Light-emitting device, display device, exposure system, and display / imaging device

Abstract

To provide a light-emitting device having improved light utilization efficiency.SOLUTION: A light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, includes a first chip and a second chip arranged on a main surface of a substrate. The first chip includes: a first light-emitting element; and a first lens overlapping a center of a first light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element in a plan view. The second chip includes: a second light-emitting element and a second lens overlapping a center of a second light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element in a plan view. In a plan view, a top point of the first lens is deviated toward a positive direction in a first direction from the center of the first light-emitting region. In a plan view, a top point of the second lens is deviated toward a negative direction in the first direction from the center of the second light-emitting region.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a light-emitting device, a display device, an exposure system, a display and imaging device, a photoelectric conversion device, an electronic device, a lighting device, and a mobile object. [Background technology]

[0002] An organic EL element is a light-emitting element having a pair of electrodes and an organic compound layer including a light-emitting layer disposed between them. Light-emitting devices using organic EL elements have excellent features such as surface emission characteristics and light weight. Taking advantage of these features, they have attracted attention as light-emitting devices used in display and imaging devices such as head-mounted displays and exposure devices in exposure systems for electrophotographic printers.

[0003] When a light-emitting device is used as a display device or exposure device, the light emitted from the light-emitting device is utilized through various optical systems. The optical systems utilize only a portion of the light emitted from the light-emitting device. Therefore, it is believed that the power consumption of the light-emitting device can be reduced by improving the light utilization efficiency in the optical systems.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a microlens is provided on an organic EL element for the purpose of increasing the light emission intensity in the front direction. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-248453 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The light emitting device described in Patent Document 1 may not have sufficient light utilization efficiency when combined with an optical system. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] One aspect of the present invention is a light-emitting device having a first chip and a second chip on a main surface of a substrate, the first chip including a first light-emitting element, In a cross section perpendicular to the substrate the first light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element midpoint and a first lens that overlaps with the first lens in a plan view. Only the set is used as the light-emitting part the second chip has a second light-emitting element; In a cross section perpendicular to the substrate the second light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element midpoint and the second lens that overlaps in plan view. Only the set is used as the light-emitting part In a plan view, the first lens is the point furthest from the substrate at The vertex is the first light-emitting region midpoint in the positive direction in the first direction away In plan view, the second lens is the point furthest from the substrate at The vertex is the second light-emitting region midpoint in the negative direction in the first direction away The light-emitting device is characterized by the fact that [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] A light emitting device with improved light utilization efficiency can be provided. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a configuration of a portion of an exposure system, and FIG. 1B is a schematic plan view. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a light beam from a light emitting device in a magnifying optical system. [Figure 3] FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a part of an exposure system using a light-emitting device, and FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram when viewed in plan. [Figure 4] 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the relationship between the arrangement of light-emitting regions and microlenses and light rays. FIG. [Figure 5] 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the relationship between the arrangement of light-emitting regions and microlenses and light rays. FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a modified example of the light-emitting device. [Figure 7]1A and 1B are schematic plan views showing examples of arrangements of light-emitting devices and microlenses. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an aspherical lens. [Figure 9] (a) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing an example of a portion of a display device using a light-emitting device, (b) is a schematic diagram for explaining the arrangement of light-emitting elements and microlenses, and (c) is a plan schematic diagram showing an example of a portion of a display device using a light-emitting device. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of an exposure system that does not have a color filter. [Figure 11] 10A and 10B are cross-sectional schematic diagrams for explaining an example in which an aspherical lens is used in a light emitting device. [Figure 12] 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams illustrating application examples of a light emitting device. [Figure 13] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a display and imaging device. [Figure 14] FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a display device. [Figure 15] 1A is a schematic diagram showing an example of a display photoelectric conversion device, and FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram showing an example of an electronic device. [Figure 16] FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram showing an example of a display device, and FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram showing an example of a foldable display device. [Figure 17] FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram showing an example of a lighting device, and FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram showing an example of an automobile having a vehicle lamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Figures 1(a) and (b) show an example of the configuration of an exposure system in which light emitted from a light-emitting device using organic EL elements as light-emitting elements is imaged onto a photosensitive member through an imaging lens array. Figure 1(b) is a schematic plan view, and Figure 1(a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A' in Figure 1(b).

[0011] As shown in Figure 1(b), in the case of a light-emitting device 2 in which chips each having a plurality of light-emitting elements 100 are arranged in a staggered pattern, the pixels each having a light-emitting element are not arranged directly below the imaging lens array 3. Furthermore, when multiple pixels are arranged in the sub-scanning direction as shown in Figures 1(a) and 1(b) in order to expose the same point on the photosensitive member multiple times, the angle of light from the outermost pixels toward the imaging lens array becomes larger. In such a case, it is believed that light utilization efficiency can be improved by increasing the light emission intensity in the direction from the pixel toward the imaging lens array.

[0012] Figure 2 shows an outline of the light rays when a light-emitting device having an organic EL element is used in a display device that uses a magnifying optical system. As shown in the figure, when a magnifying optical system 6 is used for a light-emitting device 2, light rays that are directed in a frontal direction relative to the display surface are used in the center of the functional area (display area). On the other hand, light that is directed in an oblique direction relative to the display surface is used in the outer periphery of the functional area. Therefore, it is thought that light utilization efficiency can be improved by increasing the light emission intensity in the oblique direction in the outer periphery of the functional display area.

[0013] The inventors came up with this idea and arrived at a solution in which a microlens is provided with its center offset from the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element in the direction in which light emission intensity is desired to be increased. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that, for parts not specifically shown or described in this specification, well-known or publicly known techniques in the relevant technical field are applied. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

[0014] In the following description and drawings, common reference numerals are used to designate common components across multiple drawings. Therefore, the common components will be described by mutually referring to multiple drawings, and descriptions of the components, materials, methods, effects, etc. that are designated by common reference numerals will be omitted as appropriate.

[0015] (Embodiment 1) An example of the configuration of the light emitting device of this embodiment will be described below. In this embodiment, an example of an exposure system will be described in which light emitted from the light emitting device is irradiated onto a photosensitive member through an imaging lens array to form an image.

[0016] The light emitting device of this embodiment includes a light emitting element disposed on a main surface of a substrate, and a microlens fixed to the substrate and receiving light from a light emitting region of the light emitting element. In a plan view from a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate, the center of the light emitting region and the center of the microlens are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the main surface.

[0017] A plurality of light-emitting regions and microlenses are arranged, and in a planar view from a direction perpendicular to the main surface, for example, the distance between the center of the second light-emitting region and the center of the second microlens may be smaller than the distance between the center of the first light-emitting region and the center of the first microlens in the parallel direction.

[0018] In addition, in the parallel direction, the distance from the center of the first microlens to the center of the second microlens may be different from the distance from the center of the first light-emitting region to the center of the second light-emitting region.

[0019] Furthermore, for example, the light emitting device of this embodiment includes first to third light emitting elements arranged on the main surface of the substrate, and first to third microlenses onto which light from the light emitting regions of the first to third light emitting elements is incident, respectively. Also, the first to third pixels having the first to third light emitting elements, respectively, emit light of the same color, and when viewed from the first to third pixels alone, the second light emitting element is arranged adjacent to and between the first light emitting element and the third light emitting element in a plan view perpendicular to the main surface.

[0020] In such a configuration, in a plan view from a direction perpendicular to the main surface, the difference between the distance between the vertex of the first microlens and the vertex of the second microlens and the distance between the vertex of the second microlens and the vertex of the third microlens is defined as the pitch difference D.

[0021] At this time, in the light emitting device of this embodiment, the distance between the center of the second light emitting region and the vertex of the second microlens is larger than the pitch difference D in plan view.

[0022] In a plan view perpendicular to the main surface, the distance between the center of the second light-emitting region and the vertex of the second microlens may be shorter than the distance between the center of the first light-emitting region and the vertex of the first microlens, where the distance refers to the distance (shortest distance) in a direction passing through the vertices of the first and second microlenses.

