building

Abstract

To provide a building in which a roof can be supported while suppressing waste of column materials.SOLUTION: A building comprises: a building body in which an indoor space is formed; a roof extending from an outer periphery of the building body toward an outside and covering an outside space from the above; and a plurality of columns supporting the roof from the below. The plurality of columns includes first columns and second columns that are shorter than the first columns. The first column includes: a first main body column supporting the roof; and a first decorative material surrounding the first main body column. The second column includes: a second main body column which supports the roof and which has a cross section smaller than that of the first main body column; and a second decorative material which surrounds the second main body column and which has a cross section same as the first decorative material.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to buildings. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art As described in Patent Document 1, a building is known that has a roof covering an outdoor space, such as a garage or an entrance porch, from above.

[0003] Patent Document 1 describes a residential building with a front porch, a front porch adjacent to the front porch, and a garage. The building has a lower roof that covers the front porch, the front porch, and the garage from above, and the lower roof is inclined relative to the horizontal direction. The lower roof is supported from below by pillar walls installed at the boundaries between the front porch, the front half of the front porch, and the front half of the garage. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2001-323666 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The pillars supporting the lower roof (sloped roof) in Patent Document 1 include long pillars that support the roof at a relatively high position, and short pillars that support the roof at a relatively low position. The inventors noticed that the load applied to the short pillars is smaller than that applied to the long pillars, and therefore the durability required for the short pillars is lower than that for the long pillars. If the cross-sectional areas of the long pillars and the short pillars are made the same, the durability of the short pillars will be excessive, resulting in waste of pillar material.

[0006] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide a building that is capable of supporting a roof while minimizing waste of pillar materials. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] A building according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a building main body in which an indoor space is formed, a roof that extends outward from the outer periphery of the building main body and covers the external space from above, and a number of columns that support the roof from below. The number of columns includes a first column and a second column that is shorter than the first column. The first column has a first main body column that supports the roof, and a first decorative material that surrounds the first main body column. The second column has a second main body column that supports the roof and has a smaller cross-sectional area than the first main body column, and a second decorative material that surrounds the second main body column and has the same external size as the first decorative material. The roof is a sloped roof whose height changes along the roof surface, the first pillar supports a first height portion of the roof, and the second pillar supports a second height portion of the roof that is lower than the first height portion, and the first pillar and the second pillar have a flat cross-sectional shape whose dimension in a direction perpendicular to the slope direction of the sloped roof is larger in a plan view than the dimension in a direction along the slope direction of the sloped roof. .

[0008] In the above building, among the multiple columns supporting the roof, the cross-sectional area of ​​the relatively short second main column is smaller than that of the relatively long first main column. A short column requires less durability and a smaller cross-sectional area to support the roof than a long column. Therefore, according to the above building, it is possible to support the roof while reducing waste of column material compared to a building in which the cross-sectional areas of the first and second main columns are the same. Moreover, because the external size of the first decorative material and the second decorative material are the same, the appearance of the columns can be unified even if the cross-sectional areas of the first and second main columns are different.

[0009] In the above-mentioned building, the roof may be a sloped roof whose height varies along the roof surface. The first pillar may support a first height portion of the roof. The second pillar may support a second height portion of the roof that is lower than the first height portion.

[0010] In the building, the plurality of columns may include flat columns having a cross section that is long in one direction. The flat columns may be provided such that a longitudinal direction faces an interior or exterior direction of the building.

[0011] With this configuration, the open area between the columns is larger than when the flat columns are installed with their short sides facing inside and outside the building, and it also provides the effect of shielding the eaves space from the outside.

[0012] In the above-mentioned building, the flat column may be provided on the outer periphery on the south side of the building.

[0013] With this configuration, the flat pillar on the south side can prevent the western sun from shining into the main body of the building. Effect of the Invention

[0014] As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a building that is capable of supporting a roof while minimizing waste of pillar materials. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1 is a plan view showing a schematic structure of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an elevational view seen from the direction indicated by the arrow II in FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is an elevational view seen from the direction indicated by the arrow III in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic internal structure of the first pillar. [Figure 6] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic internal structure of a second pillar. [Figure 7] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic internal structure of the south pillar. [Figure 8] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of the joint structure between the first pillar and the roof. [Figure 9] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of the joint structure between the first main body column and the foundation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0016] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0017] The building 1 according to this embodiment is a large-scale public facility of several tens of meters in size, made of wood and one story, and includes a main building 10 in which an indoor space is formed. As shown in Fig. 1, the indoor space includes a number of areas separated from each other by partition walls, such as various store areas IS1-IS7, IS11, an eat-in area IS8, an electrical equipment area IS9, and a passage area IS10. Although not shown in the drawings, a lodging area, a bathing area, and the like are also provided in another building built on the same site as the main building 10.

