Work vehicles

Abstract

To provide a work vehicle which has high visibility around a machine body and whose operation an operator can easily concentrate on.SOLUTION: In a work vehicle, a travel vehicle body 1 is provided with front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3 which rotate horizontally, a sprinkling device 10 spraying chemical liquid is horizontally rotatably provided, a boarding part 200 where an operator is on board is provided, and a rear part display member 201 which visualizes a rear part of the travel vehicle body 1 is provided in the boarding part 200. In the work vehicle, a front wheel display member 202 where the front wheels 2 are reflected on a display surface is provided below the rear part display member 201, a sprinkling device display member 203 where the sprinkling device 10 rotated outward of a machine body is reflected is provided in front of the rear part display member 201 and near a rotary prop of the sprinkling device 10, a chemical liquid tank 9 reserving chemical liquid sprayed by the sprinkling device 10 is provided at the back of the boarding part 200, and a photography device photographing the rear part of the chemical liquid tank 9 is provided. The boarding part 200 is provided with a rear part display member 204 displaying video and images photographed by the photography device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 28

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a work vehicle equipped with a spraying device such as a boom sprayer. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventional work vehicles are equipped with a cabin on the running body that serves as the boarding area for the worker, a mirror that allows the rear side of the vehicle to be viewed in the cabin, a chemical tank at the rear of the cabin for storing the chemical solution to be sprayed, and side booms that are deployed on both the left and right sides of the vehicle to spray the chemical solution and are capable of rotating left and right and up and down (Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-29215 [Patent Document 2] JP 2002-346444 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in conventional work vehicles, the worker is inside the cabin where physical movement is restricted, making it difficult for the worker to visually check the turning angle of the front wheels located on the underside of the vehicle, and making it difficult to accurately determine the steering direction and amount, resulting in problems such as shifts in the working position and contact between the front wheels and the crops being grown.

[0005] When trying to visually check the position of the front wheels by leaning forward, the driving speed is reduced to reduce the likelihood of operating errors; however, this not only reduces work efficiency, but also makes the worker more likely to become fatigued due to the awkward posture.

[0006] In addition, when checking whether the vertical distance between the side boom, which has been rotated and deployed to the side of the aircraft, and the target to be sprayed is appropriate, the operator must look to the side of the aircraft. However, this requires the operator to look away from the direction of travel, which means the aircraft cannot travel in a straight line and there is a risk of the front wheels coming into contact with the crops being grown.

[0007] In addition, because the chemical tank is located at the rear of the cabin, a large blind spot is created when the worker looks behind the cabin, making it difficult to check the work status and even difficult to reverse.

[0008] The present invention takes into consideration the problems associated with conventional work vehicles and aims to provide a work vehicle that has high visibility around the vehicle body, making it easier for workers to concentrate on their work. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The invention of claim 1 is a work vehicle having front wheels (2) and rear wheels (3) that can each rotate left and right on a running body (1), a spraying device (10) that sprays a chemical agent that can rotate about an axis in the vertical direction, the spraying device (10) being configured to rotate between a chemical agent spraying position in the left and right direction and a stored position along the vehicle body, a boarding section (200) for a worker to board, and a rear display member (201) on the boarding section (200) for visually checking the rear of the running body (1), characterized in that a front wheel display member (202) on which the front wheels (2) are displayed on a display surface is provided below the rear display member (201), and a spraying device display member (203) on which the spraying device (10) rotated outwardly of the vehicle body is displayed on a display surface is provided in front of the rear display member (201) and near the rotation fulcrum of the spraying device (10).

[0010] The invention of claim 2 is a work vehicle as described in claim 1, characterized in that a chemical liquid tank (9) for storing the chemical liquid to be sprayed by the spraying device (10) is provided at the rear of the riding section (200), a camera device (205) for photographing the area behind the chemical liquid tank (9) is provided, and the riding section (200) is provided with a rear display member (204) for displaying images and footage photographed by the camera device (205).

[0011] The invention of claim 3 provides the work vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that the rear display member (204) is switchable to a mirror state in which a reflected image is displayed.

[0012] The invention of claim 4 is a work vehicle as described in claim 3, characterized in that the rear display member (204) is provided with a motion detection member (206) that detects the motion of the worker, and a control device (103) is provided that switches the video or image display state of the rear display member (204) and the mirror surface state in accordance with the motion detected by the motion detection member (206).

[0013] delete Effect of the Invention

[0014] According to the invention of claim 1, an operator riding on the riding section (200) can check the state of the front wheel (2) through the front wheel display member (202) without moving his / her body, thereby enabling the operator to maintain an appropriate steering direction and improving work accuracy.

[0015] Also, Spraying device display Parts ( 203 ) allows the spraying device (10) that has been rotated outwardly of the machine body to be checked without facing the side of the machine body, so that the working height of the spraying device (10) can be properly maintained and the chemical can be effectively supplied.

[0016] In addition, since the rear side of the machine body, the front wheel (2) and the spraying device (10) can be simultaneously seen, it is easy to find areas that are not suited to the work situation, and a decrease in work accuracy is prevented.

[0017] According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the blind spot caused by the liquid tank (9) can be photographed by the photographing device (205) and confirmed on the rear display member (204) of the boarding section (200), so that appropriate work can be performed according to the situation at the rear of the aircraft.

[0018] According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 2, by making the rear display member (204) a mirror surface, it becomes easier to check the situation behind the aircraft, which is different from the area photographed by the photographing device (205), making it easier to perform reverse driving, etc.

[0019] According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effects of the invention of claim 3, the display of the rear display member (204) can be switched by detecting the operator's movement with the movement detection member (206), so that the operator does not need to touch the rear display member (204), and it is possible to prevent dirt from the operator's hands from adhering to the rear display member (204) and reducing visibility.

[0020] delete [Brief description of the drawings]

[0021] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a side view of a work vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the transmission case of the work vehicle as viewed from the front. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the transmission case of the work vehicle from the rear. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the transmission case of the work vehicle as viewed from the rear below. [Diagram 5] Schematic cross-sectional view of the transmission case. [Figure 6] Enlarged image of the clutch inside the transmission case [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the front case of the transmission case as viewed from the front. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the front case of the transmission case as viewed from the inside. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of the center case of the transmission case. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the center case of the transmission case as viewed from the rear. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the rear case of the transmission case as viewed from the inside. [Figure 12] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the rear case of the transmission case as viewed from the rear. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a front view of a plate of a clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 14] Enlarged view of the PTO shaft in Figure 5 [Figure 15] (a) Plan view showing front wheel steering during FWS (b) Plan view showing rear wheel steering during RWS (c) Plan view showing front and rear wheel steering during 4WS [Figure 16] Block diagram of sensors and corresponding actuators related to each control [Figure 17] (a) A schematic diagram showing the display screen of the steering state of the front or rear wheels during FWS or RWS. (b) A schematic diagram showing the display screen of the steering state of the front and rear wheels during 4WS. [Figure 18] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the display contents of the display device including guide icons. [Figure 19] Flowchart showing lighting control of icons indicating steering states of front and rear wheels [Figure 20] A flowchart showing the notification control in a state where the front and rear wheels may come into contact with the side pest control boom. [Figure 21] A flowchart showing the retraction control of the front boom and the pest control boom in a state in which the front wheels and the rear wheels may come into contact with the side pest control boom. [Figure 22] A front view of a work vehicle equipped with a rotatable boom receiver [Diagram 23] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a work vehicle equipped with a rotatable boom receiver and an extension step; [Figure 24] A flowchart showing notification control for preventing the spray pump from running dry when the remaining amount in the chemical tank falls below a predetermined value. [Diagram 25] A flow chart showing the spray pump stop control when the remaining amount in the chemical tank falls below a predetermined value. [Figure 26] Hydraulic circuit diagram that accumulates hydraulic pressure in an accumulator when descending and assists hydraulic pressure increase when ascending. [Figure 27] Schematic diagram showing a display device equipped with a safety lamp and a backup lamp. [Figure 28] FIG. 1 is a side view of a work vehicle equipped with a cabin and each mirror. [Figure 29] Schematic diagram showing the layout of each mirror as seen from inside the cabin [Diagram 30] Rear view showing the camera mounted on the cabin visor so that the shooting position can be moved up, down, left and right [Diagram 31] (a) Schematic diagram showing the image captured by the camera displayed on the digital mirror. (b) Schematic diagram showing the state when the digital mirror is polished to show the rear of the aircraft. [Diagram 32] (a) Schematic diagram showing the state in which the brightness of the digital mirror is increased by the gesture sensor. (b) Schematic diagram showing the state in which the brightness of the digital mirror is decreased by the gesture sensor. [Diagram 33] A flowchart showing a control for notifying a situation where traveling becomes difficult based on the remaining amount of the liquid in the chemical tank and the forward / rearward inclination of the vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0022] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that in the embodiment of the present invention, a pest control work vehicle that sprays agricultural chemicals will be described as an example of a work vehicle.

