Blow nozzle and laser welding equipment

Abstract

The present invention provides a blow nozzle and laser welding apparatus that effectively prevent contamination of protective glass by dust during the laser welding process, and effectively avoid the dust affecting the depth and quality of the weld. [Solution] The blow nozzle comprises a main body 1 through which a laser passage 10 is provided, the laser passage being coaxial with the laser beam 3 and having an incoming end and an outgoing end, the laser beam being transmitted from the incoming end to the outgoing end, protective glass 22 located on one side of the incoming end, and a first blow passage 111 and a second blow passage 112 for supplying protective gas into the laser passage being provided through the side wall of the main body, the first blow passage being located between the second blow passage and the incoming end, the first blow passage being inclined toward the direction closer to the incoming end, and the second blow passage being inclined toward the direction closer to the outgoing end.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, and particularly to a blow nozzle and a laser welding apparatus.

Background Art

[0002] In the process of laser processing, dust (fume) is generated at the welding part of the workpiece to be welded. In order to prevent the dust from affecting the focusing lens, generally, in the transmission direction of the laser beam, a protective glass is provided downstream of the focusing lens to block the dust that dissipates in the reverse direction along the laser transmission direction. Thereby, the focusing lens is effectively protected and effective focusing of the laser beam is ensured. Similarly, it is necessary to ensure that the protective glass also maintains a clean state so that the laser beam can pass through smoothly. In the prior art, a blow nozzle is often provided at the light emitting end of the laser welding head. The blow nozzle has a hollow interior and a laser passage coaxial with the laser beam. The blow nozzle is externally connected to a protective gas source, and by sending the protective gas into the laser passage, a lateral air flow is formed. Thereby, on the one hand, by blowing away the dust that has dissipated in the reverse direction along the laser transmission direction (flowed into the laser passage from the welding area), the contamination of the protective glass by the dust can be avoided and the light transmittance of the protective glass can be ensured. On the other hand, the protective gas excludes air in the outlet area of the blow nozzle, that is, in the laser welding area, to prevent oxidation of the welding part.

[0003] However, in a processing environment under high-power conditions (when the laser output exceeds 4 KW) and deep welding conditions (5 mm), the dust scatters violently and the generation amount is large. Therefore, in the normal lateral blow method, the dust in the laser passage cannot be effectively blown away. At the same time, since the dust also absorbs laser energy, it will affect the depth and quality of the welding.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In contrast to the shortcomings of the prior art, the first objective of this invention is to provide a blow nozzle that can effectively prevent contamination of protective glass by dust and smoke, while also ensuring welding depth and quality.

[0005] The second objective of this invention is to provide a laser welding apparatus that can maintain a clean state, apply a protective gas to the weld to prevent oxidation of the weld, and ensure welding quality. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] Embodiments of this invention are realized through the following technical solutions.

[0007] A blow nozzle comprising a body, the body through which a laser passage is provided, the laser passage being coaxial with a laser beam and having an input end and an output end, the laser beam being transmitted from the input end to the output end, a protective glass located on one side of the input end, a first blow passage and a second blow passage for supplying protective gas into the laser passage provided through the side wall of the body, the first blow passage being located between the second blow passage and the input end, the first blow passage being inclined toward the direction closer to the input end, and the second blow passage being inclined toward the direction closer to the output end.