[0018] The building main body 10 includes an east-side exterior wall 11 facing the east side, a west-side exterior wall 12 facing the west side, a south-side exterior wall 13 facing the south side, and a north-side exterior wall 14 facing the north side. These exterior walls form the outer periphery of the building main body 10.

[0019] As shown in Fig. 1, store areas IS1 to IS3 are provided facing a south-side outer wall 13, and store areas IS4 to IS6 and IS11 are provided facing a west-side outer wall 12. As shown in Fig. 2, the west-side outer wall 12 has a plurality of windows 12A arranged horizontally to allow viewing into the store areas IS4 to IS6. Similarly, as shown in Fig. 3, the south-side outer wall 13 has a plurality of windows 13A arranged horizontally to allow viewing into the store areas IS1 to IS3.

[0020] In the building 1 according to this embodiment, there is a west-side eaves space OS1 (external space) extending along the west-side outer wall 12, and a south-side eaves space OS2 (external space) extending along the south-side outer wall 13 (hatched area in FIG. 1). As shown in FIG. 1, the west-side eaves space OS1 is a rectangular space in plan view that is long in the north-south direction, and is used as a food court, for example, by installing tables and chairs therein. The south-side eaves space OS2 is a rectangular space in plan view that is long in the east-west direction, and is provided continuous with the west-side eaves space OS1. A staircase 80A is provided in the south-side eaves space OS2. Both the west-side eaves space OS1 and the south-side eaves space OS2 are separated from the indoor space by the outer wall of the building main body 10, and are open to the external space of the building 1.

[0021] In addition, one of the west side under-eaves space OS1 and the south side under-eaves space OS2 may be omitted. Also, under-eaves spaces may be provided on the north side and the east side of the building 1.

[0022] The building 1 has a roof 20 that extends outward (toward the front of the paper in Figures 2 and 3) from the outer periphery of the building main body 10 (the outer surfaces of the west side exterior wall 12 and the south side exterior wall 13). This roof 20 covers the west side eaves space OS1 and the south side eaves space OS2 from above. The roof 20 in this embodiment is a sloped roof whose height changes along the roof surface when viewed from the direction of arrow II in Figure 1, and is sloped at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal plane (Figure 2). On the other hand, the roof 20 in this embodiment has an eaves purlin 24 that extends horizontally when viewed from the direction of arrow III in Figure 1. In other words, the height position of the eaves purlin 24 is constant in the horizontal direction.

[0023] The building 1 comprises multiple west-side columns 30 and multiple south-side columns 90 that support the roof 20 from below. As shown in Fig. 1, the west-side columns 30 are arranged on the outer periphery of the west side of the building 1 (left side in Fig. 1), and the south-side columns 90 are arranged on the outer periphery of the south side of the building 1 (south side in Fig. 1). In other words, the west edge of the roof 20 is supported by the west-side columns 30, and the south edge of the roof 20 (eaves purlin 24) is supported by the south-side columns 90. The west-side columns 30 and the south-side columns 90 are arranged in a row at equal intervals from each other.

[0024] 2, the multiple western pillars 30 include a first pillar 31 and a second pillar 32 that is shorter than the first pillar 31. The first pillar 31 supports a first height portion 21A of the roof 20 (the top of the roof 20 in this embodiment). On the other hand, the second pillar 32 supports a second height portion 22A of the roof 20 that is lower than the first height portion 21A.