[0023] 1 is a schematic left side view of a work vehicle 1. In this specification, the side in the vehicle travel direction of the work vehicle 1 is referred to as the front, the opposite side as the rear, the left side in the travel direction as the left, and the right side in the travel direction as the right.

[0024] As shown in Fig. 1, the work vehicle 1 is a vehicle that sprays pest control liquid, and is equipped with front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3, with an engine (not shown) covered by a bonnet 4 provided at the front of the traveling body 1'. Behind the bonnet 4 is provided a control section 5, which is equipped with a steering wheel 6 and a seat 8.

[0025] A chemical tank 9 that contains a chemical liquid is removably mounted behind the seat 8. The work vehicle 1 also includes a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) that is a mechanism that can adjust the forward / reverse direction of travel and the speed of the vehicle, and an engine start restriction device that restricts the starting of the engine.

[0026] Further, support brackets 12a protruding in the left-right direction are provided on both the left and right sides of the front body of the work vehicle 1, and lift-lower links 12 constituted by upper and lower link bodies are rotatably supported on the left and right support brackets 12a. The upper and lower link bodies of the lift-lower link 12 are configured to move in conjunction with each other, and a telescopic lift-lower cylinder 13 is provided on the lower section of the link body of the lift-lower link 12 so as to connect the lower section of the link body of the lift-lower link 12 to the support brackets 12a, so that the lift-lower link 12 can be swung up and down by telescoping the lift-lower cylinder 13.

[0027] The lift links 12 extend to a position in front of the bonnet 4, and the front frame 11 is attached to the front end of the lift links 12 so as to connect the left and right lift links 12. Therefore, by simultaneously extending and retracting the left and right lift cylinders 13, the front frame 11 can be raised and lowered via the left and right lift links 12 that move up and down.

[0028] A pair of pest control booms 10, which spray chemicals as an example of a working device, are attached to both ends of the front frame 11 so as to be rotatable about an axis in the vertical direction, and a boom switching cylinder is provided for each of the left and right pest control booms 10 so that they can be individually deployed and folded in the left and right direction. A plurality of nozzles 10a are attached to the pest control boom 10, and a front boom 11a equipped with a plurality of nozzles is attached to the front frame 11, and the nozzles 10a of each pest control boom 10 and each nozzle of the front boom 11a are configured to receive chemicals from the chemical tank 9 and spray the chemicals in a spray form. In FIG. 1, the right pest control boom 10 is omitted from the drawing.

[0029] The state in which the pest control boom 10 is folded and aligned with the vehicle body is called the stored position, and the state in which the pest control boom 10 is unfolded and extended to the left and right is called the chemical spraying position. In the stored position, the pest control boom 10 can be maintained facing diagonally upward toward the rear of the vehicle body by placing the pest control boom 10 on boom receivers 15 provided on both the left and right sides of the work vehicle 1.

[0030] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the transmission case 20 mounted on the work vehicle of this embodiment, seen from the front to the rear, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the transmission case 20, seen from the rear to the front, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the transmission case 20 of FIG. 3, seen from the bottom side.

[0031] 2, 3, and 4, 21 is a front case, 22 is a center case, 22a is a bottom surface of the center case 22, and 23 is a rear case. Furthermore, 24 is an input shaft for transmitting power from the engine, and 25 and 26 are first and second hydraulic pumps. Furthermore, 27 is a shaft for switching the clutch on and off, which will be described later, 28 is a rear lift valve, and 29 is a traveling output shaft for the front wheels 2. Furthermore, 30 is a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST), and 31 is a clutch lubrication hole. Furthermore, 32 is a PTO shaft for a working device such as a boom sprayer, 33 is a live PTO output shaft (additional transmission shaft), which will be described later, 34 is a vehicle speed sensor, 35 is a drain, 36 is a sub-transmission shaft, 37 is a breather, and 38 is a traveling output shaft for transmitting driving power for driving the rear wheels 3.

[0032] Further, the inside of the transmission case 20 has a structure as shown in Figures 5 and 6. Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the entire case, and Figure 6 is an enlarged view focusing on the clutch 55.

[0033] First, the front case 21 will be mainly described. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the front case 21 as seen from the front side, and Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the front case 21 as seen from the rear side. Here, the ball bearings of the bearings are omitted in Figs. 7 and 8. The input shaft 24 is held by the input bearing 21a. A gear 40 is connected to the rear end of the input shaft 24. A gear 41 fixed to a clutch drive shaft 42 meshes with the gear 40. The front end of the clutch drive shaft 42 is supported by a clutch front bearing 43 formed in the front case 21. Here, 55 denotes a clutch.

[0034] Furthermore, the gear 41 meshes with a gear 44 located below it, and this gear 44 is fixed to a gear pump drive shaft 45 that drives the first hydraulic pump 25, and a gear pump bearing 46 that is a bearing for this gear pump drive shaft 45 is formed in the front case 21.

[0035] On the other hand, a gear 47 attached to a shaft 48 meshes with the upper part of the gear 40, and the tip of the shaft 48 is supported by a bearing 49 formed in the front case 21. Furthermore, the rear end of the shaft 48 is supported by a bearing 50a provided in a part of a bearing plate portion 50 attached to the center case 22. A gear 51 is attached near the center of the shaft 48, and a gear 52 meshes with the gear 51, and the gear 52 is fixed to the above-mentioned live PTO output shaft 33. The front end of the live PTO output shaft 33 is supported by a bearing 54 formed in the front case 21, and the rear end is journaled by a bearing 50b formed in the bearing plate portion 50, and protrudes rearward to be usable as a live PTO output shaft.

[0036] When the driving force of the engine is input from the input shaft 24, the gear 40 rotates. The gear 47 meshing with the gear 40 rotates, which in turn rotates the shaft 48. The rotation of the shaft 48 rotates the gear 51, which in turn rotates the meshing gear 52.

[0037] As a result, the live PTO output shaft 33 fixed to the gear 52 rotates, and the driving force from the engine is output to the outside. This driving force is output from the upstream side (right side) of the clutch 55, so it is not affected by the engagement and disengagement of the clutch 55, and can be output as long as the engine is running.

[0038] The gear 40 is further meshed with a gear 41, which is fixed to a clutch drive shaft 42, so that the driving force of the engine is also transmitted from the input shaft 24 to the clutch drive shaft 42. The clutch drive shaft 42 is connected to a clutch 55. Therefore, the driving force transmitted to the clutch drive shaft 42 depends on whether the clutch 55 is engaged or disengaged.

[0039] Furthermore, a gear 44 meshes with the gear 41, and the driving force of the engine is also transmitted from the input shaft 24 to a gear pump drive shaft 45 to which the gear 44 is fixed. The first hydraulic pump 25 is driven by the rotation of the gear pump drive shaft 45. Oil is pumped by the first hydraulic pump 25 to the working hydraulic system. The second hydraulic pump 26 attached to the front case 21 is also driven by a similar mechanism.

