Staircase base material and construction method
Patent Information
- Application Number
- JP2021013184
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2021-01-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2041-01-29
Abstract
Description
[Technical field]
[0001] The present invention relates to a base material for stairs and a method for constructing stairs. [Background technology]
[0002] Stairs installed in buildings such as houses serve as a passageway connecting upper and lower floors, but they are usually installed after the wall materials for the stairwell are installed, and stairs are not installed in the initial stages of construction. Therefore, in order to carry out construction work on the upper floors, it is necessary to install temporary work ladders to transport materials and workers, which creates problems such as increased labor hours for installing and removing the temporary ladders and difficulty in transporting and moving them.
[0003] To address this problem of installing temporary ladders, for example, Patent Document 1 describes an invention relating to a method of constructing a staircase in which a temporary ladder-substitute staircase S is installed for various construction work after construction, and then the temporary ladder-substitute staircase S is changed into an original staircase S' by refinishing the staircase S, eliminating the need to install and remove the temporary ladder.
[0004] Similarly, Patent Documents 2 to 5 describe inventions relating to so-called "temporary dual-purpose stairs" that combine a base material (tread base) and a decorative material (tread decorative material), in which the base material (tread base) is used as the treads of a temporary staircase for work, and after the necessary work is completed, the decorative material (tread decorative material) is fixed in place to complete the stairs.
[0005] In this type of temporary / commercial staircase, the temporary staircase constructed using the base material as the tread can be used as a safe and comfortable work passageway, but because it is used before the construction of the decorative surface, which is easily scratched, the construction of protective materials to protect the decorative surface is basically unnecessary, which is advantageous in terms of labor saving. Furthermore, when considering the scratches often seen in conventional staircases due to a lack of protective materials, and the work of removing and disposing of the protective materials required after work is completed, it is known that overall work efficiency is greatly improved.
[0006] On the other hand, the walls inside the staircase are required to be made of fire-resistant materials to prevent fires and retard the spread of fire. For example, Patent Document 6 describes an invention relating to a staircase structure in which a joint member 50 made of a fire-resistant material is sandwiched between the building framework 90 and the stringers 12 to form a gap, and a plate-shaped fireproof plate 60 made of a fire-resistant material is inserted into the gap, and the joint member 50 and the fireproof plate 60 continuously cover the walls inside the staircase with fireproof material. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]
[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 8-144461 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 4110340 [Patent Document 3] Patent No. 4244263 [Patent Document 4] Patent No. 5986385 [Patent Document 5] Patent No. 5986383 [Patent Document 6] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-2080 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]
[0008] Incidentally, the Japan Housing Finance Agency's Ministerial Order Semi-Fireproof Structure is a structure with fireproofing performance equivalent to that of the Semi-Fireproof Structure stipulated in the Building Standards Act. The specifications stipulate that plasterboard or side panels with a thickness of 30 mm or more should be used as the wall base for staircases. Furthermore, it stipulates the use of battens as covering materials directly below the joints of the plasterboard or side panels.
[0009] In order to make a stairwell quasi-fireproof as specified by the Ministerial Ordinance, it is possible to construct the stairs after covering the entire wall of the stairwell with non-combustible materials such as plasterboard. However, since the stairs cannot be constructed until the wall materials are installed, the stairs cannot be used for work in the early stages of construction.
[0010] On the other hand, if the stairs are constructed before the installation of non-combustible materials such as plasterboard, problems arise in the installation of the non-combustible materials in the later process. That is, in order to install the non-combustible materials above and below the support members of the already constructed stair treads, the non-combustible materials must be cut to fit the shape of the top and bottom of the support members. If the support members are straight side panels, it is easy to cut the non-combustible materials in a straight line to match the upper edges of the side panels, but if the support members are sawtooth supports (stringers), the non-combustible materials must also be cut to a sawtooth shape. It is very difficult to cut non-combustible materials such as plasterboard into a sawtooth shape, and considering that the battens required by the Ministerial Ordinance for Semi-Fireproof Construction also require a similar sawtooth shape, it is practically impossible.