[0025] The load applied from the roof 20 to the west column 30 increases according to the length of the west column 30. The first column 31 has a length such that the load received from the roof 20 exceeds a predetermined threshold, and the second column 32 has a length such that the load received from the roof 20 does not exceed the predetermined threshold.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 3, when viewed from the direction of arrow III in FIG. 1, a step ST1 is formed in the ground G1, and the building 1 is built to straddle the step ST1. Stairs 80A (FIG. 1) are provided corresponding to this step ST1. When viewed from the direction of arrow III in FIG. 1, the eaves purlin 24 of the roof 20 extends while maintaining a constant height in the horizontal direction, and is supported from below by a south-side pillar 90. For this reason, the height of the south-side pillar 90 differs between one side and the other side of the step ST1. That is, a relatively long south-side pillar 90 is arranged on the ground G1 on the low ground side, while a relatively short south-side pillar 90 is arranged on the ground G1 on the high ground side.

[0027] Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in Fig. 1. In Fig. 4, the dashed line marked with the symbol L1 indicates the height (ground level) of the ground G1 on the low ground side, with the step ST1 as the boundary. The dashed line marked with the symbol L2 indicates the ground level of the ground G1 on the high ground side, with the step ST1 as the boundary. The dashed line marked with the symbol L3 indicates the floor level of the building main body 10 (Fig. 1).

[0028] As shown in Fig. 4, the foundation 80 includes a T-shaped foundation slab 81 buried in the ground and a horizontal concrete floor 82 connecting the upper ends of the foundation slabs 81. As indicated by the dashed line marked with the symbol L3, the floor level is approximately the same as the upper end level of the foundation slab 81. On the floor surface, a plurality of columns 30A constituting the building main body 10 (Fig. 1) are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction. In addition, a partition wall 30B is provided in a portion of the floor surface that corresponds to the step ST1.

[0029] The ceiling beams 25 on the first floor of the building main body 10 extend horizontally across the step ST1. The ceiling beams 25 are supported from below by the foundation 80 and the columns 30A so that the height of the ceiling beams 25 is kept constant on both sides of the step ST1. In other words, the height of the ceiling beams 25 is the same on one side and the other side of the step ST1. For this reason, the floor height of the first floor indoor space in the building main body 10 is relatively large on the low ground side (right side in FIG. 4) based on the step ST1, and the floor height of the first floor indoor space is relatively small on the high ground side (left side in FIG. 4) based on the step ST1.

[0030] Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the first pillar 31 perpendicularly to the length direction. As shown in Fig. 5, the first pillar 31 in this embodiment is a flat pillar having a cross section (rectangular cross section) that is long in one direction. The first pillar 31 includes a first main body pillar 41 that supports the roof 20 from below, two first decorative pillars 42, 43 arranged on both sides of the first main body pillar 41, and a first decorative material 44 that surrounds these pillars.

[0031] In this embodiment, the first main body column 41 and the first decorative columns 42, 43 are all wooden columns with a square cross section, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first main body column 41 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first decorative columns 42, 43. The first main body column 41 and the first decorative columns 42, 43 are aligned in a row at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the first column 31.

[0032] The first decorative material 44 is a cover material having a rectangular outer shape, and in this embodiment, is divided into multiple members. Specifically, the first decorative material 44 includes a main cover portion that constitutes the long side portion of the first pillar 31, and four L-shaped corner cover portions. Of the first main body pillar 41 and the first decorative pillars 42, 43, it is the first main body pillar 41 that mainly functions as a structural material that supports the roof 20. For this reason, the first decorative pillars 42, 43 may be omitted.

[0033] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the second column 32 perpendicularly to the length direction, and corresponds to FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 6, the second column 32 in this embodiment is a flat column having a long cross section (rectangular cross section) in one direction like the first column 31, and has the same cross-sectional size as the first column 31. As shown in FIG. 6, the second column 32 includes a second main body column 51 that supports the roof 20 from below, two second decorative columns 52, 53 arranged on both sides of the second main body column 51, and a second decorative material 54 that surrounds these columns. The second decorative material 54 is divided into multiple members like the first decorative material 44. As in the case of the first column 31, it is the second main body column 51 that mainly functions as a structural material that supports the roof 20 among the second main body column 51 and the second decorative columns 52, 53. For this reason, the second decorative columns 52, 53 may be omitted.