[0040] Next, the central case 22 and the rear case 23 will be described. As shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the central case 22 is detachable from the front case 21 and the rear case 23 by a bolt mechanism. As shown in Fig. 5, A indicates the boundary surface between the front case 21 and the central case 22, and B indicates the boundary surface between the central case 22 and the rear case 23. The central case 22 is fixed to the frame of the traveling body 1' of the work vehicle 1 by a connecting part 53 (see Fig. 10). Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the rear case 23 as viewed from the inside, and Fig. 12 is a perspective view as viewed from the rear outside.

[0041] Inside the central case 22, the above-mentioned bearing plate portion 50 is formed at the front side position, and a clutch bearing plate portion 57 is formed at the central position.

[0042] A clutch 55 is disposed between the front bearing plate portion 50 and the clutch bearing plate portion 57, and the clutch drive shaft 42 is journalled to a bearing portion 60 of the clutch bearing plate portion 57 via the clutch 55. Furthermore, the rear portion of the clutch drive shaft 42 passes through a hole 61 (see FIG. 10) of the bearing portion 60 and is journalled by a clutch drive shaft bearing 62 of the rear case 23.

[0043] Incidentally, the HST drive shaft is supported by rear case 23, and is therefore either cantilevered by rear case 23 or fixed to the HST itself.

[0044] In addition, since the drive shaft is long in the front-to-rear direction, it is supported by the front case 21, the center case 22, and the rear case 23.

[0045] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, a transmission gear 70 is fixed to the clutch drive shaft 42, and the transmission gear 70 meshes with a gear 71 (loose-fit gear) that is attached to the shaft of the implement PTO shaft 32 so as to be freely rotatable.

[0046] The rotation of the gear 71 is transmitted to the PTO shaft 32 by the rotation of the clutch drive shaft 42 through a mechanism described later. Therefore, the rotation of the working device PTO shaft 32 is affected by the engagement and disengagement of the clutch 55. Reference numeral 32a denotes a PTO bearing provided in the rear case 23.

[0047] On the other hand, a gear 63 is further attached to the clutch drive shaft 42, and the gear 63 meshes with an HST input gear 64. An HST output gear 65 is connected to the front wheel drive output shaft 29 and the rear wheel drive output shaft 38 via three gear mechanisms 66, 67, and 68. In FIG. 7, 29a is a bearing for the front wheel drive output shaft 29. Therefore, the output changed in speed by the HST 30 is transmitted to the drive output shafts 29 and 38. Here, 30a is an HST input side portion, and 30b is an HST output side portion. Also, 72 and 73 are HST input bearings and HST output bearings, respectively.

[0048] In this way, by dividing the transmission case 20 into front, center, and rear sections and fixing the center case 22 to the frame of the running body 1' of the work vehicle 1 (connection part 53), maintenance work can be performed inside the case without removing the entire transmission case 20 from the body.

[0049] Next, the clutch 55 in this embodiment has a wet structure, not a so-called dry type. That is, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the clutch drive shaft 42 is supported at both ends by the front case 21 and the rear case 23 (43, 62), and an oil passage is formed between the shaft and the support. Lubricating oil is supplied from the clutch lubrication hole 31. The lubricating oil returns the hydraulic pressure return (working hydraulic system) of the pest control machine to the oil passage of the clutch drive shaft 42.

[0050] The clutch 55 is configured by fitting a plurality of clutch plates 55b inside a clutch case 55a, and by providing the clutch case 55a on the clutch drive shaft 42. Furthermore, the clutch drive shaft 42 has a flow path for hydraulic oil, and is capable of supplying hydraulic oil to the inner periphery of the clutch plates 55b. Furthermore, the clutch case 55a is formed with a return hole portion for returning hydraulic oil that has entered the clutch case 55a to the hydraulic circuit. Note that FIG. 13 shows the clutch plate 55b, which is formed with a communication hole 92 from the inner periphery to the outer periphery, as indicated by the arrow C.

[0051] Because the clutch 55 has this structure, by supplying hydraulic oil into the clutch case 55a from the flow passage of the clutch drive shaft, it is possible to prevent the clutch plates 55b from burning out and becoming immobile, thereby ensuring that travel transmission and work transmission can be switched on and off reliably.

[0052] Furthermore, by forming a return hole in the clutch case 55a, the hydraulic oil that has entered the clutch case 55a can be returned to the transmission case 20, thereby preventing an increase in internal pressure and a shortage of hydraulic oil.

[0053] In addition, by forming the communicating hole 92, the hydraulic oil that has entered between the clutch plate 55b and the clutch case 55a can be moved to the outside of the clutch case 55a, thereby preventing problems caused by hydraulic oil that is no longer able to return to the flow path becoming stale.

[0054] In other words, the communication hole 92 is formed by penetrating the clutch plate 55b toward the outer periphery at one or more points, so that when the hydraulic oil stored in the transmission case 20 is immersed in the hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil can enter the inside of the communication hole 92 from that portion and permeate the inside of the clutch case 55a (this phenomenon occurs particularly when the clutch is stopped). Also, when the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the clutch drive shaft 42 scatters the hydraulic oil that has entered the communication hole 92 to the outside of the clutch case 55a, the hydraulic oil is sent into the transmission case 20. In other words, the configuration is such that the hydraulic oil can both enter the inside and be discharged to the outside. FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 5, focusing on a PTO shaft 32 for a work device such as a boom sprayer.

[0055] As described above, the transmission gear 70 is fixed to the clutch drive shaft 42, and the transmission gear 70 meshes with a gear 71 (loose-fit gear) that is freely rotatably attached to the shaft of the implement PTO shaft 32. This gear 71 meshes with a first counter gear 75 fixed to a counter shaft 76. Another second counter gear 77 is fixed to the counter shaft 76, and this second counter gear 77 meshes with a gear 78 fixed to the shaft of the PTO shaft 32. Reference numeral 71a denotes a grooved washer.

[0056] Therefore, rotation of the clutch drive shaft 42 causes gear 70 to rotate, and the rotation is transmitted to gear 71, which is a loose-fit gear, and the rotation of gear 71 is transmitted to first counter gear 75, which is transmitted to counter shaft 76, which is transmitted to second counter gear 77, and which is transmitted to gear 78, and as a result, the PTO shaft 32 is transmitted to and rotates.

[0057] On the other hand, reference numeral 90 denotes a lubricant oil supply pipe that returns and discharges hydraulic oil from the working hydraulic system into the transmission case 20. Reference numeral 79 denotes an outlet 79 of the lubricant oil supply pipe 90 provided in the rear case 23. The outlet 79 of the lubricant oil supply pipe 90 is disposed above a work driving force transmission mechanism that is disposed on the upper side inside the transmission case 20. Here, the transmission mechanism is a mechanism for transmitting driving force to the working mechanism, such as the PTO shaft 32, which is an example of the work transmission shaft of the present invention.

[0058] With this structure, hydraulic oil is discharged from the upper side of the transmission case 20, so that the upper transmission mechanism, which is prone to internal lubricating oil shortages, can be reliably lubricated, thereby reducing wear and seizure and preventing a decrease in the durability of the transmission case 20. In this case, the transmission case 20 itself also serves as an oil tank. The first hydraulic pump 25 described above pumps the oil from this oil tank as hydraulic oil back to the drive cylinder.

[0059] Furthermore, a diffusion member that receives the hydraulic oil discharged from the discharge port 79 and diffuses it to the surroundings is rotatably attached to this PTO shaft (work transmission shaft) 32. An example of the diffusion member of the present invention is the above-mentioned freely rotating gear 71.

[0060] By rotating the gear 71 of the diffusion member provided on the PTO shaft 32 in this manner, the hydraulic oil can be diffused over a wide area by centrifugal force, which further prevents wear and seizure due to a shortage of hydraulic oil.

[0061] Furthermore, gear 71, which is the diffusion member, is formed with oil passage holes 91 through which hydraulic oil can enter the interior. This makes it easier to diffuse the hydraulic oil over a wide range in directions other than the rotational direction. It is preferable to provide multiple oil passage holes 91. For example, four oil passage holes 91 are provided at 90° angles around the axis. This also has the effect of allowing lubricating oil to flow into the inside of gear 71.

