Carbon dioxide control device and carbon dioxide control system

Abstract

The goal is to selectively separate oxygen and carbon dioxide within the target space and control the amount of carbon dioxide within that space. [Solution] The solution is provided by a carbon dioxide amount control device that controls the amount of carbon dioxide inside the target space, comprising a compressor, a pressure reducing pump, a drive source, and a carbon dioxide separation chamber partitioned into a front chamber and a rear chamber by a carbon dioxide separation material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide amount control device and a carbon dioxide amount control system for controlling the amount of carbon dioxide in a target space.

Background Art

[0002] For example, in a target space such as a greenhouse for growing plants, it is required to supply a predetermined amount of carbon dioxide and always keep it filled. In this case, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, carbon dioxide is supplied from the outside to the target space.

[0003] On the other hand, conversely, in a target space where carbon dioxide is likely to increase, such as inside the cargo bed of a truck loaded with a refrigeration device, since the amount of carbon dioxide tends to increase, it is required to discharge carbon dioxide in a manageable manner and fill the target space with air.

[0004] Here, in this specification, the "target space" is defined as a closed space that is isolated from the external environment and closed, and means a space for the purpose of internally filling either carbon dioxide or oxygen as a desired gas. For example, as described above, a representative example of a target space for the purpose of filling carbon dioxide inside is a greenhouse that houses and grows plants inside. On the other hand, a representative example of a target space for the purpose of filling oxygen inside in an environment where carbon dioxide is likely to increase is the cargo bed of a truck equipped with refrigeration equipment.

[0005] The target space defined in the present invention is in a mixed state of and carbon dioxide and air

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2024-010266 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] In a target space that needs to be filled with carbon dioxide or air, air is typically present in the initial state, therefore carbon dioxide and air and Unless the unwanted gases in the gas mixture are selectively discharged from the target space, there will be a limit to the amount of carbon dioxide or air that can be supplied.

[0008] In an environment where air and carbon dioxide are mixed and carbon dioxide levels tend to decrease, it is necessary to fill a target space with carbon dioxide. To maintain a predetermined amount of carbon dioxide in the target space on a constant basis, it is necessary to release oxygen from the target space and supply carbon dioxide. For example, this is the case when the target space is a greenhouse intended for plant growth. In such an environment, carbon dioxide is converted into oxygen through photosynthesis within the target space, so carbon dioxide decreases and oxygen increases within the target space. In this case, if the target space is highly airtight, unless oxygen-containing air is released, the amount of carbon dioxide that can be supplied to the inside of the target space will saturate over time, and the target space cannot be filled with carbon dioxide. If carbon dioxide continues to be supplied, it will lead to the target space bursting. On the other hand, if the target space is not airtight, the supplied carbon dioxide-containing air will leak out through gaps in the target space, resulting in the wasteful leakage of carbon dioxide outside the target space. This wasted carbon dioxide can lead to unintended environmental pollution.

[0009] On the other hand, in a target space where it is necessary to fill it with air in an environment where carbon dioxide levels tend to rise, in order to maintain a constant supply of carbon dioxide-free air within the target space, it is necessary to selectively vent carbon dioxide from the target space and supply air to the target space. In this case, if the target space is highly airtight, there is a problem that the amount of carbon dioxide will increase over time unless carbon dioxide is selectively vented from the target space. On the other hand, if the target space is not airtight, air will leak out along with carbon dioxide through gaps in the target space, making it impossible to fill the target space with air.

[0010] In a target space, air and carbon dioxide are in a mixed state. Therefore, if it is necessary to fill the target space with carbon dioxide in an environment where carbon dioxide tends to decrease, simply releasing the air will also release carbon dioxide, reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the target space. On the other hand, if it is necessary to fill the target space with air in an environment where carbon dioxide tends to increase, releasing the carbon dioxide will also release the air, reducing the amount of air in the target space. Consequently, it is necessary to selectively separate oxygen and carbon dioxide inside the target space and control the amount of carbon dioxide in the target space so as to increase or decrease the amount of carbon dioxide relative to the air inside the target space. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] A carbon dioxide amount control device for controlling carbon dioxide inside a target space, the carbon dioxide amount control device comprises a compressor having a compressor suction port, a compressor discharge port, and a compressor rotating shaft, the compressor rotating shaft rotates to draw in a gas containing carbon dioxide and air from inside or outside the target space through the compressor suction port and discharge it through the compressor discharge port; a pressure reducing pump having a pump suction port, a pump discharge port, and a pump rotating shaft, the pump rotating shaft rotates to draw in the gas through the pump suction port and discharge it through the pump discharge port; a drive source having a drive shaft, the rotation of which rotates the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft to drive the compressor and the pressure reducing pump, respectively; and a carbon dioxide separation material that divides the space into a front chamber and a rear chamber. The carbon dioxide amount control device comprises a carbon dioxide separation chamber, wherein the compressor outlet of the compressor communicates with the front chamber of the carbon dioxide separation chamber, the pump suction port of the pressure reducing pump communicates with the rear chamber of the carbon dioxide separation chamber, the compressor suction port of the compressor communicates with the interior of the target space, and the carbon dioxide supply source is at least one of the outside and the inside of the target space, wherein the pump outlet of the pressure reducing pump communicating with the rear chamber communicates with the interior of the target space and the exhaust port of the front chamber communicates with the outside of the target space, or the pump outlet of the pressure reducing pump communicating with the rear chamber and the exhaust port of the front chamber communicates with the interior of the target space, is in communication with a carbon dioxide amount control device having at least the function of opening to the atmosphere or releasing or storing carbon dioxide.

[0012] A carbon dioxide amount control system comprising a target space and a carbon dioxide amount control device for controlling the amount of carbon dioxide inside the target space, wherein the carbon dioxide amount control device comprises a compressor having a compressor suction port, a compressor discharge port, and a compressor rotating shaft, and the compressor rotating shaft rotates to draw in a gas containing carbon dioxide and air from inside or outside the target space through the compressor suction port and discharge it through the compressor discharge port; a pressure reducing pump having a pump suction port, a pump discharge port, and a pump rotating shaft, and the pump rotating shaft rotates to draw in the gas from the pump suction port and discharge it through the pump discharge port; a drive source having a drive shaft, which rotates the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft to drive the compressor and the pressure reducing pump, respectively; and a carbon dioxide separation material The carbon dioxide amount control system comprises a carbon dioxide separation chamber divided into a front chamber and a rear chamber, wherein the compressor outlet of the compressor communicates with the front chamber of the carbon dioxide separation chamber, the pump suction port of the pressure reducing pump communicates with the rear chamber of the carbon dioxide separation chamber, the compressor suction port of the compressor communicates with the interior of the target space, and the carbon dioxide supply source is at least one of the outside and the inside of the target space, wherein the pump outlet of the pressure reducing pump communicating with the rear chamber communicates with the interior of the target space and the exhaust port of the front chamber communicates with the outside of the target space, or the exhaust port of the front chamber communicates with the interior of the target space and the pump outlet of the pressure reducing pump communicating with the rear chamber communicates with a carbon dioxide treatment means having at least the function of opening to the atmosphere or flowing or storing carbon dioxide. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] It becomes possible to selectively separate the air and carbon dioxide inside the target space, recirculate the desired one back into the target space, and discharge the other outside the target space. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0014] [Figure 1A]It is a block diagram showing one aspect of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1A according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. [Figure 1B] It is a block diagram showing another aspect of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1A according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. [Figure 1C] It is a block diagram showing still another aspect of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1A according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. [Figure 1D] It is a block diagram showing still another aspect of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1A according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. [Figure 2A] It is a block diagram showing one aspect of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. [Figure 2B] It is a block diagram showing another aspect of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. [Figure 2C] It is a block diagram showing yet another aspect of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. [Figure 3] It is a schematic diagram schematically showing an example of the carbon dioxide separation chamber of the present invention. [Figure 4A] Taking the case where the drive source of the present invention is an electric motor as an example, it is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the relationship between the drive source, the compressor, and the decompression pump. [Figure 4B] Taking the case where the drive source of the present invention is an electric motor as an example, it is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the relationship between the drive source, the compressor, and the decompression pump. [Figure 4C] Taking the case where the drive source of the present invention is an electric motor as an example, it is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the relationship between the drive source, the compressor, and the decompression pump. [Figure 5A] Taking the case where the drive source of the present invention is a fan as an example, it is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the relationship between the drive source, the compressor, and the decompression pump. [Figure 5B] Taking the case where the drive source of the present invention is a fan as an example, it is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the relationship between the drive source, the compressor, and the decompression pump. [Figure 5C]Taking the case where the driving source of the present invention is a fan as an example, it is a conceptual diagram showing other examples of the relationship among the driving source, the compressor, and the decompression pump. [Figure 6A] It is a diagram conceptually showing the pipe 61 which is the carbon dioxide treatment means 6 of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. [Figure 6B] It is a diagram conceptually showing the tank 62 which is the carbon dioxide treatment means 6 of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. [Figure 6C] It is a diagram conceptually showing the carbon dioxide treatment device 63 which is the carbon dioxide treatment means of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. [Figure 6D] It is a diagram conceptually showing the configuration of the electrolysis device 7 applicable to the carbon dioxide treatment device 63 which is the carbon dioxide treatment means of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0015] Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1 will be described. In this specification, for the carbon dioxide amount control system 1, Embodiment 1 is distinguished as the carbon dioxide amount control system 1A, and Embodiment 2 is distinguished as the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B. The carbon dioxide amount control system 1A of Embodiment 1 is for filling carbon dioxide inside a target space where carbon dioxide is likely to decrease. For example, representative examples of the target space in Embodiment 1 include a greenhouse for growing plants by housing them inside, a room where people do not enter and a fire is likely to occur (for example, the interior of a building storing computer servers), etc., which are closed spaces where it is effective to fill carbon dioxide. On the other hand, the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B of Embodiment 2 is for removing carbon dioxide inside a target space where carbon dioxide is likely to increase and filling oxygen inside the target space. For example, representative examples of the target space in Embodiment 2 include the cargo bed of a truck storing dry ice with solidified carbon dioxide, refrigeration and freezing equipment, an indoor area where people are densely packed, etc., which are closed spaces where carbon dioxide tends to increase.

