Small motor-driven insulated electrostatic particle accelerator

Abstract

SOLUTION: According to some embodiments, an electrostatic particle accelerator may include an assembly including a motor and a support plate; an acceleration tube; one or more stage assemblies each having an alternator coupled to a common drive shaft, a power supply coupled to one of the plurality of electrodes, and an opening to receive a portion of the acceleration tube; a pressure vessel configured to enclose the acceleration tube when the pressure vessel is fastened to the support plate; and a circulator configured to pump high pressure gas into the pressure vessel. The acceleration tube can include an ion source, an extraction assembly, and a plurality of tube segments each having the plurality of electrodes and one or more power connectors attached to one of the plurality of electrodes.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

[Background technology]

[0001] Electrostatic particle accelerators have a variety of applications, including particle therapy for cancer treatment. In other environments, ion beams with relatively high energy, high current, and good stability are used. It may be desirable to make the accelerator small while still producing a gas beam. In gases and solids, electrical breakdown may occur. Particle acceleration in a pressure vessel filled with a pumped insulating gas such as sulfur fluoride (SF6) The device can be operated. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0002] According to one aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for producing a motor comprising: The acceleration tube is an electrostatic particle accelerator that includes an ion source, an extraction assembly and multiple The tube segment may include a plurality of tube segments, each of the plurality of tube segments having a plurality of The particle accelerator includes a number of electrodes, and one or more power connectors attached to one of the electrodes. Each of the electrodes is connected to one of the alternators connected to a common drive shaft. one or more stage assemblies including an opening for receiving a portion of the power supply and acceleration tube; a pressure vessel configured to enclose the acceleration tube when the pressure vessel is fixed to the plate; and a circulator configured to pump the air into the pressure vessel. They may be external to the pressure vessel and magnetically coupled to a common drive shaft.

[0003] In one embodiment, at least one of the tube segments has at least N electrodes and N In some embodiments, the number of tube segments may be less than one. At least one of the electrodes may include at least 10 electrodes and no more than two stage assemblies. In one embodiment, at least one of the stage assemblies is integrated with a wound carbon fiber brush ground. The present invention can include an axial flux alternator including a flex coupling. In an embodiment, the acceleration tubes are coupled to an extraction assembly powered by a common drive shaft. In some embodiments, the circulators are driven by a common drive shaft. In one embodiment, the circulator is powered by sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) In one embodiment, at least one of the stage assemblies may include a circulator. The stage assembly can be slid into the stage assembly and electrically connected to the stage assembly without the use of wires. In one embodiment, at least one of the stage assemblies may have a power source that can be connected to the The device is provided with an alternator and a power source that can be electrically connected together without the use of cables. In some embodiments, adjacent stage assemblies of the plurality of stage assemblies may be and may be separated by an insulator.

[0004] According to one aspect, the present disclosure provides an ion source, an extraction assembly, and a method for detecting an ion source comprising the steps of: a plurality of tube segments including one or more power connectors attached to one of the poles; The present invention relates to a high current ion acceleration tube comprising: The tube segments can be secured together using band clamps. At least one of the electrodes includes an aperture plate and a plurality of permanent magnets. and a magnet cover configured to surround the magnet assembly within the aperture plate. This can be done. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0005] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view of an acceleration tube according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 1A] FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the acceleration tube of FIG. 1 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Diagram 2] 1 is a perspective view of a tube segment that may form part of an acceleration tube segment according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. [Figure 2A] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a water line assembly that may form part of the tube segment of FIG. 2 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 2B] 3 is an exploded view of a resistor assembly that may form part of the tube segment of FIG. 2 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 2C] 3 is an exploded view of a power connector (or "tap") that may form part of the tube segment of FIG. 2 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Diagram 3] 1 is an exploded view of an electrode that may form part of an acceleration tube according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3A] FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the convex (or "back") side of an electrode plate that may form part of the electrode of FIG. 3 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4A] FIG. 13 is a front view of an electrode having an "up" configuration according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4B] FIG. 13 is a front view of an electrode having a "down" configuration, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4C] FIG. 13 is a front view of an electrode having a "left" configuration, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4D] FIG. 13 is a front view of an electrode having a "right" configuration, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Diagram 5] 1A-1D are front views of acceleration tube segments having various electrode configurations, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a compact, insulated electrostatic particle accelerator according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a stage assembly that may form part of the particle accelerator of FIG. 6 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7A] FIG. 8 is a side view of the stage assembly of FIG. 7 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7B] FIG. 8 is a front view of the stage assembly of FIG. 7 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a side view of an electronics assembly that may form part of the stage assembly of FIG. 7 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 8A] 9 is a perspective view of the stage electronics assembly of FIG. 8 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is an end view of a motor and support assembly that may form part of a particle accelerator according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9A] 10 is a cross-sectional view of the motor and support assembly of FIG. 9 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9B] FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the motor and support assembly of FIG. 9 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10A] 1 is a perspective view illustrating a first (or "low pressure") side of a slam valve that may form part of a particle accelerator according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10B] FIG. 10B is a perspective view showing the second (or "high pressure") side of the slam valve of FIG. 10A according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0006] Various objects, features, and advantages of the disclosed subject matter are set forth in the following detailed description, wherein like reference numerals identify like elements. Reference is made to the following detailed description of the disclosed subject matter when considered in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: can be more fully understood by

