Water stop shutter device

Abstract

To optimize the positional relationship between an opening / closing body and a device that presses the opening / closing body in the closing direction.SOLUTION: A water cut-off shutter device includes: an opening / closing body 10 that performs a closing operation so as to partition a space and whose end in the closing direction abuts an opposing immovable surface G for complete closing; guide rails 20 that guide widthwise ends of the opening / closing body 10 in the closing direction; and a closing direction pressing device 40 that presses the opening / closing body 10 in the closing direction by abutting the opening / closing body 10 in the completely closed state from its opening direction side. The closing direction pressing device 40 has a movable pressing part 41 approaching the opening / closing body 10 from the opening direction side and a pressing spacer 42 detachably provided on the movable pressing part 41 so as to abut the opening / closing body 10 from the opening direction side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a water stop shutter device that closes a body opening to prevent water from flowing through. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventional inventions of this type include a waterproof door, as described in Patent Document 1, in which a recess is provided at the top end of a shutter curtain made up of a number of panels stacked vertically, and a contact portion lower than the top end surface is provided within this recess, and this contact portion is pressed by a pressing portion of a vertical pressing means to keep the bottom end of the shutter curtain watertight. According to this conventional technology, even if the vertical mounting position of the vertical compression means is fixed by the building structure on site, etc., it is possible to adjust the height position of the abutment part so that it is located within the vertical stroke of the pressing part. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2019-94774 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, according to the above-mentioned conventional technique, a complicated process is required to form a recess in the upper end portion of only the uppermost panel. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention has the following configuration. The device includes an opening / closing body that performs a closing operation so as to partition a space and that is fully closed by abutting a closing direction end against an opposing immovable surface, a guide rail that guides a width direction end of the opening / closing body in the closing direction, and a closing direction pressing device that abuts against the opening / closing body in the fully closed state from its opening direction side to press the opening / closing body in the closing direction, the closing direction pressing device including a movable pressing part that approaches the opening / closing body from the opening direction side and a movable pressing part that abuts against the opening / closing body from the opening direction side. Pressing surface of and a pressure spacer detachably provided on the The lower end surface of the pressing spacer is configured to come into contact with a pressed portion at the upper end of the opening / closing body and to be able to press the pressed portion downward. A water stop shutter device characterized by the above. Effect of the Invention

[0006] Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to optimize the positional relationship between the opening / closing body and the device that presses the opening / closing body in the closing direction with a simple structure that is highly productive. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] 1 is a front view of an example of a water stop shutter device according to the present invention, viewed from the outdoor side. [Diagram 2] FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the waterproof shutter device in the middle of closing movement. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line (III)-(III) in FIG. [Figure 4] 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the main parts of the waterproof shutter device in a fully closed state. FIG. [Diagram 5] 5A to 5C are longitudinal sectional views of essential parts showing the operation of the pressing device in sequence. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0008] This embodiment discloses the following features. The first feature is that it comprises an opening / closing body which performs a closing operation to separate a space and fully closes by abutting its closing direction end against an opposing immovable surface, a guide rail which guides the width direction end of the opening / closing body in the closing direction, and a closing direction pressing device which abuts against the opening / closing body in the fully closed state from its opening direction side to press the opening / closing body in the closing direction, the closing direction pressing device comprising a movable pressing part which approaches the opening / closing body from the opening direction side, and a pressing spacer which is removably provided on the movable pressing part so as to abut against the opening / closing body from the opening direction side (see Figures 1 to 5).

[0009] As a second feature, the closing direction pressing device is provided so that its position can be adjusted in the opening and closing direction (see Figs. 2 and 4).

[0010] As a third feature, a plurality of the pressing spacers are connected in the opening / closing direction.

[0011] As a fourth feature, the opening / closing body is configured to be in a fully closed state by stacking multiple panels that are sequentially extended in the closing direction, and among these multiple panels, the panel closest to the opening direction has a smaller dimension in the opening / closing direction than the other panels (see Figures 2 and 4).