[0011] On the other hand, in the case of temporary / commercial stairs, in order to be able to use them as a work passageway as soon as possible, it is necessary to construct the stairs as soon as possible. However, as mentioned above, if temporary / commercial stairs are constructed before the construction of non-combustible materials, extremely complicated processing is required for the non-combustible materials such as plasterboard, which is not realistic. In contrast, if temporary / commercial stairs are constructed after the construction of non-combustible materials, such complicated processing is not necessary, but the construction of non-combustible materials must be carried out first, which means that the work passageway cannot be used as soon as possible, which is contrary to the purpose of improving the efficiency of construction.
[0012] Furthermore, the fireproof structure in the invention described in the cited document 6 has the following problems in conformity with the Japan Housing Finance Agency's ministerial ordinance quasi-fireproof structure. First, the joint member 50 is said to form a gap between the building framework 90 (pillars and studs) and the stringer 12 (support) into which a plate-shaped fireproof board 60 (plasterboard) made of a fireproof material can be inserted. If this gap is made large, it is easy to insert the fireproof board 60. However, the inserted part of the fireproof board 60 is sandwiched between the building framework 90 and the stringer 12, making it impossible to fix it with screws or the like. This makes it easy to generate gaps (gaps that must be avoided in ministerial ordinance fireproof structures) between adjacent fireproof boards 60 and between the building framework 90, which poses a major problem in terms of fireproofing.
[0013] On the other hand, if the gap is made smaller, the fire prevention problem is somewhat reduced, but it is difficult to insert heavy and fragile plasterboard into a narrow gap in the first place. If the plasterboard warps even slightly, it will get caught and cannot be inserted. In addition, regardless of the size of the gap, it is impossible to install a batten as a covering material on the back side of the plasterboard. Inserting plasterboard into a gap like this is extremely difficult in the first place, as it does not meet the specifications for quasi-fireproof construction as stipulated by the Japan Housing Finance Agency's Ministerial Ordinance.
[0014] Furthermore, although cited document 6 does not disclose anything about the installation of heat insulation materials, judging from the structure, it seems that the heat insulation materials will have to be installed after the joint members 50 and stringers 12 (supports) are installed. The glass wool is fluffy and weak, and it seems that it would have to be inserted into a narrow space by poking it from above and below with a stick or the like, and it does not seem like a structure that takes into consideration the installation of heat insulation materials.
[0015] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and provides a staircase base material and a staircase construction method that enable staircase construction in the early stages of construction, meets the specifications of the Ministerial Ordinance for quasi-fireproof construction, and is easy to construct. This is particularly effective for stairs that also serve as work passages, such as temporary stairs. [Means for solving the problem]
[0016] In order to solve the above problems, the staircase base material of the present invention is a staircase base material installed between the support base of a staircase tread and the column member of a staircase chamber, and is characterized in that it is formed with an approximately C-shaped cross section and is made of a board member made of a non-combustible material and abutment members provided along two opposing sides of one side of the board member, and the abutment members protrude outward from each of the two opposing sides.
[0017] It is also preferable that the width of the plate member in the height direction is equal to or larger than the width of the receiving base in the height direction.
[0018] Also preferably, the peripheral edge of the plate member is composed of five or less straight lines.
[0019] It is also preferable that the batten member is provided with a notch through which the post member is inserted.
[0020] It is also preferable that a heat insulating layer is provided between the opposing batten members.
[0021] The staircase construction method of the present invention is a staircase construction method using the above-mentioned staircase base material, characterized in that the staircase base material is fixed along the installation position of the support base of the staircase tread, the support base is fixed from the surface of the fixed staircase base material, and the staircase tread is fixed to the fixed support base.