[0007] Drawings are not necessarily to scale or include all elements of the system. , instead illustrating the concepts, structures, and techniques sought to be protected herein. There is generally an emphasis on.

[0008] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a relatively high energy laser beam while maintaining good stability at high beam currents. The present invention relates to an electrically insulated electrostatic particle accelerator driven by an electric motor, which can be operated with a gyroscope. The system can have a streamlined design, making it easy to install and operate in hospitals and other clinical environments. The accelerator has a modular design for ease of manufacture, assembly, and maintenance. The accelerator tube has a relatively large opening to suppress secondary electrons. The motor drive shaft may include a plurality of electrodes having various configurations of permanent magnets. The power may be supplied at intervals by an axially compact alternator connected to the Gas at a relatively low pressure may be supplied to the ion source through a mass flow controller. At the ground end of the tube, gas is pumped out to prevent physical destruction of the tube structure. The acceleration tube may be filled with a pumped insulating gas such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). The motor may be located and operated inside a filled pressure vessel or chamber. The particle accelerator may be external to the device and may be magnetically coupled to the drive shaft. Various safety mechanisms may be included, such as a safety release system. The electron accelerator produces ion beams with energies in the range of 1-5 MeV while the compact In some embodiments, many or all parts of the accelerator may have a The products can be maintained without (or with minimal) disassembly of the accelerator.

[0009] 1 and 1A show a microparticle accelerator for use in a compact particle accelerator according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 1 shows an acceleration tube 100 that can be used to accelerate a cellular energy source assembly (e.g., A microwave assembly 102, an extraction assembly 104, a plurality of tube segments 106, a ground assembly 108, a The fish tank may include a yellowtail 108, and a water flow path 110.

[0010] As seen in FIG. 1A, the energy source assembly 102 and the extraction assembly 104 are The source tube 112 may be connected to a source (e.g., 2. In some embodiments, the source tube 112 may include one or more rings. includes a plurality of stamped titanium rings.

[0011] The tube segment 106 is connected at one end to the extraction assembly 104 and at both ends to the The ends may be joined together with the grounding assembly 108 attached. and band clamp 116 to secure energy source assembly 102, source tube 112, The extraction assembly 104, the tube segment 106, and the grounding assembly 108 are coupled together to form a variety of The tube components can be easily manufactured, assembled, and maintained. An example of a segment is shown in FIG. 2 and will be described below in connection with that example.

[0012] The tube segments 106 can be removably fastened together, for example, using a band clamp. This modular design offers several advantages: Each segment 106 can be manufactured separately, while the overall size of the tube 100 can be It can be customized based on the number of segments. The modular design allows individual The tube segments (and other components) can be removed, replaced, and repaired separately. This also makes it easier to maintain the accelerator 100.

[0013] In the example of FIGS. 1 and 1A, the acceleration tube 100 has seven tube segments 106. Those skilled in the art can choose a better solution according to their particular power / size / cost requirements or other factors. It is possible to construct tubes with more or fewer tube segments. The length of the acceleration tube can be a function of the desired voltage gradient. In the configuration, the tube length is selected to achieve an average voltage gradient in the range of 0.8 to 2 MV / m. This is also fine.