[0034] The second main body column 51 and the second decorative columns 52, 53 are both wooden columns with a square cross section. The second main body column 51 and the second decorative columns 52, 53 are arranged in a row at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the second column 32. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second main body column 51 is smaller than that of the first main body column 41, and the external size of the second decorative material 54 is the same as that of the first decorative material 44. Therefore, the first column 31 and the second column 32 have a uniform appearance, although the cross-sectional sizes of the main body columns arranged inside are different from each other.

[0035] Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the south-side column 90 perpendicularly to the length direction. As shown in Fig. 7, the south-side column 90 is a flat column having a cross section (rectangular cross section) that is long in one direction, similar to the west-side column 30. The south-side column 90 includes two interior columns 91, 92 that support the eaves purlin 24 (Fig. 3) of the roof 20 from below, and a decorative material 93 that surrounds the interior columns 91, 92.

[0036] The interior columns 91, 92 are both wooden columns with square cross sections and the same cross-sectional area. The interior columns 91, 92 are arranged in a row at intervals along the length of the south-side column 90.

[0037] The decorative material 93 is a cover material having a rectangular outer shape and is divided into a plurality of members. Specifically, the decorative material 93 includes a main cover portion that constitutes the long side portion of the south-side pillar 90, and four L-shaped corner cover portions.

[0038] As shown in Fig. 1, in this embodiment, flat columns (west column 30 and south column 90) are provided on both the west and south outer peripheries of the building 1. Here, each flat column is provided so that its longitudinal direction faces the inside and outside direction of the building 1 (direction perpendicular to the outer wall of the building main body 10). This makes it easier to enter and exit the west side eaves space OS1 and the south side eaves space OS2, and also makes it easier to see inside the store areas IS1 to IS6, compared to when load-bearing walls are used instead of flat columns.

[0039] Figure 8 shows in detail the joint structure between the first column 31 and the roof 20 in region VIII in Figure 1. As shown in Figure 8, the roof 20 includes a number of inclined beams 21 that are inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal plane, and a number of purlins 22 that extend in a direction perpendicular to the inclined beams 21. The purlins 22 are arranged at equal intervals in the inclination direction of the roof 20 (the horizontal direction in Figure 2). Components such as rafters and roof panels are arranged on top of the purlins 22.

[0040] The diagonal beam 21 and the purlin 22 are each attached to the upper end of the first column 31. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 8, a metal fitting 60 is attached to the upper end of the first main column 41 via a mounting pin. This metal fitting 60 is inserted into a groove (not shown) formed in one end of the diagonal beam 21, and multiple drift pins 61 are inserted into one end of the diagonal beam 21 and the metal fitting 60, so that one end of the diagonal beam 21 is fixed to the upper end of the first main column 41 via the metal fitting 60. On the other hand, the purlin 22 is attached by placing one end in the length direction on the upper end of one of the first decorative columns 42 (the decorative column on the inside of the building 1).

[0041] 8, a wooden protruding part 63 that protrudes outward is attached via metal fittings (not shown) to the upper end of the first main body column 41. The upper end of the other first decorative column 43 (the decorative column on the outside of the building 1) is fixed to the front end of the protruding part 63 via a pipe-shaped fixture 62. Note that the second column 32 is also joined to the roof 20 in the same way as the first column 31, so a detailed description will be omitted.

[0042] FIG. 9 shows the joint structure between the first main body column 41 and the foundation 80 in detail.

[0043] As shown in Fig. 9, the first main body column 41 is fixed onto the foundation 80 via a metal fitting 74. Specifically, the metal fitting 74 includes a base portion 75 made of an H-shaped steel and fixed to the upper surface of the foundation 80 by a bolt 75A, and a plate portion 76 extending vertically upward from the upper flange of the base portion 75. The plate portion 76 is inserted into the lower end of the first main body column 41, and a pin 72 is inserted into the plate portion 76 and a hole in the lower end of the first main body column 41. As a result, the lower end of the first main body column 41 is fixed to the foundation 80 via the metal fitting 74.

[0044] Like the first main body column 41, the first decorative columns 42, 43, the second main body column 51 and the second decorative columns 52, 53 are fixed onto the foundation 80 by metal fittings 74. Descriptions of the joint structure between each column and the foundation 80 are omitted to avoid duplication.