[0016] [Embodiment 1] The carbon dioxide control system 1A, which is Embodiment 1 of the carbon dioxide control system 1, will be described with reference to Figures 1A to 1D, Figure 3, and Figures 4A to 5C. Figures 1A to 1D are conceptual block diagrams showing the carbon dioxide control system 1A of Embodiment 1. In the embodiments shown in Figures 1A to 1C, the carbon dioxide control device 10 is located outside the target space 11, while in the embodiment shown in Figure 1D, the carbon dioxide control device 10 is located inside the target space 11. Figure 3 is a diagram showing the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4. Figures 4A to 4C and Figures 5A to 5C are diagrams showing the drive source of the carbon dioxide control system 1.

[0017] The carbon dioxide amount control system 1A comprises a carbon dioxide amount control device 10 and a target space 11. The carbon dioxide amount control device 10 comprises a compressor 2, a pressure reducing pump 3, a drive source 13, a carbon dioxide separation chamber 4, and piping 5.

[0018] The target space 11 is filled with a gas containing carbon dioxide and air. In this specification, the target space 11 is a closed space that is isolated and sealed off from the external environment. The target space 11 includes a sealed space that is completely isolated from the external environment, but it is sufficient if it is a closed closed space that is isolated to some extent from the external environment, and in which the external atmosphere can enter through gaps or doors in the sealed space, and it does not need to be a shielded sealed space that is permanently and completely isolated from the external environment. In particular, in Embodiment 1, as described above, the target space 11 is a closed space in which it is effective to fill it with carbon dioxide, such as a room in which people do not enter and which is prone to fire (for example, a room that houses computer servers). In Embodiment 1, the interior of the target space 11 is initially filled almost entirely with air, and from there the interior of the target space 11 is filled with carbon dioxide as the desired gas. The carbon dioxide control device 10 selectively separates carbon dioxide from air in the target space 11, discharges the air, and recirculates the separated carbon dioxide back into the target space 11. The target space 11 is initially filled with air. The external environment of the target space 11 is air, and the target space 11 is an environment in which air, consisting of oxygen and nitrogen, can easily flow in through airflow 11a of any kind, such as gaps.

[0019] In the present invention, since the carbon dioxide source that generates carbon dioxide also supplies carbon dioxide, the significance of including the carbon dioxide source as a carbon dioxide supply source is defined. In Embodiment 1, the carbon dioxide supply source (hereinafter, "CO2 source") 12 for filling the interior of the target space 11 is arranged in at least one of the following ways: as shown by the solid lines in Figures 1A to 1D, it is arranged outside the target space 11, and as shown by the dashed lines in Figures 1A and 1D, it is installed inside the target space 11. In either way, the CO2 source 12 is installed either inside or outside the target space 11, or both. In particular, in Figures 1A and 1D, the CO2 source 12 is shown to be arranged inside and outside the target space 11, which means either one or both. In the configuration of the CO2 source 12 shown by the solid line in Figure 1A, the CO2 source 12 is arranged outside the target space 11 and supplied to the interior of the target space 11 from the CO2 source 12a supply port 12a. In the configuration of the CO2 source 12 shown by the solid lines in Figures 1B and 1C, the CO2 source 12 is positioned outside the target space 11 as a carbon dioxide supply environment 121, and carbon dioxide is supplied from the supply port 12a of the CO2 source 12 to the compressor introduction piping 51, which will be described later, via the inside of the carbon dioxide supply environment 121 and the carbon dioxide supply piping 56. In the configuration of the CO2 source 12 shown by the dashed lines in Figures 1A and 1D, the CO2 source 12 is positioned inside the target space 11, and carbon dioxide is supplied to the inside of the target space 11 from the supply port 12a of the CO2 source 12. The CO2 source 12 shown by the solid and dashed lines in Figures 1A to 1D is typically, for example, a carbon dioxide cylinder, but is not limited to a carbon dioxide cylinder. Anything that supplies carbon dioxide or generates carbon dioxide can be a CO2 source 12 with carbon dioxide as the supply source. For example, Patent Document 1 can also be a CO2 source 12 of this application. Furthermore, the CO2 source 12 in the carbon dioxide supply environment 121 shown in Figures 1B and 1C can typically be a carbon dioxide cylinder, as described above, but it may also be configured as a carbon dioxide supply environment 121 that has a gas containing some or all of a naturally occurring CO2 source 12 from which carbon dioxide can be generated. For example, the carbon dioxide supply environment 121 may be a natural environment open to the atmosphere.In this case, the CO2 source 12 can be naturally occurring carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide supply environment 121 may also be the environment inside a building. In this case, the CO2 source 12 can be carbon dioxide emitted by living organisms, including humans, or by equipment. In other words, the carbon dioxide supply environment 121 is broadly defined as any environment that has a CO2 source 12 that supplies or generates carbon dioxide. Furthermore, within the carbon dioxide supply environment 121, the amount of carbon dioxide supplied or generated is irrelevant, as long as the environment has a CO2 source 12. Except in cases where no carbon dioxide is present at all, even if the concentration of supplied or generated carbon dioxide is low, it still constitutes a CO2 source 12, and the environment containing that CO2 source 12 also constitutes a carbon dioxide supply environment 121. In particular, in the embodiment shown in Figure 1C, by using a naturally occurring CO2 source 12 that can generate carbon dioxide, rather than a carbon dioxide cylinder, even if the supplied carbon dioxide-containing air leaks out from gaps in the target space, it uses naturally occurring carbon dioxide. This has the advantage of preventing increased wasteful consumption of carbon dioxide compared to using a carbon dioxide gas cylinder as the CO2 source 12.

[0020] Compressor 2 comprises a compressor suction port 2a, a compressor discharge port 2b, and a compressor rotating shaft 21. Compressor 2 draws gas in through the compressor suction port 2a, compresses it, and discharges it through the compressor discharge port 2b as the compressor rotating shaft 21 rotates. Compressor 2 can be any type of compressor as long as the gas drawn in during the process from the compressor suction port 2a to the compressor discharge port 2b can be compressed as the compressor rotating shaft 21 rotates. For example, compressor 2 can be a rotary compressor that compresses gas by the rotation of the compressor rotating shaft 21, or a reciprocating compressor that compresses gas by converting the rotation of the compressor rotating shaft 21 into reciprocating motion. Figures 4A to 4C illustrate an example in which the compressor rotating shaft 21 has turbine blades for ease of understanding, but any type of compressor can be applied to compressor 2, and the compressor rotating shaft 21 does not need to have turbine blades.

[0021] The vacuum pump 3 comprises a vacuum pump suction port 3a, a vacuum pump discharge port 3b, and a pump rotating shaft 31. The vacuum pump 3 draws gas in through the vacuum pump suction port 3a by the rotation of the pump rotating shaft 31, compresses it, and discharges it through the vacuum pump discharge port 3b. The vacuum pump 3 can be any type of vacuum pump as long as the rotation of the pump rotating shaft 31 allows gas to be drawn in from the vacuum pump suction port 3a to the vacuum pump discharge port 3b. For example, the vacuum pump 3 can be a rotary (scroll) type vacuum pump that draws in gas by the rotation of the pump rotating shaft 31, or a reciprocating (reciprocating) type vacuum pump that compresses gas by converting the rotation of the pump rotating shaft 31 into reciprocating motion. In Figures 5A to 5C, an example is shown in which the pump rotating shaft 31 has blades for ease of understanding, but any type of vacuum pump 3 can be applied, and the pump rotating shaft 31 does not need to have blades.

