Solar panel installation structure

Abstract

To obtain desired fixing strength when an installation surface such as a flat roof has unevenness or when fixing strength needs to be improved.SOLUTION: A solar cell panel installation structure in which a solar cell panel 12 is installed in an inclined manner on a horizontal installation surface 11 comprises main body fittings 31 which are paired with each other on the upper and lower sides of the inclination so as to support the solar cell panel 12. On each of the main body fittings 31, there are formed: a fixing piece 32 having an area which can be bonded and fixed to the installation surface 11 while allowing a weight to be placed thereon; an erected piece 33 erected from one end of the fixing piece 32; and a support piece 34 which extends from the upper end of the erected piece 33 in the opposite direction to the fixing piece 32 so as to support the solar cell panel 12. The solar cell panel installation structure further comprises an auxiliary fitting 51 fixed to a lower end portion of the erected piece 33 of each of the main body fittings 31. On the auxiliary fitting 51, there are formed: an upright piece 52 fixed to the erected piece 33; and a grounding piece 53 which extends horizontally from the lower end of the upright piece 52 so as to be bonded and fixed to the installation surface 11. The angle between the upright piece 52 and the grounding piece 53 is variable.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a structure for mounting a solar panel on a flat mounting surface such as the ground or a flat roof. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 below discloses a support structure as a structure for mounting a solar cell panel on a horizontal mounting surface.

[0003] This support structure uses a support bracket that has a ground piece that contacts the installation surface and a standing piece of a specified length with a panel fixing part at its upper end that stands upward from the ground piece and fixes the solar panel in place. The support brackets are used in pairs, one on the lower side of the tilt of the solar panel that is installed at an angle and one on the upper side of the tilt.

[0004] When installing, the solar panel is turned over and the panel fixing part of the support bracket is fixed to the back side, then the solar panel is placed on the installation surface with the front side facing up and pressed down by the weight of the weight. A concrete block with a space extending upward is used as the weight, and part of the concrete block is placed on the grounding piece. A restricting piece is erected at the tip of the installation piece to be inserted into the space in the concrete block.

[0005] In an installation structure using such support brackets, the installation can be performed simply and quickly because the concrete block can be fixed by simply placing it on the concrete block. Furthermore, even if the midpoint of the concrete block in the longitudinal direction is placed on the grounding piece, part of the bottom surface of the concrete block is in direct contact with the installation surface, so the posture of the weight body is stable and a good installation condition can be obtained. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Registered Utility Model No. 3209229 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] However, while the length of the upright pieces of the support brackets is constant for both the lower and upper support brackets, there is some variation in the length of the solar panel in the direction of inclination. Also, there may be a misalignment between the panel fixing part at the top of the upright piece and the fixing position of the solar panel. In such cases, the distance between the lower support bracket and the upper support bracket will differ from the planned specific distance.

[0008] As a result, when the solar panel is installed, the grounding piece of the support bracket may not be in proper horizontal contact with the installation surface.

[0009] Furthermore, particularly when the installation surface is a flat roof, unevenness may occur on the installation surface during construction of the flat roof or due to subsequent deterioration, in which case too the grounding piece of the support bracket will not be in proper horizontal contact with the installation surface.

[0010] If there is a gap under the ground piece, the fixing strength of the support bracket will not be as strong as desired.

[0011] Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to provide a method for obtaining a desired fixing strength even when the support bracket cannot be properly grounded to the installation surface. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] The means for achieving this is a solar cell panel installation structure for installing a solar cell panel at an angle on a horizontal installation surface, the solar cell panel being provided with a pair of main metal fittings on the lower and upper sides of the inclination to support the solar cell panel on the installation surface, the main metal fittings having a fixed piece having an area on which a weight can be placed and which can also be adhesively fixed to the installation surface, a standing piece standing from one end of the fixed piece, and a support piece extending from an upper end of the standing piece in the opposite direction to the fixed piece and supporting the solar cell panel, the main metal fittings being formed in a rectangular shape of a constant width that is long in the direction extending from the fixed piece to the support piece in a plan view, and the main metal fittings being provided with auxiliary metal fittings fixed to the standing piece, the auxiliary metal fittings being: The metal body is formed from a plate material that is thinner than the metal body, This solar panel installation structure has a standing piece fixed to the standing piece and a grounding piece extending horizontally from the lower end of the standing piece and adhesively fixed to the installation surface, and the angle between the standing piece and the grounding piece is variable.