[0062] Since gear 71, which is a diffusion member, rotates in a fixed direction, this alone would tend to cause the hydraulic oil to be scattered slightly biased in the direction of rotation; however, by forming oil passage holes 911 penetrating gear 71, the hydraulic oil that has entered the interior through outlet 79 is released by centrifugal force at a position other than that where it is repelled by the wing portion of gear 71 (corresponding to the gear teeth portion), and the hydraulic oil is more likely to be diffused downstream in the direction of rotation.

[0063] The lubricant oil supply pipe 90 is attached to the front or rear of the transmission case 20, and an orifice is formed at the discharge port 79 of the lubricant oil supply pipe 90, and the orifice faces the inside of the transmission case 20. This allows the hydraulic oil to be dispersed over a greater distance.

[0064] As described above, the hydraulic return (working hydraulic system) from the pest control machine back into the transmission case 20 includes a system returning from the clutch lubrication hole 31 via the clutch 55, and a system returning from the outlet 79 of the lubrication oil supply pipe 90 in the rear case 23 of the transmission case 20. In addition, there is also a system in which the hydraulic oil discharged from the lifting valve and the lower link cylinder returns into the transmission case 20 from the main valve provided on the side of the transmission case 20.

[0065] As shown in Figure 15 (c), the left and right front wheels 2, 2 and rear wheels 3, 3 of the work vehicle 1 are configured to be switchable to a so-called four-wheel steering (4WS) state in which the steering angles of the left and right front wheels 2, 2 and the rear wheels 3, 3 are switched in tandem by steering the steering wheel 6 in order to reduce the space required for turning at the edge of a field.

[0066] Also, as shown in Figures 15(a) and (b), when working in a field or traveling on a road, it is possible to switch from four-wheel steering to front-wheel steering (FWS) so as to change only the steering angle of the left and right front wheels 2,2 to control the direction of travel in the same way as an automobile, and it is also possible to switch to rear-wheel steering (RWS) so that only the steering angle of the rear wheels 3,3 can be changed by operating the steering handle 6 to prevent the front wheels 2,2 from contacting the crops or the ridges when aligning the vehicle position with the ridges.

[0067] The above-mentioned switching between 4WS, FWS and RWS is performed by operating a steering changeover switch provided on the control unit 5, or by activating an automatic changeover mode and satisfying predetermined operating conditions.

[0068] In either the manual or automatic switching described above, in order to prevent unexpected driving after switching and to prevent contact with crops being grown, it is desirable to align the front wheels 2,2 and the rear wheels 3,3 in the center steering position (neutral position), in other words, a position in which the wheels move straight forward or backward.

[0069] However, in farm fields where riding cultivators are used, the length of the stems and leaves of the crops is longer than the vertical length of the front wheels 2,2 and the rear wheels 3,3, and it is often difficult for an operator sitting in the seat 8 to visually check the steering angles of the front wheels 2,2 and the rear wheels 3,3. In particular, the rear wheels 3,3 are located lower than the chemical tank 9, making them even more difficult to see. In addition, in the case of a tiller equipped with a cabin 200 that covers the seat 8 and the steering unit 5 as shown in FIG. 1, the range in which the operator can move his or her body is limited, further reducing visibility of the front wheels 2,2 and the rear wheels 3,3.

[0070] This makes it difficult for the operator to determine to what extent the steering handle 6 should be turned to the left or right, and it takes time to steer the vehicle. Furthermore, if the steering direction is incorrect, the front wheels 2,2 or the rear wheels 3,3 may come into contact with the crops being cultivated, damaging the crops and causing poor growth and a decline in quality.

[0071] To solve this problem, as shown in Figure 16, a steering display device 100 is provided on the control unit 5 or in a position visible to the operator, and a steering detection sensor 101 is provided to detect whether the current steering mode is 4WS, FWS, or RWS, and a handle potentiometer 102 is provided to detect the amount and direction of operation of the steering handle 6.

[0072] A control device 103 provided on the vehicle body 1 displays on a steering display device 100 the current turning direction SW of the front wheels 2,2 and the rear wheels 3,3 and a rough turning angle SA based on the steering mode detected by a steering detection sensor 101 and the amount and direction of operation of the steering wheel 6 detected by a steering potentiometer 102.

[0073] 17(a) and (b), the display of the turning direction SW and the turning angle SA should be shown as images of tires going straight or tilted left and right, so that the operator can intuitively grasp the state of the front wheels 2,2 and the rear wheels 3,3 and easily consider the direction and amount of operation of the steering wheel 6, but as shown in Fig. 18, the turning direction SW may be displayed as text such as "right", "left", and "center (straight)" and the turning angle SA may be displayed as a numerical value. Depending on the user, it may be easier to consider the direction and amount of operation of the steering wheel 6 with text or numerical values, so the display content of the steering display device 100 may be configured to be changeable by the operator.

[0074] In addition, when the front wheels 2, 2 and the rear wheels 3, 3 are not in a straight-ahead position and are at a turning angle SA that is judged to be turning to the right or left, a guide icon SI such as letters or an arrow may be displayed to indicate to the left or right which side the operator should steer the steering wheel 6.

[0075] In addition, the steering display device 100 may also display whether the current steering mode is 4WS, FWS, or RWS, based on the detection of the steering detection sensor 101.

[0076] This steering display device 100 is preferably embedded in the steering unit 5 or detachably installed, but may also be paired with an information terminal capable of communication such as a tablet and sequentially display the turning direction SW and turning angle SA of the front wheels 2,2 and the rear wheels 3,3 using an installed application. In this case, it is preferable to provide a terminal mounting stand (not shown) on the traveling vehicle body 1 for an operator in the seat 8 to place the information terminal in a position that is easy to view.

[0077] Alternatively, the steering display device 100 may be configured by installing the same application as the information terminal described above on a wearable terminal worn by the operator, such as smart glasses or a retinal projection display.

[0078] The steering mode switching patterns will be described below.

[0079] As shown in Figure 19, when the steering detection sensor 101 detects FWS, the control device 103 calculates the amount and direction of operation of the steering wheel 6 based on the detection value of the handle potentiometer 102, and displays the turning state of the front wheels 2, 2 on the steering display device 100.

[0080] At this time, when the detection value of the handle potentiometer 102 is in the straight ahead position, that is, within a predetermined range from 0 in the positive and negative directions (0±a predetermined value), an icon is displayed indicating that the front wheels 2,2 are not turned left or right. At the same time, a display indicating that the steering mode can be switched (such as "Switch OK") may be displayed on the steering display device 100. If a control configuration is adopted in which the steering mode is not switched even if the operator presses the steering changeover switch when the above conditions are not met, the front wheels 2,2 and rear wheels 3,3 can be prevented from coming into contact with and damaging the crops.

[0081] On the other hand, when the detection value of the handle potentiometer 102 indicates a state in which the wheels are turned to the left or right, the steering display device 100 shows the front wheels 2, 2 in a turned state linked to the operation of the steering wheel 6. If the display of the tilted front wheels 2, 2 is configured so that one of a plurality of different tilt angles that approximates the detection value of the handle potentiometer 102 is selected, the operator can easily grasp the magnitude of the steering amount.

[0082] The above is the case when the steering mode is FWS, and when the steering mode is RWS, the front wheels 2, 2 are replaced with the rear wheels 3, 3. Note that the rear wheels 3, 3 in FWS and the front wheels 2, 2 in RWS are not displayed on the steering display device 100 or are always displayed in a straight ahead position.

[0083] On the other hand, when the vehicle is in 4WS, both the front wheels 2,2 and the rear wheels 3,3 are displayed simultaneously, and the front wheels 2,2 and the rear wheels 3,3 with different inclination angles are displayed according to the detection value of the handlebar potentiometer 102.

[0084] In a 4WS system, when the steering wheel 6 is operated, the turning angle SA of one of the front wheels 2, 2 and the rear wheels 3, 3 increases in the positive direction and the turning angle SA of the other increases in the negative direction, and both the front and rear wheels are 0 only when the vehicle is in a straight-ahead position. The absolute values ​​of the turning angles SA are approximately the same when the vehicle is not in a straight-ahead position.