[0014] The energy source assembly 102 includes, among other components, an ion source (e.g., , a microwave ion source) 118 and a relatively low pressure gas (e.g., and a gas inlet 130 for receiving a gas (e.g., hydrogen). The ion source 118 operates using gas at approximately 6 atmospheres. The pump is electrically A low vacuum pressure may be used to maintain the extraction assembly 104 to avoid collapse. The ion source body 118 "extracts" the ion beam from the ion source. The ion source body 118 is made up of primarily monovalent hydrogen atoms. A high density plasma consisting of electrons and electrons can be generated. The negative electric field gradient between the electrons draws out the positive ions (H+) to produce the beam.

[0015] The ground assembly 108 (in addition to the permanent magnet system throughout the tube) provides secondary ion The grounding assembly 108 can also provide static suppression to the pressure vessel wall (vessel 6 in FIG. 6). 04) and may terminate the acceleration field.

[0016] The water flow path 110 is formed by supply and return lines that run generally parallel along the length of the tube 100. A water flow path 110 may be used to conduct ion exchange along the length of the acceleration tube 100. Water can be circulated. The water flow path 110 can serve two purposes. First, The circulating water is used to circulate the ion source, such as the solenoid magnet, magnetron, source body, extraction assembly, etc. Secondly, water can cool the element (because water acts as a high ohmic resistor). The electrodes can be electrically graded to provide a voltage gradient across the length of the tube. The water lines can be connected to one or more connectors (e.g., connectors 110a, 110b, and 110c), one or more above couplings (e.g., couplings 110d, 110e, 110f, and 110g), one or more Rings (e.g., O-rings 110h, 110i, 110j, and 110k), and tube segments 106 and a water line assembly 120 attached to the source tube 112. An example of a water line assembly is shown in Figure 2A and will be described below in connection with that example.

[0017] FIG. 2 illustrates an acceleration tube segment 200 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The tube segment 200 may be the same as or similar to the tube segment 106 of FIGS. 1 and 1A. , a plurality of electrodes 202a, 202b, etc. (collectively 202), a water line assembly 204, one or more 206a, 206b, etc. (collectively 206), and a resistor assembly 208. In the example of FIG. 2, the tube segment 200 can include 17 electrodes 202a to 202a. Manufacturers may choose to have more electrodes depending on their specific power / size / cost requirements or other factors. More or fewer acceleration tube segments can be constructed.

[0018] Each of the electrodes 200 may have a circular or disk shape with a central opening. can be aligned along a central axis defined in the drawing by line 210. The diameter can be chosen to allow the transport of high current beams with high charge density. The larger aperture allows a larger beam diameter to be transported through the tube, Larger beam diameter for a given current reduces space charge effects that prevent beam "blow-up" In addition, the large aperture allows for high conductance vacuum pumping into the ion source region. Examples of specific aperture dimensions are described below in the context of FIG.

[0019] The electrodes 202 are bonded together using an adhesive such as a two-part epoxy or other adhesive. To prevent the adhesive from being destroyed during operation of the particle accelerator, the adhesive is The thickness of the adhesive bond line can be determined by the thickness of the resulting adhesive bond. The electrode 202 may be selected to have a similar coefficient of expansion compared to the coefficient of expansion of the pole 202. The thickness of the drain can also be selected to withstand the high temperatures within the tube during operation (see Figure 1). (If the adhesive is too thick, it may lose strength at high temperatures.) In some embodiments, the glass Sprays and / or fumed silica can be mixed with the adhesive to more precisely control bond line thickness. can be achieved.

[0020] A power connector (or "tap") 206 is attached to one or more electrodes 202 and provides power. The electrodes 202 may be configured to couple to a power supply (not shown). The tube segment 202 has two power connectors, i.e., A first connector 206a attached to the electrode 202a located at (or near) one end of the Attached to an electrode 202i located at (or near) the middle of the tube segment 200 The taps 206 may have a second connector 206b connected to the tube. The water lines (e.g., water line 110 in FIG. 1) are connected to a power supply voltage corresponding to the tap. Those skilled in the art can use the specific power / size / cost requirements or other considerations. Depending on the reason, an acceleration tube segment having a larger or smaller number of power connectors may be used. It is possible to build a case.