[0013] In this configuration, the auxiliary metal fitting is used mainly when the fixed piece of the main metal fitting does not properly contact the installation surface, such as when the distance between the main metal fitting on the lower side of the incline and the main metal fitting on the upper side of the incline differs from a predetermined value or when the installation surface is uneven. The standing piece of the auxiliary metal fitting is integrated with the standing piece of the main metal fitting, and the angle of the grounding piece relative to the standing piece is changed so that a good contact state with the installation surface is obtained. The grounding piece is adhesively fixed to the installation surface at a position close to the standing piece, and even if there is unevenness, the adhesive layer absorbs the unevenness, ensuring a fixed state with respect to the installation surface, and supporting the main metal fitting via the standing piece. Effect of the Invention

[0014] According to this invention, an auxiliary fitting is provided with a grounding piece whose angle can be changed relative to the standing piece, so that the desired fixing strength can be obtained by using the auxiliary fitting when good conditions for installation cannot be obtained or when greater fixing strength is desired. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] FIG. [Diagram 2] FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a usage mode of the main body fitting. [Figure 6] FIG. 11 is a side view showing a manner in which the main fitting is fixed to the mounting surface. [Figure 7] FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 13 is a side view showing a manner in which the device is fixed to a placement surface using an auxiliary metal fitting. [Figure 10] FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. [Figure 13] FIG. [Figure 14] 4A and 4B are a perspective view and a side view showing a state in which the locking fitting is used. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0016] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0017] This invention is a solar cell panel installation structure (hereinafter referred to as "installation structure") for installing a solar cell panel at an angle on a horizontal installation surface such as a flat roof or the ground, and is composed of a main metal fitting 31 that is fixed to an installation surface 11 and supports the solar cell panel as shown in Fig. 1. In addition to the main metal fitting 31, an auxiliary metal fitting 51 may be provided as necessary.

[0018] First, the main metal fitting 31 and an installation structure using the main metal fitting 31 will be described.

[0019] Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the installation structure. As shown in this figure, the solar panel 12 is installed at an angle to the installation surface 11, with one of the four sides being lower than the other side on the opposite side. For this installation, a pair of main body fittings 31 are used, one on the lower side and the other on the upper side.

[0020] The main metal fitting 31 is formed by pressing a single metal plate, as shown in Fig. 3 and part of Fig. 4 (the left part of Fig. 3 and the right part of Fig. 4). The metal plate is a strip of a certain width, and stainless steel is preferably used, for example. The main metal fitting 31 in Fig. 3 is the main metal fitting 31a on the lower side of the incline, and the main metal fitting 31 in Fig. 4 is the main metal fitting 31b on the upper side of the incline.

[0021] The main body metal fitting 31 has, in order from one side in the longitudinal direction, a fixed piece 32, an upright piece 33, and a support piece .

[0022] The fixing piece 32 is a rectangle having an area capable of placing the weight 13 (see Figs. 6(b) and (c)) thereon and also capable of adhesively fixing it to the installation surface 11. The weight 13 may be a curbstone or a concrete block. For this reason, the longitudinal length of the fixing piece 32 is set to a length capable of placing the weight 13, preferably the entire weight 13. Specifically, when the weight 13 is a curbstone, the longitudinal length of the fixing piece 32 may be, for example, about 130 mm. The width of the fixing piece 32 is a width that provides a sufficient adhesive area taking into account the length of the fixing piece 32, and may be, for example, about 50 mm.