[0022] It is also preferable that the area of the fixed board member of the staircase base material is equal to or larger than the area of the receiving base, and that the fixed receiving base does not protrude from the board member. Effect of the Invention
[0023] The staircase base material of the present invention is a staircase base material installed between the base of the staircase tread and the column member of the staircase, and is formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section by a plate member made of a non-combustible material and a batten member provided along two opposing sides of one side of the plate member. By fixing this staircase base material along the installation position of the base of the staircase tread, a non-combustible layer can be provided between the base and the column member. Then, by fixing the base from the surface of the fixed staircase base material and fixing the staircase tread to the fixed base, the staircase can be constructed before the non-combustible material is applied to the entire wall of the staircase, so that the staircase can be used for work in the early stages of construction. This is particularly effective for stairs that also serve as a work passage, such as temporary stairs.
[0024] In addition, because the batten members extend outward from each of the two opposing sides of the board members, when the non-combustible material is installed in a later process so that it contacts the top and bottom of the staircase base material, the batten members will be located directly under the joint between the board members of the staircase base material and the non-combustible material, so there is no need to install batten again, making installation easy. In addition, the non-combustible material can be cut to fit the top and bottom shapes of the staircase base material, so there is no need to cut it into a sawtooth shape to fit the support base, making installation easy. In addition, by providing a non-combustible layer and arranging the batten members, the specifications for quasi-fireproof structures as stipulated in the Ministerial Ordinance can be met.
[0025] Furthermore, if the height-wise width of the plate member is greater than or equal to the height-wise width of the receiving base, when non-combustible material is applied above and below the stair base material in a subsequent process, the non-combustible material will not come into contact with the receiving base, making application even easier.
[0026] Furthermore, when the peripheral edge of the plate member is composed of five or less straight lines, the plate member can be formed by cutting the noncombustible material along five or less straight lines, which makes processing extremely easy.
[0027] In addition, if the batten member has a notch through which the pillar member can be inserted, the pillar member can be inserted through the notch so that it does not get in the way when fixing the stair base material.
[0028] Furthermore, when a heat insulating layer is provided between opposing batten members, the heat insulating layer can be provided in advance so that it is difficult to install because it is blocked by the batten members, pillar members, etc.
[0029] The method for constructing stairs of the present invention is a method for constructing stairs using the above-mentioned staircase base material, and by fixing the staircase base material along the installation position of the support base of the staircase tread, a non-combustible layer can be provided between the support base and the column member. Then, by fixing the support base from the surface of the fixed staircase base material and fixing the staircase tread to the fixed support base, the stairs can be constructed before the non-combustible material is installed on the entire wall of the staircase, so that the stairs can be used for work in the early stages of construction. This is particularly effective for stairs that also serve as a work passage, such as temporary stairs.
[0030] Furthermore, if the area of the fixed board member of the staircase base is equal to or greater than the area of the receiving base and the fixed receiving base does not protrude from the board member, when the non-combustible material is applied around the staircase base in a subsequent process, the non-combustible material will not come into contact with the receiving base, making application even easier.
[0031] In this way, the present invention provides a staircase base material and a staircase construction method that enable staircase construction in the early stages of construction, meets the specifications of the Ministerial Ordinance for Semi-fireproof Construction, and is easy to construct. This is particularly effective for stairs that also serve as work passages, such as temporary stairs. [Brief description of the drawings]
[0032] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a construction method for stairs according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a construction method for stairs according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction method for a staircase according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a view taken along the arrow E in FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 4 is a view taken along the arrow e in FIG. [Figure 6]FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. 2C is a side view showing a staircase base material. [Figure 7] FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. 2C is a side view showing a staircase base material. [Figure 9] FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 4 is a view taken along the arrow F in FIG. 3. [Figure 11] FIG. 4 is a view taken along the arrow f in FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. 2C is a side view showing a staircase base material. [Figure 13] FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. [Figure 14] FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. 2C is a side view showing a staircase base material. [Figure 15] FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. [Figure 16] FIG. 4 is a view taken along the arrow G in FIG. [Figure 17] FIG. 4 is a view taken along the arrow g in FIG. [Figure 18] FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. 2C is a side view showing a staircase base material. [Figure 19] FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. [Figure 20] FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. 2C is a side view showing a staircase base material. [Figure 21] FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. [Figure 22] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a method for installing non-combustible materials. [Diagram 23] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a staircase base material according to another embodiment. [Figure 24] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a construction method for stairs according to another embodiment. [Diagram 25]FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. 2C is a side view showing a staircase base material. [Figure 26] FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. 2C is a side view showing a staircase base material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0033] Next, a staircase base material and a staircase construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 26. First, a staircase construction method according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are perspective views showing the staircase construction method, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the staircase construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[0034] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the staircase construction method according to this embodiment involves installing stairs in a staircase room 100 surrounded by multiple columns 1 and multiple partition studs 2. The stairs installed in the staircase room 100 are composed of a first straight staircase X continuing from the lower floor, a spiral staircase Y that is connected to the top end of the first straight staircase X and changes direction by 180 degrees, and a second straight staircase Z that is connected to the top end of the spiral staircase Y and continues to the upper floor.