[0021] Referring to FIG. 2A, the water line assembly 204 includes a first (or “supply”) water line 234 and a second (or “supply”) water line 235. and a plurality of segments 230 through which a second (or "return") water line 236 may extend. Each of the water line segments 230 has water flowing through water lines 234, 236. The water may be configured to contact a corresponding electrode 202 to extract heat when The in-assembly 204 may be clamped to the tube segments in some embodiments. good.

[0022] Referring to FIG. 2B, resistor assembly 208 includes a plurality of resistor elements 240a, 240b, 240c, etc. (collectively 240), each resistor being connected to a corresponding one of the electrodes 202a, 202b, 202c, etc. As shown most clearly in resistor elements 240a and 240b, resistor element 240 is , may be attached to the corresponding electrode 202 using a clamp 242 and a screw 244. Resistor elements 240 and clamps 242 are disposed along the sides and edges of the electrode 202. The resistor elements 240 can be screwed together to secure the resistor elements 240 to the electrodes 202. The first (or "left-handed") configuration shown by element 240a and the second (or "left-handed") configuration shown by element 240b are The left / right configuration may be arranged in a second (or "right-handed") configuration as shown by child 240b. As illustrated in FIG. 2B, the tube segments may be alternated across the electrodes. A resistor may form part of the spark gap system to limit overvoltages. If the voltage across the insulator is too high, a spark gap will ignite and track the insulator. The resistor gap can be precisely selected to protect against chip damage. , can limit surge current during breakdown. The vessel may comprise ceramic and the spark gap may be formed from stainless steel. The housing may be formed from aluminum.

[0023] FIG. 2C illustrates a power connector (or “tap”) 206 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. This shows how the acceleration tube electrodes 202 can be attached. Electrode 202a with force connector 206a positioned at (or near) one end of the tube segment 2 and a second connector 206b may be located at (or near) the middle of the tubing segment. As shown by the first connector 206a, the clamp may be attached to the positioned electrode 202i. A lamp 250 and a screw 252 may be used to attach the power connector 206 to the electrode 202 . The connector 206 and clamp 250 are disposed along the opposite sides and edges of the electrode 202. The connector 206 can be screwed together to secure the connector 206 to the electrode 202. In one embodiment, the power connector 206 may be machined from titanium.

[0024] FIG. 3 illustrates an acceleration tube (e.g., acceleration tube 1 of FIG. 1) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 3 shows an electrode 300 that may form part of a magnetron array (e.g., a magnetron array 300). The exemplary electrode 300 includes an aperture plate 302, a magnet The magnet assembly 304 and the magnet cover 306 may include:

[0025] Electrode plate 302 has a concave (or "front") side 302a and a convex (or "back") side 302b. Plate 302 may have a recess 302a extending perpendicularly from the recessed side 302a of plate 302 to receive a screw. The threaded posts 308 may be configured to include multiple threaded posts 308 (e.g., four posts 408). In one embodiment, the electrode plate 302 has an outer diameter D of about 410 mm. 1 and an opening diameter D of approximately 170 mm 2 Possess Those skilled in the art will appreciate that these dimensions may be larger or smaller depending on the requirements. For example, the aperture diameter D 2 is in the range of 25mm to 200mm or more It's fine.

[0026] The magnet assembly 304 includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged along the inside of a circular support structure 305. For example, the magnet assembly 304 may include a first magnet row 3 disposed along the top side of the support structure 305. 10a and a second array of magnets 310b disposed along the underside of the support structure 305. In some embodiments, the first magnet array 310a and / or the second magnet array 310b include six magnets. It can include.

[0027] In some embodiments, each magnet in the magnet assembly 304 has dimensions of approximately 8x8x32 mm. In some embodiments, the two adjacent The spacing between adjacent magnets (e.g., between two adjacent magnets in the upper row 310a or the lower row 310b) is about 5 mm. In some embodiments, the magnets are samarium cobalt or neodymium iron boron. The magnets may be bonded to the magnet assembly 304 using, for example, a thermal process. It is possible.