[0022] Here, with reference to Figure 3, the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 will be described. The carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 comprises a carbon dioxide separation material 4a, a front chamber 41, and a rear chamber 42. The carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 is partitioned into a front chamber 41 and a rear chamber 42 by the carbon dioxide separation material 4a. In Figures 1A to 2C, the front chamber 41 and the rear chamber 42 are schematically and conceptually shown as single chambers in the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4. In the embodiment of the present invention, the front chamber 41 and the rear chamber 42 do not necessarily have to be single chambers. This includes cases where multiple carbon dioxide separation materials 4a partition multiple front chambers 41 and multiple rear chambers 42, and cases where multiple front chambers 41 are defined as a set of front chambers 41 and multiple rear chambers 42 as a set of rear chambers 42. Furthermore, it also includes cases where the shapes of the multiple carbon dioxide separation materials 4a are complex, and the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 includes all embodiments as long as it is partitioned into a front chamber 41 and a rear chamber 42 by the carbon dioxide separation material 4a.

[0023] The carbon dioxide separation material 4a is made of a material that can selectively separate carbon dioxide molecules from oxygen and nitrogen molecules through a molecular sieving effect on carbon dioxide molecules. The carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 is equipped with an inlet 4b, an air outlet 4c, and a carbon dioxide outlet 4d. The inlet 4b is an opening that introduces air containing carbon dioxide (oxygen and nitrogen) into the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4. The air outlet 4c is an outlet that discharges oxygen and nitrogen, which are air components from which carbon dioxide has been separated by the carbon dioxide separation material 4a. On the other hand, the carbon dioxide outlet 4d is an outlet that discharges carbon dioxide separated from oxygen and nitrogen, which are air components containing carbon dioxide, from the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4. The inlet 4b and the air outlet 4c communicate with the front chamber 41 but not with the rear chamber 42, while the carbon dioxide outlet 4d communicates with the rear chamber 42 but not with the front chamber 41. The inlet 4b is located at the end opposite to the air outlet 4c.

[0024] Specifically, the average molecular diameter of carbon dioxide molecules is 0.33 nanometers, with a nominal variation of 0.32 to 0.34 nanometers. The average molecular diameter of oxygen molecules is 0.34 nanometers, with a nominal variation of 0.34 to 0.36 nanometers. The average molecular diameter of nitrogen molecules is 0.36 nanometers, with a nominal variation of 0.36 to 0.38 nanometers. The carbon dioxide separation material 4a is made of a material that has many permeable pores smaller than 0.34 nanometers and larger than 0.33 nanometers. Carbon dioxide molecules can pass through the permeable pores of the carbon dioxide separation material 4a, but nitrogen and oxygen molecules cannot, thus exhibiting a molecular sieving effect on carbon dioxide molecules. In this way, various materials can be selected as materials that exhibit a molecular sieving effect on carbon dioxide molecules.

[0025] The carbon dioxide separation material 4a is a material capable of selectively separating carbon dioxide molecules from oxygen and nitrogen. As shown in Figure 3, the carbon dioxide separation material 4a can be formed as a porous material by bundling many elongated tubular tubes 411, each having permeable pores 411a with a diameter that allows carbon dioxide molecules to pass through but not nitrogen and oxygen molecules, penetrating both sides of the tube. The structure composed of many bundles of elongated tubular tubes 411 constitutes the pre-chamber 41. The tubular tubes 411 can be formed from various materials. The tubular tubes 411 having permeable pores 411a can be formed from porous materials. For example, the tubular tubes 411, which are the carbon dioxide separation material 4a, can be formed from a polyimide film having permeable pores 411a with a diameter that allows carbon dioxide to pass through but not nitrogen and oxygen molecules, and many of these can be arranged in clusters to form a porous material. For example, this is the carbon dioxide separation module manufactured by UBE Corporation.

[0026] Furthermore, the tubular tube 411 having permeable pores 411a can also be formed from a porous material such that the gaps allow carbon dioxide molecules to pass through but prevent nitrogen and oxygen molecules from passing through. For example, it can be made from a porous material manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.

[0027] Furthermore, the capillary tubes 411 can be constructed as numerous cluster-like capillary tubes made of ceramic particles configured to have gaps between them. By applying a solvent, these gaps can form permeable pores 411a that allow carbon dioxide molecules to pass through but not nitrogen and oxygen molecules, creating a porous material. For example, it can be constructed using a DDR-type zeolite membrane for carbon dioxide separation manufactured by NGK Insulators, Ltd.

[0028] The entire hollow space inside the cluster of multiple capillary tubes 411 constitutes the pre-chamber 41, and the entire space outside the capillary tubes 411 constitutes the post-chamber 42. The carbon dioxide separation material 4a is not limited to the material described here; various materials can be used as long as they are capable of selectively separating carbon dioxide molecules from oxygen and nitrogen. Furthermore, the carbon dioxide separation material 4a can be various materials as long as it has permeable holes 411a that penetrate both sides with a diameter that allows carbon dioxide molecules to pass through but not nitrogen and oxygen molecules. As long as it is divided into a pre-chamber 41 and a post-chamber 42 by such a carbon dioxide separation material 4a, it is defined as a carbon dioxide separation chamber 4.

[0029] A rear chamber 42 is located outside the front chamber 41, which is composed of a bundle of elongated tubes 411. The front chamber 41 is defined as the inside of the elongated tubes 411, and the rear chamber 42 is defined as the outside of the elongated tubes 411. One end of each bundle of elongated tubes 411 is an inlet 4b, and the other end on the opposite side is an air outlet 4c. A carbon dioxide outlet 4d is located in the rear chamber 42. An air outlet pipe 53 is connected to the air outlet 4c, and a pump inlet pipe 54 is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet 4d. The front chamber 41 and the rear chamber 42 are connected by a permeate hole 411a, which allows carbon dioxide to pass through but not nitrogen and oxygen molecules. Therefore, carbon dioxide separated from oxygen and nitrogen passes through the permeate hole 411a and flows into the rear chamber 42, and is discharged from the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 via the pump inlet pipe 54 connected to the carbon dioxide outlet 4d. The carbon dioxide separation material 4a is made up of bundles of long, narrow tubes 411, and therefore has high fluid resistance. When pressurized air containing carbon dioxide is introduced into the tubes 411 through the inlet 4b at one end, as the air containing carbon dioxide flows through each of the bundles of long, narrow tubes 411, the carbon dioxide flows out of the tubes 411 through the permeate holes 411a, and by the time it reaches the air outlet 4c at one end of the tubes 411, the carbon dioxide has been removed from the air, and oxygen and nitrogen, which are components of air, are discharged from the air outlet 4c. Because the carbon dioxide separation material 4a is made up of long, narrow tubes 411 and therefore has high fluid resistance, air containing carbon dioxide will not flow into the tubes 411 unless it is pressurized. On the other hand, as long as pressurized air containing carbon dioxide flows inside the tubes 411, all the carbon dioxide flows out of the tubes 411 through the permeate holes 411a, and the air discharged from the air outlet 4c does not contain carbon dioxide.

[0030] The piping 5 comprises a compressor inlet pipe 51, a compressor outlet pipe 52, an air outlet pipe 53, a pump inlet pipe 54, and a carbon dioxide outlet pipe 55. In particular, in the embodiments shown in Figures 1B and 1C, the piping 5 may also be configured to further include a carbon dioxide supply pipe 56 having one end in communication with a carbon dioxide supply environment 121.

[0031] One end of the compressor inlet pipe 51 and one end of the compressor discharge pipe 52 are connected to the compressor suction port 2a and compressor discharge port 2b of the compressor 2, respectively. The other end of the compressor discharge pipe 52 is connected to the pre-chamber 41 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4. In the configurations of Figures 1A, 1B, and 1D, the suction end 51a, which is the other end of the compressor inlet pipe 51, is arranged to communicate with the interior of the target space 11, and in the configuration of Figure 1C, the other end of the carbon dioxide supply pipe 56 communicates with the suction end 51a, which is the other end of the compressor inlet pipe 51. When the compressor 2 is in operation, air containing carbon dioxide is introduced from the interior of the target space 11 or the carbon dioxide supply environment 121 through the compressor inlet pipe 51 to the interior of the compressor 2 from the compressor suction port 2a, pressurized and compressed, and then discharged from the compressor discharge port 2b to the compressor discharge pipe 52. The embodiments shown in Figures 1A, 1B, and 1D are for selectively separating carbon dioxide and air inside the target space 11, while the embodiment in Figure 1C is for selectively separating carbon dioxide and air in the carbon dioxide supply environment 121. In the embodiment of Figure 1C, an exhaust port 11b is placed in the target space 11 to prevent an increase in pressure inside the target space 11.