[0035] When constructing the stairs, first, as shown in Figure 1, stair base materials A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, and D2 are fixed to the columns 1 on both sides along the first straight staircase X, the spiral staircase Y, and the second straight staircase Z. At this time, the stair base materials are fixed from the inside of the staircase toward the columns 1. The fixing positions of each stair base material are aligned with the installation positions of the support bases for the treads that will be fixed later, and they gradually rise from the lower floor to the upper floor.
[0036] The staircase base materials A1 and A2 correspond to the first straight staircase X. The staircase base materials B1, B2, C1, and C2 correspond to the spiral staircase Y. The staircase base materials D1 and D2 correspond to the second straight staircase Z.
[0037] After the staircase base material is fixed, the supports a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2, d1, and d2 are fixed to the surface of the fixed staircase base material as shown in Figure 2. The correspondence between the staircase base material and the supports is A1-a1, A2-a2, B1-b1, B2-b2, C1-c1, C2-c2, D1-d1, and D2-d2. When the supports are fixed, the staircase base material is installed between the supports of the stair treads and the column members of the staircase. The column members here include both the column 1 and the partition 2. The outside of the column members becomes the exterior wall or the room wall.
[0038] Once the support base is fixed, the stair treads are fixed to the fixed support base and the stairs are constructed. At this time, no wall surface other than the stair base material is constructed, and only the wall surface along the stairs is constructed. In this state, the upper and lower floors are connected, so the area can be used for work. The wall surfaces above and below the stair base material are constructed at predetermined stages according to the progress of construction. The surface of the stair base material is finally covered with decorative materials, etc.
[0039] Next, the staircase base material and the support base will be described in detail with reference to Figures 4 to 20. In the following explanation, the outer periphery (A1-a1, B1-b1, B2-b2, C1-c1, C2-c2, D1-d1) of the staircase hall 100 will be described, and the inner periphery (A2-a2, D2-d2) will not be described.
[0040] First, we will explain the section from the first straight staircase X to the lower section of the spiral staircase Y. Figure 4 is a view from the arrow E in Figure 3, showing the staircase from the outside. Figure 5 is a view from the arrow e in Figure 3, showing the staircase from the inside.
[0041] The staircase base material A1 and the support plate a1 are fixed to the first straight staircase X. As shown in FIG. 6, the staircase base material A1 is formed of a trapezoidal plate member 10 and batten members 11, 12, 13, and 14 provided along two opposing sides of one side of the plate member 10, and has a cross section that is approximately U-shaped. The plate member 10 is made of a non-combustible material, and is preferably made of plasterboard, but other materials such as calcium silicate board, metal plate such as iron plate or aluminum, and wood that has been treated for non-combustibility can also be used. Since it is necessary to use a non-combustible material, in the case of plasterboard, the thickness is 12.5 mm or more, and in the case of other materials, the thickness is appropriate for each material. When fixing the non-combustible material, the staircase base material A1, to the column 1, the left and right ends of the plate member 10 are abutted against the column 1 to fix it.