[0008] After introducing protective gas into the laser passage via the first and second blow passages, the protective gas flowing in from the first blow passage effectively removes dust adhering to the protective glass by impacting it, and also effectively cools the protective glass. Furthermore, the protective gas forms an airflow layer near the side surface of the protective glass facing the light-emitting end, effectively blocking airborne dust and preventing it from adhering to the protective glass. As the protective gas is discharged from the laser passage, the dust in the laser passage moves toward the light-emitting end along with the protective gas and is discharged. The protective gas prevents dust from flowing into the laser passage from the light-emitting end, while effectively removing air from the weld area on the workpiece, thereby preventing oxidation of the weld. Furthermore, the protective gas introduced into the laser passage from the second blow passage replenishes the protective gas introduced into the laser passage from the first blow passage, thereby preventing oxidation of the weld area of ​​the workpiece. At the same time, it accelerates the protective gas in the laser passage (introduced from the first blow passage) and creates a low-pressure environment, making it easier for dust in the laser passage to be discharged along with the protective gas. In other words, by having the first and second blow passages work together, contamination of the protective glass can be effectively prevented, and dust can also be effectively prevented from affecting the depth and quality of the weld.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of first blow passages are provided, and the plurality of first blow passages are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the laser passage.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of second blow passages are provided, and the plurality of second blow passages are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the laser passage.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of first blow passages are provided, and the airflow flux formed by the protective gas flowing into the laser passage from the first blow passages is defined as the first airflow flux, and the plurality of first airflow fluxes corresponding to the plurality of first blow passages converge at a first convergence point in the laser passage.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the first convergence point is located on the optical axis centerline of the laser beam.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the first convergence point is located on the side surface of the protective glass near the light-emitting edge.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of second blow passages are provided, and the airflow flux formed by the protective gas flowing into the laser passage from the second blow passages is defined as the second airflow flux. The plurality of second airflow fluxes corresponding to the plurality of second blow passages converge at a second convergence point in the laser passage, and the first airflow flux collides and branches at the first convergence point, then merges with the second airflow flux at the second convergence point to form a converged airflow which is discharged from the laser passage via the light-emitting end.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the second convergence point is located on the optical axis centerline of the laser beam.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, the region of the laser path near the light-emitting end is conical in shape and constitutes a convergence acceleration cavity, and the smallest diameter end of the convergence acceleration cavity is the light-emitting end.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the body comprises an intake section and a nozzle connected to each other, the convergence acceleration cavity is provided in the nozzle, the first blow passage and the second blow passage are both provided in the intake section, and the nozzle is detachably connected to the intake section.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, a reflective surface recessed toward the light-receiving end is provided on the end face of the main body near the light-emitting end, the space defined by the reflective surface and the workpiece to be welded constitutes a heat storage space, and the laser path communicates with the heat storage space.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, the wavelength of the laser beam is less than 550 nm.

[0020] A laser welding apparatus comprising a laser head and the blow nozzle, wherein in the laser head, a focusing lens and the protective glass are sequentially provided along the transmission direction of the laser beam, and the blow nozzle is attached to the laser head and is located downstream of the protective glass. The protective glass of the laser welding head can maintain a clean state, and can act on the welding part with a protective gas to prevent oxidation of the welding part and ensure the welding quality.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] To more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings necessary for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings show a part of the embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope. Those skilled in the art can conceive of other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a blow nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an assembled structure of a laser head and a blow nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the flow state of a protective gas inside the assembled structure of a laser head and a blow nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a blow nozzle with an adapter attached according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0022] To more easily understand and implement the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below while referring to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for facilitating the description of the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the mentioned device or element must have a specific orientation and must be configured and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. In the present invention, the terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for explaining specific embodiments and do not limit the present invention.

[0025] Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 4. There is a blow nozzle which is attached to the end of the laser head 2, protects the protective glass 22, and at the same time guides the protective gas to the welding area during processing by the laser welding head. For the convenience of explanation, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the blow nozzle and the laser head 2 are combined, and the cross-sectional structure diagram of the assembled structure of the two is used for explanation. Note that inside the laser head 2, a passage for transmitting the laser beam 3 is provided, and in this passage, a focusing lens 21 and a protective glass 22 are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of the laser beam 3.

