High-precision river water level measurement device

Abstract

We provide a high-precision river water level measuring device. [Solution] The system comprises a floating plate 1, a Beidou positioning device 2, a water level exploration unit 3, a vibration measurement unit 4, a power module, a controller 7, a signal transmission unit 8, a cross plate, an extension plate, a compression spring, and a winding mechanism. The expandable floating plate structure automatically adapts to water flow shocks, and by combining 3D vibration monitoring and sonar data fusion processing, wave interference errors are suppressed by dynamic weighting, enabling accurate measurement of static and dynamic water levels. The data is transmitted over a public wireless communication network after real-time filtering, improving monitoring reliability under complex aquatic conditions. Dynamic compensation for wave disturbances, automatic buoyancy adjustment, millimeter-level measurement, and dynamic error correction are achieved, significantly improving the accuracy and stability of water level monitoring in river field environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water level measurement, and specifically to a high-precision river water level measurement device.

Background Art

[0002] In the operation management of water conservancy projects and the hydrological monitoring system, the high-precision measurement of river water level is a fundamental technical support. In particular, the accurate measurement of the real-time water level in the river channel and the extreme flood water level during the flood period is not only the key to obtaining hydrological basic data, but also directly related to the scientific judgment of the basin flood prevention system.

[0003] For swimming pools and water storage areas, the water level monitoring accuracy directly affects the accuracy of flood diversion judgment. When the rising water situation reaches the critical threshold, a water level error of a few millimeters may lead to a difference in the judgment of the usability of a water storage pool area of several square kilometers. This is not only related to preventing significant economic losses, but also related to ensuring the life and property safety of downstream residents, and has become a core attention index of the flood prevention command department.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-precision river water level measurement device.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] The high-precision river water level measurement device according to the present invention has the following configuration. The system comprises a floating plate (1), a Beidou positioning device (2) provided at the upper end of the floating plate (1), a water level exploration unit (3) provided at the lower end of the floating plate (1) for measuring water level data, a vibration measurement unit (4) provided at the upper end of the floating plate (1) for measuring vibration data of the device, a power module provided at the upper end of the floating plate (1), a controller (7) provided at the upper end of the floating plate (1) for calculating a weighted average value of vibration data and water level data in real time, a signal transmission unit (8) provided at the upper end of the floating plate (1) for receiving signal data from the controller (7) and transmitting signals, and a cross plate (9) attached to the bottom of the floating plate (1).

[0006] An extension plate (10) is slidably fitted inside the cross plate (9), and a compression spring (11) is fixed inside the cross plate (9), with one end of the compression spring (11) fixed to one side of the extension plate (10). A winding mechanism is fixed to the bottom of the float plate (1), connected to the extension plate (10), and controls the sliding of the extension plate (10).

[0007] The float plate (1) is made of polystyrene foam, and the water level detection unit (3) is a water level detection sonar device.

[0008] The power module includes a lithium battery (5) and a solar panel (6), the solar panel (6) being electrically connected to the lithium battery (5) via a solar controller.

[0009] The controller (7) receives water level data from the water level exploration unit (3) and seismic data measured by the seismic measurement unit (4) in real time. The signal transmission unit (8) includes a signal transmission unit and an antenna transmission unit. The signal transmission unit receives signal data from the controller (7) and generates a transmission signal, and the antenna transmission unit receives the transmission signal generated by the signal transmission unit. The antenna transmission unit employs public wireless communication network transmission.

[0010] The four ends of the cross plate (9) are provided with sliding grooves that fit the extension plate (10), and the extension plate (10) is slidably fitted into the sliding grooves, and a passage opening is provided at the center of the cross plate (9).

[0011] The winding mechanism includes a rotating shaft (14) and a pull cord (15). The rotating shaft (14) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the float plate (1) and located inside the opening. The inner wall of the opening of the cross plate (9) is provided with cord holes that communicate with the slide groove. One end of each of the four sets of pull cords (15) is wound around and fixed to the outside of the rotating shaft (14), and the other end passes through the cord hole and is fixed inside the slide groove of the extension plate (10). The compression spring (11) is externally fitted to one end of the pull cord (15) inside the slide groove.