[0042] The batten members 11 and 12 are provided along the upper oblique side of the plate member 10. The batten members 13 and 14 are provided along the lower oblique side of the plate member 10. The batten members are square timbers, and are covering members that comply with the specifications of the Japan Housing Finance Agency's Ministerial Ordinance on Semi-Fireproof Structure. In this embodiment, square timber with a cross section of 45 mm x 105 mm or more is used. It is not necessary for the material to be non-combustible.
[0043] A notch is provided between the batten members 11 and 12 and between the batten members 13 and 14. This notch is for inserting a pillar member (particularly stud 2) located midway through the staircase base material A1 when the staircase base material A1 is fixed to the pillar member.
[0044] The batten members 11, 12, 13, and 14 protrude outward from each of the two opposing sides. That is, the batten members 11 and 12 protrude upward from the upper oblique side of the board member 10, and the batten members 13 and 14 protrude downward from the lower oblique side of the board member 10. The protruding portions of the batten members are intended to position the batten members directly below the joints between the board members of the staircase base material and the noncombustible material when the noncombustible material is installed so as to contact the top and bottom of the staircase base material in a later process.
[0045] It is preferable that the position of the batten members is such that the upper oblique side (lower oblique side) of the plate member 10 is at the center in the width direction of the batten members 11, 12 (13, 14).
[0046] Also, a heat insulating layer can be provided by arranging urethane foam, glass wool, rock wool, etc. between the opposing batten members (between the batten members 11, 12 and the batten members 13, 14). In this way, a heat insulating layer that would be difficult to install in a later process because it would be blocked by the batten members or pillar members, etc., can be provided in advance.
[0047] The receiving base a1 is a member whose upper oblique side is formed in a sawtooth shape as shown in Fig. 7. The height direction width of the board member 10 of the staircase base material A1 is equal to or greater than the height direction width of the receiving base a1, so that the receiving base a1 does not protrude from the staircase base material A1 when the receiving base a1 is fixed to the staircase base material A1.
[0048] The staircase base material B1 and the receiving plate b1 are fixed to the lower part of the spiral staircase Y. As shown in FIG. 8, the staircase base material B1 is formed of a rectangular plate member 20 and batten members 21, 22, 23, and 24 provided along two opposing sides of one side of the plate member 20, and has a cross section that is approximately U-shaped. The plate member 20 is made of a non-combustible material, and is preferably made of plasterboard, but other materials such as calcium silicate board, metal plate such as iron plate or aluminum, and wood that has been treated for non-combustibility can also be used. Since it is necessary to be a non-combustible material, in the case of plasterboard, the thickness is 12.5 mm or more, and in the case of other materials, the thickness is appropriate for each material. When fixing the staircase base material B1 to the pillar 1, the left and right ends of the plate member 20 are abutted against the pillar 1 to fix it.
[0049] The batten members 21 and 22 are provided along the upper side of the plate member 20. The batten members 23 and 24 are provided along the lower side of the plate member 20. The batten members are square timbers, and are covering members that comply with the specifications of the quasi-fireproof structure of the Ministerial Ordinance of the Japan Housing Finance Agency. In this embodiment, square timber with a cross section of 45 mm x 105 mm or more is used. It is not necessary for the material to be non-combustible.
[0050] A notch is provided between the batten members 21 and 22 and between the batten members 23 and 24. This notch is for inserting a pillar member (particularly stud 2) located midway through the staircase base material B1 when it is fixed to the pillar member.
[0051] The batten members 21, 22, 23, and 24 protrude outward from each of the two opposing sides. That is, the batten members 21 and 22 protrude upward from the upper side of the board member 20, and the batten members 23 and 24 protrude downward from the lower side of the board member 20. The protruding portions of the batten members are intended to position the batten members directly below the joints between the board members of the staircase base material and the noncombustible material when the noncombustible material is installed so as to contact the top and bottom of the staircase base material in a later process.
[0052] It is preferable that the position of the batten members is such that the upper side (lower side) of the plate member 20 is at the center in the width direction of the batten members 21, 22 (23, 24).