[0032] One end of the pump introduction pipe 54 and one end of the carbon dioxide discharge pipe 55 are connected to the pressure reducing pump suction port 3a and pressure reducing pump discharge port 3b of the pressure reducing pump 3, respectively. The other end of the pump introduction pipe 54 is connected to the rear chamber 42 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4. When the pressure reducing pump 3 is operating, carbon dioxide separated from the air is introduced into the compressor 2 through the pump introduction pipe 54 and pressure reducing pump suction port 3a, where it is pressurized and compressed and discharged from the compressor discharge port 2b to the compressor discharge pipe 52. One end of the air discharge pipe 53 is located at the air discharge port 4c of the front chamber 41 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4. The other end of the carbon dioxide discharge pipe 55, the carbon dioxide discharge end 55a, is positioned to communicate with the interior of the target space 11, while the other end of the air discharge pipe 53, the air end 53a, communicates with the environment outside the target space 11 and does not communicate with the target space 11.

[0033] In other words, in Embodiment 1, the compressor outlet 2b of the compressor 2 is in communication with the front chamber 41 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4, the pressure pump suction port 3a of the pressure pump 3 is in communication with the rear chamber 42 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 via the pump introduction piping 54, the compressor suction port 2a of the compressor 2 is in communication with the inside of the target space 11 via the compressor introduction piping 51, the CO2 source 12 which is the source of carbon dioxide is outside or inside the target space 11, the pressure pump outlet 3b of the pressure pump 3 which is in communication with the rear chamber 42 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 is in communication with the inside of the target space 11, and the air outlet 4c of the front chamber 41 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 is in communication with the external environment of the target space 11 at the air end 53a via the air discharge piping 53. As a result, the mixed gas of carbon dioxide and air contained in the target space 11 is selectively separated into carbon dioxide and air in the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4. The carbon dioxide is recirculated into the interior of the target space 11 from the rear chamber 42, and the air from which the carbon dioxide has been separated is discharged into the external environment of the target space 11 from the front chamber 41. The amount of carbon dioxide inside the target space 11 can be controlled by the carbon dioxide amount control system 1A to increase and maintain that amount.

[0034] The drive source (DS) 13 includes a drive shaft 13a that rotates to transmit rotational force. The drive shaft 13a transmits rotational force to the compressor rotation shaft 21 and the pump rotation shaft 31 via the rotational force transmission element 14, causing them to rotate and driving the compressor 2 and the pressure reducing pump 3, respectively. The drive source (DS) 13 will now be described with reference to Figures 4A to 4C and Figures 5A to 5C.

[0035] One embodiment of the drive source 13 will be described with reference to Figures 4A to 4C. One embodiment of the drive source 13 can be a drive device 131 which is an electric motor or engine that rotates the drive shaft 13a, for example, by electric power or an internal combustion engine. The drive device 131 which is an electric motor or engine has the advantage of being able to be used in various ways in which the target space 11 is fixed or movable, and can use electricity or fuel as power for the compressor 2 and pressure reducing pump 3, thus offering a high degree of flexibility in the installation location of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1. For example, taking an electric motor as an example, as shown in Figures 4A to 4C, the drive device 131 which is the drive source 13 is equipped with a magnet 131b, and the drive shaft 13a which is the drive shaft 131a is equipped with an armature 131c, and the drive shaft 131a with a voltage applied to the armature 131c rotates due to the magnetic field created by the magnet 131b.

[0036] As shown in Figure 4A, the drive shaft 131a can be coaxially coupled to the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31 by a coupler 141, which is a rotational force transmission element 14. By coaxially coupling the drive shaft 131a to the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31, the drive source 13, compressor 2, and pressure reducing pump can be configured compactly. By coaxially coupling the drive shaft 131a to the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31, the rotational force of the drive shaft 131a can be transmitted to the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31. When the drive shaft 131a rotates due to the drive device 131, the compressor rotating shaft 21 rotates, causing the turbine blades of the compressor rotating shaft 21 to rotate. Then, air containing carbon dioxide is drawn into the inside of the compressor 2 from the compressor introduction pipe 51 through the compressor suction port 2a. The air containing carbon dioxide drawn into the compressor 2 is compressed and discharged through the compressor outlet 2b into the compressor discharge pipe 52. Additionally, the rotational force of the drive shaft 131a rotates the pump rotating shaft 31, causing the turbine blades of the pump rotating shaft 31 to rotate, which draws carbon dioxide from the pump inlet pipe 54 into the vacuum pump 3 through the vacuum pump suction port 3a and discharges it through the vacuum pump outlet 3b into the carbon dioxide discharge pipe 55.

[0037] As shown in Figures 4B and 4C, the drive shaft 131a can be coupled to the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31, respectively, rather than being coaxial with the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31, so that the rotational force of the drive shaft 131a can be transmitted via the rotational force transmission element 14. For example, as shown in Figure 4B, the rotational force transmission element 14 can be configured as a rotating belt 142, with the rotating belt 142 suspended between the drive shaft 131a and the rotating wheel 21a of the compressor rotating shaft 21, and also suspended between the drive shaft 131a and the rotating wheel 31a of the pump rotating shaft 31. In other words, the rotational force of the drive shaft 131a is transmitted to the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31 via the rotating belt 142. The operation of the compressor 2 and the pressure reducing pump 3 when the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31 rotate is as already described.

[0038] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4C, the rotational force transmission element 14 is configured as a gear 143, with the gear 143 fitting with the drive shaft 131a and the gear 21b of the compressor rotation shaft 21, and also fitting with the drive shaft 131a and the gear 31b of the pump rotation shaft 31. In other words, the rotational force of the drive shaft 131a is transmitted to the compressor rotation shaft 21 and the pump rotation shaft 31 by the gear 143. The operation of the compressor 2 and the pressure reducing pump 3 when the compressor rotation shaft 21 and the pump rotation shaft 31 rotate is as already described.

[0039] Although not shown in the figures, the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31 can also be coupled coaxially, but not coaxially with the drive shaft 131a of the drive unit 131. The drive shaft 131a and the compressor rotating shaft 21 and pump rotating shaft 31, which are coupled coaxially, can also be coupled by a rotating belt 142 or gear 143. At least two of the drive shaft 131a of the drive unit 131, the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31 can be coupled coaxially, so that the driving force of the drive unit 131, which is the drive source 13, can be transmitted to the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31. Furthermore, the arrangement order and position of the drive unit 131, the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31 can be freely set and are not limited to the examples shown in Figures 4A to 4C.

[0040] Next, other embodiments of the drive source 13 will be described with reference to Figures 5A to 5C. Another embodiment of the drive source 13 is a drive device 132 that utilizes the force of fluid flow. The fluid can be a gas such as air or a liquid such as water. In a drive device 132 that utilizes the force of fluid flow, the energy for driving is naturally derived, so there is no cost, and it has the effect of not emitting carbon dioxide and harmful gases that lead to air pollution when consuming energy. As an example of utilizing the force of gas flow, the relative airflow of a moving body can be used. That is, the carbon dioxide amount control system 1, including the drive device 132, is mounted on a moving body. A moving body is defined as an object that moves relative to the ground, such as automobiles such as passenger cars and trucks, railway vehicles, and airplanes. In the example of mounting the carbon dioxide amount control system 1, including the drive device 132, on a moving body, it is highly effective when the target space 11 is suitable for movement.

[0041] Furthermore, the drive device 132 that utilizes the force of fluid flow can also be a fixed drive device 132. For example, if a fixed drive device 132 uses a gas such as air as the fluid, it can be a windmill, and if a liquid such as water is used as the fluid, it can be a water turbine. A fixed drive device 132 is particularly effective when it is suitable for the target space 11 to be fixed at a predetermined location. If the target space 11 is a greenhouse, it is effective because it can utilize wind power or water power.

[0042] In the case of a drive device 132 that utilizes the force of fluid flow, the drive shaft 13a, or drive shaft 132b, is equipped with a rotor blade 132a, and the rotor blade 132a rotates due to the fluid flow, thereby rotating the drive shaft 13a. The shape of the rotor blade 132a can be freely set to the optimal shape according to the fluid flow. When using a gas such as air as the fluid, a rotor blade 132a shaped to suit the gas flow is adopted, and when using a liquid such as water as the fluid, a rotor blade 132a shaped to suit the liquid flow is adopted. Referring to Figure 5A, a representative example of a drive device 132 that utilizes the force of gas flow is described, and the drive device 132 is equipped with an intake surface 132c and an exhaust surface 132d. The fluid flow passes from the intake surface 132c to the exhaust surface 132d, causing the rotor blade 132a to rotate, thereby rotating the drive shaft 13a. In the example shown in Figure 5A, the rotation plane of the rotor blade 132a is set to a plane perpendicular to the fluid flow. However, the rotor blade 132a can also be shaped so that its rotation plane coincides with the fluid flow plane. The latter is more suitable when utilizing fluid flow. In the example in Figure 5A, the diameter of the rotor blade 132a is shown to be relatively small, but this can also be freely set to the optimal size depending on the fluid velocity.