[0023] An upwardly rising portion 32a is formed at the tip of the fixed piece 32, that is, the end opposite to the rising piece 33. The rising portion 32a has the function of catching a corner of the weight 13 for positioning, and the rising height is set appropriately.

[0024] Upright piece 33 is a part that stands at a right angle from one end of fixed piece 32, and has the same width as fixed piece 32. The height of upright piece 33 is set shorter for main body metal fitting 31a on the lower side of the inclination in Fig. 3 than for main body metal fitting 31b on the upper side of the inclination in Fig. 4, and each height is set according to the length in the inclination direction and the inclination angle of solar cell panel 12.

[0025] The height of the upright piece 33 on the main body metal fitting 31a on the lower side of the incline is determined taking into consideration that the weight 13 is placed on the fixed piece 32, and is therefore determined so that the supported solar cell panel 12 is not shaded by the weight 13 (see Figures 6(b) and (c)).

[0026] Through holes 33a, 33b are formed at the top and bottom of the standing piece 33. These through holes 33a, 33b are for passing bolts as fasteners. The upper through hole 33a is formed at a predetermined position downward from the top end of the standing piece 33, and the lower through hole 33b is formed at a predetermined position upward from the bottom end of the standing piece 33. It is sufficient to have one through hole 33a, 33b in the middle of the standing piece 33 in the width direction, but multiple holes can be provided if necessary.

[0027] The size of the through holes 33a and 33b is not a size that perfectly fits the diameter of the bolt, but is slightly larger than that, and is a size that allows for a positional deviation of about several millimeters between the through holes even when the bolt is inserted. The same applies to the through holes described below.

[0028] The support piece 34 is a part that extends from the upper end of the standing piece 33 in the opposite direction to the fixing piece 32 and supports the solar cell panel 12. As described above, since the solar cell panel 12 is installed at an angle, the support piece 34 is not perpendicular to the standing piece 33, in other words, is not parallel to the fixing piece 32, and is inclined in the same direction as the inclination of the solar cell panel 12. Since the support piece 34 in the illustrated example is used to place and fix the solar cell panel 12, the inclination angle of the support piece 34 is the same as the inclination angle of the solar cell panel 12.

[0029] In the main body fitting 31a on the lower side of the incline in FIG. 3, the support piece 34 extends diagonally upward from the upper end of the upright piece 33, and in the main body fitting 31b on the upper side of the incline in FIG. 4, the support piece 34 extends diagonally downward from the upper end of the upright piece 33.

[0030] The width of the support piece 34 is the same as that of the upright piece 33, and the length of the support piece 34 is set to a length sufficient to support the solar cell panel 12. A through hole 34a is also formed in the support piece 34. This through hole 34a is for fixing the solar cell panel 12, and is formed at an appropriate position in the middle of the support piece 34 in the width direction.

[0031] Thus, the main body fitting 31 having the fixed piece 32, the upright piece 33 and the support piece 34 is a rectangle of a constant width that is long in the direction extending from the fixed piece 32 to the support piece 34 in a plan view, and maintains a bent shape in a side view.

[0032] The main body metal fitting 31 is fixed to the back surface of the solar cell panel 12 and then fixed to the installation surface 11, for example as shown in FIG.

[0033] The support piece 34 may be directly fixed to the solar cell panel 12 by means of a bolt or the like using the through hole 34a, but can also be fixed using a separate clamp 35 as shown in FIG.

[0034] The clamp 35 is a rectangular plate with the same width as the support piece 34, and has bent pieces 35a, 35b bent downward at both ends in the longitudinal direction. One bent piece 35a sandwiches the piece 12a on the back side of the frame of the solar cell panel 12, and is shorter than the other bent piece 35b. A through hole 35c for inserting a bolt 36 is formed in the center of the clamp 35, and the clamp 35 is fastened to the support piece 34 by the bolt 36 inserted into the through hole 34a of the support piece 34.

[0035] There are three ways to fix the main body metal fitting 31 to the installation surface 11, as shown in Fig. 6. One is a method of adhesive fixation as shown in (a). The adhesive fixation can be performed by applying an adhesive or by using a double-sided adhesive sheet. In the figure, 14 is an adhesive fixing layer made of an adhesive or a double-sided adhesive sheet.