[0012] As a fifth feature, the closing direction pressing device has a plurality of pressing units equipped to drive the movable pressing parts, spaced apart in the width direction of the opening / closing body, and the pressing spacer is provided in an elongated shape in the width direction of the opening / closing body so as to straddle the plurality of movable pressing parts (see FIG. 1).

[0013] <Specific embodiment> Next, specific embodiments having the above-mentioned features will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0014] In this specification, the term "thickness direction of the opening / closing body" refers to the thickness direction of the opening / closing body in a closed state, and the term "width direction of the opening / closing body" refers to a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body, but is not the thickness direction of the opening / closing body. Additionally, the "opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body" refers to the direction in which the opening / closing body slides to partition or open a space.

[0015] In addition, the term "outer side in the width direction of the opening / closing body" refers to the direction toward the outside of the opening / closing body along the width direction of the opening / closing body. For example, when the guide rail on the right side is used as a reference, the outer side in the width direction of the opening / closing body is the right side. In addition, the term "inner side in the width direction of the opening / closing body" refers to the direction toward the inside of the opening / closing body along the width direction of the opening / closing body. For example, when the guide rail on the right side is used as a reference, the inner side in the width direction of the opening / closing body is the left side.

[0016] Additionally, the term "outside in the thickness direction of the opening / closing body" refers to the side in the direction away from the center of the thickness of the opening / closing body along the thickness direction of the opening / closing body. Additionally, the term "inner side in the thickness direction of the opening / closing body" refers to the side toward the center of the thickness of the opening / closing body along the thickness direction of the opening / closing body.

[0017] This water stop shutter device 1 comprises an opening / closing body 10 which operates to close by dividing a space and whose closing end abuts against an opposing immovable surface G to fully close, left and right guide rails 20, 20 which surround both widthwise ends of the opening / closing body 10 and guide it in the closing direction, an opening / closing body storage section 30 which stores and extends the opening / closing body 10 on the upper side, and a closing direction pressing device 40 which abuts against the pressed portion 10a at the upper end of the opening / closing body 10 in the fully closed state from the opening direction side to press the opening / closing body 10 in the closing direction. This waterproof shutter device 1 is installed so as to open and close an opening in a structural body of a building or the like using an opening / closing body 10.

[0018] The opening-closing body 10 is configured to be in a fully closed state by stacking a plurality of panels 11, 12 that are sequentially paid out in the closing direction by the opening-closing body storage section 30 (see FIG. 2). The uppermost end of the opening-closing body 10 in the fully closed state functions as a pressed part 10a that is pressed by the opening-closing body storage section 30 (see FIG. 5).

[0019] The opening / closing body 10 includes a plurality of panels 11, 12 and a panel connecting chain 14 connected to these panels 11, 12 (see Figs. 2 to 4). Of the multiple panels 11, 12, the panel 12 closest to the opening direction has a smaller dimension in the opening / closing direction than the other panels 11.

[0020] The panel 11 is a member having a rectangular plate shape when viewed from the front, which is long in the width direction of the opening / closing body. The panel 11 is formed by pultrusion or extrusion molding a metal material into a frame-like shape in vertical cross section having a cavity partitioned into upper and lower parts, as shown in FIG. The lower end of the panel 11 protrudes in a generally V-shaped vertical cross section over the entire length in the width direction of the opening / closing body, and a seal portion 16 is integrally provided on the protruding outer surface.

[0021] The seal portion 16 is made of an elastic material such as rubber or elastomer resin, has a V-shaped cross section along the lower end of the panel 11, and is joined to the lower end of the panel 11 over its entire length in the width direction of the opening / closing body.

[0022] Further, at the upper end of the panel 11, a recess 11a having a generally V-groove shape in vertical cross section is formed over the entire length in the width direction of the opening / closing body so as to fit into the seal portion 16. Support shaft portions 13 are provided on the upper side of the panel 11 so as to protrude from both ends in the width direction of the opening / closing body.

[0023] The uppermost panel 12 has a rectangular shape when viewed from the front that is elongated and continuous in the width direction of the opening / closing body, and is smaller in height than the panel 11. The panel 12, similar to the panel 11, is formed by pultrusion or extrusion molding a metal material into a frame-like vertical cross section having a cavity therein that is continuous in the width direction of the opening / closing body. Similar to the panel 11, a seal portion 16 and a support shaft portion 13 are provided on the lower and upper end sides of this panel 12. Also, a recess 12a is provided on the upper end of the panel 12, which is continuous across the width of the opening / closing body.