[0023] In addition, the pitch of the microlenses and the pitch of the light-emitting regions in the parallel direction may be different. For example, the distance from the apex of a first microlens to the apex of a second microlens may be different from the distance from the center of the first light-emitting region to the center of the second light-emitting region.

[0024] A more specific configuration example will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 3(a) is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a part of an exposure system using the light-emitting device of this embodiment, and Fig. 3(b) is a schematic diagram when viewed from a plan view. The plan view refers to the arrangement when the light-emitting device is viewed from a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate (the normal direction to the main surface). Here, the plan view from a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate is shown.

[0025] The light emitting device has a light emitting element 100, and the light emitting element 100 on a substrate 8 has a first electrode 11 arranged on the main surface of the substrate 8, an organic layer 12 including a light emitting layer, and a second electrode 13 arranged on the first electrode 11 with the organic layer 12 sandwiched between them. The light emitting device also has an insulating layer 16 that covers the end of the first electrode 11, has an opening on the first electrode 11, and functions as a bank, a protective layer 14 arranged on the second electrode 13, and a microlens 15. Light emitted from the light emitting element is incident on the microlens 15.

[0026] In this embodiment, the microlenses 15 are arranged offset in a direction B toward the imaging lens array 3 with respect to the light-emitting region 17 of the light-emitting element 100 in a planar view. This configuration increases the light emission intensity in the direction toward the imaging lens array 3 compared to when no microlenses are formed or when the microlenses and the light-emitting region are formed so as to overlap in a planar view, improving the utilization efficiency of the light emitted from the light-emitting layer. Details of this effect will be described later. The light-emitting region of the light-emitting element refers to the portion where the first electrode 11, the light-emitting layer, and the second electrode 13 are stacked in the opening of the insulating layer 16 in the planar view.

[0027] In each light-emitting element, the microlens and the light-emitting area are misaligned, meaning that the center of the microlens and the center of the light-emitting area do not overlap in a planar view, but are separated by a certain distance. The center of the microlens is the center of gravity of the shape (external shape) formed by the lines connecting the ends in a planar view. The end of the microlens is the position where the height in the Z direction is lowest in the cross-sectional view of the microlens. In Figure 3(a), the cross-section of the microlens 15 is spherical (spherical shapes also include partially missing spheres and hemispheres), and in this case, the center of the microlens 15 coincides with the vertex of the microlens 15.

[0028] In this embodiment, the microlenses 15 are arranged so as to be offset from the light-emitting region. That is, in a plan view of the surface of the substrate 8 on which the light-emitting elements 100 are arranged, the centers of the microlenses 15 and the light-emitting region are separated by a certain distance (they do not coincide). In addition, because the cross-sectional shape of the microlenses 15 is spherical in this case, the vertices of the microlenses 15 and the center of the light-emitting region are also separated by a certain distance.

[0029] In this embodiment, the pitch of the microlenses 15 (the distance between the centers of adjacent microlenses in a plan view relative to the surface of the substrate 8 on which the light emitting elements 100 are arranged) is constant. The pitch of the light emitting elements (the distance between the centers of the light emitting areas of adjacent light emitting elements 10 in the plan view) is also constant. Therefore, the microlenses 15 and the light emitting areas 10 are arranged with a constant distance (shift amount) offset.

[0030] Furthermore, the pitch of the light-emitting elements is substantially equal to the pitch of the microlenses 15. That is, in this embodiment, the distance between the center of the microlens and the center of the light-emitting region in plan view (microlens shift amount) is constant for each light-emitting element.

[0031] The pitch of the microlenses 15 can be 0.1 to 20 times the pitch of the light-emitting elements. Specifically, the pitch of the light-emitting elements can be, for example, 0.1 μm to 40 μm, and the pitch of the microlenses 15 can be 0.01 μm to 800 μm. In addition, in this embodiment, the distance from the second electrode 13 of the light-emitting element to the microlenses 15 can be 0.1 μm to 1 mm.

[0032] The substrate 8 may be made of any material that can support the first electrode 11, the organic layer 12, and the second electrode 13. For example, glass, plastic, silicon, etc. may be used. The substrate 8 may also be provided with switching elements such as transistors, wiring, an interlayer insulating film (not shown), etc.

[0033] The first electrode 11 may be transparent or opaque. If it is opaque, a metal material with a reflectance of 70% or more at the emission wavelength is desirable. Metals such as Al and Ag, alloys of these with Si, Cu, Ni, Nd, etc., or ITO, IZO, AZO, and IGZO can be used. Note that the emission wavelength here refers to the spectral range of light emitted from the organic layer 12. As long as the first electrode 11 has a reflectance higher than the desired value, it may be a laminated electrode with a barrier electrode such as a metal such as Ti, W, Mo, or Au or an alloy thereof, or a laminated electrode with a transparent oxide film electrode such as ITO or IZO.

[0034] On the other hand, when the first electrode 11 is a transparent electrode, a reflective layer may be further provided below the first electrode 11. For example, ITO, IZO, AZO, IGZO, etc. may be used as the transparent electrode. For the purpose of optimizing the optical path length, which will be described later, an insulating film may be further provided between the reflective layer and the transparent conductive film.

[0035] The second electrode 13 is disposed on the organic layer 12 and has light-transmitting properties. The second electrode 13 may be made of a semi-transparent material that transmits part of the light that reaches its surface and reflects the other part (i.e., semi-transparent and semi-reflective).

[0036] The second electrode 13 may be made of a transparent material such as a transparent conductive oxide. Alternatively, a semi-transparent material made of an elemental metal such as aluminum, silver, or gold, an alkali metal such as lithium or cesium, an alkaline earth metal such as magnesium, calcium, or barium, or an alloy containing these metal materials may be used. As the semi-transparent material, an alloy mainly composed of magnesium or silver is particularly preferable. The second electrode 13 may have a laminated structure of layers containing the above materials, as long as it has a desired transmittance. The second electrode 13 may be shared by multiple light-emitting elements 100.

[0037] Either the first electrode 11 or the second electrode 13 functions as an anode, and the other functions as a cathode. That is, the first electrode 11 may be the anode and the second electrode 13 may be the cathode, or vice versa.

[0038] The organic layer 12 is disposed on the first electrode 11 and can be formed by a known technique such as vapor deposition or spin coating.

[0039] The organic layer 12 may be composed of multiple layers. When the organic layer is an organic compound layer, the multiple layers may include any one or combination of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a light-emitting layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.

[0040] The light-emitting layer emits light when holes injected from the anode and electrons injected from the cathode recombine in the organic compound layer. The light-emitting layer may be a single layer or multiple layers. Any of the light-emitting layers may contain a red light-emitting material, a green light-emitting material, and a red light-emitting material, and white light can be obtained by mixing the emitted colors. Any of the light-emitting layers may also contain light-emitting materials of complementary colors, such as a blue light-emitting material and a yellow light-emitting material.

[0041] Alternatively, different colors may be emitted by changing the material or composition of the light-emitting layer for each light-emitting pixel. Alternatively, a light-emitting layer may be provided for each light-emitting element. In this case, the light-emitting layer may be patterned for each light-emitting element 100.

[0042] The light-emitting device according to this embodiment may include an element having a first reflective surface, a second reflective surface, and a light-emitting layer disposed between the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface. The light-emitting element described above may have this configuration. The first reflective surface may be the first electrode 11, or a reflective layer disposed between the first electrode 11 and the insulating layer.

[0043] In order to optimize the optical distance between the first reflecting surface and the light-emitting position of the organic layer 12 including the light-emitting layer, the optical path length from the upper surface of the first reflecting surface to the light-emitting position of the organic layer 12 is defined as Lr, and the phase shift in the reflecting layer is defined as Φr. Lr=(2m-(Φr / π))×(λ / 4)···(1) m is an integer equal to or greater than 0. The thicknesses of the first electrode 11 or the first reflecting surface and the organic layer 12 may be optimized so as to approximately satisfy the above formula (1).