[0012] A base (12) is fixed to the upper end of the floating plate (1), a motor (13) is installed inside the base (12), and the output shaft of the motor (13) passes through the floating plate (1) and is fixed to the rotating shaft (14). [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Dynamic compensation for wave disturbances improves water level measurement accuracy, automatically reduces the weighting of sonar data during violent turbulence, and suppresses errors by using a filtering algorithm, thereby significantly reducing dynamic measurement errors. The polystyrene float plate and expandable extension structure enhance resistance to water flow impact, automatically expand the contact area when buoyancy is insufficient to prevent sinking, and ensure the device's sustained and stable floating in rapids. Millimeter-class sonar ranging and Beidou positioning work together to output static, high-precision water level data, while also achieving dynamic water level correction through 3D turbulence monitoring. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0014] [Figure 1] Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the high-precision river water level measuring device according to the present invention. [Figure 2] Schematic diagram of the second overall structure of the high-precision river water level measuring device according to the present invention. [Figure 3] Enlarged view of section A in Figure 2 [Figure 4] Enlarged view of section B in Figure 2 [Figure 5] Front cross-sectional view of the local structure of the high-precision river water level measuring device according to the present invention. [Figure 6]Enlarged view of section C in Figure 5 [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0015] Hereinafter, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings.

[0016] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6. The river water level high-precision measuring device proposed in this application comprises a floating plate (1), a water level exploration unit (3), and a cross plate (9). The floating plate (1) provides buoyancy and a mounting base to the device. The Beidou positioning device (2) is provided at the upper end of the floating plate (1) and provides Beidou positioning signals. The water level exploration unit (3) is provided at the lower end of the floating plate (1) and measures water level data. The vibration measuring unit (4) is provided at the upper end of the floating plate (1) and measures vibration data of the device. The power supply module is provided at the upper end of the floating plate (1) and supplies power. The controller (7) is provided at the upper end of the floating plate (1) and calculates the weighted average value of vibration data and water level data in real time. The Beidou positioning device (2) and the power supply module are electrically connected to the controller (7). The signal transmission unit (8) is electrically connected to the controller and receives signal data from the controller (7) and transmits signals. The signal transmission unit (8) is provided at the upper end of the floating plate (1). The cross plate (9) is fixed to the bottom of the floating plate (1), and the extension plate (10) is slidably fitted inside the cross plate (9). A compression spring (11) is fixed inside the cross plate (9), and one end of the compression spring (11) is fixed to one side of the extension plate (10). The winding mechanism is fixed to the bottom of the floating plate (1), connected to the extension plate (10), and controls the sliding of the extension plate (10).

[0017] The float plate (1) is made of polystyrene foam, and the water level detection unit (3) is a high-precision water level detection sonar device with a water level observation accuracy of millimeters. The water level detection sonar device is electrically connected to the controller (7).

[0018] The power module includes a lithium battery (5) and a solar panel (6), the solar panel (6) being electrically connected to the lithium battery (5) via a solar controller. The solar panel (6) converts solar energy into electrical energy and charges the lithium battery (5). The lithium battery (5) is electrically connected to a controller (7).

[0019] The controller (7) receives water level data surveyed by the water level exploration unit (3) and seismic data measured by the high-precision seismic measurement unit (4) in real time. The signal transmission unit (8) includes a signal transmission unit and an antenna transmission unit. The signal transmission unit receives signal data from the controller (7) and generates a transmission signal, and the antenna transmission unit receives the transmission signal generated by the signal transmission unit. The antenna transmission unit employs public wireless communication network transmission.