[0028] The magnet assembly 304 can be sized to fit inside the recessed portion of the plate 302; 308. The plate posts 308 may be formed in a number of different shapes and each configured to receive a corresponding one of the plate posts 308. In some embodiments, the magnet assembly 304 may include an outer diameter of about 244 mm. Diameter D 3 and an inner diameter D of approximately 224 mm 4In some embodiments, the magnetic cover may include a -306 has an outer diameter D of about 260 mm 5 and an inner diameter D of approximately 186 mm 6 may have the following structure:

[0029] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the configuration of the magnet assembly (e.g., magnet The magnet size, magnet spacing, magnet material, and magnet assembly size can be selected. The required magnetic field strength depends on the tube gradient and opening size, among other factors. It is possible.

[0030] The magnet cover 306 is adapted to fit over the magnet assembly 304 and inside the recessed portion of the plate 302. The magnet cover 306 can be sized and shaped to fit into a corresponding one of the magnet assembly holes 314. 308 and threaded into a corresponding one of the posts 308 to form a magnet assembly 314 and a number of screws 312 configured to securely fasten the cover 306 in place. In some embodiments, the electrode plate 302 and the magnet cover 306 are made of titanium. and may be formed using a stamping process.

[0031] The number of magnets, magnet size, magnet location, and magnet orientation in a given electrode 300 may vary depending on the electrode 300. When the magnet forms part of the acceleration tube, it is selected to act as a deflection yoke. In some embodiments, the magnet provides a uniform field across the open surface of the electrode. (Increasing field uniformity is achieved by (This can help prevent plasma discharges.) In some embodiments, the acceleration tube The hub is configured in five configurations, referred to herein as "sky," "up," "down," "left," and "right" configurations. The electrodes may have different configurations. The same or a similar plate 302 and magnet cover 306 can be used, but the magnet assembly 304 may be For electrodes having an "empty" configuration, the magnet assembly 304 can be omitted. For electrodes with "up", "down", "left", or "right" configurations, the magnet assembly The magnets may include a body 304 having magnet placement and orientation as shown in FIGS. 4A-4D. Both can be varied, as described below. can be used to provide a 90 degree deflection or "kick" over the length of the tube. By changing the electrode configuration, the permanent magnet can suppress secondary electrons, and the beam Helps reduce must strikes and plasma discharges.

[0032] FIG. 3A illustrates a convex (or “back”) side 302 of a plate 302 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the electrode plate 302 has a thickness D in the range of 0.5 mm to 5 mm. 7 Possess This can be done.

[0033] 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D are diagrams showing, respectively, "top" and "bottom" views according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Electrodes are shown having "bottom," "left," and "right" configurations. Each of the electrodes has a circular or ring configuration. The aperture plate 402 may include a magnet assembly 404 having a plurality of magnets disposed around the periphery of the structure. The magnets are arranged in a magnet assembly to form a dipole and provide a uniform field across the electrode opening. 4A-4D, the 3D objects may be arranged symmetrically around the circumference of the solid 404. The electrodes can be configured for use with an ion beam that travels off the page. Also, the electrode magnet covers may be omitted for clarity in FIGS. 4A-4D.

[0034] Referring to FIG. 4A, an electrode 400 having an “upper” configuration is located along the upper side of a magnet assembly 404. A first magnet row 406a is positioned along the underside of the magnet assembly 404, and a second magnet row 406b is positioned along the underside of the magnet assembly 404. Each of the magnets in the first row 406a and the second row 406b may include In some embodiments, the first row 406a and and the second row 406b may have six magnets each.

[0035] Referring to FIG. 4B, an electrode 420 having a “bottom” configuration has a first column 426a and a second column 426b. 4A, except that each of the magnets can have a north pole facing down (relative to the page). It may be similar to the electrodes shown.

[0036] With reference to FIG. 4C, electrodes 440 having a “left” configuration are positioned along the left side of the magnet assembly 404. A first magnet row 446a is positioned along the right side of the magnet assembly 404, and a second magnet row 446b is positioned along the right side of the magnet assembly 404. Each of the magnets in the first row 420a and the second row 420b may include a magnet row 446b. In some embodiments, the first column 446a may have a north pole facing right (relative to the screen). and the second row 446b may have six magnets each.