[0085] With the above configuration, the direction and amount of operation of the steering handle 6 can be considered by looking at the steering display device 100 without visually checking the front wheels 2,2 or the rear wheels 3,3, or both, so that the worker does not need to interrupt his work to visually check the front wheels 2,2 and the rear wheels 3,3, and unnecessary time is prevented from being wasted when switching steering modes.

[0086] In addition, since it is possible to prevent the steering handle 6 from being steered in the wrong direction, it is possible to prevent the front wheels 2, 2 and the rear wheels 3, 3 from contacting and damaging the crops, which can result in poor growth and deterioration of the quality.

[0087] The ride-on management machine in this case sprays pesticides from a front boom 11a that is positioned at the front of the running body 1 and left and right pest control booms 10, the front boom 11a being adjustable in height up and down, and the left and right pest control booms 10 being able to rotate up and down and left and right around the left and right sides of the front boom 11a as bases.

[0088] This makes it possible to adjust the spraying height of the pesticide by moving the front boom 11a up and down according to working conditions such as the type of crop and its growth conditions, thereby supplying the appropriate amount of pesticide to the crops, preventing a decrease in harvest yield and a decline in the commercial value of the crops due to the effects of pests and diseases caused by a shortage of pesticide.

[0089] The above-mentioned shortage of pesticide is a problem that occurs when the vertical distance between the front boom 11a and the left and right pest control booms 10 and the crop is too wide, resulting in areas where the pesticide is not sprayed due to the effects of the wind. On the other hand, if the vertical distance is made too narrow in order to suppress the effects of the wind, the pesticide will be sprayed unevenly (for example, most of the pesticide will be received by the stems and leaves, and almost none will be sprayed on the surrounding ground), causing pests and diseases to occur in areas where the pesticide is difficult to reach, resulting in problems such as reduced yields and reduced commercial value.

[0090] To address this problem, it is necessary to properly adjust the vertical positions of the front boom 11a and the left and right side booms 10 as described above, thereby spraying the pesticide as evenly as possible.

[0091] When spraying a chemical on crops with relatively short stems and leaves, such as radishes, carrots, and other underground stem crops, the front boom 11a must be moved significantly downward, and at this time, the front boom 11a and the pest control boom 10 are positioned within the vertical width of the front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3. When the left and right pest control booms 10 are spread out on both sides of the machine body, that is, lined up in a straight line on the left and right of the front boom 11a, no problems will occur as long as the vertical position adjustment is not incorrect. However, near the edge of the field, particularly when one of the pest control booms 10 protrudes outside the field in its current position, if one of the booms is rotated toward the rear of the machine body and placed in a position approximately parallel to the traveling body 1, the following problems may occur.

[0092] The pest control boom 10, which is oriented approximately parallel to the traveling body 1, is located within the rotation range of the front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3, so if it is located to the side within the vertical width of the front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3, there is a risk of it coming into contact and being damaged when the front wheels 2 or rear wheels 3 are rotated. This problem is likely to occur when turning while raising the front boom 11a at the end of the working row.

[0093] To prevent this problem from occurring, as shown in Figures 1, 16 and 20, an up-down link sensor 105 is provided on the up-down link 104 of the front boom 11a to enable detection of the up-down height of the front boom 11a, and a boom potentiometer 106 is provided on each of the front-to-back rotation axes (not shown) in the up-down direction of the body of the left and right pest control booms 10 to enable detection of the fore-and-aft position of the pest control boom 10.

[0094] Then, when the control device 103 determines from the detection value of the up / down link sensor 105 that the front boom 11a is below a predetermined height and from the detection value of the boom potentiometer 106 that the pest control boom 10 is positioned substantially parallel to the side of the traveling vehicle body 1, when the handle potentiometer 102 detects a change in the steering angle due to the steering operation of the steering handle 6, it activates an alarm device 107 such as a buzzer 107a or a lamp 107b to notify the operator that the front wheel 2 or rear wheel 3 being steered may come into contact with and damage the pest control boom 10 on the side. This alarm device 107 is provided in any one of the operation unit 5, a detachable information terminal such as a tablet, and a wearable terminal, or in some or all of multiple terminals.

[0095] This allows the pest control boom 10 to turn while being positioned within the vertical width of the front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3, preventing the pest control boom 10 from bending or folding, thereby preventing work from being interrupted and preventing the time, effort and cost required to replace the pest control boom 10.

[0096] In addition, when the vertical height detected by the up and down link sensor 105 falls below a predetermined height, lamp 107b may be turned on or a warning icon (not shown) may be displayed regardless of the position of the pest control boom 10, to notify the operator in advance that the pest control boom 10 may be positioned within the vertical width of the front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3.

[0097] This allows the operator to recognize that the pest control boom 10 is at a height where it may be damaged depending on the operation, further reducing the possibility of the pest control boom 10 being damaged.

[0098] Even if the rotation position of the pest control boom 10 in the left-right direction of the machine body (front-rear direction of the machine body) is the position closest to the traveling vehicle body 1, when it is rotated upward to an angle perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the field scene, it will not come into contact with the rear wheels 3, 3 nor the front wheels 2, 2, regardless of the vertical position of the front boom 11a. Therefore, a vertical rotation sensor (not shown) that detects the amount of vertical rotation of the pest control boom 10 may be provided, and if the detected amount of vertical rotation is equal to or greater than a predetermined angle, the alarm device 107 may not be activated.

[0099] In addition, when the detection value of the boom potentiometer 106 is a value at which it is determined that the pest control boom 10 will not come into contact with the front wheel 2 or rear wheel 3, the buzzer 107a is configured not to operate even if the handle potentiometer 102 detects operation of the steering handle 6, thereby preventing the generation of unnecessary noise.

[0100] Depending on the work environment, the worker may not notice the notification by the operation of the above-mentioned alarm device 107, and there is also a risk that the worker may panic and make an erroneous operation, which may result in continuing to rotate the front wheels 2 or the rear wheels 3. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 21, when the alarm device 107 is activated and a change in the steering angle of the handle potentiometer 102 continues to be detected, the amount of oil sent from the oil pump (not shown) may be increased to increase the amount of hydraulic oil supplied to the lifting cylinder 108 of the vertical movement link 104, thereby increasing the lifting speed of the front boom 11a.

[0101] This allows the pest control boom 10 to be retracted above the upper ends of the front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3 before the front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3 rotate and come into contact with the pest control boom 10, thereby preventing damage to the pest control boom 10.

[0102] In addition, in order to reduce the force required to operate the steering handle 6, in the case of a vehicle equipped with a hydraulic power steering mechanism, the supply and discharge of hydraulic oil to the power steering mechanism may be stopped to make it difficult for the operator to operate the steering handle 6.

[0103] When work is not being performed, the above-mentioned pest control boom 10 needs to be rotated toward the rear of the machine and rotated downward to a stored position; however, if it is rotated downward too much, the pest control boom 10 will be in a position where it may come into contact with the front wheels 2 or rear wheels 3. Therefore, as mentioned above, the running body 1 is provided with boom supports 15 on each side which contact the pest control boom 10 at predetermined positions and support the pest control boom 10 in a rear-upward inclined position.

[0104] As a result, the pest control boom 10 is positioned higher on the body than the upper ends of the front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3, preventing the front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3 from coming into contact with and damaging the pest control boom 10 when turning, etc.

[0105] In addition, when in the stored position, the boom receiver 15 surrounds the lower part and both left and right sides of the pest control boom 10, so that even if the pest control boom 10 vibrates while traveling, it is unlikely to fall off the boom receiver 15, and the long pest control boom 10 is prevented from swinging and colliding with the surrounding area, resulting in damage.

[0106] The ride-on management machine is used for tasks other than spraying pesticides using the chemical tank 9, front boom 11a, and left and right pest control booms 10, and the above-mentioned members are removed depending on the task. However, the left and right boom receivers 15 are attached in a position that protrudes from the traveling body 1 toward the sides of the machine, which creates a problem that they interfere with the attachment of members used for other tasks or hinder attachment and detachment work. Since they are firmly attached to the traveling body 1 to ensure strength, the boom receivers 15 can be removed, but this requires extra time and effort.