[0020] The signal transmission unit is the communication core between the device and the remote monitoring center. It consists of a signal transmission part and an antenna transmission part, adopts the public wireless communication network transmission mode, and is suitable for application scenarios where there is no wired network in the river channel outdoors. The signal transmission unit can adopt an industrial-grade 4G / 5G / NB-IoT wireless communication module, built-in with a data cache chip and a CRC check circuit, and is electrically connected to the controller via a serial port or a bus. It can receive information such as weighted water level data, Beidou positioning coordinates, device power supply status, swing amplitude, etc. output by the controller, complete data encoding, packaging, and inspection processing, and effectively avoid transmission errors. At the same time, it supports the dual modes of regular reporting and trigger reporting. When the water level is static, it uploads regular data with low power consumption, and automatically triggers real-time upload when there is a water level rise or severe shaking of the device. It can cache data during signal interruption, realize retransmission from the breakpoint after communication recovery, and prevent data loss. The antenna transmission unit can adopt an omnidirectional high-gain waterproof antenna, with an antenna gain of 5 dBi or more, and can realize omnidirectional signal transmission and reception in the vertical and horizontal directions. It is installed at the highest position of the upper end of the floating plate, avoiding shielding by other components, and ensuring stable signal transmission in the river channel open area and local shielding scenarios. The high-frequency interface between the antenna and the signal transmission unit adopts a sealed waterproof connection, and the attached cable is a low-loss coaxial shielded cable, which can withstand river water erosion, moisture intrusion, and electromagnetic interference, meeting the needs of long-term stable operation in the wild.

[0021] The sway measurement unit can adopt a high-precision attitude measurement module integrating a 3-axis gyro + 3-axis acceleration sensor, and is fixedly installed at the center position of the upper end of the floating plate. It can collect real-time data on the sway angle, tilt angle, and vibration frequency of the X, Y, and Z axes of the device, and the measurement resolution reaches 0.01°. It can accurately identify minute sway and severe sway caused by waves and water flow impacts, and provide original attitude data for the dynamic compensation algorithm of the controller. The measurement unit is electrically connected to the controller via a serial port, and the data sampling frequency is 10 Hz or more, ensuring the real-time and continuity of attitude monitoring.

[0022] The controller can adopt an industrial-grade 32-bit high-performance microcontroller, preferably an embedded MCU of the STM32F103 or STM32F407 series, or a low-power industrial control chip integrating algorithms dedicated to hydrological monitoring.

[0023] Slide grooves adapted to the extension plates (10) are provided at the four ends of the cross plate (9). The extension plates (10) are slidably fitted into the slide grooves. A through hole is provided at the center position of the cross plate (9), and the through hole is square-shaped.

[0024] The winding mechanism includes a rotating shaft (14) and a pulling string (15). The rotating shaft (14) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the floating plate (1) and is located inside the through hole. String holes communicating with the slide grooves are provided on the inner wall of the through hole of the cross plate (9). One end of the four sets of pulling strings (15) is wound and fixed outside the rotating shaft (14), and the other end passes through the string holes and is fixed inside the slide grooves of the extension plates (10). The compression spring (11) is inserted externally at one end of the pulling string (15) inside the slide groove.

[0025] A base (12) is fixed to the upper end of the floating plate (1). A motor (13) is installed inside the base (12). The output shaft of the motor (13) penetrates the floating plate (1) and is fixed to the rotating shaft (14). The motor (13) is electrically connected to the controller (7).

[0026] In the embodiment of the present invention, the floating plate (1) is made of polystyrene foam material to form a floating platform. The cross plate (9) and the extension plates (10) provided at the bottom thereof form an expandable buoyancy structure. When the device is impacted by water flow and the buoyancy is insufficient, the motor (13) drives the rotating shaft (14) to release the wound pulling string (15). The extension plates (10) slide outward due to the elasticity of the compression spring (11), effectively expanding the contact area of the floating plate and enhancing the stability of the buoyancy. The Beidou positioning device (2) acquires the position information of the device in real time, and the high-precision sonar device collects the original water level data by millimeter-level ranging technology.

[0027] The core of this device lies in the dynamic compensation mechanism of the vibration measurement unit (4) and the controller (7). The vibration measurement unit (4) continuously monitors the three-dimensional vibration amplitude caused by waves, and if severe vibration occurs in the device, the controller (7) constructs a data reliability evaluation model using a Kalman filter. This model dynamically adjusts the weighting of sonar data according to the vibration amplitude, assigning smaller weights during periods of large vibration amplitude because path deviations may occur in the sonar signal due to the tilt of the sensor. In relatively stable measurement sections, larger weights are assigned to high-precision sonar data. By performing weighted averaging on multiple sets of continuously collected data, random errors due to wave interference are effectively removed, bringing the final water level measurement closer to the true value. During static measurements, the sonar device directly outputs data with millimeter-level accuracy, and during dynamic measurements, the fusion algorithm can significantly reduce measurement errors.