[0036] The double-sided adhesive sheet is not shown, but is configured such that adhesive layers are integrally formed on both sides of a sheet-like base material made of, for example, a rubber sheet, woven fabric, or nonwoven fabric, and has strong adhesive power and good weather resistance. The double-sided adhesive sheet used is preferably cut into a shape corresponding to the adhesive surface, which is the lower surface of the fixing piece 32.

[0037] Whether to use an adhesive or a double-sided adhesive sheet is determined appropriately according to the properties of the installation surface 11.

[0038] The second method is to place a weight 13 on the wall and fix it by its weight, as shown in (b). In the illustrated example, a curbstone is used as the weight 13.

[0039] The third method is a combination of the above-mentioned methods (a) and (b), that is, bonding and using a weight 13.

[0040] The fixing method to be adopted is appropriately determined depending on the environment (wind direction, wind force, etc.) of the area where the installation surface 11 is located and the condition of the installation surface 11.

[0041] Next, the auxiliary fitting 51 will be described.

[0042] As shown in Figures 3 and part of Figure 4 (the right part in Figure 3 and the left part in Figure 4), the auxiliary metal fitting 51 is formed by bending a single metal plate with a press. Note that the auxiliary metal fittings 51 shown in Figures 3 and 4 have the same structure, but are viewed from different directions.

[0043] The auxiliary metal fitting 51 is fixed to the upright piece 33 of the main metal fitting 31, and has a standing piece 52 fixed to the upright piece 33, and a grounding piece 53 extending horizontally from the lower end of the standing piece 52 and adhesively fixed to the installation surface 11. The angle between the standing piece 52 and the grounding piece 53 is a right angle, but can be changed as shown by the arrow in FIG.

[0044] The standing piece 52 is formed to have the same width as the standing piece 33 of the main metal fitting 31. The height of the standing piece 52 is set appropriately, but is set to a height that allows the standing piece 52 to be fixed to the standing piece 33 with a fastener passed through the through hole 33b below the standing piece 33 when the lower surface of the grounding piece 53 is aligned to the same height as the lower surface of the fixing piece 32 of the main metal fitting 31.

[0045] A through hole 52a is formed in the center of the standing piece 52, through which a bolt inserted into the standing piece 33 passes.

[0046] The ground piece 53 is a rectangle in plan view with the standing piece 52 in the middle in the longitudinal direction. In other words, the longitudinal direction of the ground piece 53 is the same as the width direction of the standing piece 52, and when the standing piece 52 is overlapped with the upright piece 33 of the main metal fitting 31, the ground piece 53 appears to extend in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the main metal fitting 31.

[0047] The thickness of the metal plate constituting the auxiliary metal fitting 51, in which the angle between the ground piece 53 and the standing piece 52 is variable, is set to be thinner than that of the main metal fitting 31. Specifically, if the thickness of the main metal fitting 31 is set to about 2 mm to 3 mm, the thickness of the auxiliary metal fitting 51 should be less than half that, about 0.8 mm to 1 mm. The metal plate constituting the auxiliary metal fitting 51 may be made of, for example, an aluminum alloy.

[0048] Auxiliary metal fitting 51 having such a configuration can be manufactured with a good yield rate by setting the height of standing piece 52 and the length of standing piece 52 in the height direction of grounding piece 53 to be the same, as shown in Figure 7. In Figure 7, reference numeral 54 denotes a metal plate that is the material for auxiliary metal fitting 51, solid dashed line 54a indicates the cutting position and drilling position, and solid broken line 54b indicates the bending position.

[0049] In other words, when the height of the standing piece 52 of the auxiliary metal fitting 51 and the height direction length of the standing piece 52 of the grounding piece 53 are set to be the same, production can be performed with a good yield, just as in the case of manufacturing the main body metal fitting 31, and material waste can be minimized to reduce production costs.