[0107] The boom receiver 15 is bent upward at the outer end of the machine body, and has a receiving portion at its upper end that is U-shaped when viewed from the front and rear, for receiving the pest control boom 10.

[0108] To solve this problem, as shown in FIG. 22, the boom receiver 15 is attached to a rotating boss 15a extending in the left-right direction of the machine body so as to be rotatable back and forth in a side view.

[0109] As a result, when not required, the boom receiver 15 can be rotated, for example, 90 degrees, to the front or rear of the machine body to prevent it from protruding upward, thereby preventing it from interfering with the attachment of other work members or interfering with operation.

[0110] When the front boom 11a and the left and right pest control booms 10 are removed, the front of the left and right boom receivers 15 are open, so the left and right boom receivers 15 can rotate at least about 90 degrees forward of the machine body. To make effective use of this space and make it easier for the worker to move and work at a position away from the ground, a plate-shaped extension step 109 is attached to the space located closer to the inside of the machine body than the outer end of the boom receiver 15.

[0111] In order to ensure the strength to withstand the weight of workers and materials, the extension step 109 is desirably formed into a plate shape by combining multiple thick or thin metal plates, or by cutting a metal plate into a lattice shape, or by crossing multiple rods inside a frame to form a lattice shape.

[0112] Furthermore, if strength is a priority, the extension step 109 can be attached to the boom receiver 15 by welding, but convenience can be improved by making it removable so that it can be moved to another location when not required.

[0113] In the case of a detachable type, the shape of the extension step 109 should be such that it can be attached to the boom receiver 15, but when welding, the vertical length of the extension step 109 should be limited to below the receiver to prevent the pest control boom 10 from coming into contact before it reaches the U-shaped receiver.

[0114] This allows the worker to work by standing on the extension step 109, enabling him / her to get closer to the inside of the bonnet 4 located on the upper side of the traveling vehicle body 1 and perform maintenance and other work, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0115] The chemical solution stored in the chemical solution tank 9 is sent to the front boom 11a and the left and right pest control booms 10 by the spray pump 9a, which can be operated regardless of whether the clutch 55 is on or off via the live PTO output shaft 33, and is sprayed onto the field. However, if the operator continues to operate the machine without realizing that the chemical solution stored in the chemical solution tank 9 has run out, the machine will end up running empty.

[0116] While the liquid medicine is being pumped out, the liquid medicine acts as a coolant to suppress the frictional heat caused by the operation of the spray pump 9a. However, if the liquid medicine runs out, the pump will heat up and there is a risk that components such as bearings will be damaged.

[0117] Furthermore, if, after a period of idle operation, the chemical solution is poured into the chemical solution tank 9 without allowing time for cooling and spraying of the chemical is started, the spray pump 9a will be cooled suddenly by the chemical solution, which may cause a heat shock in which the structural materials of the spray pump 9a will deteriorate, reducing its durability or even crack and break.

[0118] To prevent this problem, as shown in Figures 16 and 24, a chemical remaining amount sensor 111 is provided inside the chemical tank 9 to detect when the remaining amount of chemical falls below a certain level, and a rotation sensor 112 is provided to detect the rotation of the live PTO output shaft 33.

[0119] When the liquid medicine remaining amount sensor 111 detects that the liquid medicine has run out or that the amount of liquid medicine remaining is very little, and the rotation sensor 112 detects the rotation of the live PTO output shaft 33, the control device 103 is configured to activate the alarm device 107 to notify the operator that the spray pump 9a is in an idling state.

[0120] This allows the operator to recognize early on that the spray pump 9a may be in a state where it is running dry, thereby preventing a decrease in durability and damage to the spray pump 9a.

[0121] In addition, it is possible to prevent sections where the pesticide is not sprayed due to driving with insufficient pesticide solution, thereby preventing poor growth and deterioration of crop quality due to a lack of pesticide solution.

[0122] The remaining chemical level sensor 111 is configured to include a float that can float near the surface of the liquid, a hanging wire connected to the float, and a structure in which the hanging wire is pulled downward by the weight of the float and enters a taut state, and when the hanging wire is pulled downward by the weight of the float and enters a taut state, the hanging wire is energized, and when the energization is cut off, the remaining chemical level sensor 111 detects that the chemical level has run out or has decreased to a very low level.The remaining chemical level sensor 111 is configured to be hung from the inner wall of the chemical tank 9 or a removable lid toward the bottom of the chemical tank 9.

[0123] As a result, while there is sufficient liquid, the float floats near the surface of the liquid, slackening the suspension wire, so that running out of liquid is not detected. On the other hand, when there is very little liquid left or it is completely gone, the weight of the float pulls the suspension wire downward, allowing current to flow or not flow, so that running out or a reduction in liquid can be detected.

[0124] However, when the spraying of the chemical solution is stopped, that is, when power transmission to the live PTO output shaft 33 is cut off and the spray pump 9a is not operating, damage or heating due to idling will not occur. Therefore, by only issuing an alarm when the rotation sensor 112 detects rotation of the live PTO output shaft 33, the alarm device 107 can be prevented from continuing to operate even when the vehicle is moving and not working, thereby preventing noise problems.

[0125] As shown in Figures 16 and 25, a spray clutch 120 may be provided between the live PTO output shaft 33 and the spray pump 9a, and a spray solenoid 121 may be provided to switch the spray clutch 120 on and off. When both the chemical remaining sensor 111 and the rotation sensor 112 are in the detection state, the spray solenoid 121 is activated to operate the spray clutch 120, cutting off the transmission to the spray pump 9a, and the alarm device 107 is activated to notify the need to replenish the chemical.

[0126] This configuration reliably prevents damage to the spray pump 9a. Since the live PTO output shaft 33 is originally designed to move so as to enable the spray pump 9a to operate even when the clutch 55 is disengaged, no particular problem occurs even if the live PTO output shaft 33 is allowed to run idly.

[0127] The front boom 11a and the pest control boom 10 are moved up and down during operation according to the turning movement, position in the field, crop growth conditions, etc., but due to their weight and length, the time required for the raising operation tends to be longer than the lowering operation.

[0128] This causes problems such as the inability to increase the turning speed, which increases the time required for work, and the delay in ascent when adjusting the vertical interval according to the height of the crop, which causes uneven supply of pesticide. In addition, the slow ascent when avoiding an obstacle can cause the pest control boom 10 to come into contact with the obstacle and be damaged.

[0129] To solve this problem, a configuration can be considered in which hydraulic pressure generated during the lowering operation is accumulated and released during the ascent, thereby increasing the hydraulic oil supply speed and reducing the time required for the ascent operation.

[0130] As a specific example of this configuration, a pressure accumulator solenoid valve 115 that opens when the pest control lifting cylinder 113, which raises and lowers the front boom 11a, is provided upstream of the oil passageway from the check valve 114 that controls the flow rate of hydraulic oil when the pest control lifting cylinder 113, which raises and lowers the front boom 11a, extends and retracts; and an accumulator 116 that holds the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic oil drawn in when the pressure accumulator solenoid valve 115 opens. In addition, a hydraulic pressure adjustment valve 117 is provided that opens when the hydraulic pressure falls below a certain level when the pest control lifting cylinder 113 is raised, and releases the hydraulic oil held in the accumulator 116 to increase the hydraulic pressure in the oil passageway.

[0131] During a lowering operation, the hydraulic oil that passes through check valve 114 and moves upstream of the oil passage is retained and stored in accumulator 116 until it is needed, so that when an ascent operation is performed, the increase in hydraulic pressure can be accelerated by the amount of pressure stored in accumulator 116.

[0132] Therefore, the front boom 11a and the pest control boom 10 can be moved upward quickly, so that the spray height of the pesticide on the crops can be maintained appropriately to prevent uneven supply of the pesticide, and obstacles can be avoided to prevent damage.