[0028] The signal transmission unit (8) utilizes public wireless communication network transmission technology to transmit processed water level data to a remote monitoring center in real time, forming a complete closed-loop water condition monitoring system. This device improves measurement accuracy and reliability in complex field hydrological environments through adaptive buoyancy adjustment and dynamic error compensation.

[0029] The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the above description. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical spirit of this invention, and all such modifications and alterations shall fall within the scope of protection of this invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0030] 1: Floating plate 2: Beidou positioning device 3: Water level exploration unit 4: Shake measurement unit 5: Lithium battery 6: Solar panels 7: Controller 8: Signal transmission section 9: cross board 10: Stretched plate 11: Compression spring 12: Base 13: Motor 14: Rotation axis 15: Pull cord

Claims

1. Floating plate (1), The Hokuto positioning device (2) is provided at the upper end of the float plate (1), A water level exploration unit (3) is provided at the lower end of the float plate (1) and measures water level data, A vibration measuring unit (4) is provided at the upper end of the float plate (1) and measures vibration data of the device, A power supply module is provided at the upper end of the floating plate (1), A controller (7) is provided at the upper end of the float plate (1) and calculates a weighted average value of the shaking data and the water level data in real time. A signal transmission unit (8) is provided at the upper end of the floating plate (1) and receives signal data from the controller (7) and transmits the signal, A cross plate (9) is fixed to the bottom of the float plate (1), An extension plate (10) is slidably fitted inside the cross plate (9), A compression spring (11) is fixed inside the cross plate (9), with one end fixed to one side of the extension plate (10), A winding mechanism is fixed to the bottom of the float plate (1), connected to the extension plate (10), and controls the sliding of the extension plate (10). A high-precision river water level measuring device characterized by having the following features.

2. The material of the float plate (1) is polystyrene foam, and the water level detection unit (3) is a water level detection sonar device. The river water level high-precision measuring device according to claim 1.

3. The power module includes a lithium battery (5) and a solar panel (6), the solar panel (6) being electrically connected to the lithium battery (5) via a solar controller. The river water level high-precision measuring device according to claim 2.

4. The controller (7) receives water level data from the water level exploration unit (3) and seismic data measured by the seismic measurement unit (4) in real time. The signal transmission unit (8) includes a signal transmission unit and an antenna transmission unit. The signal transmission unit receives signal data from the controller (7) and generates a transmission signal. The antenna transmission unit receives the transmission signal generated by the signal transmission unit. The aforementioned antenna transmission unit employs public wireless communication network transmission. The river water level high-precision measuring device according to claim 3.

5. The four ends of the cross plate (9) are provided with sliding grooves that fit the stretching plate (10), and the stretching plate (10) is slidably fitted into the sliding grooves. A passage is provided at the center of the cross plate (9). The river water level high-precision measuring device according to claim 4.

6. The winding mechanism includes a rotating shaft (14) and a pull cord (15). The rotating shaft (14) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the floating plate (1) and is located within the passage opening. A string hole communicating with the slide groove is provided in the inner wall of the passage opening of the cross plate (9). One end of each of the four sets of pull cords (15) is wrapped around and secured to the outside of the rotating shaft (14). The other end of the pull cord (15) passes through the cord hole and is fixed to one side of the slide groove in the extension plate (10). The compression spring (11) is externally fitted to one end of the slide groove in the pull cord (15). The river water level high-precision measuring device according to claim 5.

7. A base (12) is fixed to the upper end of the floating plate (1). A motor (13) is installed inside the base (12). The output shaft of the motor (13) passes through the float plate (1) and is fixed to the rotating shaft (14). The river water level high-precision measuring device according to claim 6.

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