[0026] Specifically, the blow nozzle comprises a main body 1 through which a laser passage 10 is provided. The laser passage 10 is coaxial with the laser beam 3 and has an incoming end 101 and an outgoing end 102, through which the laser beam 3 is transmitted from the incoming end 101 to the outgoing end 102. A protective glass 22 is located on one side of the incoming end 101. A first blow passage 111 and a second blow passage 112 are provided through the side wall of the main body 1 for supplying protective gas into the laser passage 10. The first blow passage 111 is located between the second blow passage 112 and the incoming end 101. The first blow passage 111 is inclined toward the direction closer to the incoming end 101, and the second blow passage 112 is inclined toward the direction closer to the outgoing end 102. In this embodiment, the laser beam 3 from the laser head 2 is focused by a focusing lens 21, and its focal point is located on one side of the outgoing end 102. During laser welding, when the focal point of the laser beam 3 is irradiated onto the workpiece 4, dust is generated, and some of this dust flows into the laser passage 10 from the light outlet 102 and diffuses. This dust not only absorbs the energy of the laser beam 3 and affects the welding quality, but also moves towards the light inlet 101 and poses a risk of contaminating the protective glass 22. To prevent dust from flowing into the laser passage 10 from the light outlet 102 and to prevent contamination of the protective glass 22 by effectively discharging dust that has entered the laser passage 10, protective gas is continuously supplied into the laser passage 10 via the first blow passage 111 and the second blow passage 112, respectively. The first blow passage 111 is provided at an angle toward the light-receiving end 101, and the second blow passage 112 is provided at an angle toward the light-emitting end 102. Therefore, as shown in Figure 3, the protective gas supplied from the first blow passage 111 flows toward the light-emitting end 102, i.e., the area where the protective glass 22 is located, and ultimately impacts the side surface of the protective glass 22 toward the light-emitting end 102. After being blocked by the protective glass 22, the protective gas forms an airflow layer near the side surface of the protective glass 22 toward the light-emitting end 102, moves toward the light-emitting end 102 along at least the inner wall of the laser passage 10, and is discharged from the laser passage 10.In this process, if some dust adheres to the protective glass 22, the dust is removed by the protective gas supplied from the first blow passage 111 impacting the protective glass 22, and the protective glass 22 is effectively cooled in this process. Furthermore, the removed dust, as well as dust floating in the laser passage 10, are blocked by the airflow layer, preventing them from adhering to the protective glass 22. At the same time, as the protective gas flows from top to bottom and is discharged from the laser passage 10, the dust in the laser passage 10 flows toward the light-emitting end 102 along with the protective gas and is discharged. As the protective gas is discharged from the light-emitting end 102, the protective gas prevents dust from flowing into the laser passage 10 from the light-emitting end 102, while effectively removing air from the weld area on the workpiece 4, thereby preventing oxidation of the weld 41.

[0027] Furthermore, the protective gas flowing into the laser passage 10 from the second blow passage 112 flows toward the light-emitting end 102. Since the protective gas flowing into the laser passage 10 from both the first blow passage 111 and the second blow passage 112 is discharged from the light-emitting end 102, it should be understood that the protective gas in the laser passage 10 will converge at least at the light-emitting end 102. The protective gas supplied to the laser passage 10 from the second blow passage 112 can prevent oxidation of the welded area of ​​the workpiece 4 by replenishing the protective gas supplied to the laser passage 10 from the first blow passage 111, while accelerating the protective gas that flows into the laser passage 10 from the first blow passage 111 and flows between the second blow passage 112 and the light-emitting end 102, thereby creating a low-pressure environment in that area of ​​the laser passage 10. As a result, dust in the laser passage 10 is more easily discharged toward that area due to the pressure, along with the protective gas.

[0028] Optionally, the inner diameter of the laser passage 10 gradually decreases from the light-receiving end 101 to the light-emitting end 102. With this configuration, the flow path area gradually decreases from the light-receiving end 101 to the light-emitting end 102, i.e., in the direction of protective gas discharge. Therefore, in the protective gas discharge path, the protective gas is gradually accelerated, resulting in a relatively low pressure near the light-emitting end 102 within the laser passage 10. This makes it easier for dust in the laser passage 10 to move and concentrate at the light-emitting end 102, which helps to completely discharge the dust in the laser passage 10.

[0029] Preferably, the laser passage 10 is a rotating cavity.

[0030] Preferably, multiple first blow passages 111 are provided, and the multiple first blow passages 111 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the laser passage 10. Furthermore, multiple second blow passages 112 are provided, and the multiple second blow passages 112 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the laser passage 10. In this embodiment, the number of first blow passages 111 and the number of second blow passages 112 are both 4, forming a stable, uniform, and sufficient flow of protective gas within the laser passage 10.

[0031] As shown in Figures 1 and 4, adapters 13 for external connection to a gas source are attached to both the first blow passage 111 and the second blow passage 112. To avoid interference caused by the attachment of the adapters 13, the first blow passage 111 and the second blow passage 112 are provided offset from each other in the circumferential direction of the main body 1. Naturally, in another embodiment, if no interference occurs when the adapters 13 are attached, the first blow passage 111 and the second blow passage 112 may be provided aligned in the circumferential direction of the main body 1 or provided without offsetting their positions. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in this embodiment, the first blow passage 111 and the second blow passage 112 are provided offset from each other in the circumferential direction of the main body 1. Therefore, for the sake of clarity, the blow nozzle is configured such that the first blow passage 111 and the second blow passage 112 are provided aligned in the circumferential direction of the main body 1 or provided without offsetting their positions, and the first blow passage 111 is shown by a dashed line. Furthermore, whether or not the first blow passage 111 and the second blow passage 112 are positioned offset in the circumferential direction of the main body 1 does not affect the flow method of the protective gas in the laser passage 10, and only serves to avoid interference between the adapters 13.