[0133] The control unit 5 is provided with a meter panel 5a that indicates the traveling speed, the current work settings, the occurrence of abnormalities, etc., and this meter panel 5a is provided with a safety lamp 118 that indicates whether the vehicle is in a safety mode in which operation of each device is refused until the engine output and hydraulic system stabilize after the key is turned on, as shown in FIG. 27, and a backup lamp 9 that indicates whether the vehicle is in a backup mode in which the working device (not shown) attached to the rear of the traveling body 1 is automatically raised to a predetermined height when the vehicle is driven in reverse, and automatically returned to the working height before it was raised when the vehicle is switched to forward.

[0134] Depending on whether the safety lamp 118 is lit or not, the operator can visually determine whether it is OK to start operating each part of the machine, so work can be started with sufficient engine output for travel and transmission of power to each work device and with the hydraulic system operating according to the control design, thereby improving work efficiency and accuracy.

[0135] In addition, since there was no part equivalent to the safety lamp 118 in the past, there were problems in that the worker would operate the travelling operation or each working device while in safety mode, and would start working without positioning the working device at the appropriate height, or would be unable to move from the travelling start position and perform overlapping tasks.

[0136] In addition, the hydraulic system was subjected to excessive stress, which led to problems such as reduced durability and damage to hydraulic system components.

[0137] The above-mentioned safety mode is ended by turning off the safety lamp 118, which may be overlooked by the worker. Therefore, when the safety lamp 118 is turned off, the buzzer 107b of the alarm device 107 is activated to notify the worker by voice, which allows the worker to move on to work promptly and reduces time waste.

[0138] Depending on whether the backup lamp 119 is lit or not, the worker can visually determine whether or not it is necessary to manually raise the working implement attached to the rear of the traveling body 1 before performing a reverse operation, which prevents the worker from forgetting to switch to backup mode or forgetting that the conditions are such that the backup mode cannot be used and thus causing the worker to reverse with the working implement lowered.

[0139] This eliminates the need to redo the work due to disturbance of the field where the work implement has been carried out, and also prevents the work implement from coming into contact with the crops being cultivated and damaging the crops.

[0140] In addition, since the working device can be prevented from being pushed in the direction opposite to the working direction, damage to the working device can be prevented.

[0141] Although the conventional configuration also had a component equivalent to the backup lamp 119, it was located on the left and right sides of the cockpit, making it difficult to check while flying, which led to a problem of not realizing that the backup mode had been forgotten to be turned on.

[0142] There is a ride-on control machine that has a cabin 200 around the control section 5 and seat 8 of the traveling vehicle body 1 to protect the operator from wind, rain, sunlight, and the pesticide being sprayed. Attached to the upper part of the front side of the cabin 200 are rearview mirrors 201, 201 that show the area that the operator inside the cabin 200 can check, such as the situation behind the machine and the storage status of the pest control boom 10.

[0143] The riding management machine equipped with the cabin 200 has pillars and other components that block visibility at the front, rear, and all four corners, which maintain the strength of the cabin 200. In addition, glass is provided between the pillars and other components, but this glass prevents the worker from leaning out unless he or she opens the entrance, making it difficult to check the turning angle of the front wheels 2, 2 while working.

[0144] In addition, since the pest control boom 10 during operation is positioned toward the outside of the left and right sides of the machine, when the worker visually checks the end of the pest control boom 10, the worker's gaze tends to be focused to the side, causing the worker to neglect to check the front and rear of the machine, making it difficult to notice the occurrence of a problem.

[0145] In order to reduce such blind spots during work, front wheel mirrors 202, 202 that reflect the front wheels 2, 2 are provided below the left and right rearview mirrors 201, 201 so that their angles can be adjusted via ball joints, as shown in Figures 28 and 29. The front wheel mirrors 202 are adjusted to a position that makes it easy for the worker to judge the turning angle of the front wheels 2, 2.

[0146] This allows the operator to visually check the turning angle of the front wheels 2,2 while remaining seated in the seat 8 in the cabin 200, and therefore allows the operator to quickly operate the steering handle 6 to correct the course when the turning angle of the front wheels 2,2 is such that the front wheels 2,2 may come into contact with the crops, thereby preventing the crops from being damaged, resulting in poor growth and reduced commercial value.

[0147] In addition, by providing the front wheel mirror 202 below the rearview mirror 201, the situation behind the vehicle and the turning angle of the front wheels 2 can be visually confirmed at the same time, preventing the driver from being distracted by one thing and overlooking a problem in the other.

[0148] In addition to the above configuration, a boom mirror 203 that reflects the pest control boom 10 rotated toward the outside of the aircraft is provided at the upper part of the rotating hinge 11b, which attaches the pest control boom 10 to the left and right ends of the front boom 11a, and the angle of the boom mirror 203 is adjustable.

[0149] This allows the worker to view the end of the pest control boom 10 while facing forward during operation, and quickly check whether the pest control boom 10 is at an appropriate height for spraying the pesticide. This prevents the pesticide from being sprayed from a high place, which can lead to uneven distribution due to the influence of wind, and also prevents the pest control boom 10 from being positioned too low and damaging crops that it comes into contact with.

[0150] In addition, because the operator no longer needs to concentrate his or her gaze on the sides of the aircraft, it becomes easier to notice any deviations in the aircraft's course or the occurrence of any problems, improving the accuracy of spraying pesticides and preventing damage to crops.

[0151] In addition, since the vertical height of the front boom 11a is changed using a parallel link, the angle of the boom mirror 203 provided on the rotating hinge 11b is not related to changes in the vertical position, and there is no need to adjust the angle of the boom mirror 203 each time the height is adjusted.

[0152] However, even with this arrangement, the rear of the aircraft is blocked by the chemical tank 9 and the like, so the visible range is limited.

[0153] To facilitate visibility behind the aircraft, a digital mirror 204 made of a liquid crystal panel or the like and capable of displaying an image captured by a camera 205 is attached inside the cabin 200 at the top of the front side of the aircraft.

[0154] 30 and 31(a), the camera 205 forms an installation space within the vertical width of the roof member provided on the upper part of the cabin 200, i.e., the visor 200a, and is provided within this installation space so that the shooting range can be moved up and down and left and right. Also, a cable (not shown) that sends the video and image data captured by the camera 205 to the digital mirror 204 is configured to pass through the inside of the visor 200a and be pulled into the cabin 200.

[0155] Since the chemical liquid tank 9 has a width approximately equal to that of the cabin 200, the shooting range of the camera 205 should be at least wide-angle in the left-right direction, and if the digital mirror 204 has a long aspect ratio, it is easy to display the condition behind the aircraft on a single screen.

[0156] 31(b), the digital mirror 204 can be turned off or switched to a state in which it reflects an image similar to that of a mirror, so that it can be used as a rearview mirror. In that case, the mounting position of the digital mirror 204 should be at a height that reflects the rear of the liquid tank 9 and the rear wheels 3, 3.

[0157] This allows the worker to view the area behind the traveling body 1 that is blocked by the chemical tank 9 while facing forward, making it possible to determine whether the spraying of the chemicals is causing abnormalities in the crops being grown and to appropriately adjust the turning angle of the rear wheels 3, 3.

[0158] In addition, since there is no need to look back, deviations in the direction of travel and operational errors are less likely to occur, improving workability.

[0159] When working in a farm field, including spraying pesticides, there are many opportunities for soil, pesticide solutions, etc. to get on the workers' hands. If the workers touch the digital mirror 204 when switching between the state showing the image from the camera 205 and the state showing the rearview mirror, the dirt will reduce visibility of part of the display surface.

[0160] 30 and 31, a gesture sensor 206 is provided on the side or bottom of digital mirror 204, which switches between a state showing the image captured by camera 205 and a rear-view mirror state based on the direction in which the worker passes their hand or arm. This gesture sensor 206 is capable of determining the direction in which the worker's hand or arm moves, for example, from right to left or left to right, from the change in coordinates.