[0044] Furthermore, the optical distance Ls from the light emitting position to the second reflecting surface approximately satisfies the following formula (2), where Φs is the phase shift that occurs when light of wavelength λ is reflected by the reflecting surface. In this embodiment, m′=0. Ls=(2m'-(Φs / π))×(λ / 4)=-(Φs / π)x(λ / 4)...(2)

[0045] Therefore, the total layer interference L approximately satisfies the following conditions: L=Lr+L=(2m-Φ / π)×(λ / 4)...(3)

[0046] Here, Φ is the sum of the phase shifts Φr+Φs when light of wavelength λ is reflected by the first electrode 11 or the reflective layer and the second electrode 13.

[0047] Here, "approximately satisfying" means that the tolerance range in formulas (1) to (3) is about λ / 8 or about 20 nm.

[0048] Since it may be difficult to identify the light-emitting position of the light-emitting layer, the interface on the first reflecting surface side or the interface on the second reflecting surface side of the functional layer is used as the light-emitting position in the above configuration. Taking the above-mentioned tolerance into consideration, even when using such a substitution, the effect of intensifying light can be achieved.

[0049] The protective layer 14 is an insulating layer, and preferably contains an inorganic material that is light-transmitting and has low permeability to oxygen and moisture from the outside. For example, the protective layer 14 may be made of silicon nitride (SiN), silicon oxynitride (SiON), silicon oxide (SiO x The protective layer 14 can be formed using inorganic materials such as silicon dioxide (SiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), and titanium oxide (TiO2). In particular, inorganic materials such as SiN, SiON, and Al2O3 are preferred in terms of protective performance. The protective layer 14 is preferably formed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), atomic layer deposition (ALD), or sputtering.

[0050] As long as the protective layer 14 has sufficient moisture-blocking properties, it may have a single-layer structure or a laminated structure that combines the above materials and forming methods. For example, it may be a laminate of a silicon nitride layer and a high-density layer formed by atomic deposition. Furthermore, the protective layer 14 may have an organic layer as long as it maintains moisture-blocking properties. Examples of organic layers include polyacrylate, polyimide, polyester, and epoxy.

[0051] Furthermore, the protective layer 14 may be disposed across a plurality of light emitting elements 100 .

[0052] The microlenses 15 can be formed by an exposure and development process. Specifically, a film (photoresist film) made of a material for forming the microlenses is formed, and the photoresist film is exposed and developed using a mask with a continuous gradation change. Such a mask can be a gray mask or an area gradation mask that changes the density distribution of dots made of a light-shielding film below the resolution of the exposure device, allowing light irradiation with a continuous gradation on the imaging plane.

[0053] Furthermore, the lens shape can be adjusted by etching back the microlenses formed by the exposure and development process. The shape of the microlenses may be spherical or may have an asymmetric cross section, as long as it can refract the emitted light.

[0054] The effects of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 4(a), when the microlens and the light-emitting region are arranged so as to overlap in a plan view, the light emitted from the light-emitting region is focused in the front direction by the microlens. Therefore, the light emission intensity in the front direction is improved compared to when no microlens is provided. On the other hand, when the microlens is arranged offset from the light-emitting region as shown in FIG. 4(b), the light is refracted when passing through the microlens, thereby improving the light emission intensity in a specific direction.

[0055] In an exposure system, as described above, when chips having light-emitting elements are arranged in a staggered pattern, pixels having light-emitting elements are not arranged directly below the imaging lens array. Furthermore, when multiple pixels are arranged in the sub-scanning direction, the angle of light directed toward the imaging lens array increases toward the outermost pixels. Therefore, by using a light-emitting device with improved light emission intensity in a specific direction, as in this embodiment, it is possible to increase the light emission intensity in the direction from the pixel toward the imaging lens array. This makes it possible to provide an exposure system with improved light utilization efficiency.

[0056] For example, a light-emitting device used in an exposure system has multiple sets of light-emitting regions and microlenses onto which light from the light-emitting regions is incident. In this case, in the multiple sets, the direction from the center of the light-emitting region to the center of the microlens in a direction parallel to the surface of the substrate 8 on which the light-emitting elements 100 are arranged is one direction, specifically, the direction toward the imaging lens array 3. This makes it possible to increase the emission intensity of light passing through the microlenses arranged in the functional region (light-emitting region) where the multiple sets are arranged, in the direction toward the imaging lens array. Therefore, light utilization efficiency is improved.

[0057] Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the light-emitting region and the microlenses, in which microlenses with height h, radius r, and refractive index n are arranged.

[0058] Light is emitted from the light-emitting area at an angle θ1 and is bent at an angle θ2 by point A on the microlens. The angle at which the normal to the tangent to the microlens surface at point A is inclined is defined as angle α. If α + θ1 is defined as β, then the following equation (1) holds true according to Snell's law. 1×sin(θ2+α)==n×sin(θ1+α)···(1)

[0059] When equation (1) is solved for θ1, θ1 becomes equation (2). θ1=sin -1 {sin(θ2+α) / n}―α (2)

[0060] As shown in Figure 5, when it is desired to emit light from the light-emitting region to the wide-angle side (when θ2 > θ1 is desired), the light that enters the region where α is positive, i.e., the region to the right of the apex of the microlens in Figure 5, will be mainly used.

[0061] In order to effectively utilize the microlens up to its edge, it is desirable that α<θ2 be satisfied over the entire area of the microlens, where θ2 is the desired angle of emergence at which the emergent intensity is to be increased.

[0062] Here, the amount of deviation between the vertex of the microlens and the center of the light-emitting area is defined as Xshift. To increase the emission intensity at a desired emission angle θ2, θ1 and β that satisfy the above formula (2) for α at each point on the microlens are calculated, and Xshift is set so that the light-emitting area X exists in the direction of one of the βs.

[0063] In reality, there is a protective layer between the microlens and the light-emitting area, and the above formula does not determine this. However, based on the above effect, it is believed that by displacing the microlens from the light-emitting area, the light emission intensity in a specific direction can be improved, and the light utilization efficiency of the optical system can be improved.

[0064] 3(a) shows an example in which the microlenses 15 are formed integrally (continuously) directly on the protective layer 14. A planarizing layer may be formed between the protective layer 14 and the microlenses 15 in order to flatten the irregularities of the protective layer 14. A color filter may be disposed between the microlenses 15 and the protective layer 14 or between the microlenses 15 and the planarizing layer. Furthermore, a color filter may be disposed on the microlenses 15.

[0065] 6(a) shows an example in which a color filter 18 is arranged in the light-emitting device shown in FIG. 3(a). Here, an example is shown in which a color filter is arranged between a microlens 15 and a protective layer 14. Also, here, an example is shown in which only pixels that emit light of the same color (e.g., green) are cut out from a light-emitting device in which pixels having red, green, and blue color filters are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0066] For pixels that emit light of the same color, the light emitting device of this embodiment satisfies the following relationship for three pixels that are arranged adjacent to each other in a planar view relative to the surface of substrate 8 on which light emitting elements 100 are arranged. In this planar view, the distance X between the center of the light emitting region and the vertex of the microlens is greater than the difference between the distance between the vertex of microlens 15a and vertex 15b of the second microlens and the distance between the vertex of microlens 15b and vertex 15c of the microlens. Here, because the pitch of microlenses 15 is constant in FIG. 6(a), the center of the light emitting region and the vertex of the microlens (the vertex in this case) are arranged to be offset from each other.

[0067] Therefore, the light emission intensity in a specific direction can be improved, and the light utilization efficiency in the optical system (the imaging lens array 3 and the third optical system 6) can be improved.