[0024] It is possible to omit the panel 12 if the opening / closing body 10 having the desired height can be constructed using only the multiple panels 11. In this case, the panel 11 is located at the top, and the upper end of this panel 11 functions as the pressed portion 10a.

[0025] The support shaft portions 13 protrude outward in the width direction of the opening / closing body from both ends of each of the panels 11, 12 in the width direction (left and right direction in FIG. 1). The support shaft portion 13 rotatably supports a roller on the tip side of a shaft-shaped member inserted through a panel connecting chain 14 .

[0026] The panel connecting chain 14 is a so-called roller chain used for power transmission, etc., and has the support shaft portions 13 inserted therethrough at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction thereof so as to be freely rotatable. This panel connecting chain 14 connects all of the panels 11, 12 in the vertical direction via the support shaft portion 13, and its upper end side is hung on a sprocket 31 of the opening / closing body storage portion 30.

[0027] Further, a guide shaft portion 15 is provided on the lower end side of each panel 11, closer to the indoor side (see Figs. 2 to 4). The guide shaft portion 15 is configured by supporting a roller rotatably on the tip side of a shaft-shaped member protruding from the end portion in the width direction of each panel 11 . When each panel 11 is stored in the opening / closing body storage section 30, this guide shaft portion 15 engages with and is guided by a guide member 34 (see FIG. 2) of the opening / closing body storage section 30, thereby suppressing vibration in the opening / closing body thickness direction. It should be noted that the guide shaft portion 15 may be omitted.

[0028] The guide rail 20 is formed in a concave or U-shaped cross section so as to surround the widthwise end of the opening / closing body 10 in the closed state (see FIG. 3). The guide rail 20 is formed in an elongated shape extending from the stationary surface G to the opening / closing body storage section 30. Provided within the guide rail 20 are a thickness-wise pressing device 50 that presses the opening / closing body 10 in the closed state from the outdoor side to the indoor side, and a receiving member 51 that receives the opening / closing body 10 pressed by the thickness-wise pressing device 50 from the indoor side.

[0029] The thickness direction pressing device 50 is a device that presses the opening / closing body 10 in the fully closed state toward the indoor side in the vertical direction. This thickness direction pressing device 50 is configured, for example, with a contact member that contacts the outdoor side of the opening / closing body 10, a link mechanism that moves the contact member in parallel toward the indoor side, and a driving source such as a motor.

[0030] The receiving member 51 is an elongated member that is in contact with the opening / closing body 10 in the closed state over the entire length in the vertical direction. The receiving member 51 is made of an elastic material such as rubber or elastomer resin, and is in elastic contact with the indoor side of the opening / closing body 10 to prevent water from the outdoors from passing through the guide rail 20 and entering the indoor side.

[0031] The opening / closing body storage section 30 is fixed to a wall surface of a structure or the like which is the object on which the water stop shutter device 1 is to be installed. As shown in FIG. 2, the opening / closing body storage section 30 comprises a sprocket 31 around which the panel connecting chain 14 is wound, a drive mechanism 32 (comprised of, for example, a rotary motor, a chain, a sprocket, etc.) that electrically rotates the sprocket 31 in both directions, a storage rail 33 that suspends the panels 11, 12 via the support shaft section 13 and guides them in the front-to-rear direction, and a guide member 34 that guides the guide shaft section 15 on the lower end side of the panel 11 in the horizontal direction. In this opening / closing body storage section 30, the drive mechanism 32 rotates the sprocket 31 in one direction, thereby sequentially feeding out the multiple panels 11, 12 in a stored state to the outdoor side and performing a closing operation downward. In addition, the opening / closing body storage section 30 rotates the sprocket 31 in the opposite direction by the drive mechanism 32, thereby performing an opening operation on the panels 11, 12 in a closed state, and storing the panels 11, 12 on the indoor side at the upper side. The opening / closing body storage section 30 may employ, for example, the structure described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-37849.