[0037] Referring to FIG. 4D, an electrode 460 having a “right” configuration has a first column 466a and a second column 466b. The "left" configuration of FIG. 4C, except that each of the magnets may have a north pole facing left (with respect to the page). The composition may be similar to that of the

[0038] FIG. 5 illustrates a front view of an acceleration tube segment 500 having multiple electrodes 502a-502q (collectively 502). Electrodes 502 are connected to the tube segment 500 when the tube segment 500 is an acceleration tube (e.g., tube 10 of FIG. 1). 0), while helping to suppress unwanted electron flow in the opposite direction. The on-beam passes through the tube with little or no beam collisions. In addition, the electrodes 502 may have a variety of configurations. For example, a variety of electrode configurations may be used to In the illustrated example, the first electrode 502a is "empty". configuration (e.g., electrodes without magnets), and electrodes 502b-502e have an “up” configuration. and electrodes 502f-502i can have a "down" configuration and electrodes 502j-502m can have a "down" configuration. Electrodes 502n-502q may have a "left" configuration and electrodes 502n-502q may have a "right" configuration.

[0039] FIG. 6 illustrates a compact, insulated electrostatic particle accelerator 600 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 600 includes a motor and support assembly 602, a pressure vessel 604, an acceleration tube and a power supply assembly 605. The acceleration tube and power supply assembly may include a power supply assembly 606, and an end shell 608. The actuator 606 may be secured to the motor using nuts and bolts, or other suitable types of mechanical fasteners. The motor and support assembly 602 may be fastened to the support assembly 602 (and the attached The acceleration tube assembly 606 can be mounted, for example, using a rail system 610 as shown. The support assembly 602 and the source chamber 604 may be configured to slide into the source chamber 604. The chamber 604 may be secured to a nut and bolt (e.g., bolt 612) or other suitable mechanical fastener. The fastening may be mechanically performed using a tool.

[0040] The acceleration tube and power supply assembly 606 includes an acceleration tube (not visible in FIG. 6) and a plurality of A stage assembly 614 may be included in which the tubes may be positioned and supported. In some embodiments, the accelerator 600 includes two stage assemblies 61 for each tube segment. For example, the accelerator 600 may include seven tube segments and 14 stages. The tube segments may have an assembly 614 as shown in FIG. The acceleration channel may be the same as or similar to the tube segment 200 described above. The tube and power assembly 606 extends substantially along the length of the tube. The drive shaft may be coupled to a plurality of alternators that power the electrodes. The shaft may be coupled to an electric motor in assembly 602. The high voltage hexagonal coil is used to cool the acceleration tube 505, the drive shaft, and the alternator. In some embodiments, the motor may pump sulfur dioxide (SF6) into the pressure vessel. The drive shaft is magnetically coupled to the motor so that it can remain outside of the high pressure vessel 604. It is possible.

[0041] 7, 7A, and 7B show a stage assembly 700 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. An exemplary stage assembly 700, which may be the same as or similar to the stage assembly 614 shown in FIG. Frame assembly 702, electronics assembly or power supply 704, alternator and insulator assembly assembly 706, equipotential ring assembly 708, insulator assembly 710, and ground connector plug 7B), as well as a surge resistor assembly 714.

[0042] The electronics assembly 704 is attached to the frame assembly 702 as shown by arrow 713. The alternator and insulator assembly may be configured to slide in and out of the The assembly 706 is adapted to slide into (and out of) an opening 715 near the top of the stage assembly. The alternator and insulator assembly 706 can be configured as follows: The stage may include a male connector 707 configured to mate with a connector 709. The floor assembly AC generator and electronic equipment can be electrically connected without the use of cables. , and serviceability is improved.

[0043] The stage assembly is received around the outer diameter of an acceleration tube (e.g., tube 100 of FIG. 1) and The stage assembly 700 may include an opening 716 near the bottom thereof that is adapted to fit within the stage assembly 700. The acceleration tube is then lifted or hoisted into position and then the equipotential ring is It can be secured by assembly 708 .

[0044] The equipotential ring assembly 708 may be, for example, a clasp or other type of quick release mechanism. Multiple segments (four segments shown in this example) attached together using mechanical fasteners The equipotential ring assembly 708 may include an equipotential ring assembly 70 4. Around the alternator and insulator assembly 706 and the acceleration tube opening 716, Continuous or near-continuous enclosures can be created.