[0068] 6(b), the microlens 15 may be formed on a separate substrate and attached to the substrate 8 so as to face the light-emitting element 100. For example, the microlens 15 is fixed to the substrate 8 with an adhesive. In this case, the adhesive may be between the protective layer 14 and the microlens 15, or between the planarizing layer and the microlens 15. Alternatively, a space may be provided between the microlens 15 and the protective layer 14 (or the planarizing layer, or the color filter), and the microlens 15 may be fixed to the substrate 8 with an adhesive at the edge of the light-emitting device.

[0069] Even in this case, by displacing the microlens from the light-emitting region as shown in Figure 6(c), the light is refracted when passing through the microlens, and the light intensity in a specific direction is increased, thereby improving the light utilization efficiency in the optical system.

[0070] When the microlenses 15 and the protective layer 14 are integrally formed, the distance between the microlenses 15 and the light-emitting element 100 can be made shorter than when the microlenses 15 are formed on separate substrates and then bonded together. This widens the solid angle of light incident on the microlenses from the light-emitting layer, improving the light extraction efficiency.

[0071] On the other hand, by separately preparing the substrate 8 on which the microlenses 15 and the light emitting elements 100 are arranged and then bonding them together, the options for manufacturing the microlenses 15 can be increased, thereby improving the degree of freedom in designing the microlenses 15.

[0072] Next, examples of the arrangement of the microlenses 15 and the light-emitting region are shown. While Figures 3(a) and (b) show an example in which one microlens is provided for one light-emitting element, multiple microlenses may be provided for one light-emitting element as shown in Figure 7(a). Also, as shown in Figure 7(b), one microlens may be shared by multiple light-emitting elements. When multiple microlenses 15 are provided for one light-emitting element 100, it is sufficient that the midpoint C3 of the centers C1 and C2 of each microlens 15 and the center of the light-emitting region are separated (shifted) by a certain distance as shown in Figure 7(a).

[0073] When three or more microlenses 15 are provided for one light-emitting element and the centers of the microlenses 15 are not on a straight line, it is sufficient that the center of gravity of the figure formed by connecting the centers of the microlenses is offset from the center of the light-emitting area.

[0074] When one microlens is provided so as to be shared by multiple light-emitting elements, the center of the microlens may be offset from the center of the midpoint C6 of the centers C4 and C5 of each light-emitting area, as shown in Figure 7(b). When one microlens 15 is provided so as to be shared by three or more light-emitting elements, and the centers of the light-emitting areas are not on a straight line, the center of gravity of the figure formed by connecting the centers of the light-emitting areas may be offset from the center of microlens 15. In this case, the microlens may be cylindrical.

[0075] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the microlens 15 has a spherical surface in a cross section perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate 8, but the shape of the microlens 15 is not limited to this. For example, as shown in Fig. 8, the microlens 15 may be an aspherical lens in which the apex of the microlens 15 is offset from the center of the microlens 15 in the cross section. Even in this case, by adopting the configuration of this embodiment and arranging the light-emitting region and the microlens 15 so as to be offset, the light utilization efficiency of the optical system can be improved.

[0076] In this embodiment, the light emitting device is applied to an exposure system, but the light emitting device is not limited to this. For example, the light emitting device may be a display device.

[0077] For example, in the case of a display device or a display imaging device that uses a light-emitting device in a magnifying optical system as shown in Figure 2, the center of the functional area (display area) uses light rays that are directed in a frontal direction relative to the display surface, while the periphery of the functional area uses light that is directed in an oblique direction relative to the display surface.

[0078] When the microlenses are positioned offset from the light-emitting region as shown in FIG. 4(b), as in the configuration of this embodiment, the light is refracted as it passes through the microlenses, thereby improving the light emission intensity in a specific direction. Therefore, by using the configuration of this embodiment in the periphery of the functional region, the light emission intensity of light directed obliquely toward the display surface can be increased. Therefore, a display device and a display / imaging device with improved light utilization efficiency can be provided.

[0079] (Embodiment 2) The light emitting device of this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, an example in which the light emitting device is applied as a display device will be described. Specifically, an example of a display device in which light emitted from the light emitting device is visually recognized through a magnifying optical system will be described. Note that the configuration of the light emitting device of this embodiment can be the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the amount of shifting of the microlenses is different. Therefore, a description of the overlapping parts will be omitted.

[0080] Fig. 9(a) is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a part of a display device using the light-emitting device of this embodiment, and Fig. 9(b) is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of the light-emitting elements 100 and the microlenses 15. Fig. 9(c) is a schematic plan view of a part of a display device using the light-emitting device of this embodiment.

[0081] In this embodiment, in the center of the display area (functional area), microlenses 15 are arranged without any misalignment with light-emitting area 17. That is, in the center of the display area, in a plan view of the surface of substrate 8 on which light-emitting elements 10 are arranged, the distance between the center of microlenses 15 and the center of the light-emitting area is substantially zero (including manufacturing errors). In addition, since the cross-sectional shape of microlenses 15 here is spherical, the distance between the vertex of microlens 15 and the center of the light-emitting area is also substantially zero (they coincide).

[0082] On the other hand, in the peripheral part of the display area, microlenses 15 are arranged so as to be shifted outward relative to light-emitting region 17. That is, in the peripheral part of the display area, the center of microlenses 15 and the center of the light-emitting region are separated by a certain distance (do not coincide) in a plan view of the surface of substrate 8 on which light-emitting elements 100 are arranged. In addition, because the cross-sectional shape of microlenses 15 here is spherical, the vertex of microlens 15 and the center of the light-emitting region are also separated by a certain distance.

[0083] In this embodiment, the pitch of the microlenses 15 (the distance between the centers of adjacent microlenses in a plan view relative to the surface of the substrate 8 on which the light emitting elements 100 are arranged) is constant. The pitch of the light emitting elements (the distance between the centers of the light emitting regions of adjacent light emitting elements 100 in the plan view) is also constant. However, the pitch of the microlenses 15 and the pitch of the light emitting elements 100 are different. Therefore, even if the microlenses 15 and the light emitting elements 100 are arranged without any misalignment in the central area, the microlenses 15 and the light emitting elements 100 will be arranged with a misalignment in the peripheral area.

[0084] Here, the display area (functional area) refers to the area on the substrate 8 where the light emitting elements 100 are arranged, and a driving circuit, pads, etc. may be arranged around the functional area.

[0085] A more specific configuration of the light-emitting device according to this embodiment will now be described. In the left peripheral portion of the display area, microlenses 15 are arranged offset to the left (direction C) relative to the light-emitting area in Fig. 9(a), and in the light-emitting elements in the right peripheral portion of the display area, they are arranged offset to the right (direction D). As shown in Fig. 9(b), at the center E' of the display area, the microlenses 15 and the center of the light-emitting area 17 are not offset.

[0086] On the other hand, in the adjacent pixel in the direction toward peripheral part E of the display area, microlens 15 is arranged so as to be offset by distance 300a from the center of light-emitting region 17. Also, in the adjacent pixel in the direction toward peripheral part A of the display area, the center of microlens 15 is arranged so as to be offset by distance 300b from the center of light-emitting region 17. That is, in the functional area, light-emitting elements with a small distance (offset) between the center of the light-emitting region and the center of the microlens are arranged closer to the center.

[0087] In the case of a display device or a display imaging device that uses a light-emitting device in a magnifying optical system, the center of the functional area (display area) utilizes light rays that are directed in a frontal direction relative to the display surface, while the periphery of the functional area utilizes light that is directed in an oblique direction relative to the display surface.

[0088] Therefore, with the configuration of this embodiment, the luminous intensity of light transmitted through the microlenses 15 in a specific direction is improved in the peripheral area of the functional area. This makes it possible to increase the luminous intensity of light directed obliquely to the display surface in the peripheral area of the functional area. This makes it possible to provide a display device and a display / imaging device with improved light utilization efficiency.