[0053] Also, a heat insulating layer can be provided by arranging urethane foam, glass wool, rock wool, etc. between the opposing batten members (between the batten members 21, 22 and the batten members 23, 24). In this way, a heat insulating layer that would be difficult to install in a later process because it would be blocked by the batten members, pillar members, etc. can be provided in advance.
[0054] The support base b1 is a member whose upper edge is formed in a sawtooth shape, as shown in Fig. 9. The height direction width of the board member 20 of the staircase base material B1 is equal to or greater than the height direction width of the support base b1, so that when the support base b1 is fixed to the staircase base material B1, the support base b1 does not protrude from the staircase base material B1.
[0055] Next, the middle section of the spiral staircase Y will be described. Figure 10 is a view taken along the arrow F in Figure 3, showing the staircase from the outside. Figure 11 is a view taken along the arrow f in Figure 3, showing the staircase from the inside.
[0056] Stair base materials B2, C1 and backing plates b2, c1 are fixed to the middle section of the spiral staircase Y. Figures 12 to 15 are diagrams showing the stair base material B2, backing plate b2, stair base material C1 and backing plate c1. The configurations of the stair base materials B2, C1 and backing plates b2, c1 are similar to those of the stair base material B1 and backing plate b1, so a description thereof will be omitted.
[0057] Next, we will explain the section from the top of the spiral staircase Y to the second straight staircase Z. Figure 16 is a view from the arrow G in Figure 3, showing the staircase from the outside. Figure 17 is a view from the arrow g in Figure 3, showing the staircase from the inside.
[0058] A staircase base material C2 and a backing plate c2 are fixed to the upper part of the spiral staircase Y. Figures 18 and 19 are diagrams showing the staircase base material C2 and the backing plate c2. The configurations of the staircase base material C2 and the backing plate c2 are similar to those of the staircase base material B1 and the backing plate b1, so a description thereof will be omitted.
[0059] A staircase base material D1 and a support plate d1 are fixed to the second straight staircase Z. Figures 20 and 21 are diagrams showing the staircase base material D1 and the support plate d1. The configurations of the staircase base material D1 and the support plate d1 are the same as those of the staircase base material A1 and the support plate a1, so the explanation will be omitted.
[0060] In addition, apart from comparing the corresponding individual staircase base materials with the receiving bases, when multiple staircase base materials are fixed, the area of the plate member of the fixed staircase base material is equal to or larger than the area of the receiving base to which it will be fixed later, so that the fixed receiving base does not protrude from the plate member. This ensures that when the non-combustible material is installed around the staircase base material in a later process, the non-combustible material will not come into contact with the receiving base.
[0061] Fig. 22 is an explanatory diagram of a method of installing non-combustible materials. As shown in Fig. 2(A), stairs are installed using the staircase base material A and the support plate a, and in a later process, non-combustible materials 80, 90 are installed above and below the staircase base material A. The non-combustible materials 80, 90 are cut and processed so as to follow the upper and lower oblique sides of the staircase base material A. Then, as shown in Fig. 22(B), the non-combustible materials 80, 90 are abutted against the upper and lower oblique sides of the board member 110 of the staircase base material A and fixed to the column member. At this time, the batten members 111, 112 are located immediately below the joints between the board member 110 of the staircase base material A and the non-combustible materials 80, 90, so there is no need to attach the batten again.
[0062] In addition, since the area near the bottom step of the first straight staircase is narrow and difficult to work on, instead of installing non-combustible material in a later process, the board member of the staircase base material can be made approximately triangular in shape and the non-combustible material can be integrated into the lower hypotenuse side.
[0063] Moreover, in order to facilitate processing, it is preferable that the peripheral portion of the plate member is composed of as few straight lines as possible. In this embodiment, the peripheral portion of the plate member is composed of four or five straight lines (rectangle or pentagon), but it can also be composed of, for example, three straight lines (triangle). In this way, it is preferable that the peripheral portion of the plate member is composed of five or fewer straight lines. Note that it is also possible to make part of the peripheral portion curved, but considering the ease of processing, it is naturally preferable that it is composed of only straight lines.