[0032] As shown in Figure 3, the airflow formed by the protective gas flowing from the first blow passage 111 into the laser passage 10 is defined as the first airflow a, and multiple first airflows a corresponding to multiple first blow passages 111 converge at the first convergence point A in the laser passage 10. The first airflows a collide and branch at the first convergence point A, mainly forming the first branched airflow a1 and the second branched airflow a2. Of these, the first branched airflow a1 first diffuses and flows along the protective glass 22 around the first convergence point A, and then flows in close contact with the inner wall of the laser head 2 and blow nozzle toward one side of the light-emitting end 102. The second branched airflow a2 flows toward one side of the light-emitting end 102 along a direction parallel to the optical axis centerline 30 of the laser beam 3. Here, the first branched airflow a1 can form airflow layers on the side wall of the protective glass 22 facing the light-emitting end 102, the inner wall of the laser head 2, and the inner wall of the blow nozzle. This effectively avoids the adhesion of dust and fumes, while simultaneously discharging dust and fumes in the vicinity of the first branched airflow a1 and directing it toward one side of the light-emitting end 102. The second branched airflow a2 is closer to the optical axis centerline 30 of the laser beam 3 than the first branched airflow a1, that is, the second branched airflow a2 is closer to the central region of the laser passage 10 than the first branched airflow a1. Therefore, in the process of the second branched airflow a2 flowing toward the light-emitting end 102, it can form a stable airflow near the central region of the laser passage 10, discharging dust and fumes present in the vicinity of that region and directing it toward the light-emitting end 102. Therefore, by coordinating the first branched airflow a1 and the second branched airflow a2, the adhesion of dust to the protective glass 22, laser head 2, and inside the laser passage 10 can be prevented to the greatest extent possible, while at the same time, a low pressure is generated in the airflow path region, effectively discharging dust suspended in the laser passage 10 and causing it to flow towards the light output end 102, thereby being discharged from the laser passage 10.

[0033] Preferably, the first convergence point A is located on the optical axis centerline 30 of the laser beam 3. More preferably, the first convergence point A is located on the side surface of the protective glass 22 near the light-emitting end 102. Since the laser beam 3 is coaxial with the laser path 10, when the first convergence point A is located on the optical axis centerline 30 of the laser beam 3 and on the side surface of the protective glass 22 near the light-emitting end 102, the first convergence point A coincides with the center point of the side surface of the protective glass 22 facing the light-emitting end 102. Multiple first airflows a collide with each other at the first convergence point A, and the collision is blocked by the protective glass 22. As a result, the first airflows a are branched at the first convergence point A into a uniform first branch airflow a1 and a uniform second branch airflow a2, making the airflow in the laser path 10 uniform throughout and ensuring a uniform degree of dust removal in each space within the laser path 10, especially in each space along the transmission path of the laser beam 3. This ensures the stability of the laser beam 3, thereby ensuring the stability of the welding quality. At the same time, because the first convergence point A is located at the center of the protective glass 22, the cooling effect of the first airflow a on the central region of the protective glass 22 is made stable and effective. On the other hand, because the central region of the protective glass 22 coincides with the propagation path of the laser beam 3, the protective glass 22 is ensured to have stable light transmission performance during the welding process, thereby ensuring the transmission stability of the laser beam 3, and further ensuring the stability of the welding quality.

[0034] The airflow flux formed by the protective gas flowing into the laser passage 10 from the second blow passage 112 is defined as the second airflow flux b, and multiple second airflow fluxes b corresponding to multiple second blow passages 112 converge at the second convergence point B in the laser passage 10. The first airflow flux a collides and branches at the first convergence point A, then merges with the second airflow flux b at the second convergence point B to form a converged airflow c, which is discharged from the laser passage 10 via the light-emitting end 102. Furthermore, the second convergence point B is located on the optical axis centerline 30 of the laser beam 3. In this embodiment, preferably, both the first convergence point A and the second convergence point B are located on the optical axis centerline 30. This allows for the formation of a stable converged airflow c downstream of the second convergence point B, thereby creating a stable airflow blockage relative to the light-emitting end 102. This effectively prevents dust from flowing into the laser passage 10 from the light-emitting end 102, and also effectively discharges dust that has entered the laser passage 10. Furthermore, by uniformly removing air from the area surrounding the weld 41, protective gas is uniformly distributed in the weld area, thereby ensuring the stability of the weld quality.