[0032] The closing direction pressing device 40 is configured by attaching a plurality of pressing units 40a at intervals in the opening / closing body width direction to immovable parts such as a case and a frame that constitute the opening / closing body storage section 30 (see FIG. 1).

[0033] Each pressing unit 40a comprises a movable pressing portion 41 which moves in a straight line to approach the pressed portion 10a at the upper end of the opening / closing body 10 from the opening direction, a link mechanism 43 which moves the movable pressing portion 41 along a predetermined trajectory, an extension mechanism 44 which serves as a driving source for moving the movable pressing portion 41, and a support member 45 which supports the link mechanism 43 and the extension mechanism 44 so that their positions can be adjusted in the opening / closing direction relative to an immobile portion. A long pressing spacer 42 is detachably attached to the movable pressing portions 41 of the pressing units 40a so as to straddle them in the width direction of the opening / closing body.

[0034] The movable pressing portion 41 is formed in a substantially block shape from a hard material such as metal, and has a flat pressing surface 41a facing substantially parallel (substantially horizontal in the illustrated example) to the pressed portion 10a which is the upper end surface of the opening / closing body 10. The movable pressing portion 41 is rotatably supported on the tip side of an extension rod 44 a of an extension mechanism 44 . The movable pressing portion 41 is supported by a link mechanism 43, which will be described later, so that the pressing surface 41a is maintained in a horizontal state and moves toward and away from the pressed portion 10a in an arc-shaped trajectory.

[0035] The pressing spacer 42 is made of a hard material such as metal and has a long rectangular column shape extending in the width direction of the opening / closing body, and is detachably attached to the pressing surfaces 41a of the movable pressing portions 41 of the multiple pressing units 40a. The pressing spacer 42 may be detachably attached to the pressing surface 41a by means of, for example, screws, fitting, engagement, or the like.

[0036] The number of connected pressure spacers 42 can be changed by connecting a plurality of pressure spacers 42 in the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body (vertical direction in the illustrated example) and releasing the connections. The pressing spacers 42 adjacent in the opening / closing direction may be detachably connected by means of screws, fitting, engagement, or the like.

[0037] The link mechanism 43 comprises a base 43a fixed to the support member 45, a first link member 43b pivoted to the base 43a and having its rotating end pivoted to the movable pressing portion 41, and a second link member 43c pivoted to the base 43a and the movable pressing portion 41 at positions different from the first link member 43b, and constitutes a parallel link mechanism (four-bar link mechanism) that raises and lowers the movable pressing portion 41 while maintaining the pressing surface 41a of the movable pressing portion 41 approximately horizontal.

[0038] The telescopic mechanism 44 comprises a main body 44b whose one end is pivoted so as to be freely rotatable relative to a support member 45 which is a fixed part, and an telescopic rod 44a which protrudes from the other end of the main body 44b and moves back and forth so as to telescope and expand. The telescopic rod 44a is advanced and retreated by a drive source and power transmission mechanism (e.g., an electric motor and a ball screw mechanism, etc.) not shown in the figure within the main body 44b.

[0039] The support member 45 is a long, rigid member that continues in the vertical direction, and is fixed to an immovable portion such as a wall surface of the structure on which the water stop shutter device 1 is to be installed. An elongated engagement portion 45a extending in the vertical direction is provided on the support member 45. A base end side of the main body portion 44b and a base portion 43a of the link mechanism 43 are connected to the engagement portion 45a so that the position can be adjusted in the vertical direction. More specifically, the engagement portion 45a in the illustrated example is a long hole extending in the vertical direction, and the main body portion 44b and the base portion 43a are loosely fastened by a bolt inserted into the long hole and a nut screwed onto the end side of the bolt.

[0040] The deflection suppression device 60 also includes a movable column 61 extending in a long vertical direction, and a guide mechanism 62 that suspends the movable column 61 and moves it in the width direction of the opening / closing body. The movable column 61 moves from the end side to the center side in the width direction of the opening / closing body, pressing it against the indoor side of the opening / closing body 10, thereby suppressing deflection of the opening / closing body 10.