[0050] When the installation structure using such an auxiliary bracket 51 is illustrated without showing the fixing method, as shown in Figure 8, the standing piece 52 of the auxiliary bracket 51 is overlapped with the standing piece 33 of the main body bracket 31, and the grounding piece 53 spreads out horizontally below the solar panel 12.

[0051] The auxiliary metal fitting 51 is fixed in place as follows. When adhesively fixing the main metal fitting 31 to the installation surface 11, as shown in Figure 9(a), the grounding piece 53 of the auxiliary metal fitting 51 is adhesively fixed to the installation surface 11, and the standing piece 52 is fixed to the standing piece 33 with a bolt 55. The adhesive fixation is performed with an adhesive or a double-sided adhesive sheet, as in the case of the main metal fitting 31.

[0052] The standing piece 52 may be fixed to the standing piece 33 by adhesion using an adhesive or a double-sided adhesive sheet, as shown in FIG. 9(b).

[0053] When the standing piece 52 is adhesively fixed to the upright piece 33, unlike when it is fixed with the bolt 55, there is no part of the fixing piece 32 that protrudes upward, so the main metal fitting 31 can be fixed to the installation surface 11 using a curb in addition to or only with the curb. Of course, if the length of the fixing piece 32 is set long in consideration of the length of the bolt 55 that fixes the standing piece 52, it is also possible to fix it using a curb in this case.

[0054] When the auxiliary metal fitting 51 is used, the angle between the grounding piece 53 and the standing piece 52 is appropriately changed according to the installation surface 11 so that the entire surface of the grounding piece 53 contacts the installation surface 11, even though the standing piece 52 of the auxiliary metal fitting 51 is integrated along the upright piece 33 of the main metal fitting 31. This allows for a good adhesion state of the grounding piece 53. The auxiliary metal fitting 51 is formed of a plate material thinner than the main metal fitting 31, and is formed by bending a metal plate, so that the angle between the grounding piece 53 and the standing piece 52 can be flexibly changed. Furthermore, since the grounding piece 53 is adhesively fixed to the installation surface 11, even if the installation surface 11 is uneven (uneven), the adhesive of the adhesive fixing layer 14 absorbs the unevenness, and adhesion can be achieved over a wide surface.

[0055] Figure 10 illustrates a case where the installation surface 11 is not uneven, but the fixing piece 32 is tilted relative to the installation surface 11 due to the spacing between the pair of main body fittings 31, resulting in a gap S below the rising portion 32a.

[0056] FIG. 11 shows an example in which the fixing piece 32 is tilted due to unevenness of the installation surface 11.

[0057] In either case, as described above, the angle between the grounding piece 53 of the auxiliary bracket 51 and the standing piece 52 is appropriately changed and the fixed state of the main bracket 31 is reinforced, thereby ensuring the overall fixing strength.

[0058] Moreover, since the grounding piece 53 of the auxiliary metal fitting 51 spreads out below the solar cell panel 12, the grounding piece 53 is located in the shade, which prevents deterioration of the adhesive component of the adhesive fixing layer 14. This also ensures the fixing strength.

[0059] In addition, the grounding piece 53 of the auxiliary metal fitting 51 is a rectangle in plan view with the standing piece 52 at the middle in the longitudinal direction, and is long in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main metal fitting 31, so that the fixing force can be exerted over a wide range in the width direction at the base of the standing piece 33. Therefore, even if a tilting load acts on the main metal fitting 31, the fixing state can be effectively maintained. Furthermore, when the installation surface 11 is uneven and the unevenness is caused by, for example, the seam of the waterproof sheet, there may be a certain tendency in the appearance of the unevenness. In such a case, the grounding piece 53 of the auxiliary metal fitting 51 makes the direction of the part exerting the fixing force different from that of the main metal fitting 31, so that a strong fixing state can be obtained more reliably from this point of view as well.

[0060] Furthermore, the auxiliary metal fittings 51 have a shape that allows the same one to be used for both the main metal fittings 31a on the lower side of the incline and the main metal fittings 31b on the upper side of the incline, which simplifies installation and product management.