[0045] In some embodiments, the stage assembly 700 has a diameter D 8 It can have a cylindrical shape having As shown in Figure 7A, the thickness of the insulator D 10 are selected to isolate the potentials between adjacent stages. According to some embodiments, the insulator assembly 710 may be made of alumina. As shown in FIG. 7C, the stage assembly 700 may include an insulator and titanium end flanges. may include a number of holes 718a-718d through which tension rods (e.g., Plastic tension rods are passed through the ceramic parts to keep them in compression. can.

[0046] In some embodiments, the stage assembly 700 and the alternator 706 are Improved serviceability due to the design that allows the opening 715 to slide easily in and out of the opening In some embodiments, the AC generator 706 is integrated. These bearings can include "pancake" or axially compact geometries. In some embodiments, the alternator 706 may have a high pressure SF6 gas environment. In some embodiments, the alternator 706 may be designed to withstand , Axial flux crossing with wound carbon fiber brush ground and integrated flex coupling It may be a current generator.

[0047] The alternator 706 may be mounted on a common drive shaft that is connected to the motor. Good. Alternators, drive shafts, motors, and couplings published on October 15, 2013 The present invention is intended to be the same as or similar to the embodiments disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,558,486. and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0048] 8 and 8A show an electronics assembly or power supply 8 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 7 and 7B. The electronic device assembly 800 includes an enclosure 802, a heat sink structure 804, an inductor assembly 806, and a heat sink structure 804. assembly 806, high voltage transformer and fan assembly 808, stack assembly 810, A driver connector assembly 814, a ground rail (or "DIN" rail) assembly assembly 816, driver heat sink assembly 818, alternator sensing printed wiring board (PCB ) assembly 820, converter control board assembly 822, alternator sensing feedback cable cable assembly 824, alternator sensing fiber optic cable 826, converter control PCB power cable cable 828, converter control fiber cable 830, general-purpose input / output (I / O) cable 832, AC generator sensor sensing PCB temperature cable 834, alternator sensing PCB power cable 836, fan cable 838, thermal switch Includes a nap switch cable 840, a control cable 842, a choke 844, and a filter 846. The stack assembly 810 may be a Cockcroft-Walton The driver connector assembly 814 can include a power receiving The AC power supply may be connected to the alternator to provide a power supply for the alternator and may include one or more diagnostic pins.

[0049] The electronics assembly 800 may be connected to an acceleration tube stage assembly (e.g., FIG. 7). B) front panel 812 so that assembly 704 can slide easily in and out 848. Some of the drawers may have a "drawer" style design including a handle 848 attached to the drawer. In this embodiment, the front panel 812 includes a switch for controlling the electronics within the assembly 800. and one or more lights or other diagnostic indicators for the electronics assembly 800. It may also include.

[0050] 9, 9A, and 9B are in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure (FIG. 9A is a dashed line "A" in FIG. 9). 9 shows a cross section of the assembly 900 taken across the motor and support assembly 900. .

[0051] The exemplary assembly 900, which may be the same as or similar to the assembly 602 of FIG. A frame assembly 901, a source chamber end flange assembly 902, and a motor slide a heat exchanger support 906; A filter and dryer assembly 908, one or more flanges 910, and a motor cable support A support assembly 912 and a vacuum assembly (e.g., a roughing pump and / or a turbo pump) 9, a communication port 916 (FIG. 9), a slam valve 920, and a burst disk 922. , a quadrupole, steering coil and pumping box assembly 924, and a motor support Support frame assembly 928 and the motor, slide plate and magnetic coupling assemblies 930, a feedthrough shaft and inner magnetic coupling assembly 932, and a main drive A heat exchange impeller 934 attached to the rotor shaft, a blower impeller assembly 936, and an impeller A ram rad assembly 938, a power transfer coupling adapter assembly 940, and a coupling element and and cover 942, one or more O-rings 944, a relief valve 946, and a water feedthrough assembly 948. , a muff coupling assembly 950, a hot stick assembly 952, and a pressure vessel connection a ground plug 954, a fiber optic bulkhead assembly 956, and a fiber optic feedthrough assembly 958 , a tube piston 960 , and a ground suppression feed assembly 962 .