[0041] Reference numeral 71 in FIG. 1 denotes an obstacle sensor that detects an obstacle by means of a plurality of optical axis sensors arranged vertically.

[0042] Next, the characteristic functions and effects of the waterproof shutter device 1 having the above configuration will be described in detail. To move the opening / closing body 10 to the water-stopping position, the drive mechanism 32 or the like is operated to move the multiple panels 11, 12 stored in the opening / closing body storage section 30 from the indoor side to the outdoor side, and then further downward along the guide rail 20. The panels 11 and 12 are stacked in order on the immovable surface G in a fully closed state. The panel 12 is located at the top of these panels.

[0043] Next, the opening / closing body 10 is pressed against the receiving member 51 by the thickness direction pressing device 50 (see FIG. 3). After this, the pressing spacer 42 is pressed against the pressed portion 10a at the upper end of the opening / closing body 10 by the closing direction pressing device 40. In more detail, when the telescopic mechanism 44 is driven to extend the telescopic rod 44a, the movable pressing portion 41 and the pressing spacer 42 move downward along an arc-shaped trajectory caused by the link mechanism 43 while maintaining an orientation with the pressing surface 41a facing downward (see Figures 5(a) to (c)).

[0044] In the middle of this trajectory, the lower end face of the pressing spacer 42 comes into contact with the portion of the upper end of the opening / closing body 10 closer to the outdoors (see FIG. 5(b)). Furthermore, the pressing spacer 42 moves toward the indoor side while pressing the upper end of the opening / closing body 10 downward, until it comes into contact with the entire upper end surface of the opening / closing body 10 (see FIG. 5(c)).

[0045] The above operation is performed so that the multiple closing direction pressing devices 40 are substantially synchronized, since the multiple extensible rods 44a arranged in the width direction of the opening / closing body are connected by the long pressing spacers 42.

[0046] Therefore, the bottom end of the opening / closing body 10 is elastically pressed against the immovable surface G via the seal portion 16, and the spaces between the panels 11, 11 (or 12) are also elastically pressed against each other via the seal portion 16. The lower end side and both left and right ends of the opening / closing body 10 and the spaces between the adjacent panels 11, 11 (or 12) are each kept watertight.

[0047] If, due to on-site conditions, etc., the upper end position of the opening / closing body 10 is too low, causing an interference with the pressing action of the closing direction pressing device 40 against the opening / closing body 10, a further pressing spacer 42 can be connected to the lower end of the pressing spacer 42 to narrow the gap between the lowest pressing spacer 42 and the upper end of the opening / closing body 10. Conversely, if the position of the pressed portion 10a at the upper end of the opening / closing body 10 is too high, the pressing spacer 42 at the lowermost end may be removed.

[0048] Therefore, the positional relationship between the opening / closing body 10 and the closing direction pressing device 40 can be optimized without special processing such as providing a recess in the uppermost panel.

[0049] Moreover, when it is necessary to further adjust the height position of the closing direction pressing device 40, the entire closing direction pressing device 40 may be moved vertically relative to the support member 45 and fixed at an appropriate position.

[0050] Furthermore, according to a preferred example of this embodiment, the vertical dimension of the opening / closing body 10 can be changed by changing the number of panels 12 in the vertical direction at the upper end side. Therefore, the vertical dimension of the opening / closing body 10 can be set precisely and appropriately according to the height dimension of the structural opening in which the water stop shutter device 1 is installed.

[0051] <Modification> According to the above embodiment, the pressing spacer 42 is formed in a long shape from a hard material, but as another example of this pressing spacer 42, a part or all of the opening / closing body closing direction side may be formed from an elastic material (e.g., rubber or elastomer resin). According to this alternative example, it is possible to reduce the impact when the pressing spacer 42 comes into contact with the upper end (pressed portion 10a) of the opening / closing body 10. As yet another example, an elastic member may be provided on the pressed portion 10a at the upper end of the opening / closing body 10, and the pressing spacer 42 may come into contact with this elastic member.