[0064] The staircase base material and staircase construction method according to this embodiment are particularly effective when applied to the temporary staircase described in the background art. That is, in a temporary staircase where the base material (tread base) is used as the tread of a temporary staircase for work, and the decorative material (tread decorative material) is fixed after the necessary work is completed to complete the staircase, the construction has an excellent effect as a construction to meet the specifications of the Japan Housing Finance Agency's ministerial ordinance for quasi-fireproof structure.
[0065] The staircase base material according to this embodiment is a staircase base material installed between the base of the staircase tread and the column member of the staircase, and is formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section by a plate member made of a non-combustible material and a batten member provided along two opposing sides of one side of the plate member. By fixing this staircase base material along the installation position of the base of the staircase tread, a non-combustible layer can be provided between the base and the column member. Then, by fixing the base from the surface of the fixed staircase base material and fixing the staircase tread to the fixed base, the staircase can be constructed before the non-combustible material is applied to the entire wall of the staircase, so that the staircase can be used for work in the early stages of construction. This is particularly effective for stairs that also serve as a work passage, such as temporary stairs.
[0066] In addition, because the batten members extend outward from each of the two opposing sides of the board members, when the non-combustible material is installed in a later process so that it contacts the top and bottom of the staircase base material, the batten members will be located directly under the joint between the board members of the staircase base material and the non-combustible material, so there is no need to install batten again, making installation easy. In addition, the non-combustible material can be cut to fit the top and bottom shapes of the staircase base material, so there is no need to cut it into a sawtooth shape to fit the support base, making installation easy. In addition, by providing a non-combustible layer and arranging the batten members, the specifications for quasi-fireproof structures as stipulated in the Ministerial Ordinance can be met.
[0067] In addition, since the height-wise width of the plate member is greater than or equal to the height-wise width of the receiving base, when non-combustible material is installed above and below the staircase lower component in a subsequent process, the non-combustible material does not come into contact with the receiving base, making installation even easier.
[0068] Furthermore, since the peripheral edge of the plate member is formed by five or less straight lines, the plate member can be formed by cutting the noncombustible material using five or less straight lines, which makes processing extremely easy.
[0069] In addition, since the batten members are provided with cutouts through which the pillar members can be inserted, the pillar members can be inserted into the cutouts so that they do not get in the way when fixing the staircase base material.
[0070] Furthermore, since a heat insulating layer is provided between the opposing batten members, it is possible to provide in advance a heat insulating layer that would be difficult to install because it would be blocked by batten members, pillar members, etc.
[0071] The method for constructing stairs according to this embodiment is a method for constructing stairs using the above-mentioned staircase base material, and by fixing the staircase base material along the installation position of the support base of the staircase tread, a non-combustible layer can be provided between the support base and the column member. Then, by fixing the support base from the surface of the fixed staircase base material and fixing the staircase tread to the fixed support base, the stairs can be constructed before the non-combustible material is installed on the entire wall of the staircase, so that the stairs can be used for work in the early stages of construction. This is particularly effective for stairs that also serve as a work passage, such as temporary stairs.
[0072] In addition, the area of the board member of the fixed staircase base material is equal to or greater than the area of the receiving base, and the fixed receiving base does not protrude from the board member. Therefore, when non-combustible material is installed around the staircase base material in a later process, the non-combustible material does not come into contact with the receiving base, making installation even easier.
[0073] In this way, the staircase base material and the staircase construction method according to the present embodiment enable staircase construction in the early stages of construction, can meet the specifications of the Ministerial Ordinance for quasi-fireproof construction, and is easy to construct. This is particularly effective for stairs that also serve as work passages, such as temporary stairs.
[0074] The above describes the staircase base material and staircase construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various other modifications are possible.