[0043] Even if the drive source 13 is a drive device 132 that utilizes fluid flow, the drive shaft 132b can be coaxially coupled to the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31 by a coupler 141, which is a rotational force transmission element 14, as shown in Figure 5A, similar to the case where the drive source 13 is a drive device 131. By coaxially coupling the drive shaft 132b to the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31, the drive device 132 (which is the drive source 13), the compressor 2, and the pressure reducing pump can be configured compactly. The operation of the drive shaft 132b, the compressor rotating shaft 21, and the pump rotating shaft 31, as well as the operation of the compressor 2 and the pressure reducing pump 3, when the drive shaft 132b is coaxially coupled to the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31 by a coupler 141, which is a rotational force transmission element 14, is the same as when the drive source 13 is a drive device 131, so a detailed explanation will be omitted.

[0044] Furthermore, even in the case of a drive device 132 that utilizes fluid flow, the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31 can be coupled coaxially, and the drive shaft 132b of the drive device 132 can not be coupled coaxially. The drive shaft 132b and the compressor rotating shaft 21 and pump rotating shaft 31, which are coupled coaxially, can also be coupled by a rotating belt 142 or gear 143. At least two of the drive shaft 132b of the drive device 132, the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31 can be coupled coaxially, so that the driving force of the drive device 132, which is the drive source 13, can be transmitted to the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31. Also, the arrangement order and position of the drive device 132, the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31 can be freely set, and the examples shown in Figures 5A to 5C are not applicable.

[0045] Furthermore, even in the case of a drive device 132 that utilizes fluid flow, a rotating belt 142 can be applied as a rotational force transmission element 14, as shown in Figure 5B, or a gear 143 can be applied as a rotational force transmission element 14, as shown in Figure 5C. In each case, the drive source 13 can transmit the rotational force of the drive shaft 132b of the drive device 132 to the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31 via the rotating belt 142, or the rotational force of the drive shaft 132b of the drive device 132 to the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31 via the gear 143, similar to the case of the drive device 131. When the drive shaft 132b of the drive unit 132 is connected to the compressor rotating shaft 21 and the pump rotating shaft 31 by the rotating belt 142 and the gear 143, the operation of the drive shaft 132b, the compressor rotating shaft 21, and the pump rotating shaft 31, as well as the operation of the compressor 2 and the pressure reducing pump 3, are the same as when the drive source 13 was described for the drive unit 131, so a detailed explanation is omitted.

[0046] Next, the operation of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1A in Embodiment 1 will be described. The target space 11 is initially filled with air, and is also an environment where air can easily enter from outside the target space 11. The carbon dioxide amount control system 1 in Embodiment 1 fills and maintains carbon dioxide in the target space 11 for a predetermined time. In the embodiments of Figures 1A, 1B, and 1D, carbon dioxide is supplied to the inside of the target space 11 from the supply port 12a of the CO2 source 12 located outside or inside the target space 11, and in the embodiment of Figure 1C, the carbon dioxide supply pipe 56 is connected to the compressor introduction pipe 51. When the drive source 13 is activated, the compressor 2 and the pressure reducing pump 3 are driven, and air containing carbon dioxide from inside the target space 11 or the carbon dioxide supply environment 121 is introduced into the compressor introduction pipe 51 by the compressor 2. The gas inside the target space 11 and the gas in the carbon dioxide supply environment 121 are both gases containing carbon dioxide and air. The gas containing carbon dioxide and air from inside the target space 11 and the carbon dioxide supply environment 121 is introduced from the compressor introduction pipe 51 to the pre-chamber 41 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 via the compressor discharge pipe 52. From the pre-chamber 41, only carbon dioxide is selectively introduced into the post-chamber 42 by the pressure reducing pump 3, and then recirculated to the target space 11 via the pressure reducing pump 3 through the pump introduction pipe 54 and the carbon dioxide discharge pipe 55. The oxygen and nitrogen from the air components from which carbon dioxide has been removed are discharged from the pre-chamber 41 to the external environment of the target space 11 via the air discharge pipe 53. Thus, in the embodiments shown in Figures 1A, 1B, and 1D, the air components inside the target space 11 are discharged to the external environment of the target space 11, and in the embodiment shown in Figure 1C, the air components from the carbon dioxide supply environment 121 are discharged to the external environment. In all embodiments, the carbon dioxide separated from the air returns to the target space 11 via the carbon dioxide discharge pipe 55, and over time, the inside of the target space 11 is filled with and maintained with carbon dioxide. For example, plants are grown inside the target space 11, and through photosynthesis, their carbon dioxide is consumed, increasing the oxygen content.However, through the continuous operation of the carbon dioxide control system 1, even in the face of an increase in oxygen inside the target space 11 and an increase in air entering the target space 11 through gaps in the target space 11, the system can remove oxygen and air, fill the target space 11 with carbon dioxide, and maintain that state.

[0047] The carbon dioxide control system 1 of Embodiment 1 is suitable for use in a target space 11 that is to be filled with carbon dioxide and to maintain that state for a predetermined time. For example, it is suitable for use in a target space 11 where it is preferable to remove oxygen, a flammable gas, and fill it with carbon dioxide in an environment where fire is likely to occur, or in a greenhouse or vegetable factory where carbon dioxide is necessary for the growth of crops and plants.

[0048] In Figures 1A to 1C and 2A to 2C, at the compressor inlet 2a of the compressor inlet piping 51 that draws air into the compressor 2, when 200 milliliters (approximately 0.24 grams) of air at standard atmospheric pressure contains 0.04 percent (approximately 0.00016 grams) of carbon dioxide, when the compressor 2 pressurizes the inlet 4b, which is the pressure point representing the pre-chamber 41, to 0.4 megapascals, and the carbon dioxide outlet 4d of the pump inlet piping 54, which is the pressure point representing the pressure in the post-chamber 42 connected to the depressurizing pump 3, to minus 94 megapascals, the amount of carbon dioxide in the gas released into the atmosphere at the air outlet 4c of the air discharge piping 53 that has passed through the pre-chamber 41 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 is zero grams (0 percent) by weight. On the other hand, at the carbon dioxide outlet 4d of the pump introduction piping 54, which connects from the pre-chamber 41 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 through the carbon dioxide separation material 4a to the post-chamber 42 and then to the depressurizing pump 3, the same carbon dioxide concentration of 0.04 percent (approximately 0.00016 grams) as at the inlet 4b can be confirmed. This indicates that the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 can selectively separate and remove all carbon dioxide based on a standard of 0.04 percent (approximately 0.00016 grams) of carbon dioxide in 200 milliliters (approximately 0.24 grams) of air at standard atmospheric pressure. If a larger amount of carbon dioxide than this is supplied to the pre-chamber 41 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4, or if the pressure difference between the compressor 2 and the depressurizing pump 3 is not maintained, there is a possibility that carbon dioxide will mix in at the air outlet 4c of the air discharge piping 53 that passes through the pre-chamber 41. Therefore, a valve (not shown) can be placed between the pre-chamber 41 and the air discharge piping 53, and the amount of opening and closing of the valve can be adjusted to ensure the flow rate to the post-chamber 42.

[0049] [Embodiment 2] Next, with reference to Figures 2A to 2C, Figure 3, Figures 4A to 5C, and Figure 6, we will describe the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B, which is an embodiment 2 of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1. Figures 2A to 2B are block diagrams conceptually showing the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B of embodiment 2. Figures 2A and 2B show an example in which the carbon dioxide amount control device 10 is located outside the target space 11, and Figure 2C shows an example in which the carbon dioxide amount control device 10 is located inside the target space 11. Figure 3 is a diagram showing the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4. Figures 4A to 4C and Figures 5A to 5C show the drive source of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1. Figure 6 is a diagram showing the carbon dioxide processing chamber.

[0050] The carbon dioxide amount control system 1B comprises a carbon dioxide amount control device 10 and a target space 11, and the carbon dioxide amount control device 10 is the same as in Embodiment 1 in that it comprises a compressor 2, a pressure reducing pump 3, a drive source 13, a carbon dioxide separation chamber 4, and piping 5. In Embodiment 2, the definition of the target space 11 is the same as in Embodiment 1. The target space 11 is a closed space filled with a gas containing carbon dioxide and air, and is isolated and sealed from the external environment. The target space 11 includes a sealed space that is completely isolated from the external environment, but it is sufficient if it is a closed closed space that is isolated to some extent from the external environment, and the external atmosphere can enter through gaps or doors in the sealed space, and it does not need to be a shielded sealed space that is permanently and completely isolated from the external environment.