[0035] Optionally, the region of the laser passage 10 near the light-emitting end 102 is conical, forming a convergence acceleration cavity 103, with the smaller diameter end of the convergence acceleration cavity 103 being the light-emitting end 102. By designing the flow path to gradually decrease in size, the flow velocity of the convergence airflow c is gradually increased, creating a low-pressure environment in that area. This efficiently discharges dust from within the laser passage 10 so that it is discharged to the outside of the laser passage 10 from the light-emitting end 102.

[0036] In this embodiment, the main body 1 comprises an intake section 11 and a nozzle 12 connected to each other, a convergence acceleration cavity 103 is provided in the nozzle 12, a first blow passage 111 and a second blow passage 112 are both provided in the intake section 11, and the nozzle 12 is detachably connected to the intake section 11. Preferably, the nozzle 12 is screw-coupled to the intake section 11 to facilitate the replacement of the nozzle 12 by type.

[0037] As shown in Figure 2, the angle between the axis of the first blow passage 111 and the optical axis centerline 30 of the laser beam 3 is α, where α = 30° to 60°. Preferably, α = 45°. The angle between the axis of the second blow passage 112 and the optical axis centerline 30 of the laser beam 3 is β, where β = 30° to 60°. Preferably, β = 45°.

[0038] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, a reflective surface 120 is positioned on the end face of the main body 1 near the light-emitting end 102, recessed toward the light-receiving end 101. The space defined by the reflective surface 120 and the workpiece 4 constitutes a heat storage space 121, and the laser path 10 communicates with the heat storage space 121. In this embodiment, the shape of the reflective surface 120 may be a sphere, ellipsoid, or cone, but is not limited to these. During the welding process, a portion of the light reflected by the workpiece 4 is reflected back to the weld area by the action of the reflective surface 120. This significantly increases the heating effect of the weld area, improves the absorption rate of the laser beam 3 by the workpiece 4, and enables deep and stable welding of highly reflective materials, such as copper.

[0039] Preferably, the reflective surface 120 is spherical. The distance between the center of the reflective surface 120 and the optical axis centerline 30 of the laser beam 3 is 0 to 1 mm. Preferably, the distance between the center of the reflective surface 120 and the optical axis centerline 30 of the laser beam 3 is 0 mm, that is, the center of the reflective surface 120 is located on the optical axis centerline 30 of the laser beam 3. In this way, the focal point of the light beam reflected by the reflective surface 120 is even closer to the center of the welded joint 41.

[0040] Furthermore, the spherical center of the reflective surface 120 coincides with the focal point of the laser beam 3. As a result, the focal point of the light beam reflected by the reflective surface 120 coincides with the center of the weld 41, achieving an optimal heating effect.

[0041] In this embodiment, the radius of the reflective surface 120 is 5 mm to 10 mm. Preferably, the radius of the reflective surface 120 is 7.5 mm.

[0042] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in the horizontal direction, the width of the heat storage space 121 is greater than the width of the outlet end. This means that after the convergent airflow c is discharged from the laser passage 10 via the light outlet 102, its flow path widens. Therefore, the convergent airflow c that flows into the heat storage space 121 has its velocity reduced, quickly fills the heat storage space 121, and then diffuses into the surroundings. This effectively prevents oxidation of the weld 41 by blowing away the air around that area, i.e., the weld 41. At the same time, after the velocity of the convergent airflow c is reduced, the impact force on the weld 41 can be reduced. This further reduces the cooling effect of the convergent airflow c on the weld 41, ensuring the depth and quality of the weld.

[0043] Optionally, the protective gas may include, but is not limited to, nitrogen gas or an inert gas.

[0044] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, this embodiment provides a laser welding apparatus comprising a laser head 2 and the blow nozzle, wherein a focusing lens 21 and protective glass 22 are sequentially provided within the laser head 2 along the transmission direction of the laser beam 3, and the blow nozzle is attached to the laser head 2 and located downstream of the protective glass 22. With the blow nozzle, the protective glass 22 of the laser welding head can be kept clean, and a protective gas can be applied to the weld area 41 to prevent oxidation of the weld area 41, thereby ensuring welding quality. In this embodiment, the laser beam 3 may be a blue laser and / or an infrared laser. In the embodiment in which a reflective surface 120 is placed on the blow nozzle, it is suitably applied to blue laser processing or processing where the laser wavelength is less than 550 nm. By heating the weld area of ​​the workpiece 4 with the heat storage space 121, the absorption rate of the short-wavelength laser by a highly reflective material such as copper is increased, resulting in a better welding effect. Naturally, it is also applicable to composite welding using both red and blue lasers.