[0075] For example, in the above embodiment, the width of the plate member of the staircase base material in the height direction is set to be equal to or larger than the width of the receiving base in the height direction, but it can also be set to be equal to or smaller than the width of the receiving base in the height direction. Figure 23 shows a staircase base material according to another embodiment. In Figure 23(A), the width of the plate member of the staircase base material in the height direction is set to be equal to or larger than the width of the receiving base in the height direction, as in the above embodiment, but in Figures 23(B) and 23(C), it is set to be equal to or smaller than the width of the receiving base in the height direction. In this case, when installing non-combustible materials above and below the staircase base material in a later process, installation is possible if the non-combustible materials can be inserted between the already fixed receiving plate a and the column member. However, since this reduces workability, it is preferable to have as little difference as possible with the height direction of the receiving base, and Figure 23(b) is more preferable than Figure 23(C).
[0076] Also, the staircase base material and the support plate can be integrated in advance.
[0077] In the above embodiment, the batten members are provided with cutouts for inserting the pillar members, but this is an example corresponding to general pillars and partitions, and the size and number of the cutouts are not limited, and various types are possible depending on the internal structure of the wall. Also, the cutouts may not be processed at the factory, but may be processed at the construction site.
[0078] Depending on the internal structure of the wall, the batten members of the staircase base material may not have any notches. Fig. 24 is a perspective view showing a construction method for stairs according to another embodiment, and Figs. 25 and 26 are (A) a plan view, (B) a front view, and (C) a side view of the staircase base material, respectively. In the staircase 200 shown in Fig. 24, there are no column members to be inserted into the middle parts of each staircase base material. Therefore, as shown in Figs. 25 and 26, a staircase base material without any notches in the batten members can be used.
[0079] Of course, depending on the internal structure of the wall, staircase base materials with notches in the batten members and staircase base materials without notches in the batten members can be installed in an appropriate combination. [Explanation of symbols]
[0080] 1 Pillar 2 Studs 10 Plate members 11, 12, 13, 14 Backing material 20 Plate members 21, 22, 23, 24 Backing material 30 Plate members 31, 32, 33, 34 Backing material 40 Plate members 41, 42, 43, 44 Batten members 50 Plate members 51, 52, 53, 54 Batten members 60 Plate members 71, 72, 73, 74 Batten members 80,90 Noncombustible materials 100 Staircase 110 Plate members 111,112 Batten members 200 Staircase A,A1,A2,B1,B2,C1,C2,D1,D2 Base material for stairs a,a1,a2,b1,b2,c1,c2,d1,d2 pedestal X First straight staircase Y spiral staircase Z 2nd Straight Staircase
Claims
1. A staircase base material to be installed between a staircase tread support and a staircase column member, A plate member made of a non-combustible material and a batten member provided along the opposing upper and lower oblique sides on one side of the plate member are formed into a substantially U-shaped cross section, and the batten member protrudes upward from the upper oblique side and downward from the lower oblique side. Or, a base material for stairs, characterized in that it is formed with a roughly U-shaped cross section by a board member made of a non-combustible material and a backing member provided along opposing upper and lower edges of one side of the board member, and the backing member extends upward from the upper edge and downward from the lower edge.
2. 2. The staircase base material according to claim 1, wherein the height direction width of the plate member is equal to or greater than the height direction width of the support base.
3. 2. The staircase base material according to claim 1, wherein the peripheral portion of the plate member is composed of five or less straight lines.
4. 2. The staircase base material according to claim 1, wherein the batten members are provided with notches through which the pillar members are inserted.
5. 2. The staircase base material according to claim 1, further comprising a heat insulating layer between the opposing battens.
6. A method for constructing stairs using the staircase base material according to claim 1, A method of constructing stairs, comprising the steps of: fixing the staircase base material along the installation position of the support base of the staircase tread; fixing the support base from the surface of the fixed staircase base material; and fixing the staircase tread to the fixed support base.
7. A staircase construction method as described in claim 6, characterized in that the area of the fixed staircase base material board member is equal to or greater than the area of the support base, and the fixed support base does not protrude from the board member.