[0051] The difference between the target space 11 and the first embodiment is that the carbon dioxide control system 1A of the first embodiment requires the target space 11 to be filled with carbon dioxide, whereas the carbon dioxide control system 1B of the second embodiment differs in that, in situations where carbon dioxide tends to increase constantly inside the target space 11, it removes carbon dioxide from inside the target space 11 and fills and maintains the inside of the target space 11 with air. Typical examples of the target space 11 in the second embodiment include, for example, the cargo bed of a truck that stores dry ice made of solidified carbon dioxide, refrigeration and freezing equipment, rooms where people who emit carbon dioxide are densely concentrated, and workplaces where exhaust gases are emitted—all enclosed spaces where carbon dioxide tends to increase. In this respect, the carbon dioxide control system 1B of the second embodiment differs from the carbon dioxide control system 1A of the first embodiment, but both have in common that they selectively separate and remove carbon dioxide from air containing carbon dioxide. The following description will focus on the differences between the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B of Embodiment 2 and the carbon dioxide amount control system 1A of Embodiment 1, while omitting detailed explanations of the similarities between the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B of Embodiment 2 and the carbon dioxide amount control system 1A of Embodiment 1. The drive source 13, compressor 2, pressure reducing pump 3, and carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 are the same as those in the carbon dioxide amount control system 1A of Embodiment 1.

[0052] There are three main differences between the carbon dioxide control system 1A of Embodiment 1 and the carbon dioxide control system 1B of Embodiment 2.

[0053] The first difference is that the CO2 source 12 does not actively supply carbon dioxide into the target space 11, but rather passively supplies carbon dioxide that is generated inside the target space 11. For example, it is a source of carbon dioxide generated from the refrigeration equipment on the cargo bed of a truck that stores dry ice, which is solidified carbon dioxide. As described above, in the present invention, a carbon dioxide source that generates carbon dioxide is defined as a carbon dioxide source that supplies carbon dioxide. As shown by the dashed lines in Figures 2A to 2C, in the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B of Embodiment 2, the CO2 source 12 is located inside the target space 11 and is supplied into the target space 11 from the CO2 source 12a supply port 12a.

[0054] The second difference is that in the carbon dioxide amount control system 1A of Embodiment 1, the air end 53a of the air discharge pipe 53 connected to the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 communicates with the environment outside the target space 11 but does not communicate with the target space 11, whereas in the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B of Embodiment 2, the air end 53a of the air discharge pipe 53 communicates with the inside of the target space 11 but does not communicate with the environment outside the target space 11.

[0055] The third difference is that in carbon dioxide amount control system 1A, the carbon dioxide discharge end 55a, which is the other end of the carbon dioxide discharge pipe 55 that communicates with the pressure reducing pump outlet 3b of the pressure reducing pump 3, is arranged to communicate with the interior of the target space 11, whereas in carbon dioxide amount control system 1B, the carbon dioxide discharge end 55a, which is the other end of the carbon dioxide discharge pipe 55, does not communicate with the interior of the target space 11. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2A, the carbon dioxide discharge end 55a is open to the atmosphere without communicating with the interior of the target space 11, while in the embodiments shown in Figures 2B and 2C, the carbon dioxide discharge end 55a is connected to the carbon dioxide treatment means 6 without communicating with the interior of the target space 11.

[0056] In other words, in Embodiment 2, the compressor outlet 2b of the compressor 2 is in communication with the front chamber 41 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4, the pressure pump suction port 3a of the pressure pump 3 is in communication with the rear chamber 42 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 via the pump introduction piping 54, the compressor suction port 2a of the compressor 2 is in communication with the interior of the target space 11 via the compressor introduction piping 51, the CO2 source 12 which is the source of carbon dioxide is located inside the target space 11, and the air outlet 4c of the front chamber 41 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 is in communication with the interior of the target space 11 at the air end 53a via the air discharge piping 53. The pressure pump outlet 3b of the pressure pump 3 which is in communication with the rear chamber 42 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 is either open to the atmosphere or in communication with a carbon dioxide treatment means 6 which has at least the function of flowing or storing carbon dioxide. As a result, the mixed gas of carbon dioxide and air contained in the target space 11 is selectively separated into carbon dioxide and air in the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4, and the air from which the carbon dioxide has been separated and removed is recirculated from the front chamber 41 into the interior of the target space 11. The carbon dioxide separated from the air in the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 is discharged into the atmosphere from the rear chamber 42 via the carbon dioxide discharge pipe 55 and the carbon dioxide discharge end 55a, as shown in the embodiment of Figure 2A. Alternatively, the carbon dioxide separated from the air in the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 is transferred to the carbon dioxide treatment means 6, as shown in the embodiments of Figures 2B and 2C. In any embodiment of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B of Embodiment 2, it is possible to reduce and maintain the amount of carbon dioxide inside the target space 11 and to control the discharge of carbon dioxide to the external environment of the target space 11. In the embodiment of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B of Embodiment 2, as shown in Figures 2B and 2C, the carbon dioxide discharge end 55a is in communication with the carbon dioxide treatment means 6 and the carbon dioxide separated from the air in the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4 is transferred to the carbon dioxide treatment means 6, in which case the carbon dioxide is further decomposed by the carbon dioxide treatment means 6. The carbon dioxide treatment means 6 shown in Figures 2B and 2C will be described below.

[0057] The carbon dioxide treatment means 6 is defined as a device having at least the function of flowing or storing carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide treatment means 6 will be described with reference to Figures 2B and 2C and Figures 6A to 6D. Figures 6A to 6D are conceptual diagrams focusing on part X in Figures 2B and 2C. As shown in Figure 6A, the carbon dioxide treatment means 6 is, for example, a pipe 61 that is connected to the carbon dioxide discharge end 55a and through which carbon dioxide can flow. The pipe 61 flows the carbon dioxide introduced from the carbon dioxide discharge end 55a to a carbon dioxide decomposition treatment facility (not shown) outside the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B. The carbon dioxide flowed from the pipe 61 can be decomposed and disposed of in the carbon dioxide decomposition treatment facility (not shown).

[0058] As shown in Figure 6B, the carbon dioxide treatment means 6 can also be, in another embodiment, a tank 62 capable of storing a certain amount of carbon dioxide internally. In the case of a tank 62 as the carbon dioxide treatment means 6, for example, a pipe 62a is connected to the tank 62 (not shown). The pipe 62a functions similarly to the pipe 61, and the pipe 62a carries the carbon dioxide introduced from the carbon dioxide discharge end 55a to a carbon dioxide decomposition treatment facility (not shown) outside the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B. The carbon dioxide carried out from the pipe 62a can be decomposed and disposed of in the carbon dioxide decomposition treatment facility (not shown). In another embodiment of the tank 62 as the carbon dioxide treatment means 6, the tank 62 can be configured to be detachably attached to the carbon dioxide discharge end 55a of the carbon dioxide discharge pipe 55. When the tank 62 as the carbon dioxide treatment means 6 is filled with carbon dioxide introduced from the carbon dioxide discharge end 55a, the tank 62 is detached from the carbon dioxide discharge end 55a. The removed tank 62 can be transported to an external carbon dioxide decomposition treatment facility (not shown), where the carbon dioxide inside can be decomposed and disposed of.

[0059] The carbon dioxide treatment means 6 can also be a carbon dioxide treatment device 63 that has the function of flowing or storing carbon dioxide, and in addition, is capable of internally decomposing carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide treatment device 63 will be described with reference to Figure 6C. The carbon dioxide treatment device 63 is equipped with an electrolyte 63b that readily dissolves carbon dioxide, such as water or alcohol, and the carbon dioxide discharge pipe 55 is configured to pass through the electrolyte 63b. The carbon dioxide that passes through the electrolyte 63b dissolves in water, and the decomposed gas is discharged from the degassing pipe 63a. The carbon dioxide that passes through the electrolyte 63b dissolves in water, is decomposed, and the gas that does not contain CO2 is discharged from the degassing pipe 63a. For example, if the electrolyte is water, 1.45 grams of carbon dioxide can be completely dissolved in 1 kilogram of water. Therefore, by refluxing the necessary electrolyte according to the amount of carbon dioxide supplied, the carbon dioxide flowing from the carbon dioxide discharge pipe 55 to the carbon dioxide treatment device 63 can be almost completely decomposed.

[0060] The carbon dioxide treatment device 63 may also be further equipped with an electrolysis device 7. Preferably, the electrolysis device 7 is positioned as part of the carbon dioxide treatment device 63, downstream of the carbon dioxide discharge pipe 55 through which the carbon dioxide has passed in the electrolyte 63b. By providing the electrolysis device 7, the amount of carbon dioxide remaining after dissolution in the electrolyte in the carbon dioxide treatment device 63 can be further increased. For example, an electrolytic reduction method can be employed as the electrolysis device 7.