[0052] The magnetic coupling assembly 932 is a high pressure insulated pressure vessel in which the acceleration tube is located. The motor can be located outside the pressure vessel. High pressure gas is pumped into the pressure vessel through assembly 924. The high pressure gas escapes from the pressure vessel and enters the motor and support assembly. slam valve 920 and bar 930 to prevent the valve from returning into bridge 900 (which would create a safety hazard). An example of a slam valve is shown in Figures 10A and 10B. In this regard, the following will be described. The burst disk 922 is a device that can be used to apply vacuum pressure (e.g., A reverse buckling rupture disk may be included to maintain a constant pressure of 15 psi, but in other directions psi large diameter hole. Burst disk 922 prevents overpressure inside the vacuum system It is possible.

[0053] The SF6 circulation system includes impeller / blower assemblies 934, 936 (FIG. 9B) and piping 908. The device may include a variety of components such as:

[0054] 10A and 10B show a slam valve 1000 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The slam valve 1000 may be the same as or similar to the slam valve 920 of FIGS. 9A and 9B. The slam valve 1000 may have a first (or "low pressure") side 1002 as shown in FIG. The slam valve 1000 may include a second (or "high pressure") side 1004 and a door 1006. A safety mechanism that allows pressurized gas to flow in one direction while preventing it from flowing in the opposite direction. For example, when high pressure gas flows in the direction indicated by arrow 1008, door 1006 may It may be open (or remain open) to allow flow. However, if high pressure When flowing in the reverse direction, as indicated by indicia 1010, the door 1006 closes or slams shut, In some embodiments, the door 1006 is spring-loaded under normal conditions. In an insulated particle accelerator, the slam valve 100 may be used to This prevents high-pressure gas from escaping from the pipe.

[0055] The disclosed subject matter may be any of the subject matter disclosed in any of the applications set forth in the following description or shown in the drawings. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the details of construction and arrangement of components set forth herein. Other embodiments are possible and the disclosed subject matter can be practiced or carried out in various ways. Also, the phraseology and terminology used herein is for purposes of description. It should be understood that the present disclosure is not to be construed as limiting. The underlying concepts provide other structures, methods, and methods for carrying out some of the purposes of the disclosed subject matter. It will be appreciated that the present invention can be readily used as a basis for designing systems and methods. Accordingly, the claims may be read as though they were omitted without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosed subject matter. It is important to consider this to include equivalent configurations such as:

[0056] While the disclosed subject matter has been described and illustrated in the foregoing exemplary embodiments, the present disclosure By way of example only, many variations in the details of the implementation of the disclosed subject matter may be realized. It is understood that this can be done without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter.

Claims

1. an ion source; an extraction assembly; a plurality of tube segments, each of the tube segments including a plurality of electrodes and one or more power connectors attached to one of the electrodes; the electrodes are secured together using an adhesive; the plurality of tube segments are removably attached together; At least one of the electrodes comprises an aperture plate, a magnet assembly including a plurality of permanent magnets, and a magnet cover configured to enclose the magnet assembly within the aperture plate; the high current ion acceleration tube includes a first annular support structure and a second annular support structure; the plurality of permanent magnets includes a first row of magnets disposed along an upper side of the first annular support structure and a second row of magnets disposed along a lower side of the first annular support structure opposite the upper side, the plurality of permanent magnets further includes a first magnet row disposed along a left side of the second annular support structure and a second magnet row disposed along a right side opposite the left side of the second annular support structure. High current ion acceleration tube.

2. The high current ion acceleration tube of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of permanent magnets are positioned to provide a uniform magnetic field across the aperture of the aperture plate.

3. The high current ion acceleration tube of claim 2 , wherein each of said plurality of permanent magnets comprises a parallelepiped shape.

4. The high current ion acceleration tube of claim 1 , wherein the north pole orientations of each of the plurality of permanent magnets are configured to induce a net magnetic field in the same direction.

5. The high current ion acceleration tube of claim 1 , wherein the ion source is configured to accept high conductance vacuum pumping.

6. 2. The high current ion accelerating tube of claim 1, wherein said aperture plate front surface is concave and said aperture plate rear surface is convex.

7. The high current ion accelerating tube of claim 1 , wherein the aperture plate includes a plurality of threaded posts extending from a front surface and configured to receive screws.

8. 10. The high current ion acceleration tube of claim 1 including an extraction assembly moved by a common drive shaft.

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