[0061] Whether or not to use the auxiliary metal fittings 51 for fastening is determined appropriately according to the environment (wind direction, wind force, etc.) of the area where the installation surface 11 is located and the condition of the installation surface 11, as in the case of fastening the main metal fittings 31 described above. The auxiliary metal fittings 51 may be used even if the installation surface 11 is not uneven.

[0062] When using the auxiliary brackets 51, the auxiliary brackets 51 can be fixed to all of the main brackets 31 used in the installation structure as shown in Figure 12. Alternatively, the auxiliary brackets 51 can be used partially depending on the situation, such as the condition of the installation surface 11 and whether or not the area is prone to being tilted, as shown in Figure 13.

[0063] In locations subject to strong winds, a locking fitting 61 as shown in Fig. 14 can be used. The locking fitting 61 holds down the edge of the solar cell panel 12 from above, and is made of a metal plate of the same width as the upright piece 33 of the main body fitting 31, with a locking piece 63 formed at the upper end of the main body 62. The locking piece 63 is bent at a right angle to the main body 62. The main body 62 has a vertically long slot 62a in the center in the width direction.

[0064] This elongated hole 62a is a portion through which a bolt 64 passes which is inserted into the upper through hole 33a of the upright piece 33 of the main body metal fitting 31.

[0065] Such a locking metal fitting 61 can be commonly used for both the main body fitting 31a on the lower side of the incline and the main body fitting 31b on the upper side of the incline, as shown in FIG.

[0066] When in use, the bolt 64 is passed through the long hole 62 a and tightened at a position where the locking piece 63 presses against the edge of the solar panel 12 .

[0067] The locking piece 63 of the locking metal fitting 61 does not have to be perpendicular to the main body 62, but may be inclined like the support piece 34 of the main body fitting 31.

[0068] The above configuration is one embodiment for carrying out the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to only the above configuration, and other configurations can also be adopted.

[0069] For example, the auxiliary metal fitting 51 may be made by molding a synthetic resin, such as a stampable sheet.

[0070] Furthermore, the planar shape of the ground piece 53 of the auxiliary metal fitting 51 may be any suitable shape other than the horizontally long rectangle described above. [Explanation of symbols]

[0071] 11…Installation surface 12…Solar panel 13... Weight 14…Adhesive fixing layer 31…Main body fitting 32...Fixed piece 32a…Rising part 33…Standing piece 34...Support piece 51...Auxiliary fittings 52…Upright piece 53...Grounding piece

Claims

1. A solar panel installation structure in which a solar panel is installed at an angle on a horizontal installation surface, a main body fitting for supporting the solar panel on the installation surface in a pair on a lower side and an upper side; the main body metal fitting has a fixing piece having an area on which a weight can be placed and which can also be adhesively fixed to the installation surface, an upright piece standing up from one end of the fixing piece, and a support piece extending from an upper end of the upright piece in a direction opposite to the fixing piece and supporting the solar cell panel, The main metal fitting is formed in a rectangular shape having a constant width that is long in a direction extending from the fixed piece to the support piece in a plan view, An auxiliary fitting is provided which is fixed to the upright piece, the auxiliary metal fitting is formed of a plate material thinner than the main metal fitting, and has a standing piece fixed to the standing piece, and a grounding piece extending horizontally from a lower end of the standing piece and adhesively fixed to the installation surface, The angle between the standing piece and the ground piece is variable. Solar panel installation structure.

2. The grounding piece of the auxiliary metal fitting is rectangular in plan view with the standing piece provided at the middle in the longitudinal direction. The solar cell panel installation structure according to claim 1 .

3. The auxiliary metal fitting is formed by bending a metal plate. The solar cell panel installation structure according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The fixing piece of the main body metal fitting has a length that allows a curbstone to be placed thereon as the weight, The end portion opposite the upright piece has a rising portion that rises upward. The solar cell panel installation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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