[0061] Referring to Figure 6D, the electrolysis apparatus 7 will be described. The electrolysis apparatus 7 comprises a cathode electrode 71 and an anode electrode 72 connected to a power supply 7a, a gas supply cell 74, a gas discharge cell 75, two electrolyte supply cells 76, and an electrolyte membrane 73. Each of the two electrolyte supply cells 76 is positioned to sandwich the electrolyte membrane 73. The electrolyte supply cells 76 and the gas discharge cell 75 are positioned to sandwich the anode electrode 72. The electrolyte supply cells 76 and the gas supply cell 74 are positioned to sandwich the cathode electrode 71. The electrolyte membrane 73 has the property of mainly permeating ions and can be, for example, a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, or an anion exchange membrane. The anode electrode 72 is equipped with a catalyst layer 72a made of iridium oxide. The cathode electrode 71 is equipped with a catalyst layer 71a made of copper nanoparticles. The gas supply cell 74 and the gas discharge cell 75 are equipped with grooves to allow gas to flow. Each of the two electrolyte supply cells 76 is provided with a groove to allow the electrolyte to flow through.

[0062] The carbon dioxide piping 456 is connected to the gas supply cell 74, and the carbon dioxide is supplied to the cathode electrode 71 from a groove inside the gas supply cell 74. In other words, the longer the groove, the more carbon dioxide comes into contact with the electrode, and therefore more carbon dioxide can be decomposed. For this reason, it is preferable that the groove be formed in a meandering structure.

[0063] The electrolyte supply cell 76 is connected to an electrolyte supply pipe 76a and an electrolyte discharge pipe 76b. The former supplies electrolyte to the electrolyte supply cell 76, and the latter discharges electrolyte from the electrolyte supply cell 76. The electrolyte is supplied to the anode electrode 72 and cathode electrode 712 from grooves inside the electrolyte supply cell 76. Various electrolytes can be used as the electrolyte; for example, an aqueous potassium bicarbonate solution can be used.

[0064] A voltage is applied by power supply 7a, with the anode electrode 72 acting as the positive electrode and the cathode electrode 71 as the negative electrode. Carbon dioxide supplied from electrolyte supply pipe 76a is decomposed by the catalyst layer 72a of the anode electrode 72, and reacts with hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of the electrolyte to form reducing substances such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, methane, and ethylene. Carbon monoxide is also produced during the decomposition process of the catalyst layer. These gases, which contain almost no decomposed carbon dioxide, are discharged from degassing pipe 63a.

[0065] In addition to hydrogen, oxygen is also produced by the electrolysis of the electrolyte. This oxygen is discharged from the gas discharge cell 75 through the oxygen pipe 77. When 1 gram of carbon dioxide is supplied to the electrolysis device 7 from the carbon dioxide pipe 456, at least 0.5 grams (approximately 50 percent by weight) of carbon dioxide can be decomposed into alcohol, etc. The electrolysis device 7 makes it possible to further completely decompose any remaining trace amounts of carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide flowing into the carbon dioxide treatment device 63.

[0066] In all other respects, the carbon dioxide control system 1A of Embodiment 1 and the carbon dioxide control system 1B of Embodiment 2 are the same, so we will omit further explanation.

[0067] Next, the operation of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B in Embodiment 2 will be described. In its initial state, the target space 11 is filled with air, and the environment inside the target space 11 is conducive to the generation of carbon dioxide. When the drive source 13 is activated, the compressor 2 and the pressure reducing pump 3 are driven, and the air containing carbon dioxide inside the target space 11 is introduced by the compressor 2 from the compressor introduction pipe 51 through the compressor discharge pipe 52 into the pre-chamber 41 of the carbon dioxide separation chamber 4. The suction force of the pressure reducing pump 3 selectively introduces only carbon dioxide from the pre-chamber 41 into the post-chamber 42, and the oxygen and nitrogen components of the air from which carbon dioxide has been separated and removed are returned from the pre-chamber 41 to the inside of the target space 11 via the air discharge pipe 53. The carbon dioxide selectively separated from the pre-chamber 41 and introduced into the post-chamber 42 is discharged into the atmosphere from the carbon dioxide discharge end 55a via the carbon dioxide discharge pipe 55 through the pressure reducing pump 3 from the pump introduction pipe 54 (as shown in Figure 2A), or it is introduced from the carbon dioxide discharge end 55a into the carbon dioxide treatment means 6 (as shown in Figures 2B and 2C). As a result, the carbon dioxide components inside the target space 11 are either discharged into the atmosphere or stored in the carbon dioxide treatment means 6, while the air from which the separated carbon dioxide has been removed returns to the target space 11 via the air discharge pipe 53. Over time, the inside of the target space 11 is filled with oxygen and maintained. For example, in situations where carbon dioxide is likely to be generated inside the target space 11, the continuous operation of the carbon dioxide amount control system 1B removes carbon dioxide in response to the increase in carbon dioxide inside the target space 11, filling the inside of the target space 11 with oxygen and maintaining that state.

[0068] The carbon dioxide control system 1B of Embodiment 2 is suitable for use in a target space 11 where carbon dioxide is to be removed and filled with air, as carbon dioxide is likely to be generated inside. For example, suitable use in a target space 11 that is prone to generating carbon dioxide is a room equipped with refrigeration equipment containing dry ice, such as a refrigerated room with dry ice, or the cargo bed of a truck equipped with a refrigeration device. [Explanation of symbols]

[0069] 1. Carbon dioxide level control system 2 Compressors 3. Pressure Reducing Pump 4 Carbon dioxide separation chamber 5 Piping 6. Carbon dioxide treatment means 7. Electrolysis apparatus 11 Objective space 12 Carbon dioxide sources 13 Power source 51 Compressor introduction piping 51 52 Compressor discharge piping 53 Air exhaust piping 54 Pump introduction piping 55 Carbon dioxide emission piping 56. Carbon dioxide supply piping 61 Piping 62 tanks 63 Carbon dioxide treatment equipment

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide control device that controls the amount of carbon dioxide inside a target space for housing and growing plants, The carbon dioxide amount control device is A compressor comprising a compressor suction port, a compressor discharge port, and a compressor rotating shaft, wherein the compressor rotating shaft rotates to draw in a gas containing carbon dioxide and air from inside or outside the target space through the compressor suction port and discharge it through the compressor discharge port, A pressure reducing pump comprising a pump suction port, a pump discharge port, and a pump rotating shaft, wherein the pump rotating shaft rotates to draw gas in from the pump suction port and discharge it from the pump discharge port, A drive source comprising a drive shaft, the rotation of which rotates the compressor rotation shaft and the pump rotation shaft to drive the compressor and the pressure reducing pump, respectively, It comprises a carbon dioxide separation chamber divided into a front chamber and a rear chamber by a carbon dioxide separation material, The compressor outlet of the compressor is connected to the pre-chamber of the carbon dioxide separation chamber. The pump suction port of the aforementioned depressurizing pump is connected to the rear chamber of the carbon dioxide separation chamber. The compressor suction port of the compressor communicates with at least one of the inside of the target space and the outside of the target space. The carbon dioxide source is located at least one of the outside and inside of the target space. A carbon dioxide control device wherein the pump discharge port of the pressure reducing pump, which communicates with the rear chamber, communicates with the interior of the target space, and the exhaust port of the front chamber communicates with the exterior of the target space.

2. The carbon dioxide amount control device according to claim 1, wherein the drive source is an electric motor or an internal combustion engine that rotates the drive shaft.

3. The carbon dioxide amount control device according to claim 1, wherein the drive source is a drive device that is rotated by the flow of a fluid.

4. The carbon dioxide amount control device according to claim 3, wherein the carbon dioxide amount control device and the target space are mounted on a mobile body, and the fluid flow is an airflow generated relatively by the movement of the mobile body.

5. The carbon dioxide amount control device according to claim 3, wherein the fluid flow is an airflow caused by wind or a water flow caused by water flow in the drive device.

6. The carbon dioxide amount control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the drive source, the compressor rotating shaft, and the pump rotating shaft are coaxially coupled, and the driving force of the drive source is transmitted to the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft.

7. The carbon dioxide amount control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein at least one of the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft is coupled to the drive source by a gear or a rotating belt, and the driving force of the drive source is transmitted to the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft.

8. The carbon dioxide amount control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the compressor is a rotary or reciprocating compressor driven by the rotation of the compressor's rotating shaft, and the pressure reducing pump is a rotary or reciprocating pressure reducing pump driven by the rotation of the pump's rotating shaft.