[0089] For example, the display device of this embodiment has a plurality of sets of light-emitting regions and microlenses onto which light from the light-emitting regions is incident. In this case, in the plurality of sets, the direction from the center of the light-emitting region to the vertex of the microlens, parallel to the surface of the substrate 8 on which the light-emitting elements 100 are arranged, is the direction from the center to the periphery of the functional region in which the plurality of sets are arranged. This makes it possible to increase the luminous intensity of light passing through the microlenses 15 in the peripheral direction, i.e., light directed obliquely to the display surface, in the periphery of the functional region. Therefore, it is possible to provide a display device and a display / imaging device with improved light utilization efficiency.

[0090] In this embodiment, a full-color display may be achieved by configuring each light-emitting element to emit a different color. As a method for realizing a full-color display, a method using a white organic EL element and a color filter as described above may be used, or a configuration in which the light-emitting layer of each light-emitting element is patterned to emit a different color may be used.

[0091] Furthermore, a full-color display may be achieved by varying the distance between the first and second reflecting surfaces for each light-emitting element. By varying the distance between the first and second reflecting surfaces, each light-emitting element can emit light of a different color while sharing the same light-emitting layer, which makes the manufacturing process for the light-emitting layer easier than with a method of patterning the light-emitting layer.

[0092] When arranging a plurality of light-emitting elements 100, the planar arrangement may be any of a stripe arrangement, a square arrangement, a delta arrangement, a pentile arrangement, and a Bayer arrangement. FIGS. 9(a) to 9(c) show an example of an arrangement in the delta arrangement. The size and shape of the microlenses 15 may be appropriately set depending on the arrangement method. For example, in the case of a stripe arrangement, elongated microlenses may be arranged across multiple pixels as shown in FIG. 7(a), or multiple hemispherical microlenses may be arranged within one pixel as shown in FIG. 7(b).

[0093] In this embodiment, the color filter 18 may be disposed on the protective layer 14. The color filters 18a, 18b, and 18c may be color filters that transmit different colors, for example, color filters that transmit red, green, and blue light, respectively. In FIG. 9(a), the color filter 18 is disposed between the protective layer 14 and the microlens 15.

[0094] Here, as in the first embodiment, for pixels that emit light of the same color (e.g., green), the light emitting device of this embodiment satisfies the following relationship for three pixels that are arranged adjacent to each other in a planar view relative to the surface of substrate 8 on which light emitting elements 100 are arranged. In this planar view, the distance X between the center of the light emitting region and the vertex of the microlens is greater than the difference between the distance between the vertex of microlens 15a and vertex 15b of the second microlens and the distance between the vertex of microlens 15b and vertex 15c of the microlens. Here, because the pitch of microlenses 15 is constant in FIG. 9(a), the center of the light emitting region and the vertex of the microlens (the vertex in this case) are arranged to be offset from each other.

[0095] Therefore, the light emission intensity in a specific direction can be improved, and the light utilization efficiency in the optical system can be improved.

[0096] Although only pixels in which the microlens 15 corresponding to one pixel overlaps the center of the light-emitting region of the pixel in a planar view are shown, the light-emitting device is not limited to this. The above-described pixels as shown in FIG. 9(a) may be arranged throughout the entire functional region (display region). Furthermore, in the peripheral portion of the functional region, pixels in which the microlens 15 corresponding to one pixel does not overlap the center of the light-emitting region of the pixel in a planar view may be arranged. This configuration improves the utilization efficiency of oblique light when it is desired to utilize light at a large angle (oblique light) from the center of the functional region toward the periphery in the peripheral portion.

[0097] In this embodiment, an example has been shown in which a full-color display is possible using color filters that transmit three colors of light, but this is not limiting, and the color filters 18 may be omitted in part or in whole. FIG. 10(a) shows a case in which the color filters are omitted. In this case, the light-emitting device may be a white-emitting light-emitting device in which the light-emitting element 100 emits white light. Furthermore, color display may be achieved by forming different light-emitting layers in the light-emitting element 100 and varying the colors of the light emitted from the light-emitting element.

[0098] The stacking order of the color filters and microlenses may be selected as appropriate. Figure 9 shows an example in which the microlenses are provided on the light extraction side of the color filters. Stacking them in this order is preferable because the only light that enters the microlenses is light that has passed through the color filters, which prevents unintended emission of colors emitted from adjacent pixels from leaving the element, improving display quality.

[0099] The distance between the center of color filter 18 of each pixel and the center of the light-emitting region in a plan view (color filter offset amount) can be set as appropriate. Considering the optical path of light from the light-emitting region passing through color filter 18 and reaching the microlens, it is preferable to set the color filter offset amount in the range of 0 or more and the microlens offset amount or less, as shown in Figure 9(a), as this is thought to be less likely to hinder light transmission.

[0100] As shown in Figure 9(a), the color filters are formed integrally on the protective layer 14, and the microlenses may also be formed integrally, or may be formed on separate substrates and attached to face each other. By forming the color filters 18 and the protective layer 14 integrally, the color filters can be formed with high positional accuracy relative to the light-emitting region using a photolithography process. Furthermore, by forming the color filters 18, microlenses 15, and protective layer 14 integrally, the positional relationship between the light-emitting region, color filters 18, and microlenses 15 can be formed with high precision.

[0101] In this embodiment, an example in which the microlenses 15 are spherical microlenses has been described, but the light-emitting device of this embodiment is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, aspherical lenses in which the center and vertices of the lenses are offset may be used. FIG. 11 shows an example in which, in the functional area of the display device, the microlenses 15 of the central pixel are spherical lenses, and the microlenses 15 of the surrounding (peripheral) pixels are aspherical lenses. In this case, too, by using the light-emitting device of this embodiment, the luminous intensity of light obliquely emitted from the pixels in the peripheral area can be improved. Therefore, the light utilization efficiency in the optical system can be improved.

[0102] 10(b), the microlenses 15 may be formed on a separate substrate and then bonded to the substrate 8 having the light-emitting elements 100. By forming the microlenses 15 using a substrate separate from the substrate 8 having the light-emitting elements 100, the degree of freedom in the processing method (temperature, etc.) when fabricating the microlenses 15 increases, and the degree of freedom in designing the microlenses 15 also increases. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 10(c), the microlenses 15 and the color filters 18 may be formed on separate substrates and then bonded to the substrate 8 having the light-emitting elements 100 to fabricate a light-emitting device. With this configuration, the degree of freedom in designing the color filters 18 and microlenses 15 increases when fabricating them.

[0103] In this case, similarly to the first embodiment, the microlenses 15 and the color filters 15 are fixed to the substrate 8 with adhesive. Details are the same as those in the first embodiment, so a detailed description will be omitted.

[0104] Although an example of a display device has been described above, application examples of the light emitting device of this embodiment are not limited to this. For example, the light emitting device may be applied to an exposure system. A cross-sectional view of a portion of the light emitting device of the exposure system of this embodiment is similar to BB' in FIG. 10(a). An imaging lens array 3 is disposed thereon, as shown in FIG. 3(a). A schematic plan view of a portion of the functional region of the light emitting device of FIG. 10(a) is similar to FIG. 10(c).

[0105] In this embodiment, the farther the light-emitting element is positioned from directly below the imaging lens array, the greater the amount of microlens shift. The amount of microlens shift for each light-emitting element can be set according to the angle from each light-emitting element toward the imaging lens array. Therefore, by adopting this configuration of this embodiment, it is possible to improve light utilization efficiency, just like in the first embodiment.

[0106] (Embodiment 3) [Configuration of organic light-emitting element] The organic light-emitting element is provided by forming an anode, an organic compound layer, and a cathode on a substrate. A protective layer, a color filter, etc. may be provided on the cathode. When a color filter is provided, a planarizing layer may be provided between the protective layer and the color filter. The planarizing layer may be made of acrylic resin or the like.