[0161] For example, when digital mirror 204 is activated by turning the key on, it goes into a state where it reflects an image from camera 205, and when a hand or arm is moved in one direction at a position away from gesture sensor 206 downward or to the side, it switches to a rear-view mirror state. A control configuration is conceivable in which, when digital mirror 204 is in the rear-view mirror state, if a hand or arm is moved in the opposite direction, it goes into a state where it reflects an image from camera 205.

[0162] This allows the worker to switch the state without touching the digital mirror 204, preventing the display surface of the digital mirror 204 from becoming dirty and reducing visibility.

[0163] In addition, assuming that the gesture sensor 206 may fail, the digital mirror 204 may be provided with a switch (not shown) for switching the display state.

[0164] When more operations are assigned, the action of switching the digital mirror 204 between a state in which it displays an image or video and a state in which it functions as a rear-view mirror may be represented by a movement of the operator's hand or arm from right to left, repeated alternatingly.

[0165] 32(a)(b), the brightness of the digital mirror 204 may be switched from bright to dark and from dark to bright depending on the time of day and the weather. This allows the brightness to be lowered during bright hours when the sun is shining and raised when working on cloudy days or in the evening or early morning, making it possible to accurately distinguish what is reflected, improve work efficiency, and quickly respond to problems.

[0166] In addition, the movement of the operator's arm from front to back and back to front can be assigned to the operation of the up and down angle of the camera 205, so that the shooting range can be easily changed when the captured video or image becomes unsuitable for checking the rear due to the forward or backward tilt of the machine body, etc. Furthermore, the movement of the hand or arm in the left and right direction may be made to enable the shooting range of the camera 205 to be changed in the left and right direction.

[0167] As mentioned above, there is a risk that the spray pump 9a may be damaged when the amount of chemical liquid in the chemical liquid tank 9 runs low. However, this problem occurs during the operation of spraying the chemical, and there is another problem that may occur when the operation of spraying the chemical is not being performed.

[0168] The capacity of the chemical solution tank 9 is often several hundred liters, and as the chemical solution is used and decreases, the fore-aft balance of the machine body fluctuates significantly. On flat ground, problems are unlikely to occur due to the weight of the front boom 11a at the front of the machine body, etc., but since the entrance and exit of a farm field are basically inclined, the fore-aft balance of the machine body is significantly affected when passing through this.

[0169] For example, if the chemical tank 9 contains a large amount of chemical solution, the weight balance will be biased towards the rear of the machine, which may cause problems such as the front of the machine lifting up when moving uphill, i.e., when leaving the field, making it impossible to travel.

[0170] Conversely, if there is almost no chemical solution left in the chemical solution tank 9, the weight of the front boom 11a, etc. will shift the weight balance towards the front of the machine, which may cause problems such as the rear of the machine lifting up when moving downhill, i.e., when entering a farm field, making it impossible to travel.

[0171] It is not realistic to release several hundred liters of liquid pesticide or to store several hundred liters of liquid pesticide in the liquid pesticide tank 9 or to provide a weight of the same weight as the liquid pesticide in order to eliminate the weight imbalance, so it is necessary to reverse out of the field when there is a lot of liquid pesticide remaining, and reverse into the field when there is only a little liquid remaining.

[0172] The liquid chemical tank 9 is mostly made of synthetic resin and is lightweight when no liquid chemical is placed inside.

[0173] In order to ensure that the operator drives appropriately as described above, as shown in Figures 16 and 33, a longitudinal inclination sensor 300 is provided on the vehicle body 1 so as to detect the longitudinal inclination angle of the vehicle body, and when the longitudinal inclination sensor 300 detects an inclination, the control device 103, based on the remaining amount detected by a capacity sensor 301 provided in the chemical solution tank 9, displays on the operation unit 5 or information terminal, if the conditions are met, that the vehicle should enter or exit the field by reversing.

[0174] For example, when the front-rear tilt sensor 300 detects the upward tilt angle at the front of the traveling body 1, it can be determined that the traveling body 1 is moving uphill, and therefore when the remaining amount of chemical solution detected by the capacitance sensor 301 is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount, a message is displayed on the operation unit 5 or information terminal indicating that the vehicle should exit the field in reverse. On the other hand, when the remaining amount of chemical solution is less than the predetermined amount, the front-rear weight balance is achieved, or the weight is biased toward the front of the vehicle, the above message is not displayed.

[0175] The above-mentioned capacitance sensor 301 must be capable of successively detecting the remaining amount of the liquid medicine using ultrasonic waves, a laser, or the like, so it must either replace the above-mentioned liquid medicine remaining amount sensor 111 or be provided separately. When the liquid medicine stored in the liquid medicine tank 9 is water or a non-flammable pesticide, there is no risk of fire, so the detection means may be one that involves electricity or some heating, but when using a pesticide that contains a flammable oily component, it is necessary to use one that does not allow the temperature to reach the ignition point.

[0176] When displaying the instruction to reverse the vehicle, the buzzer 107b may be activated to ensure that the operator is aware of the instruction.

[0177] When the longitudinal inclination sensor 300 detects the downward forward inclination angle of the traveling body 1, it can be determined that the traveling body 1 is moving downhill, and therefore when the remaining amount of chemical solution detected by the capacitance sensor 301 is less than a predetermined amount, a message is displayed on the control unit 5 or information terminal to the effect that the vehicle should enter the field in reverse. On the other hand, when the remaining amount of chemical solution is equal to or greater than the predetermined amount and the weight balance between the front and rear is good or is biased toward the rear of the vehicle, the above message is not displayed.

[0178] As a result of the above, it is possible to prevent the vehicle from traveling through the entrance or exit of a field without realizing that it may become unable to travel, so there is no need to move the traveling vehicle body 1 in and out of the field using a separate working machine, such as a tractor, etc., and this prevents the time, effort, and cost required for unnecessary work from being incurred. [Industrial Applicability]

[0179] The present invention makes it possible to grasp the conditions of the underside, sides, and rear of the vehicle while facing the direction of travel of the vehicle, making it ideal for work vehicles equipped with a pesticide spraying device. [Explanation of symbols]

[0180] 1 Running vehicle 2 Front wheels 3 Rear wheel 9 Chemical tank 9a Spray pump 10 Pest control boom (spraying device) 103 Control device 107 Alarm device 111 Chemical solution remaining amount sensor (remaining amount detection member) 200 Cabin (boarding area) 201 Rearview mirror (rear display part) 202 Front wheel mirror (front wheel display part) 203 Boom mirror (dispersion device display component) 204 Digital mirror (rear display component) 205 Camera (photographic device) 206 Gesture sensor (motion detection component) 300 Front and rear tilt sensor (tilt detection component)

Claims

1. A work vehicle having front wheels (2) and rear wheels (3) that can rotate left and right on a traveling body (1), a spraying device (10) for spraying a chemical agent that can rotate about an axis in the vertical direction, the spraying device (10) being configured to rotate to a chemical agent spraying position in the left and right direction and a stored position along the vehicle body, a boarding section (200) for a worker to board, and a rear display member (201) for visually confirming the rear of the traveling body (1), A front wheel display member (202) on which the front wheel (2) is displayed on a display surface is provided below the rear display member (201); A work vehicle characterized in that a spraying device display member (203) is provided in front of the rear display member (201) and near the rotation fulcrum of the spraying device (10), on whose display surface the spraying device (10) rotated toward the outside of the vehicle body is displayed.

2. A liquid medicine tank (9) for storing the liquid medicine to be sprayed by the spraying device (10) is provided at the rear of the riding section (200), and a photographing device (205) for photographing the area behind the liquid medicine tank (9) is provided; 2. The work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the riding section (200) is provided with a rear display member (204) for displaying the video and images captured by the image capturing device (205).

3. 3. The work vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the rear display member (204) is configured to be switchable to a mirror state in which a reflected image is displayed.

4. A motion detection member (206) for detecting the motion of an operator is provided on the rear display member (204); The work vehicle according to claim 3, further comprising a control device (103) for switching the video or image display state and the mirror surface state of the rear display member (204) in accordance with the motion detected by the motion detection member (206).

Images