9. A space for housing and cultivating plants, A carbon dioxide control system comprising a carbon dioxide amount control device for controlling the amount of carbon dioxide inside the target space, The carbon dioxide amount control device is A compressor comprising a compressor suction port, a compressor discharge port, and a compressor rotating shaft, wherein the compressor rotating shaft rotates to draw in a gas containing carbon dioxide and air from inside or outside the target space through the compressor suction port and discharge it through the compressor discharge port, A pressure reducing pump comprising a pump suction port, a pump discharge port, and a pump rotating shaft, wherein the pump rotating shaft rotates to draw gas in from the pump suction port and discharge it from the pump discharge port, A drive source comprising a drive shaft, the rotation of which rotates the compressor rotation shaft and the pump rotation shaft to drive the compressor and the pressure reducing pump, respectively, It comprises a carbon dioxide separation chamber divided into a front chamber and a rear chamber by a carbon dioxide separation material, The compressor outlet of the compressor is connected to the pre-chamber of the carbon dioxide separation chamber. The pump suction port of the aforementioned depressurizing pump is connected to the rear chamber of the carbon dioxide separation chamber. The compressor suction port of the compressor communicates with at least one of the inside of the target space and the outside of the target space. The carbon dioxide source is located at least one of the outside and inside of the target space. A carbon dioxide amount control system in which the pump discharge port of the pressure reducing pump, which communicates with the rear chamber, communicates with the interior of the target space, and the exhaust port of the front chamber communicates with the exterior of the target space.

10. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to claim 9, wherein the drive source is an electric motor or an internal combustion engine that rotates the drive shaft.

11. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to claim 9, wherein the drive source is a drive device that is rotated by the flow of a fluid.

12. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to claim 11, wherein the carbon dioxide amount control device and the target space are mounted on a moving body, and the fluid flow is an airflow generated relatively by the movement of the moving body.

13. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to claim 11, wherein the fluid flow is an airflow caused by wind or a water flow caused by water flow in the drive device.

14. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to claim 9, wherein the carbon dioxide amount control device and the target space are mounted on a mobile body, and the drive source is a drive device that rotates using the relative airflow generated by the movement of the mobile body.

15. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to any one of claims 9 to 14, wherein at least one of the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft is coupled coaxially to the drive source, and the driving force of the drive source is transmitted to the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft.

16. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to any one of claims 9 to 14, wherein at least one of the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft is coupled to the drive source by gears or a rotating belt, and the driving force of the drive source is transmitted to the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft.

17. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to any one of claims 9 to 14, wherein the compressor is a rotary or reciprocating compressor driven by the rotation of the compressor's rotating shaft, and the pressure reducing pump is a rotary or reciprocating pressure reducing pump driven by the rotation of the pump's rotating shaft.

18. A carbon dioxide amount control device that controls the amount of carbon dioxide inside a target space in which carbon dioxide and air are mixed, so as to increase or decrease the amount of carbon dioxide relative to the air, The carbon dioxide amount control device is A compressor comprising a compressor suction port, a compressor discharge port, and a compressor rotating shaft, wherein the compressor rotating shaft rotates to draw in a gas containing carbon dioxide and air from inside or outside the target space through the compressor suction port and discharge it through the compressor discharge port, A pressure reducing pump comprising a pump suction port, a pump discharge port, and a pump rotating shaft, wherein the pump rotating shaft rotates to draw gas in from the pump suction port and discharge it from the pump discharge port, A drive source comprising a drive shaft, the rotation of which rotates the compressor rotation shaft and the pump rotation shaft to drive the compressor and the pressure reducing pump, respectively, It comprises a carbon dioxide separation chamber divided into a front chamber and a rear chamber by a carbon dioxide separation material, The compressor outlet of the compressor is connected to the pre-chamber of the carbon dioxide separation chamber. The pump suction port of the aforementioned depressurizing pump is connected to the rear chamber of the carbon dioxide separation chamber. The compressor suction port of the compressor communicates with at least one of the inside of the target space and the outside of the target space. The carbon dioxide source is located at least one of the outside and inside of the target space. A carbon dioxide control device wherein the pump discharge port of the pressure reducing pump communicating with the rear chamber communicates with the interior of the target space and the exhaust port of the front chamber communicates with the exterior of the target space, or the pump discharge port of the pressure reducing pump communicating with the rear chamber and the exhaust port of the front chamber communicating with the interior of the target space communicates with the rear chamber, and the pump discharge port of the pressure reducing pump having at least the function of opening to the atmosphere or releasing or storing carbon dioxide.

19. The carbon dioxide amount control device according to claim 18, wherein the drive source is an electric motor or an internal combustion engine that rotates the drive shaft.

20. The carbon dioxide amount control device according to claim 18, wherein the drive source is a drive device that is rotated by the flow of a fluid.

21. The carbon dioxide amount control device according to claim 20, wherein the carbon dioxide amount control device and the target space are mounted on a mobile body, and the fluid flow is an airflow generated relatively by the movement of the mobile body.

22. The carbon dioxide amount control device according to claim 20, wherein the fluid flow is an airflow caused by wind or a water flow caused by water flow in the drive device.

23. The carbon dioxide amount control device according to any one of claims 18 to 22, wherein the drive source, the compressor rotating shaft, and the pump rotating shaft are coaxially coupled, and the driving force of the drive source is transmitted to the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft.

24. The carbon dioxide amount control device according to any one of claims 18 to 22, wherein at least one of the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft is coupled to the drive source by a gear or a rotating belt, and the driving force of the drive source is transmitted to the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft.

25. The carbon dioxide amount control device according to any one of claims 18 to 22, wherein the compressor is a rotary or reciprocating compressor driven by the rotation of the compressor's rotating shaft, and the pressure reducing pump is a rotary or reciprocating pressure reducing pump driven by the rotation of the pump's rotating shaft.

26. The carbon dioxide amount control device according to claim 18, wherein the carbon dioxide treatment means is a pipe, a tank, or a carbon dioxide treatment device.

27. The target space is in a mixed state of carbon dioxide and air, A carbon dioxide amount control system comprising: a carbon dioxide amount control device that controls the amount of carbon dioxide inside the target space to increase or decrease the amount of carbon dioxide relative to the air inside the target space, The carbon dioxide amount control device is A compressor comprising a compressor suction port, a compressor discharge port, and a compressor rotating shaft, wherein the compressor rotating shaft rotates to draw in a gas containing carbon dioxide and air from inside or outside the target space through the compressor suction port and discharge it through the compressor discharge port, A pressure reducing pump comprising a pump suction port, a pump discharge port, and a pump rotating shaft, wherein the pump rotating shaft rotates to draw gas in from the pump suction port and discharge it from the pump discharge port, A drive source comprising a drive shaft, the rotation of which rotates the compressor rotation shaft and the pump rotation shaft to drive the compressor and the pressure reducing pump, respectively, It comprises a carbon dioxide separation chamber divided into a front chamber and a rear chamber by a carbon dioxide separation material, The compressor outlet of the compressor is connected to the pre-chamber of the carbon dioxide separation chamber. The pump suction port of the aforementioned depressurizing pump is connected to the rear chamber of the carbon dioxide separation chamber. The compressor suction port of the compressor communicates with at least one of the inside of the target space and the outside of the target space. The carbon dioxide source is located at least one of the outside and inside of the target space. A carbon dioxide amount control system wherein the pump discharge port of the pressure reducing pump communicating with the rear chamber communicates with the interior of the target space and the exhaust port of the front chamber communicates with the exterior of the target space, or the pump discharge port of the pressure reducing pump communicating with the rear chamber and the exhaust port of the front chamber communicating with the interior of the target space communicates with a carbon dioxide treatment means having at least the function of opening to the atmosphere or releasing or storing carbon dioxide.

28. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to claim 27, wherein the drive source is an electric motor or an internal combustion engine that rotates the drive shaft.

29. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to claim 27, wherein the drive source is a drive device that is rotated by the flow of a fluid.

30. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to claim 27, wherein the carbon dioxide treatment means is a pipe, a tank, or a carbon dioxide treatment device.

31. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to claim 29, wherein the carbon dioxide amount control device and the target space are mounted on a moving body, and the fluid flow is an airflow generated relatively by the movement of the moving body.

32. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to claim 29, wherein the fluid flow is an airflow caused by wind or a water flow caused by water flow in the drive device.

33. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to claim 27, wherein the carbon dioxide amount control device and the target space are mounted on a mobile body, and the drive source is a drive device that rotates using the relative airflow generated by the movement of the mobile body.

34. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to any one of claims 27 to 33, wherein at least one of the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft is coupled coaxially to the drive source, and the driving force of the drive source is transmitted to the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft.

35. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to any one of claims 27 to 33, wherein at least one of the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft is coupled to the drive source by gears or a rotating belt, and the driving force of the drive source is transmitted to the compressor rotating shaft and the pump rotating shaft.

36. The carbon dioxide amount control system according to any one of claims 27 to 33, wherein the compressor is a rotary or reciprocating compressor driven by the rotation of the compressor's rotating shaft, and the pressure reducing pump is a rotary or reciprocating pressure reducing pump driven by the rotation of the pump's rotating shaft.

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