[0107] [substrate] Examples of the substrate include quartz, glass, silicon wafer, resin, and metal. Furthermore, the substrate may be provided with switching elements such as transistors and wiring, and an insulating layer thereon. The insulating layer may be made of any material, as long as it can form contact holes to ensure electrical continuity between the anode 2 and the wiring and can ensure insulation from unconnected wiring. For example, resins such as polyimide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, etc. can be used.

[0108] [electrode] A pair of electrodes can be used. The pair of electrodes may be an anode and a cathode. When an electric field is applied in the direction in which the organic light-emitting element emits light, the electrode with a higher potential is the anode, and the other is the cathode. It can also be said that the electrode that supplies holes to the light-emitting layer is the anode, and the electrode that supplies electrons is the cathode.

[0109] The material for the anode should have as high a work function as possible. For example, simple metals such as gold, platinum, silver, copper, nickel, palladium, cobalt, selenium, vanadium, and tungsten, mixtures containing these metals, and alloys combining these metals can be used. Metal oxides such as tin oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), and zinc indium oxide can also be used. Furthermore, conductive polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene can also be used.

[0110] These electrode materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The anode may be composed of one layer or multiple layers.

[0111] When used as a reflective electrode, for example, chromium, aluminum, silver, titanium, tungsten, molybdenum, or alloys or laminates thereof can be used. When used as a transparent electrode, transparent conductive oxide layers such as indium tin oxide (ITO) and indium zinc oxide can be used, but are not limited to these. Photolithography techniques can be used to form the electrodes.

[0112] On the other hand, materials with a low work function are preferred for the cathode. Examples include alkali metals such as lithium, alkaline earth metals such as calcium, and metals such as aluminum, titanium, manganese, silver, lead, and chromium, as well as mixtures containing these metals. Alternatively, alloys combining these metals can be used. For example, magnesium-silver, aluminum-lithium, aluminum-magnesium, silver-copper, and zinc-silver can be used. Metal oxides such as indium tin oxide (ITO) can also be used. These electrode materials can be used alone or in combination. The cathode can have either a single-layer or multi-layer structure. Among these, silver is preferred, and a silver alloy is even more preferred to suppress silver aggregation. The alloy ratio is not critical as long as silver aggregation can be suppressed. For example, a 1:1 ratio is acceptable.

[0113] The cathode may be a top-emission element using an oxide conductive layer such as ITO, or a bottom-emission element using a reflective electrode such as aluminum (Al), and is not particularly limited. The method for forming the cathode is not particularly limited, but DC and AC sputtering methods are more preferred because they provide good film coverage and make it easier to reduce resistance.

[0114] [Protective layer] A protective layer may be provided on the cathode. For example, by adhering glass provided with a moisture absorbent on the cathode, it is possible to prevent water and other substances from penetrating the organic compound layer, thereby suppressing display defects. In another embodiment, a passivation film such as silicon nitride may be provided on the cathode to prevent water and other substances from penetrating the organic EL layer. For example, after forming the cathode, the device may be transported to another chamber without breaking the vacuum, and a silicon nitride film with a thickness of 2 μm may be formed by CVD to serve as a protective layer. A protective layer may also be provided using atomic layer deposition (ALD) after film formation by CVD.

[0115] [Color Filter] A color filter may be provided on the protective layer. For example, a color filter taking into consideration the size of the organic light-emitting element may be provided on a separate substrate and then bonded to the substrate on which the organic light-emitting element is provided, or a color filter may be patterned on the protective layer described above using photolithography technology. The color filter may be made of a polymer.

[0116] [Planarization layer] A planarizing layer may be provided between the color filter and the protective layer. The planarizing layer may be made of an organic compound, and may be either a low molecular weight or a high molecular weight, but is preferably a high molecular weight.

[0117] The planarizing layer may be provided above or below the color filter, and may be made of the same or different materials, such as polyvinyl carbazole resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, ABS resin, acrylic resin, polyimide resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, and urea resin.

[0118] [Counter substrate] A counter substrate may be provided on the planarization layer. The counter substrate is called a counter substrate because it is provided at a position corresponding to the aforementioned substrate. The counter substrate may be made of the same material as the aforementioned substrate.

[0119] [Organic layer] The organic compound layers (hole injection layer, hole transport layer, electron blocking layer, light emitting layer, hole blocking layer, electron transport layer, electron injection layer, etc.) constituting the organic light emitting element according to one embodiment are formed by the method shown below.

[0120] The organic compound layer constituting the organic light-emitting element according to an embodiment can be formed by dry processes such as vacuum deposition, ionization deposition, sputtering, plasma, etc. Alternatively to the dry process, a wet process can be used in which the compound is dissolved in an appropriate solvent and a layer is formed by a known coating method (e.g., spin coating, dipping, casting, LB method, inkjet method, etc.).

[0121] Here, when a layer is formed by a vacuum deposition method or a solution coating method, crystallization is unlikely to occur and the layer has excellent stability over time. When a film is formed by a coating method, the film can be formed by combining with an appropriate binder resin.

[0122] Examples of the binder resin include polyvinyl carbazole resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, ABS resin, acrylic resin, polyimide resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, urea resin, etc. The above are examples, and the binder resin is not limited to these.

[0123] These binder resins may be used singly or in combination as homopolymers or copolymers, and may further contain known additives such as plasticizers, antioxidants, and ultraviolet absorbers, if necessary.

[0124] [Use of light-emitting device] The light emitting device according to the first or second embodiment can be used as a display unit for various electronic devices, such as digital cameras, video cameras, head-mounted displays (goggle-type displays), game consoles, car navigation systems, personal computers, personal digital assistants, electronic books, and television sets. Specific examples are described below with reference to the drawings.

[0125] 12 shows an example of an application of the semiconductor device as a display device. A display device using the light emitting device according to the first or second embodiment can be applied to information display devices such as camera viewfinders, head-mounted displays, and smart glasses.

[0126] 12(a) is a schematic diagram of an example used as a viewfinder for an imaging device such as a camera. Display light 217 and infrared light 218 are emitted from a display device 212, and the display light and infrared light pass through the same optical member 222 to reach a user's eyeball 216. The infrared light reflected by the user's eyeball 216 is converted into electrical information by an imaging device 223 having an imaging element, and the line of sight is detected based on that information. Instead of providing an imaging device, an imaging element may be provided on an insulating layer of the display device 1, and the display device may be used as a display imaging device.

[0127] 12(b) shows an example of an imaging device such as a camera. The imaging device 224 has a viewfinder 225, a display 226, an operation unit 227, and a housing 228. The display device in FIG.

[0128] 12(a) shows an example in which the display light 217 and the infrared light 218 pass through the same optical member 222, but separate optical members may be provided for the display light and the infrared light. Also, instead of providing an imaging device, an imaging element may be provided on the substrate of the display device 212 and used as a display imaging device. The detected line-of-sight information can be used to control the display device and various devices connected to the display device, such as for camera focus control, display image resolution control, and as a substitute for button operation.

[0129] The display device having the light emitting device according to this embodiment may have an imaging device having a light receiving element, and may control the image displayed on the display device based on information on the user's line of sight from the imaging device.

[0130] Specifically, the display device determines a first field of view area where the user gazes and a second field of view area other than the first field of view area based on the line-of-sight information. The first field of view area and the second field of view area may be determined by a control device of the display device, or may be determined by an external control device and received. In the display area of the display device, the display resolution of the first field of view area may be controlled to be higher than the display resolution of the second field of view area. In other words, the resolution of the second field of view area may be lower than that of the first field of view area.

[0131] The display area includes a first display area and a second display area different from the first display area, and a high-priority area is determined from the first display area and the second display area based on line-of-sight information. The first field of view area and the second field of view area may be determined by a control device of the display device, or may be determined by an external control device and received. The resolution of the high-priority area may be controlled to be higher than the resolution of areas other than the high-priority area. In other words, the resolution of an area with a relatively low priority may be lowered.