[0045] The technical means disclosed in this invention are not limited to those disclosed in the embodiments described above, but also include technical solutions consisting of any combination of the technical features described above. Those skilled in the art should note that various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of this invention, and such improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0046] 1 Main unit 10 Laser Corridor 101 Light-receiving end 102 Light output end 103 Convergence Acceleration Cavity 11 Intake section 111 First Blowway 112 Second Blowway 12 nozzles 120 Reflective surface 121 Heat storage space 13 Adapters 2 laser heads 21 Focusing lens 22 Protective Glass 3. Laser beam 30 Optical axis center line 4 Workpiece to be welded 41 Welded section a. First air flux a1 First branch airflow a2 Second branch airflow b. Second air flux c Converging airflow A First convergence point B Second convergence point

Claims

1. It is a blow nozzle, The device comprises a main body (1), through which a laser passage (10) is provided, the laser passage (10) is coaxial with the laser beam (3), and has an incoming end (101) and an outgoing end (102), the laser beam (3) is transmitted from the incoming end (101) to the outgoing end (102), The protective glass (22) is located on one side of the light-receiving end (101), The side wall of the main body (1) is provided with a first blow passage (111) and a second blow passage (112) that pass through it for supplying protective gas into the laser passage (10), the first blow passage (111) being located between the second blow passage (112) and the light receiving end (101), A blow nozzle characterized in that the first blow passage (111) is provided at an angle toward the direction closer to the light receiving end (101), and the second blow passage (112) is provided at an angle toward the direction closer to the light exit end (102).

2. The blow nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of first blow passages (111) are provided, and the plurality of first blow passages (111) are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the laser passage (10).

3. The blow nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of second blow passages (112) are provided, and the plurality of second blow passages (112) are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the laser passage (10).

4. The blow nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of first blow passages (111) are provided, the airflow flux formed by the protective gas flowing into the laser passage (10) from the first blow passages (111) is defined as a first airflow flux (a), and the plurality of first airflow fluxes (a) corresponding to the plurality of first blow passages (111) converge at a first convergence point (A) in the laser passage (10).

5. The blow nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that the first convergence point (A) is located on the optical axis center line (30) of the laser beam (3).

6. The blow nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that the first convergence point (A) is located on the side surface of the protective glass (22) near the light-emitting end (102).

7. Multiple second blow passages (112) are provided, and the airflow flux formed by the protective gas flowing into the laser passage (10) from the second blow passages (112) is defined as a second airflow flux (b), and the multiple second airflow fluxes (b) corresponding to the multiple second blow passages (112) converge at a second convergence point (B) in the laser passage (10). The blow nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that the first airflow (a) collides and branches at the first convergence point (A), then merges with the second airflow (b) at the second convergence point (B) to form a converged airflow (c), which is discharged from the laser passage (10) via the light-emitting end (102).

8. The blow nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that the second convergence point (B) is located on the optical axis center line (30) of the laser beam (3).

9. The blow nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the region of the laser passage (10) near the light-emitting end (102) is conical and constitutes a convergence acceleration cavity (103), and the smallest diameter end of the convergence acceleration cavity (103) is the light-emitting end (102).

10. The blow nozzle according to claim 9, wherein the main body (1) includes an intake section (11) and a nozzle (12) connected to each other, the convergence acceleration cavity (103) is provided in the nozzle (12), the first blow passage (111) and the second blow passage (112) are both provided in the intake section (11), and the nozzle (12) is detachably connected to the intake section (11).

11. The blow nozzle according to claim 1, wherein a reflective surface (120) recessed toward the light-receiving end (101) is arranged on the end face of the main body (1) near the light-emitting end (102), the space defined by the reflective surface (120) and the workpiece to be welded (4) constitutes a heat storage space (121), and the laser passage (10) communicates with the heat storage space (121).

12. The blow nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the wavelength of the laser beam (3) is less than 550 nm.

13. A laser welding device, A laser welding apparatus comprising a laser head (2) and a blow nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein a focusing lens (21) and the protective glass (22) are sequentially provided within the laser head (2) along the transmission direction of the laser beam (3), and the blow nozzle is attached to the laser head (2) and located downstream of the protective glass (22).

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