: Communication I / F

Claims

1. A unit that acquires the voltage of the battery cell, Based on the voltage of the battery cell, the battery profile related to the capacity and voltage of the battery cell is calculated. Using the aforementioned battery profile, the degradation state of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell is confirmed. A controller that manages the charging profile used to charge the battery cell based on the degradation state of the positive and negative electrodes, A battery management device, including a battery management device.

2. The aforementioned controller, Based on the battery profile, the degree of positive electrode degradation, which is the degree to which the positive electrode of the battery cell has deteriorated, and the degree of negative electrode degradation, which is the degree to which the negative electrode of the battery cell has deteriorated, are calculated. The battery management device according to claim 1, which confirms the deterioration state of the positive electrode and the negative electrode based on the degree of deterioration of the positive electrode and the degree of deterioration of the negative electrode.

3. The aforementioned controller, The positive electrode profile and negative electrode profile are separated from the aforementioned battery profile. The battery management device according to claim 2, wherein the degree of degradation of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is calculated based on the extent to which the capacities of the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile have decreased compared to the capacities of a reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile.

4. The aforementioned controller, Of the degradation states of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell, determine the primary degradation state that has a greater influence on the degradation of the battery cell. The battery management device according to claim 2, which manages the charging profile based on the aforementioned primary degradation state.

5. The aforementioned controller, The battery management device according to claim 4, wherein the degradation state of the electrode having a greater degradation degree than the positive electrode degradation degree and the negative electrode degradation degree is determined to be the main degradation state.

6. The aforementioned controller, The battery management device according to claim 4, wherein, when the primary degradation state is a degradation state of the positive electrode, the device manages the charging profile used to charge the battery cell based on a first charging profile associated with the battery cell.

7. The battery management device according to claim 6, wherein the first charging profile is a charging profile related to the BoL state of the battery cell.

8. The aforementioned controller, A battery management device according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein, when the primary degradation state is the degradation state of the negative electrode, the device manages the charging profile used to charge the battery cell based on a second charging profile which is a charging profile that reflects the degradation state of the negative electrode.

9. The aforementioned controller, The battery management device according to claim 8, which calculates a second charge profile by reducing the charging current of the first charge profile by the degree of negative electrode degradation, based on a first charge profile that shows a charging current corresponding to the capacity of the battery cell related to the BoL state of the battery cell.

10. The aforementioned controller, The battery management device according to claim 8, wherein, based on a first charge profile indicating a charging current corresponding to the capacity of the battery cell related to the BoL state of the battery cell, the capacity of the first charge profile is reduced by the degree of negative electrode degradation to calculate the second charge profile.

11. The battery management device according to claim 1, wherein the charging profile is a profile showing the correspondence between the capacity of the battery cell and the charging current for rapid charging of the battery cell.

12. A step of calculating a battery profile related to the capacity and voltage of a battery cell based on the voltage of the battery cell, The steps include: confirming the degradation state of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell using the aforementioned battery profile; A step of managing the charging profile used to charge the battery cell based on the degradation state of the positive and negative electrodes, Battery management methods, including those mentioned above.

13. The step of checking the deterioration state of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell is: The steps include calculating the degree of positive electrode degradation, which is the degree to which the positive electrode of the battery cell has deteriorated, and the degree of negative electrode degradation, which is the degree to which the negative electrode of the battery cell has deteriorated, based on the battery profile, A battery management method according to claim 12, comprising the step of confirming the deterioration state of the positive electrode and the negative electrode based on the degree of deterioration of the positive electrode and the degree of deterioration of the negative electrode.

14. The step of calculating the degree of degradation of the positive electrode and the degree of degradation of the negative electrode is: The steps include separating the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile from the aforementioned battery profile, A battery management method according to claim 13, comprising the step of calculating the degree of positive electrode degradation and the degree of negative electrode degradation based on the extent to which the capacities of the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile have decreased compared to the capacities of a reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile.

15. The step of managing the charging profile is: The steps include determining the primary degradation state that has a greater influence on the degradation of the battery cell, among the degradation state of the positive electrode and the degradation state of the negative electrode of the battery cell, A battery management method according to claim 13, comprising the step of managing the charge profile based on the primary degradation state.

16. The step of determining the main deterioration state is: The battery management method according to claim 15, further comprising the step of determining the degradation state of the electrode having a greater degradation degree than the positive electrode degradation degree and the negative electrode degradation degree as the main degradation state.

17. The step of managing the charging profile is: The battery management method according to claim 15, wherein, when the primary degradation state is a degradation state of the positive electrode, the charging profile used to charge the battery cell is managed based on a first charging profile associated with the battery cell.

18. The step of managing the charging profile is: A battery management method according to any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein, when the primary degradation state is the degradation state of the negative electrode, the charging profile used for charging the battery cell is managed based on a second charging profile which is a charging profile that reflects the degradation state of the negative electrode.

19. The battery management method according to claim 18, comprising the step of calculating a second charge profile based on a first charge profile showing a charge current corresponding to the capacity of the battery cell related to the BoL state of the battery cell, by reducing the charge current of the first charge profile by the degree of negative electrode degradation.

20. The battery management method according to claim 18, comprising the step of calculating a second charge profile based on a first charge profile that shows a charging current corresponding to the capacity of the battery cell related to the BoL state of the battery cell, by reducing the capacity of the first charge profile by the degree of negative electrode degradation.

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