[0045] As described above, in the building 1 according to this embodiment, the roof 20 is supported by the west-side column 30 and the south-side column 90, so the west-side eaves space OS1 and the south-side eaves space OS2 are more open than in a building in which the roof 20 is supported by a load-bearing wall, and people can easily enter and exit these eaves spaces. As described with reference to Figs. 5 and 6, among the multiple west-side columns 30 supporting the west side portion of the roof 20, the cross-sectional area of ​​the relatively short second main body column 51 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the relatively long first main body column 41. The short column has a smaller durability required to support the roof 20 than a long column, and the required cross-sectional area is also smaller. Therefore, according to the building 1 according to this embodiment, it is possible to support the roof 20 while reducing waste of column materials compared to a building in which the cross-sectional areas of the first main body column 41 and the second main body column 51 are the same. Moreover, since the external size of the first decorative material 44 and the second decorative material 54 is the same, it is possible to achieve a unified appearance even if the cross-sectional areas of the first main body column 41 and the second main body column 51 are different.

[0046] Other embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0047] In the present invention, the building structure is not limited to wood construction, and may be steel frame construction. In this case, H-shaped steel or the like may be used as the first main body column 41 and the second main body column 51, and the first main body column 41 may be formed thicker than the second main body column 51. Furthermore, the building of the present invention is not limited to a one-story building, and may be a two-story or higher building. In a one-story building, a flat roof can be formed by keeping the ceiling beams 25 horizontal. On the other hand, in a two-story or higher building, the floor of the indoor space on the second floor can be made flat by keeping the ceiling beams 25 horizontal.

[0048] The first pillar 31 is not limited to supporting the top of the roof 20, and may support a portion lower than the top. Furthermore, the first pillar 31 is not limited to supporting a sloping roof by the first pillar 31 and the second pillar 32. For example, a flat roof may be provided horizontally so as to straddle a step in the ground G1, with the first pillar 31 disposed on the ground G1 on the lower side and the second pillar 32 disposed on the ground G1 on the higher side, and the flat roof may be supported from below by the first pillar 31 and the second pillar 32.

[0049] Flat columns do not have to be adopted as the western columns 30 and the southern columns 90, and the cross-sectional shape of all or a part of the western columns 30 and the southern columns 90 may be, for example, square.

[0050] The roof 20 is not limited to being supported entirely by the west side columns 30 and the south side columns 90, and may be partially supported by the load-bearing walls.

[0051] The embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative in all respects and should not be construed as limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, not the above description, and is intended to include all modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0052] 1. Building 10. Main Building 20. Roof 21A First height section 22A Second height section 30 West Pillar (Pillar) 31 Pillar 1 32 Pillar 2 41 First main pillar 44 First Decorative Material 51 Second main pillar 54 Second cosmetic material OS1 West side roof space (exterior space) OS2 South side roof space (exterior space)

Claims

1. A building, A building body in which an indoor space is formed; A roof extending outward from the outer periphery of the building body and covering the external space from above; a plurality of columns supporting the roof from below; The plurality of pillars includes a first pillar and a second pillar that is shorter than the first pillar, The first pillar has a first main body pillar supporting the roof and a first decorative material surrounding the first main body pillar, The second pillar has a second main body pillar that supports the roof and has a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the first main body pillar, and a second decorative material that surrounds the second main body pillar and has the same outer size as the first decorative material, The roof is a sloped roof whose height varies along the roof surface; the first pillar supports a first height portion of the roof; the second pillar supports a second height portion of the roof that is lower than the first height portion; A building, wherein the first pillar and the second pillar have a flat cross-sectional shape in which, when viewed in a plan view, the dimension in a direction perpendicular to the slope direction of the sloped roof is greater than the dimension in the direction along the slope direction of the sloped roof.

2. The building according to claim 1 , wherein the sloped roof has a sloped beam attached to the upper end of the first main column and the upper end of the second main column, and a plurality of purlins extending in a direction perpendicular to the sloped beam.

3. The first pillar has a first decorative pillar arranged in a direction perpendicular to the inclination direction with respect to the first main body pillar and surrounded by the first decorative material, The second pillar has a second decorative pillar arranged in a direction perpendicular to the inclination direction with respect to the second main body pillar and surrounded by the second decorative material, The building according to claim 2 , wherein an upper end of the first decorative column and an upper end of the second decorative column are each attached to a different main building among the plurality of main buildings.

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