[0052] Furthermore, according to the above embodiment, as a particularly preferred example, the pressing spacer 42 is configured in a long shape spanning multiple pressing units 40a, but as another example, it is also possible to provide a pressing spacer 42 independently for each pressing unit 40a.

[0053] In addition, according to the above embodiment, the flat lower end surface of the pressing spacer 42 is adapted to abut against the opening / closing body 10, but as another example, the lower end surface of the pressing spacer 42 may be provided with a convex portion that fits into the concave portion 12a at the upper end of the opening / closing body 10. According to this alternative example, it is possible to prevent the upper end side of the opening / closing body 10 from being pushed toward the indoor side and deflected by water pressure during floods or the like.

[0054] Furthermore, according to the above embodiment, the pressed portion 10a pressed by the closing direction pressing device 40 is the upper end portion of the opening / closing body 10, but as other examples, it is also possible to provide the pressed portion 10a so as to protrude from the opening / closing body 10 in its thickness direction, or to provide the pressed portion 10a at a position stepped down from the upper end portion of the opening / closing body 10. That is, the pressed portion 10a pressed by the closing direction pressing device 40 may be the end portion of the opening / closing body 10 in the opening direction, or a portion of the opening / closing body 10 close to the end portion in the opening direction. The pressed portion 10a may be provided on the panel 11 itself constituting the opening / closing body 10, or may be provided on a separate member such as a receiving portion disposed on the panel 11.

[0055] Furthermore, according to the above embodiment, the position of the closing direction pressing device 40 is adjustable in the opening and closing direction. However, other examples include an embodiment in which the position of the closing direction pressing device 40 is adjustable in the width direction of the opening and closing body, an embodiment in which the position of the closing direction pressing device 40 is adjustable in a direction inclined relative to the vertical direction, and an embodiment in which these embodiments are combined to make the position of the closing direction pressing device 40 adjustable in a composite direction.

[0056] In addition, in the embodiment, the movable pressing portion 41 is adapted to approach and move away from the pressed portion 10a of the opening / closing body 10 by linear motion using the extension mechanism 44 and arc-shaped rotation using the link mechanism 43. However, as other examples, it is also possible to have the movable pressing portion 41 approach and move away from the pressed portion 10a only by linear motion, or to have the movable pressing portion 41 approach and move away from the pressed portion 10a only by arc-shaped rotation.

[0057] Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the gist of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0058] 1:Water stop shutter device 10: Opening and closing body 10a: Pressed part 11,12: Panel 20: Guide rail 30: Opening and closing body storage section 40: Closing direction pressing device 40a: Pressing unit 41: Movable pressing part 42: Press spacer G:Fudo surface

Claims

1. The opening / closing device includes an opening / closing body that performs a closing operation so as to partition a space and that is fully closed by abutting a closing direction end against an opposing immovable surface, a guide rail that guides a width direction end of the opening / closing body in the closing direction, and a closing direction pressing device that abuts against the opening / closing body in the fully closed state from its opening direction side to press the opening / closing body in the closing direction, the closing direction pressing device includes a movable pressing part that approaches the opening / closing body from the opening direction side, and a pressing spacer that is detachably provided on a pressing surface of the movable pressing part so as to abut against the opening / closing body from the opening direction side, A water stop shutter device characterized in that the lower end surface of the pressing spacer is configured to abut against the pressed portion at the upper end of the opening / closing body and to be able to press the pressed portion downward.

2. The water stop shutter device according to claim 1, wherein the closing direction pressing device is provided so as to be position adjustable in the opening and closing direction.

3. 3. The water stop shutter device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the pressure spacers are connected in the opening and closing direction.

4. A waterproof shutter device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the opening / closing body is configured to be fully closed by stacking a number of panels which are sequentially extended in the closing direction, and of these multiple panels, the panel closest to the opening direction has smaller dimensions in the opening / closing direction than the other panels.

5. The closing direction pressing device includes a pressing unit provided to drive the movable pressing portion, A plurality of opening / closing members are provided at intervals in the width direction of the opening / closing body, The water stop shutter device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pressing spacer is provided in an elongated shape in the width direction of the opening / closing body so as to straddle a plurality of the movable pressing portions.

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