[0132] Note that AI may be used to determine the first field of view area and areas with high priority. The AI may be a model configured to estimate the angle of gaze and the distance to an object in the line of sight from an image of the eyeball, using as training data an image of the eyeball and the direction in which the eyeball in the image was actually looking. The AI program may be included in the display device, the imaging device, or an external device. If included in an external device, it is transmitted to the display device via communication.

[0133] When display control is performed based on visual recognition detection, the smart glasses can be preferably applied to smart glasses that further include an imaging device for capturing images of the outside world. The smart glasses can display captured external information in real time.

[0134] Alternatively, a first imaging device may have a light receiving element for receiving infrared light, and a second imaging device for capturing images of the outside world, which has a light receiving element different from that of the first imaging device. The imaging resolution of the second imaging device may be controlled based on the line-of-sight information of the user of the first imaging device. By lowering the imaging resolution of other areas compared to a prioritized area, the amount of information can be reduced. This reduces power consumption and display delay. The prioritized area may be the first imaging area, and an area with a lower priority than the first imaging area may be the second imaging area.

[0135] FIG. 12(c) is a schematic diagram showing an example of smart glasses. An image capturing and display device 229, typified by smart glasses, has a control unit 230, a transparent display unit 231, and an external image capturing unit (not shown). When applied to smart glasses, both the display device and the external image capturing device can be controlled based on detected gaze information, thereby reducing power consumption and display delays. For example, by lowering the display and image resolution of areas of the display area other than the area the user is gazing at, the amount of information in both the image capturing and display can be reduced, thereby reducing power consumption and display delays.

[0136] Furthermore, a display device having the light-emitting device according to the first or second embodiment can be used as a component of the following display device or lighting device. Other applications include an exposure light source for an electrophotographic image forming device, a backlight for a liquid crystal display device, and a light-emitting device having a white light source and a color filter.

[0137] The display device may be an image information processing device that has an image input unit that inputs image information from an area CCD, a linear CCD, a memory card, etc., has an information processing unit that processes the input information, and displays the input image on the display unit.

[0138] The display unit of the imaging device or inkjet printer may have a touch panel function. The driving method of this touch panel function may be an infrared method, a capacitance method, a resistive film method, or an electromagnetic induction method, and is not particularly limited. The display device may also be used in the display unit of a multifunction printer.

[0139] Next, a display device according to this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device having an organic light-emitting element and a TFT element connected to the organic light-emitting element. The TFT element is an example of an active element.

[0140] 13 includes a substrate 301 made of glass or the like and a moisture-proof film 302 formed thereon to protect the TFT elements or organic compound layers. Reference numeral 303 denotes a metal gate electrode 303. Reference numeral 304 denotes a gate insulating film 304, and 305 denotes a semiconductor layer.

[0141] The TFT element 308 has a semiconductor layer 305, a drain electrode 306, and a source electrode 307. An insulating film 309 is provided on the top of the TFT element 308. An anode 311 constituting the organic light-emitting element and the source electrode 307 are connected via a contact hole 310.

[0142] The electrical connection method between the electrodes (anode, cathode) included in the organic light-emitting element and the electrodes (source electrode, drain electrode) included in the TFT is not limited to the mode shown in Fig. 13. In other words, it is sufficient that either the anode or the cathode is electrically connected to either the source electrode or the drain electrode of the TFT element.

[0143] 13 shows the organic compound layer as a single layer, the organic compound layer 312 may be a multi-layer structure. A first protective layer 314 and a second protective layer 315 are provided on the cathode 313 to suppress deterioration of the organic light-emitting element.

[0144] In the display device 300 of FIG. 13, transistors are used as switching elements, but MIM elements may be used instead as switching elements.

[0145] 13 is not limited to transistors using a single-crystal silicon wafer, but may be thin-film transistors having an active layer on an insulating surface of a substrate. Examples of active layers include single-crystal silicon, amorphous silicon, microcrystalline silicon, and other non-single-crystal silicon, as well as non-single-crystal oxide semiconductors such as indium zinc oxide and indium gallium zinc oxide. Thin-film transistors are also called TFT elements.

[0146] The transistors included in the display device 300 of Fig. 13 may be formed within a substrate such as a Si substrate. Here, "formed within a substrate" means that the substrate itself, such as a Si substrate, is processed to form the transistors. In other words, having a transistor within a substrate can be seen as the substrate and the transistor being formed integrally.

[0147] The organic light-emitting element according to this embodiment has its emission brightness controlled by a TFT, which is an example of a switching element. By providing multiple organic light-emitting elements on a surface, an image can be displayed based on the emission brightness of each element. The switching element according to this embodiment is not limited to a TFT, but may also be a transistor formed from low-temperature polysilicon or an active matrix driver formed on a substrate such as a Si substrate. "On the substrate" can also be referred to as "inside the substrate." Whether to provide a transistor within the substrate or to use a TFT is determined by the size of the display unit. For example, for a display size of about 0.5 inches, it is preferable to provide the organic light-emitting element on a Si substrate.

[0148] 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a display device according to this embodiment. The display device 1000 may include a touch panel 1003, a display panel 1005, a frame 1006, a circuit board 1007, and a battery 1008 between an upper cover 1001 and a lower cover 1009. The touch panel 1003 and the display panel 1005 are connected by flexible printed circuits FPCs 1002 and 1004. Transistors are printed on the circuit board 1007. The battery 1008 may not be provided if the display device is not a portable device, and may be provided in a different position even if the display device is a portable device.

[0149] The display device 1000 according to this embodiment may be used as a display unit of a photoelectric conversion device having an optical unit with a plurality of lenses and an image sensor that receives light that has passed through the optical unit. The photoelectric conversion device may have a display unit that displays information acquired by the image sensor. Alternatively, information may be acquired using information acquired by the image sensor, and the display unit may display information different from the acquired information. The display unit may be a display unit exposed to the outside of the photoelectric conversion device or a display unit disposed within a viewfinder. The photoelectric conversion device may be a digital camera or a digital video camera.

[0150] 15(a) is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a photoelectric conversion device according to this embodiment. The photoelectric conversion device 1100 may have a viewfinder 1101, a rear display 1102, an operation unit 1103, and a housing 1104. The viewfinder 1101 may have the light-emitting device according to the first or second embodiment as a display device. In this case, the display device may display not only an image to be captured, but also environmental information, imaging instructions, and the like. The environmental information may include the intensity of external light, the direction of external light, the moving speed of the subject, the possibility that the subject will be blocked by an obstruction, and the like.

[0151] Since the optimum timing for capturing an image is very short, it is better to display information as soon as possible. Therefore, it is preferable to use a display device using the organic light-emitting element of the present invention. This is because the organic light-emitting element has a fast response speed. A display device using an organic light-emitting element can be used more preferably than a liquid crystal display device, which requires a high display speed.

[0152] The photoelectric conversion device 1100 has an optical section (not shown). The optical section has multiple lenses, which form an image on an image sensor housed in a housing 1104. The focus of the multiple lenses can be adjusted by adjusting their relative positions. This operation can also be performed automatically.

[0153] The display device according to the present embodiment may have color filters having red, green, and blue colors, and the red, green, and blue colors may be arranged in a delta arrangement in the color filters.

[0154] The display device according to the present embodiment may be used as a display unit of a mobile terminal. In this case, the display device may have both a display function and an operation function. Examples of the mobile terminal include a mobile phone such as a smartphone, a tablet, and the head-mounted display described above.

[0155] FIG. 15(b) is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an electronic device according to this embodiment. The electronic device 1200 has a display unit 1201, an operation unit 1202, and a housing 1203. The housing 1203 may have a circuit, a printed circuit board having the circuit, a battery, and a communication unit. The operation unit 1202 may be a button or a touch panel type reaction unit. The operation unit may be a biometric recognition unit that recognizes a fingerprint to perform operations such as unlocking. An electronic device having a communication unit can also be called a communication device. The display unit may have the light-emitting device according to the first or second embodiment.

[0156] 16A and 16B are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a display device having a light-emitting device according to this embodiment. FIG. 16A shows a display device such as a television monitor or a PC monitor. The display device 1300 has a frame 1301 and a display unit 1302. The light-emitting device according to the first or second embodiment may be used for the display unit 1302.

[0157] It has a frame 1301 and a base 1303 that supports a display unit 1302. The base 1303 is not limited to the form shown in Fig. 16(a). The bottom side of the frame 1301 may also serve as the base.

[0158] The frame 1301 and the display unit 1302 may be curved. The radius of curvature may be 5000 mm or more and 6000 mm or less.

[0159] FIG. 16(b) is a schematic diagram illustrating another example of a display device having a light-emitting device according to the present embodiment. The display device 1310 in FIG. 16(b) is configured to be bendable, and is a so-called foldable display device. The display device 1310 has a first display unit 1311, a second display unit 1312, a housing 1313, and a bending point 1314. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 may include a semiconductor device according to the embodiment. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 may be a single, seamless display unit. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 can be separated by the bending point 1314. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 may display different images, or the first and second display units may display a single image.

[0160] 17(a) is a schematic diagram showing an example of an illumination device according to this embodiment. The illumination device 1400 may include a housing 1401, a light source 1402, a circuit board 1403, an optical film 1404, and a light diffusion unit 1405. The light source may include the light-emitting device according to the first or second embodiment. In this case, image data input to each pixel may be a signal corresponding to the same luminance, rather than forming an image when displayed.

[0161] The optical film 1404 may be a filter that improves the color rendering of the light source. The light diffusion section 1405 can effectively diffuse light from the light source, such as for lighting, and deliver the light over a wide area. The optical filter and light diffusion section may be transparent and provided on the light output side of the lighting. If necessary, a cover may be provided on the outermost part.

[0162] The lighting device 1400 is, for example, a device that illuminates a room. The lighting device may emit white, daylight white, or any other color from blue to red. It may have a dimming circuit for dimming these colors. The lighting device 1400 may have the light-emitting device according to the first or second embodiment, and may have, for example, an organic light-emitting element and a power supply circuit connected to it. The power supply circuit is a circuit that converts AC voltage to DC voltage. Furthermore, white has a color temperature of 4200K, and daylight white has a color temperature of 5000K. The lighting device may have a color filter.

[0163] Furthermore, the lighting device 1400 according to this embodiment may have a heat dissipation unit. The heat dissipation unit dissipates heat from within the device to the outside, and examples of the heat dissipation unit include metal with a high specific heat, liquid silicon, and the like.

[0164] 17(b) is a schematic diagram of an automobile, which is an example of a moving body according to this embodiment. The automobile has tail lamps, which are an example of lighting fixtures. The automobile 1500 has tail lamps 1501, and may be configured to turn on the tail lamps when braking or the like is performed.

[0165] The tail lamp 1501 may have the light emitting device according to the first or second embodiment as a lighting device. The tail lamp may have a protective member for protecting the organic EL element. The protective member may be made of any material as long as it has a certain degree of strength and is transparent, but it is preferable that the protective member be made of polycarbonate or the like. Polycarbonate may be mixed with a furandicarboxylic acid derivative, an acrylonitrile derivative, or the like.

[0166] An automobile 1500 may have a body 1503 and a window 1502 attached thereto. The window may be a transparent display as long as it is not a window for checking the front and rear of the automobile. The transparent display may have the light-emitting device according to the first or second embodiment. In this case, the constituent materials of the electrodes and the like of the organic light-emitting element are made of transparent materials.

[0167] The moving body according to the present embodiment may be a ship, an aircraft, a drone, or the like. The moving body may have a body and a lighting device provided on the body. The lighting device may emit light to indicate the position of the body. The lighting device has the light-emitting device according to the first or second embodiment as an illumination device.

[0168] As described above, by using the light emitting device according to the first or second embodiment, it is possible to provide a device that has a wide viewing angle and improved light utilization efficiency. [Explanation of symbols]

[0169] 2. Light-emitting device 8 PCB 15 Lenses 17 Light-emitting area 100 light-emitting elements

Claims

1. a light emitting device having a first chip and a second chip on a main surface of a substrate, the first chip having only a set of a first light emitting element and a first lens overlapping in a plan view with a midpoint of a first light emitting region of the first light emitting element in a cross section perpendicular to the substrate, as a light emitting portion, and the second chip having only a set of a second light emitting element and a second lens overlapping in a plan view with a midpoint of a second light emitting region of the second light emitting element in a cross section perpendicular to the substrate, a vertex, which is a point of the first lens farthest from the substrate in a plan view, is spaced from a midpoint of the first light-emitting region in a positive direction in a first direction; A light-emitting device characterized in that, in a planar view, the vertex, which is the point on the second lens that is farthest from the substrate, is away from the midpoint of the second light-emitting region in the negative direction in the first direction.

2. In a plan view, a vertex of the first lens is spaced a first distance greater than 0 from a midpoint of the first light-emitting region, 2 . The light emitting device according to claim 1 , wherein, in a plan view, the vertex of the second lens is spaced from the midpoint of the second light emitting region by the first distance, which is greater than 0.

3. the first chip further includes a third light-emitting element adjacent to the first light-emitting element in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and a third lens overlapping in plan view with a midpoint of a third light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element in a cross section perpendicular to the substrate; 3. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, in a planar view, the vertex of the third lens, which is the point farthest from the substrate, is spaced apart in the first direction from the midpoint of the third light-emitting region in a cross section perpendicular to the substrate.

4. 4. The light emitting device according to claim 3, wherein the vertex of the third lens is spaced a first distance greater than 0 from the midpoint of the third light emitting region.

5. 4. The light emitting device according to claim 3, wherein the vertex of the third lens is spaced from the midpoint of the third light emitting region by a distance smaller than a first distance greater than 0.

6. The light emitting device according to claim 1 , wherein the vertex of the first lens is the center of gravity of the outline of the first lens in the plan view.

7. the first chip further includes a third light-emitting element adjacent to the first light-emitting element in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and a third lens overlapping in plan view with a midpoint of a third light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element in a cross section perpendicular to the substrate; 3 . The light emitting device according to claim 1 , wherein, in a plan view, the vertex of the third lens is spaced apart from a midpoint of the third light emitting region in the second direction.

8. In a plan view, a vertex of the first lens is spaced a first distance from a midpoint of the first light-emitting region, 8. The light emitting device according to claim 7, wherein, in a plan view, the vertex of the third lens is spaced the first distance from the midpoint of the third light emitting region.

9. In a plan view, a vertex of the first lens is spaced a first distance from a midpoint of the first light-emitting region, 8. The light emitting device according to claim 7, wherein, in a plan view, the vertex of the third lens is spaced from the midpoint of the third light emitting region by a distance smaller than the first distance.

10. an insulating layer is disposed on the first light emitting element; 10. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first lens is disposed in contact with the insulating layer.

11. 11. The light emitting device according to claim 1, further comprising a color filter disposed between the first light emitting element and the first lens.

12. 11. The light emitting device according to claim 1, further comprising a color filter disposed on the first lens.

13. 13. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the first light emitting element and the first lens in a direction perpendicular to the main surface is 0.1 [mu]m or more and 1 mm or less.

14. 14. The light emitting device according to claim 1, further comprising a transistor connected to an electrode of the first light emitting element.

15. a lens array disposed above the first chip; the lens array is disposed in the positive direction relative to the first chip, and 15. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the lens array is disposed in the negative direction relative to the second chip.

16. A light-emitting device comprising: the light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 15; and a photoreceptor; an exposure system configured so that light emitted from the light-emitting device is irradiated onto the photosensitive member;

17. the light emitting device has a plurality of light emitting elements including the first light emitting element, 17. The exposure system according to claim 16, wherein the plurality of light emitting elements are arranged side by side in the rotation direction of the photosensitive member.

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